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Hong Y, Hu J, Zhang S, Liu J, Yan F, Yang H, Hu H. Integrative analysis identifies region- and sex-specific gene networks and Mef2c as a mediator of anxiety-like behavior. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114455. [PMID: 38990717 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying multi-brain region origins and sexual dimorphism of anxiety remain unclear. Here, we leverage large-scale transcriptomics from seven brain regions in mouse models of anxiety and extensive experiments to dissect brain-region- and sex-specific gene networks. We identify 4,840 genes with sex-specific expression alterations across seven brain regions, organized into ten network modules with sex-biased expression patterns. Modular analysis prioritizes 86 sex-specific mediators of anxiety susceptibility, including myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2c (Mef2c) in the CA3 region of male mice. Mef2c expression is decreased in the pyramidal neurons (PyNs) of susceptible male mice. Up-regulating Mef2c in CA3 PyNs significantly alleviates anxiety-like behavior, whereas down-regulating Mef2c induces anxiety-like behavior in male mice. The anxiolytic effect of Mef2c up-regulation is associated with enhanced neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. In summary, this study uncovers brain-region- and sex-specific networks and identifies Mef2c in CA3 PyNs as a critical mediator of anxiety in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Hong
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiameng Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangrong Yan
- Research Center of Biostatistics and Computational Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiyang Hu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Chongqing Innovation Institute of China Pharmaceutical University, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Wei X, Li J, Cheng Z, Wei S, Yu G, Olsen ML. Decoding the Epigenetic Landscape: Insights into 5mC and 5hmC Patterns in Mouse Cortical Cell Types. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.06.602342. [PMID: 39026756 PMCID: PMC11257419 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.06.602342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The DNA modifications, 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), represent powerful epigenetic regulators of temporal and spatial gene expression. Yet, how the cooperation of these genome-wide, epigenetic marks determine unique transcriptional signatures across different brain cell populations is unclear. Here we applied Nanopore sequencing of native DNA to obtain a complete, genome-wide, single-base resolution atlas of 5mC and 5hmC modifications in neurons, astrocytes and microglia in the mouse cortex (99% genome coverage, 40 million CpG sites). In tandem with RNA sequencing, analysis of 5mC and 5hmC patterns across cell types reveals astrocytes drive uniquely high brain 5hmC levels and support two decades of research regarding methylation patterns, gene expression and alternative splicing, benchmarking this resource. As such, we provide the most comprehensive DNA methylation data in mouse brain as an interactive, online tool (NAM-Me, https://olsenlab.shinyapps.io/NAMME/) to serve as a resource dataset for those interested in the methylome landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Wei
- Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, the United States
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, the United States
| | - Jiangtao Li
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, the United States
- Genetics, Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, the United States
| | - Zuolin Cheng
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Arlington, VA, the United States
| | - Songtao Wei
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Arlington, VA, the United States
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Arlington, VA, the United States
| | - Michelle L Olsen
- School of Neuroscience, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, the United States
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Guldager MB, Chaves Filho AM, Biojone C, Joca S. Therapeutic potential of cannabidiol in depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 177:251-293. [PMID: 39029987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread and debilitating condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Traditional treatment for MDD has primarily involved drugs that increase brain monoamines by inhibiting their uptake or metabolism, which is the basis for the monoaminergic hypothesis of depression. However, these treatments are only partially effective, with many patients experiencing delayed responses, residual symptoms, or complete non-response, rendering the current view of the hypothesis as reductionist. Cannabidiol (CBD) has shown promising results in preclinical models and human studies. Its mechanism is not well-understood, but may involve monoamine and endocannabinoid signaling, control of neuroinflammation and enhanced neuroplasticity. This chapter will explore CBD's effects in preclinical and clinical studies, its molecular mechanisms, and its potential as a treatment for MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matti Bock Guldager
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Caroline Biojone
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit (TNU), Department of Clinical Medicine, Health Faculty, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Nestler EJ, Russo SJ. Neurobiological basis of stress resilience. Neuron 2024; 112:1911-1929. [PMID: 38795707 PMCID: PMC11189737 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
A majority of humans faced with severe stress maintain normal physiological and behavioral function, a process referred to as resilience. Such stress resilience has been modeled in laboratory animals and, over the past 15 years, has transformed our understanding of stress responses and how to approach the treatment of human stress disorders such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety disorders. Work in rodents has demonstrated that resilience to chronic stress is an active process that involves much more than simply avoiding the deleterious effects of the stress. Rather, resilience is mediated largely by the induction of adaptations that are associated uniquely with resilience. Such mechanisms of natural resilience in rodents are being characterized at the molecular, cellular, and circuit levels, with an increasing number being validated in human investigations. Such discoveries raise the novel possibility that treatments for human stress disorders, in addition to being geared toward reversing the damaging effects of stress, can also be based on inducing mechanisms of natural resilience in individuals who are inherently more susceptible. This review provides a progress report on this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Nestler
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Scott J Russo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience and Department of Psychiatry, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
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5
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Jiang N, Yao C, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen F, Luo Y, Choudhary MI, Pan R, Liu X. Antidepressant effects of Parishin C in chronic social defeat stress-induced depressive mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 325:117891. [PMID: 38331122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE Parishin C (Par), a prominent bioactive compound in Gastrodia elata Blume with little toxicity and shown neuroprotective effects. However, its impact on depression remains largely unexplored. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to investigate the antidepressant effects of Par using a chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) mouse model and elucidate its molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The CSDS-induced depression mouse model was used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Par. The social interaction test (SIT) and sucrose preference test (SPT), tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST) were conducted to assess the effects of Par on depressive-like behaviours. The levels of corticosterone, neurotransmitters (5-HT, DA and NE) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Activation of a microglia was assessed by immunofluorescence labeling Iba-1. The protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-6 verified by Western blot. RESULT Oral administration of Par (4 and 8 mg/kg) and fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, administration significantly ameliorate depression-like behaviors induced by CSDS, as shown by the increase social interaction in SIT, increase sucrose preference in SPT and the decrease immobility in TST and FST. Par administration decreased serum corticosterone level and increased the 5-HT, DA and NE concentration in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. Furthermore, Par treatment suppressed microglial activation (Iba1) as well as reduced levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6) with decreased protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS our study provides the first evidence that Par exerts antidepressant-like effects in mice with CSDS-induced depression. This effect appears to be mediated by the normalization of neurotransmitter and corticosterone levels, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This newfound antidepressant property of Par offers a novel perspective on its pharmacological effects, providing valuable insights into its potential therapeutic and preventive applications in depression treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Caihong Yao
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuzhen Chen
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fang Chen
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanqin Luo
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ruile Pan
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China; Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China; Qian Xuesen Collaborative Research Center of Astrochemistry and Space Life Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
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6
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Jeong S, Chokkalla AK, Davis CK, Vemuganti R. Post-stroke depression: epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications and their interplay with gut microbiota. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4044-4055. [PMID: 37188778 PMCID: PMC10646155 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic and epitranscriptomic modifications that regulate physiological processes of an organism at the DNA and RNA levels, respectively, are novel therapeutic candidates for various neurological diseases. Gut microbiota and its metabolites are known to modulate DNA methylation and histone modifications (epigenetics), as well as RNA methylation especially N6-methyladenosine (epitranscriptomics). As gut microbiota as well as these modifications are highly dynamic across the lifespan of an organism, they are implicated in the pathogenesis of stroke and depression. The lack of specific therapeutic interventions for managing post-stroke depression emphasizes the need to identify novel molecular targets. This review highlights the interaction between the gut microbiota and epigenetic/epitranscriptomic pathways and their interplay in modulating candidate genes that are involved in post-stroke depression. This review further focuses on the three candidates, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, ten-eleven translocation family proteins, and fat mass and obesity-associated protein based on their prevalence and pathoetiologic role in post-stroke depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soomin Jeong
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Anil K Chokkalla
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Charles K Davis
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Raghu Vemuganti
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
- William S. Middleton Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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Kouter K, Šalamon Arčan I, Videtič Paska A. Epigenetics in psychiatry: Beyond DNA methylation. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:319-330. [PMID: 37383287 PMCID: PMC10294132 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i6.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of psychopathologies appears to be underestimated, since the global psychiatric disorder burden is exceeding other medical burdens. To be able to address this problem more effectively, we need to better understand the etiology of psychiatric disorders. One of the hallmarks of psychiatric disorders appears to be epigenetic dysregulation. While some epigenetic modifications (such as DNA methylation) are well known and studied, the roles of others have been investigated much less. DNA hydroxymethylation is a rarely studied epigenetic modification, which as well as being an intermediate stage in the DNA demethylation cycle is also an independent steady cell state involved in neurodevelopment and plasticity. In contrast to DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation appears to be related to an increase in gene expression and subsequent protein expression. Although no particular gene or genetic locus can be at this point linked to changes in DNA hydroxymethylation in psychiatric disorders, the epigenetic marks present good potential for biomarker identification because the epigenetic landscape is a result of the interplay between genes and environment, which both influence the development of psychiatric disorders, and because hydoxymethylation changes are particularly enriched in the brain and in synapse-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kouter
