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Li Y, Xie J, Du X, Chen Y, Wang C, Liu T, Yi Z, Wang Y, Zhao M, Li X, Shi S. Oridonin, a small molecule inhibitor of cancer stem cell with potent cytotoxicity and differentiation potential. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 975:176656. [PMID: 38754536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive malignant tumor progression, recurrence, and metastasis with unique characteristics, including self-renewal and resistance to conventional treatments. Conventional differentiation inducers, although promising, have limited cytotoxicity and may inadvertently enhance CSC stemness. To address these challenges, ongoing efforts are dedicated to developing strategies that can effectively combine both cytotoxicity and differentiation-inducing effects. In this study, we introduce oridonin (Ori), a small molecule with dual differentiation-inducing and cytotoxicity properties capable of eliminating tumor CSCs. We isolated CSCs in B16F10 cells using the Hoechst side population method and assessed the differentiation effect of Ori. Ori's differentiation-inducing effect was further evaluated using human acute promyelocytic leukemia. The cytotoxic potential of Ori against MCF-7 and B16F10 cell lines was assessed through various methods. In vivo anti-tumor and anti-CSC efficacy of Ori was investigated using mouse melanoma and CSCs melanoma models. Safety evaluation included zebrafish embryotoxicity and mouse acute toxicity experiments. As a result, Ori effectively dismantles tumorspheres, inhibits proliferation, and reduces the expression of CSC-specific markers. It induces significant differentiation, especially in the case of NB4. Additionally, Ori upregulates TP53 expression, mitigates the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, suppresses stemness, and inhibits PD-L1 expression, prompting a robust anti-cancer immune response. Ori demonstrates pronounced cytotoxicity, inducing notable pro-apoptotic effects on B16F10 and MCF-7 cells, with specific triggering of mitochondrial apoptosis. Importantly, Ori maintains a commendable biosafety record. The dual-action prowess of Ori not only induces the differentiation of CSCs but also dispatches differentiated and residual tumor cells, effectively thwarting the relentless march of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuke Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinjin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiwen Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengnan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Sanjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Zukauskaite R, Kristensen MH, Eriksen JG, Johansen J, Samsøe E, Johnsen L, Lønkvist CK, Grau C, Hansen CR. Comparison of 3-year local control using DAHANCA radiotherapy guidelines before and after implementation of five millimetres geometrical GTV to high-dose CTV margin. Radiother Oncol 2024; 196:110284. [PMID: 38636711 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Treatment planning using a five-millimetre geometrical margin from GTV to high-dose CTV (CTV1) has been used in DAHANCA treatment centres since 2013. We aimed to evaluate changes in CTV1 volumes, local control (LC), and recurrence pattern after the implementation of five-millimetre geometrical margins nationally. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1,948 patients with pharyngeal, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas completed definitive IMRT-based treatment in 2010-2012 and 2013-2015 in three centres. The patient-specific margin was calculated as median surface distance from primary tumour GTV (GTV-T) to CTV1. Radiologically verified local recurrences were analysed using a centre of mass (COM) of the delineated recurrence volume, measuring the shortest distance between COM to GTV-T and CTV1 boundaries. RESULTS Median GTV-CTV1 was 0.9 (0.0-0.97) and 0.47 cm (0.4-0.5) for 2010-2012 and 2013-2015, respectively. Median CTV1 changed in three centres from 76, 28, 42 cm3 to 61, 53, 62 cm3 for 2010-2012 and 2013-2015, respectively. Local failures occurred at 247 patients during first three years after radiotherapy. The 3-year LC rate for 2010-2012 and 2013-2015 was 0.84 and 0.87 (p = 0.06). Out of 146 radiology-verified analysable local recurrences, 102 (69.9%) were inside the CTV1. In 74.6% and 91% of cases, the LRs were covered by 95% isodose in 2010-2012 and 2013-2015, respectively. CONCLUSION DAHANCA radiotherapy guidelines based on a geometrically generated isotropic CTV1 margin led to less variation in treatment volumes and between centres than previous guidelines. The transition towards consensus GTV-CTV1 margins did not influence local tumour control. The majority of local recurrences were inside CTV1 and covered by the prescription dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Zukauskaite
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
| | | | - Jesper Grau Eriksen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Eva Samsøe
- Department of Oncology, Zealand University Hospital, Næstved, Denmark
| | - Lars Johnsen
- Laboratory of Radiation Physics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Camilla Kjær Lønkvist
- Department of Oncology, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cai Grau
