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Jiang T, Ma C, Wang Z, Miao Y. A review of local anesthetic-induced heart toxicity using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Mol Cell Probes 2024; 76:101965. [PMID: 38823509 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2024.101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Local anesthetic (LA) cardiotoxicity is one of the main health problems in anesthesiology and pain management. This study reviewed the reported LA-induced cardiac toxicity types, risk factors, management, and mechanisms, with attention to the use of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in heart toxicity research. Important scientific databases were searched to find relevant articles. We briefly assessed the reported cardiotoxic effects of different types of LA drugs, including ester- and amide-linked LA agents. Furthermore, cardiotoxic effects and clinical manifestations, strategies for preventing and managing LA-induced cardiotoxic effects, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and sodium channel dynamics regarding individual variability and genetic influences were discussed in this review. The applications and importance of hiPSC-CMs cellular model for evaluating the cardiotoxic effects of LA drugs were discussed in detail. This review also explored hiPSC-CMs' potential in risk assessment, drug screening, and developing targeted therapies. The main mechanisms underlying LA-induced cardiotoxicity included perturbation in sodium channels, ROS production, and disorders in the immune system response due to the presence of LA drugs. Furthermore, drug-specific characteristics including pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are important determinants after LA drug injection. In addition, individual patient factors such as age, comorbidities, and genetic variability emphasize the need for a personalized approach to mitigate risks and enhance patient safety. The strategies outlined for the prevention and management of LA cardiotoxicity underscore the importance of careful dosing, continuous monitoring, and the immediate availability of resuscitation equipment. This comprehensive review can be used to guide future investigations into better understanding LA cardiac toxicities and improving patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710002, China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Health Science Center, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yi Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, 710002, China.
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Zhang H, Ren X, Wu C, He X, Huang Z, Li Y, Liao L, Xiang J, Li M, Wu L. Intracellular calcium dysregulation in heart and brain diseases: Insights from induced pluripotent stem cell studies. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2024:nlae078. [PMID: 39001792 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlae078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The central nervous system (CNS) plays a role in regulating heart rate and myocardial contractility through sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves, and the heart can impact the functional equilibrium of the CNS through feedback signals. Although heart and brain diseases often coexist and mutually influence each other, the potential links between heart and brain diseases remain unclear due to a lack of reliable models of these relationships. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can differentiate into multiple functional cell types, stem cell biology and regenerative medicine may offer tools to clarify the mechanisms of these relationships and facilitate screening of effective therapeutic agents. Because calcium ions play essential roles in regulating both the cardiovascular and nervous systems, this review addresses how recent iPSC disease models reveal how dysregulation of intracellular calcium might be a common pathological factor underlying the relationships between heart and brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueming Ren
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xinsen He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhengxuan Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yangpeng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lei Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jie Xiang
- Department of Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Miaoling Li
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Danačíková Š, Straka B, Daněk J, Kořínek V, Otáhal J. In vitro human cell culture models in a bench-to-bedside approach to epilepsy. Epilepsia Open 2024; 9:865-890. [PMID: 38637998 PMCID: PMC11145627 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is the most common chronic neurological disease, affecting nearly 1%-2% of the world's population. Current pharmacological treatment and regimen adjustments are aimed at controlling seizures; however, they are ineffective in one-third of the patients. Although neuronal hyperexcitability was previously thought to be mainly due to ion channel alterations, current research has revealed other contributing molecular pathways, including processes involved in cellular signaling, energy metabolism, protein synthesis, axon guidance, inflammation, and others. Some forms of drug-resistant epilepsy are caused by genetic defects that constitute potential targets for precision therapy. Although such approaches are increasingly important, they are still in the early stages of development. This review aims to provide a summary of practical aspects of the employment of in vitro human cell culture models in epilepsy diagnosis, treatment, and research. First, we briefly summarize the genetic testing that may result in the detection of candidate pathogenic variants in genes involved in epilepsy pathogenesis. Consequently, we review existing in vitro cell models, including induced pluripotent stem cells and differentiated neuronal cells, providing their specific properties, validity, and employment in research pipelines. We cover two methodological approaches. The first approach involves the utilization of somatic cells directly obtained from individual patients, while the second approach entails the utilization of characterized cell lines. The models are evaluated in terms of their research and clinical benefits, relevance to the in vivo conditions, legal and ethical aspects, time and cost demands, and available published data. Despite the methodological, temporal, and financial demands of the reviewed models they possess high potential to be used as robust systems in routine testing of pathogenicity of detected variants in the near future and provide a solid experimental background for personalized therapy of genetic epilepsies. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Epilepsy affects millions worldwide, but current treatments fail for many patients. Beyond traditional ion channel alterations, various genetic factors contribute to the disorder's complexity. This review explores how in vitro human cell models, either from patients or from cell lines, can aid in understanding epilepsy's genetic roots and developing personalized therapies. While these models require further investigation, they offer hope for improved diagnosis and treatment of genetic forms of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Danačíková
- Laboratory of Developmental EpileptologyInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental BiologyInstitute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of ScienceCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
| | - Barbora Straka
- Neurogenetics Laboratory of the Department of Paediatric Neurology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles University and Motol University Hospital, Full Member of the ERN EpiCAREPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jan Daněk
- Laboratory of Developmental EpileptologyInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Vladimír Kořínek
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental BiologyInstitute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
| | - Jakub Otáhal
- Laboratory of Developmental EpileptologyInstitute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic
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Kinnear C, Said A, Meng G, Zhao Y, Wang EY, Rafatian N, Parmar N, Wei W, Billia F, Simmons CA, Radisic M, Ellis J, Mital S. Myosin inhibitor reverses hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in genotypically diverse pediatric iPSC-cardiomyocytes to mirror variant correction. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101520. [PMID: 38642550 PMCID: PMC11148569 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in MYH7 and MYBPC3 account for the majority of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Targeted drugs like myosin ATPase inhibitors have not been evaluated in children. We generate patient and variant-corrected iPSC-cardiomyocytes (CMs) from pediatric HCM patients harboring single variants in MYH7 (V606M; R453C), MYBPC3 (G148R) or digenic variants (MYBPC3 P955fs, TNNI3 A157V). We also generate CMs harboring MYBPC3 mono- and biallelic variants using CRISPR editing of a healthy control. Compared with isogenic and healthy controls, variant-positive CMs show sarcomere disorganization, higher contractility, calcium transients, and ATPase activity. However, only MYH7 and biallelic MYBPC3 variant-positive CMs show stronger myosin-actin binding. Targeted myosin ATPase inhibitors show complete rescue of the phenotype in variant-positive CMs and in cardiac Biowires to mirror isogenic controls. The response is superior to verapamil or metoprolol. Myosin inhibitors can be effective in genotypically diverse HCM highlighting the need for myosin inhibitor drug trials in pediatric HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kinnear
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Abdelrahman Said
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Guoliang Meng
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Erika Y Wang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Naimeh Rafatian
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Neha Parmar
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Wei Wei
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Craig A Simmons
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G8, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program, Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G9, Canada; Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada; Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E5, Canada; Terrence Donnelly Centre for Cellular & Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - James Ellis
- Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Seema Mital
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada; Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, ON M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Dhanjal DS, Singh R, Sharma V, Nepovimova E, Adam V, Kuca K, Chopra C. Advances in Genetic Reprogramming: Prospects from Developmental Biology to Regenerative Medicine. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:1646-1690. [PMID: 37138422 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230503144619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The foundations of cell reprogramming were laid by Yamanaka and co-workers, who showed that somatic cells can be reprogrammed into pluripotent cells (induced pluripotency). Since this discovery, the field of regenerative medicine has seen advancements. For example, because they can differentiate into multiple cell types, pluripotent stem cells are considered vital components in regenerative medicine aimed at the functional restoration of damaged tissue. Despite years of research, both replacement and restoration of failed organs/ tissues have remained elusive scientific feats. However, with the inception of cell engineering and nuclear reprogramming, useful solutions have been identified to counter the need for compatible and sustainable organs. By combining the science underlying genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming with regenerative medicine, scientists have engineered cells to make gene and stem cell therapies applicable and effective. These approaches have enabled the targeting of various pathways to reprogramme cells, i.e., make them behave in beneficial ways in a patient-specific manner. Technological advancements have clearly supported the concept and realization of regenerative medicine. Genetic engineering is used for tissue engineering and nuclear reprogramming and has led to advances in regenerative medicine. Targeted therapies and replacement of traumatized , damaged, or aged organs can be realized through genetic engineering. Furthermore, the success of these therapies has been validated through thousands of clinical trials. Scientists are currently evaluating induced tissue-specific stem cells (iTSCs), which may lead to tumour-free applications of pluripotency induction. In this review, we present state-of-the-art genetic engineering that has been used in regenerative medicine. We also focus on ways that genetic engineering and nuclear reprogramming have transformed regenerative medicine and have become unique therapeutic niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Varun Sharma
