1
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Martin-Solana E, Carter SD, Donahue EKF, Ning J, Glausier JR, Preisegger MA, Eisenman L, Joseph PN, Bouchet-Marquis C, Wu K, Mobini CL, Frantz AN, Puig S, Hampton CM, Kabbani N, Jensen GJ, Watkins SC, Deisseroth K, Fenno LE, Gold MS, Wills ZP, Burkewitz K, Das S, Freyberg Z. Ribosome-Associated Vesicles promote activity-dependent local translation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.598007. [PMID: 38895376 PMCID: PMC11185778 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.598007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Local protein synthesis in axons and dendrites underpins synaptic plasticity. However, the composition of the protein synthesis machinery in distal neuronal processes and the mechanisms for its activity-driven deployment to local translation sites remain unclear. Here, we employed cryo-electron tomography, volume electron microscopy, and live-cell imaging to identify Ribosome-Associated Vesicles (RAVs) as a dynamic platform for moving ribosomes to distal processes. Stimulation via chemically-induced long-term potentiation causes RAV accumulation in distal sites to drive local translation. We also demonstrate activity-driven changes in RAV generation and dynamics in vivo, identifying tubular ER shaping proteins in RAV biogenesis. Together, our work identifies a mechanism for ribosomal delivery to distal sites in neurons to promote activity-dependent local translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Martin-Solana
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephen D Carter
- MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eric K F Donahue
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jiying Ning
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jill R Glausier
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Leanna Eisenman
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paul N Joseph
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Ken Wu
- Materials and Structural Analysis, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, USA
| | | | - Amber N Frantz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie Puig
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Cheri M Hampton
- UES, Inc., Dayton, OH, USA
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Nadine Kabbani
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Grant J Jensen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Simon C Watkins
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Karl Deisseroth
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lief E Fenno
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, University of Texas Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael S Gold
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zachary P Wills
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kristopher Burkewitz
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sulagna Das
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, NY
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zachary Freyberg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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2
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Minoshima M, Reja SI, Hashimoto R, Iijima K, Kikuchi K. Hybrid Small-Molecule/Protein Fluorescent Probes. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6198-6270. [PMID: 38717865 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are powerful tools for visualizing protein localization and function in living cells. These hybrid probes are constructed by diverse site-specific chemical protein labeling approaches through chemical reactions to exogenous peptide/small protein tags, enzymatic post-translational modifications, bioorthogonal reactions for genetically incorporated unnatural amino acids, and ligand-directed chemical reactions. The hybrid small-molecule/protein fluorescent probes are employed for imaging protein trafficking, conformational changes, and bioanalytes surrounding proteins. In addition, fluorescent hybrid probes facilitate visualization of protein dynamics at the single-molecule level and the defined structure with super-resolution imaging. In this review, we discuss development and the bioimaging applications of fluorescent probes based on small-molecule/protein hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Minoshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Shahi Imam Reja
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Ryu Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Kohei Iijima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kikuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
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3
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Hacisuleyman E, Hale CR, Noble N, Luo JD, Fak JJ, Saito M, Chen J, Weissman JS, Darnell RB. Neuronal activity rapidly reprograms dendritic translation via eIF4G2:uORF binding. Nat Neurosci 2024; 27:822-835. [PMID: 38589584 PMCID: PMC11088998 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01615-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Learning and memory require activity-induced changes in dendritic translation, but which mRNAs are involved and how they are regulated are unclear. In this study, to monitor how depolarization impacts local dendritic biology, we employed a dendritically targeted proximity labeling approach followed by crosslinking immunoprecipitation, ribosome profiling and mass spectrometry. Depolarization of primary cortical neurons with KCl or the glutamate agonist DHPG caused rapid reprogramming of dendritic protein expression, where changes in dendritic mRNAs and proteins are weakly correlated. For a subset of pre-localized messages, depolarization increased the translation of upstream open reading frames (uORFs) and their downstream coding sequences, enabling localized production of proteins involved in long-term potentiation, cell signaling and energy metabolism. This activity-dependent translation was accompanied by the phosphorylation and recruitment of the non-canonical translation initiation factor eIF4G2, and the translated uORFs were sufficient to confer depolarization-induced, eIF4G2-dependent translational control. These studies uncovered an unanticipated mechanism by which activity-dependent uORF translational control by eIF4G2 couples activity to local dendritic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Hacisuleyman
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Caryn R Hale
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Natalie Noble
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ji-Dung Luo
- Bioinformatics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - John J Fak
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Misa Saito
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Cecil H. and Ida Green Center for Reproductive Biology Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute of Science, Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan S Weissman
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Robert B Darnell
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuro-oncology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
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Tan JW, An JJ, Deane H, Xu H, Liao GY, Xu B. Neurotrophin-3 from the dentate gyrus supports postsynaptic sites of mossy fiber-CA3 synapses and hippocampus-dependent cognitive functions. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:1192-1204. [PMID: 38212372 PMCID: PMC11176039 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
At the center of the hippocampal tri-synaptic loop are synapses formed between mossy fiber (MF) terminals from granule cells in the dentate gyrus (DG) and proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal neurons. However, the molecular mechanism regulating the development and function of these synapses is poorly understood. In this study, we showed that neurotrophin-3 (NT3) was expressed in nearly all mature granule cells but not CA3 cells. We selectively deleted the NT3-encoding Ntf3 gene in the DG during the first two postnatal weeks to generate a Ntf3 conditional knockout (Ntf3-cKO). Ntf3-cKO mice of both sexes had normal hippocampal cytoarchitecture but displayed impairments in contextual memory, spatial reference memory, and nest building. Furthermore, male Ntf3-cKO mice exhibited anxiety-like behaviors, whereas female Ntf3-cKO showed some mild depressive symptoms. As MF-CA3 synapses are essential for encoding of contextual memory, we examined synaptic transmission at these synapses using ex vivo electrophysiological recordings. We found that Ntf3-cKO mice had impaired basal synaptic transmission due to deficits in excitatory postsynaptic currents mediated by AMPA receptors but normal presynaptic function and intrinsic excitability of CA3 pyramidal neurons. Consistent with this selective postsynaptic deficit, Ntf3-cKO mice had fewer and smaller thorny excrescences on proximal apical dendrites of CA3 neurons and lower GluR1 levels in the stratum lucidum area where MF-CA3 synapses reside but normal MF terminals, compared with control mice. Thus, our study indicates that NT3 expressed in the dentate gyrus is crucial for the postsynaptic structure and function of MF-CA3 synapses and hippocampal-dependent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Wei Tan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Juan Ji An
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Hannah Deane
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Haifei Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Guey-Ying Liao
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA
| | - Baoji Xu
- Department of Neuroscience, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, University of Florida, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
- Skaggs Graduate School of Chemical and Biological Sciences, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
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5
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Koesters AG, Rich MM, Engisch KL. Diverging from the Norm: Reevaluating What Miniature Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents Tell Us about Homeostatic Synaptic Plasticity. Neuroscientist 2024; 30:49-70. [PMID: 35904350 DOI: 10.1177/10738584221112336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The idea that the nervous system maintains a set point of network activity and homeostatically returns to that set point in the face of dramatic disruption-during development, after injury, in pathologic states, and during sleep/wake cycles-is rapidly becoming accepted as a key plasticity behavior, placing it alongside long-term potentiation and depression. The dramatic growth in studies of homeostatic synaptic plasticity of miniature excitatory synaptic currents (mEPSCs) is attributable, in part, to the simple yet elegant mechanism of uniform multiplicative scaling proposed by Turrigiano and colleagues: that neurons sense their own activity and globally multiply the strength of every synapse by a single factor to return activity to the set point without altering established differences in synaptic weights. We have recently shown that for mEPSCs recorded from control and activity-blocked cultures of mouse cortical neurons, the synaptic scaling factor is not uniform but is close to 1 for the smallest mEPSC amplitudes and progressively increases as mEPSC amplitudes increase, which we term divergent scaling. Using insights gained from simulating uniform multiplicative scaling, we review evidence from published studies and conclude that divergent synaptic scaling is the norm rather than the exception. This conclusion has implications for hypotheses about the molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Koesters
- Department of Behavior, Cognition, and Neurophysiology, Environmental Health Effects Laboratory, Naval Medical Research Unit-Dayton, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, USA
| | - Mark M Rich
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Physiology, College of Science and Mathematics, and Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - Kathrin L Engisch
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology, and Physiology, College of Science and Mathematics, and Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
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6
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Wakazono Y, Midorikawa R, Takamiya K. Temporal and quantitative analysis of the functional expression of Ca 2+-permeable AMPA receptors during LTP. Neurosci Res 2024; 198:21-29. [PMID: 37429464 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we attempted to temporally and quantitatively analyze the functional contributions of Ca2+-permeable (CP) α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) during long-term potentiation (LTP) expression using electrophysiological and pharmacological approaches. In hippocampal CA1 neurons, using 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine (NASPM), a CP-AMPAR antagonist, we began by demonstrating that NASPM-sensitive components, probably including the GluA1 homomer, functionally contributed to about 15% of AMPAR-mediated EPSC amplitude in basal conditions. Then, when NASPM was treated at different time points (3-30 min) after LTP induction, it was found that LTP was almost completely impaired at 3 or 10 min but maintained at 20 or 30 min, although its potentiation was reduced. Further temporal and quantitative analysis revealed that the functional expression of CP-AMPARs began increasing approximately 20 min after LTP induction and reached more than twice the basal level at 30 min. These results suggest that CP-AMPARs in the first 3-10 min of LTP might play an important role in LTP maintenance. Moreover, their decay time was also significantly increased at 30 min, suggesting that CP-AMPARs changed not only quantitatively in LTP but also qualitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Wakazono
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan; Laboratory of Biophysical Research, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Midorikawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Kogo Takamiya
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Japan; Laboratory of Biophysical Research, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Japan.
