1
|
Musgrove L, Russell FD, Ventura T. Considerations for cultivated crustacean meat: potential cell sources, potential differentiation and immortalization strategies, and lessons from crustacean and other animal models. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38733287 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2342480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cultivated crustacean meat (CCM) is a means to create highly valued shrimp, lobster, and crab products directly from stem cells, thus removing the need to farm or fish live animals. Conventional crustacean enterprises face increasing pressures in managing overfishing, pollution, and the warming climate, so CCM may provide a way to ensure sufficient supply as global demand for these products grows. To support the development of CCM, this review briefly details crustacean cell culture work to date, before addressing what is presently known about crustacean muscle development, particularly the molecular mechanisms involved, and how this might relate to recent work on cultivated meat production in vertebrate species. Recognizing the current lack of cell lines available to establish CCM cultures, we also consider primary stem cell sources that can be obtained non-lethally including tissues from limbs which are readily released and regrown, and putative stem cells in circulating hemolymph. Molecular approaches to inducing myogenic differentiation and immortalization of putative stem cells are also reviewed. Finally, we assess the current status of tools available to CCM researchers, particularly antibodies, and propose avenues to address existing shortfalls in order to see the field progress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Musgrove
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Fraser D Russell
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Tomer Ventura
- Centre for Bioinnovation, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast (UniSC), Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gallerani G, Rossi T, Ferracin M, Bonafè M. Settling the uncertainty about unconventional circulating tumor cells: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, cell fusion and trogocytosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 381:99-111. [PMID: 37739485 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) were first described 150 years ago. The so-called "classical" CTC populations (EpCAM+/CK+/CD45-) have been fully characterized and proposed as the most representative CTC subset, with clinical relevance. Nonetheless, other "atypical" or "unconventional" CTCs have also been identified, and their critical role in metastasis formation was demonstrated. In this chapter we illustrate the studies that led to the discovery of unconventional CTCs, defined as CTCs that display both epithelial and mesenchymal markers, or both cancer and immune markers, also in the form of hybrid cancer-immune cells. We also present biological explanations for the origin of these unconventional CTCs: epithelial to mesenchymal transition, cell-cell fusion and trogocytosis. We believe that a deeper knowledge on the biology of CTCs is needed to fully elucidate their role in cancer progression and their use as cancer biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gallerani
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Tania Rossi
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Bonafè
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy; IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Dittmar T, Hass R. Intrinsic signalling factors associated with cancer cell-cell fusion. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:68. [PMID: 37016404 PMCID: PMC10071245 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular fusion e.g. between cancer cells and normal cells represents a stepwise process that is tightly regulated. During a pre-hybrid preparation program somatic cells and/or cancer cells are promoted to a pro-fusogenic state as a prerequisite to prepare a fusion process. A pro-fusogenic state requires significant changes including restructure of the cytoskeleton, e.g., by the formation of F-actin. Moreover, distinct plasma membrane lipids such as phosphatidylserine play an important role during cell fusion. In addition, the expression of distinct fusogenic factors such as syncytins and corresponding receptors are of fundamental importance to enable cellular mergers. Subsequent hybrid formation and fusion are followed by a post-hybrid selection process. Fusion among normal cells is important and often required during organismal development. Cancer cells fusion appears more rarely and is associated with the generation of new cancer hybrid cell populations. These cancer hybrid cells contribute to an elevated tumour plasticity by altered metastatic behaviour, changes in therapeutic and apoptotic responses, and even in the formation of cancer stem/ initiating cells. While many parts within this multi-step cascade are still poorly understood, this review article predominantly focusses on the intracellular necessities for fusion among cancer cells or with other cell populations of the tumour microenvironment. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str. 10, 58448, Witten, Germany.
| | - Ralf Hass
- Biochemistry and Tumor Biology Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pax7 + Satellite Cells in Human Skeletal Muscle After Exercise: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2023; 53:457-480. [PMID: 36266373 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skeletal muscle has extraordinary regenerative capabilities against challenge, mainly owing to its resident muscle stem cells, commonly identified by Pax7+, which expediently donate nuclei to the regenerating multinucleated myofibers. This local reserve of stem cells in damaged muscle tissues is replenished by undifferentiated bone marrow stem cells (CD34+) permeating into the surrounding vascular system. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to provide a quantitative estimate for the changes in Pax7+ muscle stem cells (satellite cells) in humans following an acute bout of exercise until 96 h, in temporal relation to circulating CD34+ bone marrow stem cells. A subgroup analysis of age was also performed. METHODS Four databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and BASE) were used for the literature search until February 2022. Pax7+ cells in human skeletal muscle were the primary outcome. Circulating CD34+ cells were the secondary outcome. The standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the influence of age, training status, type of exercise, and follow-up time after exercise. RESULTS The final search identified 20 studies for Pax7+ cells comprising a total of 370 participants between the average age of 21 and 74 years and 26 studies for circulating CD34+ bone marrow stem cells comprising 494 participants between the average age of 21 and 67 years. Only one study assessed Pax7+ cells immediately after aerobic exercise and showed a 32% reduction in exercising muscle followed by a fast repletion to pre-exercise level within 3 h. A large effect on increasing Pax7+ cell content in skeletal muscles was observed 24 h after resistance exercise (SMD = 0.89, p < 0.001). Pax7+ cells increased to ~ 50% above pre-exercise level 24-72 h after resistance exercise. For a subgroup analysis of age, a large effect (SMD = 0.81, p < 0.001) was observed on increasing Pax7+ cells in exercised muscle among adults aged > 50 years, whereas adults at younger age presented a medium effect (SMD = 0.64, p < 0.001). Both resistance exercise and aerobic exercise showed a medium overall effect in increasing circulating CD34+ cells (SMD = 0.53, p < 0.001), which declined quickly to the pre-exercise baseline level after exercise within 6 h. CONCLUSIONS An immediate depletion of Pax7+ cells in exercising skeletal muscle concurrent with a transient release of CD34+ cells suggest a replenishment of the local stem cell reserve from bone marrow. A protracted Pax7+ cell expansion in the muscle can be observed during 24-72 h after resistance exercise. This result provides a scientific basis for exercise recommendations on weekly cycles allowing for adequate recovery time. Exercise-induced Pax7+ cell expansion in muscle remains significant at higher age, despite a lower stem cell reserve after age 50 years. More studies are required to confirm whether Pax7+ cell increment can occur after aerobic exercise. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) [identification code CRD42021265457].
Collapse
|
5
|
Farhoudi M, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Farjami A, Salatin S. Nanoparticle and Stem Cell Combination Therapy for the Management of Stroke. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:15-29. [PMID: 36515043 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221213113119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is currently one of the primary causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Unfortunately, the available treatments for stroke are still extremely limited. Indeed, stem cell (SC) therapy is a new option for the treatment of stroke that could significantly expand the therapeutic time window of stroke. Some proposed mechanisms for stroke-based SC therapy are the incorporation of SCs into the host brain to replace dead or damaged cells/tissues. Moreover, acute cell delivery can inhibit apoptosis and decrease lesion size, providing immunomudolatory and neuroprotection effects. However, several major SC problems related to SCs such as homing, viability, uncontrolled differentiation, and possible immune response, have limited SC therapy. A combination of SC therapy with nanoparticles (NPs) can be a solution to address these challenges. NPs have received considerable attention in regulating and controlling the behavior of SCs because of their unique physicochemical properties. By reviewing the pathophysiology of stroke and the therapeutic benefits of SCs and NPs, we hypothesize that combined therapy will offer a promising future in the field of stroke management. In this work, we discuss recent literature in SC research combined with NP-based strategies that may have a synergistic outcome after stroke incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Farhoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Farjami
- Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sara Salatin
- Neurosciences Research Center (NSRC), Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Desmin deficiency affects the microenvironment of the cardiac side population and Sca1+ stem cell population of the adult heart and impairs their cardiomyogenic commitment. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 389:309-326. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03643-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
7
|
Jin H, Liu K, Huang X, Huo H, Mou J, Qiao Z, He B, Zhou B. Genetic Lineage Tracing of Pericardial Cavity Macrophages in the Injured Heart. Circ Res 2022; 130:1682-1697. [PMID: 35440174 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.320567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophages play an important role in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI). In addition to the resident macrophages and blood-derived monocytes, Gata6+ cavity macrophages located in the pericardial space were recently reported to relocate to the injured myocardium and prevent cardiac fibrosis. However, there is no direct genetic evidence to support it. METHODS We used dual recombinases (Cre and Dre) to specifically label Gata6+ pericardial macrophages (GPCMs) in vivo. For functional study, we generated genetic systems to specifically ablate GPCMs by induced expression of diphtheria toxin receptor or knockout of Gata6 (GATA binding protein 6) gene in GPCMs. We used these genetic systems to study GPCMs in pericardium intact MI model. RESULTS Dual recombinases-mediated genetic system targeted GPCMs specifically and efficiently. Lineage tracing study revealed accumulation of GPCMs on the surface of MI heart without deep penetration into the myocardium. We did not detect significant change of cardiac fibrosis or function of MI hearts after cell ablation or Gata6 knockout in GPCMs. CONCLUSIONS GPCMs minimally invade the injured heart after MI. Nor do they prevent cardiac fibrosis and exhibit reparative function on injured heart. This study also underlines the importance of using specific genetic tool for studying in vivo cell fates and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (H.J., X.H., J.M., B.Z.)
| | - Kuo Liu
- School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (K.L., B.Z.)
| | - Xiuzhen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (H.J., X.H., J.M., B.Z.)
| | - Huanhuan Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China (H.H., B.H.)
| | - Jialing Mou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (H.J., X.H., J.M., B.Z.)