- Head of Bioinformatic Division, NMC Genetics India Pvt. Ltd., Gurugram, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, Brno, CZ 613 00, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkynova 123, Brno, CZ-612 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50003, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, 50005, Czech Republic
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
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Choi BY, Yang EM, Jung HW, Shin MK, Jo J, Cha HY, Park HS, Kang HC, Ye YM. Anti-heat shock protein 10 IgG in chronic spontaneous urticaria: Relation with miRNA-101-5p and platelet-activating factor. Allergy 2023; 78:3166-3177. [PMID: 37415527 DOI: 10.1111/all.15810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-heat shock protein (HSP) autoantibodies are detected in autoimmune diseases. We sought to ascertain whether anti-HSP10 IgG is present in patients with CSU and to elucidate the role of HSP10 in CSU pathogenesis. METHOD Using a human proteome microarray, six potential autoantibodies had higher expression in 10 CSU samples compared with 10 normal controls (NCs). Among them, HSP10 IgG autoantibody was quantified by immune dot-blot assay in sera from 86 CSU patients and 44 NCs. The serum levels of HSP10 and microRNA-101-5p were measured in CSU patients and NCs. The effects of HSP10 and miR-101-5p on mast cell degranulation in response to IgE, compound 48/80, and platelet-activating factor (PAF) were investigated. RESULTS CSU patients had higher IgG positivity to HSP10 (40.7% vs. 11.4%, p = .001), lower serum HSP10 levels (5.8 ± 3.6 vs. 12.2 ± 6.6 pg/mL, p < .001) than in NCs, and their urticaria severity was associated with anti-HSP10 IgG positivity, while HSP10 levels were related to urticaria control status. MiR-101-5p was increased in CSU patients. PAF enhanced IL4 production in PBMCs from CSU patients. IL-4 upregulated miR-101-5p and reduced HSP10 expression in keratinocytes. Transfection of miR-101-5p reduced HSP10 expression in keratinocytes. MiR-101-5p promoted PAF-induced mast cell degranulation, while HSP10 specifically prevented it. CONCLUSION A new autoantibody, anti-HSP10 IgG was detected in CSU patients, which showed a significant correlation with UAS7 scores. A decreased serum HSP10 level was associated with upregulation of miR-101-5p due to increased IL-4 and PAF in CSU patients. Modulation of miR-101-5p and HSP10 may be a novel therapeutic approach for CSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Youn Choi
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Yang
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hae-Won Jung
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Min-Kyoung Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Junghyun Jo
- Department of Pharmacology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
- Center for Convergence Research of Neurological Disorders, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Young Cha
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Kang
- Department of Physiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
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van der Meulen K, Smets G, Rüdelsheim P. Viral Replicon Systems and Their Biosafety Aspects. APPLIED BIOSAFETY 2023; 28:102-122. [PMID: 37342518 PMCID: PMC10278005 DOI: 10.1089/apb.2022.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Viral RNA replicons are self-amplifying RNA molecules generated by deleting genetic information of one or multiple structural proteins of wild-type viruses. Remaining viral RNA is used as such (naked replicon) or packaged into a viral replicon particle (VRP), whereby missing genes or proteins are supplied via production cells. Since replicons mostly originate from pathogenic wild-type viruses, careful risk consideration is crucial. Methods A literature review was performed compiling information on potential biosafety risks of replicons originating from positive- and negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses (except retroviruses). Results For naked replicons, risk considerations included genome integration, persistence in host cells, generation of virus-like vesicles, and off-target effects. For VRP, the main risk consideration was formation of primary replication competent virus (RCV) as a result of recombination or complementation. To limit the risks, mostly measures aiming at reducing the likelihood of RCV formation have been described. Also, modifying viral proteins in such a way that they do not exhibit hazardous characteristics in the unlikely event of RCV formation has been reported. Discussion and Conclusion Despite multiple approaches developed to reduce the likelihood of RCV formation, scientific uncertainty remains on the actual contribution of the measures and on limitations to test their effectiveness. In contrast, even though effectiveness of each individual measure is unclear, using multiple measures on different aspects of the system may create a solid barrier. Risk considerations identified in the current study can also be used to support risk group assignment of replicon constructs based on a purely synthetic design.
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Xiang H, Xu H, Tan B, Yi Q, Zhang X, Wang R, Chen T, Xie Q, Tian J, Zhu J. AKAP1 Regulates Mitochondrial Dynamics during the Fatty-Acid-Promoted Maturation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes as Indicated by Proteomics Sequencing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098112. [PMID: 37175819 PMCID: PMC10178876 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are cells with promising applications. However, their immaturity has restricted their use in cell therapy, disease modeling, and other studies. Therefore, the current study focused on inducing the maturation of CMs. We supplemented hiPSC-CMs with fatty acids (FAs) to promote their phenotypic maturity. Proteomic sequencing was performed to identify regulators critical for promoting the maturation of hiPSC-CMs. AKAP1 was found to be significantly increased in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs, and the results were verified. Therefore, we inhibited AKAP1 expression in the FA-treated cells and analyzed the outcomes. FA supplementation promoted the morphological and functional maturation of the hiPSC-CMs, which was accompanied by the development of a mitochondrial network. Proteomic analysis results revealed that AKAP1 expression was significantly higher in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs than in control cells. In addition, increased phosphorylation of the mitochondrial dynamin Drp1 and an increased mitochondrial fusion rate were found in FA-treated hiPSC-CMs. After AKAP1 was knocked down, the level of DRP1 phosphorylation in the cell was decreased, and the mitochondrial fusion rate was reduced. FA supplementation effectively promoted the maturation of hiPSC-CMs, and in these cells, AKAP1 regulated mitochondrial dynamics, possibly playing a significant role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Tangtian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Qiumin Xie
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jie Tian
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Department of Cardiovascular (Internal Medicine), Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Research Institute, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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Wang C, Liu J, Li W. 'Off the shelf' immunotherapies: Generation and application of pluripotent stem cell-derived immune cells. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13425. [PMID: 36855955 PMCID: PMC10068955 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, great strides have been made toward the development of immune cell-based therapies in the treatment of refractory malignancies. Primary T cells and NK cells armed with chimeric antigen receptors have achieved tremendous clinical success especially in patients with leukaemia and lymphoma. However, the autologous origin of these effector cells means that a single batch of laboriously engineered cells treats only a certain patient, leading to high cost, ununiform product quality, and risk of delay in treatment, and therefore results in restricted accessibility of these therapies to the overwhelming majority of the patients. Addressing these tricky obstacles calls for the development of universal immune cell products that can be provided 'off the shelf' in a large amount. Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), owing to their unique capacity of self-renewal and the potential of multi-lineage differentiation, offer an unlimited cell source to generate uniform and scalable engineered immune cells. This review discusses the major advances in the development of PSC-derived immune cell differentiation approaches and their therapeutic potential in treating both hematologic malignancies and solid tumours. We also consider the potency of PSC-derived immune cells as an alternative therapeutic strategy for other diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, fibrosis, infections, et al.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Bejing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Nakanishi A, Toyama S, Onozato D, Watanabe C, Hashita T, Iwao T, Matsunaga T. Effects of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal organoids on colitis-model mice. Regen Ther 2022; 21:351-361. [PMID: 36161099 PMCID: PMC9471335 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by repeated remissions and relapses. Immunosuppressive drugs have facilitated the induction and maintenance of remission in many patients with UC. However, immunosuppressive drugs cannot directly repair impaired intestinal mucosa and are insufficient for preventing relapse. Therefore, new treatment approaches to repair the damaged epithelium in UC have been attempted through the transplantation of intestinal organoids, which can be differentiated into mucosa by embedding in Matrigel, generated from patient-derived intestinal stem cells. The method, however, poses the challenge of yielding sufficient cells for UC therapy, and patient-derived cells might already have acquired pathological changes. In contrast, human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells generated from healthy individuals are infinitely proliferated and can be differentiated into target cells. Recently developed human iPS cell-derived intestinal organoids (HIOs) aim to generate organoids that closely resemble the adult intestine. However, no study till date has reported HIOs injected into in vivo inflammatory models, and it remains unclear whether HIOs with cells that closely resemble the adult intestine or with intestinal stem cells retain the better ability to repair tissue in colitis. Methods We generated two types of HIOs via suspension culture with and without small-molecule compounds: HIOs that include predominantly more intestinal stem cells [HIO (A)] and those that include predominantly more intestinal epithelial and secretory cells [HIO (B)]. We examined whether the generated HIOs engrafted in vivo and compared their ability to accelerate recovery of the damaged tissue. Results Findings showed that the HIOs expressed intestinal-specific markers such as caudal-type homeobox 2 (CDX2) and villin, and HIOs engrafted under the kidney capsules of mice. We then injected HIOs into colitis-model mice and found that the weight and clinical score of the mice injected with HIO (A) recovered earlier than that of the mice in the sham group. Further, the production of mucus and the expression of cell proliferation markers and tight junction proteins in the colon tissues of the HIO (A) group were restored to levels similar to those observed in healthy mice. However, neither HIO (A) nor HIO (B) could be engrafted into the colon. Conclusions Effective cell therapy should directly repair tissue by engraftment at the site of injury. However, the difference in organoid property impacting the rate of tissue repair in transplantation without engraftment observed in the current study should be considered a critical consideration in the development of regenerative medicine using iPS-derived organoids. Human iPS cell-derived intestinal organoids were generated via suspension culture. The effects of two types of intestinal organoids in vivo were compared. Intestinal organoids were engrafted under mouse kidney capsules. Intestinal organoids promoted mucosal healing in acute colitis-model mice. Organoids with a higher gene expression of intestinal stem cell had higher effects.
