1
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Jusic A, Erpapazoglou Z, Dalgaard LT, Lakkisto P, de Gonzalo-Calvo D, Benczik B, Ágg B, Ferdinandy P, Fiedorowicz K, Schroen B, Lazou A, Devaux Y. Guidelines for mitochondrial RNA analysis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102262. [PMID: 39091381 PMCID: PMC11292373 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the energy-producing organelles of mammalian cells with critical involvement in metabolism and signaling. Studying their regulation in pathological conditions may lead to the discovery of novel drugs to treat, for instance, cardiovascular or neurological diseases, which affect high-energy-consuming cells such as cardiomyocytes, hepatocytes, or neurons. Mitochondria possess both protein-coding and noncoding RNAs, such as microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, circular RNAs, and piwi-interacting RNAs, encoded by the mitochondria or the nuclear genome. Mitochondrial RNAs are involved in anterograde-retrograde communication between the nucleus and mitochondria and play an important role in physiological and pathological conditions. Despite accumulating evidence on the presence and biogenesis of mitochondrial RNAs, their study continues to pose significant challenges. Currently, there are no standardized protocols and guidelines to conduct deep functional characterization and expression profiling of mitochondrial RNAs. To overcome major obstacles in this emerging field, the EU-CardioRNA and AtheroNET COST Action networks summarize currently available techniques and emphasize critical points that may constitute sources of variability and explain discrepancies between published results. Standardized methods and adherence to guidelines to quantify and study mitochondrial RNAs in normal and disease states will improve research outputs, their reproducibility, and translation potential to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amela Jusic
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Zoi Erpapazoglou
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
| | - Louise Torp Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Päivi Lakkisto
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - David de Gonzalo-Calvo
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bettina Benczik
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Ágg
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - Blanche Schroen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Antigone Lazou
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - on behalf of EU-CardioRNA COST Action CA17129
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61614 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - AtheroNET COST Action CA21153
- HAYA Therapeutics SA, Route De La Corniche 6, SuperLab Suisse - Batiment Serine, 1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg
- Ιnstitute for Fundamental Biomedical Research, B.S.R.C. “Alexander Fleming”, Vari, 16672 Athens, Greece
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Arnau de Vilanova and Santa Maria, IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cardiometabolic and HUN-REN-SU System Pharmacology Research Group, Center for Pharmacology and Drug Research & Development, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, 6722 Szeged, Hungary
- NanoBioMedical Centre, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61614 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, ER 6229 Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Herms A, Colom B, Piedrafita G, Kalogeropoulou A, Banerjee U, King C, Abby E, Murai K, Caseda I, Fernandez-Antoran D, Ong SH, Hall MWJ, Bryant C, Sood RK, Fowler JC, Pol A, Frezza C, Vanhaesebroeck B, Jones PH. Organismal metabolism regulates the expansion of oncogenic PIK3CA mutant clones in normal esophagus. Nat Genet 2024:10.1038/s41588-024-01891-8. [PMID: 39169259 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01891-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Oncogenic PIK3CA mutations generate large clones in aging human esophagus. Here we investigate the behavior of Pik3ca mutant clones in the normal esophageal epithelium of transgenic mice. Expression of a heterozygous Pik3caH1047R mutation drives clonal expansion by tilting cell fate toward proliferation. CRISPR screening and inhibitor treatment of primary esophageal keratinocytes confirmed the PI3K-mTOR pathway increased mutant cell competitive fitness. The antidiabetic drug metformin reduced mutant cell advantage in vivo and in vitro. Conversely, metabolic conditions such as type 1 diabetes or diet-induced obesity enhanced the competitive fitness of Pik3caH1047R cells. Consistently, we found a higher density of PIK3CA gain-of-function mutations in the esophagus of individuals with high body mass index compared with those with normal weight. We conclude that the metabolic environment selectively influences the evolution of the normal epithelial mutational landscape. Clinically feasible interventions to even out signaling imbalances between wild-type and mutant cells may limit the expansion of oncogenic mutants in normal tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Herms
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bartomeu Colom
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Cambridge Institute of Science, Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gabriel Piedrafita
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Irene Caseda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Fernandez-Antoran
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome/Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Albert Pol
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Lipid Trafficking and Disease Group, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christian Frezza
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Philip H Jones
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
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3
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Li J, Huang K, McBride F, Sadagopan A, Gallant DS, Thakur M, Khanna P, Li B, Ge M, Weiss CN, Achom M, Xu Q, Huang K, Ryback BA, Gui M, Bar-Peled L, Viswanathan SR. TFE3 fusions direct an oncogenic transcriptional program that drives OXPHOS and unveils vulnerabilities in translocation renal cell carcinoma. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.09.607311. [PMID: 39149323 PMCID: PMC11326252 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.09.607311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) is an aggressive subtype of kidney cancer driven by TFE3 gene fusions, which act via poorly characterized downstream mechanisms. Here we report that TFE3 fusions transcriptionally rewire tRCCs toward oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), contrasting with the highly glycolytic metabolism of most other renal cancers. This TFE3 fusion-driven OXPHOS program, together with heightened glutathione levels found in renal cancers, renders tRCCs sensitive to reductive stress - a metabolic stress state induced by an imbalance of reducing equivalents. Genome-scale CRISPR screening identifies tRCC-selective vulnerabilities linked to this metabolic state, including EGLN1, which hydroxylates HIF-1α and targets it for proteolysis. Inhibition of EGLN1 compromises tRCC cell growth by stabilizing HIF-1a and promoting metabolic reprogramming away from OXPHOS, thus representing a vulnerability to OXPHOS-dependent tRCC cells. Our study defines a distinctive tRCC-essential metabolic program driven by TFE3 fusions and nominates EGLN1 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to counteract fusion-induced metabolic rewiring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kaimeng Huang
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fiona McBride
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ananthan Sadagopan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel. S Gallant
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Meha Thakur
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Prateek Khanna
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bingchen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maolin Ge
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cary N. Weiss
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mingkee Achom
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qingru Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kun Huang
- Molecular Imaging Core and Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Birgitta A. Ryback
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Miao Gui
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liron Bar-Peled
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
- Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Srinivas R. Viswanathan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard; Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital; Boston, MA, USA
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4
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Shinozaki K, Wong V, Aoki T, Hayashida K, Takegawa R, Endo Y, Nandurkar H, Diamond B, Robson SC, Becker LB. The role of pyruvate-induced enhancement of oxygen metabolism in extracellular purinergic signaling in the post-cardiac arrest rat model. Purinergic Signal 2024; 20:345-357. [PMID: 37507639 PMCID: PMC11303634 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purine nucleotide adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a source of intracellular energy maintained by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. However, when released from ischemic cells into the extracellular space, they act as death-signaling molecules (eATP). Despite there being potential benefit in using pyruvate to enhance mitochondria by inducing a highly oxidative metabolic state, its association with eATP levels is still poorly understood. Therefore, while we hypothesized that pyruvate could beneficially increase intracellular ATP with the enhancement of mitochondrial function after cardiac arrest (CA), our main focus was whether a proportion of the raised intracellular ATP would detrimentally leak out into the extracellular space. As indicated by the increased levels in systemic oxygen consumption, intravenous administrations of bolus (500 mg/kg) and continuous infusion (1000 mg/kg/h) of pyruvate successfully increased oxygen metabolism in post 10-min CA rats. Plasma ATP levels increased significantly from 67 ± 11 nM before CA to 227 ± 103 nM 2 h after the resuscitation; however, pyruvate administration did not affect post-CA ATP levels. Notably, pyruvate improved post-CA cardiac contraction and acidemia (low pH). We also found that pyruvate increased systemic CO2 production post-CA. These data support that pyruvate has therapeutic potential for improving CA outcomes by enhancing oxygen and energy metabolism in the brain and heart and attenuating intracellular hydrogen ion disorders, but does not exacerbate the death-signaling of eATP in the blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Shinozaki
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Vanessa Wong
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Tomoaki Aoki
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Kei Hayashida
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ryosuke Takegawa
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Yusuke Endo
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Harshal Nandurkar
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Betty Diamond
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lance B Becker
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, NY, USA
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5
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Fuchs H, Staszak AM, Vargas PA, Sahrawy M, Serrato AJ, Dyderski MK, Klupczyńska EA, Głodowicz P, Rolle K, Ratajczak E. Redox dynamics in seeds of Acer spp: unraveling adaptation strategies of different seed categories. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1430695. [PMID: 39114470 PMCID: PMC11303208 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1430695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Background Seeds of woody plant species, such as those in the Acer genus like Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), exhibit unique physiological traits and responses to environmental stress. Thioredoxins (Trxs) play a central role in the redox regulation of cells, interacting with other redox-active proteins such as peroxiredoxins (Prxs), and contributing to plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, there is limited understanding of potential variations in this system between seeds categorized as recalcitrant and orthodox, which could provide insights into adaptive strategies. Methods Using proteomic analysis and DDA methods we investigated the Trx-h1 target proteins in seed axes. We complemented the results of the proteomic analysis with gene expression analysis of the Trx-h1, 1-Cys-Prx, and TrxR NTRA genes in the embryonic axes of maturing, mature, and stored seeds from two Acer species. Results and discussion The expression of Trx-h1 and TrxR NTRA throughout seed maturation in both species was low. The expression of 1-Cys-Prx remained relatively stable throughout seed maturation. In stored seeds, the expression levels were minimal, with slightly higher levels in sycamore seeds, which may confirm that recalcitrant seeds remain metabolically active during storage. A library of 289 proteins interacting with Trx-h1 was constructed, comprising 68 from Norway maple and 221 from sycamore, with distinct profiles in each seed category. Recalcitrant seed axes displayed a wide array of metabolic, stress response, and signaling proteins, suggesting sustained metabolic activity during storage and the need to address oxidative stress. Conversely, the orthodox seed axes presented a protein profile, reflecting efficient metabolic shutdown, which contributes to their extended viability. The results of the study provide new insights into seed viability and storage longevity mechanisms. They enhance the understanding of seed biology and lay the foundation for further evolutionary research on seeds of different categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fuchs
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Aleksandra M. Staszak
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Department of Plant Biology and Ecology Faculty of Biology, University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Paola A. Vargas
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Mariam Sahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio J. Serrato
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Paweł Głodowicz
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rolle
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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6
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Islam SR, Maity S, Chakrabarti O, Manna SK. Protocol for analyzing energy metabolic pathway dependency in human liver cancer cell lines. STAR Protoc 2024; 5:102964. [PMID: 38507415 PMCID: PMC10960080 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2024.102964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular energy metabolism analysis is complex, expensive, and indirect. We present a protocol to analyze relative contribution of metabolic pathways to ATP production by directly measuring ATP levels. We describe steps for cell counting and seeding in 96-well plate, treating with metformin, and systematic inhibition with metabolic inhibitors. We then detail procedures for a viability and ATP assay and calculating energy metabolism dependency. This high-throughput and accessible protocol works with any cell line and allows for flexible perturbation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Ramiz Islam
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 094, India.