| | - Zengyong Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China (Z.Q.)
| | - Ben He
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, China (H.H., B.H.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (H.J., X.H., J.M., B.Z.).,School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. (K.L., B.Z.).,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, China (B.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salemi S, Prange JA, Baumgartner V, Mohr-Haralampieva D, Eberli D. Adult stem cell sources for skeletal and smooth muscle tissue engineering. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:156. [PMID: 35410452 PMCID: PMC8996587 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02835-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tissue engineering is an innovative field with enormous developments in recent years. These advances are not only in the understanding of how stem cells can be isolated, cultured and manipulated but also in their potential for clinical applications. Thus, tissue engineering when applied to skeletal and smooth muscle cells is an area that bears high benefit for patients with muscular diseases or damage. Most of the recent research has been focused on use of adult stem cells. These cells have the ability to rejuvenate and repair damaged tissues and can be derived from different organs and tissue sources. Recently there are several different types of adult stem cells, which have the potential to function as a cell source for tissue engineering of skeletal and smooth muscles. However, to build neo-tissues there are several challenges which have to be addressed, such as the selection of the most suitable stem cell type, isolation techniques, gaining control over its differentiation and proliferation process. CONCLUSION The usage of adult stem cells for muscle engineering applications is promising. Here, we summarize the status of research on the use of adult stem cells for cell transplantation in experimental animals and humans. In particular, the application of skeletal and smooth muscle engineering in pre-clinical and clinical trials will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Souzan Salemi
- grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Wagistrasse 21, 4.OG, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Jenny A. Prange
- grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Wagistrasse 21, 4.OG, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Valentin Baumgartner
- grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Wagistrasse 21, 4.OG, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Deana Mohr-Haralampieva
- grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Wagistrasse 21, 4.OG, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Eberli
- grid.412004.30000 0004 0478 9977Laboratory for Urologic Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zürich, Wagistrasse 21, 4.OG, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seo BR, Payne CJ, McNamara SL, Freedman BR, Kwee BJ, Nam S, de Lázaro I, Darnell M, Alvarez JT, Dellacherie MO, Vandenburgh HH, Walsh CJ, Mooney DJ. Skeletal muscle regeneration with robotic actuation-mediated clearance of neutrophils. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabe8868. [PMID: 34613813 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe8868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Ri Seo
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher J Payne
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Viam Inc., New York, NY 10023, USA
| | - Stephanie L McNamara
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Benjamin R Freedman
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brian J Kwee
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sungmin Nam
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Irene de Lázaro
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Max Darnell
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jonathan T Alvarez
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Maxence O Dellacherie
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Herman H Vandenburgh
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Conor J Walsh
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David J Mooney
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Spelling Out CICs: A Multi-Organ Examination of the Contributions of Cancer Initiating Cells' Role in Tumor Progression. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:228-240. [PMID: 34244971 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor invasion and metastasis remain the leading causes of mortality for patients with cancer despite current treatment strategies. In some cancer types, recurrence is considered inevitable due to the lack of effective anti-metastatic therapies. Recent studies across many cancer types demonstrate a close relationship between cancer-initiating cells (CICs) and metastasis, as well as general cancer progression. First, this review describes CICs' contribution to cancer progression. Then we discuss our recent understanding of mechanisms through which CICs promote tumor invasion and metastasis by examining the role of CICs in each stage. Finally, we examine the current understanding of CICs' contribution to therapeutic resistance and recent developments in CIC-targeting drugs. We believe this understanding is key to advancing anti-CIC clinical therapeutics.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ausems CRM, van Engelen BGM, van Bokhoven H, Wansink DG. Systemic cell therapy for muscular dystrophies : The ultimate transplantable muscle progenitor cell and current challenges for clinical efficacy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:878-899. [PMID: 33349909 PMCID: PMC8166694 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The intrinsic regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle makes it an excellent target for cell therapy. However, the potential of muscle tissue to renew is typically exhausted and insufficient in muscular dystrophies (MDs), a large group of heterogeneous genetic disorders showing progressive loss of skeletal muscle fibers. Cell therapy for MDs has to rely on suppletion with donor cells with high myogenic regenerative capacity. Here, we provide an overview on stem cell lineages employed for strategies in MDs, with a focus on adult stem cells and progenitor cells resident in skeletal muscle. In the early days, the potential of myoblasts and satellite cells was explored, but after disappointing clinical results the field moved to other muscle progenitor cells, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Most recently, mesoangioblasts and pericytes have been pursued for muscle cell therapy, leading to a handful of preclinical studies and a clinical trial. The current status of (pre)clinical work for the most common forms of MD illustrates the existing challenges and bottlenecks. Besides the intrinsic properties of transplantable cells, we discuss issues relating to cell expansion and cell viability after transplantation, optimal dosage, and route and timing of administration. Since MDs are genetic conditions, autologous cell therapy and gene therapy will need to go hand-in-hand, bringing in additional complications. Finally, we discuss determinants for optimization of future clinical trials for muscle cell therapy. Joined research efforts bring hope that effective therapies for MDs are on the horizon to fulfil the unmet clinical need in patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Rosanne M Ausems
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans van Bokhoven
- Donders lnstitute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Derick G Wansink
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Cell Biology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aquino JB, Sierra R, Montaldo LA. Diverse cellular origins of adult blood vascular endothelial cells. Dev Biol 2021; 477:117-132. [PMID: 34048734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
During embryonic stages, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) originate from the mesoderm, at specific extraembryonic and embryonic regions, through a process called vasculogenesis. In the adult, EC renewal/replacement mostly depend on local resident ECs or endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Nevertheless, contribution from circulating ECs/EPCs was also reported. In addition, cells lacking from EC/EPC markers with in vitro extended plasticity were shown to originate endothelial-like cells (ELCs). Most of these cells consist of mesenchymal stromal progenitors, which would eventually get mobilized from the bone marrow after injury. Based on that, current knowledge on different mouse and human bone marrow stromal cell (BM-SC) subpopulations, able to contribute with mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), is herein reviewed. Such analyses underline an unexpected heterogeneity among sinusoidal LepR+ stromal/CAR cells. For instance, in a recent report a subgroup of LepR+ stromal/CAR progenitors, which express GLAST and is traced in Wnt1Cre;R26RTom mice, was found to contribute with ELCs in vivo. These GLAST + Wnt1+ BM-SCs were shown to get mobilized to the peripheral blood and to contribute with liver regeneration. Other sources of ELCs, such as adipose, neural and dental pulp tissues, were also published. Finally, mechanisms likely involved in the enhanced cellular plasticity properties of bone marrow/adipose tissue stromal cells, able to originate ELCs, are assessed. In the future, strategies to analyze the in vivo expression profile of stromal cells, with MSC properties, in combination with screening of active genomic regions at the single cell-level, during early postnatal development and/or after injury, will likely help understanding properties of these ELC sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge B Aquino
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina.
| | - Romina Sierra
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina
| | - Laura A Montaldo
- CONICET-Universidad Austral, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Developmental Biology & Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cell-cell fusions and cell-in-cell phenomena in healthy cells and cancer: Lessons from protists and invertebrates. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 81:96-105. [PMID: 33713795 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Herein we analyze two special routes of the multinucleated cells' formation - the fusion of mononuclear cells and the formation of cell-in-cell structures - in the healthy tissues and in tumorigenesis. There are many theories of tumorigenesis based on the phenomenon of emergence of the hybrid cancer cells. We consider the phenomena, which are rarely mentioned in those theories: namely, cellularization of syncytium or coenocytes, and the reversible or irreversible somatogamy. The latter includes the short-term and the long-term vegetative (somatic) cells' fusions in the life cycles of unicellular organisms. The somatogamy and multinuclearity have repeatedly and independently emerged in various groups of unicellular eukaryotes. These phenomena are among dominant survival and biodiversity sustaining strategies in protists and we admit that they can likely play an analogous role in cancer cells.