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Christian Rønn Hansen
- Laboratory of Radiation Physics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Chakrabarti D, Qayoom S, Srivastava K, Resu AV, Kukreja D, Goel MM, Singh US, Akhtar N, Rajan S, Verma M, Gupta R, Bhatt MLB. Cancer stem cell biomarkers SOX2 and Oct4 in cervical cancer patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2024; 20:407-415. [PMID: 38403883 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cell biomarkers SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) and octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) account for radioresistance in cervical squamous cell cancers (CSCCs). Their clinical implications are limited and contradictory. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, we recruited patients with FIGO IB2-IVA CSCC treated with primary chemoradiotherapy on regular follow-up. Tissue biopsy specimens were evaluated for SOX2 and Oct4 expression by immunohistochemistry, quantified by a product of proportion and intensity scores. RESULTS A total of 59 patients were included. Most had a moderately differentiated (81%), keratinizing (59%) CSCC, and ≥FIGO stage IIB disease (95%). SOX2 expression (high:low 21:38 patients) and Oct4 expression (high:low 4:55 patients) had a significant interrelation (p = 0.005, odds ratio (95% CI) - 1.23 (1.004-1.520)). At a median follow-up of 36 months, the 3-year overall survival (OS) was 60% and 53% for low and high SOX2 expression (p = 0.856), and 54% and 100% for low and high Oct4 expression (p = 0.114). The 3-year disease-frese survival (DFS) was 65% and 50% in the low and high SOX2 expression (p = 0.259), and 59% and 75% for low and high Oct4 expression (p = 0.598). SOX2 expression was the only variable significantly associated with a lower OS and DFS on regression analysis. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated a trend toward improved OS and DFS with low SOX2 and high Oct4 expression in CSCC patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deep Chakrabarti
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
- The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Sutton, UK
| | - Sumaira Qayoom
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Kirti Srivastava
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Abigail Veravolu Resu
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Super Speciality Cancer Institute & Hospital, Lucknow, India
| | - Divya Kukreja
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Madhu Mati Goel
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
- Laboratory Medicine, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India
| | - U S Singh
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Naseem Akhtar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shiv Rajan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mranalini Verma
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Radiotherapy, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Jézéquel P, Lasla H, Gouraud W, Basseville A, Michel B, Frenel JS, Juin PP, Ben Azzouz F, Campone M. Mesenchymal-like immune-altered is the fourth robust triple-negative breast cancer molecular subtype. Breast Cancer 2024:10.1007/s12282-024-01597-z. [PMID: 38777987 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust molecular subtyping of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a prerequisite for the success of precision medicine. Today, there is a clear consensus on three TNBC molecular subtypes: luminal androgen receptor (LAR), basal-like immune-activated (BLIA), and basal-like immune-suppressed (BLIS). However, the debate about the robustness of other subtypes is still open. METHODS An unprecedented number (n = 1942) of TNBC patient data was collected. Microarray- and RNAseq-based cohorts were independently investigated. Unsupervised analyses were conducted using k-means consensus clustering. Clusters of patients were then functionally annotated using different approaches. Prediction of response to chemotherapy and targeted therapies, immune checkpoint blockade, and radiotherapy were also screened for each TNBC subtype. RESULTS Four TNBC subtypes were identified in the cohort: LAR (19.36%); mesenchymal stem-like (MSL/MES) (17.35%); BLIA (31.06%); and BLIS (32.23%). Regarding the MSL/MES subtype, we suggest renaming it to mesenchymal-like immune-altered (MLIA) to emphasize its specific histological background and nature of immune response. Treatment response prediction results show, among other things, that despite immune activation, immune checkpoint blockade is probably less or completely ineffective in MLIA, possibly caused by mesenchymal background and/or an enrichment in dysfunctional cytotoxic T lymphocytes. TNBC subtyping results were included in the bc-GenExMiner v5.0 webtool ( http://bcgenex.ico.unicancer.fr ). CONCLUSION The mesenchymal TNBC subtype is characterized by an exhausted and altered immune response, and resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Consensus for molecular classification of TNBC subtyping and prediction of cancer treatment responses helps usher in the era of precision medicine for TNBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Jézéquel
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France.