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Iris Šalamon Arčan
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Alja Videtič Paska
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
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Xu X, Wang J, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wan B, Miao Z, Xu X. 5hmC modification regulates R-loop accumulation in response to stress. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1198502. [PMID: 37363169 PMCID: PMC10289295 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1198502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
R-loop, an RNA-DNA hybrid structure, arises as a transcriptional by-product and has been implicated in DNA damage and genomic instability when excessive R-loop is accumulated. Although previous study demonstrated that R-loop is associated with ten-eleven translocation (Tet) proteins, which oxidize 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), the sixth base of DNA. However, the relationship between R-loop and DNA 5hmC modification remains unclear. In this study, we found that chronic restraint stress increased R-loop accumulation and decreased 5hmC modification in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the stressed mice. The increase of DNA 5hmC modification by vitamin C was accompanied with the decrease of R-loop levels; on the contrary, the decrease of DNA 5hmC modification by a small compound SC-1 increased the R-loop levels, indicating that 5hmC modification inversely regulates R-loop accumulation. Further, we showed that Tet deficiency-induced reduction of DNA 5hmC promoted R-loop accumulation. In addition, Tet proteins immunoprecipitated with Non-POU domain-containing octamer-binding (NONO) proteins. The deficiency of Tet proteins or NONO increased R-loop levels, but silencing Tet proteins and NONO did not further increase the increase accumulation, suggesting that NONO and Tet proteins formed a complex to inhibit R-loop formation. It was worth noting that NONO protein levels decreased in the PFC of stressed mice with R-loop accumulation. The administration of antidepressant fluoxetine to stressed mice increased NONO protein levels, and effectively decreased R-loop accumulation and DNA damage. In conclusion, we showed that DNA 5hmC modification negatively regulates R-loop accumulation by the NONO-Tet complex under stress. Our findings provide potential therapeutic targets for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yutong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bo Wan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Miao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Wang J, Zhou T, Liu F, Huang Y, Xiao Z, Qian Y, Zhou W. Influence of gut microbiota on resilience and its possible mechanisms. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:2588-2598. [PMID: 37215996 PMCID: PMC10197883 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.82362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive stress leads to disruptions of the central nervous system. Individuals' responses to stress and trauma differ from person to person. Some may develop various neuropsychiatric disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, major depression, and anxiety disorders, while others may successfully adapt to the same stressful events. These two neural phenotypes are called susceptibility and resilience. Previous studies have suggested resilience/susceptibility as a complex, non-specific systemic response involving central and peripheral systems. Emerging research of mechanisms underlying resilience is mostly focussing on the physiological adaptation of specific brain circuits, neurovascular impairment of the blood-brain barrier, the role of innate and adaptive factors of the immune system, and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota. In accordance with the microbiota-gut-brain axis hypothesis, the gut microbiome directly influences the interface between the brain and the periphery to affect neuronal function. This review explored several up-to-date studies on the role of gut microbiota implicated in stressful events-related resilience/susceptibility. We mainly focus on the changes in behavior and neuroimaging characteristics, involved brain regions and circuits, the blood-brain barrier, the immune system, and epigenetic modifications, which contribute to stress-induced resilience and susceptibility. The perspective of the gut-brain axis could help to understand the mechanisms underlying resilience and the discovery of biomarkers may lead to new research directions and therapeutic interventions for stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Zhiyong Xiao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Yan Qian
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Wenxia Zhou
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing 100850, China
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10
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Xia M, Yan R, Kim MH, Xu X. Tet Enzyme-Mediated Response in Environmental Stress and Stress-Related Psychiatric Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:1594-1608. [PMID: 36534335 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders caused by stress have become a worldwide public health problem. These mental disorders are often the results of a combination of genes and environment, in which epigenetic modifications play a crucial role. At present, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of mental disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder or depression caused by environmental stress are not entirely clear. Although many epigenetic modifications affect gene regulation, the most well-known modification in eukaryotic cells is the DNA methylation of CpG islands. Stress causes changes in DNA methylation in the brain to participate in the neuronal function or mood-modulating behaviors, and these epigenetic modifications can be passed on to offspring. Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) enzymes are the 5-methylcytosine (5mC) hydroxylases of DNA, which recognize 5mC on the DNA sequence and oxidize it to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC). Tet regulates gene expression at the transcriptional level through the demethylation of DNA. This review will elaborate on the molecular mechanism and the functions of Tet enzymes in environmental stress-related disorders and discuss future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Xia
- Departments of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, China.,Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul City, 03080, Korea
| | - Rui Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Myoung-Hwan Kim
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul City, 03080, Korea.
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Departments of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, 215006, China. .,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China.
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11
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Zhang F, Icyuz M, Tollefsbol T, Cox PA, Banack SA, Sun LY. L-Serine Influences Epigenetic Modifications to Improve Cognition and Behaviors in Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Knockout Mice. Biomedicines 2022; 11:biomedicines11010104. [PMID: 36672612 PMCID: PMC9856181 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases feature changes in cognition, and anxiety-like and autism-like behaviors, which are associated with epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation and histone modifications. The amino acid L-serine has been shown to have beneficial effects on neurological symptoms. Here, we found that growth hormone-releasing hormone knockout (GHRH-KO) mice, a GH-deficiency mouse model characterized by extended lifespan and enhanced insulin sensitivity, showed a lower anxiety symptom and impairment of short-term object recognition memory and autism-like behaviors. Interestingly, L-serine administration exerted anxiolytic effects in mice and ameliorated the behavioral deficits in GHRH-KO. L-serine treatment upregulated histone epigenetic markers of H3K4me, H3K9ac, H3K14ac and H3K18ac in the hippocampus and H3K4me in the cerebral cortex in both GHRH-KO mice and wild type controls. L-serine-modulated epigenetic marker changes, in turn, were found to regulate mRNA expression of BDNF, grm3, foxp1, shank3, auts2 and marcksl1, which are involved in anxiety-, cognitive- and autism-like behaviors. Our study provides a novel insight into the beneficial effects of L-serine intervention on neuropsychological impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
- Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Mert Icyuz
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Trygve Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
| | - Paul Alan Cox
- Brain Chemistry Labs, Institute for Ethnomedicine, Jackson, WY 83001, USA
| | - Sandra Anne Banack
- Brain Chemistry Labs, Institute for Ethnomedicine, Jackson, WY 83001, USA
| | - Liou Y. Sun
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35254, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(001)-205-934-48243
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12
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Domingos LB, Silva NR, Chaves Filho AJM, Sales AJ, Starnawska A, Joca S. Regulation of DNA Methylation by Cannabidiol and Its Implications for Psychiatry: New Insights from In Vivo and In Silico Models. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:2165. [PMID: 36421839 PMCID: PMC9690868 DOI: 10.3390/genes13112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotomimetic compound present in cannabis sativa. Many recent studies have indicated that CBD has a promising therapeutic profile for stress-related psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, schizophrenia and depression. Such a diverse profile has been associated with its complex pharmacology, since CBD can target different neurotransmitter receptors, enzymes, transporters and ion channels. However, the precise contribution of each of those mechanisms for CBD effects is still not yet completely understood. Considering that epigenetic changes make the bridge between gene expression and environment interactions, we review and discuss herein how CBD affects one of the main epigenetic mechanisms associated with the development of stress-related psychiatric disorders: DNA methylation (DNAm). Evidence from in vivo and in silico studies indicate that CBD can regulate the activity of the enzymes responsible for DNAm, due to directly binding to the enzymes and/or by indirectly regulating their activities as a consequence of neurotransmitter-mediated signaling. The implications of this new potential pharmacological target for CBD are discussed in light of its therapeutic and neurodevelopmental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana B. Domingos
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Nicole R. Silva
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Adriano J. M. Chaves Filho
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, 8200 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Amanda J. Sales
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14049-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Anna Starnawska
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, CGPM, Center for Integrative Sequencing, iSEQ, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sâmia Joca
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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13
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Hif-1α regulates Tet1-c-Myc binding involved in depression-like behavior in prenatal hypoxia offspring. Neuroscience 2022; 502:41-51. [PMID: 36041588 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal hypoxia (PH) is one of the most common adverse stimulation during pregnancy. The brain is fragile in the fetal period and sensitive to hypoxia. The offspring who have experienced PH may be at increased risk of developing neurodevelopmental disorders after birth and various neuropsychiatric diseases after adulthood. In this study, pregnant mice used to generate PH offspring were treated with hypoxia (10.5% oxygen) from gestational day 12.5 to 17.5. Compared with control mice, the birth weight of offspring in the PH group was significantly lower and the male adult offspring exhibited significant depression-like behavior. The expression of the oxygen-sensitive subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor (Hif-1α) was significantly elevated, whereas Ten-eleven translocated methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (Tet1) and c-Myc, which is closely related to cell proliferation, was significantly decreased in the hippocampus of the male offspring in the PH group. In addition, the PH group showed increased binding of Hif-1α to Tet1, and decreased binding of Tet1 to c-Myc, resulting in increased ubiquitinated degradation of c-Myc and decreased neurogenesis in the hippocampus of the male offspring. These findings suggest that Hif-1α regulates Tet1-c-Myc binding involved in depression-like behavior in PH offspring and Hif-1α can be used as a detection index of stress-related diseases.