Collapse
|
14
|
Biressi S, Filareto A, Rando TA. Stem cell therapy for muscular dystrophies. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5652-5664. [PMID: 32946430 DOI: 10.1172/jci142031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, characterized by progressive degeneration of skeletal and cardiac muscle. Despite the intense investigation of different therapeutic options, a definitive treatment has not been developed for this debilitating class of pathologies. Cell-based therapies in muscular dystrophies have been pursued experimentally for the last three decades. Several cell types with different characteristics and tissues of origin, including myogenic stem and progenitor cells, stromal cells, and pluripotent stem cells, have been investigated over the years and have recently entered in the clinical arena with mixed results. In this Review, we do a roundup of the past attempts and describe the updated status of cell-based therapies aimed at counteracting the skeletal and cardiac myopathy present in dystrophic patients. We present current challenges, summarize recent progress, and make recommendations for future research and clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Biressi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO) and.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, University of Trento, Povo, Italy
| | - Antonio Filareto
- Department of Research Beyond Borders, Regenerative Medicine, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., Ridgefield, Conneticut, USA
| | - Thomas A Rando
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences and.,Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.,Center for Tissue Regeneration, Repair and Restoration, Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Nitahara-Kasahara Y, Kuraoka M, Guillermo PH, Hayashita-Kinoh H, Maruoka Y, Nakamura-Takahasi A, Kimura K, Takeda S, Okada T. Dental pulp stem cells can improve muscle dysfunction in animal models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:78. [PMID: 33494794 PMCID: PMC7831244 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-02099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited progressive disorder that causes skeletal and cardiac muscle deterioration with chronic inflammation. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are attractive candidates for cell-based strategies for DMD because of their immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, we hypothesized that systemic treatment with DPSCs might show therapeutic benefits as an anti-inflammatory therapy. Methods To investigate the potential benefits of DPSC transplantation for DMD, we examined disease progression in a DMD animal model, mdx mice, by comparing them with different systemic treatment conditions. The DPSC-treated model, a canine X-linked muscular dystrophy model in Japan (CXMDJ), which has a severe phenotype similar to that of DMD patients, also underwent comprehensive analysis, including histopathological findings, muscle function, and locomotor activity. Results We demonstrated a therapeutic strategy for long-term functional recovery in DMD using repeated DPSC administration. DPSC-treated mdx mice and CXMDJ showed no serious adverse events. MRI findings and muscle histology suggested that DPSC treatment downregulated severe inflammation in DMD muscles and demonstrated a milder phenotype after DPSC treatment. DPSC-treated models showed increased recovery in grip-hand strength and improved tetanic force and home cage activity. Interestingly, maintenance of long-term running capability and stabilized cardiac function was also observed in 1-year-old DPSC-treated CXMDJ. Conclusions We developed a novel strategy for the safe and effective transplantation of DPSCs for DMD recovery, which included repeated systemic injection to regulate inflammation at a young age. This is the first report on the efficacy of a systemic DPSC treatment, from which we can propose that DPSCs may play an important role in delaying the DMD disease phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nitahara-Kasahara
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-city, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Mutsuki Kuraoka
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Posadas Herrera Guillermo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Hayashita-Kinoh
- Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-city, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Maruoka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Kimura
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of General Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-city, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin'ichi Takeda
- Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Okada
- Division of Cell and Gene Therapy, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-city, Tokyo, Japan. .,Department of Molecular Therapy, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-city, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Heterogenetic parabiosis between healthy and dystrophic mice improve the histopathology in muscular dystrophy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7075. [PMID: 32341395 PMCID: PMC7184587 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive muscle disease, characterized by mutations in the X-linked dystrophin, that has several therapeutic options but no curative treatment. Transplantation of muscle progenitor cells for treatment of DMD has been widely investigated; however, its application is hindered by limited cell survival due to the harmful dystrophic microenvironment. An alternative approach to utilize progenitor cells and circulatory factors and to improve the dystrophic muscle pathology and microenvironment is through parabiotic pairing, where mice are surgically sutured to create a joint circulatory system. Parabiotic mice were generated by surgically joining wild type (WT) mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) with mdx mice. These mice developed a common circulation (approximately 50% green cells in the blood of mdx mice) 2-weeks after parabiotic pairing. We observed significantly improved dystrophic muscle pathology, including decreased inflammation, necrotic fibers and fibrosis in heterogenetic parabionts. Importantly, the GFP + cells isolated from the mdx mice (paired with GFP mice) underwent myogenic differentiation in vitro and expressed markers of mesenchymal stem cells and macrophages, which may potentially be involved in the improvement of dystrophic muscle pathology. These observations suggest that changing the dystrophic microenvironment can be a new approach to treat DMD.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shabo I, Svanvik J, Lindström A, Lechertier T, Trabulo S, Hulit J, Sparey T, Pawelek J. Roles of cell fusion, hybridization and polyploid cell formation in cancer metastasis. World J Clin Oncol 2020; 11:121-135. [PMID: 32257843 PMCID: PMC7103524 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i3.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-cell fusion is a normal biological process playing essential roles in organ formation and tissue differentiation, repair and regeneration. Through cell fusion somatic cells undergo rapid nuclear reprogramming and epigenetic modifications to form hybrid cells with new genetic and phenotypic properties at a rate exceeding that achievable by random mutations. Factors that stimulate cell fusion are inflammation and hypoxia. Fusion of cancer cells with non-neoplastic cells facilitates several malignancy-related cell phenotypes, e.g., reprogramming of somatic cell into induced pluripotent stem cells and epithelial to mesenchymal transition. There is now considerable in vitro, in vivo and clinical evidence that fusion of cancer cells with motile leucocytes such as macrophages plays a major role in cancer metastasis. Of the many changes in cancer cells after hybridizing with leucocytes, it is notable that hybrids acquire resistance to chemo- and radiation therapy. One phenomenon that has been largely overlooked yet plays a role in these processes is polyploidization. Regardless of the mechanism of polyploid cell formation, it happens in response to genotoxic stresses and enhances a cancer cell’s ability to survive. Here we summarize the recent progress in research of cell fusion and with a focus on an important role for polyploid cells in cancer metastasis. In addition, we discuss the clinical evidence and the importance of cell fusion and polyploidization in solid tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Shabo
- Endocrine and Sarcoma Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm SE 171 77, Sweden
- Patient Area of Breast Cancer, Sarcoma and Endocrine Tumours, Theme Cancer, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm SE 171 76, Sweden
| | - Joar Svanvik
- The Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg SE 413 45, Sweden
- Division of Surgery, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE 581 83, Sweden
| | - Annelie Lindström
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping SE 581 85, Sweden
| | - Tanguy Lechertier
- Novintum Bioscience Ltd, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Trabulo
- Novintum Bioscience Ltd, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
| | - James Hulit
- Novintum Bioscience Ltd, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Sparey
- Novintum Bioscience Ltd, London Bioscience Innovation Centre, London NW1 0NH, United Kingdom
| | - John Pawelek
- Department of Dermatology and the Yale Cancer Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, United States
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dörnen J, Sieler M, Weiler J, Keil S, Dittmar T. Cell Fusion-Mediated Tissue Regeneration as an Inducer of Polyploidy and Aneuploidy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1811. [PMID: 32155721 PMCID: PMC7084716 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological phenomenon of cell fusion plays a crucial role in several physiological processes, including wound healing and tissue regeneration. Here, it is assumed that bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) could adopt the specific properties of a different organ by cell fusion, thereby restoring organ function. Cell fusion first results in the production of bi- or multinucleated hybrid cells, which either remain as heterokaryons or undergo ploidy reduction/heterokaryon-to-synkaryon transition (HST), thereby giving rise to mononucleated daughter cells. This process is characterized by a merging of the chromosomes from the previously discrete nuclei and their subsequent random segregation into daughter cells. Due to extra centrosomes concomitant with multipolar spindles, the ploidy reduction/HST could also be associated with chromosome missegregation and, hence, induction of aneuploidy, genomic instability, and even putative chromothripsis. However, while the majority of such hybrids die or become senescent, aneuploidy and genomic instability appear to be tolerated in hepatocytes, possibly for stress-related adaption processes. Likewise, cell fusion-induced aneuploidy and genomic instability could also lead to a malignant conversion of hybrid cells. This can occur during tissue regeneration mediated by BMSC fusion in chronically inflamed tissue, which is a cell fusion-friendly environment, but is also enriched for mutagenic reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Dittmar
- Institute of Immunology, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, 58448 Witten, Germany; (J.D.); (M.S.); (J.W.); (S.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Reduzzi C, Vismara M, Gerratana L, Silvestri M, De Braud F, Raspagliesi F, Verzoni E, Di Cosimo S, Locati LD, Cristofanilli M, Daidone MG, Cappelletti V. The curious phenomenon of dual-positive circulating cells: Longtime overlooked tumor cells. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 60:344-350. [PMID: 31626958 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The presence in the blood of patients with solid tumors of circulating cells expressing both epithelial and leukocyte markers (dual-positive cells, DPcells), has often been reported, though it has never been investigated in detail. A recent study suggested that DPcells are hybrid cells derived from the fusion of tumor cells with macrophages. Such fusion hybrids acquire macrophage-associated features endowing them with accelerated growth, increased motility, enhanced invasion activity and thus, a higher efficiency in metastasis formation. However, no direct evidence proving the tumor origin of circulating DPcells was provided in patients. Here we contribute a review of literature data on DPcells and on the hybrid theory with the aim of putting the current evidence both in a biological and clinical perspective and to generate new hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying tumor progression. To add further biological and clinical context to our literature review, we also report some preliminary data from our laboratory on the identification of DPcells in several solid tumors and confirmation of their malignant genotype, thus classifying them as DP-CTCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Reduzzi
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Vismara
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gerratana
- Department of Medicine (DAME), University of Udine, Italy; Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marco Silvestri
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Filippo De Braud
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Raspagliesi
- Department of surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Verzoni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura D Locati
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Cristofanilli
- Department of Medicine-Hematology and Oncology, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Grazia Daidone
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Cappelletti
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fusion-mediated chromosomal instability promotes aneuploidy patterns that resemble human tumors. Oncogene 2019; 38:6083-6094. [PMID: 31270395 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0859-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oncogenesis is considered to result from chromosomal instability, in addition to oncogene and tumor-suppressor alterations. Intermediate to aneuploidy and chromosomal instability, genome doubling is a frequent event in tumor development but the mechanisms driving tetraploidization and its impact remain unexplored. Cell fusion, one of the pathways to tetraploidy, is a physiological process involved in mesenchymal cell differentiation. Besides simple genome doubling, cell fusion results in the merging of two different genomes that can be destabilized upon proliferation. By testing whether cell fusion is involved in mesenchymal oncogenesis, we provide evidence that it induces genomic instability and mediates tumor initiation. After a latency period, the tumor emerges with the cells most suited for its development. Furthermore, hybrid tumor genomes were stabilized after this selection process and were very close to those of human pleomorphic mesenchymal tumors. Thus genome restructuring triggered by cell fusion may account for the chromosomal instability involved in oncogenesis.
