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Han X, Maharjan S, Chen J, Zhao Y, Qi Y, White LE, Johnson GA, Wang N. High-resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and spatial-transcriptomic in developing mouse brain. Neuroimage 2024; 297:120734. [PMID: 39032791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Brain development is a highly complex process regulated by numerous genes at the molecular and cellular levels. Brain tissue exhibits serial microstructural changes during the development process. High-resolution diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) affords a unique opportunity to probe these changes in the developing brain non-destructively. In this study, we acquired multi-shell dMRI datasets at 32 µm isotropic resolution to investigate the tissue microstructure alterations, which we believe to be the highest spatial resolution dMRI datasets obtained for postnatal mouse brains. We adapted the Allen Developing Mouse Brain Atlas (ADMBA) to integrate quantitative MRI metrics and spatial transcriptomics. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) metrics were used to quantify brain development at different postnatal days. We demonstrated that the differential evolutions of fiber orientation distributions contribute to the distinct development patterns in white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM). Furthermore, the genes enriched in the nervous system that regulate brain structure and function were expressed in spatial correlation with age-matched dMRI. This study is the first one providing high-resolution dMRI, including DTI, DKI, and NODDI models, to trace mouse brain microstructural changes in WM and GM during postnatal development. This study also highlighted the genotype-phenotype correlation of spatial transcriptomics and dMRI, which may improve our understanding of brain microstructure changes at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Han
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Surendra Maharjan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yi Qi
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Leonard E White
- Department of Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - G Allan Johnson
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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2
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Paus T. Development and Maturation of the Human Brain, from Infancy to Adolescence. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39138744 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
This chapter describes basic principles and key findings regarding the development and maturation of the human brain, the former referring to the pre-natal and early post-natal periods and the latter concerning childhood and adolescence. In both cases, we focus on brain structure as revealed in vivo with multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We begin with a few numbers about the human brain and its cellular composition and a brief overview of a number of MRI-based metrics used to characterize age-related variations in grey and white matter. We then proceed with synthesizing current knowledge about developmental and maturational changes in the cerebral cortex (its thickness, surface area, and intra-cortical myelination) and the underlying white matter (volume and structural properties). To facilitate biological interpretations of MRI-derived metrics, we introduce the concept of virtual histology. We conclude the chapter with a few notes about future directions in the study of factors shaping the human brain from conception onwards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Paus
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, University of Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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3
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Yoon JH, Lee H, Kwon D, Lee D, Lee S, Cho E, Kim J, Kim D. Integrative approach of omics and imaging data to discover new insights for understanding brain diseases. Brain Commun 2024; 6:fcae265. [PMID: 39165479 PMCID: PMC11334939 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcae265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Treatments that can completely resolve brain diseases have yet to be discovered. Omics is a novel technology that allows researchers to understand the molecular pathways underlying brain diseases. Multiple omics, including genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics, and brain imaging technologies, such as MRI, PET and EEG, have contributed to brain disease-related therapeutic target detection. However, new treatment discovery remains challenging. We focused on establishing brain multi-molecular maps using an integrative approach of omics and imaging to provide insights into brain disease diagnosis and treatment. This approach requires precise data collection using omics and imaging technologies, data processing and normalization. Incorporating a brain molecular map with the advanced technologies through artificial intelligence will help establish a system for brain disease diagnosis and treatment through regulation at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyuk Yoon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hagyeong Lee
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Kwon
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongha Lee
- Cognitive Science Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulah Lee
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Cho
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Dayea Kim
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea
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Yablonski M, Zhou Z, Cao X, Schauman S, Liao C, Setsompop K, Yeatman JD. Fast and reliable quantitative measures of white matter development with magnetic resonance fingerprinting. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.26.600735. [PMID: 38979185 PMCID: PMC11230456 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.26.600735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Developmental cognitive neuroscience aims to shed light on evolving relationships between brain structure and cognitive development. To this end, quantitative methods that reliably measure individual differences in brain tissue properties are fundamental. Standard qualitative MRI sequences are influenced by scan parameters and hardware-related biases, and also lack physical units, making the analysis of individual differences problematic. In contrast, quantitative MRI can measure physical properties of the tissue but with the cost of long scan durations and sensitivity to motion. This poses a critical limitation for studying young children. Here, we examine the reliability and validity of an efficient quantitative multiparameter mapping method - Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) - in children scanned longitudinally. We focus on T1 values in white matter, since quantitative T1 values are known to primarily reflect myelin content, a key factor in brain development. Forty-nine children aged 8-13y (mean 10.3y ±1.4) completed two scanning sessions 2-4 months apart. In each session, two 2-minute 3D-MRF scans at 1mm isotropic resolution were collected to evaluate the effect of scan duration on image quality and scan-rescan reliability. A separate calibration scan was used to measure B0 inhomogeneity and correct for bias. We examined the impact of scan time and B0 inhomogeneity correction on scan-rescan reliability of values in white matter, by comparing single 2-min and combined two 2-min scans, with and without B0-correction. Whole-brain voxel-based reliability analysis showed that combining two 2-min MRF scans improved reliability (pearson's r=0.87) compared with a single 2-min scan (r=0.84), while B0-correction had no effect on reliability in white matter (r=0.86 and 0.83 4-min vs 2-min). Using diffusion tractography, we delineated MRF-derived T1 profiles along major white matter fiber tracts and found similar or higher reliability for T1 from MRF compared to diffusion parameters (based on a 10-minute dMRI scan). Lastly, we found that T1 values in multiple white matter tracts were significantly correlated with age. In sum, MRF-derived T1 values were highly reliable in a longitudinal sample of children and replicated known age effects. Reliability in white matter was improved by longer scan duration but was not affected by B0-correction, making it a quick and straightforward scan to collect. We propose that MRF provides a promising avenue for acquiring quantitative brain metrics in children and patient populations where scan time and motion are of particular concern.
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Malik MA, Weber AM, Lang D, Vanderwal T, Zwicker JG. Changes in cortical grey matter volume with Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance intervention in children with developmental coordination disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1316117. [PMID: 38841123 PMCID: PMC11150831 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1316117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a cognitive-based, task-specific intervention recommended for children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). We recently showed structural and functional brain changes after CO-OP, including increased cerebellar grey matter. This study aimed to determine whether CO-OP intervention induced changes in cortical grey matter volume in children with DCD, and if these changes were associated with improvements in motor performance and movement quality. Methods This study is part of a randomized waitlist-control trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751). Children with DCD (N = 78) were randomized to either a treatment or waitlist group and underwent three MRIs over 6 months. The treatment group received intervention (once weekly for 10 weeks) between the first and second scan; the waitlist group received intervention between the second and third scan. Cortical grey matter volume was measured using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Behavioral outcome measures included the Performance Quality Rating Scale (PQRS) and Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2). Of the 78 children, 58 were excluded (mostly due to insufficient data quality), leaving a final N = 20 for analyses. Due to the small sample size, we combined both groups to examine treatment effects. Cortical grey matter volume differences were assessed using a repeated measures ANOVA, controlling for total intracranial volume. Regression analyses examined the relationship of grey matter volume changes to BOT-2 (motor performance) and PQRS (movement quality). Results After CO-OP, children had significantly decreased grey matter in the right superior frontal gyrus and middle/posterior cingulate gyri. We found no significant associations of grey matter volume changes with PQRS or BOT-2 scores. Conclusion Decreased cortical grey matter volume generally reflects greater brain maturity. Decreases in grey matter volume after CO-OP intervention were in regions associated with self-regulation and motor control, consistent with our other studies. Decreased grey matter volume may be due to focal increases in synaptic pruning, perhaps as a result of strengthening networks in the brain via the repeated learning and actions in therapy. Findings from this study add to the growing body of literature demonstrating positive neuroplastic changes in the brain after CO-OP intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrah Anum Malik
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Mark Weber
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara Vanderwal
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, and Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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6
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Malik M, Weber A, Lang D, Vanderwal T, Zwicker JG. Cortical grey matter volume differences in children with developmental coordination disorder compared to typically developing children. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1276057. [PMID: 38826616 PMCID: PMC11140146 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1276057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cause of Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is unknown, but neuroimaging evidence suggests that DCD may be related to altered brain development. Children with DCD show less structural and functional connectivity compared to typically developing (TD) children, but few studies have examined cortical volume in children with DCD. The purpose of this study was to investigate cortical grey matter volume using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) in children with DCD compared to TD children. Methods This cross-sectional study was part of a larger randomized-controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02597751) that involved various MRI scans of children with/without DCD. This paper focuses on the anatomical scans, performing VBM of cortical grey matter volume in 30 children with DCD and 12 TD children. Preprocessing and VBM data analysis were conducted using the Computational Anatomy Tool Box-12 and a study-specific brain template. Differences between DCD and TD groups were assessed using a one-way ANOVA, controlling for total intracranial volume. Regression analyses examined if motor and/or attentional difficulties predicted grey matter volume. We used threshold-free cluster enhancement (5,000 permutations) and set an alpha level of 0.05. Due to the small sample size, we did not correct for multiple comparisons. Results Compared to the TD group, children with DCD had significantly greater grey matter in the left superior frontal gyrus. Lower motor scores (meaning greater impairment) were related to greater grey matter volume in left superior frontal gyrus, frontal pole, and right middle frontal gyrus. Greater grey matter volume was also significantly correlated with higher scores on the Conners 3 ADHD Index in the left superior frontal gyrus, superior parietal lobe, and precuneus. These results indicate that greater grey matter volume in these regions is associated with poorer motor and attentional skills. Discussion Greater grey matter volume in the left superior frontal gyrus in children with DCD may be a result of delayed or absent healthy cortical thinning, potentially due to altered synaptic pruning as seen in other neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings provide further support for the hypothesis that DCD is related to altered brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrah Malik
- Graduate Programs in Rehabilitation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alexander Weber
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Donna Lang
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Tamara Vanderwal
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jill G. Zwicker
- Brain, Behaviour, & Development Theme, BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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7