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14
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Antunes C, Da Silva JD, Guerra-Gomes S, Alves ND, Loureiro-Campos E, Pinto L, Marques CJ. Tet3 Deletion in Adult Brain Neurons of Female Mice Results in Anxiety-like Behavior and Cognitive Impairments. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4892-4901. [PMID: 35665901 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
TET enzymes (TET1-3) are dioxygenases that oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and are involved in the DNA demethylation process. In line with the observed 5hmC abundance in the brain, Tet genes are highly transcribed, with Tet3 being the predominant member. We have previously shown that Tet3 conditional deletion in the brain of male mice was associated with anxiety-like behavior and impairment in hippocampal-dependent spatial orientation. In the current study, we addressed the role of Tet3 in female mice and its impact on behavior, using in vivo conditional and inducible deletion from post-mitotic neurons. Our results indicate that conditional and inducible deletion of Tet3 in female mice increases anxiety-like behavior and impairs both spatial orientation and short-term memory. At the molecular level, we identified upregulation of immediate-early genes, particularly Npas4, in both the dorsal and ventral hippocampus and in the prefrontal cortex. This study shows that deletion of Tet3 in female mice differentially affects behavioral dimensions as opposed to Tet3 deletion in males, highlighting the importance of studying both sexes in behavioral studies. Moreover, it contributes to expand the knowledge on the role of epigenetic regulators in brain function and behavioral outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Antunes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge D Da Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sónia Guerra-Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno D Alves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Loureiro-Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luísa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - C Joana Marques
- Genetics - Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade Do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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15
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Fan BF, Hao B, Dai YD, Xue L, Shi YW, Liu L, Xuan SM, Yang N, Wang XG, Zhao H. Deficiency of Tet3 in nucleus accumbens enhances fear generalization and anxiety-like behaviors in mice. Brain Pathol 2022; 32:e13080. [PMID: 35612904 PMCID: PMC9616092 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress‐induced neuroepigenetic programming gains growing more and more interest in the studies of the etiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, seldom attention is focused on DNA demethylation in fear memory generalization, which is the core characteristic of PTSD. Here, we show that ten‐eleven translocation protein 3 (TET3), the most abundant DNA demethylation enzyme of the TET family in neurons, senses environmental stress and bridges neuroplasticity with behavioral adaptation during fear generalization. Foot shock strength dependently induces fear generalization and TET3 expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc) in mice. Inhibition of DNA demethylation by infusing demethyltransferase inhibitors or AAV‐Tet3‐shRNA virus in NAc enhances the fear generalization and anxiety‐like behavior. Furthermore, TET3 knockdown impairs the dendritic spine density, PSD length, and thickness of neurons, decreases DNA hydroxymethylation (5hmC), reduces the expression of synaptic plasticity‐related genes including Homer1, Cdkn1a, Cdh8, Vamp8, Reln, Bdnf, while surprisingly increases immune‐related genes Stat1, B2m, H2‐Q7, H2‐M2, C3, Cd68 shown by RNA‐seq. Notably, knockdown of TET3 in NAc activates microglia and CD39‐P2Y12R signaling pathway, and inhibition of CD39 reverses the effects of TET3 knockdown on the fear memory generalization and anxiety. Overexpression of TET3 by Crispr‐dSaCas9 virus delivery to activate endogenous Tet3 in NAc increases dendritic spine density of neurons in NAc and reverses fear memory generalization and anxiety‐like behavior in mice. These results suggest that TET3 modulates fear generalization and anxiety via regulating synaptic plasticity and CD39 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bu-Fang Fan
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Hao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yun-Da Dai
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Psychology, School of Public Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Wei Shi
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shou-Min Xuan
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Wang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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16
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New Insights into TETs in Psychiatric Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094909. [PMID: 35563298 PMCID: PMC9103987 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders are complex and heterogeneous disorders arising from the interaction of multiple factors based on neurobiology, genetics, culture, and life experience. Increasing evidence indicates that sustained abnormalities are maintained by epigenetic modifications in specific brain regions. Over the past decade, the critical, non-redundant roles of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenase enzymes have been identified in the brain during developmental and postnatal stages. Specifically, TET-mediated active demethylation, involving the iterative oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and subsequent oxidative derivatives, is dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli such as neuronal activity, learning and memory processes, and stressor exposure. Here, we review the progress of studies designed to provide a better understanding of how profiles of TET proteins and 5hmC are powerful mechanisms by which to explain neuronal plasticity and long-term behaviors, and impact transcriptional programs operative in the brain that contribute to psychiatric disorders.