Collapse
|
21
|
Dunn A, Talovic M, Patel K, Patel A, Marcinczyk M, Garg K. Biomaterial and stem cell-based strategies for skeletal muscle regeneration. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1246-1262. [PMID: 30604468 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle can regenerate effectively after mild physical or chemical insult. Muscle trauma or disease can overwhelm this innate capacity for regeneration and result in heightened inflammation and fibrotic tissue deposition resulting in loss of structure and function. Recent studies have focused on biomaterial and stem cell-based therapies to promote skeletal muscle regeneration following injury and disease. Many stem cell populations besides satellite cells are implicated in muscle regeneration. These stem cells include but are not limited to mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, pericytes, fibroadipogenic progenitors, side population cells, and CD133+ stem cells. However, several challenges associated with their isolation, availability, delivery, survival, engraftment, and differentiation have been reported in recent studies. While acellular scaffolds offer a relatively safe and potentially off-the-shelf solution to cell-based therapies, they are often unable to stimulate host cell migration and activity to a level that would result in clinically meaningful regeneration of traumatized muscle. Combining stem cells and biomaterials may offer a viable therapeutic strategy that may overcome the limitations associated with these therapies when they are used in isolation. In this article, we review the stem cell populations that can stimulate muscle regeneration in vitro and in vivo. We also discuss the regenerative potential of combination therapies that utilize both stem cell and biomaterials for the treatment of skeletal muscle injury and disease. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1246-1262, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Muhamed Talovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Krishna Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Anjali Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Madison Marcinczyk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Koyal Garg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Parks College of Engineering, Aviation, and Technology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cellular Reprogramming as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. Trends Cell Biol 2019; 29:623-634. [PMID: 31153655 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity has long been recognized as an important clinical determinant of patient outcomes and, thus, many new cancer treatments have been designed to target these different cells. Despite the short-term achievements of current therapies, including chemotherapy, antiangiogenesis therapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, the long-term success of cancer regression remains poor. Therefore, researchers have investigated a new property, cellular reprogramming, in cancer that not only contributes to the classic hallmarks of cancer, but also suggests that cancer is a dynamic event rather than a static cellular entity. Here, we discuss the mechanisms by which the cellular reprogramming of cancer cells can explain some of the phenotypic and functional heterogeneity observed among cancer cells.
Collapse
|
23
|
Gajendran N. The root cause of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the lack of dystrophin in smooth muscle of blood vessels rather than in skeletal muscle per se. F1000Res 2018. [DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.15889.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:The dystrophin protein is part of the dystrophin associated protein complex (DAPC) linking the intracellular actin cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. Mutations in the dystrophin gene cause Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (D/BMD). Neuronal nitric oxide synthase associates with dystrophin in the DAPC to generate the vasodilator nitric oxide (NO). Systemic dystrophin deficiency, such as in D/BMD, results in muscle ischemia, injury and fatigue during exercise as dystrophin is lacking, affecting NO production and hence vasodilation. The role of neuregulin 1 (NRG) signaling through the epidermal growth factor family of receptors ERBB2 and ERBB4 in skeletal muscle has been controversial, but it was shown to phosphorylate α-dystrobrevin 1 (α-DB1), a component of the DAPC. The aim of this investigation was to determine whether NRG signaling had a functional role in muscular dystrophy.Methods:Primary myoblasts (muscle cells) were isolated from conditional knock-out mice containing lox P flanked ERBB2 and ERBB4 receptors, immortalized and exposed to Cre recombinase to obtainErbb2/4double knock-out (dKO) myoblasts where NRG signaling would be eliminated. Myotubes, thein vitroequivalent of muscle fibers, formed by fusion of the lox P flankedErbb2/4myoblasts as well as theErbb2/4dKO myoblasts were then used to identify changes in dystrophin expression.Results:Elimination of NRG signaling resulted in the absence of dystrophin demonstrating that it is essential for dystrophin expression. However, unlike the DMD mouse model mdx, with systemic dystrophin deficiency, lack of dystrophin in skeletal muscles ofErbb2/4dKO mice did not result in muscular dystrophy. In these mice, ERBB2/4, and thus dystrophin, is still expressed in the smooth muscle of blood vessels allowing normal blood flow through vasodilation during exercise.Conclusions:Dystrophin deficiency in smooth muscle of blood vessels, rather than in skeletal muscle, is the main cause of disease progression in DMD.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kobayashi M, Khalil HA, Lei NY, Wang Q, Wang K, Wu BM, Dunn JCY. Bioengineering functional smooth muscle with spontaneous rhythmic contraction in vitro. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13544. [PMID: 30202095 PMCID: PMC6131399 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31992-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oriented smooth muscle layers in the intestine contract rhythmically due to the action of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) that serve as pacemakers of the intestine. Disruption of ICC networks has been reported in various intestinal motility disorders, which limit the quality and expectancy of life. A significant challenge in intestinal smooth muscle engineering is the rapid loss of function in cultured ICC and smooth muscle cells (SMC). Here we demonstrate a novel approach to maintain the function of both ICC and SMC in vitro. Primary intestinal SMC mixtures cultured on feeder cells seeded electrospun poly(3-caprolactone) scaffolds exhibited rhythmic contractions with directionality for over 10 weeks in vitro. The simplicity of this system should allow for wide usage in research on intestinal motility disorders and tissue engineering, and may prove to be a versatile platform for generating other types of functional SMC in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masae Kobayashi
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hassan A Khalil
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Nan Ye Lei
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Qianqian Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC, 27514, USA
| | - Benjamin M Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.,Division of Advanced Prosthodontics & Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - James C Y Dunn
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA. .,Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Gast CE, Silk AD, Zarour L, Riegler L, Burkhart JG, Gustafson KT, Parappilly MS, Roh-Johnson M, Goodman JR, Olson B, Schmidt M, Swain JR, Davies PS, Shasthri V, Iizuka S, Flynn P, Watson S, Korkola J, Courtneidge SA, Fischer JM, Jaboin J, Billingsley KG, Lopez CD, Burchard J, Gray J, Coussens LM, Sheppard BC, Wong MH. Cell fusion potentiates tumor heterogeneity and reveals circulating hybrid cells that correlate with stage and survival. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2018; 4:eaat7828. [PMID: 30214939 PMCID: PMC6135550 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aat7828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
High lethality rates associated with metastatic cancer highlight an urgent medical need for improved understanding of biologic mechanisms driving metastatic spread and identification of biomarkers predicting late-stage progression. Numerous neoplastic cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms fuel tumor progression; however, mechanisms driving heterogeneity of neoplastic cells in solid tumors remain obscure. Increased mutational rates of neoplastic cells in stressed environments are implicated but cannot explain all aspects of tumor heterogeneity. We present evidence that fusion of neoplastic cells with leukocytes (for example, macrophages) contributes to tumor heterogeneity, resulting in cells exhibiting increased metastatic behavior. Fusion hybrids (cells harboring hematopoietic and epithelial properties) are readily detectible in cell culture and tumor-bearing mice. Further, hybrids enumerated in peripheral blood of human cancer patients correlate with disease stage and predict overall survival. This unique population of neoplastic cells provides a novel biomarker for tumor staging, as well as a potential therapeutic target for intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. Gast
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Alain D. Silk
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Luai Zarour
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lara Riegler
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joshua G. Burkhart
- Department of Medical Informatics and Clinical Epidemiology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kyle T. Gustafson
- Center for Early Detection Advanced Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael S. Parappilly
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Minna Roh-Johnson
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - James R. Goodman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brennan Olson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Mark Schmidt
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - John R. Swain
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Paige S. Davies
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Vidya Shasthri
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Shinji Iizuka
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Patrick Flynn
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Spencer Watson
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - James Korkola
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sara A. Courtneidge
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jared M. Fischer
- Center for Early Detection Advanced Research, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jerry Jaboin
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Kevin G. Billingsley
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Charles D. Lopez
- Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Julja Burchard
- Department of Computational Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Joe Gray
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Lisa M. Coussens
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Brett C. Sheppard
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Melissa H. Wong
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Pesaresi M, Sebastian-Perez R, Cosma MP. Dedifferentiation, transdifferentiation and cell fusion: in vivo reprogramming strategies for regenerative medicine. FEBS J 2018; 286:1074-1093. [PMID: 30103260 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Regenerative capacities vary enormously across the animal kingdom. In contrast to most cold-blooded vertebrates, mammals, including humans, have very limited regenerative capacity when it comes to repairing damaged or degenerating tissues. Here, we review the main mechanisms of tissue regeneration, underlying the importance of cell dedifferentiation and reprogramming. We discuss the significance of cell fate and identity changes in the context of regenerative medicine, with a particular focus on strategies aiming at the promotion of the body's self-repairing mechanisms. We also introduce some of the most recent advances that have resulted in complete reprogramming of cell identity in vivo. Lastly, we discuss the main challenges that need to be addressed in the near future to develop in vivo reprogramming approaches with therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Pesaresi
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Ruben Sebastian-Perez
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain
| | - Maria Pia Cosma
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
André LM, Ausems CRM, Wansink DG, Wieringa B. Abnormalities in Skeletal Muscle Myogenesis, Growth, and Regeneration in Myotonic Dystrophy. Front Neurol 2018; 9:368. [PMID: 29892259 PMCID: PMC5985300 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2018.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and 2 (DM2) are autosomal dominant degenerative neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive skeletal muscle weakness, atrophy, and myotonia with progeroid features. Although both DM1 and DM2 are characterized by skeletal muscle dysfunction and also share other clinical features, the diseases differ in the muscle groups that are affected. In DM1, distal muscles are mainly affected, whereas in DM2 problems are mostly found in proximal muscles. In addition, manifestation in DM1 is generally more severe, with possible congenital or childhood-onset of disease and prominent CNS involvement. DM1 and DM2 are caused by expansion of (CTG•CAG)n and (CCTG•CAGG)n repeats in the 3' non-coding region of DMPK and in intron 1 of CNBP, respectively, and in overlapping antisense genes. This critical review will focus on the pleiotropic problems that occur during development, growth, regeneration, and aging of skeletal muscle in patients who inherited these expansions. The current best-accepted idea is that most muscle symptoms can be explained by pathomechanistic effects of repeat expansion on RNA-mediated pathways. However, aberrations in DNA replication and transcription of the DM loci or in protein translation and proteome homeostasis could also affect the control of proliferation and differentiation of muscle progenitor cells or the maintenance and physiological integrity of muscle fibers during a patient's lifetime. Here, we will discuss these molecular and cellular processes and summarize current knowledge about the role of embryonic and adult muscle-resident stem cells in growth, homeostasis, regeneration, and premature aging of healthy and diseased muscle tissue. Of particular interest is that also progenitor cells from extramuscular sources, such as pericytes and mesoangioblasts, can participate in myogenic differentiation. We will examine the potential of all these types of cells in the application of regenerative medicine for muscular dystrophies and evaluate new possibilities for their use in future therapy of DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurène M André