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Key Words
- 5-aza, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
- A-83-01, 3-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-N-phenyl-4-(4-quinolinyl)-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamide
- CDX2, caudal-type homeobox 2
- CHGA, chromogranin A
- Cell therapy
- DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- DAPT, N-[(3,5-difluorophenyl)acetyl]-L-alanyl-2-phenyl-1,1-dime-thylethyl ester-glycine
- DSS, dextran sodium sulfate
- FBS, fetal bovine serum
- HIO, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal organoid
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HPRT, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Human induced pluripotent stem cell
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Intestinal organoid
- LGR5, leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5
- MUC2, mucin 2
- NSG, NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIl2rgtm1Wjl/SzJ
- OLFM4, olfactomedin 4
- PBS, phosphate-buffered saline
- PD98059, 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)4-H-1-benzopyran-4-one
- SCID-Beige, CB17.Cg-PrkdcscidLystbg-J/CrlCrlj
- Suspension culture
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- Ulcerative colitis
- VIL1, villin 1
- Y-27632, (+)-(R)-trans-4-(1-amino-ethyl)-N-(4-pyridyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide dihydrochloride
- iPS, induced pluripotent stem
- qPCR, quantitative polymerase chain reaction
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nakanishi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Satoshi Toyama
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daichi Onozato
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Chihiro Watanabe
- Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Hashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Takahiro Iwao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tamihide Matsunaga
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.,Educational Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
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11
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Lu K, Hong Y, Tao M, Shen L, Zheng Z, Fang K, Yuan F, Xu M, Wang C, Zhu D, Guo X, Liu Y. Depressive patient-derived GABA interneurons reveal abnormal neural activity associated with HTR2C. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16364. [PMID: 36373384 PMCID: PMC9832822 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder with suicide behavior (sMDD) is a server mood disorder, bringing tremendous burden to family and society. Although reduced gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) level has been observed in postmortem tissues of sMDD patients, the molecular mechanism by which GABA levels are altered remains elusive. In this study, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from five sMDD patients and differentiated the iPSCs to GABAergic interneurons (GINs) and ventral forebrain organoids. sMDD GINs exhibited altered neuronal morphology and increased neural firing, as well as weakened calcium signaling propagation, compared with controls. Transcriptomic sequencing revealed that a decreased expression of serotoninergic receptor 2C (5-HT2C) may cause the defected neuronal activity in sMDD. Furthermore, targeting 5-HT2C receptor, using a small molecule agonist or genetic approach, restored neuronal activity deficits in sMDD GINs. Our findings provide a human cellular model for studying the molecular mechanisms and drug discoveries for sMDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqin Lu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuan Hong
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mengdan Tao
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Luping Shen
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhilong Zheng
- Department of NeurobiologyKey Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Kaiheng Fang
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fang Yuan
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Min Xu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Chun Wang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Dongya Zhu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xing Guo
- Department of NeurobiologyKey Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu ProvinceNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina,Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong UniversityJiangsuChina
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive MedicineSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
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12
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Connacher R, Williams M, Prem S, Yeung PL, Matteson P, Mehta M, Markov A, Peng C, Zhou X, McDermott CR, Pang ZP, Flax J, Brzustowicz L, Lu CW, Millonig JH, DiCicco-Bloom E. Autism NPCs from both idiopathic and CNV 16p11.2 deletion patients exhibit dysregulation of proliferation and mitogenic responses. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:1380-1394. [PMID: 35623351 PMCID: PMC9214070 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural precursor cell (NPC) dysfunction has been consistently implicated in autism. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived NPCs from two autism groups (three idiopathic [I-ASD] and two 16p11.2 deletion [16pDel]) were used to investigate if proliferation is commonly disrupted. All five individuals display defects, with all three macrocephalic individuals (two 16pDel, one I-ASD) exhibiting hyperproliferation and the other two I-ASD subjects displaying hypoproliferation. NPCs were challenged with bFGF, and all hyperproliferative NPCs displayed blunted responses, while responses were increased in hypoproliferative cells. mRNA expression studies suggest that different pathways can result in similar proliferation phenotypes. Since 16pDel deletes MAPK3, P-ERK was measured. P-ERK is decreased in hyperproliferative but increased in hypoproliferative NPCs. While these P-ERK changes are not responsible for the phenotypes, P-ERK and bFGF response are inversely correlated with the defects. Finally, we analyzed iPSCs and discovered that 16pDel displays hyperproliferation, while idiopathic iPSCs were normal. These data suggest that NPC proliferation defects are common in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Connacher
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Madeline Williams
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Smrithi Prem
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Percy L Yeung
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Paul Matteson
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Monal Mehta
- Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Anna Markov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Cynthia Peng
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Courtney R McDermott
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Zhiping P Pang
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Judy Flax
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | | | - Che-Wei Lu
- Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - James H Millonig
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
| | - Emanuel DiCicco-Bloom
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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13
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Li J, Feng X, Wei X. Modeling hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with human cardiomyocytes derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:232. [PMID: 35659761 PMCID: PMC9166443 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02905-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the obstacles in studying the pathogenesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the poor availability of myocardial tissue samples at the early stages of disease development. This has been addressed by the advent of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which allow us to differentiate patient-derived iPSCs into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) in vitro. In this review, we summarize different approaches to establishing iPSC models and the application of genome editing techniques in iPSC. Because iPSC-CMs cultured at the present stage are immature in structure and function, researchers have attempted several methods to mature iPSC-CMs, such as prolonged culture duration, and mechanical and electrical stimulation. Currently, many researchers have established iPSC-CM models of HCM and employed diverse methods for performing measurements of cellular morphology, contractility, electrophysiological property, calcium handling, mitochondrial function, and metabolism. Here, we review published results in humans to date within the growing field of iPSC-CM models of HCM. Although there is no unified consensus, preliminary results suggest that this approach to modeling disease would provide important insights into our understanding of HCM pathogenesis and facilitate drug development and safety testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Li
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xin Feng
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China.
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14
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Riaz M, Park J, Sewanan LR, Ren Y, Schwan J, Das SK, Pomianowski PT, Huang Y, Ellis MW, Luo J, Liu J, Song L, Chen IP, Qiu C, Yazawa M, Tellides G, Hwa J, Young LH, Yang L, Marboe CC, Jacoby DL, Campbell SG, Qyang Y. Muscle LIM Protein Force-Sensing Mediates Sarcomeric Biomechanical Signaling in Human Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Circulation 2022; 145:1238-1253. [PMID: 35384713 PMCID: PMC9109819 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.056265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited cardiac disease and is typically caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins that regulate cardiac contractility. HCM manifestations include left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure, arrythmias, and sudden cardiac death. How dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological remodeling remains poorly understood in HCM, thereby inhibiting the efficient development of new therapeutics. METHODS Our discovery was based on insights from a severe phenotype of an individual with HCM and a second genetic alteration in a sarcomeric mechanosensing protein. We derived cardiomyocytes from patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells and developed robust engineered heart tissues by seeding induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes into a laser-cut scaffold possessing native cardiac fiber alignment to study human cardiac mechanobiology at both the cellular and tissue levels. Coupled with computational modeling for muscle contraction and rescue of disease phenotype by gene editing and pharmacological interventions, we have identified a new mechanotransduction pathway in HCM, shown to be essential in modulating the phenotypic expression of HCM in 5 families bearing distinct sarcomeric mutations. RESULTS Enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation caused by sarcomeric mutations in cardiac myosin heavy chain (MYH7) led to increased force generation, which, when coupled with slower twitch relaxation, destabilized the MLP (muscle LIM protein) stretch-sensing complex at the Z-disc. Subsequent reduction in the sarcomeric muscle LIM protein level caused disinhibition of calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-cells signaling, which promoted cardiac hypertrophy. We demonstrate that the common muscle LIM protein-W4R variant is an important modifier, exacerbating the phenotypic expression of HCM, but alone may not be a disease-causing mutation. By mitigating enhanced actomyosin crossbridge formation through either genetic or pharmacological means, we alleviated stress at the Z-disc, preventing the development of hypertrophy associated with sarcomeric mutations. CONCLUSIONS Our studies have uncovered a novel biomechanical mechanism through which dysregulated sarcomeric force production is sensed and leads to pathological signaling, remodeling, and hypertrophic responses. Together, these establish the foundation for developing innovative mechanism-based treatments for HCM that stabilize the Z-disc MLP-mechanosensory complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Riaz
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lorenzo R. Sewanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yongming Ren
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Subhash K. Das
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Yan Huang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matthew W. Ellis
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Juli Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Loujin Song
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - I-Ping Chen
- Department of Oral Health and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Masayuki Yazawa
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lawrence H. Young
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Charles C. Marboe
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel L. Jacoby
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stuart G. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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15
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Yuasa S. Recent Technological Innovations to Promote Cardiovascular Research. Circ J 2022; 86:919-922. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-21-0978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine
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16
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Yuasa S, Yazawa M, Lee JK. Editorial: Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Disease Modeling and Drug Discovery: Can We Recapitulate Cardiovascular Disease on a Culture Dish? Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:831304. [PMID: 35174176 PMCID: PMC8841961 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.831304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Yuasa
- Department of Cardiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yazawa
- Department of Rehabilitation and Regenerative Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States.,Columbia Stem Cell Initiative, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City, NY, United States
| | - Jong-Kook Lee
- Department of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
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17
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Bailly A, Milhavet O, Lemaitre JM. RNA-Based Strategies for Cell Reprogramming toward Pluripotency. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:317. [PMID: 35214051 PMCID: PMC8876983 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy approaches to treat a wide range of pathologies have greatly benefited from cell reprogramming techniques that allow the conversion of a somatic cell into a pluripotent cell. Many technological developments have been made since the initial major discovery of this biological process. Recently reprogramming methods based on the use of RNA have emerged and seem very promising. Thus, in this review we will focus on presenting the interest of such methods for cell reprogramming but also how these RNA-based strategies can be extended to eventually lead to medical applications to improve healthspan and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaëlle Bailly
- IRMB, University Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- INGRAALYS, SA, IRMB, Incubator Cyborg, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Ollivier Milhavet
- IRMB, University Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France
- SAFE-iPSC Facility, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- IRMB, University Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France
- SAFE-iPSC Facility, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
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18
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Gurumoorthy N, Nordin F, Tye GJ, Wan Kamarul Zaman WS, Ng MH. Non-Integrating Lentiviral Vectors in Clinical Applications: A Glance Through. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10010107. [PMID: 35052787 PMCID: PMC8773317 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lentiviral vectors (LVs) play an important role in gene therapy and have proven successful in clinical trials. LVs are capable of integrating specific genetic materials into the target cells and allow for long-term expression of the cDNA of interest. The use of non-integrating LVs (NILVs) reduces insertional mutagenesis and the risk of malignant cell transformation over integrating lentiviral vectors. NILVs enable transient expression or sustained episomal expression, especially in non-dividing cells. Important modifications have been made to the basic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) structures to improve the safety and efficacy of LVs. NILV-aided transient expression has led to more pre-clinical studies on primary immunodeficiencies, cytotoxic cancer therapies, and hemoglobinopathies. Recently, the third generation of self-inactivating LVs was applied in clinical trials for recombinant protein production, vaccines, gene therapy, cell imaging, and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation. This review discusses the basic lentiviral biology and the four systems used for generating NILV designs. Mutations or modifications in LVs and their safety are addressed with reference to pre-clinical studies. The detailed application of NILVs in promising pre-clinical studies is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmatha Gurumoorthy
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.G.); (M.H.N.)
| | - Fazlina Nordin
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.G.); (M.H.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Gee Jun Tye
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 Gelugor, Malaysia;
| | | | - Min Hwei Ng
- Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (CTERM), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC), 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.G.); (M.H.N.)