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France.
- Équipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre Le Cancer CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France.
| | - Hamza Lasla
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Wilfried Gouraud
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Agnès Basseville
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France
| | - Bertrand Michel
- Nantes Université, École Centrale Nantes, CNRS, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Jean Leray, LMJL, UMR 6629, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Frenel
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
- Équipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre Le Cancer CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Philippe P Juin
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
- Équipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre Le Cancer CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
| | | | - Mario Campone
- Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest, 44805, Saint Herblain, France
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
- Équipe Labellisée LIGUE Contre Le Cancer CRCI2NA, 44000, Nantes, France
- Université d'Angers, 49000, Angers, France
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Arevalo-Perez J, Trang A, Yllera-Contreras E, Yildirim O, Saha A, Young R, Lyo J, Peck KK, Holodny AI. Longitudinal Evaluation of DCE-MRI as an Early Indicator of Progression after Standard Therapy in Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1839. [PMID: 38791921 PMCID: PMC11119591 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Distinguishing treatment-induced imaging changes from progressive disease has important implications for avoiding inappropriate discontinuation of a treatment. Our goal in this study is to evaluate the utility of dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) perfusion MRI as a biomarker for the early detection of progression. We hypothesize that DCE-MRI may have the potential as an early predictor for the progression of disease in GBM patients when compared to the current standard of conventional MRI. Methods: We identified 26 patients from 2011 to 2023 with newly diagnosed primary glioblastoma by histopathology and gross or subtotal resection of the tumor. Then, we classified them into two groups: patients with progression of disease (POD) confirmed by pathology or change in chemotherapy and patients with stable disease without evidence of progression or need for therapy change. Finally, at least three DCE-MRI scans were performed prior to POD for the progression cohort, and three consecutive DCE-MRI scans were performed for those with stable disease. The volume of interest (VOI) was delineated by a neuroradiologist to measure the maximum values for Ktrans and plasma volume (Vp). A Friedman test was conducted to evaluate the statistical significance of the parameter changes between scans. Results: The mean interval between subsequent scans was 57.94 days, with POD-1 representing the first scan prior to POD and POD-3 representing the third scan. The normalized maximum Vp values for POD-3, POD-2, and POD-1 are 1.40, 1.86, and 3.24, respectively (FS = 18.00, p = 0.0001). It demonstrates that Vp max values are progressively increasing in the three scans prior to POD when measured by routine MRI scans. The normalized maximum Ktrans values for POD-1, POD-2, and POD-3 are 0.51, 0.09, and 0.51, respectively (FS = 1.13, p < 0.57). Conclusions: Our analysis of the longitudinal scans leading up to POD significantly correlated with increasing plasma volume (Vp). A longitudinal study for tumor perfusion change demonstrated that DCE perfusion could be utilized as an early predictor of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Arevalo-Perez
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andy Trang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Elena Yllera-Contreras
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
| | - Onur Yildirim
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Atin Saha
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Robert Young
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John Lyo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kyung K. Peck
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andrei I. Holodny
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA; (A.T.); (E.Y.-C.); (O.Y.); (A.S.); (R.Y.); (K.K.P.); (A.I.H.)
