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Hansen KB, Wollmuth LP, Bowie D, Furukawa H, Menniti FS, Sobolevsky AI, Swanson GT, Swanger SA, Greger IH, Nakagawa T, McBain CJ, Jayaraman V, Low CM, Dell'Acqua ML, Diamond JS, Camp CR, Perszyk RE, Yuan H, Traynelis SF. Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of Glutamate Receptor Ion Channels. Pharmacol Rev 2021; 73:298-487. [PMID: 34753794 PMCID: PMC8626789 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.120.000131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 86.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Many physiologic effects of l-glutamate, the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system, are mediated via signaling by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). These ligand-gated ion channels are critical to brain function and are centrally implicated in numerous psychiatric and neurologic disorders. There are different classes of iGluRs with a variety of receptor subtypes in each class that play distinct roles in neuronal functions. The diversity in iGluR subtypes, with their unique functional properties and physiologic roles, has motivated a large number of studies. Our understanding of receptor subtypes has advanced considerably since the first iGluR subunit gene was cloned in 1989, and the research focus has expanded to encompass facets of biology that have been recently discovered and to exploit experimental paradigms made possible by technological advances. Here, we review insights from more than 3 decades of iGluR studies with an emphasis on the progress that has occurred in the past decade. We cover structure, function, pharmacology, roles in neurophysiology, and therapeutic implications for all classes of receptors assembled from the subunits encoded by the 18 ionotropic glutamate receptor genes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Glutamate receptors play important roles in virtually all aspects of brain function and are either involved in mediating some clinical features of neurological disease or represent a therapeutic target for treatment. Therefore, understanding the structure, function, and pharmacology of this class of receptors will advance our understanding of many aspects of brain function at molecular, cellular, and system levels and provide new opportunities to treat patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper B Hansen
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Lonnie P Wollmuth
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Derek Bowie
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hiro Furukawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Frank S Menniti
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Alexander I Sobolevsky
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Geoffrey T Swanson
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Sharon A Swanger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Ingo H Greger
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Terunaga Nakagawa
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chris J McBain
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Vasanthi Jayaraman
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chian-Ming Low
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Mark L Dell'Acqua
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Jeffrey S Diamond
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Chad R Camp
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Riley E Perszyk
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Hongjie Yuan
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
| | - Stephen F Traynelis
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT (K.B.H.); Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Center for Nervous System Disorders, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY (L.P.W.); Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada (D.B.); WM Keck Structural Biology Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY (H.F.); MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., The George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI (F.S.M.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY (A.I.S.); Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (G.T.S.); Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA and Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (S.A.S.); Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom (I.H.G.); Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (T.N.); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (C.J.M.), and Synaptic Physiology Section, NINDS Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (J.S.D.); Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX (V.J.); Department of Pharmacology, Department of Anaesthesia, Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (C.-M.L.); Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO (M.L.D.); and Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA (C.R.C., R.E.P., H.Y., S.F.T.)