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Islam R, White JD, Arefin TM, Mehta S, Liu X, Polis B, Giuliano L, Ahmed S, Bowers C, Zhang J, Kaffman A. Early adversity causes sex-specific deficits in perforant pathway connectivity and contextual memory in adolescent mice. Biol Sex Differ 2024; 15:39. [PMID: 38715106 PMCID: PMC11075329 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-024-00616-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early life adversity impairs hippocampal development and function across diverse species. While initial evidence indicated potential variations between males and females, further research is required to validate these observations and better understand the underlying mechanisms contributing to these sex differences. Furthermore, most of the preclinical work in rodents was performed in adult males, with only few studies examining sex differences during adolescence when such differences appear more pronounced. To address these concerns, we investigated the impact of limited bedding (LB), a mouse model of early adversity, on hippocampal development in prepubescent and adolescent male and female mice. METHODS RNA sequencing, confocal microscopy, and electron microscopy were used to evaluate the impact of LB and sex on hippocampal development in prepubescent postnatal day 17 (P17) mice. Additional studies were conducted on adolescent mice aged P29-36, which included contextual fear conditioning, retrograde tracing, and ex vivo diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI). RESULTS More severe deficits in axonal innervation and myelination were found in the perforant pathway of prepubescent and adolescent LB males compared to LB female littermates. These sex differences were due to a failure of reelin-positive neurons located in the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) to innervate the dorsal hippocampus via the perforant pathway in males, but not LB females, and were strongly correlated with deficits in contextual fear conditioning. CONCLUSIONS LB impairs the capacity of reelin-positive cells located in the LEC to project and innervate the dorsal hippocampus in LB males but not female LB littermates. Given the critical role that these projections play in supporting normal hippocampal function, a failure to establish proper connectivity between the LEC and the dorsal hippocampus provides a compelling and novel mechanism to explain the more severe deficits in myelination and contextual freezing found in adolescent LB males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafiad Islam
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jordon D White
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Tanzil M Arefin
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for Neurotechnology in Mental Health Research (CNMHR), The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Sameet Mehta
- Yale Center for Genomic Analysis, P.O. Box 27386, West Haven, CT, 06516-7386, USA
| | - Xinran Liu
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, SHM IE26, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Electron Microscopy Core Facility, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Baruh Polis
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Lauryn Giuliano
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Sahabuddin Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Christian Bowers
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jiangyang Zhang
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Arie Kaffman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George Street, Suite 901, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
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Paus T. Population Neuroscience: Principles and Advances. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38589637 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2024_474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In population neuroscience, three disciplines come together to advance our knowledge of factors that shape the human brain: neuroscience, genetics, and epidemiology (Paus, Human Brain Mapping 31:891-903, 2010). Here, I will come back to some of the background material reviewed in more detail in our previous book (Paus, Population Neuroscience, 2013), followed by a brief overview of current advances and challenges faced by this integrative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Paus
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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9
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Elias GJB, Germann J, Joel SE, Li N, Horn A, Boutet A, Lozano AM. A large normative connectome for exploring the tractographic correlates of focal brain interventions. Sci Data 2024; 11:353. [PMID: 38589407 PMCID: PMC11002007 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI) is a widely used neuroimaging modality that permits the in vivo exploration of white matter connections in the human brain. Normative structural connectomics - the application of large-scale, group-derived dMRI datasets to out-of-sample cohorts - have increasingly been leveraged to study the network correlates of focal brain interventions, insults, and other regions-of-interest (ROIs). Here, we provide a normative, whole-brain connectome in MNI space that enables researchers to interrogate fiber streamlines that are likely perturbed by given ROIs, even in the absence of subject-specific dMRI data. Assembled from multi-shell dMRI data of 985 healthy Human Connectome Project subjects using generalized Q-sampling imaging and multispectral normalization techniques, this connectome comprises ~12 million unique streamlines, the largest to date. It has already been utilized in at least 18 peer-reviewed publications, most frequently in the context of neuromodulatory interventions like deep brain stimulation and focused ultrasound. Now publicly available, this connectome will constitute a useful tool for understanding the wider impact of focal brain perturbations on white matter architecture going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin J B Elias
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jürgen Germann
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application (CRANIA), University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Ningfei Li
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Horn
- Department of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Einstein Center for Neurosciences Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Alexandre Boutet
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
- Krembil Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
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10
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Kelly CE, Thompson DK, Adamson CL, Ball G, Dhollander T, Beare R, Matthews LG, Alexander B, Cheong JLY, Doyle LW, Anderson PJ, Inder TE. Cortical growth from infancy to adolescence in preterm and term-born children. Brain 2024; 147:1526-1538. [PMID: 37816305 PMCID: PMC10994536 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Early life experiences can exert a significant influence on cortical and cognitive development. Very preterm birth exposes infants to several adverse environmental factors during hospital admission, which affect cortical architecture. However, the subsequent consequence of very preterm birth on cortical growth from infancy to adolescence has never been defined; despite knowledge of critical periods during childhood for establishment of cortical networks. Our aims were to: chart typical longitudinal cortical development and sex differences in cortical development from birth to adolescence in healthy term-born children; estimate differences in cortical development between children born at term and very preterm; and estimate differences in cortical development between children with normal and impaired cognition in adolescence. This longitudinal cohort study included children born at term (≥37 weeks' gestation) and very preterm (<30 weeks' gestation) with MRI scans at ages 0, 7 and 13 years (n = 66 term-born participants comprising 34 with one scan, 18 with two scans and 14 with three scans; n = 201 very preterm participants comprising 56 with one scan, 88 with two scans and 57 with three scans). Cognitive assessments were performed at age 13 years. Cortical surface reconstruction and parcellation were performed with state-of-the-art, equivalent MRI analysis pipelines for all time points, resulting in longitudinal cortical volume, surface area and thickness measurements for 62 cortical regions. Developmental trajectories for each region were modelled in term-born children, contrasted between children born at term and very preterm, and contrasted between all children with normal and impaired cognition. In typically developing term-born children, we documented anticipated patterns of rapidly increasing cortical volume, area and thickness in early childhood, followed by more subtle changes in later childhood, with smaller cortical size in females than males. In contrast, children born very preterm exhibited increasingly reduced cortical volumes, relative to term-born children, particularly during ages 0-7 years in temporal cortical regions. This reduction in cortical volume in children born very preterm was largely driven by increasingly reduced cortical thickness rather than area. This resulted in amplified cortical volume and thickness reductions by age 13 years in individuals born very preterm. Alterations in cortical thickness development were found in children with impaired language and memory. This study shows that the neurobiological impact of very preterm birth on cortical growth is amplified from infancy to adolescence. These data further inform the long-lasting impact on cortical development from very preterm birth, providing broader insights into neurodevelopmental consequences of early life experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Kelly
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Deanne K Thompson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Chris L Adamson
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Gareth Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Thijs Dhollander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Richard Beare
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- National Centre for Healthy Ageing and Peninsula Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Lillian G Matthews
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bonnie Alexander
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Newborn Research, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Newborn Research, The Royal Women’s Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS), Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Terrie E Inder
- Center for Neonatal Research, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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11
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Cooper R, Hayes RA, Corcoran M, Sheth KN, Arnold TC, Stein JM, Glahn DC, Jalbrzikowski M. Bridging the gap: improving correspondence between low-field and high-field magnetic resonance images in young people. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1339223. [PMID: 38585353 PMCID: PMC10995930 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1339223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Portable low-field-strength magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems represent a promising alternative to traditional high-field-strength systems with the potential to make MR technology available at scale in low-resource settings. However, lower image quality and resolution may limit the research and clinical potential of these devices. We tested two super-resolution methods to enhance image quality in a low-field MR system and compared their correspondence with images acquired from a high-field system in a sample of young people. Methods T1- and T2-weighted structural MR images were obtained from a low-field (64mT) Hyperfine and high-field (3T) Siemens system in N = 70 individuals (mean age = 20.39 years, range 9-26 years). We tested two super-resolution approaches to improve image correspondence between images acquired at high- and low-field: (1) processing via a convolutional neural network ('SynthSR'), and (2) multi-orientation image averaging. We extracted brain region volumes, cortical thickness, and cortical surface area estimates. We used Pearson correlations to test the correspondence between these measures, and Steiger Z tests to compare the difference in correspondence between standard imaging and super-resolution approaches. Results Single pairs of T1- and T2-weighted images acquired at low field showed high correspondence to high-field-strength images for estimates of total intracranial volume, surface area cortical volume, subcortical volume, and total brain volume (r range = 0.60-0.88). Correspondence was lower for cerebral white matter volume (r = 0.32, p = 0.007, q = 0.009) and non-significant for mean cortical thickness (r = -0.05, p = 0.664, q = 0.664). Processing images with SynthSR yielded significant improvements in correspondence for total brain volume, white matter volume, total surface area, subcortical volume, cortical volume, and total intracranial volume (r range = 0.85-0.97), with the exception of global mean cortical thickness (r = 0.14). An alternative multi-orientation image averaging approach improved correspondence for cerebral white matter and total brain volume. Processing with SynthSR also significantly improved correspondence across widespread regions for estimates of cortical volume, surface area and subcortical volume, as well as within isolated prefrontal and temporal regions for estimates of cortical thickness. Conclusion Applying super-resolution approaches to low-field imaging improves regional brain volume and surface area accuracy in young people. Finer-scale brain measurements, such as cortical thickness, remain challenging with the limited resolution of low-field systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Cooper
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rebecca A. Hayes
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mary Corcoran
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kevin N. Sheth
- Center for Brain and Mind Health, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Thomas Campbell Arnold
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joel M. Stein
- Center for Neuroengineering and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - David C. Glahn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford, CT, United States
| | - Maria Jalbrzikowski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Mair A, Song CI, Büki B, Ward BK. Patterns of Signal Intensity in CISS MRI of the Inner Ear and Eye. Tomography 2024; 10:203-214. [PMID: 38393284 PMCID: PMC10893097 DOI: 10.3390/tomography10020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Constructive interference in steady state (CISS) is a gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pulse sequence that provides excellent contrast between cerebrospinal fluid and adjacent structures but is prone to banding artifacts due to magnetic field inhomogeneities. We aimed to characterize artifacts in the inner ear and eye. METHODS In 30 patients (60 ears/eyes) undergoing CISS sequence MRI, nine low-signal intensity regions were identified in the inner ear and compared to temporal bone histopathology. The number and angle of bands across the eye were examined. RESULTS In the cochlea, all ears had regions of low signal corresponding to anatomy (modiolus (all), spiral lamina (n = 59, 98.3%), and interscalar septa (n = 50, 83.3%)). In the labyrinth, the lateral semicircular canal crista (n = 42, 70%) and utricular macula (n = 47, 78.3%) were seen. Areas of low signal in the vestibule seen in all ears may represent the walls of the membranous utricle. Zero to three banding artifacts were seen in both eyes (right: 96.7%, mean 1.5; left: 93.3%, mean 1.3). CONCLUSION Low signal regions in the inner ear on CISS sequences are common and have consistent patterns; most in the inner ear represent anatomy, appearing blurred due to partial volume averaging. Banding artifacts in the eye are more variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Mair
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.M.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Christopher I. Song
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.M.); (C.I.S.)
| | - Bela Büki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Karl Landsteiner University Hospital Krems, Mitterweg 10, A-3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Bryan K. Ward
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.M.); (C.I.S.)