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7
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Fetterly TL, Catalfio AM, Ferrario CR. Effects of junk-food on food-motivated behavior and nucleus accumbens glutamate plasticity; insights into the mechanism of calcium-permeable AMPA receptor recruitment. Neuropharmacology 2024; 242:109772. [PMID: 37898332 PMCID: PMC10883075 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
In rats, eating obesogenic diets increases calcium-permeable AMPA receptor (CP-AMPAR) transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core, and enhances food-motivated behavior. Interestingly, these diet-induced alterations in NAc transmission are pronounced and sustained in obesity-prone (OP) male rats and absent in obesity-resistant (OR) populations. However, effects of diet manipulation on food motivation, and the mechanisms underlying this NAc plasticity in OPs is unknown. Using male selectively-bred OP and OR rats, we assessed food-motivated behavior following ad lib access to chow (CH), junk-food (JF), or 10d of JF followed by a return to chow diet (JF-Dep). Motivation for food was greater in OP than OR rats, as expected. However, JF-Dep only produced enhancements in food-seeking in OP groups, while continuous JF access reduced food-seeking in both OPs and ORs. Additionally, optogenetic, chemogenetic, and pharmacological approaches were used to examine NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment following diet manipulation and ex vivo treatment of brain slices. Reducing excitatory transmission in the NAc was sufficient to recruit CP-AMPARs to synapses in OPs, but not ORs. In OPs, JF-induced increases in CP-AMPARs occurred in mPFC-, but not BLA-to-NAc inputs. Together results show that diet differentially affects behavioral and neural plasticity in obesity susceptible populations. We also identify conditions for acute recruitment of NAc CP-AMPARs; these results suggest that synaptic scaling mechanisms contribute to NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment. Overall, this work helps elucidate how diet interacts with obesity susceptibility to influence food-motivated behavior and extends our fundamental understanding of NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Fetterly
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Amanda M Catalfio
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carrie R Ferrario
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Psychology Department (Biopsychology) University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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8
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Chen CM, Wu CC, Kim Y, Hsu WY, Tsai YC, Chiu SL. Enhancing social behavior in an autism spectrum disorder mouse model: investigating the underlying mechanisms of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum intervention. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2359501. [PMID: 38841895 PMCID: PMC11164232 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting over 1% of the global population. Individuals with ASD often exhibit complex behavioral conditions, including significant social difficulties and repetitive behaviors. Moreover, ASD often co-occurs with several other conditions, including intellectual disabilities and anxiety disorders. The etiology of ASD remains largely unknown owing to its complex genetic variations and associated environmental risks. Ultimately, this poses a fundamental challenge for the development of effective ASD treatment strategies. Previously, we demonstrated that daily supplementation with the probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PS128 (PS128) alleviates ASD symptoms in children. However, the mechanism underlying this improvement in ASD-associated behaviors remains unclear. Here, we used a well-established ASD mouse model, induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA), to study the physiological roles of PS128 in vivo. Overall, we showed that PS128 selectively ameliorates behavioral abnormalities in social and spatial memory in VPA-induced ASD mice. Morphological examination of dendritic architecture further revealed that PS128 facilitated the restoration of dendritic arborization and spine density in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of ASD mice. Notably, PS128 was crucial for restoring oxytocin levels in the paraventricular nucleus and oxytocin receptor signaling in the hippocampus. Moreover, PS128 alters the gut microbiota composition and increases the abundance of Bifidobacterium spp. and PS128-induced changes in Bifidobacterium abundance positively correlated with PS128-induced behavioral improvements. Together, our results show that PS128 treatment can effectively ameliorate ASD-associated behaviors and reinstate oxytocin levels in VPA-induced mice, thereby providing a promising strategy for the future development of ASD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Ming Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research and Development Department, Bened Biomedical Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Wu
- Research and Development Department, Bened Biomedical Co. Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yebeen Kim
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yu Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Tsai
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Ling Chiu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology and Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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9
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Chen M, Xu L, Wu Y, Soba P, Hu C. The organization and function of the Golgi apparatus in dendrite development and neurological disorders. Genes Dis 2023; 10:2425-2442. [PMID: 37554209 PMCID: PMC10404969 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrites are specialized neuronal compartments that sense, integrate and transfer information in the neural network. Their development is tightly controlled and abnormal dendrite morphogenesis is strongly linked to neurological disorders. While dendritic morphology ranges from relatively simple to extremely complex for a specified neuron, either requires a functional secretory pathway to continually replenish proteins and lipids to meet dendritic growth demands. The Golgi apparatus occupies the center of the secretory pathway and is regulating posttranslational modifications, sorting, transport, and signal transduction, as well as acting as a non-centrosomal microtubule organization center. The neuronal Golgi apparatus shares common features with Golgi in other eukaryotic cell types but also forms distinct structures known as Golgi outposts that specifically localize in dendrites. However, the organization and function of Golgi in dendrite development and its impact on neurological disorders is just emerging and so far lacks a systematic summary. We describe the organization of the Golgi apparatus in neurons, review the current understanding of Golgi function in dendritic morphogenesis, and discuss the current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510320, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510320, China
| | - Peter Soba
- LIMES Institute, Department of Molecular Brain Physiology and Behavior, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Chun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education Institute for Brain, Science and Rehabilitation, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631, China
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10
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Yang J, Yuan S, Jian Y, Lei Y, Hu Z, Yang Q, Yan X, Zheng L, Li J, Liu W. Aerobic exercise regulates GPR81 signal pathway and mediates complement- microglia axis homeostasis on synaptic protection in the early stage of Alzheimer's disease. Life Sci 2023; 331:122042. [PMID: 37634815 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Memory impairment is a major clinical manifestation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, while regular exercise may prevent and delay degenerative changes in memory functions, and our aim is to explore the influence and molecular mechanisms of aerobic exercise on the early stages of Alzheimer's disease. MAIN METHODS 3-month-old male APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice and C57BL/6J wild-type mice were randomly divided into four groups: wild-type and APP/PS1 mice with sedentary (WT-SED, AD-SED), and running (WT-RUN, AD-RUN) for 12-weeks. The spatial learning and memory function, RNA-sequencing, spine density, synaptic associated protein, mRNA and protein expression involved in G protein-coupled receptor 81 (GPR81) signaling pathway, and complement factors in brain were measured. KEY FINDINGS Aerobic exercise improved spatial learning and memory in APP/PS1 mice, potentially attributed to increased dendritic spine density. Subsequently, potential underlying mechanisms were identified through RNA sequencing: regular aerobic exercise could activate the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and upregulate synaptic function-related proteins to promote synaptic growth, possibly by modulating GPR81. Notably, regular aerobic exercise inhibited microglial activation, reversed the microglial phenotype, reduced the production of initiation factor C1q and central factor C3 in the complement cascade in the brain, prevented the colocalization of microglia and PSD-95, and thus prevented synaptic loss. SIGNIFICANCE Physical exercise could play a critical role in improving cognitive function in AD by promoting synaptic growth and preventing synaptic loss, which may be related to the regulation of the GPR81/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and inhibition of complement-mediated microglial phagocytosis of synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialun Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Shunling Yuan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Ye Jian
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Yong Lei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Zelin Hu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Qiming Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Xinjun Yan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China
| | - Jianghua Li
- College of Physical Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Wenfeng Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Fitness and Sports Rehabilitation, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China; Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China.