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17
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Jiang L, Zhang H, He Y, Liu H, Li S, Chen R, Han S, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Wan X, Xu R, Wang S, Gu H, Wei Q, Qin F, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Li H, Wang L, Wang X, Wang Y, Dai Y, Li M, Chen Y, Zhang H, Hu Y, Bu Q, Zhao Y, Cen X. Synapse differentiation-induced gene 1 regulates stress-induced depression through interaction with the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit of nucleus accumbens in male mice. Neuropharmacology 2022; 213:109076. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Lv JW, Song YP, Zhang ZC, Fan YJ, Xu FX, Gao L, Zhang XY, Zhang C, Wang H, Xu DX. Gestational arsenic exposure induces anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring by reducing DNA hydroxymethylation in the developing brain. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112901. [PMID: 34673408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Several studies found that reduction of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), a marker of DNA hydroxymethylation highly enriched in developing brain, is associated with anxiety-like behaviors. This study aimed to investigate whether gestational arsenic (As) exposure induces anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring by reducing DNA hydroxymethylation in the developing brain. The dams drank ultrapure water containing NaAsO2 (15 mg/L) throughout pregnancy. Anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated and developing brain 5hmC was detected. Results showed that anxiety-like behaviors were observed in As-exposed adult offspring. In addition, 5hmC content was reduced in As-exposed fetal brain. Despite no difference on Tet1, Tet2 and Tet3 expression, TET activity was suppressed in As-exposed fetal brain. Mechanistically, alpha-ketoglutarate (α-KG), a cofactor for TET dioxygenases, was reduced and Idh2, a key enzymatic gene for mitochondrial α-KG synthesis, was downregulated in As-exposed fetal brain. Of interest, ascorbic acid, a cofactor for TET dioxygenases, reversed As-induced suppression of TET activity. Moreover, ascorbic acid attenuated As-induced reduction of 5hmC in fetal brain. In addition, ascorbic acid alleviated As-induced anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring. Taken together, these results suggest that gestational As exposure induces anxiety-like behaviors in adult offspring, possibly at part, by inhibiting DNA hydroxymethylation in developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Wei Lv
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ya-Ping Song
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yi-Jun Fan
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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19
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Couto E Silva A, Wu CYC, Clemons GA, Acosta CH, Chen CT, Possoit HE, Citadin CT, Lee RHC, Brown JI, Frankel A, Lin HW. Protein arginine methyltransferase 8 modulates mitochondrial bioenergetics and neuroinflammation after hypoxic stress. J Neurochem 2021; 159:742-761. [PMID: 34216036 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes involved in gene regulation and protein/histone modifications. PRMT8 is primarily expressed in the central nervous system, specifically within the cellular membrane and synaptic vesicles. Recently, PRMT8 has been described to play key roles in neuronal signaling such as a regulator of dendritic arborization, synaptic function and maturation, and neuronal differentiation and plasticity. Here, we examined the role of PRMT8 in response to hypoxia-induced stress in brain metabolism. Our results from liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (OCR), and protein analyses indicate that PRMT8(-/-) knockout mice presented with altered membrane phospholipid composition, decreased mitochondrial stress capacity, and increased neuroinflammatory markers, such as TNF-α and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1, a specific marker for microglia/macrophage activation) after hypoxic stress. Furthermore, adenovirus-based overexpression of PRMT8 reversed the changes in membrane phospholipid composition, mitochondrial stress capacity, and neuroinflammatory markers. Together, our findings establish PRMT8 as an important regulatory component of membrane phospholipid composition, short-term memory function, mitochondrial function, and neuroinflammation in response to hypoxic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chuck T Chen
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - HarLee E Possoit
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer I Brown
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adam Frankel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hung Wen Lin
- Department of Cellular Biology & Anatomy.,Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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20
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Zhang Q, Hu Q, Wang J, Miao Z, Li Z, Zhao Y, Wan B, Allen EG, Sun M, Jin P, Xu X. Stress modulates Ahi1-dependent nuclear localization of Ten-Eleven Translocation Protein 2. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:2149-2160. [PMID: 34218273 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric diseases. Recent evidence supports that environmental stress affects gene expression and promotes the pathological process of depression through epigenetic mechanisms. Three Ten-Eleven Translocation (Tet) enzymes are epigenetic regulators of gene expression that promote 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification of genes. Here, we show that the loss of Tet2 can induce depression-like phenotypes in mice. Paradoxically, using the paradigms of chronic stress, such as chronic mild stress (CMS) and chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), we found that depressive behaviors were associated with increased Tet2 expression but decreased global 5hmC level in hippocampus. We examined the genome-wide 5hmC profile in the hippocampus of Tet2 knockout mice and identified 651 dynamically hydroxymethylated regions, some of which overlapped with known depression-associated loci. We further showed that chronic stress could induce the abnormal nuclear translocation of Tet2 protein from cytosol. Through Tet2 immunoprecipitation and mass spectrum analyses, we identified a cellular trafficking protein, Abelson helper integration site-1 (Ahi1), which could interact with Tet2 protein. Ahi1 knockout or knockdown caused the accumulation of Tet2 in cytosol. The reduction of Ahi1 protein under chronic stress explained the abnormal Ahi1-dependent nuclear translocation of Tet2. These findings together provide the evidence for a critical role of modulating Tet2 nuclear translocation in regulating stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Departments of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Qicheng Hu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Zhigang Miao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Ziyi Li
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bo Wan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Emily G Allen
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Miao Sun
- The Institute of Fetology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Peng Jin
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Departments of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, China.,Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Dick A, Chen A. The role of TET proteins in stress-induced neuroepigenetic and behavioural adaptations. Neurobiol Stress 2021; 15:100352. [PMID: 34189192 PMCID: PMC8220100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, critical, non-redundant roles of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of dioxygenase enzymes have been identified in the brain during developmental and postnatal stages. Specifically, TET-mediated active demethylation, involving the iterative oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and subsequent oxidative derivatives, is dynamically regulated in response to environmental stimuli such as neuronal activity, learning and memory processes, and stressor exposure. Such changes may therefore perpetuate stable and dynamic transcriptional patterns within neuronal populations required for neuroplasticity and behavioural adaptation. In this review, we will highlight recent evidence supporting a role of TET protein function and active demethylation in stress-induced neuroepigenetic and behavioural adaptations. We further explore potential mechanisms by which TET proteins may mediate both the basal and pathological embedding of stressful life experiences within the brain of relevance to stress-related psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec Dick
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Corresponding author.
| | - Alon Chen
- Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- The Ruhman Family Laboratory for Research on the Neurobiology of Stress, Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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22
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Antunes C, Da Silva JD, Guerra-Gomes S, Alves ND, Ferreira F, Loureiro-Campos E, Branco MR, Sousa N, Reik W, Pinto L, Marques CJ. Tet3 ablation in adult brain neurons increases anxiety-like behavior and regulates cognitive function in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1445-1457. [PMID: 32103150 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
TET3 is a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of enzymes which oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) into 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). Tet3 is highly expressed in the brain, where 5hmC levels are most abundant. In adult mice, we observed that TET3 is present in mature neurons and oligodendrocytes but is absent in astrocytes. To investigate the function of TET3 in adult postmitotic neurons, we crossed Tet3 floxed mice with a neuronal Cre-expressing mouse line, Camk2a-CreERT2, obtaining a Tet3 conditional KO (cKO) mouse line. Ablation of Tet3 in adult mature neurons resulted in increased anxiety-like behavior with concomitant hypercorticalism, and impaired hippocampal-dependent spatial orientation. Transcriptome and gene-specific expression analysis of the hippocampus showed dysregulation of genes involved in glucocorticoid signaling pathway (HPA axis) in the ventral hippocampus, whereas upregulation of immediate early genes was observed in both dorsal and ventral hippocampal areas. In addition, Tet3 cKO mice exhibit increased dendritic spine maturation in the ventral CA1 hippocampal subregion. Based on these observations, we suggest that TET3 is involved in molecular alterations that govern hippocampal-dependent functions. These results reveal a critical role for epigenetic modifications in modulating brain functions, opening new insights into the molecular basis of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Antunes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Jorge D Da Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sónia Guerra-Gomes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno D Alves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fábio Ferreira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Eduardo Loureiro-Campos
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Miguel R Branco
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AT, UK
| | - Nuno Sousa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK.,The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Luísa Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal. .,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - C Joana Marques
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto (FMUP), 4200-319, Porto, Portugal. .,i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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23
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Sun J, Yang J, Miao X, Loh HH, Pei D, Zheng H. Proteins in DNA methylation and their role in neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 10:7. [PMID: 33649938 PMCID: PMC7921253 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic modifications, namely non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone modifications such as methylation, phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitylation, and sumoylation play a significant role in brain development. DNA methyltransferases, methyl-CpG binding proteins, and ten-eleven translocation proteins facilitate the maintenance, interpretation, and removal of DNA methylation, respectively. Different forms of methylation, including 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and other oxidized forms, have been detected by recently developed sequencing technologies. Emerging evidence suggests that the diversity of DNA methylation patterns in the brain plays a key role in fine-tuning and coordinating gene expression in the development, plasticity, and disorders of the mammalian central nervous system. Neural stem cells (NSCs), originating from the neuroepithelium, generate neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system and contribute to brain plasticity in the adult mammalian brain. MAIN BODY Here, we summarized recent research in proteins responsible for the establishment, maintenance, interpretation, and removal of DNA methylation and those involved in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs. In addition, we discussed the interactions of chemicals with epigenetic pathways to regulate NSCs as well as the connections between proteins involved in DNA methylation and human diseases. CONCLUSION Understanding the interplay between DNA methylation and NSCs in a broad biological context can facilitate the related studies and reduce potential misunderstanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Sun
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China.