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - C Rosanne M Ausems
- Department of Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Derick G Wansink
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bé Wieringa
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Agha NH, Baker FL, Kunz HE, Graff R, Azadan R, Dolan C, Laughlin MS, Hosing C, Markofski MM, Bond RA, Bollard CM, Simpson RJ. Vigorous exercise mobilizes CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells to peripheral blood via the β 2-adrenergic receptor. Brain Behav Immun 2018; 68:66-75. [PMID: 29017969 PMCID: PMC6980177 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute dynamic exercise mobilizes CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to the bloodstream, potentially serving as an economical adjuvant to boost the collection of HSCs from stem cell transplant donors. The mechanisms responsible for HSC mobilization with exercise are unknown but are likely due to hemodynamic perturbations, endogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), and/or β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling. We characterized the temporal response of HSC mobilization and plasma G-CSF following exercise, and determined the impact of in vivo β-AR blockade on the exercise-induced mobilization of HSCs. Healthy runners (n = 15) completed, in balanced order, two single bouts of steady state treadmill running exercise at moderate (lasting 90-min) or vigorous (lasting 30-min) intensity. A separate cohort of healthy cyclists (n = 12) completed three 30-min cycling ergometer trials at vigorous intensity after ingesting: (i) 10 mg bisoprolol (β1-AR antagonist); (ii) 80 mg nadolol (β1 + β2-AR antagonist); or (iii) placebo, in balanced order with a double-blind design. Blood samples collected before, during (runners only), immediately after, and at several points during exercise recovery were used to determine circulating G-CSF levels (runners only) and enumerate CD34+ HSCs by flow cytometry (runners and cyclists). Steady state vigorous but not moderate intensity exercise mobilized HSCs, increasing the total blood CD34+ count by ∼4.15 ± 1.62 Δcells/µl (+202 ± 92%) compared to resting conditions. Plasma G-CSF increased in response to moderate but not vigorous exercise. Relative to placebo, nadolol and bisoprolol lowered exercising heart rate and blood pressure to comparable levels. The number of CD34+ HSCs increased with exercise after the placebo and bisoprolol trials, but not the nadolol trial, suggesting β2-AR signaling mediated the mobilization of CD34+ cells [Placebo: 2.10 ± 1.16 (207 ± 69.2%), Bisoprolol 1.66 ± 0.79 (+163 ± 29%), Nadolol: 0.68 ± 0.54 (+143 ± 36%) Δcells/µL]. We conclude that the mobilization of CD34+ HSCs with exercise is not dependent on circulating G-CSF and is likely due to the combined actions of β2-AR signaling and hemodynamic shear stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia H Agha
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Forrest L Baker
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Hawley E Kunz
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Rachel Graff
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Rod Azadan
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Chad Dolan
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Mitzi S Laughlin
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Chitra Hosing
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa M Markofski
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA
| | - Richard A Bond
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine M Bollard
- Program for Cell Enhancement and Technologies for Immunotherapy, Children's National Health System and The George Washington University, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, 3875 Holman Street, Houston, TX 77204, USA; Department of Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Persichini T, Funari A, Colasanti M, Sacchetti B. Clonogenic, myogenic progenitors expressing MCAM/CD146 are incorporated as adventitial reticular cells in the microvascular compartment of human post-natal skeletal muscle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188844. [PMID: 29186180 PMCID: PMC5706678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent observation identifies subendothelial (mural) cells expressing MCAM, a specific system of clonogenic, self-renewing, osteoprogenitors (a.k.a, "mesenchymal stem cells") in the microvascular compartment of post-natal human bone marrow (BM). In this study, we used MCAM/CD146, as a marker to localize, isolate and assay subendothelial clonogenic cells from the microvasculature of postnatal human skeletal muscle. We show here that these cells share with their BM counterpart, anatomic position (subendothelial/adventitial) and ex vivo clonogenicity (CFU-Fs). When assayed under the stringent conditions, these cells display a high spontaneous myogenic potential (independent of co-culture with myoblasts or of in vivo fusion with local myoblasts), which is otherwise only attained in cultures of satellite cells. These muscle-derived mural cells activated a myogenic program in culture. Cultured CD146+ cells expressed the myogenic factors (Pax7, Pax3 and Myf5), NCAM/CD56, desmin as well as proteins characteristic of more advanced myogenic differentiation, such as myosin heavy chain. In vivo, these cells spontaneously generate myotubes and myofibrils. These data identify the anatomy and phenotype of a novel class of committed myogenic progenitor in human post-natal skeletal muscle of subendothelial cells associated with the abluminal surface of microvascular compartment distinct from satellite cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessia Funari
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University “Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Benedetto Sacchetti
- Department of Science, University ROMA TRE, Rome, Italy
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Gavin KM, Majka SM, Kohrt WM, Miller HL, Sullivan TM, Klemm DJ. Hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition of adipose tissue macrophages is regulated by integrin β1 and fabricated fibrin matrices. Adipocyte 2017; 6:234-249. [PMID: 28441086 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2017.1314403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Some bona fide adult adipocytes arise de novo from a bone marrow-derived myeloid lineage. These studies further demonstrate that adipose tissue stroma contains a resident population of myeloid cells capable of adipocyte and multilineage mesenchymal differentiation. These resident myeloid cells lack hematopoietic markers and express mesenchymal and progenitor cell markers. Because bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells have not been shown to enter the circulation, we hypothesized that myeloid cells acquire mesenchymal differentiation capacity in adipose tissue. We fabricated a 3-dimensional fibrin matrix culture system to define the adipose differentiation potential of adipose tissue-resident myeloid subpopulations, including macrophages, granulocytes and dendritic cells. Our data show that multilineage mesenchymal potential was limited to adipose tissue macrophages, characterized by the acquisition of adipocyte, osteoblast, chondrocyte and skeletal muscle myocyte phenotypes. Fibrin hydrogel matrices stimulated macrophage loss of hematopoietic cell lineage determinants and the expression of mesenchymal and progenitor cell markers, including integrin β1. Ablation of integrin β1 in macrophages inhibited adipocyte specification. Therefore, some bona fide adipocytes are specifically derived from adipose tissue-resident macrophages via an integrin β1-dependent hematopoietic-to-mesenchymal transition, whereby they become capable of multipotent mesenchymal differentiation. The requirement for integrin β1 highlights this molecule as a potential target for controlling the production of marrow-derived adipocytes and their contribution to adipose tissue development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M. Gavin
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Susan M. Majka
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN
| | - Wendy M. Kohrt
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Heidi L. Miller
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Timothy M. Sullivan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| | - Dwight J. Klemm
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, CO
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Niemiro GM, Parel J, Beals J, van Vliet S, Paluska SA, Moore DR, Burd NA, De Lisio M. Kinetics of circulating progenitor cell mobilization during submaximal exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 122:675-682. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00936.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating progenitor cells (CPCs) are a heterogeneous population of stem/progenitor cells in peripheral blood that includes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs and HSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that are involved in tissue repair and adaptation. CPC mobilization during exercise remains uncharacterized in young adults. The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinetics of CPC mobilization during and after submaximal treadmill running and their relationship to mobilization factors. Seven men [age = 25.3 ± 2.4 yr, body mass index = 23.5 ± 1.0 kg/m2, peak O2uptake (V̇o2peak) = 60.9 ± 2.74 ml·kg−1·min−1] ran on a treadmill for 60 min at 70% V̇o2peak. Blood sampling occurred before (Pre), during [20 min (20e), 40 min (40e), 60 min (60e)], and after exercise [15 min (15p), 60 min (60p), 120 min (120p)] for quantification of CPCs (CD34+), HSPCs (CD34+/CD45low), HSCs (CD34+/CD45low/CD38−), CD34+MSCs (CD45−/CD34+/CD31−/CD105+), CD34−MSCs (CD45−/CD34−/CD31−/CD105+), and EPCs (CD45−/CD34+/CD31+) via flow cytometry. CPC concentration increased compared with Pre at 20e and 40e (2.7- and 2.4-fold, respectively, P < 0.05). HSPCs and HSCs increased at 20e compared with 60p (2.7- and 2.8-fold, respectively, P < 0.05), whereas EPCs and both MSC populations did not change. CXC chemokine ligand (CXCL) 12 (1.5-fold; P < 0.05) and stem cell factor (1.3-fold; P < 0.05) were increased at 40e and remained elevated postexercise. The peak increase in CPCs was positively correlated to concentration of endothelial cells during exercise with no relationship to CXCL12 and SCF. Our data show the kinetics of progenitor cell mobilization during exercise that could provide insight into cellular mediators of exercise-induced adaptations, and have implication for the use of exercise as an adjuvant therapy for CPC collection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a comprehensive evaluation of circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), we show that CPC mobilization during exercise is related to tissue damage, and not plasma concentrations of CXC chemokine ligand 12 and stem cell factor. These data have implications for the use of exercise interventions as adjuvant therapy for CPC mobilization in the context of hematopoietic stem cell transplant and also support the role of mobilized progenitor cells as cellular mediators of systemic adaptations to exercise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace M. Niemiro
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Justin Parel
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Joseph Beals
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Stephan van Vliet
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Scott A. Paluska
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Daniel R. Moore
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Nicholas A. Burd
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
| | - Michael De Lisio
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois
- School of Human Kinetics, Brain and Mind Institute, Centre for Neuromuscular Disease, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gasco S, Rando A, Zaragoza P, García-Redondo A, Calvo AC, Osta R. Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells as novel prognostic biomarkers of longevity in a murine model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2016; 311:C910-C919. [PMID: 27681176 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00081.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with a difficult diagnosis and prognosis. In this regard, new and more reliable biomarkers for the disease are needed. We propose peripheral blood, and, more specifically, the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as potential prognostic biomarkers in the SOD1G93A murine model of ALS. We accurately and serially studied three HSPCs-hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), common lymphoid progenitors (CLPs), and common myeloid progenitors (CMPs)-in both control and SOD1G93A mice along the disease's progression by RT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. We found interesting differences for every HSPC type in the transgenic mice compared with the control mice at every time point selected, as well as differences along the disease course. The results showed a maintained compensatory increase of HSCs along disease progression. However, the downregulated levels of CLPs and CMPs suggested an exit of these cell populations to the peripheral tissues, probably due to their supporting role to the damaged tissues. In addition, a positive correlation of the percentage of CLPs and CMPs with the longevity was found, as well as a positive correlation of HSCs and CMPs with motor function and weight, thus reinforcing the idea that HSPCs play a relevant role in the longevity of the SOD1G93A mice. On the basis of these results, both CLPs and CMPs could be considered prognostic biomarkers of longevity in this animal model, opening the door to future studies in human patients for their potential clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samanta Gasco