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Brain Tumor Center, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Weill-Cornell Graduate School of the Medical Sciences, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Yu N, Zhou J, Ding M, Li M, Peng S, Li J. Sono-Triggered Cascade Lactate Depletion by Semiconducting Polymer Nanoreactors for Cuproptosis-Immunotherapy of Pancreatic Cancer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202405639. [PMID: 38708791 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The high level of lactate in tumor microenvironment not only promotes tumor development and metastasis, but also induces immune escape, which often leads to failures of various tumor therapy strategies. We here report a sono-triggered cascade lactate depletion strategy by using semiconducting polymer nanoreactors (SPNLCu) for cancer cuproptosis-immunotherapy. The SPNLCu mainly contain a semiconducting polymer as sonosensitizer, lactate oxidase (LOx) conjugated via a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-cleavable linker and chelated Cu2+. Upon ultrasound (US) irradiation, the semiconducting polymer generates singlet oxygen (1O2) to cut ROS-cleavable linker to allow the release of LOx that catalyzes lactate depletion to produce hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The Cu2+ will be reduced to Cu+ in tumor microenvironment, which reacts with the produced H2O2 to obtain hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) that further improves LOx release via destroying ROS-cleavable linkers. As such, sono-triggered cascade release of LOx achieves effective lactate depletion, thus relieving immunosuppressive roles of lactate. Moreover, the toxic Cu+ induces cuproptosis to cause immunogenic cell death (ICD) for activating antitumor immunological effect. SPNLCu are used to treat both subcutaneous and deep-tissue orthotopic pancreatic cancer with observably enhanced efficacy in restricting the tumor growths. This study thus provides a precise and effective lactate depletion tactic for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningyue Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jianhui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Mengbin Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Shaojun Peng
- Center for Biological Science and Technology & College of Arts and Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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Kristensen MH, Holm AIS, Hansen CR, Zukauskaite R, Samsøe E, Maare C, Johansen J, Primdahl H, Bratland Å, Kristensen CA, Andersen M, Overgaard J, Eriksen JG. High-dose loco-regional pattern of failure after primary radiotherapy in p16 positive and negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - A DAHANCA 19 study. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2024; 46:100772. [PMID: 38596816 PMCID: PMC11002542 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2024.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with failure after primary radiotherapy (RT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have a poor prognosis. This study investigates pattern of failure after primary curatively intended IMRT in a randomized controlled trial in relation to HPV/p16 status. Material and methods Patients with HNSCC of the oral cavity, oropharynx (OPSCC), hypopharynx or larynx were treated with primary curative IMRT (+/-cisplatin) and concomitant nimorazole between 2007 and 12. Of 608 patients, 151 had loco-regional failure within five years, from whom 130 pairs of scans (planning-CT and diagnostic failure scan) were collected and deformably co-registered. Point of origin-based pattern of failure analysis was conducted, including distance to CTV1 and GTV, and estimated dose coverage of the point of origin. Results Of 130 patients with pairs of scans, 104 (80 %) had at least one local or regional failure site covered by 95 % of prescribed dose and 87 (67 %) of the failures had point of origin within the high-dose CTV (CTV1). Of failures from primary p16 + OPSCC, the majority of both mucosal (84 %) and nodal (61 %) failures were covered by curative doses. For p16- tumors (oral cavity, OPSCC p16neg, hypopharynx and larynx), 75 % of mucosal and 66 % of nodal failures were high-dose failures. Conclusion Radioresistance is the primary cause of failure after RT for HNSCC irrespective of HPV/p16 status. Thus, focus on predictors for the response to RT is warranted to identify patients with higher risk of high-dose failure that might benefit from intensified treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten Horsholt Kristensen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Anne Ivalu Sander Holm
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christian Rønn Hansen
- Laboratory of Radiation Physics, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 25, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Ruta Zukauskaite
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Eva Samsøe
- Department of Oncology, Zealand University Hospital, Rådmandsengen 5, 4700 Næstved, Denmark
| | - Christian Maare
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Herlev, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000 Odense C, Denmark
| | - Hanne Primdahl
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Åse Bratland
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullernchausseen 70, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Claus Andrup Kristensen
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Andersen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Hobrovej 18, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jens Overgaard