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11
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Hoang MN, Peterbauer C. Double-Labeling Method for Visualization and Quantification of Membrane-Associated Proteins in Lactococcus lactis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10586. [PMID: 37445764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus lactis displaying recombinant proteins on its surface can be used as a potential drug delivery vector in prophylactic medication and therapeutic treatments for many diseases. These applications enable live-cell mucosal and oral administration, providing painless, needle-free solutions and triggering robust immune response at the site of pathogen entry. Immunization requires quantitative control of antigens and, ideally, a complete understanding of the bacterial processing mechanism applied to the target proteins. In this study, we propose a double-labeling method based on a conjugated dye specific for a recombinantly introduced polyhistidine tag (to visualize surface-exposed proteins) and a membrane-permeable dye specific for a tetra-cysteine tag (to visualize cytoplasmic proteins), combined with a method to block the labeling of surface-exposed tetra-cysteine tags, to clearly obtain location-specific signals of the two dyes. This allows simultaneous detection and quantification of targeted proteins on the cell surface and in the cytoplasm. Using this method, we were able to detect full-length peptide chains for the model proteins HtrA and BmpA in L. lactis, which are associated with the cell membrane by two different attachment modes, and thus confirm that membrane-associated proteins in L. lactis are secreted using the Sec-dependent post-translational pathway. We were able to quantitatively follow cytoplasmic protein production and accumulation and subsequent export and surface attachment, which provides a convenient tool for monitoring these processes for cell surface display applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ngoc Hoang
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Human Medicine, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Peterbauer
- Institute of Food Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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12
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Ghaffari LT, Trotti D, Haeusler AR. Differential response of C9orf72 transcripts following neuronal depolarization. iScience 2023; 26:106959. [PMID: 37332610 PMCID: PMC10272498 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The (G4C2)n nucleotide repeat expansion (NRE) mutation in C9orf72 is the most common genetic cause of ALS and FTD. The biological functions of C9orf72 are becoming understood, but it is unclear if this gene is regulated in a neural-specific manner. Neuronal activity is a crucial modifier of biological processes in health and neurodegenerative disease contexts. Here, we show that prolonged membrane depolarization in healthy human iPSC-cortical neurons leads to a significant downregulation of a transcript variant 3 (V3) of C9orf72, with a concomitant increase in variant 2 (V2), which leads to total C9orf72 RNA transcript levels remaining unchanged. However, the same response is not observed in cortical neurons derived from patients with the C9-NRE mutation. These findings reveal the impact of depolarization on C9orf72 transcripts, and how this response diverges in C9-NRE-carriers, which may have important implications in the underlying unique clinical associations of C9-NRE transcripts and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla T. Ghaffari
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Davide Trotti
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Aaron R. Haeusler
- Jefferson Weinberg ALS Center, Vickie and Jack Farber Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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13
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Fetterly TL, Catalfio AM, Ferrario CR. Effects of junk-food on food-motivated behavior and NAc glutamate plasticity; insights into the mechanism of NAc calcium-permeable AMPA receptor recruitment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.16.540977. [PMID: 37292760 PMCID: PMC10245687 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.16.540977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In rats, eating obesogenic diets increase calcium-permeable AMPA receptor (CP-AMPAR) transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core, and enhances food-motivated behavior. Interestingly these diet-induced alterations in NAc transmission are pronounced in obesity-prone (OP) rats and absent in obesity-resistant (OR) populations. However, effects of diet manipulation on food motivation, and the mechanisms underlying NAc plasticity in OPs is unknown. Using male selectively-bred OP and OR rats, we assessed food-motivated behavior following ad lib access to chow (CH), junk-food (JF), or 10d of JF followed by a return to chow diet (JF-Dep). Behavioral tests included conditioned reinforcement, instrumental responding, and free consumption. Additionally, optogenetic, chemogenetic, and pharmacological approaches were used to examine NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment following diet manipulation and ex vivo treatment of brain slices. Motivation for food was greater in OP than OR rats, as expected. However, JF-Dep only produced enhancements in food-seeking in OP groups, while continuous JF access reduced food-seeking in both OPs and ORs. Reducing excitatory transmission in the NAc was sufficient to recruit CP-AMPARs to synapses in OPs, but not ORs. In OPs, JF-induced increases in CP-AMPARs occurred in mPFC-, but not BLA-to-NAc inputs. Diet differentially affects behavioral and neural plasticity in obesity susceptible populations. We also identify conditions for acute recruitment of NAc CP-AMPARs; these results suggest that synaptic scaling mechanisms contribute to NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment. Overall, this work improves our understanding of how sugary, fatty food consumption interacts with obesity susceptibility to influence food-motivated behavior. It also extends our fundamental understanding of NAc CP-AMPAR recruitment; this has important implications for motivation in the context of obesity as well as drug addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L. Fetterly
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Amanda M. Catalfio
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carrie R. Ferrario
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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14
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Inouye MO, Colameo D, Ammann I, Winterer J, Schratt G. miR-329- and miR-495-mediated Prr7 down-regulation is required for homeostatic synaptic depression in rat hippocampal neurons. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/12/e202201520. [PMID: 36150742 PMCID: PMC9510147 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In rat hippocampal neurons, miRNA-dependent regulation of the synaptic Prr7 protein is required for the homeostatic synaptic depression of excitatory synapses upstream of the CDK5-SPAR pathway. Homeostatic synaptic depression (HSD) in excitatory neurons is a cell-autonomous mechanism which protects excitatory neurons from over-excitation as a consequence of chronic increases in network activity. In this process, excitatory synapses are weakened and eventually eliminated, as evidenced by a reduction in synaptic AMPA receptor expression and dendritic spine loss. Originally considered a global, cell-wide mechanism, local forms of regulation, such as the local control of mRNA translation in dendrites, are being increasingly recognized in HSD. Yet, identification of excitatory proteins whose local regulation is required for HSD is still limited. Here, we show that proline-rich protein 7/transmembrane adapter protein 3 (Prr7) down-regulation in dendrites of rat hippocampal neurons is necessary for HSD induced by chronic increase in network activity resulting from a blockade of inhibitory synaptic transmission by picrotoxin (PTX). We further identify two activity-regulated miRNAs, miR-329-3p and miR-495-3p, which inhibit Prr7 mRNA translation and are required for HSD. Moreover, we found that Prr7 knockdown reduces expression of the synaptic scaffolding protein SPAR, which is rescued by pharmacological inhibition of CDK5, indicating a role of Prr7 protein in the maintenance of excitatory synapses via protection of SPAR from degradation. Together, our findings highlight a novel HSD mechanism in which chronic activity leads to miR-329– and miR-495–mediated Prr7 reduction upstream of the CDK5-SPAR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko O Inouye
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Colameo
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Irina Ammann
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Winterer
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Schratt
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, Zürich, Switzerland
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15
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Cordella F, Ferrucci L, D’Antoni C, Ghirga S, Brighi C, Soloperto A, Gigante Y, Ragozzino D, Bezzi P, Di Angelantonio S. Human iPSC-Derived Cortical Neurons Display Homeostatic Plasticity. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12111884. [PMID: 36431019 PMCID: PMC9696876 DOI: 10.3390/life12111884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the excitability of neurons and circuits is fundamental for healthy brain functions. The global compensatory increase in excitatory synaptic strength, in response to decreased activity, is one of the main homeostatic mechanisms responsible for such regulation. This type of plasticity has been extensively characterized in rodents in vivo and in vitro, but few data exist on human neurons maturation. We have generated an in vitro cortical model system, based on differentiated human-induced pluripotent stem cells, chronically treated with tetrodotoxin, to investigate homeostatic plasticity at different developmental stages. Our findings highlight the presence of homeostatic plasticity in human cortical networks and show that the changes in synaptic strength are due to both pre- and post-synaptic mechanisms. Pre-synaptic plasticity involves the potentiation of neurotransmitter release machinery, associated to an increase in synaptic vesicle proteins expression. At the post-synaptic level, we report an increase in the expression of post-synaptic density proteins, involved in glutamatergic receptor anchoring. These results extend our understanding of neuronal homeostasis and reveal the developmental regulation of its expression in human cortical networks. Since induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons can be obtained from patients with neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases, our platform offers a versatile model for assessing human neural plasticity under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cordella
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Ferrucci
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara D’Antoni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Ghirga
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Brighi
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- CrestOptics S.p.A., Via di Torre Rossa 66, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Soloperto
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ylenia Gigante
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- D-Tails s.r.l., Via di Torre Rossa 66, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Ragozzino
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Santa Lucia Foundation, European Center for Brain Research, 00143 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Bezzi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Correspondence: or (P.B.); or (S.D.A.)
| | - Silvia Di Angelantonio
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano- & Neuro-Science of Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), 00161 Rome, Italy
- D-Tails s.r.l., Via di Torre Rossa 66, 00165 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: or (P.B.); or (S.D.A.)
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16
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Endocytosis in the axon initial segment maintains neuronal polarity. Nature 2022; 609:128-135. [PMID: 35978188 PMCID: PMC9433327 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are highly polarized cells that face the fundamental challenge of compartmentalizing a vast and diverse repertoire of proteins in order to function properly1. The axon initial segment (AIS) is a specialized domain that separates a neuron’s morphologically, biochemically and functionally distinct axon and dendrite compartments2,3. How the AIS maintains polarity between these compartments is not fully understood. Here we find that in Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, rat and human neurons, dendritically and axonally polarized transmembrane proteins are recognized by endocytic machinery in the AIS, robustly endocytosed and targeted to late endosomes for degradation. Forcing receptor interaction with the AIS master organizer, ankyrinG, antagonizes receptor endocytosis in the AIS, causes receptor accumulation in the AIS, and leads to polarity deficits with subsequent morphological and behavioural defects. Therefore, endocytic removal of polarized receptors that diffuse into the AIS serves as a membrane-clearance mechanism that is likely to work in conjunction with the known AIS diffusion-barrier mechanism to maintain neuronal polarity on the plasma membrane. Our results reveal a conserved endocytic clearance mechanism in the AIS to maintain neuronal polarity by reinforcing axonal and dendritic compartment membrane boundaries. Endocytosis and degradation of plasma membrane proteins in the axon initial segment, together with the diffusion-barrier mechanism, maintain a polarized distribution of plasma membrane proteins in Caenorhabditis elegans, mouse, rat and human neurons.