| | - Sebabrata Maity
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 094, India.
| | - Oishee Chakrabarti
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 094, India
| | - Soumen Kanti Manna
- Biophysics & Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, West Bengal 700 064, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400 094, India
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7
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Bodenstein DF, Siebiger G, Zhao Y, Clasky AJ, Mukkala AN, Beroncal EL, Banh L, Aslostovar L, Brijbassi S, Hogan SE, McCully JD, Mehrabian M, Petersen TH, Robinson LA, Walker M, Zachos C, Viswanathan S, Gu FX, Rotstein OD, Cypel M, Radisic M, Andreazza AC. Bridging the gap between in vitro and in vivo models: a way forward to clinical translation of mitochondrial transplantation in acute disease states. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:157. [PMID: 38816774 PMCID: PMC11140916 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03771-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial transplantation and transfer are being explored as therapeutic options in acute and chronic diseases to restore cellular function in injured tissues. To limit potential immune responses and rejection of donor mitochondria, current clinical applications have focused on delivery of autologous mitochondria. We recently convened a Mitochondrial Transplant Convergent Working Group (CWG), to explore three key issues that limit clinical translation: (1) storage of mitochondria, (2) biomaterials to enhance mitochondrial uptake, and (3) dynamic models to mimic the complex recipient tissue environment. In this review, we present a summary of CWG conclusions related to these three issues and provide an overview of pre-clinical studies aimed at building a more robust toolkit for translational trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Bodenstein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Gabriel Siebiger
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Yimu Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Aaron J Clasky
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Avinash N Mukkala
- Institute of Medical Science (IMS), University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Erika L Beroncal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Lauren Banh
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lili Aslostovar
- Centre for Commercialization of Regenerative Medicine, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sonya Brijbassi
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah E Hogan
- Regenerative Medicine Department, United Therapeutics Corporation, Silver Spring, USA
| | - James D McCully
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | | | - Thomas H Petersen
- Regenerative Medicine Department, United Therapeutics Corporation, Silver Spring, USA
| | - Lisa A Robinson
- Program in Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
| | - Melanie Walker
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | | | - Sowmya Viswanathan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Osteoarthritis Research Program, Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Schroeder Arthritis Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
| | - Frank X Gu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
- Acceleration Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ori D Rotstein
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Latner Thoracic Research Laboratories, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Lung Transplant Program, Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Milica Radisic
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G9, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada
- Acceleration Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
- Terence Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Ana C Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Mitochondrial Innovation Initiative (MITO2i), Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Kim HK, Song Y, Kye M, Yu B, Park SB, Kim JH, Moon SH, Choi H, Moon JS, Oh JS, Lee MR. Energy Metabolism in Human Pluripotent Stem and Differentiated Cells Compared Using a Seahorse XF96 Extracellular Flux Analyzer. Int J Stem Cells 2024; 17:194-203. [PMID: 38664993 PMCID: PMC11170120 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc23167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Evaluating cell metabolism is crucial during pluripotent stem cell (PSC) differentiation and somatic cell reprogramming as it affects cell fate. As cultured stem cells are heterogeneous, a comparative analysis of relative metabolism using existing metabolic analysis methods is difficult, resulting in inaccuracies. In this study, we measured human PSC basal metabolic levels using a Seahorse analyzer. We used fibroblasts, human induced PSCs, and human embryonic stem cells to monitor changes in basal metabolic levels according to cell number and determine the number of cells suitable for analysis. We evaluated normalization methods using glucose and selected the most suitable for the metabolic analysis of heterogeneous PSCs during the reprogramming stage. The response of fibroblasts to glucose increased with starvation time, with oxygen consumption rate and extracellular acidification rate responding most effectively to glucose 4 hours after starvation and declining after 5 hours of starvation. Fibroblasts and PSCs achieved appropriate responses to glucose without damaging their metabolism 2∼4 and 2∼3 hours after starvation, respectively. We developed a novel method for comparing basal metabolic rates of fibroblasts and PSCs, focusing on quantitative analysis of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation using glucose without enzyme inhibitors. This protocol enables efficient comparison of energy metabolism among cell types, including undifferentiated PSCs, differentiated cells, and cells undergoing cellular reprogramming, and addresses critical issues, such as differences in basal metabolic levels and sensitivity to normalization, providing valuable insights into cellular energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyu Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
- Dementia Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu, Korea
| | - Yena Song
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Minji Kye
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Byeongho Yu
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sang Beom Park
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Animal Science and Technology College of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Hyungkyu Choi
- Department of Animal Science and Technology College of Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Moon
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Jae Sang Oh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Uijeonbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Man Ryul Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soon Chun Hyang University, Cheonan, Korea
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9
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Zhang QW, Lin XL, Dai ZH, Zhao R, Hou YC, Liang Q, Zhang Y, Ge ZZ. Hypoxia and low-glucose environments co-induced HGDILnc1 promote glycolysis and angiogenesis. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:132. [PMID: 38472215 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01903-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Small bowel vascular malformation disease (SBVM) commonly causes obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). However, the pathogenetic mechanism and the role of lncRNAs in SBVM remain largely unknown. Here, we found that hypoxia and low-glucose environments co-augment angiogenesis and existed in SBVM. Mechanistically, hypoxia and low-glucose environments supported angiogenesis via activation of hypoxia and glucose deprivation-induced lncRNA (HGDILnc1) transcription by increasing binding of the NeuroD1 transcription factor to the HGDILnc1 promoter. Raised HGDILnc1 acted as a suppressor of α-Enolase 1 (ENO1) small ubiquitin-like modifier modification (SUMOylation)-triggered ubiquitination, and an activator of transcription of Aldolase C (ALDOC) via upregulation of Histone H2B lysine 16 acetylation (H2BK16ac) level in the promoter of ALDOC, and consequently promoting glycolysis and angiogenesis. Moreover, HGDILnc1 was clinically positively correlated with Neurogenic differentiation 1 (NeuroD1), ENO1, and ALDOC in SBVM tissues, and could function as a biomarker for SBVM diagnosis and therapy. These findings suggest that hypoxia and low-glucose environments were present in SBVM tissues, and co-augmented angiogenesis. Hypoxia and low-glucose environments co-induced HGDILnc1, which is higher expressed in SBVM tissue compared with normal tissue, could promoted glycolysis and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Lin
- Department of Digestive Endoscopy Center, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zi-Hao Dai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Chao Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Nineth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Ge
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China.
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10
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El Hindi K, Brachtendorf S, Hartel JC, Renné C, Birod K, Schilling K, Labocha S, Thomas D, Ferreirós N, Hahnefeld L, Dorochow E, Del Turco D, Deller T, Scholich K, Fuhrmann DC, Weigert A, Brüne B, Geisslinger G, Wittig I, Link KH, Grösch S. Hypoxia induced deregulation of sphingolipids in colon cancer is a prognostic marker for patient outcome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166906. [PMID: 37802156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids are important for the physicochemical properties of cellular membranes and deregulated in tumors. In human colon cancer tissue ceramide synthase (CerS) 4 and CerS5 are reduced which correlates with a reduced survival probability of late-stage colon cancer patients. Both enzymes are reduced after hypoxia in advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (HCT-116, SW620) but not in non-metastatic CRC cells (SW480, Caco-2). Downregulation of CerS4 or CerS5 in advanced CRC cells enhanced tumor formation in nude mice and organoid growth in vitro. This was accompanied by an enhanced proliferation rate and metabolic changes leading to a shift towards the Warburg effect. In contrast, CerS4 or CerS5 depletion in Caco-2 cells reduced tumor growth in vivo. Lipidomic and proteomic analysis of membrane fractions revealed significant changes in tumor-promoting cellular pathways and cellular transporters. This study identifies CerS4 and CerS5 as prognostic markers for advanced colon cancer patients and provides a comprehensive overview about the associated cellular metabolic changes. We propose that the expression level of CerS4 and CerS5 in colon tumors could serve as a basis for decision-making for personalized treatment of advanced colon cancer patients. Trial registration: The study was accredited by the study board of the Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (Registration No: St-D203, 2017/06/30, retrospectively registered).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija El Hindi
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Brachtendorf
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Jennifer C Hartel
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Goethe-University Frankfurt, Department of Life Sciences, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Christoph Renné
- Institute of Pathology and Cytology, Group Practice Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Kerstin Birod
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Karin Schilling
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sandra Labocha
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dominique Thomas
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahnefeld
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Erika Dorochow
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Domenico Del Turco
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Deller
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Neuroanatomy, Dr. Senckenberg Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus Scholich
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Dominik C Fuhrmann
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Diseases CIMD, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ilka Wittig
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Functional Proteomics, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinrich Link
- Asklepios Tumor Center (ATC) and Surgical Center, Asklepios Paulinen Klinik, Wiesbaden 65197, Germany
| | - Sabine Grösch
- Goethe-University Frankfurt, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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11
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Motawe ZY, Abdelmaboud SS, Breslin JW. Evaluation of Glycolysis and Mitochondrial Function in Endothelial Cells Using the Seahorse Analyzer. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2711:241-256. [PMID: 37776463 PMCID: PMC11368073 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3429-5_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial bioenergetics have emerged as a key regulator of endothelial barrier function. Glycolytic parameters have been linked to barrier enhancement, and interruption with mitochondrial complexes was shown to disrupt endothelial barrier. Therefore, a new technology that has been introduced to assess bioenergetics and metabolism has also made it possible to determine roles of specific energy production pathways in endothelial health. The Seahorse extracellular flux analysis by Agilent technologies is a state of the art tool that has been more frequently used to evaluate bioenergetics of endothelial cells. This chapter includes details about different assays that can be used to study endothelial cells using the Seahorse analyzer and how interpretation of the results can provide novel insight about endothelial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Y Motawe
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Salma S Abdelmaboud
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jerome W Breslin
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.