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Jesper Grau Eriksen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Li Z, Yang J, Ren B, Fan Q, Huang L, Guo S, Zhou R, Chen S, Feng J, Yan C, Chen X, Shen Z. Double-Layered Hollow Mesoporous Cuprous Oxide Nanoparticles for Double Drug Sequential Therapy of Tumors. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2313212. [PMID: 38670140 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202313212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are one of the determinants of tumor heterogeneity and are characterized by self-renewal, high tumorigenicity, invasiveness, and resistance to various therapies. To overcome the resistance of traditional tumor therapies resulting from CSCs, a strategy of double drug sequential therapy (DDST) for CSC-enriched tumors is proposed in this study and is realized utilizing the developed double-layered hollow mesoporous cuprous oxide nanoparticles (DL-HMCONs). The high drug-loading contents of camptothecin (CPT) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) demonstrate that the DL-HMCON can be used as a generic drug delivery system. ATRA and CPT can be sequentially loaded in and released from CPT3@ATRA3@DL-HMCON@HA. The DDST mechanisms of CPT3@ATRA3@DL-HMCON@HA for CSC-containing tumors are demonstrated as follows: 1) the first release of ATRA from the outer layer induces differentiation from CSCs with high drug resistance to non-CSCs with low drug resistance; 2) the second release of CPT from the inner layer causes apoptosis of non-CSCs; and 3) the third release of Cu+ from DL-HMCON itself triggers the Fenton-like reaction and glutathione depletion, resulting in ferroptosis of non-CSCs. This CPT3@ATRA3@DL-HMCON@HA is verified to possess high DDST efficacy for CSC-enriched tumors with high biosafety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongheng Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Bin Ren
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Qingdeng Fan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - RuiLong Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Sijin Chen
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Chenggong Yan
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Singapore
| | - Zheyu Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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9
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Kristensen MH, Sørensen MK, Tramm T, Alsner J, Sørensen BS, Maare C, Johansen J, Primdahl H, Bratland Å, Kristensen CA, Andersen M, Lilja-Fischer JK, Holm AIS, Samsøe E, Hansen CR, Zukauskaite R, Overgaard J, Eriksen JG. Tumor volume and cancer stem cell expression as prognostic markers for high-dose loco-regional failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - A DAHANCA 19 study. Radiother Oncol 2024; 193:110149. [PMID: 38341096 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Reliable and accessible biomarkers for patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) are warranted for biologically driven radiotherapy (RT). This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of putative cancer stem cell (CSC) markers, hypoxia, and tumor volume using loco-regional high-dose failure (HDF) as endpoint. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tumor tissue was retrieved from patients treated with primary chemo-(C-)RT and nimorazole for HNSCC in the Danish Head and Neck Cancer Study Group (DAHANCA) 19 study. Tumor volume, hypoxic classification, and expression of CSC markers CD44, SLC3A2, and MET were analyzed. For patients with eligible data on all parameters (n = 340), the risk of HDF following primary chemo-(C-)RT were analyzed by these biomarkers as a whole and stratified for p16-positive oropharynx (p16 + OPSCC) vs p16-negative (p16-) tumors (oral cavity, p16- oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx). RESULTS Higher risk of HDF was seen for patients with larger primary and nodal volume (>25 cm3, Hazard Ratio (HR): 3.00 [95 % CI: 1.73-5.18]), high SLC3A2 (HR: 2.99 [1.28-6.99]), CD44 (>30 % positive, HR: 2.29 [1.05-5.00]), and p16- tumors (HR: 2.53 [1.05-6.11]). p16- tumors had a higher CSC marker expression than p16 + OPSCC. The factors associated with the highest risk of HDF were larger volume (HR: 3.29 [1.79-6.04]) for p16- tumors (n = 178) and high SLC3A2 (HR: 6.19 [1.58-24.23]) for p16 + OPSCC (n = 162). CONCLUSION Tumor volume, p16, and CSC markers are potential biomarkers for HDF for patients with HNSCC treated with (C-)RT. Lower expression of CSC in p16 + OPSCC may contribute to better tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mia Kristina Sørensen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trine Tramm
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Alsner
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brita Singers Sørensen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Jørgen Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hanne Primdahl
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Åse Bratland
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Maria Andersen
- Department of Oncology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jacob Kinggaard Lilja-Fischer
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark
| | | | - Eva Samsøe
- Zealand University Hospital, Department of Oncology, Næstved, Denmark
| | - Christian Rønn Hansen
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; Odense University Hospital, Laboratory of Radiation Physics, Odense, Denmark; University of Southern Denmark, Department of Clinical Research, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ruta Zukauskaite
- Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Overgaard
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jesper Grau Eriksen
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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10