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17
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Hwang JY, Monday HR, Yan J, Gompers A, Buxbaum AR, Sawicka KJ, Singer RH, Castillo PE, Zukin RS. CPEB3-dependent increase in GluA2 subunits impairs excitatory transmission onto inhibitory interneurons in a mouse model of fragile X. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110853. [PMID: 35675768 PMCID: PMC9671216 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading cause of inherited intellectual disability and autism. Whereas dysregulated RNA translation in Fmr1 knockout (KO) mice, a model of FXS, is well studied, little is known about aberrant transcription. Using single-molecule mRNA detection, we show that mRNA encoding the AMPAR subunit GluA2 (but not GluA1) is elevated in dendrites and at transcription sites of hippocampal neurons of Fmr1 KO mice, indicating elevated GluA2 transcription. We identify CPEB3, a protein implicated in memory consolidation, as an upstream effector critical to GluA2 mRNA expression in FXS. Increased GluA2 mRNA is translated into an increase in GluA2 subunits, a switch in synaptic AMPAR phenotype from GluA2-lacking, Ca2+-permeable to GluA2-containing, Ca2+-impermeable, reduced inhibitory synaptic transmission, and loss of NMDAR-independent LTP at glutamatergic synapses onto CA1 inhibitory interneurons. These factors could contribute to an excitatory/inhibitory imbalance-a common theme in FXS and other autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee-Yeon Hwang
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68178, USA,These authors contributed equally,Lead contact,Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.), (R.S.Z.)
| | - Hannah R. Monday
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Present address: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Jingqi Yan
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease, Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44115, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Andrea Gompers
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Adina R. Buxbaum
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Department of Structural & Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA,Present address: Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Kirsty J. Sawicka
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Present address: Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert H. Singer
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Department of Structural & Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - Pablo E. Castillo
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,These authors contributed equally
| | - R. Suzanne Zukin
- Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA,These authors contributed equally,Correspondence: (J.-Y.H.), (R.S.Z.)
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18
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Search for Selective Glua1 Ampa Receptor Antagonists in a Series of Dicationic Compounds. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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19
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Vergara P, Pino G, Vera J, Arancibia F, Sanhueza M. Heterogeneous CaMKII-Dependent Synaptic Compensations in CA1 Pyramidal Neurons From Acute Hippocampal Slices. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:821088. [PMID: 35431809 PMCID: PMC9005847 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.821088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged changes in neural activity trigger homeostatic synaptic plasticity (HSP) allowing neuronal networks to operate within functional ranges. Cell-wide or input-specific adaptations can be induced by pharmacological or genetic manipulations of activity, and by sensory deprivation. Reactive functional changes caused by deafferentation may partially share mechanisms with HSP. Acute hippocampal slices are a suitable model to investigate relatively rapid (hours) modifications occurring after denervation and explore the underlying mechanisms. As during slicing many afferents are cut, we conducted whole-cell recordings of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in CA1 pyramidal neurons to evaluate changes over the following 12 h. As Schaffer collaterals constitute a major glutamatergic input to these neurons, we also dissected CA3. We observed an average increment in mEPSCs amplitude and a decrease in decay time, suggesting synaptic AMPA receptor upregulation and subunit content modifications. Sorting mEPSC by rise time, a correlate of synapse location along dendrites, revealed amplitude raises at two separate domains. A specific frequency increase was observed in the same domains and was accompanied by a global, unspecific raise. Amplitude and frequency increments were lower at sites initially more active, consistent with local compensatory processes. Transient preincubation with a specific Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) inhibitor either blocked or occluded amplitude and frequency upregulation in different synapse populations. Results are consistent with the concurrent development of different known CaMKII-dependent HSP processes. Our observations support that deafferentation causes rapid and diverse compensations resembling classical slow forms of adaptation to inactivity. These results may contribute to understand fast-developing homeostatic or pathological events after brain injury.
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20
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Royo M, Escolano BA, Madrigal MP, Jurado S. AMPA Receptor Function in Hypothalamic Synapses. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2022; 14:833449. [PMID: 35173598 PMCID: PMC8842481 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2022.833449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are critical for mediating glutamatergic synaptic transmission and plasticity, thus playing a major role in the molecular machinery underlying cellular substrates of memory and learning. Their expression pattern, transport and regulatory mechanisms have been extensively studied in the hippocampus, but their functional properties in other brain regions remain poorly understood. Interestingly, electrophysiological and molecular evidence has confirmed a prominent role of AMPARs in the regulation of hypothalamic function. This review summarizes the existing evidence on AMPAR-mediated transmission in the hypothalamus, where they are believed to orchestrate the role of glutamatergic transmission in autonomous, neuroendocrine function, body homeostasis, and social behavior.
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21
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Abstract
Knowledge of the biology of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) is a prerequisite for any student of the neurosciences. But yet, half a century ago, the situation was quite different. There was fierce debate on whether simple amino acids, such as l-glutamic acid (L-Glu), should even be considered as putative neurotransmitter candidates that drive excitatory synaptic signaling in the vertebrate brain. Organic chemist, Jeff Watkins, and physiologist, Dick Evans, were amongst the pioneering scientists who shed light on these tribulations. By combining their technical expertise, they performed foundational work that explained that the actions of L-Glu were, in fact, mediated by a family of ion-channels that they named NMDA-, AMPA- and kainate-selective iGluRs. To celebrate and reflect upon their seminal work, Neuropharmacology has commissioned a series of issues that are dedicated to each member of the Glutamate receptor superfamily that includes both ionotropic and metabotropic classes. This issue brings together nine timely reviews from researchers whose work has brought renewed focus on AMPA receptors (AMPARs), the predominant neurotransmitter receptor at central synapses. Together with the larger collection of papers on other GluR family members, these issues highlight that the excitement, passion, and clarity that Watkins and Evans brought to the study of iGluRs is unlikely to fade as we move into a new era on this most interesting of ion-channel families.
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22
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Peters JJ, Leitz J, Oses-Prieto JA, Burlingame AL, Brunger AT. Molecular Characterization of AMPA-Receptor-Containing Vesicles. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:754631. [PMID: 34720876 PMCID: PMC8554035 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.754631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulated delivery of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) to the postsynaptic membrane is an essential step in synaptic strength modification, and in particular, long-term potentiation (LTP). While LTP has been extensively studied using electrophysiology and light microscopy, several questions regarding the molecular mechanisms of AMPAR delivery via trafficking vesicles remain outstanding, including the gross molecular make up of AMPAR trafficking organelles and identification and location of calcium sensors required for SNARE complex-dependent membrane fusion of such trafficking vesicles with the plasma membrane. Here, we isolated AMPA-containing vesicles (ACVs) from whole mouse brains via immunoisolation and characterized them using immunoelectron microscopy, immunoblotting, and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). We identified several proteins on ACVs that were previously found to play a role in AMPAR trafficking, including synaptobrevin-2, Rabs, the SM protein Munc18-1, the calcium-sensor synaptotagmin-1, as well as several new candidates, including synaptophysin and synaptogyrin on ACV membranes. Additionally, we identified two populations of ACVs based on size and molecular composition: small-diameter, synaptobrevin-2- and GluA1-containing ACVs, and larger transferrin- receptor-, GluA1-, GluA2-, and GluA3-containing ACVs. The small-diameter population of ACVs may represent a fusion-capable population of vesicles due to the presence of synaptobrevin-2. Because the fusion of ACVs may be a requisite of LTP, this population could represent trafficking vesicles related to LTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Jacob Peters
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jeremy Leitz
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Axel T Brunger
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Structural Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Department of Photon Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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23
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Perez JD, Fusco CM, Schuman EM. A Functional Dissection of the mRNA and Locally Synthesized Protein Population in Neuronal Dendrites and Axons. Annu Rev Genet 2021; 55:183-207. [PMID: 34460296 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genet-030321-054851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are characterized by a complex morphology that enables the generation of subcellular compartments with unique biochemical and biophysical properties, such as dendrites, axons, and synapses. To sustain these different compartments and carry a wide array of elaborate operations, neurons express a diverse repertoire of gene products. Extensive regulation at both the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels allows for the differentiation of subcellular compartments as well as numerous forms of plasticity in response to variable stimuli. Among the multiple mechanisms that control cellular functions, mRNA translation is manipulated by neurons to regulate where and when a protein emerges. Interestingly, transcriptomic and translatomic profiles of both dendrites and axons have revealed that the mRNA population only partially predicts the local protein population and that this relation significantly varies between different gene groups. Here, we describe the space that local translation occupies within the large molecular and regulatory complexity of neurons, in contrast to other modes of regulation. We then discuss the specialized organization of mRNAs within different neuronal compartments, as revealed by profiles of the local transcriptome. Finally, we discuss the features and functional implications of both locally correlated-and anticorrelated-mRNA-protein relations both under baseline conditions and during synaptic plasticity. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Genetics, Volume 55 is November 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio D Perez
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Claudia M Fusco
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Erin M Schuman
- Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany;
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24
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Ge Y, Wang YT. GluA1-homomeric AMPA receptor in synaptic plasticity and neurological diseases. Neuropharmacology 2021; 197:108708. [PMID: 34274350 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic transmission is one of the fundamental processes that all brain functions are based on. Changes in the strength of synaptic transmission among neurons are crucial for information processing in the central nervous system. The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) mediate the majority of the fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the mammalian brain. Rapid trafficking of AMPARs in and out of the postsynaptic membrane is proposed to be a major mechanism for synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory. Defects in the regulated AMPAR trafficking have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of certain psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases. Studies accumulated in the past 30 years have provided a detailed molecular insight on how the trafficking of AMPARs is modulated in a subunit-specific manner. In particular, emerging evidence supports that the regulated expression and trafficking of Ca2+-permeable, GluA1-homomeric subtype of AMPARs mediates diverse types of synaptic plasticity, thereby playing critical roles in brain function and dysfunction. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge of AMPAR subunit-specific trafficking, with a particular emphasis on the involvement of GluA1-homomeric receptor trafficking in synaptic plasticity and brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ge
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada; Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health and Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - Yu Tian Wang
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health and Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada.