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12
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Wei Y, Miao Q, Zhang Q, Mao S, Li M, Xu X, Xia X, Wei K, Fan Y, Zheng X, Fang Y, Mei M, Zhang Q, Ding J, Fan Y, Lu M, Hu G. Aerobic glycolysis is the predominant means of glucose metabolism in neuronal somata, which protects against oxidative damage. Nat Neurosci 2023; 26:2081-2089. [PMID: 37996529 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-023-01476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
It is generally thought that under basal conditions, neurons produce ATP mainly through mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and glycolytic activity only predominates when neurons are activated and need to meet higher energy demands. However, it remains unknown whether there are differences in glucose metabolism between neuronal somata and axon terminals. Here, we demonstrated that neuronal somata perform higher levels of aerobic glycolysis and lower levels of OXPHOS than terminals, both during basal and activated states. We found that the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) is localized predominantly in the somata rather than in the terminals. Deletion of Pkm2 in mice results in a switch from aerobic glycolysis to OXPHOS in neuronal somata, leading to oxidative damage and progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Our findings update the conventional view that neurons uniformly use OXPHOS under basal conditions and highlight the important role of somatic aerobic glycolysis in maintaining antioxidant capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - QianQian Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiyu Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengke Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinlei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinquan Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianhua Ding
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration, Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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13
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Hu L, Wang N, Bryant JD, Liu L, Xie L, West AP, Walsh AJ. Label-free spatially maintained measurements of metabolic phenotypes in cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1293268. [PMID: 38090715 PMCID: PMC10715269 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1293268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming at a cellular level contributes to many diseases including cancer, yet few assays are capable of measuring metabolic pathway usage by individual cells within living samples. Here, autofluorescence lifetime imaging is combined with single-cell segmentation and machine-learning models to predict the metabolic pathway usage of cancer cells. The metabolic activities of MCF7 breast cancer cells and HepG2 liver cancer cells were controlled by growing the cells in culture media with specific substrates and metabolic inhibitors. Fluorescence lifetime images of two endogenous metabolic coenzymes, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and oxidized flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), were acquired by a multi-photon fluorescence lifetime microscope and analyzed at the cellular level. Quantitative changes of NADH and FAD lifetime components were observed for cells using glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, and glutaminolysis. Conventional machine learning models trained with the autofluorescence features classified cells as dependent on glycolytic or oxidative metabolism with 90%-92% accuracy. Furthermore, adapting convolutional neural networks to predict cancer cell metabolic perturbations from the autofluorescence lifetime images provided improved performance, 95% accuracy, over traditional models trained via extracted features. Additionally, the model trained with the lifetime features of cancer cells could be transferred to autofluorescence lifetime images of T cells, with a prediction that 80% of activated T cells were glycolytic, and 97% of quiescent T cells were oxidative. In summary, autofluorescence lifetime imaging combined with machine learning models can detect metabolic perturbations between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism of living samples at a cellular level, providing a label-free technology to study cellular metabolism and metabolic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Nianchao Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Joshua D. Bryant
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Linglin Xie
- Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - A. Phillip West
- Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Health Science Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Alex J. Walsh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
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14
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Guo B, Zheng C, Cao J, Luo F, Li H, Hu S, Mingyuan Lee S, Yang X, Zhang G, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Wang Y. Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone exerts neuroprotection via activation of PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway in Parkinson's disease models. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00360-0. [PMID: 37989471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Parkinson's disease (PD) is common neurodegenerative disease where oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play important roles in its progression. Tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN), a potent free radical scavenger, has shown protective effects in various neurological conditions. However, the neuroprotective mechanisms of TBN in PD models remain unclear. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate TBN's neuroprotective effects and mechanisms in PD models. METHODS TBN's neuroprotection was initially measured in MPP+/MPTP-induced PD models. Subsequently, a luciferase reporter assay was used to detect peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) promoter activity. Effects of TBN on antioxidant damage and the PGC-1α/Nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway were thoroughly investigated. RESULTS In MPP+-induced cell model, TBN (30 to 300 μM) increased cell survival by 9.95% (P < 0.05), 16.63% (P < 0.001), and 24.09% (P < 0.001), respectively. TBN enhanced oxidative phosphorylation (P < 0.05) and restored PGC-1α transcriptional activity suppressed by MPP+ (84.30% vs 59.03%, P < 0.01). In MPTP-treated mice, TBN (30 mg/kg) ameliorated motor impairment, increased striatal dopamine levels (16.75%, P < 0.001), dopaminergic neurons survival (27.12%, P < 0.001), and tyrosine hydroxylase expression (28.07%, P < 0.01). Selegiline, a positive control, increased dopamine levels (15.35%, P < 0.001) and dopaminergic neurons survival (25.34%, P < 0.001). Additionally, TBN reduced oxidative products and activated the PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway. PGC-1α knockdown diminished TBN's neuroprotective effects, decreasing cell viability from 73.65% to 56.87% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION TBN has demonstrated consistent effectiveness in MPP+-induced midbrain neurons and MPTP-induced mice. Notably, the therapeutic effect of TBN in mitigating motor deficits and neurodegeneration is superior to selegiline. The neuroprotective mechanisms of TBN are associated with activation of the PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway, thereby reducing oxidative stress and maintaining mitochondrial function. These findings suggest that TBN may be a promising therapeutic candidate for PD, warranting further development and investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China; Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral research station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chengyou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fangcheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai 519041, China
| | - Shengquan Hu
- Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine/Shenzhen Institute of Gerontology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Simon Mingyuan Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 8, Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yewei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
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15
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Tu YH, Liu N, Xiao C, Gavrilova O, Reitman ML. Loss of Otopetrin 1 affects thermoregulation during fasting in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292610. [PMID: 37812612 PMCID: PMC10561838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Otopetrin 1 (OTOP1) is a proton channel that is highly expressed in brown adipose tissue. We examined the physiology of Otop1-/- mice, which lack functional OTOP1. METHODS Mice were studied by indirect calorimetry and telemetric ambulatory body temperature monitoring. Mitochondrial function was measured as oxygen consumption and extracellular acidification. RESULTS Otop1-/- mice had similar body temperatures as control mice at baseline and in response to cold and hot ambient temperatures. However, in response to fasting the Otop1-/- mice exhibited an exaggerated hypothermia and hypometabolism. Similarly, in ex vivo tests of Otop1-/- brown adipose tissue mitochondrial function, there was no change in baseline oxygen consumption, but the oxygen consumption was reduced after maximal uncoupling with FCCP and increased upon stimulation with the β3-adrenergic agonist CL316243. Mast cells also express Otop1, and Otop1-/- mice had intact, possibly greater hypothermia in response to mast cell activation by the adenosine A3 receptor agonist MRS5698. No increase in insulin resistance was observed in the Otop1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Loss of OTOP1 does not change basal function of brown adipose tissue but affects stimulated responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Tu
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Naili Liu
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Cuiying Xiao
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Oksana Gavrilova
- Mouse Metabolism Core, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Marc L. Reitman
- Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
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16
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Bodenstein DF, Powlowski P, Zachos KA, El Soufi El Sabbagh D, Jeong H, Attisano L, Edgar L, Wallace DC, Andreazza AC. Optimization of differential filtration-based mitochondrial isolation for mitochondrial transplant to cerebral organoids. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:202. [PMID: 37580812 PMCID: PMC10426050 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03436-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in several diseases ranging from genetic mitochondrial disorders to chronic metabolic diseases. An emerging approach to potentially treat mitochondrial dysfunction is the transplantation of autologous live mitochondria to promote cell regeneration. We tested the differential filtration-based mitochondrial isolation protocol established by the McCully laboratory for use in cellular models but found whole cell contaminants in the mitochondrial isolate. METHODS Therefore, we explored alternative types of 5-μm filters (filters A and B) for isolation of mitochondria from multiple cell lines including HEK293 cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). MitoTracker™ staining combined with flow cytometry was used to quantify the concentration of viable mitochondria. A proof-of-principle mitochondrial transplant was performed using mitoDsRed2-tagged mitochondria into a H9-derived cerebral organoid. RESULTS We found that filter B provided the highest quality mitochondria as compared to the 5-μm filter used in the original protocol. Using this method, mitochondria were also successfully isolated from induced pluripotent stem cells. To test for viability, mitoDsRed2-tagged mitochondria were isolated and transplanted into H9-derived cerebral organoids and observed that mitochondria were engulfed as indicated by immunofluorescent co-localization of TOMM20 and MAP2. CONCLUSIONS Thus, use of filter B in a differential filtration approach is ideal for isolating pure and viable mitochondria from cells, allowing us to begin evaluating long-term integration and safety of mitochondrial transplant using cellular sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Bodenstein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Pavel Powlowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kassandra A Zachos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dana El Soufi El Sabbagh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hyunjin Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Liliana Attisano
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Landon Edgar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Molecular and Mitochondrial Medicine and Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ana Cristina Andreazza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Science Building, Room 4211, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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17
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Jin S, Yin E, Feng C, Sun Y, Yang T, Yuan H, Guo Z, Wang X. Regulating tumor glycometabolism and the immune microenvironment by inhibiting lactate dehydrogenase with platinum(iv) complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8327-8337. [PMID: 37564403 PMCID: PMC10411615 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01874a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a key enzyme involved in the process of glycolysis, assisting cancer cells to take in glucose and generate lactate, as well as to suppress and evade the immune system by altering the tumor microenvironment (TME). Platinum(iv) complexes MDP and DDP were prepared by modifying cisplatin with diclofenac at the axial position(s). These complexes exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. In particular, DDP downregulated the expression of LDHA, LDHB, and MCTs to inhibit the production and influx/efflux of lactate in cancer cells, impeding both glycolysis and glucose oxidation. MDP and DDP also reduced the expression of HIF-1α, ARG1 and VEGF, thereby disrupting the formation of tumor vasculature. Furthermore, they promoted the repolarization of macrophages from the tumor-supportive M2 phenotype to the tumor-suppressive M1 phenotype in the TME, thus enhancing the antitumor immune response. The antitumor mechanism involves reprogramming the energy metabolism of tumor cells and relieving the immunosuppressive TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China +86 25 89684549 +86 25 89684549
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Enmao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China +86 25 89684549 +86 25 89684549
| | - Chenyao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China +86 25 89684549 +86 25 89684549
| | - Yuewen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China +86 25 89684549 +86 25 89684549
| | - Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Hao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
- Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China +86 25 89684549 +86 25 89684549
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18
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Bucheli OTM, Eyer K. Insights into the relationship between persistent antibody secretion and metabolic programming - A question for single-cell analysis. Immunol Lett 2023; 260:35-43. [PMID: 37315849 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination aims to generate a protective and persisting antibody response. Indeed, humoral vaccine-mediated protection depends on the quality and quantity of the produced antigen-specific antibodies for its initial magnitude and the persistence of the plasma cells for its duration. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms behind the generation, selection and maintenance of long-lived plasma cells secreting protective antibodies is of fundamental importance for understanding long-term immunity, vaccine responses, therapeutical approaches for autoimmune disease and multiple myeloma. Recent studies have observed correlations between the generation, function and lifespan of plasma cells and their metabolism, with metabolism being both a main driver and primary consequence of changes in cellular behavior. This review introduces how metabolic programs influence and drive immune cell functions in general and plasma cell differentiation and longevity more specifically, summarizing the current knowledge on metabolic pathways and their influences on cellular fate. In addition, available technologies to profile metabolism and their limitations are discussed, leading to the unique and open technological challenges for further advancement of this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia T M Bucheli
- Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Eyer
- Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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19
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Murata Y, Jo JI, Tabata Y. Molecular Beacon Imaging System to Discriminate the Differentiation State of Cells from Energy Metabolic Pathways. ACS Sens 2023; 8:2207-2218. [PMID: 37253227 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic pathways of energy production play an essential role as a function of cells. It is well recognized that the differentiation state of stem cells is highly associated with their metabolic profile. Therefore, visualization of the energy metabolic pathway makes it possible to discriminate the differentiation state of cells and predict the cell potential for reprogramming and differentiation. However, at present, it is technically difficult to directly assess the metabolic profile of individual living cells. In this study, we developed an imaging system of cationized gelatin nanospheres (cGNS) incorporating molecular beacons (MB) (cGNSMB) to detect intracellular pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) mRNA of key regulators in the energy metabolism. The prepared cGNSMB was readily internalized into mouse embryonic stem cells, while their pluripotency was maintained. The high level of glycolysis in the undifferentiated state, the increased oxidative phosphorylation over the spontaneous early differentiation, and the lineage-specific neural differentiation were visualized based on the MB fluorescence. The fluorescence intensity corresponded well to the change of extracellular acidification rate and the oxygen consumption rate of representative metabolic indicators. These findings indicate that the cGNSMB imaging system is a promising tool to visually discriminate the differentiation state of cells from energy metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Murata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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20