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13
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Khan MSI, Jelinek HF. Point of Care Testing (POCT) in Psychopathology Using Fractal Analysis and Hilbert Huang Transform of Electroencephalogram (EEG). ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 36:693-715. [PMID: 38468059 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-47606-8_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Research has shown that relying only on self-reports for diagnosing psychiatric disorders does not yield accurate results at all times. The advances of technology as well as artificial intelligence and other machine learning algorithms have allowed the introduction of point of care testing (POCT) including EEG characterization and correlations with possible psychopathology. Nonlinear methods of EEG analysis have significant advantages over linear methods. Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is a reliable nonlinear method of EEG pre-processing. In this chapter, we compare two existing EEG complexity measures - Higuchi fractal dimension (HFD) and sample entropy (SE), with our newly proposed method using Higuchi fractal dimension from the Hilbert Huang transform (HFD-HHT). We present an example using the three complexity measures on a 2-minute EEG recorded from a healthy 20-year-old male after signal pre-processing. Furthermore, we showed the usefulness of these complexity measures in the classification of major depressive disorder (MDD) with healthy controls. Our study is in line with previous research and has shown an increase in HFD and SE values in the full, alpha and beta frequency bands suggestive of an increase in EEG irregularity. Moreover, the HFD-HHT values decreased in those three bands for majority of electrodes which is suggestive of a decrease in irregularity in the frequency-time domain. We conclude that all three complexity measures can be vital features useful for EEG analysis which could be incorporated in POCT systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Medical Sciences and Biotechnology Center, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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14
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Zhang C, Zhu DM, Zhang Y, Chen T, Liu S, Chen J, Cai H, Zhu J, Yu Y. Neural substrates underlying REM sleep duration in patients with major depressive disorder: A longitudinal study combining multimodal MRI data. J Affect Disord 2024; 344:546-553. [PMID: 37848093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.10.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prior studies have discussed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep disturbance as a potential endophenotype of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the neural substrates underlying the percentage of REM sleep duration (REM%) and its association with disease progression in MDD remain unclear. METHODS One hundred and fourteen MDD patients and 74 healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans as well as overnight polysomnography examination to assess brain function and REM%, with 48 patients completing follow-up visits. Correlation and mediation analyses were conducted to investigate the associations among baseline REM%, multimodal brain imaging measures, and the improvement of depressive symptoms at follow-up in MDD. RESULTS We found voxel-wise correlations between baseline REM% and multimodal brain imaging metrics in many brain regions involved in sensorimotor, visual processing, emotion, and cognition in patients with MDD. Moreover, the baseline REM% was correlated with the improvement of depressive symptoms from acute to remitted status in patients through regulating brain activity in the left inferior temporal gyrus and cerebral blood flow in the bilateral paracentral lobule. CONCLUSION Our findings help to identify the neural underpinnings of REM% in depression and highlight REM% as a potential prognostic biomarker to predict disease progression. These may inform future novel interventions of MDD from the perspective of regulating REM sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dao-Min Zhu
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Sleep Disorders, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei 230022, China; Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jingyao Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Huanhuan Cai
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; Research Center of Clinical Medical Imaging, Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei 230032, China.
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15
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Lehmann N, Aye N, Kaufmann J, Heinze HJ, Düzel E, Ziegler G, Taubert M. Changes in Cortical Microstructure of the Human Brain Resulting from Long-Term Motor Learning. J Neurosci 2023; 43:8637-8648. [PMID: 37875377 PMCID: PMC10727185 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0537-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms subserving motor skill acquisition and learning in the intact human brain are not fully understood. Previous studies in animals have demonstrated a causal relationship between motor learning and structural rearrangements of synaptic connections, raising the question of whether neurite-specific changes are also observable in humans. Here, we use advanced diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), sensitive to dendritic and axonal processes, to investigate neuroplasticity in response to long-term motor learning. We recruited healthy male and female human participants (age range 19-29) who learned a challenging dynamic balancing task (DBT) over four consecutive weeks. Diffusion MRI signals were fitted using Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI), a theory-driven biophysical model of diffusion, yielding measures of tissue volume, neurite density and the organizational complexity of neurites. While NODDI indices were unchanged and reliable during the control period, neurite orientation dispersion increased significantly during the learning period mainly in primary sensorimotor, prefrontal, premotor, supplementary, and cingulate motor areas. Importantly, reorganization of cortical microstructure during the learning phase predicted concurrent behavioral changes, whereas there was no relationship between microstructural changes during the control phase and learning. Changes in neurite complexity were independent of alterations in tissue density, cortical thickness, and intracortical myelin. Our results are in line with the notion that structural modulation of neurites is a key mechanism supporting complex motor learning in humans.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The structural correlates of motor learning in the human brain are not fully understood. Results from animal studies suggest that synaptic remodeling (e.g., reorganization of dendritic spines) in sensorimotor-related brain areas is a crucial mechanism for the formation of motor memory. Using state-of-the-art diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we found a behaviorally relevant increase in the organizational complexity of neocortical microstructure, mainly in primary sensorimotor, prefrontal, premotor, supplementary, and cingulate motor regions, following training of a challenging dynamic balancing task (DBT). Follow-up analyses suggested structural modulation of synapses as a plausible mechanism driving this increase, while colocalized changes in cortical thickness, tissue density, and intracortical myelin could not be detected. These results advance our knowledge about the neurobiological basis of motor learning in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Lehmann
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39104, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Norman Aye
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39104, Germany
| | - Jörn Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39106, Germany
- Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg 39118, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39106, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Magdeburg 39120, Germany
- Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39120, Germany
| | - Marco Taubert
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39104, Germany
- Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg 39106, Germany
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16
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Köhncke Y, Kühn S, Düzel S, Sander MC, Brandmaier AM, Lindenberger U. Grey-matter structure in cortical and limbic regions correlates with general cognitive ability in old age. AGING BRAIN 2023; 5:100103. [PMID: 38186748 PMCID: PMC10770753 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2023.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the maintenance hypothesis (Nyberg et al., 2012), structural integrity of the brain's grey matter helps to preserve cognitive functioning into old age. A corollary of this hypothesis that can be tested in cross-sectional data is that grey-matter structural integrity and general cognitive ability are positively associated in old age. Building on Köhncke et al. (2021), who found that region-specific latent factors of grey-matter integrity are positively associated with episodic memory ability among older adults, we examine associations between general factors of grey-matter integrity and a general factor of cognitive ability in a cross-sectional sample of 1466 participants aged 60-88 years, 319 of whom contributed imaging data. Indicator variables based on T1-weighted images (voxel-based morphometry, VBM), magnetization-transfer imaging (MT), and diffusion tensor imaging-derived mean diffusivity (MD) had sufficient portions of variance in common to establish latent factors of grey-matter structure for a comprehensive set of regions of interest (ROI). Individual differences in grey-matter factors were positively correlated across neocortical and limbic areas, allowing for the definition of second-order, general factors for neocortical and limbic ROI, respectively. Both general grey-matter factors were positively correlated with general cognitive ability. For the basal ganglia, the three modality-specific indicators showed heterogenous loading patterns, and no reliable associations of the general grey-matter factor to general cognitive ability were found. To provide more direct tests of the maintenance hypothesis, we recommend applying the present structural modeling approach to longitudinal data, thereby enhancing the physiological validity of latent constructs of brain structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ylva Köhncke
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Myriam C. Sander
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Brandmaier
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK, & Berlin, Germany
- Department of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, London, UK, & Berlin, Germany
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17
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Nozais V, Theaud G, Descoteaux M, Thiebaut de Schotten M, Petit L. Improved Functionnectome by dissociating the contributions of white matter fiber classes to functional activation. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:2165-2177. [PMID: 37804431 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02714-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Integrating the underlying brain circuit's structural and functional architecture is required to explore the functional organization of cognitive networks. In that regard, we recently introduced the Functionnectome. This structural-functional method combines an fMRI acquisition with tractography-derived white matter connectivity data to map cognitive processes onto the white matter. However, this multimodal integration faces three significant challenges: (1) the necessarily limited overlap between tractography streamlines and the grey matter, which may reduce the amount of functional signal associated with the related structural connectivity; (2) the scrambling effect of crossing fibers on functional signal, as a single voxel in such regions can be structurally connected to several cognitive networks with heterogeneous functional signals; and (3) the difficulty of interpretation of the resulting cognitive maps, as crossing and overlapping white matter tracts can obscure the organization of the studied network. In the present study, we tackled these problems by developing a streamline-extension procedure and dividing the white matter anatomical priors between association, commissural, and projection fibers. This approach significantly improved the characterization of the white matter involvement in the studied cognitive processes. The new Functionnectome priors produced are now readily available, and the analysis workflow highlighted here should also be generalizable to other structural-functional approaches. We improved the Functionnectome approach to better study the involvement of white matter in brain function by separating the analysis of the three classes of white matter fibers (association, commissural, and projection fibers). This step successfully clarified the activation maps and increased their statistical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Nozais
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle - Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (GIN-IMN), UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine-3éme étage, 146 Rue Léo Saignat-CS 61292-Case 28, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Theaud
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- Imeka Solutions Inc, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Maxime Descoteaux
- Sherbrooke Connectivity Imaging Lab, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle - Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (GIN-IMN), UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine-3éme étage, 146 Rue Léo Saignat-CS 61292-Case 28, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Petit
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle - Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives (GIN-IMN), UMR 5293, Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, CEA, Centre Broca Nouvelle-Aquitaine-3éme étage, 146 Rue Léo Saignat-CS 61292-Case 28, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
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18