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19
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Arslanova A, Shafaattalab S, Ye K, Asghari P, Lin L, Kim B, Roston TM, Hove-Madsen L, Van Petegem F, Sanatani S, Moore E, Lynn F, Søndergaard M, Luo Y, Chen SRW, Tibbits GF. Using hiPSC-CMs to Examine Mechanisms of Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia. Curr Protoc 2021; 1:e320. [PMID: 34958715 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a potentially lethal inherited cardiac arrhythmia condition, triggered by physical or acute emotional stress, that predominantly expresses early in life. Gain-of-function mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor gene (RYR2) account for the majority of CPVT cases, causing substantial disruption of intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) homeostasis particularly during the periods of β-adrenergic receptor stimulation. However, the highly variable penetrance, patient outcomes, and drug responses observed in clinical practice remain unexplained, even for patients with well-established founder RyR2 mutations. Therefore, investigation of the electrophysiological consequences of CPVT-causing RyR2 mutations is crucial to better understand the pathophysiology of the disease. The development of strategies for reprogramming human somatic cells to human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has provided a unique opportunity to study inherited arrhythmias, due to the ability of hiPSCs to differentiate down a cardiac lineage. Employment of genome editing enables generation of disease-specific cell lines from healthy and diseased patient-derived hiPSCs, which subsequently can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes. This paper describes the means for establishing an hiPSC-based model of CPVT in order to recapitulate the disease phenotype in vitro and investigate underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. The framework of this approach has the potential to contribute to disease modeling and personalized medicine using hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. © 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alia Arslanova
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sanam Shafaattalab
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kevin Ye
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Parisa Asghari
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Lisa Lin
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - BaRun Kim
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Thomas M Roston
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Heart Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leif Hove-Madsen
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, IIBB-CSIC, CIBERCV, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Filip Van Petegem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Shubhayan Sanatani
- British Columbia Children's Hospital Heart Center, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Edwin Moore
- Cardiac Rhythm and Contraction Group, IIBB-CSIC, CIBERCV, IIB Sant Pau, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francis Lynn
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Yonglun Luo
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - S R Wayne Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Libin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Departments of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.,School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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20
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Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell as a Disease Modeling and Drug Development Platform-A Cardiac Perspective. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123483. [PMID: 34943991 PMCID: PMC8699880 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the pathophysiology and cellular responses to drugs in human heart disease is limited by species differences between humans and experimental animals. In addition, isolation of human cardiomyocytes (CMs) is complicated because cells obtained by biopsy do not proliferate to provide sufficient numbers of cells for preclinical studies in vitro. Interestingly, the discovery of human-induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) has opened up the possibility of generating and studying heart disease in a culture dish. The combination of reprogramming and genome editing technologies to generate a broad spectrum of human heart diseases in vitro offers a great opportunity to elucidate gene function and mechanisms. However, to exploit the potential applications of hiPSC-derived-CMs for drug testing and studying adult-onset cardiac disease, a full functional characterization of maturation and metabolic traits is required. In this review, we focus on methods to reprogram somatic cells into hiPSC and the solutions for overcome immaturity of the hiPSC-derived-CMs to mimic the structure and physiological properties of the adult human CMs to accurately model disease and test drug safety. Finally, we discuss how to improve the culture, differentiation, and purification of CMs to obtain sufficient numbers of desired types of hiPSC-derived-CMs for disease modeling and drug development platform.
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21
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Netsrithong R, Wattanapanitch M. Advances in Adoptive Cell Therapy Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:759558. [PMID: 34650571 PMCID: PMC8505955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells holds impressive clinical outcomes especially in patients who are refractory to other kinds of therapy. However, many challenges hinder its clinical applications. For example, patients who undergo chemotherapy usually have an insufficient number of autologous T cells due to lymphopenia. Long-term ex vivo expansion can result in T cell exhaustion, which reduces the effector function. There is also a batch-to-batch variation during the manufacturing process, making it difficult to standardize and validate the cell products. In addition, the process is labor-intensive and costly. Generation of universal off-the-shelf CAR T cells, which can be broadly given to any patient, prepared in advance and ready to use, would be ideal and more cost-effective. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a renewable source of cells that can be genetically engineered and differentiated into immune cells with enhanced anti-tumor cytotoxicity. This review describes basic knowledge of T cell biology, applications in ACT, the use of iPSCs as a new source of T cells and current differentiation strategies used to generate T cells as well as recent advances in genome engineering to produce next-generation off-the-shelf T cells with improved effector functions. We also discuss challenges in the field and future perspectives toward the final universal off-the-shelf immunotherapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchapong Netsrithong
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Methichit Wattanapanitch
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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22
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Sewanan LR, Park J, Rynkiewicz MJ, Racca AW, Papoutsidakis N, Schwan J, Jacoby DL, Moore JR, Lehman W, Qyang Y, Campbell SG. Loss of crossbridge inhibition drives pathological cardiac hypertrophy in patients harboring the TPM1 E192K mutation. J Gen Physiol 2021; 153:212516. [PMID: 34319370 PMCID: PMC8321830 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202012640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited disorder caused primarily by mutations to thick and thinfilament proteins. Although thin filament mutations are less prevalent than their oft-studied thick filament counterparts, they are frequently associated with severe patient phenotypes and can offer important insight into fundamental disease mechanisms. We have performed a detailed study of tropomyosin (TPM1) E192K, a variant of uncertain significance associated with HCM. Molecular dynamics revealed that E192K results in a more flexible TPM1 molecule, which could affect its ability to regulate crossbridges. In vitro motility assays of regulated actin filaments containing TPM1 E192K showed an overall loss of Ca2+ sensitivity. To understand these effects, we used multiscale computational models that suggested a subtle phenotype in which E192K leads to an inability to completely inhibit actin-myosin crossbridge activity at low Ca2+. To assess the physiological impact of the mutation, we generated patient-derived engineered heart tissues expressing E192K. These tissues showed disease features similar to those of the patients, including cellular hypertrophy, hypercontractility, and diastolic dysfunction. We hypothesized that excess residual crossbridge activity could be triggering cellular hypertrophy, even if the overall Ca2+ sensitivity was reduced by E192K. To test this hypothesis, the cardiac myosin-specific inhibitor mavacamten was applied to patient-derived engineered heart tissues for 4 d followed by 24 h of washout. Chronic mavacamten treatment abolished contractile differences between control and TPM1 E192K engineered heart tissues and reversed hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes. These results suggest that the TPM1 E192K mutation triggers cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by permitting excess residual crossbridge activity. These studies also provide direct evidence that myosin inhibition by mavacamten can counteract the hypertrophic effects of mutant tropomyosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo R Sewanan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Jinkyu Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Michael J Rynkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Alice W Racca
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - Nikolaos Papoutsidakis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jonas Schwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Daniel L Jacoby
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jeffrey R Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA
| | - William Lehman
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Pathology, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Stuart G Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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23
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Ito T, Kawai Y, Yasui Y, Iriguchi S, Minagawa A, Ishii T, Miyoshi H, Taketo MM, Kawada K, Obama K, Sakai Y, Kaneko S. The therapeutic potential of multiclonal tumoricidal T cells derived from tumor infiltrating lymphocyte-1derived iPS cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:694. [PMID: 34099861 PMCID: PMC8184746 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02195-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), which include tumor-specific T lymphocytes with frequency, are used for adoptive cell transfer therapy (ACT) in clinical practice. The optimization of TIL preparation has been investigated to reduce the senescence and increase the abundance of TIL, as both the quality and quantity of the transferred cells have great influence on the outcome of TIL-based ACT (TIL-ACT). Considering the effects of cell reprogramming on senescence, we expected that the anti-tumor effect could be enhanced by TIL regeneration. To confirm this hypothesis, we established tumor-specific TIL-derived iPS cells (TIL-iPSC) with human colorectal cancer specimens. T cells differentiated from TIL-iPSC (TIL-iPS-T) retained not only intrinsic T cell functions and tumor specificity, but also exhibited improved proliferation capacity and additional killing activity. Moreover, less differentiated profiles and prolonged persistency were seen in TIL-iPS-T compared with primary cells. Our findings imply that iPSC technology has great potential for TIL-ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ito
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawai
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Thyas Co. Ltd., Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoichi Iriguchi
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Atsutaka Minagawa
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishii
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Mark Taketo
- Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science (iACT), Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Kawada
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Obama
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Sakai
- Osaka Red Cross Hospital, Fudegasaki-cho, Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
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24
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Fischbacher B, Hedaya S, Hartley BJ, Wang Z, Lallos G, Hutson D, Zimmer M, Brammer J, Paull D. Modular deep learning enables automated identification of monoclonal cell lines. NAT MACH INTELL 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s42256-021-00354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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25
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Brady MV, Vaccarino FM. Role of SHH in Patterning Human Pluripotent Cells towards Ventral Forebrain Fates. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040914. [PMID: 33923415 PMCID: PMC8073580 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexities of human neurodevelopment have historically been challenging to decipher but continue to be of great interest in the contexts of healthy neurobiology and disease. The classic animal models and monolayer in vitro systems have limited the types of questions scientists can strive to answer in addition to the technical ability to answer them. However, the tridimensional human stem cell-derived organoid system provides the unique opportunity to model human development and mimic the diverse cellular composition of human organs. This strategy is adaptable and malleable, and these neural organoids possess the morphogenic sensitivity to be patterned in various ways to generate the different regions of the human brain. Furthermore, recapitulating human development provides a platform for disease modeling. One master regulator of human neurodevelopment in many regions of the human brain is sonic hedgehog (SHH), whose expression gradient and pathway activation are responsible for conferring ventral identity and shaping cellular phenotypes throughout the neural axis. This review first discusses the benefits, challenges, and limitations of using organoids for studying human neurodevelopment and disease, comparing advantages and disadvantages with other in vivo and in vitro model systems. Next, we explore the range of control that SHH exhibits on human neurodevelopment, and the application of SHH to various stem cell methodologies, including organoids, to expand our understanding of human development and disease. We outline how this strategy will eventually bring us much closer to uncovering the intricacies of human neurodevelopment and biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flora M. Vaccarino
- Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Yale Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Correspondence:
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26