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Joaquina S, Forcados C, Caulier B, Inderberg EM, Wälchli S. Determination of CAR T cell metabolism in an optimized protocol. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1207576. [PMID: 37409169 PMCID: PMC10318902 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1207576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of T cells modified to express chimeric antigenic receptors (CAR) has emerged as a solution to cure refractory malignancies. However, although CAR T cell treatment of haematological cancers has now shown impressive improvement in outcome, solid tumours have been more challenging to control. The latter type is protected by a strong tumour microenvironment (TME) which might impact cellular therapeutic treatments. Indeed, the milieu around the tumour can become particularly inhibitory to T cells by directly affecting their metabolism. Consequently, the therapeutic cells become physically impeded before being able to attack the tumour. It is therefore extremely important to understand the mechanism behind this metabolic break in order to develop TME-resistant CAR T cells. Historically, the measurement of cellular metabolism has been performed at a low throughput which only permitted a limited number of measurements. However, this has been changed by the introduction of real-time technologies which have lately become more popular to study CAR T cell quality. Unfortunately, the published protocols lack uniformity and their interpretation become confusing. We herein tested the essential parameters to perform a metabolic study on CAR T cells and propose a check list of factors that should be set in order to draw sound conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandy Joaquina
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christopher Forcados
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benjamin Caulier
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Cancer Cell Reprogramming (CanCell), Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Else Marit Inderberg
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sébastien Wälchli
- Translational Research Unit, Department of Cellular Therapy, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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21
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Harbin NH, Lustberg DJ, Hurst C, Pare J, Crotty KM, Waters AL, Yeligar SM, Smith Y, Seyfried NT, Weinshenker D, Hepler JR. RGS14 limits seizure-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and pathology in hippocampus. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106128. [PMID: 37075948 PMCID: PMC10259180 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
RGS14 is a complex multifunctional scaffolding protein that is highly enriched within pyramidal cells (PCs) of hippocampal area CA2. In these neurons, RGS14 suppresses glutamate-induced calcium influx and related G protein and ERK signaling in dendritic spines to restrain postsynaptic signaling and plasticity. Previous findings show that, unlike PCs of hippocampal areas CA1 and CA3, CA2 PCs are resistant to a number of neurological insults, including degeneration caused by temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). While RGS14 is protective against peripheral injury, similar roles for RGS14 during pathological injury in hippocampus remain unexplored. Recent studies showed that area CA2 modulates hippocampal excitability, generates epileptiform activity and promotes hippocampal pathology in animal models and patients with TLE. Because RGS14 suppresses CA2 excitability and signaling, we hypothesized that RGS14 would moderate seizure behavior and early hippocampal pathology following seizure activity, possibly affording protection to CA2 PCs. Using kainic acid (KA) to induce status epilepticus (KA-SE) in mice, we show that the loss of RGS14 (RGS14 KO) accelerated onset of limbic motor seizures and mortality compared to wild type (WT) mice, and that KA-SE upregulated RGS14 protein expression in CA2 and CA1 PCs of WT. Our proteomics data show that the loss of RGS14 impacted the expression of a number of proteins at baseline and after KA-SE, many of which associated unexpectedly with mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. RGS14 was shown to localize to the mitochondria in CA2 PCs of mice and reduce mitochondrial respiration in vitro. As a readout of oxidative stress, we found that RGS14 KO dramatically increased 3- nitrotyrosine levels in CA2 PCs, which was greatly exacerbated following KA-SE and correlated with a lack of superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) induction. Assessing for hallmarks of seizure pathology in RGS14 KO, we unexpectedly found no differences in neuronal injury in CA2 PCs. However, we observed a striking and surprising lack of microgliosis in CA1 and CA2 of RGS14 KO compared to WT. Together, our data demonstrate a newly appreciated role for RGS14 in limiting intense seizure activity and pathology in hippocampus. Our findings are consistent with a model where RGS14 limits seizure onset and mortality and, after seizure, is upregulated to support mitochondrial function, prevent oxidative stress in CA2 PCs, and promote microglial activation in hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- N H Harbin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - D J Lustberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - C Hurst
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 4001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - J Pare
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States.
| | - K M Crotty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite H-153, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA 30033, United States.
| | - A L Waters
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - S M Yeligar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Road NE, Suite H-153, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States; Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, 1670 Clairmont Road, Decatur, GA 30033, United States.
| | - Y Smith
- Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954, Gatewood Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States; Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, 12 Executive Park Dr NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States.
| | - N T Seyfried
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 4001 Rollins Research Center, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - D Weinshenker
- Department of Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 301, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
| | - J R Hepler
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1510 Clifton Rd, 5001 Rollins Research Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
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22
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Schulz J, Schilling E, Fabian C, Zenclussen AC, Stojanovska V, Claus C. Dissecting Rubella Placental Infection in an In Vitro Trophoblast Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097894. [PMID: 37175600 PMCID: PMC10178045 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Vertical transmission of rubella virus (RuV) occurs at a high rate during the first trimester of pregnancy. The modes of vertical transmission including the response of trophoblasts to RuV are not well understood. Here, RuV-trophoblast interaction was studied in the BeWo trophoblast cell line. Analysis included early and late time-point kinetics of virus infection rate and the antiviral innate immune response at mRNA and protein level. BeWo characteristics were addressed through metabolic activity by extracellular flux analysis and syncytiotrophoblast formation through incubation with forskolin. We found that RuV infection of BeWo led to profuse type III interferon (IFN) production. Transfecting trophoblast cells with dsRNA analog induced an increase in the production of type I IFN-β and type III IFNs; however, this did not occur in RuV-infected BeWo trophoblasts. IFN-β and to a lesser extent type III IFN-λ1 were inhibitory to RuV. While no significant metabolic alteration was detected, RuV infection reduced the cell number in the monolayer culture in comparison to the mock control and resulted in detached and floating cells. Syncytia formation restricted RuV infection. The use of BeWo as a relevant cell culture model for infection of trophoblasts highlights cytopathogenicity in the absence of a type I IFN response as a pathogenic alteration by RuV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Schulz
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Erik Schilling
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claire Fabian
- Department of Vaccines and Infection Models, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Medical Department II, University Cancer Center Leipzig (UCCL), University of Leipzig Medical Center, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ana Claudia Zenclussen
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Perinatal Immunology Research Group, Saxonian Incubator for Clinical Translation, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Violeta Stojanovska
- Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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23
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Buckley CE, Yin X, Meltzer S, Ree AH, Redalen KR, Brennan L, O'Sullivan J, Lynam-Lennon N. Energy Metabolism Is Altered in Radioresistant Rectal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087082. [PMID: 37108244 PMCID: PMC10138551 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy is a significant clinical challenge in the management of rectal cancer. There is an unmet need to identify the underlying mechanisms of treatment resistance to enable the development of biomarkers predictive of response and novel treatment strategies to improve therapeutic response. In this study, an in vitro model of inherently radioresistant rectal cancer was identified and characterized to identify mechanisms underlying radioresistance in rectal cancer. Transcriptomic and functional analysis demonstrated significant alterations in multiple molecular pathways, including the cell cycle, DNA repair efficiency and upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes in radioresistant SW837 rectal cancer cells. Real-time metabolic profiling demonstrated decreased reliance on glycolysis and enhanced mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity in radioresistant SW837 cells when compared to radiosensitive HCT116 cells. Metabolomic profiling of pre-treatment serum samples from rectal cancer patients (n = 52) identified 16 metabolites significantly associated with subsequent pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy. Thirteen of these metabolites were also significantly associated with overall survival. This study demonstrates, for the first time, a role for metabolic reprograming in the radioresistance of rectal cancer in vitro and highlights a potential role for altered metabolites as novel circulating predictive markers of treatment response in rectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Croí E Buckley
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xiaofei Yin
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sebastian Meltzer
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Anne Hansen Ree
- Department of Oncology, Akershus University Hospital, 1478 Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Kathrine Røe Redalen
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Lorraine Brennan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, UCD Institute of Food and Health, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacintha O'Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh Lynam-Lennon
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D08 NHY1 Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Jin Q, Zhang Y, Cui Y, Shi M, Shi J, Zhu S, Shi T, Zhang R, Chen X, Zong X, Wang C, Li L. PGC 1α-Mediates Mitochondrial Damage in the Liver by Inhibiting the Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain as a Non-cholinergic Mechanism of Repeated Low-Level Soman Exposure. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:563-573. [PMID: 37005300 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to assess whether mitochondrial damage in the liver induced by subacute soman exposure is caused by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) and whether PGC-1α regulates mitochondrial respiratory chain damage. Toxicity mechanism research may provide theoretical support for developing anti-toxic drugs in the future. First, a soman animal model was established in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats by subcutaneous soman injection. Then, liver damage was biochemically evaluated, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was also determined. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to examine liver mitochondrial damage, and high-resolution respirometry was carried out for assessing mitochondrial respiration function. In addition, complex I-IV levels were quantitatively evaluated in isolated liver mitochondria by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PGC-1α levels were detected with a Jess capillary-based immunoassay device. Finally, oxidative stress was analyzed by quantifying superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Repeated low-level soman exposure did not alter AChE activity, while increasing morphological damage of liver mitochondria and liver enzyme levels in rat homogenates. Complex I, II and I + II activities were 2.33, 4.95, and 5.22 times lower after treatment compared with the control group, respectively. Among complexes I-IV, I-III decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and PGC-1α levels were 1.82 times lower after soman exposure than in the control group. Subacute soman exposure significantly increased mitochondrial ROS production, which may cause oxidate stress. These findings indicated dysregulated mitochondrial energy metabolism involves PGC-1α protein expression imbalance, revealing non-cholinergic mechanisms for soman toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Jin
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Yalan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Meng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Jingjing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Siqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Tong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Ruihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Xuejun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | | | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
| | - Liqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian
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25
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Ye Y, Wang M, Wang G, Mai Z, Zhou B, Han Y, Zhuang J, Xia W. lncRNA miR4458HG modulates hepatocellular carcinoma progression by activating m6A-dependent glycolysis and promoting the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:99. [PMID: 36933158 PMCID: PMC11072995 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04741-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play significant roles in different biological functions of cancers. However, their function in the metabolism of glucose in patients with human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains largely unknown. In this study, HCC and paired intact liver tissues were utilized to examine the miR4458HG expression using qRT-PCR and human HCC cell lines to examine cell proliferation, colony formation, and glycolysis after transfection of siRNAs targeting miR4458HG or miR4458HG vectors. The molecular mechanism of miR4458HG was clarified through in situ hybridization, Western blotting, qRT-PCR, RNA pull-down, and RNA immunoprecipitation analysis. The results showed that the miR4458HG affected HCC cell proliferation, activated the glycolysis pathway, and promoted the polarization of tumor-associated macrophage in vitro and in vivo models. Mechanistically, miR4458HG bound IGF2BP2 (a key RNA m6A reader) and facilitated IGF2BP2-mediated target mRNA stability, including HK2 and SLC2A1 (GLUT1), and consequently altered HCC glycolysis and tumor cell physiology. At the same time, HCC-derived miR4458HG could be wrapped in the exosomes and promoted the polarization of tumor-associated macrophage by increasing ARG1 expression. Hence, miR4458HG is oncogenic in nature among patients with HCC. To develop an effective treatment strategy of HCC patients presenting with high glucose metabolism, physicians should focus on miR4458HG and its pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ye
- Central Laboratory, The Seventh People's Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Menghan Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Guoyu Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Zhongchao Mai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Borong Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Yang Han
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Juhua Zhuang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Seventh People's Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 358 Datong Rd, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200137, China.