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Bogolepova IN, Krotenkova MV, Konovalov RN, Agapov PA, Malofeeva IG, Bikmeev AT. Individual Variability of Broca's Area of the Brain in Women. Bull Exp Biol Med 2023; 175:726-729. [PMID: 37978151 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-023-05934-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we studied individual features of the macroscopic structure of Broca's area of the brains in 9 women (18 hemispheres) aged from 20 to 30 years, without any mental or neurological disorders. By using MRI, the structures of the sulci and gyri of the pars triangularis and pars opercularis of Broca's area were studied: the anterior and ascending rami of the lateral sulcus, the radial, diagonal, precentral, inferior frontal, and lateral sulci. We also studied the relationship between the pars triangularis and pars opercularis as well as their relationships with neighboring cortical structures. We measured the volume of the pars triangularis and pars opercularis and the thickness of their cortex. Significant individual variability in the location and relationships between the anterior ramus of the lateral sulcus and the ascending ramus of the lateral sulcus, as well as structural features of the pars triangularis and pars opercularis of Broca's area were demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - P A Agapov
- Research Center of Neurology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - A T Bikmeev
- Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
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19
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Servin-Barthet C, Martínez-García M, Pretus C, Paternina-Die M, Soler A, Khymenets O, Pozo ÓJ, Leuner B, Vilarroya O, Carmona S. The transition to motherhood: linking hormones, brain and behaviour. Nat Rev Neurosci 2023; 24:605-619. [PMID: 37612425 DOI: 10.1038/s41583-023-00733-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
We are witnessing a stark increase in scientific interest in the neurobiological processes associated with pregnancy and maternity. Convergent evidence suggests that around the time of labour, first-time mothers experience a specific pattern of neuroanatomical changes that are associated with maternal behaviour. Here we provide an overview of the human neurobiological adaptations of motherhood, focusing on the interplay between pregnancy-related steroid and peptide hormones, and neuroplasticity in the brain. We discuss which brain plasticity mechanisms might underlie the structural changes detected by MRI, which hormonal systems are likely to contribute to such neuroanatomical changes and how these brain mechanisms may be linked to maternal behaviour. This Review offers an overarching framework that can serve as a roadmap for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Servin-Barthet
- Unitat de Recerca en Neurociència Cognitiva, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Martínez-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Pretus
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de els Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Paternina-Die
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Soler
- Unitat de Recerca en Neurociència Cognitiva, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Óscar J Pozo
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Benedetta Leuner
- Psychology Department, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Oscar Vilarroya
- Unitat de Recerca en Neurociència Cognitiva, Departament de Psiquiatria i Medicina Legal, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susana Carmona
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Kronman FA, Liwang JK, Betty R, Vanselow DJ, Wu YT, Tustison NJ, Bhandiwad A, Manjila SB, Minteer JA, Shin D, Lee CH, Patil R, Duda JT, Puelles L, Gee JC, Zhang J, Ng L, Kim Y. Developmental Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.14.557789. [PMID: 37745386 PMCID: PMC10515964 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.14.557789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
3D standard reference brains serve as key resources to understand the spatial organization of the brain and promote interoperability across different studies. However, unlike the adult mouse brain, the lack of standard 3D reference atlases for developing mouse brains has hindered advancement of our understanding of brain development. Here, we present a multimodal 3D developmental common coordinate framework (DevCCF) spanning mouse embryonic day (E) 11.5, E13.5, E15.5, E18.5, and postnatal day (P) 4, P14, and P56 with anatomical segmentations defined by a developmental ontology. At each age, the DevCCF features undistorted morphologically averaged atlas templates created from Magnetic Resonance Imaging and co-registered high-resolution templates from light sheet fluorescence microscopy. Expert-curated 3D anatomical segmentations at each age adhere to an updated prosomeric model and can be explored via an interactive 3D web-visualizer. As a use case, we employed the DevCCF to unveil the emergence of GABAergic neurons in embryonic brains. Moreover, we integrated the Allen CCFv3 into the P56 template with stereotaxic coordinates and mapped spatial transcriptome cell-type data with the developmental ontology. In summary, the DevCCF is an openly accessible resource that can be used for large-scale data integration to gain a comprehensive understanding of brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fae A Kronman
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Josephine K Liwang
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Rebecca Betty
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Daniel J Vanselow
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Yuan-Ting Wu
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Nicholas J Tustison
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | | | - Steffy B Manjila
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Jennifer A Minteer
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Donghui Shin
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Choong Heon Lee
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Rohan Patil
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
| | - Jeffrey T Duda
- Department of Radiology, Penn Image Computing and Science Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Luis Puelles
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Murcia, and Murcia Arrixaca Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIB) Murcia, Spain
| | - James C Gee
- Department of Radiology, Penn Image Computing and Science Lab, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jiangyang Zhang
- Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA
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21
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Wagstyl K, Raznahan A. Subcortical Anatomy in Neurogenetic Disorders: New Findings and Future Questions. Am J Psychiatry 2023; 180:634-635. [PMID: 37654115 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.20230555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Wagstyl
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London (Wagstyl); Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Raznahan)
| | - Armin Raznahan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London (Wagstyl); Section on Developmental Neurogenomics, Human Genetics Branch, NIMH, Bethesda, Md. (Raznahan)
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22
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Collins AM, Molina-Hidalgo C, Aghjayan SL, Fanning J, Erlenbach ED, Gothe NP, Velazquez-Diaz D, Erickson KI. Differentiating the influence of sedentary behavior and physical activity on brain health in late adulthood. Exp Gerontol 2023; 180:112246. [PMID: 37356467 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Public health messaging calls for individuals to be more physically active and less sedentary, yet these lifestyle behaviors have been historically studied independently. Both physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) are linked through time-use in a 24-hour day and are related to health outcomes, such as neurocognition. While the benefits of PA on brain health in late adulthood have been well-documented, the influence of SB remains to be understood. The purpose of this paper was to critically review the evolving work on SB and brain health in late adulthood and emphasize key areas of consideration to inform potential research. Overall, the existing literature studying the impact of SB on the components and mechanisms of brain health are mixed and inconclusive, provided largely by cross-sectional and observational work employing a variety of measurement techniques of SB and brain health outcomes. Further, many studies did not conceptually or statistically account for the role of PA in the proposed relationships. Therefore, our understanding of the way in which SB may influence neurocognition in late adulthood is limited. Future efforts should include more prospective longitudinal and randomized clinical trials with intentional methodological approaches to better understand the relationships between SB and the brain in late adulthood, and how these potential links are differentiated from PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey M Collins
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA.
| | | | - Sarah L Aghjayan
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Emily D Erlenbach
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Neha P Gothe
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Velazquez-Diaz
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA; Exphy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- AdventHealth Research Institute, Department of Neuroscience, AdventHealth, Orlando, FL, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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23
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Thankarajan E, Oz S, Saady A, Kulbitski K, Kompanets MO, Eisen MS, Berlin S. SNAP-Tag-Targeted MRI-Fluorescent Multimodal Probes. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300172. [PMID: 37092744 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful imaging modality, widely employed in research and clinical settings. However, MRI images suffer from low signals and a lack of target specificity. We aimed to develop a multimodal imaging probe to detect targeted cells by MRI and fluorescence microscopy. We synthesized a trifunctional imaging probe consisting of a SNAP-tag substrate for irreversible and specific labelling of cells, cyanine dyes for bright fluorescence, and a chelated GdIII molecule for enhancing MRI contrast. Our probes exhibit specific and efficient labelling of genetically defined cells (expressing SNAP-tag at their membrane), bright fluorescence and MRI signal. Our synthetic approach provides a versatile platform for the production of multimodal imaging probes, particularly for light microscopy and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebaston Thankarajan
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shimrit Oz
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel
| | - Abed Saady
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
- Present address: School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Kseniya Kulbitski
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Mykhail O Kompanets
- L.M. Litvinenko Institute of Physico-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, 02660, Ukraine
| | - Moris S Eisen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel
| | - Shai Berlin
- Department of Neuroscience, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3525422, Israel
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24
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Vakli P, Weiss B, Szalma J, Barsi P, Gyuricza I, Kemenczky P, Somogyi E, Nárai Á, Gál V, Hermann P, Vidnyánszky Z. Automatic brain MRI motion artifact detection based on end-to-end deep learning is similarly effective as traditional machine learning trained on image quality metrics. Med Image Anal 2023; 88:102850. [PMID: 37263108 DOI: 10.1016/j.media.2023.102850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Head motion artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are an important confounding factor concerning brain research as well as clinical practice. For this reason, several machine learning-based methods have been developed for the automatic quality control of structural MRI scans. Deep learning offers a promising solution to this problem, however, given its data-hungry nature and the scarcity of expert-annotated datasets, its advantage over traditional machine learning methods in identifying motion-corrupted brain scans is yet to be determined. In the present study, we investigated the relative advantage of the two methods in structural MRI quality control. To this end, we collected publicly available T1-weighted images and scanned subjects in our own lab under conventional and active head motion conditions. The quality of the images was rated by a team of radiologists from the point of view of clinical diagnostic use. We present a relatively simple, lightweight 3D convolutional neural network trained in an end-to-end manner that achieved a test set (N = 411) balanced accuracy of 94.41% in classifying brain scans into clinically usable or unusable categories. A support vector machine trained on image quality metrics achieved a balanced accuracy of 88.44% on the same test set. Statistical comparison of the two models yielded no significant difference in terms of confusion matrices, error rates, or receiver operating characteristic curves. Our results suggest that these machine learning methods are similarly effective in identifying severe motion artifacts in brain MRI scans, and underline the efficacy of end-to-end deep learning-based systems in brain MRI quality control, allowing the rapid evaluation of diagnostic utility without the need for elaborate image pre-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pál Vakli
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary.
| | - Béla Weiss
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary.
| | - János Szalma
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Péter Barsi
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - István Gyuricza
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Péter Kemenczky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Eszter Somogyi
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Ádám Nárai
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Viktor Gál
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Petra Hermann
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Vidnyánszky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary.