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Kimura K, Tsukamoto M, Tanaka M, Kuwamura M, Ohtaka M, Nishimura K, Nakanishi M, Sugiura K, Hatoya S. Efficient Reprogramming of Canine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:79-90. [PMID: 33256572 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2020.0084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Forced coexpression of the transcription factors Oct3/4, Klf4, Sox2, and c-Myc reprograms somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells (PSCs). Such induced PSCs (iPSCs) can generate any cell type of the adult body or indefinitely proliferate without losing their potential. Accordingly, iPSCs can serve as an unlimited cell source for the development of various disease models and regenerative therapies for animals and humans. Although canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can be easily obtained, they have a very low iPSC reprogramming efficiency. In this study, we determined the reprogramming efficiency of canine PBMCs under several conditions involving three types of media supplemented with small-molecule compounds. We found that canine iPSCs (ciPSCs) could be efficiently generated from PBMCs using N2B27 medium supplemented with leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and a small-molecule cocktail (Y-27632, PD0325901, CHIR99021, A-83-01, Forskolin, and l-ascorbic acid). We generated five ciPSC lines that could be maintained in StemFit® medium supplemented with LIF. The SeVdp(KOSM)302L vectors were appropriately silenced in four ciPSC lines. Of the two lines characterized, both were positive for alkaline phosphatase activity and expressed pluripotency markers, including the Oct3/4, Sox2, and Nanog transcripts, as well as the octamer-binding transcription factor (OCT) 3/4 and NANOG proteins, and the SSEA-1 carbohydrate antigen. The ciPSCs could form embryoid bodies and differentiate into the three germ layers, as indicated by marker gene and protein expression. Furthermore, one ciPSC line formed teratomas comprising several tissues from every germ layer. Our ciPSC lines maintained a normal karyotype even after multiple passages. Moreover, our new reprogramming method was able to generate ciPSCs from multiple donor PBMCs. In conclusion, we developed an easy and efficient strategy for the generation of footprint-free ciPSCs from PBMCs. We believe that this strategy can be useful for disease modeling and regenerative medicine in the veterinary field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuto Kimura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsukamoto
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miyuu Tanaka
- Department of Integrated Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kuwamura
- Department of Integrated Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Ken Nishimura
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- TOKIWA-Bio, Inc., Tsukuba, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kikuya Sugiura
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatoya
- Department of Advanced Pathobiology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
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27
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Umbilical Cord Tissue as a Source of Young Cells for the Derivation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Non-Integrating Episomal Vectors and Feeder-Free Conditions. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010049. [PMID: 33396312 PMCID: PMC7824218 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) needs to balance the use of an autologous source that would be a perfect match for the patient against any safety or efficacy issues that might arise with using cells from an older patient or donor. Drs. Takahashi and Yamanaka and the Office of Cellular and Tissue-based Products (PMDA), Japan, have had concerns over the existence of accumulated DNA mutations in the cells of older donors and the possibility of long-term negative effects. To mitigate the risk, they have chosen to partner with the Umbilical Cord (UC) banks in Japan to source allogeneic-matched donor cells. Production of iPSCs from UC blood cells (UCB) has been successful; however, reprogramming blood cells requires cell enrichment with columns or flow cytometry and specialized growth media. These requirements add to the cost of production and increase the manipulation of the cells, which complicates the regulatory approval process. Alternatively, umbilical cord tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (CT-MSCs) have the same advantage as UCB cells of being a source of young donor cells. Crucially, CT-MSCs are easier and less expensive to harvest and grow compared to UCB cells. Here, we demonstrate that CT-MSCs can be easily isolated without expensive enzymatic treatment or columns and reprogramed well using episomal vectors, which allow for the removal of the reprogramming factors after a few passages. Together the data indicates that CT-MSCs are a viable source of donor cells for the production of clinical-grade, patient matched iPSCs.
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28
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Zhu S, Law AHY, Deng R, Poon ENY, Lo CW, Kwong AKY, Liang R, Chan KYK, Wong WL, Tan-Un KC, Pijnappel WWMP, Chan GCF, Chan SHS. Generation of genomic-integration-free human induced pluripotent stem cells and the derived cardiomyocytes of X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy from DMD gene mutation. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102040. [PMID: 33099108 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We derived an integration-free induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a 23-year-old male patient. This patient carries a 5' splice site point mutation in intron 1 (c.31+1G>A) of the dystrophin gene, a mutation associated with X-linked dilated cardiomyopathy (XLDCM). Sendai virus was used to reprogram the PBMCs and deliver OCT3/4, SOX2, c-MYC, and KLF4 factors. The iPSC line (HKUi002-A) generated preserved the mutation, expressed common pluripotency markers, differentiated into three germ layers in vivo, and exhibited a normal karyotype. Further differentiation into cardiomyocytes enables the study of the disease mechanisms of XLDCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Anna Hing Yee Law
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Ruixia Deng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Ellen Ngar Yun Poon
- Centre for Cardiovascular Genomics and Medicine, Lui Che Woo Institute of Innovative Medicine, Hong Kong, HKSAR; Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence (HK HOPE), Hong Kong, HKSAR; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Chun Wai Lo
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Anna Ka Yee Kwong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Kelvin Yuen Kwong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR; Prenatal Diagnostic Laboratory, Tsan Yuk Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Wai Lap Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Kian Cheng Tan-Un
- School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - W W M Pim Pijnappel
- Clinical Genetics and Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University, Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Godfrey Chi Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
| | - Sophelia Hoi Shan Chan
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, HKSAR.
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29
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Honda T, Ando M, Ando J, Ishii M, Sakiyama Y, Ohara K, Toyota T, Ohtaka M, Masuda A, Terao Y, Nakanishi M, Nakauchi H, Komatsu N. Sustainable Tumor-Suppressive Effect of iPSC-Derived Rejuvenated T Cells Targeting Cervical Cancers. Mol Ther 2020; 28:2394-2405. [PMID: 32710827 PMCID: PMC7646217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy utilizing induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has great potential. Functionally rejuvenated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can survive long-term as young memory T cells in vivo, with continuous tumor eradication. Banking of iPSCs as an unlimited “off-the-shelf” source of therapeutic T cells may be feasible. To generate safer iPSCs, we reprogrammed human papilloma virus type 16 (HPV16) E6-specific CTLs by Sendai virus vector without cotransduction of SV40 large T antigen. The iPSCs efficiently differentiated into HPV16-specific rejuvenated CTLs that demonstrated robust cytotoxicity against cervical cancer. The tumor-suppressive effect of rejuvenated CTLs was stronger and more persistent than that of original peripheral blood CTLs. These rejuvenated HPV16-specific CTLs provide a sustained tumor-suppressive effect even for epithelial cancers and constitute promising immunotherapy for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Honda
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Miki Ando
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Jun Ando
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Midori Ishii
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yumi Sakiyama
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Kazuo Ohara
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Tokuko Toyota
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Manami Ohtaka
- TOKIWA-Bio, Inc., Tsukuba Center Inc. (TCI), Building G, 2-1-6 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Ayako Masuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Terao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- TOKIWA-Bio, Inc., Tsukuba Center Inc. (TCI), Building G, 2-1-6 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Division of Stem Cell Therapy, Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 265 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Norio Komatsu
- Department of Hematology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
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30
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Christidi E, Huang H, Shafaattalab S, Maillet A, Lin E, Huang K, Laksman Z, Davis MK, Tibbits GF, Brunham LR. Variation in RARG increases susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in patient specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10363. [PMID: 32587261 PMCID: PMC7316788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a potent anticancer drug used to treat a variety of cancer types. However, its use is limited by doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). A missense variant in the RARG gene (S427L; rs2229774) has been implicated in susceptibility to DIC in a genome wide association study. The goal of this study was to investigate the functional role of this RARG variant in DIC. We used induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) from patients treated with doxorubicin. iPSC-CMs from individuals who experienced DIC (cases) showed significantly greater sensitivity to doxorubicin compared to iPSC-CMs from doxorubicin-treated individuals who did not develop DIC (controls) in cell viability and optical mapping experiments. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we generated isogenic cell lines that differed only at the RARG locus. Genetic correction of RARG-S427L to wild type resulted in reduced doxorubicin-induced double stranded DNA breaks, reactive oxygen species production, and cell death. Conversely, introduction of RARG-S427L increased susceptibility to doxorubicin. Finally, genetic disruption of the RARG gene resulted in protection from cell death due to doxorubicin treatment. Our findings suggest that the presence of RARG-S427L increases sensitivity to DIC, establishing a direct, causal role for this variant in DIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Effimia Christidi
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Haojun Huang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Sanam Shafaattalab
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | - Eric Lin
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
| | - Kate Huang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Zachary Laksman
- Heart Rhythm Services, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Margot K Davis
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Glen F Tibbits
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, Canada
- Department of Cardiovascular Science, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Liam R Brunham
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
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31
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Mehler VJ, Burns CJ, Stauss H, Francis RJ, Moore ML. Human iPSC-Derived Neural Crest Stem Cells Exhibit Low Immunogenicity. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2020; 16:161-171. [PMID: 32055644 PMCID: PMC7005462 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent clinical trials are evaluating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) as a cellular therapy in the field of regenerative medicine. The widespread clinical utility of iPSCs is expected to be realized using allogeneic cells that have undergone thorough safety evaluations, including assessment of their immunogenicity. IPSC-derived neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) have significant potential in regenerative medicine; however, their application in cellular therapy has not been widely studied to date, and no reports on their potential immunogenicity have been published so far. In this study, we have assessed the expression of immune-related antigens in iPSC-NCSCs, including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II and co-stimulatory molecules. To investigate functional immunogenicity, we used iPSC-NCSCs as stimulator cells in a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction. In these experiments, iPSC-NCSCs did not stimulate detectable proliferation of CD3+ and CD3+CD8+ T cells or induce cytokine production. We show that this was not a result of any immunosuppressive features of iPSC-NCSCs, but rather more consistent with their non-immunogenic molecular phenotype. These results are encouraging for the potential future use of iPSC-NCSCs as a cellular therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera J Mehler
- Endocrinology Section, Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, UK.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Chris J Burns
- Endocrinology Section, Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Hans Stauss
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Robert J Francis
- Biological Imaging Group, Analytical and Biological Sciences, NIBSC, Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, UK
| | - Melanie L Moore
- Endocrinology Section, Biotherapeutics, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control (NIBSC), Blanche Lane, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, UK
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32
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Generation of four induced pluripotent stem cell lines, GZWWTi001-A, GZWTZi001-A, GZWXYi001-A, and GZWXDi001-A, derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a family with asparagine synthetase deficiency. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101583. [PMID: 31698190 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) deficiency (ASNSD; MIM #615574) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutations in the ASNS gene. The ASNS gene maps to cytogenetic band 7q21.3 and is 35 kb long. ASNSD is characterised by congenital microcephaly, severely delayed psychomotor development, seizures, and hyperekplexic activity. Here, we reported a family with compound heterozygous mutations in ASNS (NM_001178076:c.551C>T; c. 944A>C) and established induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from blood samples. To date, limited functional data have been reported to explain the underlying pathophysiology of ASNSD; therefore, iPSCs from these patients may be powerful tools for studying disease mechanisms.