| | - Junzheng Yang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Xiaoli Miao
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Horace H Loh
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China
| | - Duanqing Pei
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China.,Institutes for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), #188 Kaiyuan Ave., Science City, Huangpu District, Guangzhou, 510700, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510530, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510530, China. .,Institutes for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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24
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MacArthur IC, Dawlaty MM. TET Enzymes and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Neural Progenitor Cell Biology and Neurodevelopment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645335. [PMID: 33681230 PMCID: PMC7930563 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies of tissue-specific epigenomes have revealed 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) to be a highly enriched and dynamic DNA modification in the metazoan nervous system, inspiring interest in the function of this epigenetic mark in neurodevelopment and brain function. 5hmC is generated by oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC), a process catalyzed by the ten–eleven translocation (TET) enzymes. 5hmC serves not only as an intermediate in DNA demethylation but also as a stable epigenetic mark. Here, we review the known functions of 5hmC and TET enzymes in neural progenitor cell biology and embryonic and postnatal neurogenesis. We also discuss how TET enzymes and 5hmC regulate neuronal activity and brain function and highlight their implications in human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we present outstanding questions in the field and envision new research directions into the roles of 5hmC and TET enzymes in neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian C MacArthur
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Meelad M Dawlaty
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
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25
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Greer CB, Wright J, Weiss JD, Lazarenko RM, Moran SP, Zhu J, Chronister KS, Jin AY, Kennedy AJ, Sweatt JD, Kaas GA. Tet1 Isoforms Differentially Regulate Gene Expression, Synaptic Transmission, and Memory in the Mammalian Brain. J Neurosci 2021; 41:578-593. [PMID: 33262245 PMCID: PMC7842754 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1821-20.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic regulation of DNA methylation in postmitotic neurons is necessary for memory formation and other adaptive behaviors. Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) plays a part in these processes by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), thereby initiating active DNA demethylation. However, attempts to pinpoint its exact role in the nervous system have been hindered by contradictory findings, perhaps due in part, to a recent discovery that two isoforms of the Tet1 gene are differentially expressed from early development into adulthood. Here, we demonstrate that both the shorter transcript (Tet1S ) encoding an N-terminally truncated TET1 protein and a full-length Tet1 (Tet1FL ) transcript encoding canonical TET1 are co-expressed in the adult mouse brain. We show that Tet1S is the predominantly expressed isoform and is highly enriched in neurons, whereas Tet1FL is generally expressed at lower levels and more abundant in glia, suggesting their roles are at least partially cell type-specific. Using viral-mediated, isoform and neuron-specific molecular tools, we find that the individual repression of each transcript leads to the dysregulation of unique gene ensembles and contrasting changes in basal synaptic transmission. In addition, Tet1S repression enhances, while Tet1FL impairs, hippocampal-dependent memory in male mice. Together, our findings demonstrate that each Tet1 isoform serves a distinct role in the mammalian brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In the brain, activity-dependent changes in gene expression are required for the formation of long-term memories. DNA methylation plays an essential role in orchestrating these learning-induced transcriptional programs by influencing chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding. Once thought of as a stable epigenetic mark, DNA methylation is now known to be impermanent and dynamically regulated, driving neuroplasticity in the brain. We found that Tet1, a member of the ten-eleven translocation (TET) family of enzymes that mediates removal of DNA methyl marks, is expressed as two separate isoforms in the adult mouse brain and that each differentially regulates gene expression, synaptic transmission and memory formation. Together, our findings demonstrate that each Tet1 isoform serves a distinct role in the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- C B Greer
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - J Wright
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - J D Weiss
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - R M Lazarenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - S P Moran
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - J Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - K S Chronister
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - A Y Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - A J Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, Bates College, Lewiston, Maine 04240
| | - J D Sweatt
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - G A Kaas
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
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26
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Abstract
This review explores how different classes of drugs, including those with therapeutic and abuse potential, alter brain functions and behavior via the epigenome. Epigenetics, in its simplest interpretation, is the study of the regulation of a genes' transcriptional potential. The epigenome is established during development but is malleable throughout life by a wide variety of drugs, with both clinical utility and abuse potential. An epigenetic effect can be central to the drug's therapeutic or abuse potential, or it can be independent from the main effect but nevertheless produce beneficial or adverse side effects. Here, I discuss the various epigenetic effects of main pharmacological drug classes, including antidepressants, antiepileptics, and drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklos Toth
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA;
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27
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Wei J, Cheng J, Waddell NJ, Wang ZJ, Pang X, Cao Q, Liu A, Chitaman JM, Abreu K, Jasrotia RS, Duffney LJ, Zhang J, Dietz DM, Feng J, Yan Z. DNA Methyltransferase 3A Is Involved in the Sustained Effects of Chronic Stress on Synaptic Functions and Behaviors. Cereb Cortex 2020; 31:1998-2012. [PMID: 33230530 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that epigenetic mechanisms regulate aberrant gene transcription in stress-associated mental disorders. However, it remains to be elucidated about the role of DNA methylation and its catalyzing enzymes, DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), in this process. Here, we found that male rats exposed to chronic (2-week) unpredictable stress exhibited a substantial reduction of Dnmt3a after stress cessation in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), a key target region of stress. Treatment of unstressed control rats with DNMT inhibitors recapitulated the effect of chronic unpredictable stress on decreased AMPAR expression and function in PFC. In contrast, overexpression of Dnmt3a in PFC of stressed animals prevented the loss of glutamatergic responses. Moreover, the stress-induced behavioral abnormalities, including the impaired recognition memory, heightened aggression, and hyperlocomotion, were partially attenuated by Dnmt3a expression in PFC of stressed animals. Finally, we found that there were genome-wide DNA methylation changes and transcriptome alterations in PFC of stressed rats, both of which were enriched at several neural pathways, including glutamatergic synapse and microtubule-associated protein kinase signaling. These results have therefore recognized the potential role of DNA epigenetic modification in stress-induced disturbance of synaptic functions and cognitive and emotional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jia Cheng
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Nicholas J Waddell
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Xiaodong Pang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Qing Cao
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Aiyi Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Javed M Chitaman
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Kristen Abreu
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Rahul Singh Jasrotia
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Lara J Duffney
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - David M Dietz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Jian Feng
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.,Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Zhen Yan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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28
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Gatta E, Saudagar V, Auta J, Grayson DR, Guidotti A. Epigenetic landscape of stress surfeit disorders: Key role for DNA methylation dynamics. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 156:127-183. [PMID: 33461662 PMCID: PMC7942223 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to stress throughout lifespan alters brain structure and function, inducing a maladaptive response to environmental stimuli, that can contribute to the development of a pathological phenotype. Studies have shown that hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction is associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive, alcohol use and post-traumatic stress disorders. Downstream actors of the HPA axis, glucocorticoids are critical mediators of the stress response and exert their function through specific receptors, i.e., the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), highly expressed in stress/reward-integrative pathways. GRs are ligand-activated transcription factors that recruit epigenetic actors to regulate gene expression via DNA methylation, altering chromatin structure and thus shaping the response to stress. The dynamic interplay between stress response and epigenetic modifiers suggest DNA methylation plays a key role in the development of stress surfeit disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Gatta
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Vikram Saudagar
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - James Auta
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dennis R Grayson
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Alessandro Guidotti
- Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Institute, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
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29
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Epigenetic mechanisms underlying stress-induced depression. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 156:87-126. [PMID: 33461666 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events are a major contributor to the development of major depressive disorder. Environmental perturbations like stress change gene expression in the brain, leading to altered behavior. Gene expression is ultimately regulated by chromatin structure and the epigenetic modifications of DNA and the histone proteins that make up chromatin. Studies over the past two decades have demonstrated that stress alters the epigenetic landscape in several brain regions relevant for depressive-like behavior in rodents. This chapter will discuss epigenetic mechanisms of brain histone acetylation, histone methylation, and DNA methylation that contribute to adult stress-induced depressive-like behavior in rodents. Several biological themes have emerged from the examination of the brain transcriptome after stress such as alterations in the neuroimmune response, neurotrophic factors, and synaptic structure. The epigenetic mechanisms regulating these processes will be highlighted. Finally, pharmacological and genetic manipulations of epigenetic enzymes in rodent models of depression will be discussed as these approaches have demonstrated the ability to reverse stress-induced depressive-like behaviors and provide proof-of-concept as novel avenues for the treatment of clinical depression.