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Cheng ML, Yang CH, Wu PT, Li YC, Sun HW, Lin G, Ho HY. Malonyl-CoA Accumulation as a Compensatory Cytoprotective Mechanism in Cardiac Cells in Response to 7-Ketocholesterol-Induced Growth Retardation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054418. [PMID: 36901848 PMCID: PMC10002498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The major oxidized product of cholesterol, 7-Ketocholesterol (7KCh), causes cellular oxidative damage. In the present study, we investigated the physiological responses of cardiomyocytes to 7KCh. A 7KCh treatment inhibited the growth of cardiac cells and their mitochondrial oxygen consumption. It was accompanied by a compensatory increase in mitochondrial mass and adaptive metabolic remodeling. The application of [U-13C] glucose labeling revealed an increased production of malonyl-CoA but a decreased formation of hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) in the 7KCh-treated cells. The flux of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle decreased, while that of anaplerotic reaction increased, suggesting a net conversion of pyruvate to malonyl-CoA. The accumulation of malonyl-CoA inhibited the carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) activity, probably accounting for the 7-KCh-induced suppression of β-oxidation. We further examined the physiological roles of malonyl-CoA accumulation. Treatment with the inhibitor of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase, which increased the intracellular malonyl-CoA level, mitigated the growth inhibitory effect of 7KCh, whereas the treatment with the inhibitor of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which reduced malonyl-CoA content, aggravated such a growth inhibitory effect. Knockout of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase gene (Mlycd-/-) alleviated the growth inhibitory effect of 7KCh. It was accompanied by improvement of the mitochondrial functions. These findings suggest that the formation of malonyl-CoA may represent a compensatory cytoprotective mechanism to sustain the growth of 7KCh-treated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hung Yang
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ting Wu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chin Li
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Wei Sun
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Imaging Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yao Ho
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-(3)-2118800 (ext. 3318)
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Prutton KM, Marentette JO, Maclean KN, Roede JR. Characterization of mitochondrial and metabolic alterations induced by trisomy 21 during neural differentiation. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 196:11-21. [PMID: 36638900 PMCID: PMC9898228 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cellular redox state directs differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by energy metabolism control and ROS generation. As oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been extensively reported in Down syndrome (DS), we evaluated mitochondrial phenotypes and energy metabolism during neural differentiation of DS iPSCs to neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Our results indicate early maturation of mitochondrial networks and elevated NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) expression in DS iPSCs. DS cells also fail to transition from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation during differentiation. Specifically, DS NPCs show an increased energetic demand that is limited in their mitochondrial and glycolytic response to mitochondrial distress. Additionally, DS iPSC and NPC non-mitochondrial oxygen consumption was significantly impacted by NOX inhibition. Together, these data build upon previous evidence of accelerated neural differentiation in DS that correlates with cellular redox state. We demonstrate the potential for mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial ROS sources to impact differentiation timing in the context of DS, which could contribute to developmental deficits in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra M Prutton
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - John O Marentette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kenneth N Maclean
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James R Roede
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Scully T, Ettela A, Kase N, LeRoith D, Gallagher EJ. Unregulated LDL cholesterol uptake is detrimental to breast cancer cells. Endocr Relat Cancer 2023; 30:ERC-22-0234. [PMID: 36256855 DOI: 10.1530/erc-22-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor uptake of exogenous cholesterol has been associated with the proliferation of various cancers. Previously, we and others have shown that hypercholesterolemia promotes tumor growth and silencing of the LDL receptor (LDLR) in high LDLR-expressing tumors reduces growth. To advance understanding of how LDL uptake promotes tumor growth, LDLR expression was amplified in breast cancer cell lines with endogenously low LDLR expression. Murine (Mvt1) and human (MDA-MB-468) breast cancer cell lines were transduced to overexpress human LDLR (LDLROE). Successful transduction was confirmed by RNA and protein analysis. Fluorescence-labeled LDL uptake was increased in both Mvt1 and MDA-MD-468 LDLROE cells. The expression of the cholesterol-metabolizing genes, ABCA1 and ABCG1, was increased, while HMGCR was decreased in the MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells. In contrast, Mvt1 LDLROE cells showed no differences in Abca1 and Abcg1 expression and increased Hmgcr expression. Using a Seahorse analyzer, Mvt1 LDLROE cells showed increased respiration (ATP-linked and maximal) relative to controls, while no statistically significant changes in respiration in MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells were observed. Growth of LDLROE cells was reduced in culture and in hypercholesterolemic mice by two-fold. However, the expression of proliferation-associated markers (Ki67, PCNA and BrdU-label incorporation) was not decreased in the Mvt1 LDLROE tumors and cells. Caspase-3 cleavage, which is associated with apoptosis, was increased in both the Mvt1 and MDA-MB-468 LDLROE cells relative to controls, with the Mvt1 LDLROE cells also showing decreased phosphorylation of p44/42MAPK. Taken together, our work suggests that while additional LDL can promote tumor growth, unregulated and prolonged LDL uptake is detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Scully
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abora Ettela
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nathan Kase
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Jane Gallagher
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Disease, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Chen J, Deng JC, Zemans RL, Bahmed K, Kosmider B, Zhang M, Peters-Golden M, Goldstein DR. Age-induced prostaglandin E 2 impairs mitochondrial fitness and increases mortality to influenza infection. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6759. [PMID: 36351902 PMCID: PMC9643978 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34593-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging impairs the immune responses to influenza A virus (IAV), resulting in increased mortality to IAV infections in older adults. However, the factors within the aged lung that compromise host defense to IAV remain unknown. Using a murine model and human samples, we identified prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), as such a factor. Senescent type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) are overproducers of PGE2 within the aged lung. PGE2 impairs the proliferation of alveolar macrophages (AMs), critical cells for defense against respiratory pathogens, via reduction of oxidative phosphorylation and mitophagy. Importantly, blockade of the PGE2 receptor EP2 in aged mice improves AM mitochondrial function, increases AM numbers and enhances survival to IAV infection. In conclusion, our study reveals a key mechanism that compromises host defense to IAV, and possibly other respiratory infections, with aging and suggests potential new therapeutic or preventative avenues to protect against viral respiratory disease in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jane C Deng
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Karim Bahmed
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.,Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Beata Kosmider
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Inflammation, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.,Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Marc Peters-Golden
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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30
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Monsour M, Gorsky A, Nguyen H, Castelli V, Lee JY, Borlongan CV. Enhancing oxidative phosphorylation over glycolysis for energy production in cultured mesenchymal stem cells. Neuroreport 2022; 33:635-640. [PMID: 36126260 PMCID: PMC9477859 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Strokes represent as one of the leading causes of death and disability in the USA, however, there is no optimal treatment to reduce the occurrence or improve prognosis. Preconditioning of tissues triggers ischemic tolerance, a physiological state that may involve a metabolic switch (i.e. from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation or OxPhos) to preserve tissue viability under an ischemic insult. Here, we hypothesized that metabolic switching of energy source from glucose to galactose in cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stands as an effective OxPhos-enhancing strategy. METHODS MSCs were grown under ambient condition (normal MSCs) or metabolic switching paradigm (switched MSCs) and then assayed for oxygen consumption rates (OCR) and extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) using the Seahorse technology to assess mitochondrial respiration. RESULTS Normal MSCs showed a lower OCR/ECAR ratio than switched MSCs at baseline (P < 0.0001), signifying that there were greater levels of OxPhos compared to glycolysis in switched MSCs. By modulating the mitochondrial metabolism with oligomycin (time points 4-6), carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (7-9), and rotenone and antimycin (time points 10-12), switched MSCs greater reliance on OxPhos was further elucidated (time points 5-12; P < 0.0001; time point 4; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The metabolic switch from glycolytic to oxidative metabolism amplifies the OxPhos potential of MSCs, which may allow these cells to afford more robust therapeutic effects against neurological disorders that benefit from ischemic tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Monsour
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine
| | - Anna Gorsky
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Hung Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Vanessa Castelli
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Stress Hormone Corticosterone Controls Metabolic Mitochondrial Performance and Inflammatory Signaling of In Vitro Cultured Sertoli Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092331. [PMID: 36140432 PMCID: PMC9496023 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress, as a physiological response, is a major factor that affects several processes, including reproductive functions. The main hormonal players of stress are cortisol (humans) and corticosterone (rodents). Sertoli cells (SCs), as key contributors for the testicular homeostasis maintenance, are extensively challenged by different hormones, with glucocorticoid corticosterone being the signaling modulator that may impact these cells at different levels. We aimed to characterize how corticosterone modulates SCs energy balance, putting the mitochondrial performance and signaling output in perspective as the cells can disperse to the surroundings. TM4 mouse SCs were cultured in the absence and presence of corticosterone (in nM: 20, 200, and 2000). Cells were assessed for extracellular metabolic fluxes, mitochondrial performance (cell respirometry, mitochondrial potential, and mitochondrial complex expressions and activities), and the expression of androgen and corticosteroid receptors, as well as interleukine-6 (IL-6) and glutathione content. Corticosterone presented a biphasic impact on the extracellular fluxes of metabolites. Low sub-physiological corticosterone stimulated the glycolytic activity of SCs. Still, no alterations were perceived for lactate and alanine production. However, the lactate/alanine ratio was decreased in a dose-dependent mode, opposite to the mitochondrial complex II activity rise and concurrent with the decrease of IL-6 expression levels. Our results suggest that corticosterone finely tuned the energetic profile of mouse SCs, with sub-physiological concentrations promoting glycolytic expenditure, without translating into cell redox power and mitochondrial respiratory chain performance. Corticosterone deeply impacted the expression of the pro-inflammatory IL-6, which may alter cell-to-cell communication in the testis, in the last instance and impact of the spermatogenic performance.