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25
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Donovan APA, Rosko L, Ellegood J, Redhead Y, Green JBA, Lerch JP, Huang JK, Basson MA. Pervasive cortical and white matter anomalies in a mouse model for CHARGE syndrome. J Anat 2023; 243:51-65. [PMID: 36914558 PMCID: PMC10273342 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CHARGE (Coloboma of the eye, Heart defects, Atresia of the choanae, Retardation of growth, Genital anomalies and Ear abnormalities) syndrome is a disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding CHD7, an ATP dependent chromatin remodelling factor, and is characterised by a diverse array of congenital anomalies. These include a range of neuroanatomical comorbidities which likely underlie the varied neurodevelopmental disorders associated with CHARGE syndrome, which include intellectual disability, motor coordination deficits, executive dysfunction, and autism spectrum disorder. Cranial imaging studies are challenging in CHARGE syndrome patients, but high-throughput magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in mouse models allow for the unbiased identification of neuroanatomical defects. Here, we present a comprehensive neuroanatomical survey of a Chd7 haploinsufficient mouse model of CHARGE syndrome. Our study uncovered widespread brain hypoplasia and reductions in white matter volume across the brain. The severity of hypoplasia appeared more pronounced in posterior areas of the neocortex compared to anterior regions. We also perform the first assessment of white matter tract integrity in this model through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to assess the potential functional consequences of widespread reductions in myelin, which suggested the presence of white matter integrity defects. To determine if white matter alterations correspond to cellular changes, we quantified oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the postnatal corpus callosum, uncovering reduced numbers of mature oligodendrocytes. Together, these results present a range of promising avenues of focus for future cranial imaging studies in CHARGE syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex P. A. Donovan
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Lauren Rosko
- Department of BiologyGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
- Interdisciplinary Program in NeuroscienceGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Yushi Redhead
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jeremy B. A. Green
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Mouse Imaging CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsThe University of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental HealthThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Preclinical Imaging, Wellcome Centre for Integrative NeuroimagingUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jeffrey K. Huang
- Department of BiologyGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
- Interdisciplinary Program in NeuroscienceGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
- Centre for Cell ReprogrammingGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
| | - M. Albert Basson
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative BiologyKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
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26
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Du P, Liu X, Wu X, Chen J, Cao A, Geng D. Predicting Histopathological Grading of Adult Gliomas Based On Preoperative Conventional Multimodal MRI Radiomics: A Machine Learning Model. Brain Sci 2023; 13:912. [PMID: 37371390 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The accurate preoperative histopathological grade diagnosis of adult gliomas is of great significance for the formulation of a surgical plan and the implementation of a subsequent treatment. The aim of this study is to establish a predictive model for classifying adult gliomas into grades 2-4 based on preoperative conventional multimodal MRI radiomics. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with pathologically confirmed gliomas at Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, between February 2017 and July 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Two regions of interest (ROIs), called the maximum anomaly region (ROI1) and the tumor region (ROI2), were delineated on the patients' preoperative MRIs utilizing the tool ITK-SNAP, and Pyradiomics 3.0 was applied to execute feature extraction. Feature selection was performed utilizing a least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) filter. Six classifiers, including Gaussian naive Bayes (GNB), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM) with a linear kernel, adaptive boosting (AB), and multilayer perceptron (MLP) were used to establish predictive models, and the predictive performance of the six classifiers was evaluated through five-fold cross-validation. The performance of the predictive models was evaluated using the AUC and other metrics. After that, the model with the best predictive performance was tested using the external data from The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA). RESULTS According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 240 patients with gliomas were identified for inclusion in the study, including 106 grade 2, 68 grade 3, and 66 grade 4 gliomas. A total of 150 features was selected, and the MLP classifier had the best predictive performance among the six classifiers based on T2-FLAIR (mean AUC of 0.80 ± 0.07). The SVM classifier had the best predictive performance among the six classifiers based on DWI (mean AUC of 0.84 ± 0.05); the SVM classifier had the best predictive performance among the six classifiers based on CE-T1WI (mean AUC of 0.85 ± 0.06). Among the six classifiers, based on ROI1, the MLP classifier had the best prediction performance (mean AUC of 0.78 ± 0.07); among the six classifiers, based on ROI2, the SVM classifier had the best prediction performance (mean AUC of 0.82 ± 0.07). Among the six classifiers, based on the multimodal MRI of all the ROIs, the SVM classifier had the best prediction performance (average AUC of 0.85 ± 0.04). The SVM classifier, based on the multimodal MRI of all the ROIs, achieved an AUC of 0.81 using the external data from TCIA. CONCLUSIONS The prediction model, based on preoperative conventional multimodal MRI radiomics, established in this study can conveniently, accurately, and noninvasively classify adult gliomas into grades 2-4, providing certain assistance for the precise diagnosis and treatment of patients and optimizing their clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Du
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Xuefan Wu
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Gamma Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jiawei Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Aihong Cao
- Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Daoying Geng
- Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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27
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Wang N, Maharjan S, Tsai AP, Lin PB, Qi Y, Wallace A, Jewett M, Liu F, Landreth GE, Oblak AL. Integrating multimodality magnetic resonance imaging to the Allen Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4887. [PMID: 36454009 PMCID: PMC10106385 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) affords unique image contrasts to nondestructively probe the tissue microstructure; validation of MRI findings with conventional histology is essential to better understand the MRI contrasts. However, the dramatic difference in the spatial resolution and image contrast of these two techniques impedes accurate comparison between MRI metrics and traditional histology. To better validate various MRI metrics, we acquired whole mouse brain multigradient recalled-echo and multishell diffusion MRI datasets at 25-μm isotropic resolution. The recently developed Allen Mouse Brain Common Coordinate Framework (CCFv3) provides opportunities to integrate multimodal and multiscale datasets of the whole mouse brain in a common three-dimensional (3D) space. The T2*, quantitative susceptibility mapping, diffusion tensor imaging, and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging parameters were compared with both serial two-photon tomography images and 3D Nissl staining images in the CCFv3 at the same spatial resolution. The correlation between MRI and Nissl staining strongly depends on different metrics and different regions of the brain. Integrating different imaging modalities to the same space may substantially improve our understanding of the complexity of the brain at different scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian Wang
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Surendra Maharjan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Andy P. Tsai
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Peter B. Lin
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Yi Qi
- Center for In Vivo Microscopy, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Abigail Wallace
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Megan Jewett
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Fang Liu
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Gary E. Landreth
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Adrian L. Oblak
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
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28
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Bessadok A, Mahjoub MA, Rekik I. Graph Neural Networks in Network Neuroscience. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE 2023; 45:5833-5848. [PMID: 36155474 DOI: 10.1109/tpami.2022.3209686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Noninvasive medical neuroimaging has yielded many discoveries about the brain connectivity. Several substantial techniques mapping morphological, structural and functional brain connectivities were developed to create a comprehensive road map of neuronal activities in the human brain -namely brain graph. Relying on its non-euclidean data type, graph neural network (GNN) provides a clever way of learning the deep graph structure and it is rapidly becoming the state-of-the-art leading to enhanced performance in various network neuroscience tasks. Here we review current GNN-based methods, highlighting the ways that they have been used in several applications related to brain graphs such as missing brain graph synthesis and disease classification. We conclude by charting a path toward a better application of GNN models in network neuroscience field for neurological disorder diagnosis and population graph integration. The list of papers cited in our work is available at https://github.com/basiralab/GNNs-in-Network-Neuroscience.
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29
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Examining litter specific variability in mice and its impact on neurodevelopmental studies. Neuroimage 2023; 269:119888. [PMID: 36681136 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Our current understanding of litter variability in neurodevelopmental studies using mice may limit translation of neuroscientific findings. Higher variance of measures across litters than within, often termed intra-litter likeness, may be attributable to both pre- and postnatal environment. This study aimed to assess the litter-effect within behavioral assessments (2 timepoints) and anatomy using T1-weighted magnetic resonance images across 72 brain region volumes (4 timepoints) (36 C57bl/6J inbred mice; 7 litters: 19F/17M). Between-litter comparisons of brain and behavioral measures and their associations were evaluated using univariate and multivariate techniques. A power analysis using simulation methods was then performed on modeled neurodevelopment and to evaluate trade-offs between number-of-litters, number-of-mice-per-litter, and sample size. Our results show litter-specific developmental effects, from the adolescent period to adulthood for brain structure volumes and behaviors, and for their associations in adulthood. Our power simulation analysis suggests increasing the number-of-litters in experimental designs to achieve the smallest total sample size necessary for detecting different rates of change in specific brain regions. Our results demonstrate how litter-specific effects may influence development and that increasing the litters to the total sample size ratio should be strongly considered when designing neurodevelopmental studies.
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30
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Hong SJ, Mottron L, Park BY, Benkarim O, Valk SL, Paquola C, Larivière S, Vos de Wael R, Degré-Pelletier J, Soulieres I, Ramphal B, Margolis A, Milham M, Di Martino A, Bernhardt BC. A convergent structure-function substrate of cognitive imbalances in autism. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:1566-1580. [PMID: 35552620 PMCID: PMC9977381 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a common neurodevelopmental diagnosis showing substantial phenotypic heterogeneity. A leading example can be found in verbal and nonverbal cognitive skills, which vary from elevated to impaired compared with neurotypical individuals. Moreover, deficits in verbal profiles often coexist with normal or superior performance in the nonverbal domain. METHODS To study brain substrates underlying cognitive imbalance in ASD, we capitalized categorical and dimensional IQ profiling as well as multimodal neuroimaging. RESULTS IQ analyses revealed a marked verbal to nonverbal IQ imbalance in ASD across 2 datasets (Dataset-1: 155 ASD, 151 controls; Dataset-2: 270 ASD, 490 controls). Neuroimaging analysis in Dataset-1 revealed a structure-function substrate of cognitive imbalance, characterized by atypical cortical thickening and altered functional integration of language networks alongside sensory and higher cognitive areas. CONCLUSION Although verbal and nonverbal intelligence have been considered as specifiers unrelated to autism diagnosis, our results indicate that intelligence disparities are accentuated in ASD and reflected by a consistent structure-function substrate affecting multiple brain networks. Our findings motivate the incorporation of cognitive imbalances in future autism research, which may help to parse the phenotypic heterogeneity and inform intervention-oriented subtyping in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Jun Hong
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada.,Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea.,Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, NY 10022, United States
| | - Laurent Mottron
- Centre de Recherche du CIUSSSNIM and Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montréal, 7070 boulevard Perras, Montréal, Quebec H1E 1A4, Canada
| | - Bo-Yong Park
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada.,Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Seobu-ro 2066, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, South Korea.,Department of Data Science, Inha Univerisity, Incheon 22212, South Korea
| | - Oualid Benkarim
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Sofie L Valk
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada.,Otto Hahn group Cognitive neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraβe 1A. Leipzig D-04103, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52425, Germany.,Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Casey Paquola
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Research Centre Wilhelm-Johnen-Strasse, Jülich 52425, Germany
| | - Sara Larivière
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Reinder Vos de Wael
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada
| | - Janie Degré-Pelletier
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada.,Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2X 3P2, Canada
| | - Isabelle Soulieres
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 100 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montréal, Québec H2X 3P2, Canada
| | - Bruce Ramphal
- Department of Psychiatry, The New York State Psychiatric Institute and the College of Physicians Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Amy Margolis
- Department of Psychiatry, The New York State Psychiatric Institute and the College of Physicians Surgeons, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Michael Milham
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, NY 10022, United States.,Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY 10962, United States
| | - Adriana Di Martino
- Autism Center, Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, NY 10022, United States
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B4, Canada
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Paul KI, Mueller K, Rousseau PN, Glathe A, Taatgen NA, Cnossen F, Lanzer P, Villringer A, Steele CJ. Visuo-motor transformations in the intraparietal sulcus mediate the acquisition of endovascular medical skill. Neuroimage 2023; 266:119781. [PMID: 36529202 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Performing endovascular medical interventions safely and efficiently requires a diverse set of skills that need to be practised in dedicated training sessions. Here, we used multimodal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to determine the structural and functional plasticity and core skills associated with skill acquisition. A training group learned to perform a simulator-based endovascular procedure, while a control group performed a simplified version of the task; multimodal MR images were acquired before and after training. Using a well-controlled interaction design, we found strong multimodal evidence for the role of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in endovascular skill acquisition that is in line with previous work implicating the structure in visuospatial transformations including simple visuo-motor and mental rotation tasks. Our results provide a unique window into the multimodal nature of rapid structural and functional plasticity of the human brain while learning a multifaceted and complex clinical skill. Further, our results provide a detailed description of the plasticity process associated with endovascular skill acquisition and highlight specific facets of skills that could enhance current medical pedagogy and be useful to explicitly target during clinical resident training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja I Paul