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25
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Rajgor D, Welle TM, Smith KR. The Coordination of Local Translation, Membranous Organelle Trafficking, and Synaptic Plasticity in Neurons. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:711446. [PMID: 34336865 PMCID: PMC8317219 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.711446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons are highly complex polarized cells, displaying an extraordinary degree of spatial compartmentalization. At presynaptic and postsynaptic sites, far from the cell body, local protein synthesis is utilized to continually modify the synaptic proteome, enabling rapid changes in protein production to support synaptic function. Synapses undergo diverse forms of plasticity, resulting in long-term, persistent changes in synapse strength, which are paramount for learning, memory, and cognition. It is now well-established that local translation of numerous synaptic proteins is essential for many forms of synaptic plasticity, and much work has gone into deciphering the strategies that neurons use to regulate activity-dependent protein synthesis. Recent studies have pointed to a coordination of the local mRNA translation required for synaptic plasticity and the trafficking of membranous organelles in neurons. This includes the co-trafficking of RNAs to their site of action using endosome/lysosome “transports,” the regulation of activity-dependent translation at synapses, and the role of mitochondria in fueling synaptic translation. Here, we review our current understanding of these mechanisms that impact local translation during synaptic plasticity, providing an overview of these novel and nuanced regulatory processes involving membranous organelles in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipen Rajgor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Theresa M Welle
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Katharine R Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
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26
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Development of neuronal circuits: From synaptogenesis to synapse plasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 173:43-53. [PMID: 32958189 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64150-2.00005-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Optimal brain function critically hinges on the remarkably precise interconnections made among millions of neurons. These specialized interconnected neuronal junctions, termed synapses, are used for neuronal communication, whence the presynaptic neurons releases a specific neurotransmitter, which then binds to the appropriate protein receptor on the membrane of the postsynaptic neuron, activating and eliciting a response in this connected neuron. In this chapter, we discuss how synapses form and are modified as the brain matures. Genetic programs control most of the wiring in the brain, from allowing axons to choose where to target their synapses, to determining synapse identity. However, the final map of neuronal connectivity in the brain crucially relies on incoming sensory information during early childhood to strengthen and refine the preexisting synapses thus allowing both nature and nurture to shape the final structure and function of the nervous system (Fig. 5.1). Finally, we discuss how advances in the knowledge of basic mechanisms governing synapse formation and plasticity can shed light on the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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27
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Heterosynaptic cross-talk of pre- and postsynaptic strengths along segments of dendrites. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108693. [PMID: 33503435 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendrites are crucial for integrating incoming synaptic information. Individual dendritic branches are thought to constitute a signal processing unit, yet how neighboring synapses shape the boundaries of functional dendritic units is not well understood. Here, we address the cellular basis underlying the organization of the strengths of neighboring Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses by optical quantal analysis and spine size measurements. Inducing potentiation at clusters of spines produces NMDA-receptor-dependent heterosynaptic plasticity. The direction of postsynaptic strength change shows distance dependency to the stimulated synapses where proximal synapses predominantly depress, whereas distal synapses potentiate; potentiation and depression are regulated by CaMKII and calcineurin, respectively. In contrast, heterosynaptic presynaptic plasticity is confined to weakening of presynaptic strength of nearby synapses, which requires CaMKII and the retrograde messenger nitric oxide. Our findings highlight the parallel engagement of multiple signaling pathways, each with characteristic spatial dynamics in shaping the local pattern of synaptic strengths.
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28
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Wang Y, Shi Z, Zhang Y, Yan J, Yu W, Chen L. Oligomer β-amyloid Induces Hyperactivation of Ras to Impede NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation in Hippocampal CA1 of Mice. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:595360. [PMID: 33536910 PMCID: PMC7848859 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.595360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of Ras, a small GTPase protein, is increased in brains with Alzheimer’s disease. The objective of this study was to determine the influence of oligomeric Aβ1-42 on the activation of Ras, and the involvement of the Ras hyperactivity in Aβ1-42-induced deficits in spatial cognition and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Herein, we show that intracerebroventricular injection of Aβ1-42 in mice (Aβ-mice) enhanced hippocampal Ras activation and expression, while 60 min incubation of hippocampal slices in Aβ1-42 (Aβ-slices) only elevated Ras activity. Aβ-mice showed deficits in spatial cognition and NMDA receptor (NMDAR)-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal CA1, but basal synaptic transmission was enhanced. The above effects of Aβ1-42 were corrected by the Ras inhibitor farnesylthiosalicylic acid (FTS). ERK2 phosphorylation increased, and Src phosphorylation decreased in Aβ-mice and Aβ1-42-slices. Both were corrected by FTS. In CA1 pyramidal cells of Aβ1-42-slices, the response of AMPA receptor and phosphorylation of GluR1 were enhanced with dependence on Ras activation rather than ERK signaling. In contrast, NMDA receptor (NMDAR) function and GluN2A/2B phosphorylation were downregulated in Aβ1-42-slices, which was recovered by application of FTS or the Src activator ouabain, and mimicked in control slices treated with the Src inhibitor PP2. The administration of PP2 impaired the spatial cognition and LTP induction in control mice and FTS-treated Aβ-mice. The treatment of Aβ-mice with ouabain rescued Aβ-impaired spatial cognition and LTP. Overall, the results indicate that the oligomeric Aβ1-42 hyperactivates Ras and thereby causes the downregulation of Src which impedes NMDAR-dependent LTP induction resulting in cognitive deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaochun Shi
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases of Education Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Physiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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29
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UPF2 leads to degradation of dendritically targeted mRNAs to regulate synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:3360-3379. [PMID: 31636381 PMCID: PMC7566522 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0547-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity requires a tight control of mRNA levels in dendrites. RNA translation and degradation pathways have been recently linked to neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases, suggesting a role for RNA regulation in synaptic plasticity and cognition. While the local translation of specific mRNAs has been implicated in synaptic plasticity, the tightly controlled mechanisms that regulate local quantity of specific mRNAs remain poorly understood. Despite being the only RNA regulatory pathway that is associated with multiple mental illnesses, the nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) pathway presents an unexplored regulatory mechanism for synaptic function and plasticity. Here, we show that neuron-specific disruption of UPF2, an NMD component, in adulthood attenuates learning, memory, spine density, synaptic plasticity (L-LTP), and potentiates perseverative/repetitive behavior in mice. We report that the NMD pathway operates within dendrites to regulate Glutamate Receptor 1 (GLUR1) surface levels. Specifically, UPF2 modulates the internalization of GLUR1 and promotes its local synthesis in dendrites. We identified neuronal Prkag3 mRNA as a mechanistic substrate for NMD that contributes to the UPF2-mediated regulation of GLUR1 by limiting total GLUR1 levels. These data establish that UPF2 regulates synaptic plasticity, cognition, and local protein synthesis in dendrites, providing fundamental insight into the neuron-specific function of NMD within the brain.