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Neto PM, Nogueira DES, Hashimura Y, Jung S, Pedras B, Berberan-Santos MN, Palmeira T, Lee B, Cabral JMS, Geraldes V, Rodrigues CAV. Characterization of the Aeration and Hydrodynamics in Vertical-Wheel™ Bioreactors. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080386. [PMID: 36004911 PMCID: PMC9405225 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the oxygen transport and hydrodynamic flow of the PBS Vertical-Wheel MINI™ 0.1 bioreactor were characterized using experimental data and computational fluid dynamics simulations. Data acquired from spectroscopy-based oxygenation measurements was compared with data obtained from 3D simulations with a rigid-lid approximation and LES-WALE turbulence modeling, using the open-source software OpenFOAM-8. The mass transfer coefficients were determined for a range of stirring speeds between 10 and 100 rpm and for working volumes between 60 and 100 mL. Additionally, boundary condition, mesh refinement, and temperature variation studies were performed. Lastly, cell size, energy dissipation rate, and shear stress fields were calculated to determine optimal hydrodynamic conditions for culture. The experimental results demonstrate that the kL can be predicted using Sh=1.68Re0.551Sc13G1.18, with a mean absolute error of 2.08%. Using the simulations and a correction factor of 0.473, the expression can be correlated to provide equally valid results. To directly obtain them from simulations, a partial slip boundary condition can be tuned, ensuring better near-surface velocity profiles or, alternatively, by deeply refining the mesh. Temperature variation studies support the use of this correlation for temperatures up to 37 °C by using a Schmidt exponent of 1/3. Finally, the flow was characterized as transitional with diverse mixing mechanisms that ensure homogeneity and suspension quality, and the results obtained are in agreement with previous studies that employed RANS models. Overall, this work provides new data regarding oxygen mass transfer and hydrodynamics in the Vertical-Wheel bioreactor, as well as new insights for air-water mass transfer modeling in systems with low interface deformation, and a computational model that can be used for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M. Neto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Diogo E. S. Nogueira
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Bruno Pedras
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mário N. Berberan-Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Brian Lee
- PBS Biotech, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vitor Geraldes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- CeFEMA—Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (V.G.); (C.A.V.R.)
| | - Carlos A. V. Rodrigues
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- iBB —Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence: (V.G.); (C.A.V.R.)
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Quek LE, van Geldermalsen M, Guan YF, Wahi K, Mayoh C, Balaban S, Pang A, Wang Q, Cowley MJ, Brown KK, Turner N, Hoy AJ, Holst J. Glutamine addiction promotes glucose oxidation in triple-negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:4066-4078. [PMID: 35851845 PMCID: PMC9391225 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Glutamine is a conditionally essential nutrient for many cancer cells, but it remains unclear how consuming glutamine in excess of growth requirements confers greater fitness to glutamine-addicted cancers. By contrasting two breast cancer subtypes with distinct glutamine dependencies, we show that glutamine-indispensable triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells rely on a non-canonical glutamine-to-glutamate overflow, with glutamine carbon routed once through the TCA cycle. Importantly, this single-pass glutaminolysis increases TCA cycle fluxes and replenishes TCA cycle intermediates in TNBC cells, a process that achieves net oxidation of glucose but not glutamine. The coupling of glucose and glutamine catabolism appears hard-wired via a distinct TNBC gene expression profile biased to strip and then sequester glutamine nitrogen, but hampers the ability of TNBC cells to oxidise glucose when glutamine is limiting. Our results provide a new understanding of how metabolically rigid TNBC cells are sensitive to glutamine deprivation and a way to select vulnerable TNBC subtypes that may be responsive to metabolic-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lake-Ee Quek
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
| | - Michelle van Geldermalsen
- Origins of Cancer Program, Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Yi Fang Guan
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Kanu Wahi
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Seher Balaban
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Angel Pang
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Kristin K Brown
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nigel Turner
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Hoy
- School of Medical Sciences, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- School of Medical Sciences and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
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Morani F, Doccini S, Galatolo D, Pezzini F, Soliymani R, Simonati A, Lalowski MM, Gemignani F, Santorelli FM. Integrative Organelle-Based Functional Proteomics: In Silico Prediction of Impaired Functional Annotations in SACS KO Cell Model. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12081024. [PMID: 35892334 PMCID: PMC9331974 DOI: 10.3390/biom12081024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is an inherited neurodegenerative disease characterized by early-onset spasticity in the lower limbs, axonal-demyelinating sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy, and cerebellar ataxia. Our understanding of ARSACS (genetic basis, protein function, and disease mechanisms) remains partial. The integrative use of organelle-based quantitative proteomics and whole-genome analysis proposed in the present study allowed identifying the affected disease-specific pathways, upstream regulators, and biological functions related to ARSACS, which exemplify a rationale for the development of improved early diagnostic strategies and alternative treatment options in this rare condition that currently lacks a cure. Our integrated results strengthen the evidence for disease-specific defects related to bioenergetics and protein quality control systems and reinforce the role of dysregulated cytoskeletal organization in the pathogenesis of ARSACS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Morani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Stefano Doccini
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit—IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy; (S.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Daniele Galatolo
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit—IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy; (S.D.); (D.G.)
| | - Francesco Pezzini
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (F.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Rabah Soliymani
- HiLIFE, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (R.S.); (M.M.L.)
| | - Alessandro Simonati
- Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy; (F.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Maciej M. Lalowski
- HiLIFE, Meilahti Clinical Proteomics Core Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; (R.S.); (M.M.L.)
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, PAS, Department of Biomedical Proteomics, 61-704 Poznań, Poland
| | - Federica Gemignani
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (F.G.)
| | - Filippo M. Santorelli
- Molecular Medicine for Neurodegenerative and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit—IRCCS Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy; (S.D.); (D.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-886311
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35
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Uen W, Tseng T, Wu CP, Lee S. Detachment stress mediated bioenergetic switch of malignant melanoma cells into anti-Warburg phenotype. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:5511-5522. [PMID: 35802540 PMCID: PMC9320547 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
One of the biological features of cancer cells is their aerobic glycolysis by extensive glucose fermentation to harvest energy, so called Warburg effect. Melanoma is one of the most aggressive human cancers with poor prognosis and high mortality for its high metastatic ability. During the metastatic process, the metastatic tumor cells should survive under detachment stress. However, whether the detachment stress could affect the tumor phenotype is worthy to investigate. We had established the cell model of human melanoma cells under detachment stress, which mimicked circulating melanoma. It had been demonstrated that the detachment stress altered melanoma cell activities, malignancy, and drug sensitivity. In this study, we found that adherent melanoma cells were more sensitive to glucose depletion. Gene expression profiling altered expressions of transporters associated with glucose metabolism. In addition, detachment stress reduced lactate secretion owing to the reduced MCT4 and GLUT1 expressions, the altered glycolytic and respiratory capacities, and the increased superoxide production. Detachment stress also increases the sensitivity of melanoma cells toward the blockade of electron transport chains. Investigation of the change in glucose metabolism of melanoma cells under detachment stress would be critical to provide a novel molecular mechanism to develop potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- WuChing Uen
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Shih-Lin, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - TingTing Tseng
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Po Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - ShaoChen Lee
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, Xinzhuang, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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Cha Y, Leblanc P, Hong YJ, Kim KS. Integrative analysis of mitochondrial metabolic dynamics in reprogramming human fibroblast cells. STAR Protoc 2022; 3:101401. [PMID: 35600932 PMCID: PMC9115322 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics play critical roles in both tissue homeostasis and somatic cell reprogramming. Here, we provide integrated guidance for assessing mitochondrial function and dynamics while reprogramming human fibroblasts via an integrated analysis approach. This protocol includes instructions for mitochondrial metabolic analysis in real time and flow cytometry-based assessment of mitochondrial mass and membrane potential. We also describe a protocol for quantification of mitochondrial network and key metabolites. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cha et al. (2021). Protocol for integrative analysis of fibroblast mitochondrial metabolic dynamics Step-by-step guide for assessing different parameters of mitochondrial function Flow cytometry-based analysis of mitochondrial mass and membrane potential
Publisher's note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Cha
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Pierre Leblanc
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Yean Ju Hong
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Kwang-Soo Kim
- Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, McLean Hospital and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
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Olelewe C, Kim JH, Ofori S, Mertens RT, Gukathasan S, Awuah SG. Gold(III)-P-chirogenic complex induces mitochondrial dysfunction in triple-negative breast cancer. iScience 2022; 25:104340. [PMID: 35602949 PMCID: PMC9117869 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical agents that specifically exploit metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer cells will be beneficial but are rare. The role of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in promoting and maintaining triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) growth provides new treatment opportunity. In this work, we describe AuPhos-19, a small-molecule gold(III)-based agent bearing a chiral phosphine ligand that selectively disrupts mitochondrial metabolism in murine and human TNBC cells but not normal epithelial cells. AuPhos-19 induces potent cytotoxic effect with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the nanomolar range (220-650 nM) across different TNBC cell lines. The lipophilic cationic character of AuPhos-19 facilitates interaction with mitochondrial OXPHOS. AuPhos-19 inhibits mitochondria respiration and induces significant AMPK activation. Depolarization of the mitochondria membrane, mitochondria ROS accumulation, and mitochondria DNA depletion provided further indication that AuPhos-19 perturbs mitochondria function. AuPhos-19 inhibits tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. This study highlights the development of gold-based compounds targeting mitochondrial pathways for efficacious cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chibuzor Olelewe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Samuel Ofori
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - Randall T. Mertens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | | | - Samuel G. Awuah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
- Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Innovation, College of Pharmacy and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
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38
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Zdrazilova L, Hansikova H, Gnaiger E. Comparable respiratory activity in attached and suspended human fibroblasts. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264496. [PMID: 35239701 PMCID: PMC8893708 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Measurement of oxygen consumption of cultured cells is widely used for diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases, drug testing, biotechnology, and toxicology. Fibroblasts are cultured in monolayers, but physiological measurements are carried out in suspended or attached cells. We address the question whether respiration differs in attached versus suspended cells using multiwell respirometry (Agilent Seahorse XF24) and high-resolution respirometry (Oroboros O2k), respectively. Respiration of human dermal fibroblasts measured in culture medium was baseline-corrected for residual oxygen consumption and expressed as oxygen flow per cell. No differences were observed between attached and suspended cells in ROUTINE respiration of living cells and LEAK respiration obtained after inhibition of ATP synthase by oligomycin. The electron transfer capacity was higher in the O2k than in the XF24. This could be explained by a limitation to two uncoupler titrations in the XF24 which led to an underestimation compared to multiple titration steps in the O2k. A quantitative evaluation of respiration measured via different platforms revealed that short-term suspension of fibroblasts did not affect respiratory activity and coupling control. Evaluation of results obtained by different platforms provides a test for reproducibility beyond repeatability. Repeatability and reproducibility are required for building a validated respirometric database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Zdrazilova