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany; Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Karsten Mueller
- Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Annegret Glathe
- Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Niels A Taatgen
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Fokie Cnossen
- Department of Neurology, Max-Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Lanzer
- Mitteldeutsches Herzzentrum, Health Care Center Bitterfeld-Wolfen GmbH, Bitterfeld-Wolfen, Germany
| | - Arno Villringer
- Day Clinic for Cognitive Neurology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany; Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christopher J Steele
- Bernoulli Institute for Mathematics, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
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32
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Howes OD, Cummings C, Chapman GE, Shatalina E. Neuroimaging in schizophrenia: an overview of findings and their implications for synaptic changes. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:151-167. [PMID: 36056106 PMCID: PMC9700830 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-022-01426-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Over the last five decades, a large body of evidence has accrued for structural and metabolic brain alterations in schizophrenia. Here we provide an overview of these findings, focusing on measures that have traditionally been thought to reflect synaptic spine density or synaptic activity and that are relevant for understanding if there is lower synaptic density in the disorder. We conducted literature searches to identify meta-analyses or other relevant studies in patients with chronic or first-episode schizophrenia, or in people at high genetic or clinical risk for psychosis. We identified 18 meta-analyses including over 50,000 subjects in total, covering: structural MRI measures of gyrification index, grey matter volume, grey matter density and cortical thickness, neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, PET imaging of regional glucose metabolism and magnetic resonance spectroscopy measures of N-acetylaspartate. We also review preclinical evidence on the relationship between ex vivo synaptic measures and structural MRI imaging, and PET imaging of synaptic protein 2A (SV2A). These studies show that schizophrenia is associated with lower grey matter volumes and cortical thickness, accelerated grey matter loss over time, abnormal gyrification patterns, and lower regional SV2A levels and metabolic markers in comparison to controls (effect sizes from ~ -0.11 to -1.0). Key regions affected include frontal, anterior cingulate and temporal cortices and the hippocampi. We identify several limitations for the interpretation of these findings in terms of understanding synaptic alterations. Nevertheless, taken with post-mortem findings, they suggest that schizophrenia is associated with lower synaptic density in some brain regions. However, there are several gaps in evidence, in particular whether SV2A findings generalise to other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver D Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Connor Cummings
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Clare Hall (College), University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George E Chapman
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Ekaterina Shatalina
- Psychiatric Imaging Group, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Wang Y, Cao Y, Li J, Wu H, Wang S, Dong X, Yu H. A lightweight hierarchical convolution network for brain tumor segmentation. BMC Bioinformatics 2022; 22:636. [PMID: 36513986 PMCID: PMC9749147 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-022-05039-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain tumor segmentation plays a significant role in clinical treatment and surgical planning. Recently, several deep convolutional networks have been proposed for brain tumor segmentation and have achieved impressive performance. However, most state-of-the-art models use 3D convolution networks, which require high computational costs. This makes it difficult to apply these models to medical equipment in the future. Additionally, due to the large diversity of the brain tumor and uncertain boundaries between sub-regions, some models cannot well-segment multiple tumors in the brain at the same time. RESULTS In this paper, we proposed a lightweight hierarchical convolution network, called LHC-Net. Our network uses a multi-scale strategy which the common 3D convolution is replaced by the hierarchical convolution with residual-like connections. It improves the ability of multi-scale feature extraction and greatly reduces parameters and computation resources. On the BraTS2020 dataset, LHC-Net achieves the Dice scores of 76.38%, 90.01% and 83.32% for ET, WT and TC, respectively, which is better than that of 3D U-Net with 73.50%, 89.42% and 81.92%. Especially on the multi-tumor set, our model shows significant performance improvement. In addition, LHC-Net has 1.65M parameters and 35.58G FLOPs, which is two times fewer parameters and three times less computation compared with 3D U-Net. CONCLUSION Our proposed method achieves automatic segmentation of tumor sub-regions from four-modal brain MRI images. LHC-Net achieves competitive segmentation performance with fewer parameters and less computation than the state-of-the-art models. It means that our model can be applied under limited medical computing resources. By using the multi-scale strategy on channels, LHC-Net can well-segment multiple tumors in the patient's brain. It has great potential for application to other multi-scale segmentation tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhu Wang
- Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuzhen Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinqiu Li
- Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongtao Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinming Dong
- Tianjin Rehabilitation Convalescent Center, Tianjin, China.
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biomedical Detecting Techniques and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. .,Tianjin International Engineering Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China. .,Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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34
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Lin HM, Chang YT, Chen MH, Liu ST, Chen BS, Li L, Lee CY, Sue YR, Sung TM, Sun CK, Yeh PY. Structural and Functional Neural Correlates in Individuals with Excessive Smartphone Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16277. [PMID: 36498362 PMCID: PMC9739413 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Despite known association of internet addiction with a reduced brain volume and abnormal connectivity, the impact of excessive smartphone use remains unclear. Methods: PubMed, Embase, ClinicalTrial.gov, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched from inception to July 2022 using appropriate keywords for observational studies comparing differences in brain volumes and activations between excessive smartphone users and individuals with regular use by magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Of the 11 eligible studies retrieved from 6993 articles initially screened, seven and six evaluated brain volumes and activations, respectively. The former enrolled 421 participants (165 excessive smartphone users vs. 256 controls), while the latter recruited 276 subjects with 139 excessive smartphone users. The results demonstrated a smaller brain volume in excessive smartphone users compared to the controls (g = −0.55, p < 0.001), especially in subcortical regions (p < 0.001). Besides, the impact was more pronounced in adolescents than in adults (p < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed a significant positive association between impulsivity and volume reduction. Regarding altered activations, the convergences of foci in the declive of the posterior lobe of cerebellum, the lingual gyrus, and the middle frontal gyrus were noted. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated a potential association of excessive smartphone use with a reduced brain volume and altered activations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Man Lin
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tzu Chang
- School of Post Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsiang Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung 83300, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Tsen Liu
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Division of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, China Medical University Children’s Hospital, Taichung 404327, Taiwan
| | - Bo-Shen Chen
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Yu Lee
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Sue
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Mei Sung
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 824005, Taiwan
- School of Medicine for International Students, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Yang Yeh
- Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Clinical Psychology Center, Asia University Hospital, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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35
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George H, Mercer GV, Stapleton D, Dawson L, MacCallum PE, Spring S, Sled JG, Blundell J, Cahill LS. Structural brain abnormalities in endothelial nitric oxide synthase-deficient mice revealed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2801. [PMID: 36259950 PMCID: PMC9660425 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) produces nitric oxide, which is essential for a variety of physiological functions in the brain. Previous work has demonstrated the detrimental effects of eNOS deficiency on brain function in male eNOS knockout (eNOS KO) mice. However, the effect of eNOS deficiency on brain structure and any association between these effects and sex is unknown. METHODS This study used three-dimensional high-resolution ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral tests of anxiety and cognitive performance to investigate structure-function relationships in the brain of female and male eNOS KO mice in young adulthood. RESULTS While there were no differences in anxiety-like behavior or locomotion, there was a sex-specific deficit in contextual fear memory retention in male, but not in female, eNOS mice compared to wild-type controls. Moreover, we found that eNOS deficiency induced changes in multiple brain regions that are involved in learning and fear memory including the hippocampus, amygdala, hypothalamus, and areas of the cortex. Several of these MRI-detectable neuroanatomical changes were dependent on sex. CONCLUSION The observation that eNOS deficiency impacts brain structure at an early age demonstrates the importance of eNOS for healthy brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah George
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Grace V Mercer
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Darcie Stapleton
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Laura Dawson
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Phillip E MacCallum
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Shoshana Spring
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - John G Sled
- Mouse Imaging Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacqueline Blundell
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Lindsay S Cahill
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada.,Discipline of Radiology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
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36
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Nárai Á, Hermann P, Auer T, Kemenczky P, Szalma J, Homolya I, Somogyi E, Vakli P, Weiss B, Vidnyánszky Z. Movement-related artefacts (MR-ART) dataset of matched motion-corrupted and clean structural MRI brain scans. Sci Data 2022; 9:630. [PMID: 36253426 PMCID: PMC9576686 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01694-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) provides a unique opportunity to investigate neural changes in healthy and clinical conditions. Its large inherent susceptibility to motion, however, often confounds the measurement. Approaches assessing, correcting, or preventing motion corruption of MRI measurements are under active development, and such efforts can greatly benefit from carefully controlled datasets. We present a unique dataset of structural brain MRI images collected from 148 healthy adults which includes both motion-free and motion-affected data acquired from the same participants. This matched dataset allows direct evaluation of motion artefacts, their impact on derived data, and testing approaches to correct for them. Our dataset further stands out by containing images with different levels of motion artefacts from the same participants, is enriched with expert scoring characterizing the image quality from a clinical point of view and is also complemented with standard image quality metrics obtained from MRIQC. The goal of the dataset is to raise awareness of the issue and provide a useful resource to assess and improve current motion correction approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ádám Nárai
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
| | - Petra Hermann
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Tibor Auer
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.,School of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Péter Kemenczky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - János Szalma
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - István Homolya
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Eszter Somogyi
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Pál Vakli
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Béla Weiss
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Vidnyánszky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
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37
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Davis BR, Garza A, Church JA. Key considerations for child and adolescent MRI data collection. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2022; 1:981947. [PMID: 36312216 PMCID: PMC9615104 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2022.981947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive neuroimaging researchers' ability to infer accurate statistical conclusions from neuroimaging depends greatly on the quality of the data analyzed. This need for quality control is never more evident than when conducting neuroimaging studies with children and adolescents. Developmental neuroimaging requires patience, flexibility, adaptability, extra time, and effort. It also provides us a unique, non-invasive way to understand the development of cognitive processes, individual differences, and the changing relations between brain and behavior over the lifespan. In this discussion, we focus on collecting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data, as it is one of the more complex protocols used with children and youth. Through our extensive experience collecting MRI datasets with children and families, as well as a review of current best practices, we will cover three main topics to help neuroimaging researchers collect high-quality datasets. First, we review key recruitment and retention techniques, and note the importance for consistency and inclusion across groups. Second, we discuss ways to reduce scan anxiety for families and ways to increase scan success by describing the pre-screening process, use of a scanner simulator, and the need to focus on participant and family comfort. Finally, we outline several important design considerations in developmental neuroimaging such as asking a developmentally appropriate question, minimizing data loss, and the applicability of public datasets. Altogether, we hope this article serves as a useful tool for those wishing to enter or learn more about developmental cognitive neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jessica A. Church
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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38
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ai H, Van Dam NT, Qian L, Hou G, Xu P. Microstructural deficits of the thalamus in major depressive disorder. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac236. [PMID: 36196087 PMCID: PMC9525011 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Macroscopic structural abnormalities in the thalamus and thalamic circuits have been implicated in the neuropathology of major depressive disorder. However, cytoarchitectonic properties underlying these macroscopic abnormalities remain unknown. Here, we examined systematic deficits of brain architecture in depression, from structural brain network organization to microstructural properties. A multi-modal neuroimaging approach including diffusion, anatomical and quantitative MRI was used to examine structural-related alternations in 56 patients with depression compared with 35 age- and sex-matched controls. The seed-based probabilistic tractography showed multiple alterations of structural connectivity within a set of subcortical areas and their connections to cortical regions in patients with depression. These subcortical regions included the putamen, thalamus and caudate, which are predominantly involved in the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic network. Structural connectivity was disrupted within and between large-scale networks, including the subcortical network, default-mode network and salience network. Consistently, morphometric measurements, including cortical thickness and voxel-based morphometry, showed widespread volume reductions of these key regions in patients with depression. A conjunction analysis identified common structural alternations of the left orbitofrontal cortex, left putamen, bilateral thalamus and right amygdala across macro-modalities. Importantly, the microstructural properties, longitudinal relaxation time of the left thalamus was increased and inversely correlated with its grey matter volume in patients with depression. Together, this work to date provides the first macro–micro neuroimaging evidence for the structural abnormalities of the thalamus in patients with depression, shedding light on the neuropathological disruptions of the limbic-cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit in major depressive disorder. These findings have implications in understanding the abnormal changes of brain structures across the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