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30
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Wang J, Fourriere L, Gleeson PA. Local Secretory Trafficking Pathways in Neurons and the Role of Dendritic Golgi Outposts in Different Cell Models. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:597391. [PMID: 33324160 PMCID: PMC7726432 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.597391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental characteristic of neurons is the relationship between the architecture of the polarized neuron and synaptic transmission between neurons. Intracellular membrane trafficking is paramount to establish and maintain neuronal structure; perturbation in trafficking results in defects in neurodevelopment and neurological disorders. Given the physical distance from the cell body to the distal sites of the axon and dendrites, transport of newly synthesized membrane proteins from the central cell body to their functional destination at remote, distal sites represents a conundrum. With the identification of secretory organelles in dendrites, including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi outposts (GOs), recent studies have proposed local protein synthesis and trafficking distinct from the conventional anterograde transport pathways of the cell body. A variety of different model organisms, including Drosophila, zebrafish, and rodents, have been used to probe the organization and function of the local neuronal secretory network. Here, we review the evidence for local secretory trafficking pathways in dendrites in a variety of cell-based neuronal systems and discuss both the similarities and differences in the organization and role of the local secretory organelles, especially the GOs. In addition, we identify the gaps in the current knowledge and the potential advances using human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in defining local membrane protein trafficking in human neurons and in understanding the molecular basis of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingqi Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lou Fourriere
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Gleeson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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31
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Fernandes D, Santos SD, Coutinho E, Whitt JL, Beltrão N, Rondão T, Leite MI, Buckley C, Lee HK, Carvalho AL. Disrupted AMPA Receptor Function upon Genetic- or Antibody-Mediated Loss of Autism-Associated CASPR2. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:4919-4931. [PMID: 30843029 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric disorders share susceptibility genes, suggesting a common origin. One such gene is CNTNAP2 encoding contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2), which harbours mutations associated to autism, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. Antibodies targeting CASPR2 have also been recently described in patients with several neurological disorders, such as neuromyotonia, Morvan's syndrome, and limbic encephalitis. Despite the clear implication of CNTNAP2 and CASPR2 in neuropsychiatric disorders, the pathogenic mechanisms associated with alterations in CASPR2 function are unknown. Here, we show that Caspr2 is expressed in excitatory synapses in the cortex, and that silencing its expression in vitro or in vivo decreases the synaptic expression of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) receptors and the amplitude of AMPA receptor-mediated currents. Furthermore, Caspr2 loss of function blocks synaptic scaling in vitro and experience-dependent homoeostatic synaptic plasticity in the visual cortex. Patient CASPR2 antibodies decrease the dendritic levels of Caspr2 and synaptic AMPA receptor trafficking, and perturb excitatory transmission in the visual cortex. These results suggest that mutations in CNTNAP2 may contribute to alterations in AMPA receptor function and homoeostatic plasticity, and indicate that antibodies from anti-CASPR2 encephalitis patients affect cortical excitatory transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Fernandes
- Synapse Biology Group, CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,PDBEB, Doctoral Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine, CNC & Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra (IIIUC), 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,Solomon Snyder Department of Neurosciences, Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Sandra D Santos
- Synapse Biology Group, CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ester Coutinho
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Jessica L Whitt
- Solomon Snyder Department of Neurosciences, Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Nuno Beltrão
- Synapse Biology Group, CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Tiago Rondão
- Synapse Biology Group, CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Isabel Leite
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Camilla Buckley
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Hey-Kyoung Lee
- Solomon Snyder Department of Neurosciences, Zanvyl Krieger Mind/Brain Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Ana Luísa Carvalho
- Synapse Biology Group, CNC-Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
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32
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Glutamatergic Receptor Trafficking and Delivery: Role of the Exocyst Complex. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112402. [PMID: 33153008 PMCID: PMC7693776 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells comprise several intracellular membrane compartments that allow them to function properly. One of these functions is cargo movement, typically proteins and membranes within cells. These cargoes ride microtubules through vesicles from Golgi and recycling endosomes to the plasma membrane in order to be delivered and exocytosed. In neurons, synaptic functions employ this cargo trafficking to maintain inter-neuronal communication optimally. One of the complexes that oversee vesicle trafficking and tethering is the exocyst. The exocyst is a protein complex containing eight subunits first identified in yeast and then characterized in multicellular organisms. This complex is related to several cellular processes, including cellular growth, division, migration, and morphogenesis, among others. It has been associated with glutamatergic receptor trafficking and tethering into the synapse, providing the molecular machinery to deliver receptor-containing vesicles into the plasma membrane in a constitutive manner. In this review, we discuss the evidence so far published regarding receptor trafficking and the exocyst complex in both basal and stimulated levels, comparing constitutive trafficking and long-term potentiation-related trafficking.
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33
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Jung Y, Seo JY, Ryu HG, Kim DY, Lee KH, Kim KT. BDNF-induced local translation of GluA1 is regulated by HNRNP A2/B1. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/47/eabd2163. [PMID: 33219033 PMCID: PMC7679154 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The AMPA receptor subunit GluA1 is essential for induction of synaptic plasticity. While various regulatory mechanisms of AMPA receptor expression have been identified, the underlying mechanisms of GluA1 protein synthesis are not fully understood. In neurons, axonal and dendritic mRNAs have been reported to be translated in a cap-independent manner. However, molecular mechanisms of cap-independent translation of synaptic mRNAs remain largely unknown. Here, we show that GluA1 mRNA contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) in the 5'UTR. We also demonstrate that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) A2/B1 interacts with GluA1 mRNA and mediates internal initiation of GluA1 Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) stimulation increases IRES-mediated GluA1 translation via up-regulation of HNRNP A2/B1. Moreover, BDNF-induced GluA1 expression and dendritic spine density were significantly decreased in neurons lacking hnRNP A2/B1. Together, our data demonstrate that IRES-mediated translation of GluA1 mRNA is a previously unidentified feature of local expression of the AMPA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngseob Jung
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Seo
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Guk Ryu
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Yeon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ha Lee
- Division of Cosmetic Science and Technology, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongbuk 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong-Tai Kim
- Division of Integrative Biosciences and Biotechnology, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea.
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34
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Gobert D, Schohl A, Kutsarova E, Ruthazer ES. TORC1 selectively regulates synaptic maturation and input convergence in the developing visual system. Dev Neurobiol 2020; 80:332-350. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Gobert
- Montreal Neurological Institute‐Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Anne Schohl
- Montreal Neurological Institute‐Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Elena Kutsarova
- Montreal Neurological Institute‐Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada
| | - Edward S. Ruthazer
- Montreal Neurological Institute‐Hospital McGill University Montreal QC Canada
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35
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Doser RL, Amberg GC, Hoerndli FJ. Reactive Oxygen Species Modulate Activity-Dependent AMPA Receptor Transport in C. elegans. J Neurosci 2020; 40:7405-7420. [PMID: 32847966 PMCID: PMC7511182 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0902-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The AMPA subtype of synaptic glutamate receptors (AMPARs) plays an essential role in cognition. Their function, numbers, and change at synapses during synaptic plasticity are tightly regulated by neuronal activity. Although we know that long-distance transport of AMPARs is essential for this regulation, we do not understand the associated regulatory mechanisms of it. Neuronal transmission is a metabolically demanding process in which ATP consumption and production are tightly coupled and regulated. Aerobic ATP synthesis unavoidably produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide, which are known modulators of calcium signaling. Although a role for calcium signaling in AMPAR transport has been described, there is little understanding of the mechanisms involved and no known link to physiological ROS signaling. Here, using real-time in vivo imaging of AMPAR transport in the intact C. elegans nervous system, we demonstrate that long-distance synaptic AMPAR transport is bidirectionally regulated by calcium influx and activation of calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. Quantification of in vivo calcium dynamics revealed that modest, physiological increases in ROS decrease calcium transients in C. elegans glutamatergic neurons. By combining genetic and pharmacological manipulation of ROS levels and calcium influx, we reveal a mechanism in which physiological increases in ROS cause a decrease in synaptic AMPAR transport and delivery by modulating activity-dependent calcium signaling. Together, our results identify a novel role for oxidant signaling in the regulation of synaptic AMPAR transport and delivery, which in turn could be critical for coupling the metabolic demands of neuronal activity with excitatory neurotransmission.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Synaptic AMPARs are critical for excitatory synaptic transmission. The disruption of their synaptic localization and numbers is associated with numerous psychiatric, neurologic, and neurodegenerative conditions. However, very little is known about the regulatory mechanisms controlling transport and delivery of AMPAR to synapses. Here, we describe a novel physiological signaling mechanism in which ROS, such as hydrogen peroxide, modulate AMPAR transport by modifying activity-dependent calcium signaling. Our findings provide the first evidence in support of a mechanistic link between physiological ROS signaling, AMPAR transport, localization, and excitatory transmission. This is of fundamental and clinical significance since dysregulation of intracellular calcium and ROS signaling is implicated in aging and the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Doser
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Gregory C Amberg
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
| | - Frederic J Hoerndli
- Department of Biomedical Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523
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36
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Wang Y, Shen Z, Wan Z, Liu W. Site-specific Labeling of B Cell Receptor and Soluble Immunoglobulin. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3767. [PMID: 33659425 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
B lymphocyte activation is regulated by its membrane-bound B cell receptors (BCRs) upon recognizing diverse antigens. It is hypothesized that antigen binding would trigger conformational changes within BCRs, followed by a series of downstream signaling activation. To measure the BCR conformational changes in live cells, a fluorescent site-specific labeling technique is preferred. Genetically encoded fluorescent tags visualize the location of the target proteins. However, these fluorescent proteins are large (~30 kDa) and would potentially perturb the conformation of BCRs. Here, we describe the general procedures of utilizing short tag-based site-specific labeling methodologies combining with fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay to monitor the conformational changes within BCR extracellular domains upon antigen engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhixun Shen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhengpeng Wan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institutes of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Wanli Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Immunology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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37
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Sladek AL, Nawy S. Ocular Hypertension Drives Remodeling of AMPA Receptors in Select Populations of Retinal Ganglion Cells. Front Synaptic Neurosci 2020; 12:30. [PMID: 32792936 PMCID: PMC7393603 DOI: 10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AMPA-type glutamate receptors in the CNS are normally impermeable to Ca2+, but the aberrant expression of Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs) occurs in pathological conditions such as ischemia or epilepsy, or degenerative diseases such as ALS. Here, we show that select populations of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) similarly express high levels of CP-AMPARs in a mouse model of glaucoma. CP-AMPAR expression increased dramatically in both On sustained alpha and Off transient alpha RGCs, and this increase was prevented by genomic editing of the GluA2 subunit. On sustained alpha RGCs with elevated CP-AMPAR levels displayed profound synaptic depression, which was reduced by selectively blocking CP-AMPARs, buffering Ca2+ with BAPTA, or with the CB1 antagonist AM251, suggesting that depression was mediated by a retrograde transmitter which might be triggered by the influx of Ca2+ through CP-AMPARs. Thus, glaucoma may alter the composition of AMPARs and depress excitatory synaptic input in select populations of RGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott Nawy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Truhlsen Eye Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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38
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Dhuriya YK, Sharma D. Neuronal Plasticity: Neuronal Organization is Associated with Neurological Disorders. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1684-1701. [PMID: 32504405 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli from stressful events, attention in the classroom, and many other experiences affect the functionality of the brain by changing the structure or reorganizing the connections between neurons and their communication. Modification of the synaptic transmission is a vital mechanism for generating neural activity via internal or external stimuli. Neuronal plasticity is an important driving force in neuroscience research, as it is the basic process underlying learning and memory and is involved in many other functions including brain development and homeostasis, sensorial training, and recovery from brain injury. Indeed, neuronal plasticity has been explored in numerous studies, but it is still not clear how neuronal plasticity affects the physiology and morphology of the brain. Thus, unraveling the molecular mechanisms of neuronal plasticity is essential for understanding the operation of brain functions. In this timeline review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms underlying different forms of synaptic plasticity and their association with neurodegenerative/neurological disorders as a consequence of alterations in neuronal plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Kumar Dhuriya
- Developmental Toxicology Laboratory, Systems Toxicology and Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR) Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Divakar Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, National JALMA Institute for Leprosy and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, Tajganj, Agra, India. .,CRF, Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Kusuma School of Biological Sciences (KSBS), Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi (IIT-D), Delhi, 110016, India.