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Health Research Institute of Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and
| | - Amaya Rando
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Health Research Institute of Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and
| | - Pilar Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Health Research Institute of Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and
| | - Alberto García-Redondo
- Biochemistry Department, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases, Health Research Institute, October 12th Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Cristina Calvo
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Health Research Institute of Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and
| | - Rosario Osta
- Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Veterinary Faculty of Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón, Health Research Institute of Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; and
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Mitani Y, Vagnozzi RJ, Millay DP. In vivo myomaker-mediated heterologous fusion and nuclear reprogramming. FASEB J 2016; 31:400-411. [PMID: 27825107 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600945r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge regarding cellular fusion and nuclear reprogramming may aid in cell therapy strategies for skeletal muscle diseases. An issue with cell therapy approaches to restore dystrophin expression in muscular dystrophy is obtaining a sufficient quantity of cells that normally fuse with muscle. Here we conferred fusogenic activity without transdifferentiation to multiple non-muscle cell types and tested dystrophin restoration in mouse models of muscular dystrophy. We previously demonstrated that myomaker, a skeletal muscle-specific transmembrane protein necessary for myoblast fusion, is sufficient to fuse 10T 1/2 fibroblasts to myoblasts in vitro. Whether myomaker-mediated heterologous fusion is functional in vivo and whether the newly introduced nonmuscle nuclei undergoes nuclear reprogramming has not been investigated. We showed that mesenchymal stromal cells, cortical bone stem cells, and tail-tip fibroblasts fuse to skeletal muscle when they express myomaker. These cells restored dystrophin expression in a fraction of dystrophin-deficient myotubes after fusion in vitro. However, dystrophin restoration was not detected in vivo although nuclear reprogramming of the muscle-specific myosin light chain promoter did occur. Despite the lack of detectable dystrophin reprogramming by immunostaining, this study indicated that myomaker could be used in nonmuscle cells to induce fusion with muscle in vivo, thereby providing a platform to deliver therapeutic material.-Mitani, Y., Vagnozzi, R. J., Millay, D. P. In vivo myomaker-mediated heterologous fusion and nuclear reprogramming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Mitani
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Ronald J Vagnozzi
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Douglas P Millay
- Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Naldaiz-Gastesi N, Goicoechea M, Alonso-Martín S, Aiastui A, López-Mayorga M, García-Belda P, Lacalle J, San José C, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Trouilh L, Anton-Leberre V, Herrero D, Matheu A, Bernad A, García-Verdugo JM, Carvajal JJ, Relaix F, Lopez de Munain A, García-Parra P, Izeta A. Identification and Characterization of the Dermal Panniculus Carnosus Muscle Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2016; 7:411-424. [PMID: 27594590 PMCID: PMC5032673 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dermal Panniculus carnosus (PC) muscle is important for wound contraction in lower mammals and represents an interesting model of muscle regeneration due to its high cell turnover. The resident satellite cells (the bona fide muscle stem cells) remain poorly characterized. Here we analyzed PC satellite cells with regard to developmental origin and purported function. Lineage tracing shows that they originate in Myf5+, Pax3/Pax7+ cell populations. Skin and muscle wounding increased PC myofiber turnover, with the satellite cell progeny being involved in muscle regeneration but with no detectable contribution to the wound-bed myofibroblasts. Since hematopoietic stem cells fuse to PC myofibers in the absence of injury, we also studied the contribution of bone marrow-derived cells to the PC satellite cell compartment, demonstrating that cells of donor origin are capable of repopulating the PC muscle stem cell niche after irradiation and bone marrow transplantation but may not fully acquire the relevant myogenic commitment. PC satellite cells originate from Myf5+, Pax3/Pax7+ cell lineages Skin and muscle wounding increase PC myofiber turnover Donor bone marrow cells repopulate the PC satellite niche after BMT Dermis-derived myogenesis originates from the PC satellite cell population
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neia Naldaiz-Gastesi
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - María Goicoechea
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Sonia Alonso-Martín
- INSERM U955-E10, Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médicine, IMRB U955-E10, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Ana Aiastui
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Macarena López-Mayorga
- Molecular Embryology Team, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Paula García-Belda
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jaione Lacalle
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Carlos San José
- Animal Facility and Experimental Surgery, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Marcos J Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain
| | - Lidwine Trouilh
- INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Véronique Anton-Leberre
- INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, Université de Toulouse, 31077 Toulouse, France; INRA, UMR792, Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, 31400 Toulouse, France; CNRS, UMR5504, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - Diego Herrero
- Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao 48013, Spain; Cellular Oncology Group, Oncology Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Antonio Bernad
- Immunology and Oncology Department, Spanish National Center for Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - José Manuel García-Verdugo
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Laboratorio de Neurobiología Comparada, Instituto Cavanilles, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Jaime J Carvajal
- Molecular Embryology Team, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Sevilla 41013, Spain
| | - Frédéric Relaix
- INSERM U955-E10, Université Paris Est, Faculté de Médicine, IMRB U955-E10, Creteil 94000, France
| | - Adolfo Lopez de Munain
- Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain; Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, Department of Neurosciences, UPV-EHU, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
| | - Patricia García-Parra
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Neuroscience Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Ander Izeta
- Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Bioengineering Area, Instituto Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Tecnun-University of Navarra, San Sebastián 20009, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Demirayak B, Yüksel N, Çelik OS, Subaşı C, Duruksu G, Unal ZS, Yıldız DK, Karaöz E. Effect of bone marrow and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the natural course of corneal scarring after penetrating injury. Exp Eye Res 2016; 151:227-35. [PMID: 27567556 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2016.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigate and compare the efficacy of bone marrow- and adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in corneal wound healing. A penetrating injury was created in the right corneas of Wistar rats (n = 40). Ten microliters of phosphate-buffered solution (PBS) containing 2 × 10(5) green fluorescent protein (GFP) labeled bone-marrow-derived MSCs to group 1 (n = 15), 10 μl of PBS containing 2 × 10(5) GFP-labeled adipose-tissue-derived MSCs to group 2 (n = 15), 10 μl PBS was injected into anterior chamber in group 3 (n = 10, control). Corneal opacity scoring, in vivo confocal microscopy, and histopathological evaluation were done at the end of 8 weeks. Immunofluorescence sections were evaluated to detect transplanted cells. Immune staining was performed to measure the expression levels of keratocan, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) and CD34. The gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), the interleukin 6 receptor (IL-6R), interleukin 12b (IL-12b), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1) was measured on corneas. The establishment of stem cells in the corneas of the transplanted groups was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The expression of keratocan, ALDH, and CD34 increased in the transplanted groups (p < 0.05). The density of keratocytes increased significantly in both transplanted groups according to the in vivo confocal microscopy data (p < 0.05). The expression of TNF-α, IL-6R, and IL-12b decreased significantly in the transplanted groups (p < 0.05). Based on our findings, we consider that allogeneic stem cells facilitate the regeneration of corneal stroma and can be a cell source for stromal repopulation in diseased cornea.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bengi Demirayak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bakirkoy Dr. Sadi Konuk Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurşen Yüksel
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Onur Sinan Çelik
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Cansu Subaşı
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Duruksu
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Z Seda Unal
- Center for Stem Cell and Gene Therapies Research and Practice, Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Demir Kürşat Yıldız
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Erdal Karaöz
- Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research and Manufacturing, Liv Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Istinye University, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Muskiewicz KR, Frank NY, Flint AF, Gussoni E. Myogenic Potential of Muscle Side and Main Population Cells after Intravenous Injection into Sub-lethally IrradiatedmdxMice. J Histochem Cytochem 2016; 53:861-73. [PMID: 15995145 DOI: 10.1369/jhc.4a6573.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle side population (SP) cells have demonstrated hematopoietic and myogenic activities in vivo upon intravenous (IV) injection into lethally irradiated mdx mice. In contrast, muscle main population (MP) cells were unable to rescue the bone marrow of lethally irradiated mice and, consequently, their in vivo myogenic potential could not be assessed using this method. In the current study, muscle SP or MP cells derived from syngeneic wild-type male mice were delivered to sub-lethally irradiated mdx female mice by single or serial IV injections. Recipient mice were euthanized 12 weeks after transplantation at which time the quadriceps and diaphragm muscles were analyzed for the presence of donor-derived cells. Mice injected with 104muscle SP cells or with 106MP cells appeared to have similar numbers of dystrophin-positive myofibers containing fused donor nuclei. Analysis of the remaining tissue via real-time quantitative PCR indicated that mice injected with muscle SP cells had a higher percentage of donor-derived Y-DNA in the quadriceps than mice injected with MP cells, suggesting that muscle SP cells may be enriched for progenitors able to engraft dystrophic skeletal muscles from the circulation. Although the overall engraftment did not reach therapeutically significant levels, these results indicate that further optimization of cell delivery techniques may lead to improved efficacy of cell-mediated therapy using muscle SP cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Muskiewicz
- Division of Genetics, Program in Genomics, Children's Hospital Boston, 320 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Muscle Satellite Cells: Exploring the Basic Biology to Rule Them. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:1078686. [PMID: 27042182 PMCID: PMC4794588 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1078686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle is a postmitotic tissue with an enormous capacity to regenerate upon injury. This is accomplished by resident stem cells, named satellite cells, which were identified more than 50 years ago. Since their discovery, many researchers have been concentrating efforts to answer questions about their origin and role in muscle development, the way they contribute to muscle regeneration, and their potential to cell-based therapies. Satellite cells are maintained in a quiescent state and upon requirement are activated, proliferating, and fusing with other cells to form or repair myofibers. In addition, they are able to self-renew and replenish the stem pool. Every phase of satellite cell activity is highly regulated and orchestrated by many molecules and signaling pathways; the elucidation of players and mechanisms involved in satellite cell biology is of extreme importance, being the first step to expose the crucial points that could be modulated to extract the optimal response from these cells in therapeutic strategies. Here, we review the basic aspects about satellite cells biology and briefly discuss recent findings about therapeutic attempts, trying to raise questions about how basic biology could provide a solid scaffold to more successful use of these cells in clinics.