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30
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Guo L, Zhu Z, Wang G, Cui S, Shen M, Song Z, Wang JH. microRNA-15b contributes to depression-like behavior in mice by affecting synaptic protein levels and function in the nucleus accumbens. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6831-6848. [PMID: 32209659 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression is a prevalent affective disorder characterized by recurrent low mood. It presumably results from stress-induced deteriorations of molecular networks and synaptic functions in brain reward circuits of genetically-susceptible individuals through epigenetic processes. Epigenetic regulator microRNA-15b inhibits neuronal progenitor proliferation and is up-regulated in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice that demonstrate depression-like behavior, indicating the contribution of microRNA-15 to major depression. Using a mouse model of major depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), here we examined the effects of microRNA-15b on synapses and synaptic proteins in the nucleus accumbens of these mice. The application of a microRNA-15b antagomir into the nucleus accumbens significantly reduced the incidence of CUMS-induced depression and reversed the attenuations of excitatory synapse and syntaxin-binding protein 3 (STXBP3A)/vesicle-associated protein 1 (VAMP1) expression. In contrast, the injection of a microRNA-15b analog into the nucleus accumbens induced depression-like behavior as well as attenuated excitatory synapses and STXBP3A/VAMP1 expression similar to the down-regulation of these processes induced by the CUMS. We conclude that microRNA-15b-5p may play a critical role in chronic stress-induced depression by decreasing synaptic proteins, innervations, and activities in the nucleus accumbens. We propose that the treatment of anti-microRNA-15b-5p may convert stress-induced depression into resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoming Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong 266021, China
| | - Guangyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong 266021, China
| | - Shan Cui
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Meng Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong 266021, China
| | - Zhenhua Song
- School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University, Qingdao Shandong 266021, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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31
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Yamada S, Islam MS, van Kooten N, Bovee S, Oh YM, Tsujimura A, Watanabe Y, Tanaka M. Neuropeptide Y neurons in the nucleus accumbens modulate anxiety-like behavior. Exp Neurol 2020; 327:113216. [PMID: 32014439 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a 36-amino acid neuropeptide that is widely expressed in the central nervous system, including the cerebral cortex, nucleus accumbens (NAc) and hypothalamus. We previously analyzed the behavior of transgenic mice exclusively expressing an unedited RNA isoform of the 5-HT2C receptor. These mice showed decreased NPY gene expression in the NAc and exhibited behavioral despair, suggesting that NAc NPY neurons may be involved in mood disorder; however, their role in this behavior remained unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the functional role of NAc NPY neurons in anxiety-like behavior by examining the impact of specific ablation or activation of NAc NPY neurons using NPY-Cre mice and Cre-dependent adeno-associated virus. Diphtheria toxin-mediated ablation of NAc NPY neurons significantly increased anxiety-like behavior in the open field and elevated plus maze tests, compared with before toxin treatment. Moreover, chemogenetic activation of NAc NPY neurons reduced anxiety-like behavior in both behavioral tests compared with control mice. These results suggest that NPY neurons in the NAc are involved in the modulation of anxiety in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunji Yamada
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Mohammad Shyful Islam
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Nienke van Kooten
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Sonny Bovee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoon-Mi Oh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tsujimura
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Watanabe
- Department of Basic Geriatrics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Masaki Tanaka
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
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32
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The molecular and cellular mechanisms of depression: a focus on reward circuitry. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24:1798-1815. [PMID: 30967681 PMCID: PMC6785351 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0415-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a complex disorder that takes an enormous toll on individual health. As affected individuals display a wide variation in their clinical symptoms, the precise neural mechanisms underlying the development of depression remain elusive. Although it is impossible to phenocopy every symptom of human depression in rodents, the preclinical field has had great success in modeling some of the core affective and neurovegetative depressive symptoms, including social withdrawal, anhedonia, and weight loss. Adaptations in select cell populations may underlie these individual depressive symptoms and new tools have expanded our ability to monitor and manipulate specific cell types. This review outlines some of the most recent preclinical discoveries on the molecular and neurophysiological mechanisms in reward circuitry that underlie the expression of behavioral constructs relevant to depressive symptoms.
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33
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Du K, Lu W, Sun Y, Feng J, Wang JH. mRNA and miRNA profiles in the nucleus accumbens are related to fear memory and anxiety induced by physical or psychological stress. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 118:44-65. [PMID: 31493709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Anxiety is presumably driven by fear memory. The nucleus accumbens involves emotional regulation. Molecular profiles in the nucleus accumbens related to stress-induced fear memory remain elucidated. Fear memory in mice was induced by a paradigm of social defeat. Physical and psychological stress was delivered to an intruder that was attacked by an aggressive resident. Meanwhile, an observer experienced psychological stress by seeing aggressor attacks. The nucleus accumbens tissues from intruder and observer mice that appear fear memory and anxiety as well as control mice were harvested for analyses of mRNA and miRNA profiles by high throughput sequencing. In the nucleus accumbens of intruders and observers with fear memory and anxiety, genes encoding AdrRα, AChRM2/3, GluRM2/8, HrR1, SSR, BDNF and AC are upregulated, while genes encoding DR3/5, PR2, GPγ8 and P450 are downregulated. Physical and/or psychological stress leads to fear memory and anxiety likely by molecules relevant to certain synapses. Moreover, there are differential expressions in genes that encode GABARA, 5-HTR1/5, CREB3, AChRM2, RyR, Wnt and GPγ13 in the nucleus accumbens from intruders versus observers. GABAergic, serotonergic and cholinergic synapses as well as calcium, Wnt and CREB signaling molecules may be involved in fear memory differently induced by psychological stress and physical/psychological stress. The data from analyzing mRNA and miRNA profiles are consistent. Some molecules are validated by qRT-PCR and dual luciferase reporter assay. Fear memory and anxiety induced by the mixture of physical and psychological stress or psychological stress appear influenced by complicated molecular mechanisms in the nucleus accumbens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Du
- Qingdao University, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Qingdao University, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China.