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39
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Divergent Synaptic Scaling of Miniature EPSCs following Activity Blockade in Dissociated Neuronal Cultures. J Neurosci 2020; 40:4090-4102. [PMID: 32312887 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1393-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurons can respond to decreased network activity with a homeostatic increase in the amplitudes of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs). The prevailing view is that mEPSC amplitudes are uniformly multiplied by a single factor, termed "synaptic scaling." Deviations from purely multiplicative scaling have been attributed to biological differences, or to a distortion imposed by a detection threshold limit. Here, we demonstrate in neurons dissociated from cortices of male and female mice that the shift in mEPSC amplitudes observed in the experimental data cannot be reproduced by simulation of uniform multiplicative scaling, with or without the distortion caused by applying a detection threshold. Furthermore, we demonstrate explicitly that the scaling factor is not uniform but is close to 1 for small mEPSCs, and increases with increasing mEPSC amplitude across a substantial portion of the data. This pattern was also observed for previously published data from dissociated mouse hippocampal neurons and dissociated rat cortical neurons. The finding of "divergent scaling" shifts the current view of homeostatic plasticity as a process that alters all synapses on a neuron equally to one that must accommodate the differential effect observed for small versus large mEPSCs. Divergent scaling still accomplishes the essential homeostatic task of modifying synaptic strengths in the opposite direction of the activity change, but the consequences are greatest for those synapses which individually are more likely to bring a neuron to threshold.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In homeostatic plasticity, the responses to chronic increases or decreases in network activity act in the opposite direction to restore normal activity levels. Homeostatic plasticity is likely to play a role in diseases associated with long-term changes in brain function, such as epilepsy and neuropsychiatric illnesses. One homeostatic response is the increase in synaptic strength following a chronic block of activity. Research is focused on finding a globally expressed signaling pathway, because it has been proposed that the plasticity is uniformly expressed across all synapses. Here, we show that the plasticity is not uniform. Our work suggests that homeostatic signaling molecules are likely to be differentially expressed across synapses.
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Rodriguez‐Ortiz CJ, Prieto GA, Martini AC, Forner S, Trujillo‐Estrada L, LaFerla FM, Baglietto‐Vargas D, Cotman CW, Kitazawa M. miR-181a negatively modulates synaptic plasticity in hippocampal cultures and its inhibition rescues memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13118. [PMID: 32087004 PMCID: PMC7059142 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs play a pivotal role in rapid, dynamic, and spatiotemporal modulation of synaptic functions. Among them, recent emerging evidence highlights that microRNA-181a (miR-181a) is particularly abundant in hippocampal neurons and controls the expression of key plasticity-related proteins at synapses. We have previously demonstrated that miR-181a was upregulated in the hippocampus of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and correlated with reduced levels of plasticity-related proteins. Here, we further investigated the underlying mechanisms by which miR-181a negatively modulated synaptic plasticity and memory. In primary hippocampal cultures, we found that an activity-dependent upregulation of the microRNA-regulating protein, translin, correlated with reduction of miR-181a upon chemical long-term potentiation (cLTP), which induced upregulation of GluA2, a predicted target for miR-181a, and other plasticity-related proteins. Additionally, Aβ treatment inhibited cLTP-dependent induction of translin and subsequent reduction of miR-181a, and cotreatment with miR-181a antagomir effectively reversed the effects elicited by Aβ but did not rescue translin levels, suggesting that the activity-dependent upregulation of translin was upstream of miR-181a. In mice, a learning episode markedly decreased miR-181a in the hippocampus and raised the protein levels of GluA2. Lastly, we observed that inhibition of miR-181a alleviated memory deficits and increased GluA2 and GluA1 levels, without restoring translin, in the 3xTg-AD model. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-181a is a major negative regulator of the cellular events that underlie synaptic plasticity and memory through AMPA receptors, and importantly, Aβ disrupts this process by suppressing translin and leads to synaptic dysfunction and memory impairments in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gilberto Aleph Prieto
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y MolecularInstituto de NeurobiologíaUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de MéxicoQuerétaroMexico
| | - Alessandra C. Martini
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - Stefania Forner
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - Laura Trujillo‐Estrada
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - Frank M. LaFerla
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - David Baglietto‐Vargas
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
| | - Carl W. Cotman
- Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological DisordersUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia
- Department of Neurobiology and BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaIrvineCAUSA
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Hangen E, Cordelières FP, Petersen JD, Choquet D, Coussen F. Neuronal Activity and Intracellular Calcium Levels Regulate Intracellular Transport of Newly Synthesized AMPAR. Cell Rep 2020; 24:1001-1012.e3. [PMID: 30044968 PMCID: PMC6083039 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulation of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) trafficking is a key modulator of excitatory synaptic transmission; however, intracellular vesicular transport of newly synthesized AMPARs has been little studied due to technical limitations. By combining molecular tools with imaging strategies in cultured rat hippocampal neurons, we found that vesicles containing newly synthesized, GluA1-subunit-containing AMPARs are transported antero- and retrogradely at a mean speed of 1.5 μm.s−1. Synaptic activity and variations in intracellular calcium levels bidirectionally modulate GluA1 transport. Chemical long-term potentiation (cLTP) initially induces a halt in GluA1 transport, followed by a sustained increase, while acute glutamate uncaging on synaptic spines arrests vesicular movements. GluA1 phosphomimetic mutants preferentially travel to the dendritic tip, probably to replenish extrasynaptic pools, distal to the soma. Our findings indicate that AMPAR intracellular transport is highly regulated during synaptic plasticity and likely controls AMPAR numbers at the plasma membrane. AMPARs are transported bidirectionally and intracellularly in dendrites ∼1.5 μm.s−1 Acute increase in intracellular Ca2+ during early LTP arrests GluA1-AMPAR vesicles 20 min after LTP induction, number and speed of GluA1-AMPAR vesicles are increased GluA1 phosphorylation at S831/S845 increases vesicle number and outward transport
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Hangen
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Fabrice P Cordelières
- Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jennifer D Petersen
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel Choquet
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux Imaging Center, UMS 3420 CNRS, US4 INSERM, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Françoise Coussen
- University of Bordeaux, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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Argyrousi EK, Heckman PRA, van Hagen BTJ, Muysers H, van Goethem NP, Prickaerts J. Pro-cognitive effect of upregulating cyclic guanosine monophosphate signalling during memory acquisition or early consolidation is mediated by increased AMPA receptor trafficking. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:103-114. [PMID: 31692397 PMCID: PMC6947811 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119885262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Episodic memory consists of different mnemonic phases, including acquisition and early and late consolidation. Each of these phases is characterised by distinct molecular processes. Although both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) are implicated in the acquisition phase, early consolidation only depends on cGMP, whereas late consolidation is mediated by cAMP. Accordingly, the cGMP-selective phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitor vardenafil or the cAMP-selective PDE4 inhibitor rolipram can improve memory acquisition or consolidation when applied during their respective time windows. AIMS Considering the important role of glutamatergic α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPAR) during normal memory function, we aimed to investigate whether the differential actions of these PDE inhibitors are mediated through AMPAR dynamics. METHODS For biochemical analysis, mice were treated with either vardenafil or rolipram and sacrificed shortly after injection. For the behavioural studies, mice received either of the inhibitors during the different mnemonic phases, while their spatial memory was tested using the object location task, and they were sacrificed 24 hours later. RESULTS Administration of either vardenafil or rolipram causes rapid changes in AMPARs. Moreover, treatment with vardenafil during the acquisition or early consolidation of spatial memory resulted in increased surface levels of AMPARs which were still augmented 24 hours after learning. Membrane levels of AMPARs were not affected anymore 24 hours after learning when rolipram was administrated at either the acquisition or late consolidation phase. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that dissociative molecular mechanisms could mediate the pro-cognitive function of different classes of PDE inhibitors, and in the case of vardenafil, this phenomenon could be explained by changes in AMPAR dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jos Prickaerts
- Jos Prickaerts, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, Maastricht, 6200 MD, The Netherlands.