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21
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Bristow LJ, Gulia J, Weed MR, Srikumar BN, Li YW, Graef JD, Naidu PS, Sanmathi C, Aher J, Bastia T, Paschapur M, Kalidindi N, Kumar KV, Molski T, Pieschl R, Fernandes A, Brown JM, Sivarao DV, Newberry K, Bookbinder M, Polino J, Keavy D, Newton A, Shields E, Simmermacher J, Kempson J, Li J, Zhang H, Mathur A, Kallem RR, Sinha M, Ramarao M, Vikramadithyan RK, Thangathirupathy S, Warrier J, Islam I, Bronson JJ, Olson RE, Macor JE, Albright CF, King D, Thompson LA, Marcin LR, Sinz M. Preclinical Characterization of ( R)-3-((3 S,4 S)-3-fluoro-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)piperidin-1-yl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (BMS-986169), a Novel, Intravenous, Glutamate N-Methyl-d-Aspartate 2B Receptor Negative Allosteric Modulator with Potential in Major Depressive Disorder. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2017; 363:377-393. [PMID: 28954811 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.117.242784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
(R)-3-((3S,4S)-3-fluoro-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)piperidin-1-yl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)pyrrolidin-2-one (BMS-986169) and the phosphate prodrug 4-((3S,4S)-3-fluoro-1-((R)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl)phenyl dihydrogen phosphate (BMS-986163) were identified from a drug discovery effort focused on the development of novel, intravenous glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate 2B receptor (GluN2B) negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). BMS-986169 showed high binding affinity for the GluN2B subunit allosteric modulatory site (Ki = 4.03-6.3 nM) and selectively inhibited GluN2B receptor function in Xenopus oocytes expressing human N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subtypes (IC50 = 24.1 nM). BMS-986169 weakly inhibited human ether-a-go-go-related gene channel activity (IC50 = 28.4 μM) and had negligible activity in an assay panel containing 40 additional pharmacological targets. Intravenous administration of BMS-986169 or BMS-986163 dose-dependently increased GluN2B receptor occupancy and inhibited in vivo [3H](+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine ([3H]MK-801) binding, confirming target engagement and effective cleavage of the prodrug. BMS-986169 reduced immobility in the mouse forced swim test, an effect similar to intravenous ketamine treatment. Decreased novelty suppressed feeding latency, and increased ex vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation was also seen 24 hours after acute BMS-986163 or BMS-986169 administration. BMS-986169 did not produce ketamine-like hyperlocomotion or abnormal behaviors in mice or cynomolgus monkeys but did produce a transient working memory impairment in monkeys that was closely related to plasma exposure. Finally, BMS-986163 produced robust changes in the quantitative electroencephalogram power band distribution, a translational measure that can be used to assess pharmacodynamic activity in healthy humans. Due to the poor aqueous solubility of BMS-986169, BMS-986163 was selected as the lead GluN2B NAM candidate for further evaluation as a novel intravenous agent for TRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda J Bristow
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jyoti Gulia
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Michael R Weed
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Bettadapura N Srikumar
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Yu-Wen Li
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - John D Graef
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Pattipati S Naidu
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Charulatha Sanmathi
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jayant Aher
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Tanmaya Bastia
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Mahesh Paschapur
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Narasimharaju Kalidindi
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Kuchibhotla Vijaya Kumar
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Thaddeus Molski
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Rick Pieschl
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Alda Fernandes
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jeffrey M Brown
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Digavalli V Sivarao
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Kimberly Newberry
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Mark Bookbinder
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Joseph Polino
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Deborah Keavy
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Amy Newton
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Eric Shields
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jean Simmermacher
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - James Kempson
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jianqing Li
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Raja Reddy Kallem
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Meenakshee Sinha
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Manjunath Ramarao
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Reeba K Vikramadithyan
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Srinivasan Thangathirupathy
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Jayakumar Warrier
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Imadul Islam
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Joanne J Bronson
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Richard E Olson
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - John E Macor
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Charlie F Albright
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Dalton King
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Lorin A Thompson
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Lawrence R Marcin
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
| | - Michael Sinz
- Neuroscience Discovery Biology (L.J.B., M.R.W., Y.-W.L., J.D.G., T.M., R.P., A.F., J.M.B., D.V.S., K.N., M.B., J.P., D.K., A.N., C.F.A.), Neuroscience Discovery Chemistry (J.J.B., R.E.O., J.E.M., D.K., L.A.T., L.R.M.), and Preclinical Candidate Optimization (E.S., J.S., Mi.S.), Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Wallingford, Connecticut; Discovery Synthesis, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Lawrenceville, Princeton, New Jersey (J.K., J.L., H.Z., A.M.); and Biocon Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Center, Bangalore, India (J.G., B.N.S., P.S.N., C.S., J.A., T.B., M.P., N.K., K.V.K., R.R.K., Me.S., M.R., R.K.V., S.T., J.W. I.I.)
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