Collapse
|
38
|
Gavin KM, Gutman JA, Kohrt WM, Wei Q, Shea KL, Miller HL, Sullivan TM, Erickson PF, Helm KM, Acosta AS, Childs CR, Musselwhite E, Varella-Garcia M, Kelly K, Majka SM, Klemm DJ. De novo generation of adipocytes from circulating progenitor cells in mouse and human adipose tissue. FASEB J 2015; 30:1096-108. [PMID: 26581599 DOI: 10.1096/fj.15-278994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
White adipocytes in adults are typically derived from tissue resident mesenchymal progenitors. The recent identification of de novo production of adipocytes from bone marrow progenitor-derived cells in mice challenges this paradigm and indicates an alternative lineage specification that adipocytes exist. We hypothesized that alternative lineage specification of white adipocytes is also present in human adipose tissue. Bone marrow from transgenic mice in which luciferase expression is governed by the adipocyte-restricted adiponectin gene promoter was adoptively transferred to wild-type recipient mice. Light emission was quantitated in recipients by in vivo imaging and direct enzyme assay. Adipocytes were also obtained from human recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. DNA was isolated, and microsatellite polymorphisms were exploited to quantify donor/recipient chimerism. Luciferase emission was detected from major fat depots of transplanted mice. No light emission was observed from intestines, liver, or lungs. Up to 35% of adipocytes in humans were generated from donor marrow cells in the absence of cell fusion. Nontransplanted mice and stromal-vascular fraction samples were used as negative and positive controls for the mouse and human experiments, respectively. This study provides evidence for a nontissue resident origin of an adipocyte subpopulation in both mice and humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen M Gavin
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jonathan A Gutman
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wendy M Kohrt
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qi Wei
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karen L Shea
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Heidi L Miller
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Timothy M Sullivan
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Paul F Erickson
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karen M Helm
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Alistaire S Acosta
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Christine R Childs
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Evelyn Musselwhite
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marileila Varella-Garcia
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kimberly Kelly
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Susan M Majka
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Dwight J Klemm
- *Division of Geriatric Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, and Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Flow Cytometry Shared Resource, Molecular Pathology/Cytogenetics Shared Resource, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Charles C. Gates Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, and Colorado Obesity Research Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA; Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA; and Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and **Center for Stem Cell Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
La Colla A, Pronsato L, Milanesi L, Vasconsuelo A. 17β-Estradiol and testosterone in sarcopenia: Role of satellite cells. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:166-77. [PMID: 26247846 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The loss of muscle mass and strength with aging, referred to as sarcopenia, is a prevalent condition among the elderly. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying sarcopenia are unclear, evidence suggests that an age-related acceleration of myocyte loss via apoptosis might be responsible for muscle perfomance decline. Interestingly, sarcopenia has been associated to a deficit of sex hormones which decrease upon aging. The skeletal muscle ability to repair and regenerate itself would not be possible without satellite cells, a subpopulation of cells that remain quiescent throughout life. They are activated in response to stress, enabling them to guide skeletal muscle regeneration. Thus, these cells could be a key factor to overcome sarcopenia. Of importance, satellite cells are 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) targets. In this review, we summarize potential mechanisms through which these hormones regulate satellite cells activation during skeletal muscle regeneration in the elderly. The advance in its understanding will help to the development of potential therapeutic agents to alleviate and treat sarcopenia and other related myophaties.
Collapse
|
40
|
Mahajan V, Gaymalov Z, Alakhova D, Gupta R, Zucker IH, Kabanov AV. Horizontal gene transfer from macrophages to ischemic muscles upon delivery of naked DNA with Pluronic block copolymers. Biomaterials 2015; 75:58-70. [PMID: 26480472 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Intramuscular administration of plasmid DNA (pDNA) with non-ionic Pluronic block copolymers increases gene expression in injected muscles and lymphoid organs. We studied the role of immune cells in muscle transfection upon inflammation. Local inflammation in murine hind limb ischemia model (MHLIM) drastically increased DNA, RNA and expressed protein levels in ischemic muscles injected with pDNA/Pluronic. The systemic inflammation (MHLIM or peritonitis) also increased expression of pDNA/Pluronic in the muscles. When pDNA/Pluronic was injected in ischemic muscles the reporter gene, Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) co-localized with desmin(+) muscle fibers and CD11b(+) macrophages (MØs), suggesting transfection of MØs along with the muscle cells. P85 enhanced (∼ 4 orders) transfection of MØs with pDNA in vitro. Moreover, adoptively transferred MØs were shown to pass the transgene to inflamed muscle cells in MHLIM. Using a co-culture of myotubes (MTs) and transfected MØs expressing a reporter gene under constitutive (cmv-luciferase) or muscle specific (desmin-luciferase) promoter we demonstrated that P85 enhances horizontal gene transfer from MØ to MTs. Therefore, MØs can play an important role in muscle transfection with pDNA/Pluronic during inflammation, with both inflammation and Pluronic contributing to the increased gene expression. pDNA/Pluronic has potential for therapeutic gene delivery in muscle pathologies that involve inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Mahajan
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Zagit Gaymalov
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Daria Alakhova
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Richa Gupta
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Irving H Zucker
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA
| | - Alexander V Kabanov
- Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Drug Delivery and Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5850, USA; Laboratory of Chemical Design of Bionanomaterials, Faculty of Chemistry, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119899 Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Cao J, Zhang H, Chen M, Wang L, Zhang C. Long-term engraftment of myogenic progenitors from adipose-derived stem cells and muscle regeneration in dystrophic mice. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:6029-40. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
42
|
Abstract
Current cell therapies, despite all of the progress in this field, still faces major ethical, technical and regulatory hurdles. Because these issues possibly stem from the current, restricted, stereotypical view of cell ultrastructure and function, we must think radically about the nature of the cell. In this regard, the author's theory of the cell memory disc offers ‘memory-based therapy’, which, with the help of immune system rejuvenation, nervous system control and microparticle-based biodrugs, may have substantial therapeutic potential. In addition to its potential value in the study and prevention of premature cell aging, age-related diseases and cell death, memory therapy may improve the treatment of diseases that are currently limited by genetic disorders, risk of tumour formation and the availability and immunocompatibility of tissue transplants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hadi Anjamrooz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sankavaram SR, Svensson MA, Olsson T, Brundin L, Johansson CB. Cell Fusion along the Anterior-Posterior Neuroaxis in Mice with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. PLoS One 2015. [PMID: 26207625 PMCID: PMC4514791 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is well documented that bone marrow-derived cells can fuse with a diverse range of cells, including brain cells, under normal or pathological conditions. Inflammation leads to robust fusion of bone marrow-derived cells with Purkinje cells and the formation of binucleate heterokaryons in the cerebellum. Heterokaryons form through the fusion of two developmentally differential cells and as a result contain two distinct nuclei without subsequent nuclear or chromosome loss. Aim In the brain, fusion of bone marrow-derived cells appears to be restricted to the complex and large Purkinje cells, raising the question whether the size of the recipient cell is important for cell fusion in the central nervous system. Purkinje cells are among the largest neurons in the central nervous system and accordingly can harbor two nuclei. Results Using a well-characterized model for heterokaryon formation in the cerebellum (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis - a mouse model of multiple sclerosis), we report for the first time that green fluorescent protein-labeled bone marrow-derived cells can fuse and form heterokaryons with spinal cord motor neurons. These spinal cord heterokaryons are predominantly located in or adjacent to an active or previously active inflammation site, demonstrating that inflammation and infiltration of immune cells are key for cell fusion in the central nervous system. While some motor neurons were found to contain two nuclei, co-expressing green fluorescent protein and the neuronal marker, neuron-specific nuclear protein, a number of small interneurons also co-expressed green fluorescent protein and the neuronal marker, neuron-specific nuclear protein. These small heterokaryons were scattered in the gray matter of the spinal cord. Conclusion This novel finding expands the repertoire of neurons that can form heterokaryons with bone marrow-derived cells in the central nervous system, albeit in low numbers, possibly leading to a novel therapy for spinal cord motor neurons or other neurons that are compromised in the central nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasa R. Sankavaram
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael A. Svensson
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lou Brundin
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clas B. Johansson
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Public Dental Service at Gällö, Jämtland Härjedalen County Council, Gällö, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Ogawa M, LaRue AC, Mehrotra M. Plasticity of hematopoietic stem cells. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2015; 28:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
45
|