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Farris S, Ward JM, Carstens KE, Samadi M, Wang Y, Dudek SM. Hippocampal Subregions Express Distinct Dendritic Transcriptomes that Reveal Differences in Mitochondrial Function in CA2. Cell Rep 2019; 29:522-539.e6. [PMID: 31597108 PMCID: PMC6894405 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA localization is one mechanism neurons use to spatially and temporally regulate gene expression at synapses. Here, we test the hypothesis that cells exhibiting distinct forms of synaptic plasticity will have differences in dendritically localized RNAs. Indeed, we discover that each major subregion of the adult mouse hippocampus expresses a unique complement of dendritic RNAs. Specifically, we describe more than 1,000 differentially expressed dendritic RNAs, suggesting that RNA localization and local translation are regulated in a cell type-specific manner. Furthermore, by focusing Gene Ontology analyses on the plasticity-resistant CA2, we identify an enrichment of mitochondria-associated pathways in CA2 cell bodies and dendrites, and we provide functional evidence that these pathways differentially influence plasticity and mitochondrial respiration in CA2. These data indicate that differences in dendritic transcriptomes may regulate cell type-specific properties important for learning and memory and may influence region-specific differences in disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Farris
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - James M Ward
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Kelly E Carstens
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mahsa Samadi
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, National Toxicology Program, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Serena M Dudek
- Neurobiology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Brigidi GS, Hayes MGB, Delos Santos NP, Hartzell AL, Texari L, Lin PA, Bartlett A, Ecker JR, Benner C, Heinz S, Bloodgood BL. Genomic Decoding of Neuronal Depolarization by Stimulus-Specific NPAS4 Heterodimers. Cell 2019; 179:373-391.e27. [PMID: 31585079 PMCID: PMC6800120 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cells regulate gene expression in response to salient external stimuli. In neurons, depolarization leads to the expression of inducible transcription factors (ITFs) that direct subsequent gene regulation. Depolarization encodes both a neuron's action potential (AP) output and synaptic inputs, via excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). However, it is unclear if distinct types of electrical activity can be transformed by an ITF into distinct modes of genomic regulation. Here, we show that APs and EPSPs in mouse hippocampal neurons trigger two spatially segregated and molecularly distinct induction mechanisms that lead to the expression of the ITF NPAS4. These two pathways culminate in the formation of stimulus-specific NPAS4 heterodimers that exhibit distinct DNA binding patterns. Thus, NPAS4 differentially communicates increases in a neuron's spiking output and synaptic inputs to the nucleus, enabling gene regulation to be tailored to the type of depolarizing activity along the somato-dendritic axis of a neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Stefano Brigidi
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Michael G B Hayes
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Nathaniel P Delos Santos
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Andrea L Hartzell
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Lorane Texari
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Pei-Ann Lin
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Anna Bartlett
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Joseph R Ecker
- Genomic Analysis Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Christopher Benner
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Sven Heinz
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA
| | - Brenda L Bloodgood
- Division of Biological Sciences, Section of Neurobiology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0634, USA.
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Hammer MF, Sprissler R, Bina RW, Lau B, Johnstone L, Walter CM, Labiner DM, Weinand ME. Altered expression of signaling pathways regulating neuronal excitability in hippocampal tissue of temporal lobe epilepsy patients with low and high seizure frequency. Epilepsy Res 2019; 155:106145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sossin WS, Costa-Mattioli M. Translational Control in the Brain in Health and Disease. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a032912. [PMID: 30082469 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a032912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Translational control in neurons is crucially required for long-lasting changes in synaptic function and memory storage. The importance of protein synthesis control to brain processes is underscored by the large number of neurological disorders in which translation rates are perturbed, such as autism and neurodegenerative disorders. Here we review the general principles of neuronal translation, focusing on the particular relevance of several key regulators of nervous system translation, including eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), the mechanistic (or mammalian) target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and the eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2). These pathways regulate the overall rate of protein synthesis in neurons and have selective effects on the translation of specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs). The importance of these general and specific translational control mechanisms is considered in the normal functioning of the nervous system, particularly during synaptic plasticity underlying memory, and in the context of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne S Sossin
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A-2B4, Canada
| | - Mauro Costa-Mattioli
- Department of Neuroscience, Memory and Brain Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
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47
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Abstract
Regulated synthesis and movement of proteins between cellular organelles are central to diverse forms of biological adaptation and plasticity. In neurons, the repertoire of channel, receptor, and adhesion proteins displayed on the cell surface directly impacts cellular development, morphology, excitability, and synapse function. The immensity of the neuronal surface membrane and its division into distinct functional domains present a challenging landscape over which proteins must navigate to reach their appropriate functional domains. This problem becomes more complex considering that neuronal protein synthesis is continuously refined in space and time by neural activity. Here we review our current understanding of how integral membrane and secreted proteins important for neuronal function travel from their sites of synthesis to their functional destinations. We discuss how unique adaptations to the function and distribution of neuronal secretory organelles may facilitate local protein trafficking at remote sites in neuronal dendrites to support diverse forms of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Kennedy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA;
| | - Cyril Hanus
- Institute for Psychiatry and Neurosciences of Paris, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Paris, 75014 Paris, France;
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Chidambaram SB, Rathipriya AG, Bolla SR, Bhat A, Ray B, Mahalakshmi AM, Manivasagam T, Thenmozhi AJ, Essa MM, Guillemin GJ, Chandra R, Sakharkar MK. Dendritic spines: Revisiting the physiological role. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 92:161-193. [PMID: 30654089 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic spines are small, thin, specialized protrusions from neuronal dendrites, primarily localized in the excitatory synapses. Sophisticated imaging techniques revealed that dendritic spines are complex structures consisting of a dense network of cytoskeletal, transmembrane and scaffolding molecules, and numerous surface receptors. Molecular signaling pathways, mainly Rho and Ras family small GTPases pathways that converge on actin cytoskeleton, regulate the spine morphology and dynamics bi-directionally during synaptic activity. During synaptic plasticity the number and shapes of dendritic spines undergo radical reorganizations. Long-term potentiation (LTP) induction promote spine head enlargement and the formation and stabilization of new spines. Long-term depression (LTD) results in their shrinkage and retraction. Reports indicate increased spine density in the pyramidal neurons of autism and Fragile X syndrome patients and reduced density in the temporal gyrus loci of schizophrenic patients. Post-mortem reports of Alzheimer's brains showed reduced spine number in the hippocampus and cortex. This review highlights the spine morphogenesis process, the activity-dependent structural plasticity and mechanisms by which synaptic activity sculpts the dendritic spines, the structural and functional changes in spines during learning and memory using LTP and LTD processes. It also discusses on spine status in neurodegenerative diseases and the impact of nootropics and neuroprotective agents on the functional restoration of dendritic spines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana Babu Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India.
| | - A G Rathipriya
- Food and Brain Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Srinivasa Rao Bolla
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Damam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abid Bhat
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - Bipul Ray
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - Arehally Marappa Mahalakshmi
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSSAHER), Mysuru, Karnataka 570015, India
| | - Thamilarasan Manivasagam
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Arokiasamy Justin Thenmozhi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Musthafa Mohamed Essa
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, CAMS, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuropharmacology Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Deb Bailey MND Research Laboratory, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Ambedkar Centre for BioMedical Research, Delhi University, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Meena Kishore Sakharkar
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107, Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
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Tischbein M, Baron DM, Lin YC, Gall KV, Landers JE, Fallini C, Bosco DA. The RNA-binding protein FUS/TLS undergoes calcium-mediated nuclear egress during excitotoxic stress and is required for GRIA2 mRNA processing. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:10194-10210. [PMID: 31092554 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxic levels of glutamate represent a physiological stress that is strongly linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and other neurological disorders. Emerging evidence indicates a role for neurodegenerative disease-linked RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) in the cellular stress response. However, the relationships between excitotoxicity, RBP function, and disease have not been explored. Here, using primary cortical and motor neurons, we found that excitotoxicity induced the translocation of select ALS-linked RBPs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm within neurons. RBPs affected by excitotoxicity included TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and, most robustly, fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS or FUS). We noted that FUS is translocated through a calcium-dependent mechanism and that its translocation coincides with striking alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport. Furthermore, glutamate-induced up-regulation of glutamate ionotropic receptor α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type subunit 2 (GRIA2) in neurons depended on FUS expression, consistent with a functional role for FUS in excitotoxic stress. These findings reveal molecular links among prominent factors in neurodegenerative diseases, namely excitotoxicity, disease-associated RBPs, and nucleocytoplasmic transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maeve Tischbein
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Desiree M Baron
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Yen-Chen Lin
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Katherine V Gall
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - John E Landers
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Claudia Fallini
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
| | - Daryl A Bosco
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605
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A Bioluminescence Reporter Assay for Retinoic Acid Control of Translation of the GluR1 Subunit of the AMPA Glutamate Receptor. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:7074-7084. [PMID: 30972628 PMCID: PMC6728294 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-1571-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid (RA) regulates numerous aspects of central nervous system function through modulation of gene transcription via retinoic acid receptors (RARs). However, RA has important roles independent of gene transcription (non-genomic actions) and in the brain a crucial regulator of homeostatic plasticity is RAR control of glutamate receptor subunit 1 (GluR1) translation. An assay to quantify RAR regulation of GluR1 translation would be beneficial both to study the molecular components regulating this system and screen drugs that influence this critical mechanism for learning and memory in the brain. A bioluminescence reporter assay was developed that expresses firefly luciferase under the control of the GluR1 5' untranslated region bound by RAR. This assay was introduced into SH-SY5Y cells and used to demonstrate the role of RARα in RA regulation of GluR1 translation. A screen of synthetic RAR and RXR ligands indicated that only a subset of these ligands activated GluR1 translation. The results demonstrate the practicality of this assay to explore the contribution of RARα to this pathway and that the capacity of RAR ligands to activate translation is a quality restricted to a limited number of compounds, with implications for their RAR selectivity and potentially their specificity in drug use.
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