| | - Yan Sun
- Qingdao University, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Jing Feng
- Qingdao University, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wang
- Qingdao University, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao, Shandong, 266021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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34
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Jiang N, Lv JW, Wang HX, Lu C, Wang Q, Xia TJ, Bao Y, Li SS, Liu XM. Dammarane sapogenins alleviates depression-like behaviours induced by chronic social defeat stress in mice through the promotion of the BDNF signalling pathway and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Brain Res Bull 2019; 153:239-249. [PMID: 31542427 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) is a widely used behavioural paradigm of psychosocial stress that can be used to research the pathogenesis of depression and seek antidepressant drugs. Dammarane sapogenins (DS), the deglycosylated product of ginsenosides, has a wide range of biological activities, including immunomodulatory, antifatigue, antitumour and antidepressant activities. However, whether DS has antidepressant-like effects in a CSDS mouse model remains unknown. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the antidepressant properties of DS in CSDS mice and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that the oral administration of DS (40 and 80 mg/kg) increased the time spent in the interaction zone in the social interaction test and the sucrose intake in the sucrose preference test, decreased the latency in the novelty-suppressed feeding test, and reduced the immobility time in both the tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Biochemical analyses of brain tissue and serum showed that DS treatment significantly decreased serum corticosterone levels and enhanced brain monoamine neurotransmitter levels in CSDS mice. In addition, an impairment in hippocampal neurogenesis that paralleled a reduced BDNF level in the hippocampus was observed in the mice that were subjected with CSDS for 3 weeks, while treatment with DS reversed these changes. Moreover, DS treatment significantly upregulated BDNF, pTrkB/TrkB, pAkt/Akt, pPI3K/PI3K, pCREB/CREB, pERK1/2/ERK1/2 and pmTOR/mTOR protein expression in the hippocampus. In conclusion, our results showed that DS exerts antidepressant-like effects in mice with CSDS-induced depression, that the effects may be mediated by the normalization of monoamine neurotransmitter levels, the prevention of HPA axis dysfunction and the impairment of hippocampal neurogenesis, and that this occurs partly through the ability of DS to enhance BDNF expression by increasing the TrkB/CREB/ERK pathway and the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Jiang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Wei Lv
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hai-Xia Wang
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Affiliated TCM Hospital/School of Pharmacy/Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Tian-Ji Xia
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bao
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Shan Li
- Affiliated TCM Hospital/School of Pharmacy/Sino-Portugal TCM International Cooperation Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xin-Min Liu
- Research Center for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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35
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Ho AMC, Winham SJ, Armasu SM, Blacker CJ, Millischer V, Lavebratt C, Overholser JC, Jurjus GJ, Dieter L, Mahajan G, Rajkowska G, Vallender EJ, Stockmeier CA, Robertson KD, Frye MA, Choi DS, Veldic M. Genome-wide DNA methylomic differences between dorsolateral prefrontal and temporal pole cortices of bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2019; 117:45-54. [PMID: 31279243 PMCID: PMC6941851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and temporal pole (TP) are brain regions that display abnormalities in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. DNA methylation - an epigenetic mechanism both heritable and sensitive to the environment - may be involved in the pathophysiology of BD. To study BD-associated DNA methylomic differences in these brain regions, we extracted genomic DNA from the postmortem tissues of Brodmann Area (BA) 9 (DLPFC) and BA38 (TP) gray matter from 20 BD, ten major depression (MDD), and ten control age-and-sex-matched subjects. Genome-wide methylation levels were measured using the 850 K Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We detected striking differences between cortical regions, with greater numbers of between-brain-region differentially methylated positions (DMPs; i.e., CpG sites) in all groups, most pronounced in the BD group, and with substantial overlap across groups. The genes of DMPs common to both BD and MDD (hypothetically associated with their common features such as depression) and those distinct to BD (hypothetically associated with BD-specific features such as mania) were enriched in pathways involved in neurodevelopment including axon guidance. Pathways enriched only in the BD-MDD shared list pointed to GABAergic dysregulation, while those enriched in the BD-only list suggested glutamatergic dysregulation and greater impact on synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. We further detected group-specific between-brain-region gene expression differences in ODC1, CALY, GALNT2, and GABRD, which contained significant between-brain-region DMPs. In each brain region, no significant DMPs or differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found between diagnostic groups. In summary, the methylation differences between DLPFC and TP may provide molecular targets for further investigations of genetic and environmental vulnerabilities associated with both unique and common features of various mood disorders and suggest directions of future development of individualized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada M.-C. Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Stacey J. Winham
- Department of Health Science Research, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Caren J. Blacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincent Millischer
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department for Molecular Medicine and Surgery (MMK),
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University
Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James C. Overholser
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - George J. Jurjus
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH,
USA
| | - Lesa Dieter
- Department of Psychology, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gouri Mahajan
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Grazyna Rajkowska
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Eric J. Vallender
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Craig A. Stockmeier
- Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University,
Cleveland, OH, USA,Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi
Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Keith D. Robertson
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mark A. Frye
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic,
Rochester, MN, USA,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental
Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Marin Veldic
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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36
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Wang Y, Liu B, Yang Y, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Miao Z, Zhu J. Metformin exerts antidepressant effects by regulated DNA hydroxymethylation. Epigenomics 2019; 11:655-667. [PMID: 30760033 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We aim to study the antidepressant mechanism of metformin. Materials & methods: Tail suspension test and forced swimming test were used to detect the depression-like behavior; the expressions of target protein were examined by western blot; the levels of target genes were tested by quantitative PCR; the content of α-ketoglutarate and 5hmC were detected by ELISA kit. Results: We showed that metformin can improve the depression-like behavior in spatial restraint stress model; then we found that metformin through AMPK/Tet2 pathway increasing the expression of BDNF to antidepression. Conclusion: Our study provided evidences that metformin plays a role of antidepressant effects through the AMPK/Tet2/BDNF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Beibei Liu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of psychiatry, The Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yamin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Miao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou City, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiangtao Zhu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou City, Jiangsu, China
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37
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Xu SJ, Heller EA. Recent advances in neuroepigenetic editing. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 59:26-33. [PMID: 31015104 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
A wealth of studies in the mammalian nervous system indicate the role of epigenetic gene regulation in both basic neurobiological function and disease. However, the relationship between epigenetic regulation and neuropathology is largely correlational due to the presence of mixed cell populations within brain regions and the genome-wide effects of classical approaches to manipulate the epigenome. Locus-specific epigenetic editing allows direct epigenetic regulation of specific genes to elucidate the direct causal relationship between epigenetic modifications and transcription. This review discusses some of the latest innovations in the efficacy and flexibility in this approach that hold promise for neurobiological application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Jun Xu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Heller
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics and Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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38
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Furuse K, Ukai W, Hashimoto E, Hashiguchi H, Kigawa Y, Ishii T, Tayama M, Deriha K, Shiraishi M, Kawanishi C. Antidepressant activities of escitalopram and blonanserin on prenatal and adolescent combined stress-induced depression model: Possible role of neurotrophic mechanism change in serum and nucleus accumbens. J Affect Disord 2019; 247:97-104. [PMID: 30658246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been number of studies suggesting experiences of adversity in early life interrelated subsequent brain development, however, neurobiological mechanisms confer risk for onset of psychiatric illness remains unclear. METHODS In order to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying early life adversity-induced refractory depression in more detail, we administered corticosterone (CORT) to adolescent rats with or without prenatal ethanol exposure followed by an antidepressant or antipsychotic and examined alterations in depressive and social function behaviors and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in serum, the hippocampus, anterior cingulate cortex, and nucleus accumbens. RESULTS The combined stress exposure of prenatal ethanol and adolescent CORT prolonged immobility times in the forced swim test (FST), and increased investigation times and numbers in the social interaction test (SIT). A treatment with escitalopram reversed depression-like behavior accompanied by reductions in BDNF levels in serum and the nucleus accumbens, while a treatment with blonanserin ameliorated abnormal social interaction behavior with reductions in serum BDNF levels. LIMITATIONS Further studies are needed to clarify the clinical evinces responding to these results, and many questions remain regarding the mechanisms by which refractory depression and antidepressant/antipsychotic treatments cause changes in serum and brain regional BDNF levels. CONCLUSION These results strongly implicate changes in BDNF levels in serum and the nucleus accumbens in the pathophysiology and treatment of early life combined stress-induced depression and highlight the therapeutic potential of escitalopram and new generation antipsychotic blonanserin for treatment-resistant refractory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Furuse
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Wataru Ukai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan.
| | - Eri Hashimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Hanako Hashiguchi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Yoshiyasu Kigawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Takao Ishii
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Masaya Tayama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Kenta Deriha
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Masaki Shiraishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kawanishi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, S-1, W-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 0608543, Japan
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39
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Labonté B, Jeong YH, Parise E, Issler O, Fatma M, Engmann O, Cho KA, Neve R, Nestler EJ, Koo JW. Gadd45b mediates depressive-like role through DNA demethylation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4615. [PMID: 30874581 PMCID: PMC6420662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies using chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) in mice showed that brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling in the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) circuit is important for the development of social aversion. However, the downstream molecular targets after BDNF release from ventral tegmental area (VTA) DA terminals are unknown. Here, we show that depressive-like behaviors induced by CSDS are mediated in part by Gadd45b downstream of BDNF signaling in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We show that Gadd45b mRNA levels are increased in susceptible but not resilient mice. Intra-NAc infusion of BDNF or optical stimulation of VTA DA terminals in NAc enhanced Gadd45b expression levels in the NAc. Importantly, Gadd45b downregulation reversed social avoidance in susceptible mice. Together, these data suggest that Gadd45b in NAc contributes to susceptibility to social stress. In addition, we investigated the function of Gadd45b in demethylating CpG islands of representative gene targets, which have been associated with a depressive phenotype in humans and animal models. We found that Gadd45b downregulation changes DNA methylation levels in a phenotype-, gene-, and locus-specific fashion. Together, these results highlight the contribution of Gadd45b and changes in DNA methylation in mediating the effects of social stress in the mesolimbic DA circuit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Labonté
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Yun Ha Jeong
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41068, Korea
| | - Eric Parise
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Orna Issler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Mena Fatma
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Department of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivia Engmann
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Kyung-Ah Cho
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41068, Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Rachael Neve
- Viral Gene Transfer Core, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Ja Wook Koo
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), 61, Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu, 41068, Korea.