Garg K, Ward CL, Corona BT. Asynchronous inflammation and myogenic cell migration limit muscle tissue regeneration mediated by a cellular scaffolds. INFLAMMATION AND CELL SIGNALING 2015; 1. [PMID: 26949720 DOI: 10.14800/ics.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) following orthopaedic trauma results in chronic loss of strength and can contribute to disability. Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine approaches to regenerate the lost skeletal muscle and improve functional outcomes are currently under development. At the forefront of these efforts, decellularized extracellular matrices (ECMs) have reached clinical testing and provide the foundation for other approaches that include stem/progenitor cell delivery. ECMs have been demonstrated to possess many qualities to initiate regeneration, to include stem cell chemotaxis and pro-regenerative macrophage polarization. However, the majority of observations indicate that ECM-repair of VML does not promote appreciable muscle fiber regeneration. In a recent study, ECM-repair of VML was compared to classical muscle fiber regeneration (Garg et al., 2014, Cell & Tissue Research) mediated by autologous minced grafts. The most salient findings of this study were: 1) Satellite cells did not migrate into the scaffold beyond ~0.5 mm from the remaining host tissue, although other migratory stem cells (Sca-1+) were observed throughout the scaffold;2) Macrophage migration to the scaffold was over two-times that observed with muscle grafts, but they appeared to be less active, as gene expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-12, IL-4, IL-10, VEGF, and TGF-β1) was significantly reduced in scaffold-repaired muscles; And, 3) scaffolds did not promote appreciable muscle fiber regeneration. Collectively, these data suggest that the events following ECM transplantation in VML are either incongruous or asynchronous with classical muscle fiber regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Koyal Garg
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, USA; University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology, USA
| | - Catherine L Ward
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, USA
| | - Benjamin T Corona
- United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, USA
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ward CL, Ji L, Corona BT. An Autologous Muscle Tissue Expansion Approach for the Treatment of Volumetric Muscle Loss. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:198-208. [PMID: 26309796 PMCID: PMC4497650 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2015.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) is a hallmark of orthopedic trauma with no current standard of care. As a potential therapy for some VML indications, autologous minced muscle grafts (1 mm(3) pieces of muscle) are effective in promoting remarkable de novo fiber regeneration. But they require ample donor muscle tissue and therefore may be limited in their application for large clinical VML. Here, we tested the hypothesis that autologous minced grafts may be volume expanded in a collagen hydrogel, allowing for the use of lesser autologous muscle while maintaining regenerative and functional efficacy. The results of the study indicate that 50% (but not 75%) less minced graft tissue suspended in a collagen hydrogel promoted a functional improvement similar to that of a 100% minced graft repair. However, approximately half of the number of fibers regenerated de novo with 50% graft repair. Moreover, the fibers that regenerated had a smaller cross-sectional area. These findings support the concept of using autologous minced grafts for the regeneration of muscle tissue after VML, but indicate the need to identify optimal carrier materials for expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L. Ward
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Lisa Ji
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin T. Corona
- US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Extremity Trauma and Regenerative Medicine, Fort Sam Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Abstract
Skeletal muscles in vertebrates have a phenomenal regenerative capacity. A muscle that has been crushed can regenerate fully both structurally and functionally within a month. Remarkably, efficient regeneration continues to occur following repeated injuries. Thousands of muscle precursor cells are needed to accomplish regeneration following acute injury. The differentiated muscle cells, the multinucleated contractile myofibers, are terminally withdrawn from mitosis. The source of the regenerative precursors is the skeletal muscle stem cells-the mononucleated cells closely associated with myofibers, which are known as satellite cells. Satellite cells are mitotically quiescent or slow-cycling, committed to myogenesis, but undifferentiated. Disruption of the niche after muscle damage results in their exit from quiescence and progression towards commitment. They eventually arrest proliferation, differentiate, and fuse to damaged myofibers or make de novo myofibers. Satellite cells are one of the well-studied adult tissue-specific stem cells and have served as an excellent model for investigating adult stem cells. They have also emerged as an important standard in the field of ageing and stem cells. Several recent reviews have highlighted the importance of these cells as a model to understand stem cell biology. This chapter begins with the discovery of satellite cells as skeletal muscle stem cells and their developmental origin. We discuss transcription factors and signalling cues governing stem cell function of satellite cells and heterogeneity in the satellite cell pool. Apart from satellite cells, a number of other stem cells have been shown to make muscle and are being considered as candidate stem cells for amelioration of muscle degenerative diseases. We discuss these "offbeat" muscle stem cells and their status as adult skeletal muscle stem cells vis-a-vis satellite cells. The ageing context is highlighted in the concluding section.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramkumar Sambasivan
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK, Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560065, India,
| | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Andrade BM, Baldanza MR, Ribeiro KC, Porto A, Peçanha R, Fortes FSA, Zapata-Sudo G, Campos-de-Carvalho AC, Goldenberg RCS, Werneck-de-Castro JP. Bone marrow mesenchymal cells improve muscle function in a skeletal muscle re-injury model. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127561. [PMID: 26039243 PMCID: PMC4454438 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle injury is the most common problem in orthopedic and sports medicine, and severe injury leads to fibrosis and muscle dysfunction. Conventional treatment for successive muscle injury is currently controversial, although new therapies, like cell therapy, seem to be promise. We developed a model of successive injuries in rat to evaluate the therapeutic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMMC) injected directly into the injured muscle. Functional and histological assays were performed 14 and 28 days after the injury protocol by isometric tension recording and picrosirius/Hematoxilin & Eosin staining, respectively. We also evaluated the presence and the fate of BMMC on treated muscles; and muscle fiber regeneration. BMMC treatment increased maximal skeletal muscle contraction 14 and 28 days after muscle injury compared to non-treated group (4.5 ± 1.7 vs 2.5 ± 0.98 N/cm2, p<0.05 and 8.4 ± 2.3 vs. 5.7 ± 1.3 N/cm2, p<0.05 respectively). Furthermore, BMMC treatment increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area and the presence of mature muscle fiber 28 days after muscle injury. However, there was no difference in collagen deposition between groups. Immunoassays for cytoskeleton markers of skeletal and smooth muscle cells revealed an apparent integration of the BMMC within the muscle. These data suggest that BMMC transplantation accelerates and improves muscle function recovery in our extensive muscle re-injury model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno M. Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Marcelo R. Baldanza
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Karla C. Ribeiro
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Anderson Porto
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ramon Peçanha
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Fabio S. A. Fortes
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gisele Zapata-Sudo
- Departamento de Farmacologia Básica e Clínica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Bloco J, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Antonio C. Campos-de-Carvalho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Regina C. S. Goldenberg
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - João Pedro Werneck-de-Castro
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho e Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Yanai H, Taniguchi T. Nucleic acid sensing and beyond: virtues and vices of high-mobility group box 1. J Intern Med 2014; 276:444-53. [PMID: 25041239 DOI: 10.1111/joim.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was first described as an architectural chromatin-binding protein. Today, a wealth of evidence indicates that this protein is very versatile and serves an amazing assortment of roles in the nucleus, cytoplasm and extracellular milieu. As a result, HMGB1 is fast becoming recognized as a key regulator of protective and pathological immune responses. Whilst acknowledging the many functions of HMGB1 and its family members, we focus this review on their role as broad effectors of immune responses mediated by nucleic acids. In addition, we touch upon the recent progress in determining the in vivo role of HMGB1 as revealed by the study of mice conditionally null for the Hmgb1 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Yanai
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Institute of Industrial Science, Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Core Research for Evolution Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hnia K, Ramspacher C, Vermot J, Laporte J. Desmin in muscle and associated diseases: beyond the structural function. Cell Tissue Res 2014; 360:591-608. [PMID: 25358400 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-014-2016-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Desmin is a muscle-specific type III intermediate filament essential for proper muscular structure and function. In human, mutations affecting desmin expression or promoting its aggregation lead to skeletal (desmin-related myopathies), or cardiac (desmin-related cardiomyopathy) phenotypes, or both. Patient muscles display intracellular accumulations of misfolded proteins and desmin-positive insoluble granulofilamentous aggregates, leading to a large spectrum of molecular alterations. Increasing evidence shows that desmin function is not limited to the structural and mechanical integrity of cells. This novel perception is strongly supported by the finding that diseases featuring desmin aggregates cannot be easily associated with mechanical defects, but rather involve desmin filaments in a broader spectrum of functions, such as in organelle positioning and integrity and in signaling. Here, we review desmin functions and related diseases affecting striated muscles. We detail emergent cellular functions of desmin based on reported phenotypes in patients and animal models. We discuss known desmin protein partners and propose an overview of the way that this molecular network could serve as a signal transduction platform necessary for proper muscle function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Hnia
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France,
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|