| | - Yingli Zhang
- Department of Depressive Disorders, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Hui Ai
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Neuroscience, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Center, Center for Brain Disorders and Cognitive Sciences, Shenzhen University , Shenzhen 518052 , China
| | - Nicholas T Van Dam
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne 3010 , Australia
| | - Long Qian
- MR Research, GE Healthcare , Beijing 100176 , China
| | - Gangqiang Hou
- Department of Radiology, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center , Shenzhen 518020 , China
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (BNU), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875 , China
- Center for Neuroimaging, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience , Shenzhen 518107 , China
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39
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The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Presents Structural Variations Associated with Empathy and Emotion Regulation in Psychotherapists. Brain Topogr 2022; 35:613-626. [DOI: 10.1007/s10548-022-00910-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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40
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Inter- and intra-individual variation in brain structural-cognition relationships in aging. Neuroimage 2022; 257:119254. [PMID: 35490915 PMCID: PMC9393406 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The sources of inter- and intra-individual variability in age-related cognitive decline remain poorly understood. We examined the association between 20-year trajectories of cognitive decline and multimodal brain structure and morphology in older age. We used the Whitehall II Study, an extensively characterised cohort with 3T brain magnetic resonance images acquired at older age (mean age = 69.52 ± 4.9) and 5 repeated cognitive performance assessments between mid-life (mean age = 53.2 ±4.9 years) and late-life (mean age = 67.7 ± 4.9). Using non-negative matrix factorization, we identified 10 brain components integrating cortical thickness, surface area, fractional anisotropy, and mean and radial diffusivities. We observed two latent variables describing distinct brain-cognition associations. The first describes variations in 5 structural components associated with low mid-life performance across multiple cognitive domains, decline in reasoning, but maintenance of fluency abilities. The second describes variations in 6 structural components associated with low mid-life performance in fluency and memory, but retention of multiple abilities. Expression of latent variables predicts future cognition 3.2 years later (mean age = 70.87 ± 4.9). This data-driven approach highlights brain-cognition relationships wherein individuals degrees of cognitive decline and maintenance across diverse cognitive functions are both positively and negatively associated with markers of cortical structure.
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Obesity-Related Neuroinflammation: Magnetic Resonance and Microscopy Imaging of the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158790. [PMID: 35955925 PMCID: PMC9368789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a major risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias. The principal feature of dementia is a loss of neurons and brain atrophy. The mechanistic links between obesity and the neurodegenerative processes of dementias are not fully understood, but recent research suggests that obesity-related systemic inflammation and subsequent neuroinflammation may be involved. Adipose tissues release multiple proinflammatory molecules (fatty acids and cytokines) that impact blood and vessel cells, inducing low-grade systemic inflammation that can transition to tissues, including the brain. Inflammation in the brain—neuroinflammation—is one of key elements of the pathobiology of neurodegenerative disorders; it is characterized by the activation of microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, and by the structural and functional changes of other cells forming the brain parenchyma, including neurons. Such cellular changes have been shown in animal models with direct methods, such as confocal microscopy. In humans, cellular changes are less tangible, as only indirect methods such as magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are usually used. In these studies, obesity and low-grade systemic inflammation have been associated with lower volumes of the cerebral gray matter, cortex, and hippocampus, as well as altered tissue MR properties (suggesting microstructural variations in cellular and molecular composition). How these structural variations in the human brain observed using MR imaging relate to the cellular variations in the animal brain seen with microscopy is not well understood. This review describes the current understanding of neuroinflammation in the context of obesity-induced systemic inflammation, and it highlights need for the bridge between animal microscopy and human MR imaging studies.
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Sex differences in the human brain: a roadmap for more careful analysis and interpretation of a biological reality. Biol Sex Differ 2022; 13:43. [PMID: 35883159 PMCID: PMC9327177 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-022-00448-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence, magnitude, and significance of sex differences in the human brain are hotly debated topics in the scientific community and popular media. This debate is largely fueled by studies containing strong, opposing conclusions: either little to no evidence exists for sex differences in human neuroanatomy, or there are small-to-moderate differences in the size of certain brain regions that are highly reproducible across cohorts (even after controlling for sex differences in average brain size). Our Commentary uses the specific comparison between two recent large-scale studies that adopt these opposing views-namely the review by Eliot and colleagues (2021) and the direct analysis of ~ 40k brains by Williams and colleagues (2021)-in an effort to clarify this controversy and provide a framework for conducting this research. First, we review observations that motivate research on sex differences in human neuroanatomy, including potential causes (evolutionary, genetic, and environmental) and effects (epidemiological and clinical evidence for sex-biased brain disorders). We also summarize methodological and empirical support for using structural MRI to investigate such patterns. Next, we outline how researchers focused on sex differences can better specify their study design (e.g., how sex was defined, if and how brain size was adjusted for) and results (by e.g., distinguishing sexual dimorphisms from sex differences). We then compare the different approaches available for studying sex differences across a large number of individuals: direct analysis, meta-analysis, and review. We stress that reviews do not account for methodological differences across studies, and that this variation explains many of the apparent inconsistencies reported throughout recent reviews (including the work by Eliot and colleagues). For instance, we show that amygdala volume is consistently reported as male-biased in studies with sufficient sample sizes and appropriate methods for brain size correction. In fact, comparing the results from multiple large direct analyses highlights small, highly reproducible sex differences in the volume of many brain regions (controlling for brain size). Finally, we describe best practices for the presentation and interpretation of these findings. Care in interpretation is important for all domains of science, but especially so for research on sex differences in the human brain, given the existence of broad societal gender-biases and a history of biological data being used justify sexist ideas. As such, we urge researchers to discuss their results from simultaneously scientific and anti-sexist viewpoints.
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43
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Hobday H, Cole JH, Stanyard RA, Daws RE, Giampietro V, O'Daly O, Leech R, Váša F. Tissue volume estimation and age prediction using rapid structural brain scans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12005. [PMID: 35835813 PMCID: PMC9283414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14904-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The multicontrast EPImix sequence generates six contrasts, including a T1-weighted scan, in ~1 min. EPImix shows comparable diagnostic performance to conventional scans under qualitative clinical evaluation, and similarities in simple quantitative measures including contrast intensity. However, EPImix scans have not yet been compared to standard MRI scans using established quantitative measures. In this study, we compared conventional and EPImix-derived T1-weighted scans of 64 healthy participants using tissue volume estimates and predicted brain-age. All scans were pre-processed using the SPM12 DARTEL pipeline, generating measures of grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid volume. Brain-age was predicted using brainageR, a Gaussian Processes Regression model previously trained on a large sample of standard T1-weighted scans. Estimates of both global and voxel-wise tissue volume showed significantly similar results between standard and EPImix-derived T1-weighted scans. Brain-age estimates from both sequences were significantly correlated, although EPImix T1-weighted scans showed a systematic offset in predictions of chronological age. Supplementary analyses suggest that this is likely caused by the reduced field of view of EPImix scans, and the use of a brain-age model trained using conventional T1-weighted scans. However, this systematic error can be corrected using additional regression of T1-predicted brain-age onto EPImix-predicted brain-age. Finally, retest EPImix scans acquired for 10 participants demonstrated high test-retest reliability in all evaluated quantitative measurements. Quantitative analysis of EPImix scans has potential to reduce scanning time, increasing participant comfort and reducing cost, as well as to support automation of scanning, utilising active learning for faster and individually-tailored (neuro)imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Hobday
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James H Cole
- Department of Computer Science, Centre for Medical Image Computing, University College London, London, UK.,Dementia Research Centre, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ryan A Stanyard
- Department of Forensic and Developmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard E Daws
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Vincent Giampietro
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Owen O'Daly
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robert Leech
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - František Váša
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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44
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Onicas AI, Ware AL, Harris AD, Beauchamp MH, Beaulieu C, Craig W, Doan Q, Freedman SB, Goodyear BG, Zemek R, Yeates KO, Lebel C. Multisite Harmonization of Structural DTI Networks in Children: An A-CAP Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:850642. [PMID: 35785336 PMCID: PMC9247315 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.850642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of large, multisite neuroimaging datasets provides a promising means for robust characterization of brain networks that can reduce false positives and improve reproducibility. However, the use of different MRI scanners introduces variability to the data. Managing those sources of variability is increasingly important for the generation of accurate group-level inferences. ComBat is one of the most promising tools for multisite (multiscanner) harmonization of structural neuroimaging data, but no study has examined its application to graph theory metrics derived from the structural brain connectome. The present work evaluates the use of ComBat for multisite harmonization in the context of structural network analysis of diffusion-weighted scans from the Advancing Concussion Assessment in Pediatrics (A-CAP) study. Scans were acquired on six different scanners from 484 children aged 8.00–16.99 years [Mean = 12.37 ± 2.34 years; 289 (59.7%) Male] ~10 days following mild traumatic brain injury (n = 313) or orthopedic injury (n = 171). Whole brain deterministic diffusion tensor tractography was conducted and used to construct a 90 x 90 weighted (average fractional anisotropy) adjacency matrix for each scan. ComBat harmonization was applied separately at one of two different stages during data processing, either on the (i) weighted adjacency matrices (matrix harmonization) or (ii) global network metrics derived using unharmonized weighted adjacency matrices (parameter harmonization). Global network metrics based on unharmonized adjacency matrices and each harmonization approach were derived. Robust scanner effects were found for unharmonized metrics. Some scanner effects remained significant for matrix harmonized metrics, but effect sizes were less robust. Parameter harmonized metrics did not differ by scanner. Intraclass correlations (ICC) indicated good to excellent within-scanner consistency between metrics calculated before and after both harmonization approaches. Age correlated with unharmonized network metrics, but was more strongly correlated with network metrics based on both harmonization approaches. Parameter harmonization successfully controlled for scanner variability while preserving network topology and connectivity weights, indicating that harmonization of global network parameters based on unharmonized adjacency matrices may provide optimal results. The current work supports the use of ComBat for removing multiscanner effects on global network topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian I. Onicas
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- MoMiLab Research Unit, IMT School for Advanced Studies Lucca, Lucca, Italy
- *Correspondence: Adrian I. Onicas
| | - Ashley L. Ware
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ashley D. Harris
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Miriam H. Beauchamp
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal and CHU Sainte-Justine Hospital Research Center, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Beaulieu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - William Craig
- University of Alberta and Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Quynh Doan
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen B. Freedman
- Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Bradley G. Goodyear
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Roger Zemek
- Department of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Keith Owen Yeates
- Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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45
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Gao P, Dong HM, Liu SM, Fan XR, Jiang C, Wang YS, Margulies D, Li HF, Zuo XN. A Chinese multi-modal neuroimaging data release for increasing diversity of human brain mapping. Sci Data 2022; 9:286. [PMID: 35680932 PMCID: PMC9184635 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-022-01413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The big-data use is becoming a standard practice in the neuroimaging field through data-sharing initiatives. It is important for the community to realize that such open science effort must protect personal, especially facial information when raw neuroimaging data are shared. An ideal tool for the face anonymization should not disturb subsequent brain tissue extraction and further morphological measurements. Using the high-resolution head images from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of 215 healthy Chinese, we discovered and validated a template effect on the face anonymization. Improved facial anonymization was achieved when the Chinese head templates but not the Western templates were applied to obscure the faces of Chinese brain images. This finding has critical implications for international brain imaging data-sharing. To facilitate the further investigation of potential culture-related impacts on and increase diversity of data-sharing for the human brain mapping, we released the 215 Chinese multi-modal MRI data into a database for imaging Chinese young brains, namely’I See your Brains (ISYB)’, to the public via the Science Data Bank (10.11922/sciencedb.00740). Measurement(s) | brain imaging measurements | Technology Type(s) | magnetic resonance imaging | Factor Type(s) | multimodal neuroimaging metrics | Sample Characteristic - Organism | Homo | Sample Characteristic - Environment | magnetic | Sample Characteristic - Location | North China |
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Hao-Ming Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, 100109, China
| | - Si-Man Liu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xue-Ru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chao Jiang
- School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yin-Shan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Daniel Margulies
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Frontlab, Brain and Spinal Cord Institute, Paris, UMR 7225, France
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. .,National Basic Science Data Center, Beijing, 100109, China. .,Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. .,Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China. .,Key Laboratory of Brain and Education, School of Education Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning, 530001, China.