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- * E-mail: (LZ); (EG)
| | - Hana Hansikova
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Innsbruck, Austria
- * E-mail: (LZ); (EG)
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39
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Kim H, Kamm RD, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Wu JC. Progress in multicellular human cardiac organoids for clinical applications. Cell Stem Cell 2022; 29:503-514. [PMID: 35395186 PMCID: PMC9352318 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Advances in self-organizing cardiac organoids to recapitulate human cardiogenesis have provided a powerful tool for unveiling human cardiac development, studying cardiovascular diseases, testing drugs, and transplantation. Here, we highlight the recent remarkable progress on multicellular cardiac organoids and review the current status for their practical applications. We then introduce key readouts and tools for assessing cardiac organoids for clinical applications, address major challenges, and provide suggestions for each assessment method. Lastly, we discuss the current limitations of cardiac organoids as miniature models of the human heart and suggest a direction for moving forward toward building the mini-heart from cardiac organoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonyu Kim
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Roger D Kamm
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA; Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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40
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Siow WX, Kabiri Y, Tang R, Chao YK, Plesch E, Eberhagen C, Flenkenthaler F, Fröhlich T, Bracher F, Grimm C, Biel M, Zischka H, Vollmar AM, Bartel K. Lysosomal TRPML1 regulates mitochondrial function in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. J Cell Sci 2022; 135:274242. [PMID: 35274126 PMCID: PMC8977057 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), are the second most lethal cancers worldwide and novel therapeutic strategies are still highly needed. Recently, the endolysosomal cation channel TRPML1 has gained focus in cancer research representing an interesting novel target. We utilized the recently developed isoform-selective TRPML1 activator ML1-SA1 and the CRISPR/Cas9 system to generate tools for over-activation and loss-of-function studies on TRPML1 in HCC. After verification of our tools, we investigated the role of TRPML1 in HCC by studying proliferation, apoptosis, and proteomic alterations. Further, we analyzed mitochondrial function in detail, facilitating confocal and transmission electron microscopy, combined with SeahorseTM and Oroboros® functional analysis. We report that TRPML1 over-activation by a novel, isoform-selective, low-molecular activator induces apoptosis by impairing mitochondrial function calcium dependently. Additionally, TRPML1 loss-of-function deregulates mitochondrial renewal, which leads to proliferation impairment. Thus, our study reveals a novel role for TRPML1 as regulator of mitochondrial function and its modulators as promising molecules for novel therapeutic options in HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong Siow
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yaschar Kabiri
- Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, D-80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Rachel Tang
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yu-Kai Chao
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Plesch
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Carola Eberhagen
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Florian Flenkenthaler
- Gene Center, Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Gene Center, Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis, Ludwig Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Grimm
- Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmacology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Hans Zischka
- Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Biedersteiner Strasse 29, D-80802 Munich, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Angelika M Vollmar
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Bartel
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Pharmaceutical Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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41
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Fattahi E, Taheri S, Schilling AF, Becker T, Pörtner R. Generation and evaluation of input values for computational analysis of transport processes within tissue cultures. Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:681-698. [PMID: 36348656 PMCID: PMC9635004 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202100128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Techniques for tissue culture have seen significant advances during the last decades and novel 3D cell culture systems have become available. To control their high complexity, experimental techniques and their Digital Twins (modelling and computational tools) are combined to link different variables to process conditions and critical process parameters. This allows a rapid evaluation of the expected product quality. However, the use of mathematical simulation and Digital Twins is critically dependent on the precise description of the problem and correct input parameters. Errors here can lead to dramatically wrong conclusions. The intention of this review is to provide an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art and remaining challenges with respect to generating input values for computational analysis of mass and momentum transport processes within tissue cultures. It gives an overview on relevant aspects of transport processes in tissue cultures as well as modelling and computational tools to tackle these problems. Further focus is on techniques used for the determination of cell‐specific parameters and characterization of culture systems, including sensors for on‐line determination of relevant parameters. In conclusion, tissue culture techniques are well‐established, and modelling tools are technically mature. New sensor technologies are on the way, especially for organ chips. The greatest remaining challenge seems to be the proper addressing and handling of input parameters required for mathematical models. Following Good Modelling Practice approaches when setting up and validating computational models is, therefore, essential to get to better estimations of the interesting complex processes inside organotypic tissue cultures in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Fattahi
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology TUM School of Life Sciences Technische Universität München Freising Germany
| | - Shahed Taheri
- Department of Trauma Surgery Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Arndt F. Schilling
- Department of Trauma Surgery Orthopaedics and Plastic Surgery University Medical Center Göttingen Göttingen Germany
| | - Thomas Becker
- Chair of Brewing and Beverage Technology TUM School of Life Sciences Technische Universität München Freising Germany
| | - Ralf Pörtner
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
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42
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Wald ME, Sieg M, Schilling E, Binder M, Vahlenkamp TW, Claus C. The Interferon Response Dampens the Usutu Virus Infection-Associated Increase in Glycolysis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:823181. [PMID: 35186796 PMCID: PMC8855070 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.823181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito-borne Usutu virus (USUV) is a zoonotic flavivirus and an emerging pathogen. So far therapeutical options or vaccines are not available in human and veterinary medicine. The bioenergetic profile based on extracellular flux analysis revealed an USUV infection-associated significant increase in basal and stressed glycolysis on Vero and with a tendency for basal glycolysis on the avian cell line TME-R derived from Eurasian blackbirds. On both cell lines this was accompanied by a significant drop in the metabolic potential of glycolysis. Moreover, glycolysis contributed to production of virus progeny, as inhibition of glycolysis with 2-deoxy-D-glucose reduced virus yield on Vero by one log10 step. Additionally, the increase in glycolysis observed on Vero cells after USUV infection was lost after the addition of exogenous type I interferon (IFN) β. To further explore the contribution of the IFN response pathway to the impact of USUV on cellular metabolism, USUV infection was characterized on human A549 respiratory cells with a knockout of the type I IFN receptor, either solely or together with the receptor of type III IFN. Notably, only the double knockout of types I and III IFN receptor increased permissiveness to USUV and supported viral replication together with an alteration of the glycolytic activity, namely an increase in basal glycolysis to an extent that a further increase after injection of metabolic stressors during extracellular flux analysis was not noted. This study provides evidence for glycolysis as a possible target for therapeutic intervention of USUV replication. Moreover, presented data highlight type I and type III IFN system as a determinant for human host cell permissiveness and for the infection-associated impact on glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabeth Wald
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael Sieg
- Institute of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erik Schilling
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Binder
- Research Group “Dynamics of early viral infection and the innate antiviral response”, Division “Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis”, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Claus
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Virology, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Claudia Claus,
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Toro R, Pérez-Serra A, Mangas A, Campuzano O, Sarquella-Brugada G, Quezada-Feijoo M, Ramos M, Alcalá M, Carrera E, García-Padilla C, Franco D, Bonet F. miR-16-5p Suppression Protects Human Cardiomyocytes against Endoplasmic Reticulum and Oxidative Stress-Induced Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031036. [PMID: 35162959 PMCID: PMC8834785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress, defined as the excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) relative to antioxidant defense, plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has emerged as an important source of ROS and its modulation could be cardioprotective. Previously, we demonstrated that miR-16-5p is enriched in the plasma of ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients and promotes ER stress-induced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes in vitro. Here, we hypothesize that miR-16-5p might contribute to oxidative stress through ER stress induction and that targeting miR-16-5p may exert a cardioprotective role in ER stress-mediated cardiac injury. Analysis of oxidative markers in the plasma of ICM patients demonstrates that oxidative stress is associated with ICM. Moreover, we confirm that miR-16-5p overexpression promotes oxidative stress in AC16 cardiomyoblasts. We also find that, in response to tunicamycin-induced ER stress, miR-16-5p suppression decreases apoptosis, inflammation and cardiac damage via activating the ATF6-mediated cytoprotective pathway. Finally, ATF6 is identified as a direct target gene of miR-16-5p by dual-luciferase reporter assays. Our results indicate that miR-16-5p promotes ER stress and oxidative stress in cardiac cells through regulating ATF6, suggesting that the inhibition of miR-16-5p has potential as a therapeutic approach to protect the heart against ER and oxidative stress-induced injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Toro
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (F.B.)
| | - Alexandra Pérez-Serra
- Cardiology Service, Hospital Josep Trueta, University of Girona, 17007 Girona, Spain;
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain;
| | - Alipio Mangas
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Internal Medicine Department, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
| | - Oscar Campuzano
- Cardiovascular Genetics Center, University of Girona-IDIBGI, 17190 Girona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
| | - Georgia Sarquella-Brugada
- Medical Science Department, School of Medicine, University of Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain;
- Arrhythmias Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Quezada-Feijoo
- Cardiology Department Hospital Cruz Roja, Alfonso X University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (M.Q.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Mónica Ramos
- Cardiology Department Hospital Cruz Roja, Alfonso X University, 28003 Madrid, Spain; (M.Q.-F.); (M.R.)
| | - Martin Alcalá
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.)
| | - Esther Carrera
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad CEU-San Pablo, CEU Universities, 28668 Madrid, Spain; (M.A.); (E.C.)
| | - Carlos García-Padilla
- Departamento de Anatomia, Embriologia y Zoologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain;
| | - Diego Franco
- Departamento de Biologia Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain;
- Medina Foundation, Technology Park of Health Sciences, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Fernando Bonet
- Medicine Department, School of Medicine, University of Cádiz (UCA), 11003 Cádiz, Spain;
- Research Unit, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Puerta del Mar University Hospital, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.T.); (F.B.)
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A New Strategy to Preserve and Assess Oxygen Consumption in Murine Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010109. [PMID: 35008535 PMCID: PMC8745047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions are implicated in several pathologies, such as metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, and neurological diseases, as well as in cancer and aging. These metabolic alterations are usually assessed in human or murine samples by mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymatic assays, by measuring the oxygen consumption of intact mitochondria isolated from tissues, or from cells obtained after physical or enzymatic disruption of the tissues. However, these methodologies do not maintain tissue multicellular organization and cell-cell interactions, known to influence mitochondrial metabolism. Here, we develop an optimal model to measure mitochondrial oxygen consumption in heart and lung tissue samples using the XF24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer (Seahorse) and discuss the advantages and limitations of this technological approach. Our results demonstrate that tissue organization, as well as mitochondrial ultrastructure and respiratory function, are preserved in heart and lung tissues freshly processed or after overnight conservation at 4 °C. Using this method, we confirmed the repeatedly reported obesity-associated mitochondrial dysfunction in the heart and extended it to the lungs. We set up and validated a new strategy to optimally assess mitochondrial function in murine tissues. As such, this method is of great potential interest for monitoring mitochondrial function in cohort samples.