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40
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Strasser A, Xin L, Gruetter R, Sandi C. Nucleus accumbens neurochemistry in human anxiety: A 7 T 1H-MRS study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2019; 29:365-375. [PMID: 30600114 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Individual differences in anxiety provide a differential predisposition to develop neuropsychiatric disorders. The neurochemical underpinnings of anxiety remain elusive, particularly in deep structures, such as the nucleus accumbens (NAc) whose involvement in anxiety is being increasingly recognized. We examined the associations between the neurochemical profile of human NAc metabolites involved in neural excitation and inhibition and inter-individual variation in temperamental and situational anxiety. Twenty-seven healthy 20-30 years-old human males were phenotyped with questionnaires for state and trait anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), social anxiety (Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale), negative mood (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) and fatigue (Mental and Physical State Energy and Fatigue Scales, SEF). Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) at 7 Tesla (7T), we measured metabolite levels for glutamate, glutamine, GABA and taurine in the NAc. Salivary cortisol was also measured. Strikingly, trait anxiety was negatively associated with NAc taurine content. Perceived situational stress was negatively associated with NAc GABA, while positively with the Glu/GABA ratio. No correlation was observed between NAc taurine or GABA and other phenotypic variables examined (i.e., state anxiety, social anxiety, negative mood, or cortisol), except for a negative correlation between taurine and state physical fatigue. This first 7T study of NAc neurochemistry shows relevant metabolite associations with individual variation in anxiety traits and situational stress and state anxiety measurements. The novel identified association between NAc taurine levels and trait anxiety may pave the way for clinical studies aimed at identifying new treatments for anxiety and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Strasser
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland
| | - Lijing Xin
- Animal Imaging and Technology Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory of Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Radiology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carmen Sandi
- Laboratory of Behavioral Genetics, Brain Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland.
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Abstract
Chromatin-related phenomena regulate gene expression by altering the compaction and accessibility of DNA to relevant transcription factors, thus allowing every cell in the body to attain distinct identities and to function properly within a given cellular context. These processes occur not only in the developing central nervous system, but continue throughout the lifetime of a neuron to constantly adapt to changes in the environment. Such changes can be positive or negative, thereby altering the chromatin landscape to influence cellular and synaptic plasticity within relevant neural circuits, and ultimately behavior. Given the importance of epigenetic mechanisms in guiding physiological adaptations, perturbations in these processes in brain have been linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. In this review, we cover some of the recent advances linking chromatin dynamics to complex brain disorders and discuss new methodologies that may overcome current limitations in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan M Bastle
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
| | - Ian Maze
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029.,Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029
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Shimamoto A. Social Defeat Stress, Sex, and Addiction-Like Behaviors. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2018; 140:271-313. [PMID: 30193707 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Social confrontation is a form of social interaction in animals where two conspecific individuals confront each other in dispute over territory, during the formation of hierarchies, and during breeding seasons. Typically, a social confrontation involves a prevailing individual and a yielding individual. The prevailing individual often exhibits aggressive postures and launches attacks, whereas the yielding individual often adopts postures of defeat. The yielding or defeated animals experience a phenomenon known as social defeat stress, in which they show exaggerated stress as well as autonomic and endocrine responses that cause impairment of both the brain and body. In laboratory settings, one can reliably generate social defeat stress by allowing a naïve (or already defeated) animal to intrude into a home cage in which its resident has already established a territory or is nursing. This resident-intruder paradigm has been widely used in both males and females to study mechanisms in the brain that underlie the stress responses. Stress has profound effects on drug reward for cocaine, methamphetamine, alcohol, and opioids. Particularly, previous experiences with social defeat can exaggerate subsequent addiction-like behaviors. The extent of these addiction-like behaviors depends on the intensity, duration, frequency, and intermittency of the confrontation episodes. This chapter describes four types of social defeat stress: acute, repeated, intermittent, and chronic. Specifically, it focuses on social defeat stress models used in laboratories to study individual, sex, and animal strain differences in addiction-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Shimamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Cancer Biology, Neuroscience, and Pharmacology, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States.
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43
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In Vivo and In Vitro Neuronal Plasticity Modulation by Epigenetic Regulators. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 65:301-311. [PMID: 29931501 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1101-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal stress (PS) induces molecular changes that alter neural connectivity, increasing the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we analyzed -in the hippocampus of adult rats exposed to PS- the epigenetic signature mediating the PS-induced neuroplasticity changes. Furthermore, using cultured hippocampal neurons, we investigated the effects on neuroplasticity of an epigenetic modulator. PS induced significant modifications in the mRNA levels of stress-related transcription factor MEF2A, SUV39H1 histone methyltransferase, and TET1 hydroxylase, indicating that PS modifies gene expression through chromatin remodeling. In in vitro analysis, histone acetylation inhibition with apicidin increased filopodium density, suggesting that the external regulation of acetylation levels might modulate neuronal morphology. These results offer a way to enhance neural connectivity that could be considered to revert PS effects.
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44
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Reece AS, Wang W, Hulse GK. Pathways from epigenomics and glycobiology towards novel biomarkers of addiction and its radical cure. Med Hypotheses 2018; 116:10-21. [PMID: 29857889 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The recent demonstration that addiction-relevant neuronal ensembles defined by known master transcription factors and their connectome is networked throughout mesocorticolimbic reward circuits and resonates harmonically at known frequencies implies that single-cell pan-omics techniques can improve our understanding of Substance Use Disorders (SUD's). Application of machine learning algorithms to such data could find diagnostic utility as biomarkers both to define the presence of the disorder and to quantitate its severity and find myriad applications in a developmental pipeline towards therapeutics and cure. Recent epigenomic studies have uncovered a wealth of clinically important data relating to synapse-nucleus signalling, memory storage, lineage-fate determination and cellular control and are contributing greatly to our understanding of all SUD's. Epigenetics interacts extensively with glycobiology. Glycans decorate DNA, RNA and many circulating critical proteins particularly immunoglobulins. Glycosylation is emerging as a major information-laden post-translational protein modification with documented application for biomarker development. The integration of these two emerging cutting-edge technologies provides a powerful and fertile algorithmic-bioinformatic space for the development both of SUD biomarkers and novel cutting edge therapeutics. HYPOTHESES These lines of evidence provide fertile ground for hypotheses relating to both diagnosis and treatment. They suggest that biomarkers derived from epigenomics complemented by glycobiology may potentially provide a bedside diagnostic tool which could be developed into a clinically useful biomarker to gauge both the presence and the severity of SUD's. Moreover they suggest that modern information-based therapeutics acting on the epigenome, via RNA interference or by DNA antisense oligonucleotides may provide a novel 21st century therapeutic development pipeline towards the radical cure of addictive disorders. Such techniques could be focussed and potentiated by neurotrophic vectors or the application of interfering electric or magnetic fields deep in the medial temporal lobes of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stuart Reece
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia.
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
| | - Gary Kenneth Hulse
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, 6027, Australia
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Peña CJ, Nestler EJ. Progress in Epigenetics of Depression. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 157:41-66. [PMID: 29933956 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a prevalent and complex psychiatric syndrome. Epigenetic mechanisms bridge the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. A surge of research over the last decade has identified changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, histone organization, and noncoding RNAs associated with depression and stress-induced depression-like behavior in animal models. We focus here on associations of epigenetic factors concurrent with depression and depression-like behavior, although risk for depression and some of the associated epigenetic changes are known to have developmental origins. Finally, emerging technology may enable breakthroughs in the ability to rescue depression-associated epigenetic modifications at specific genes, greatly enhancing specificity of future potential therapeutic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Peña
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric J Nestler
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.
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46
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Zhou H, Wang B, Sun H, Xu X, Wang Y. Epigenetic Regulations in Neural Stem Cells and Neurological Diseases. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:6087143. [PMID: 29743892 PMCID: PMC5878882 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6087143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the regulatory mechanisms of the renewal and differentiation of neural stem cells, recent evidences support that epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs play critical roles in the regulation on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. In this review, we discussed recent advances of DNA modifications on the regulative mechanisms of neural stem cells. Among these epigenetic modifications, DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification is emerging as an important modulator on the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. At the same time, Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) methylcytosine dioxygenases, the rate-limiting enzyme for the 5-hydroxymethylation reaction from 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, play a critical role in the tumorigenesis and the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells. The functions of 5hmC and TET proteins on neural stem cells and their roles in neurological diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
| | - Xingshun Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, China
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