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46
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Luciana M, Collins PF. Neuroplasticity, the Prefrontal Cortex, and Psychopathology-Related Deviations in Cognitive Control. Annu Rev Clin Psychol 2022; 18:443-469. [PMID: 35534121 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A basic survival need is the ability to respond to, and persevere in the midst of, experiential challenges. Mechanisms of neuroplasticity permit this responsivity via functional adaptations (flexibility), as well as more substantial structural modifications following chronic stress or injury. This review focuses on prefrontally based flexibility, expressed throughout large-scale neuronal networks through the actions of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. With substance use disorders and stress-related internalizing disorders as exemplars, we review human behavioral and neuroimaging data, considering whether executive control, particularly cognitive flexibility, is impaired premorbidly, enduringly compromised with illness progression, or both. We conclude that deviations in control processes are consistently expressed in the context of active illness but operate through different mechanisms and with distinct longitudinal patterns in externalizing versus internalizing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Luciana
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; ,
| | - Paul F Collins
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; ,
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47
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Tsurugizawa T. Translational Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Autism Spectrum Disorder From the Mouse Model to Human. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:872036. [PMID: 35585926 PMCID: PMC9108701 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.872036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by behavioral features such as impaired social communication, repetitive behavior patterns, and a lack of interest in novel objects. A multimodal neuroimaging using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with ASD shows highly heterogeneous abnormalities in function and structure in the brain associated with specific behavioral features. To elucidate the mechanism of ASD, several ASD mouse models have been generated, by focusing on some of the ASD risk genes. A specific behavioral feature of an ASD mouse model is caused by an altered gene expression or a modification of a gene product. Using these mouse models, a high field preclinical MRI enables us to non-invasively investigate the neuronal mechanism of the altered brain function associated with the behavior and ASD risk genes. Thus, MRI is a promising translational approach to bridge the gap between mice and humans. This review presents the evidence for multimodal MRI, including functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and volumetric analysis, in ASD mouse models and in patients with ASD and discusses the future directions for the translational study of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- *Correspondence: Tomokazu Tsurugizawa,
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48
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Aye N, Lehmann N, Kaufmann J, Heinze HJ, Düzel E, Taubert M, Ziegler G. Test-retest reliability of multi-parametric maps (MPM) of brain microstructure. Neuroimage 2022; 256:119249. [PMID: 35487455 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiparameter mapping (MPM) is a quantitative MRI protocol that is promising for studying microstructural brain changes in vivo with high specificity. Reliability values are an important prior knowledge for efficient study design and facilitating replicable findings in development, aging and neuroplasticity research. To explore longitudinal reliability of MPM we acquired the protocol in 31 healthy young subjects twice over a rescan interval of 4 weeks. We assessed the within-subject coefficient of variation (WCV), the between-subject coefficient of variation (BCV), and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Using these metrics, we investigated the reliability of (semi-) quantitative magnetization transfer saturation (MTsat), proton density (PD), transversal relaxation (R2*) and longitudinal relaxation (R1). To increase relevance for explorative studies in development and training-induced plasticity, we assess reliability both on local voxel- as well as ROI-level. Finally, we disentangle contributions and interplay of within- and between-subject variability to ICC and assess the optimal degree of spatial smoothing applied to the data. We reveal evidence that voxelwise ICC reliability of MPMs is moderate to good with median values in cortex (subcortical GM): MT: 0.789 (0.447) PD: 0.553 (0.264) R1: 0.555 (0.369) R2*: 0.624 (0.477). The Gaussian smoothing kernel of 2 to 4 mm FWHM resulted in optimal reproducibility. We discuss these findings in the context of longitudinal intervention studies and the application to research designs in neuroimaging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Aye
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Nico Lehmann
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Stephanstraße 1a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörn Kaufmann
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Department of Neurology, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Leibniz-Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Brenneckestraße 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Emrah Düzel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, Bloomsbury, London, WC1N 3AZ United Kingdom
| | - Marco Taubert
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Institute III, Department of Sport Science, Otto von Guericke University, Zschokkestraße 32, 39104 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral and Brain Science (CBBS), Otto von Guericke University, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel Ziegler
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Leipziger Straße 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Dementia Research, Otto von Guericke University, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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49
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Serrano ME, Kim E, Petrinovic MM, Turkheimer F, Cash D. Imaging Synaptic Density: The Next Holy Grail of Neuroscience? Front Neurosci 2022; 16:796129. [PMID: 35401097 PMCID: PMC8990757 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.796129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is the central and most complex organ in the nervous system, comprising billions of neurons that constantly communicate through trillions of connections called synapses. Despite being formed mainly during prenatal and early postnatal development, synapses are continually refined and eliminated throughout life via complicated and hitherto incompletely understood mechanisms. Failure to correctly regulate the numbers and distribution of synapses has been associated with many neurological and psychiatric disorders, including autism, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and schizophrenia. Therefore, measurements of brain synaptic density, as well as early detection of synaptic dysfunction, are essential for understanding normal and abnormal brain development. To date, multiple synaptic density markers have been proposed and investigated in experimental models of brain disorders. The majority of the gold standard methodologies (e.g., electron microscopy or immunohistochemistry) visualize synapses or measure changes in pre- and postsynaptic proteins ex vivo. However, the invasive nature of these classic methodologies precludes their use in living organisms. The recent development of positron emission tomography (PET) tracers [such as (18F)UCB-H or (11C)UCB-J] that bind to a putative synaptic density marker, the synaptic vesicle 2A (SV2A) protein, is heralding a likely paradigm shift in detecting synaptic alterations in patients. Despite their limited specificity, novel, non-invasive magnetic resonance (MR)-based methods also show promise in inferring synaptic information by linking to glutamate neurotransmission. Although promising, all these methods entail various advantages and limitations that must be addressed before becoming part of routine clinical practice. In this review, we summarize and discuss current ex vivo and in vivo methods of quantifying synaptic density, including an evaluation of their reliability and experimental utility. We conclude with a critical assessment of challenges that need to be overcome before successfully employing synaptic density biomarkers as diagnostic and/or prognostic tools in the study of neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Serrano
- Department of Neuroimaging, The BRAIN Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Eugene Kim
- Department of Neuroimaging, The BRAIN Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marija M Petrinovic
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Federico Turkheimer
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Cash
- Department of Neuroimaging, The BRAIN Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, United Kingdom
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50
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Brosnan MB, Shalev N, Ramduny J, Sotiropoulos SN, Chechlacz M. Right fronto-parietal networks mediate the neurocognitive benefits of enriched environments. Brain Commun 2022; 4:fcac080. [PMID: 35474852 PMCID: PMC9035529 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to enriched environments throughout a lifetime, providing so-called reserve, protects against cognitive decline in later years. It has been hypothesized that high levels of alertness necessitated by enriched environments might strengthen the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate this neurocognitive resilience. We have previously shown that enriched environments offset age-related deficits in selective attention by preserving grey matter within right fronto-parietal regions. Here, using neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging, we examined the relationship between enriched environments, microstructural properties of fronto-parietal white matter association pathways (three branches of the superior longitudinal fasciculus), structural brain health (atrophy), and attention (alertness, orienting and executive control) in a group of older adults. We show that exposure to enriched environments is associated with a lower orientation dispersion index within the right superior longitudinal fasciculus 1 which in turn mediates the relationship between enriched environments and alertness, as well as grey and white matter atrophy. This suggests that enriched environments may induce white matter plasticity (and prevent age-related dispersion of axons) within the right fronto-parietal networks to facilitate the preservation of neurocognitive health in later years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Méadhbh B. Brosnan
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nir Shalev
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jivesh Ramduny
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Stamatios N. Sotiropoulos
- Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
| | - Magdalena Chechlacz
- Centre for Human Brain Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Psychology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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