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33
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Hiramoto T, Tahara M, Liao J, Soda Y, Miura Y, Kurita R, Hamana H, Inoue K, Kohara H, Miyamoto S, Hijikata Y, Okano S, Yamaguchi Y, Oda Y, Ichiyanagi K, Toh H, Sasaki H, Kishi H, Ryo A, Muraguchi A, Takeda M, Tani K. Non-transmissible MV Vector with Segmented RNA Genome Establishes Different Types of iPSCs from Hematopoietic Cells. Mol Ther 2019; 28:129-141. [PMID: 31677955 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in gene therapy technologies have enabled the treatment of congenital disorders and cancers and facilitated the development of innovative methods, including induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) production and genome editing. We recently developed a novel non-transmissible and non-integrating measles virus (MV) vector capable of transferring multiple genes simultaneously into a wide range of cells through the CD46 and CD150 receptors. The MV vector expresses four genes for iPSC generation and the GFP gene for a period of time sufficient to establish iPSCs from human fibroblasts as well as peripheral blood T cells. The transgenes were expressed differentially depending on their gene order in the vector. Human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells were directly and efficiently reprogrammed to naive-like cells that could proliferate and differentiate into primed iPSCs by the same method used to establish primed iPSCs from other cell types. The novel MV vector has several advantages for establishing iPSCs and potential future applications in gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Hiramoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Maino Tahara
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan
| | - Jiyuan Liao
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yasushi Soda
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yoshie Miura
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurita
- Central Blood Institute (Blood Service Headquarters), Japanese Red Cross Society, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hamana
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kota Inoue
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kohara
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shohei Miyamoto
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Yasuki Hijikata
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shinji Okano
- Section of Pathology, Department of Morphological Biology, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kenji Ichiyanagi
- Laboratory of Genome and Epigenome Dynamics, Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Toh
- Division of Epigenetics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sasaki
- Division of Epigenetics and Development, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kishi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akihide Ryo
- Department of Microbiology, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa 236-0004, Japan
| | - Atsushi Muraguchi
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Takeda
- Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
| | - Kenzaburo Tani
- Project Division of ALA Advanced Medical Research, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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34
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Wiegand C, Banerjee I. Recent advances in the applications of iPSC technology. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 60:250-258. [PMID: 31386977 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pluripotent stems cells (PSCs) can be expanded indefinitely and differentiated into almost any organ-specific cell type. This has enabled the generation of disease relevant tissues from patients in scalable quantities. iPSC-derived organs and organoids are currently being evaluated both in regenerative therapy which are proceeding towards clinical trials, and for disease modeling, which are facilitating drug screening efforts for discovery of novel therapeutics. Here we will review the current efforts and advances in iPSC technology and its subsequent applications and provide a brief commentary on future outlook of this promising technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Wiegand
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Ipsita Banerjee
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, United States.
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35
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Parrotta EI, Scalise S, Taverna D, De Angelis MT, Sarro G, Gaspari M, Santamaria G, Cuda G. Comprehensive proteogenomic analysis of human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:5440-5453. [PMID: 31237115 PMCID: PMC6653499 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the concepts of somatic cell reprogramming and human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) generation have undergone several analyses to validate the usefulness of these cells in research and clinic, it remains still controversial whether the hiPSCs are equivalent to human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), pointing to the need of further characterization for a more comprehensive understanding of pluripotency. Most of the experimental evidence comes from the transcriptome analysis, while a little is available on protein data, and even less is known about the post‐translational modifications. Here, we report a combined strategy of mass spectrometry and gene expression profiling for proteogenomic analysis of reprogrammed and embryonic stem cells. The data obtained through this integrated, multi‐“omics” approach indicate that a small, but still significant, number of distinct pathways is enriched in reprogrammed versus embryonic stem cells, supporting the view that pluripotency is an extremely complex, multifaceted phenomenon, with peculiarities that are characteristic of each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Immacolata Parrotta
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefania Scalise
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Domenico Taverna
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa De Angelis
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Sarro
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Research Center for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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36
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Yuan Y, Park J, Tian Y, Choi J, Pasquariello R, Alexenko AP, Dai A, Behura SK, Roberts RM, Ezashi T. A six-inhibitor culture medium for improving naïve-type pluripotency of porcine pluripotent stem cells. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:104. [PMID: 31240131 PMCID: PMC6579764 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding essential signaling network requirements and making appropriate adjustments in culture conditions are crucial if porcine pluripotent stem cells (PSC) are to achieve their full potential. Here, we first used two protein factors (LIF and FGF2) and kinase inhibitor combinations in attempts to convert primed type lentiviral-reprogrammed porcine induced PSC (Lv-piPSC) into naïve-like state and developed a medium called FL6i. In addition to FGF2 and LIF, this medium contained inhibitors of MAPK14, MAPK8, TGFB1, MAP2K1, GSK3A and BMP. Crucially, the usual TGFB1 and BMP4 protein components of many stem cell media were replaced in FL6i with inhibitors of TGFB1 and BMP. With this medium, Lv-piPSC were readily transformed from their original primed state into cells that formed colonies with typical features of naïve-state stem cells. The FL6i medium also assisted generation of naïve-type piPSC lines from porcine embryonic fibroblasts with non-integrating episomal plasmids (Epi-piPSC). These lines, despite retaining variable amounts of vector DNA, expressed higher endogenous pPOU5F1 and pSOX2 than Lv-piPSC. They have been cultured without obvious morphological change for >45 passages and retained pluripotent phenotypes in terms of upregulation of genes associated with pluripotency, low expression of genes linked to emergence of somatic cell lineages, and ability to generate well differentiated teratomas in immune-compromised mice. FL6i conditions, therefore, appear to support elevated pluripotent phenotypes. However, FL6i was less able to support the generation of embryonic stem cells from porcine blastocysts. Although colonies with dome-shaped morphologies were evident and the cells had some gene expression features linked to pluripotency, the phenotypes were ultimately not stable. Pathway analysis derived from RNAseq data performed on the various cell lines generated in this study suggest the benefits of employing the FL6i medium on porcine cells reside in its ability to minimize TGFB1 and BMP signaling, which would otherwise de-stabilize the stem cell state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yuan
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,3Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA
| | - Jinkyu Park
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,4Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510 USA
| | - Yuchen Tian
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Jungmin Choi
- 5Laboratory of Human Genetics and Genomics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065 USA
| | - Rolando Pasquariello
- 3Colorado Center for Reproductive Medicine, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA.,6Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences-Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Milano, 20133 Italy
| | - Andrei P Alexenko
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Aihua Dai
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Susanta K Behura
- 2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - R Michael Roberts
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
| | - Toshihiko Ezashi
- 1Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.,2Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA
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37
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Elitt MS, Barbar L, Tesar PJ. Drug screening for human genetic diseases using iPSC models. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:R89-R98. [PMID: 29771306 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) enable the generation of previously unattainable, scalable quantities of disease-relevant tissues from patients suffering from essentially any genetic disorder. This cellular material has proven instrumental for drug screening efforts on these disorders, and has facilitated the identification of novel therapeutics for patients. Here we will review the foundational technologies that have enabled iPSCs, the power and limitations of iPSC-based compound screens along with screening guidelines, and recent examples of screening efforts. Additionally we will provide a brief commentary on the future scientific roadmap using pluripotent- and 3D organoid-based, combinatorial approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S Elitt
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lilianne Barbar
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paul J Tesar
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
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38
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Pereira IM, Marote A, Salgado AJ, Silva NA. Filling the Gap: Neural Stem Cells as A Promising Therapy for Spinal Cord Injury. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020065. [PMID: 31035689 PMCID: PMC6631328 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to severe motor, sensory and social impairments having a huge impact on patients’ lives. The complex and time-dependent SCI pathophysiology has been hampering the development of novel and effective therapies. Current treatment options include surgical interventions, to stabilize and decompress the spinal cord, and rehabilitative care, without providing a cure for these patients. Novel therapies have been developed targeting different stages during trauma. Among them, cell-based therapies hold great potential for tissue regeneration after injury. Neural stem cells (NSCs), which are multipotent cells with inherent differentiation capabilities committed to the neuronal lineage, are especially relevant to promote and reestablish the damaged neuronal spinal tracts. Several studies demonstrate the regenerative effects of NSCs in SCI after transplantation by providing neurotrophic support and restoring synaptic connectivity. Therefore, human clinical trials have already been launched to assess safety in SCI patients. Here, we review NSC-based experimental studies in a SCI context and how are they currently being translated into human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M Pereira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Ana Marote