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Mondal P, Meeran SM. The emerging role of the gut microbiome in cancer cell plasticity and therapeutic resistance. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2024; 43:135-154. [PMID: 37707749 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to therapeutic agents is one of the major challenges in cancer therapy. Generally, the focus is given to the genetic driver, especially the genetic mutation behind the therapeutic resistance. However, non-mutational mechanisms, such as epigenetic modifications, and TME alteration, which is mainly driven by cancer cell plasticity, are also involved in therapeutic resistance. The concept of plasticity mainly relies on the conversion of non-cancer stem cells (CSCs) to CSCs or epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via different mechanisms and various signaling pathways. Cancer plasticity plays a crucial role in therapeutic resistance as cancer cells are able to escape from therapeutics by shifting the phenotype and thereby enhancing tumor progression. New evidence suggests that gut microbiota can change cancer cell characteristics by impacting the mechanisms involved in cancer plasticity. Interestingly, gut microbiota can also influence the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs by modulating the mechanisms involved in cancer cell plasticity. The gut microbiota has been shown to reduce the toxicity of certain clinical drugs. Here, we have documented the critical role of the gut microbiota on the therapeutic efficacy of existing anticancer drugs by altering the cancer plasticity. Hence, the extended knowledge of the emerging role of gut microbiota in cancer cell plasticity can help to develop gut microbiota-based novel therapeutics to overcome the resistance or reduce the toxicity of existing drugs. Furthermore, to improve the effectiveness of therapy, it is necessary to conduct more clinical and preclinical research to fully comprehend the mechanisms of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mondal
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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11
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Schniewind I, Besso MJ, Klicker S, Schwarz FM, Hadiwikarta WW, Richter S, Löck S, Linge A, Krause M, Dubrovska A, Baumann M, Kurth I, Peitzsch C. Epigenetic Targeting to Overcome Radioresistance in Head and Neck Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:730. [PMID: 38398123 PMCID: PMC10886471 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The sensitivity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to ionizing radiation, among others, is determined by the number of cells with high clonogenic potential and stem-like features. These cellular characteristics are dynamically regulated in response to treatment and may lead to an enrichment of radioresistant cells with a cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotype. Epigenetic mechanisms, particularly DNA and histone methylation, are key regulators of gene-specific transcription and cellular plasticity. Therefore, we hypothesized that specific epigenetic targeting may prevent irradiation-induced plasticity and may sensitize HNSCC cells to radiotherapy. (2) Methods: We compared the DNA methylome and intracellular concentrations of tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites in radioresistant FaDu and Cal33 cell lines with their parental controls, as well as aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)-positive CSCs with negative controls. Moreover, we conducted a screen of a chemical library targeting enzymes involved in epigenetic regulation in combination with irradiation and analyzed the clonogenic potential, sphere formation, and DNA repair capacity to identify compounds with both radiosensitizing and CSC-targeting potential. (3) Results: We identified the histone demethylase inhibitor GSK-J1, which targets UTX (KDM6A) and JMJD3 (KDM6B), leading to increased H3K27 trimethylation, heterochromatin formation, and gene silencing. The clonogenic survival assay after siRNA-mediated knock-down of both genes radiosensitized Cal33 and SAS cell lines. Moreover, high KDM6A expression in tissue sections of patients with HNSCC was associated with improved locoregional control after primary (n = 137) and post-operative (n = 187) radio/chemotherapy. Conversely, high KDM6B expression was a prognostic factor for reduced overall survival. (4) Conclusions: Within this study, we investigated cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying irradiation-induced cellular plasticity, a key inducer of radioresistance, with a focus on epigenetic alterations. We identified UTX (KDM6A) as a putative prognostic and therapeutic target for HNSCC patients treated with radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñaki Schniewind
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Carl Gustav Carus University Hospital, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Maria José Besso
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klicker
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
| | - Franziska Maria Schwarz
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Wahyu Wijaya Hadiwikarta
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Susan Richter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Annett Linge
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Dubrovska
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology—OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ina Kurth
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division Radiooncology/Radiobiology, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Peitzsch
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (I.S.)