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45
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Dietrich O, Heinz A, Goldmann O, Geffers R, Beineke A, Hiller K, Saliba AE, Medina E. Dysregulated Immunometabolism Is Associated with the Generation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Staphylococcus aureus Chronic Infection. J Innate Immun 2021; 14:257-274. [PMID: 34763332 DOI: 10.1159/000519306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a compendium of immature myeloid cells that exhibit potent T-cell suppressive capacity and expand during pathological conditions such as cancer and chronic infections. Although well-characterized in cancer, the physiology of MDSCs in the infection setting remains enigmatic. Here, we integrated single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and functional metabolic profiling to gain deeper insights into the factors governing the generation and maintenance of MDSCs in chronic Staphylococcus aureus infection. We found that MDSCs originate not only in the bone marrow but also at extramedullary sites in S. aureus-infected mice. scRNA-seq showed that infection-driven MDSCs encompass a spectrum of myeloid precursors in different stages of differentiation, ranging from promyelocytes to mature neutrophils. Furthermore, the scRNA-seq analysis has also uncovered valuable phenotypic markers to distinguish mature myeloid cells from immature MDSCs. Metabolic profiling indicates that MDSCs exhibit high glycolytic activity and high glucose consumption rates, which are required for undergoing terminal maturation. However, rapid glucose consumption by MDSCs added to infection-induced perturbations in the glucose supplies in infected mice hinders the terminal maturation of MDSCs and promotes their accumulation in an immature stage. In a proof-of-concept in vivo experiment, we demonstrate the beneficial effect of increasing glucose availability in promoting MDSC terminal differentiation in infected mice. Our results provide valuable information of how metabolic alterations induced by infection influence reprogramming and differentiation of MDSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Dietrich
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Heinz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry and Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Goldmann
- Infection Immunology Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genome Analytics, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Andreas Beineke
- Department of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry and Braunschweig Integrated Center of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Computational Biology of Infection Research, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba
- Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Eva Medina
- Infection Immunology Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
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46
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Mostafavi S, Balafkan N, Pettersen IKN, Nido GS, Siller R, Tzoulis C, Sullivan GJ, Bindoff LA. Distinct Mitochondrial Remodeling During Mesoderm Differentiation in a Human-Based Stem Cell Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:744777. [PMID: 34722525 PMCID: PMC8553110 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.744777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the considerable interest in using stem cells for modeling and treating disease, it is essential to understand what regulates self-renewal and differentiation. Remodeling of mitochondria and metabolism, with the shift from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), plays a fundamental role in maintaining pluripotency and stem cell fate. It has been suggested that the metabolic “switch” from glycolysis to OXPHOS is germ layer-specific as glycolysis remains active during early ectoderm commitment but is downregulated during the transition to mesoderm and endoderm lineages. How mitochondria adapt during these metabolic changes and whether mitochondria remodeling is tissue specific remain unclear. Here, we address the question of mitochondrial adaptation by examining the differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to cardiac progenitors and further to differentiated mesodermal derivatives, including functional cardiomyocytes. In contrast to recent findings in neuronal differentiation, we found that mitochondrial content decreases continuously during mesoderm differentiation, despite increased mitochondrial activity and higher levels of ATP-linked respiration. Thus, our work highlights similarities in mitochondrial remodeling during the transition from pluripotent to multipotent state in ectodermal and mesodermal lineages, while at the same time demonstrating cell-lineage-specific adaptations upon further differentiation. Our results improve the understanding of how mitochondrial remodeling and the metabolism interact during mesoderm differentiation and show that it is erroneous to assume that increased OXPHOS activity during differentiation requires a simultaneous expansion of mitochondrial content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Mostafavi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Novin Balafkan
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT)-Centre of Excellence, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Gonzalo S Nido
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Richard Siller
- Stem Cell Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Charalampos Tzoulis
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gareth J Sullivan
- Stem Cell Epigenetics Laboratory, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Oslo University Hospital and the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Hybrid Technology Hub-Centre of Excellence, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Neuro-SysMed, Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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47
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Jansson MD, Häfner SJ, Altinel K, Tehler D, Krogh N, Jakobsen E, Andersen JV, Andersen KL, Schoof EM, Ménard P, Nielsen H, Lund AH. Regulation of translation by site-specific ribosomal RNA methylation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2021; 28:889-899. [PMID: 34759377 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-021-00669-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ribosomes are complex ribozymes that interpret genetic information by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Natural variation in ribosome composition has been documented in several organisms and can arise from several different sources. A key question is whether specific control over ribosome heterogeneity represents a mechanism by which translation can be regulated. We used RiboMeth-seq to demonstrate that differential 2'-O-methylation of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) represents a considerable source of ribosome heterogeneity in human cells, and that modification levels at distinct sites can change dynamically in response to upstream signaling pathways, such as MYC oncogene expression. Ablation of one prominent methylation resulted in altered translation of select mRNAs and corresponding changes in cellular phenotypes. Thus, differential rRNA 2'-O-methylation can give rise to ribosomes with specialized function. This suggests a broader mechanism where the specific regulation of rRNA modification patterns fine tunes translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin D Jansson
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Sophia J Häfner
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kübra Altinel
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Disa Tehler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolai Krogh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emil Jakobsen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens V Andersen
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kasper L Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erwin M Schoof
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Patrice Ménard
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Nielsen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anders H Lund
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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48
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Kenvin S, Torregrosa-Muñumer R, Reidelbach M, Pennonen J, Turkia JJ, Rannila E, Kvist J, Sainio MT, Huber N, Herukka SK, Haapasalo A, Auranen M, Trokovic R, Sharma V, Ylikallio E, Tyynismaa H. Threshold of heteroplasmic truncating MT-ATP6 mutation in reprogramming, Notch hyperactivation and motor neuron metabolism. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 31:958-974. [PMID: 34635923 PMCID: PMC8947243 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in mitochondrial DNA encoded subunit of ATP synthase, MT-ATP6, are frequent causes of neurological mitochondrial diseases with a range of phenotypes from Leigh syndrome and NARP to ataxias and neuropathies. Here we investigated the functional consequences of an unusual heteroplasmic truncating mutation m.9154C>T in MT-ATP6, which caused peripheral neuropathy, ataxia and IgA nephropathy. ATP synthase not only generates cellular ATP, but its dimerization is required for mitochondrial cristae formation. Accordingly, the MT-ATP6 truncating mutation impaired the assembly of ATP synthase and disrupted cristae morphology, supporting our molecular dynamics simulations that predicted destabilized a/c subunit subcomplex. Next, we modeled the effects of the truncating mutation using patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells. Unexpectedly, depending on mutation heteroplasmy level, the truncation showed multiple threshold effects in cellular reprogramming, neurogenesis and in metabolism of mature motor neurons (MN). Interestingly, MN differentiation beyond progenitor stage was impaired by Notch hyperactivation in the MT-ATP6 mutant, but not by rotenone-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that altered mitochondrial morphology contributed to Notch hyperactivation. Finally, we also identified a lower mutation threshold for a metabolic shift in mature MN, affecting lactate utilization, which may be relevant for understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial involvement in peripheral motor neuropathies. These results establish a critical and disease-relevant role for ATP synthase in human cell fate decisions and neuronal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Kenvin
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ruben Torregrosa-Muñumer
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jana Pennonen
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jeremi J Turkia
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Erika Rannila
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jouni Kvist
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Markus T Sainio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nadine Huber
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna-Kaisa Herukka
- Department of Neurology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Annakaisa Haapasalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mari Auranen
- Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Ras Trokovic
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vivek Sharma
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Finland.,HiLIFE Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Emil Ylikallio
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Clinical Neurosciences, Neurology, Helsinki University Hospital, Finland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland.,Neuroscience Center, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Finland
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49
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Gallardo-Pérez JC, de Guevara AAL, García-Amezcua MA, Robledo-Cadena DX, Pacheco-Velázquez SC, Belmont-Díaz JA, Vargas-Navarro JL, Moreno-Sánchez R, Rodríguez-Enríquez S. Celecoxib and dimethylcelecoxib block oxidative phosphorylation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasiveness in breast cancer stem cells. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:2719-2735. [PMID: 34636290 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666211005124015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug resistance and invasiveness developed by breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) are considered the major hurdles for successful cancer treatment. <P> Objective: As these two processes are highly energy-dependent, the identification of the main ATP supplier required for stem cell viability may result advantageous in the design of new therapeutic strategies to deter malignant carcinomas. <P> Methods: The energy metabolism (glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, OxPhos) was systematically analyzed by assessing relevant protein contents, enzyme activities and pathway fluxes in BCSC. Once identified the main ATP supplier, selective energy inhibitors and canonical breast cancer drugs were used to block stem cell viability and their metastatic properties. <P> Results: OxPhos and glycolytic protein contents, as well as HK and LDH activities were several times higher in BCSC than in their parental line, MCF-7 cells. However, CS, GDH, COX activities and both energy metabolism pathway fluxes were significantly lower (38-86%) in BCSC than in MCF-7 cells. OxPhos was the main ATP provider (>85%) in BCSC. Accordingly, oligomycin (a specific and potent canonical OxPhos inhibitor) and other non-canonical drugs with inhibitory effect on OxPhos (celecoxib, dimethylcelecoxib) significantly decreased BCSC viability, levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition proteins, invasiveness, and induced ROS over-production, with IC50 values ranging from 1 to 20 µM in 24 h treatment. In contrast, glycolytic inhibitors (gossypol, iodoacetic acid, 3-bromopyruvate, 2-deoxyglucose) and canonical chemotherapeutic drugs (paclitaxel, doxorubicin, cisplatin) were much less effective against BCSC viability (IC50> 100 µM). <P> Conclusion: These results indicated that the use of some NSAIDs may be a promising alternative therapeutic strategy to target BCSC.
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50
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Shimura D, Nuebel E, Baum R, Valdez SE, Xiao S, Warren JS, Palatinus JA, Hong T, Rutter J, Shaw RM. Protective mitochondrial fission induced by stress-responsive protein GJA1-20k. eLife 2021; 10:69207. [PMID: 34608863 PMCID: PMC8492060 DOI: 10.7554/elife.69207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Connexin43 gap junction gene GJA1 has one coding exon, but its mRNA undergoes internal translation to generate N-terminal truncated isoforms of Connexin43 with the predominant isoform being only 20 kDa in size (GJA1-20k). Endogenous GJA1-20k protein is not membrane bound and has been found to increase in response to ischemic stress, localize to mitochondria, and mimic ischemic preconditioning protection in the heart. However, it is not known how GJA1-20k benefits mitochondria to provide this protection. Here, using human cells and mice, we identify that GJA1-20k polymerizes actin around mitochondria which induces focal constriction sites. Mitochondrial fission events occur within about 45 s of GJA1-20k recruitment of actin. Interestingly, GJA1-20k mediated fission is independent of canonical Dynamin-Related Protein 1 (DRP1). We find that GJA1-20k-induced smaller mitochondria have decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and, in hearts, provide potent protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury. The results indicate that stress responsive internally translated GJA1-20k stabilizes polymerized actin filaments to stimulate non-canonical mitochondrial fission which limits ischemic-reperfusion induced myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Shimura
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Esther Nuebel
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Noorda College of Osteopathic Medicine, Provo, United States
| | - Rachel Baum
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Steven E Valdez
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Shaohua Xiao
- Department of Neurology, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Junco S Warren
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Joseph A Palatinus
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - TingTing Hong
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Jared Rutter
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States.,Diabetes and Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
| | - Robin M Shaw
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, United States
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