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Nuno A Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Laugsch M, Bartusel M, Rehimi R, Alirzayeva H, Karaolidou A, Crispatzu G, Zentis P, Nikolic M, Bleckwehl T, Kolovos P, van Ijcken WFJ, Šarić T, Koehler K, Frommolt P, Lachlan K, Baptista J, Rada-Iglesias A. Modeling the Pathological Long-Range Regulatory Effects of Human Structural Variation with Patient-Specific hiPSCs. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:736-752.e12. [PMID: 30982769 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The pathological consequences of structural variants disrupting 3D genome organization can be difficult to elucidate in vivo due to differences in gene dosage sensitivity between mice and humans. This is illustrated by branchiooculofacial syndrome (BOFS), a rare congenital disorder caused by heterozygous mutations within TFAP2A, a neural crest regulator for which humans, but not mice, are haploinsufficient. Here, we present a BOFS patient carrying a heterozygous inversion with one breakpoint located within a topologically associating domain (TAD) containing enhancers essential for TFAP2A expression in human neural crest cells (hNCCs). Using patient-specific hiPSCs, we show that, although the inversion shuffles the TFAP2A hNCC enhancers with novel genes within the same TAD, this does not result in enhancer adoption. Instead, the inversion disconnects one TFAP2A allele from its cognate enhancers, leading to monoallelic and haploinsufficient TFAP2A expression in patient hNCCs. Our work illustrates the power of hiPSC differentiation to unveil long-range pathomechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Laugsch
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, CMMC, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michaela Bartusel
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Rizwan Rehimi
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hafiza Alirzayeva
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Agathi Karaolidou
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Giuliano Crispatzu
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Zentis
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Milos Nikolic
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tore Bleckwehl
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Petros Kolovos
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tomo Šarić
- Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katrin Koehler
- Department of Pediatrics, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Frommolt
- Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Katherine Lachlan
- Human Genetics & Genomic Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK; Clinical Genetics Service, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Princess Anne Hospital, Southampton, UK
| | - Julia Baptista
- Molecular Genetics Department, Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK; Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK.
| | - Alvaro Rada-Iglesias
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology of Cantabria (IBBTEC), University of Cantabria, Cantabria, Spain.
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Okada H, Nakanishi C, Yoshida S, Shimojima M, Yokawa J, Mori M, Tada H, Yoshimuta T, Hayashi K, Yamano T, Hanayama R, Yamagishi M, Kawashiri MA. Function and Immunogenicity of Gene-corrected iPSC-derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells in Restoring Low Density Lipoprotein Uptake in Homozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4695. [PMID: 30886174 PMCID: PMC6423040 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41056-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene correction of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has therapeutic potential for treating homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) associated with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) dysfunction. However, few data exist regarding the functional recovery and immunogenicity of LDLR gene-corrected iPSC-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) obtained from an HoFH patient. Therefore, we generated iPSC-derived HLCs from an HoFH patient harbouring a point mutation (NM_000527.4:c.901 G > T) in exon 6 of LDLR, and examined their function and immunogenicity. From the patient’s iPSCs, one homozygous gene-corrected HoFH-iPSC clone and two heterozygous clones were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 method. Both types of iPSC-derived HLCs showed recovery of the function of LDL uptake in immunofluorescence staining analysis. Furthermore, these gene-corrected iPSC-derived HLCs showed little immunogenicity against the patient’s peripheral blood mononuclear cells in a cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay. These results demonstrate that LDL uptake of iPSC-derived HLCs from HoFH can be restored by gene correction without the appearance of further immunogenicity, suggesting that gene-corrected iPSC-derived HLCs are applicable to the treatment of HoFH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirofumi Okada
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Chiaki Nakanishi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Shohei Yoshida
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Masaya Shimojima
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Masayuki Mori
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Hayato Tada
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Yoshimuta
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kenshi Hayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoyoshi Yamano
- Department of Immunology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Rikinari Hanayama
- Department of Immunology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masakazu Yamagishi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan. .,Department of Human Sciences, Osaka University of Human Sciences, 1-12-13 Shoya, Settsu, Osaka, 566-8501, Japan.
| | - Masa-Aki Kawashiri
- Department of Cardiovascular and Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Takara-machi 13-1, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
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Development of a transplant injection device for optimal distribution and retention of human induced pluripotent stem cell‒derived cardiomyocytes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019; 38:203-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Dolatshad H, Tatwavedi D, Ahmed D, Tegethoff JF, Boultwood J, Pellagatti A. Application of induced pluripotent stem cell technology for the investigation of hematological disorders. Adv Biol Regul 2019; 71:19-33. [PMID: 30341008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were first described over a decade ago and are currently used in various basic biology and clinical research fields. Recent advances in the field of human iPSCs have opened the way to a better understanding of the biology of human diseases. Disease-specific iPSCs provide an unparalleled opportunity to establish novel human cell-based disease models, with the potential to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human malignancies, and to accelerate the identification of effective new drugs. When combined with genome editing technologies, iPSCs represent a new approach to study single or multiple disease-causing mutations and model specific diseases in vitro. In addition, genetically corrected patient-specific iPSCs could potentially be used for stem cell based therapy. Furthermore, the reprogrammed cells share patient-specific genetic background, offering a new platform to develop personalized therapy/medicine for patients. In this review we discuss the recent advances in iPSC research technology and their potential applications in hematological diseases. Somatic cell reprogramming has presented new routes for generating patient-derived iPSCs, which can be differentiated to hematopoietic stem cells and the various downstream hematopoietic lineages. iPSC technology shows promise in the modeling of both inherited and acquired hematological disorders. A direct reprogramming and differentiation strategy is able to recapitulate hematological disorder progression and capture the earliest molecular alterations that underlie the initiation of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Dolatshad
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Dharamveer Tatwavedi
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Doaa Ahmed
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK; Clinical Pathology Department, Assiut University Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Jana F Tegethoff
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Jacqueline Boultwood
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrea Pellagatti
- Bloodwise Molecular Haematology Unit, Nuffield Division of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, and Oxford BRC Haematology Theme, Oxford, UK.
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van Mil A, Balk GM, Neef K, Buikema JW, Asselbergs FW, Wu SM, Doevendans PA, Sluijter JPG. Modelling inherited cardiac disease using human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes: progress, pitfalls, and potential. Cardiovasc Res 2018; 114:1828-1842. [PMID: 30169602 PMCID: PMC6887927 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past few years, the use of specific cell types derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) has developed into a powerful approach to investigate the cellular pathophysiology of numerous diseases. Despite advances in therapy, heart disease continues to be one of the leading causes of death in the developed world. A major difficulty in unravelling the underlying cellular processes of heart disease is the extremely limited availability of viable human cardiac cells reflecting the pathological phenotype of the disease at various stages. Thus, the development of methods for directed differentiation of iPSCs to cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) has provided an intriguing option for the generation of patient-specific cardiac cells. In this review, a comprehensive overview of the currently published iPSC-CM models for hereditary heart disease is compiled and analysed. Besides the major findings of individual studies, detailed methodological information on iPSC generation, iPSC-CM differentiation, characterization, and maturation is included. Both, current advances in the field and challenges yet to overcome emphasize the potential of using patient-derived cell models to mimic genetic cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain van Mil
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Internal Mail No G03.550, GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geerthe Margriet Balk
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Internal Mail No G03.550, GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Klaus Neef
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Internal Mail No G03.550, GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Willem Buikema
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, UK
- Durrer Center for Cardiovascular Research, Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sean M Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Internal Mail No G03.550, GA Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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44
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Studying and modulating schizophrenia-associated dysfunctions of oligodendrocytes with patient-specific cell systems. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2018; 4:23. [PMID: 30451850 PMCID: PMC6242875 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-018-0066-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Postmortem studies in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) have revealed deficits in myelination, abnormalities in myelin gene expression and altered numbers of oligodendrocytes in the brain. However, gaining mechanistic insight into oligodendrocyte (OL) dysfunction and its contribution to SCZ has been challenging because of technical hurdles. The advent of individual patient-derived human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), combined with the generation of in principle any neuronal and glial cell type, including OLs and oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), holds great potential for understanding the molecular basis of the aetiopathogenesis of genetically complex psychiatric diseases such as SCZ and could pave the way towards personalized medicine. The development of neuronal and glial co-culture systems now appears to enable the in vitro study of SCZ-relevant neurobiological endophenotypes, including OL dysfunction and myelination, with unprecedented construct validity. Nonetheless, the meaningful stratification of patients before the subsequent functional analyses of patient-derived cell systems still represents an important bottleneck. Here, to improve the predictive power of ex vivo disease modelling we propose using hiPSC technology to focus on representatives of patient subgroups stratified for genomic and/or phenomic features and neurobiological cell systems. Therefore, this review will outline the evidence for the involvement of OPCs/OLs in SCZ in the context of their proposed functions, including myelination and axon support, the implications for hiPSC-based cellular disease modelling and potential strategies for patient selection.
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Cota-Coronado A, Ramírez-Rodríguez PB, Padilla-Camberos E, Díaz ÉNF, Flores-Fernández JM, Ávila-Gónzalez D, Diaz-Martinez NE. Implications of human induced pluripotent stem cells in metabolic disorders: from drug discovery toward precision medicine. Drug Discov Today 2018; 24:334-341. [PMID: 30292915 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) enable in vitro high-throughput pharmacological screening assays of diseased tissue. Together with recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS), hiPSCs enable the identification of key mutations for the development of effective treatments based on precise drugs. In concert with CRISPR/Cas9 systems, hiPSC technology can reveal therapeutic targets in metabolic disorders. The ex vivo CRISPR correction of autologous patient-derived hiPSCs has led to the development of replacement cell therapies, providing better patient prognoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Cota-Coronado
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Eduardo Padilla-Camberos
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - éNstor F Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Jose M Flores-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, 474 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada; División de Ingeniería en Industrias Alimentarias e Innovación Agrícola Sustentable, Tecnológico de Estudios Superiores de Villa Guerrero, Carretera Toluca-Ixtapan de la Sal, Km 64.5, La Finca, 61763, Villa Guerrero, Estado de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ávila-Gónzalez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico; Departamento de Fisiología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - N Emmanuel Diaz-Martinez
- Biotecnología Médica y Farmacéutica, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, Guadalajara, Mexico.
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Chatzifrangkeskou M, Yadin D, Marais T, Chardonnet S, Cohen-Tannoudji M, Mougenot N, Schmitt A, Crasto S, Di Pasquale E, Macquart C, Tanguy Y, Jebeniani I, Pucéat M, Morales Rodriguez B, Goldmann WH, Dal Ferro M, Biferi MG, Knaus P, Bonne G, Worman HJ, Muchir A. Cofilin-1 phosphorylation catalyzed by ERK1/2 alters cardiac actin dynamics in dilated cardiomyopathy caused by lamin A/C gene mutation. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:3060-3078. [PMID: 29878125 PMCID: PMC6097156 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyper-activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 contributes to heart dysfunction in cardiomyopathy caused by mutations in the lamin A/C gene (LMNA cardiomyopathy). The mechanism of how this affects cardiac function is unknown. We show that active phosphorylated ERK1/2 directly binds to and catalyzes the phosphorylation of the actin depolymerizing factor cofilin-1 on Thr25. Cofilin-1 becomes active and disassembles actin filaments in a large array of cellular and animal models of LMNA cardiomyopathy. In vivo expression of cofilin-1, phosphorylated on Thr25 by endogenous ERK1/2 signaling, leads to alterations in left ventricular function and cardiac actin. These results demonstrate a novel role for cofilin-1 on actin dynamics in cardiac muscle and provide a rationale on how increased ERK1/2 signaling leads to LMNA cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chatzifrangkeskou
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - David Yadin
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thibaut Marais
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Solenne Chardonnet
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM, UMS29 Omique, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Cohen-Tannoudji
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Mougenot
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM, UMS28 Phénotypage du Petit Animal, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016-CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris F-75014, France
| | - Silvia Crasto
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, National Research Council of Italy, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Elisa Di Pasquale
- Istituto Clinico Humanitas IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Istituto Ricerca Genetica e Biomedica, National Research Council of Italy, Milan 20089, Italy
| | - Coline Macquart
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yannick Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Imen Jebeniani
- Faculté de Médecine La Timone, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR910, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Michel Pucéat
- Faculté de Médecine La Timone, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM UMR910, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Blanca Morales Rodriguez
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Wolfgang H Goldmann
- Department of Physics, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matteo Dal Ferro
- Cardiovascular Department, Ospedali Riuniti and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria-Grazia Biferi
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Petra Knaus
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Howard J Worman
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Antoine Muchir
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Paris 06, INSERM UMRS974, Center of Research in Myology, F-75013 Paris, France
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Omole AE, Fakoya AOJ. Ten years of progress and promise of induced pluripotent stem cells: historical origins, characteristics, mechanisms, limitations, and potential applications. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4370. [PMID: 29770269 PMCID: PMC5951134 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by Shinya Yamanaka in 2006 was heralded as a major breakthrough of the decade in stem cell research. The ability to reprogram human somatic cells to a pluripotent embryonic stem cell-like state through the ectopic expression of a combination of embryonic transcription factors was greeted with great excitement by scientists and bioethicists. The reprogramming technology offers the opportunity to generate patient-specific stem cells for modeling human diseases, drug development and screening, and individualized regenerative cell therapy. However, fundamental questions have been raised regarding the molecular mechanism of iPSCs generation, a process still poorly understood by scientists. The efficiency of reprogramming of iPSCs remains low due to the effect of various barriers to reprogramming. There is also the risk of chromosomal instability and oncogenic transformation associated with the use of viral vectors, such as retrovirus and lentivirus, which deliver the reprogramming transcription factors by integration in the host cell genome. These challenges can hinder the therapeutic prospects and promise of iPSCs and their clinical applications. Consequently, extensive studies have been done to elucidate the molecular mechanism of reprogramming and novel strategies have been identified which help to improve the efficiency of reprogramming methods and overcome the safety concerns linked with iPSC generation. Distinct barriers and enhancers of reprogramming have been elucidated, and non-integrating reprogramming methods have been reported. Here, we summarize the progress and the recent advances that have been made over the last 10 years in the iPSC field, with emphasis on the molecular mechanism of reprogramming, strategies to improve the efficiency of reprogramming, characteristics and limitations of iPSCs, and the progress made in the applications of iPSCs in the field of disease modelling, drug discovery and regenerative medicine. Additionally, this study appraises the role of genomic editing technology in the generation of healthy iPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adekunle Ebenezer Omole
- Department of Basic Sciences, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, St. John's, Antigua
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Zhu Y, Liang Y, Zhu H, Lian C, Wang L, Wang Y, Gu H, Zhou G, Yu X. The generation and functional characterization of induced pluripotent stem cells from human intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:42700-42711. [PMID: 28498811 PMCID: PMC5522099 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Disc degenerative disease (DDD) is believed to originate in the nucleus pulposus (NP) region therefore, it is important to obtain a greater number of active NP cells for the study and therapy of DDD. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a powerful tool for modeling the development of DDD in humans, and have the potential to be applied in regenerative medicine. NP cells were isolated from DDD patients following our improved method, and then the primary NP cells were reprogramed into iPSCs with Sendai virus vectors encoding 4 factors. Successful reprogramming of iPSCs was verified by the expression of surface markers and presence of teratoma. Differentiation of iPSCs into NP-like cells was performed in a culture plate or in hydrogel, whereby skin fibroblast derived-iPSCs were used as a control. Results demonstrated that iPSCs derived from NP cells displayed a normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers, and formed teratoma in nude mice. NP induction of iPSCs resulted in the expression of NP cell specific matrix proteins and related genes. Non-induced NP derived-iPSCs also showed some NP-like phenotype. Furthermore, NP-derived iPSCs differentiate much better in hydrogel than that in a culture plate. This is a novel method for the generation of iPSCs from NP cells of DDD patients, and we have successfully differentiated these iPSCs into NP-like cells in hydrogel. This method provides a novel treatment of DDD by using patient-specific NP cells in a relatively simple and straightforward manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yuhong Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Hongxia Zhu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Xiaogan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Xiaogan, 432100, China
| | - Cuihong Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Burns Research Group, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia
| | - Hongsheng Gu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Guangqian Zhou
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-Aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
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Yuhuan X, Yingjun X, Yanting X, Yuchang C, Bing S, Shaoying L, Haoxian L, Yexing X, Shuming O, Zeyu X, Xiaofang S. Generation of GZKHQi001-A and GZWWTi001-A, two induced pluripotent stem cell lines derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients. Stem Cell Res 2018; 28:25-28. [PMID: 29414414 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked disease caused by mutations in the DMD gene, which spans ~2.4Mb of genomic sequence at locus Xp21. This mutation results in the loss of the protein dystrophin. DMD patients die in their second or third decade due to either respiratory failure or cardiomyopathy, as the absence of dystrophin leads to myofiber membrane fragility and necrosis, eventually resulting in muscle atrophy and contractures. Currently, there is no effective treatment for DMD, therefore induced pluripotent stem cells from DMD patients would be a powerful tool for studying disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xie Yuhuan
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xie Yingjun
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xue Yanting
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chen Yuchang
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Song Bing
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Shaoying
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li Haoxian
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xian Yexing
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ouyang Shuming
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiong Zeyu
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sun Xiaofang
- Key Lab for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Experimental Department of Institute of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, Guangdong Province, China.
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Wei H, Wu J, Liu Z. Studying KCNQ1 Mutation and Drug Response in Type 1 Long QT Syndrome Using Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1684:7-28. [PMID: 29058180 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7362-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Patient-specific human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) are becoming a valuable model for studying inherited cardiac arrhythmias. Type 1 long-QT syndrome is associated with the genetic variants of KCNQ1 gene that encodes Kv7.1, the α-subunit of the voltage-gated potassium channel QKT subfamily member 1 that channels the slow component of the outwardly rectifying K+ channel current in cardiac myocytes. Patient- or disease-specific hiPSC-CM model could facilitate the characterization of the genotype-phenotype relationships and testing of individualized drug responses.Here, we describe the methods in the generation of hiPSC-CMs, molecular and electrophysiological characterizations of their cellular phenotypes associated with KCNQ1/Kv7.1 defects, and evaluation of the effects of K+ channel-specific drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wei
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5th Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Jianjun Wu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5th Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
| | - Zhenfeng Liu
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5th Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169609, Republic of Singapore
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