- OncoRay—National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden (CRTD), Dresden University of Technology, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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12
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Li D, Wang L, Jiang B, Jing Y, Li X. Improving cancer immunotherapy by preventing cancer stem cell and immune cell linking in the tumor microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116043. [PMID: 38128186 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells are the key link between malignant tumor progression and drug resistance. This cell population has special properties that are different from those of conventional tumor cells, and the role of cancer stem cell-related exosomes in progression of tumor malignancy is becoming increasingly clear. Cancer stem cell-derived exosomes carry a variety of functional molecules involved in regulation of the microenvironment, especially with regard to immune cells, but how these exosomes exert their functions and the specific mechanisms need to be further clarified. Here, we summarize the role of cancer stem cell exosomes in regulating immune cells in detail, aiming to provide new insights for subsequent targeted drug development and clinical strategy formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyu Li
- Department of General Surgery & VIP In-Patient Ward, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Yuchen Jing
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province 110001, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Vascular and Thyroid Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Province 110001, China.
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13
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Salman AM, Babaei E, Al-Khafaji ASK. Exploring the modulation of MLH1 and MSH2 gene expression in hesperetin-treated breast cancer cells (BT-474). J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2024; 15:43-48. [PMID: 38389973 PMCID: PMC10880915 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_279_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The major mortality factor for women globally is breast cancer, and current treatments have several adverse effects. Hesperetin (HSP) is a flavone that occurs naturally with anti-tumor capabilities and has been investigated as a potential treatment for cancer. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and anti-malignant potential of HSP on breast cancer cells (BT-474) and normal cells (MCF-10a). The results indicated that HSP has dose-dependent cytotoxicity in BT-474 and MCF-10a cells. The elevated concentration of HSP lowered cell viability and proliferation. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of HSP in BT-474 cancer cells after a 48-h exposure was 279.2 μM/ml, while the IC50 in normal cells was 855.4 μM/ml. The cytotoxicity of HSP was more significant in cancer cell lines than in normal cell lines and this aspect presents a favorable factor in utilizing the drug for the treatment of breast cancer. The apoptotic effect of HSP in BT-474 cells was investigated, and it was found that the higher the concentration of HSP more the cells underwent apoptosis. Furthermore, the highest concentration of HSP led to overexpression of the MLH1 and MSH2 genes in both breast cancer and normal cell lines. Overall, our study suggests that HSP has an anticancer effect on breast cancer cell lines, and the effect is concentration dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Mohammed Salman
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Babaei
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
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14
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Zannini G, Franco R, Zito Marino F. Immunohistochemistry for Cancer Stem Cell Detection: Principles and Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2777:19-33. [PMID: 38478333 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3730-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are rare immortal cells within tumors with capabilities of self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity. CSCs play a pivotal role in the tumor development, progression, relapse, and resistance of anticancer therapy. The technique of choice to detect CSCs in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples is immunohistochemistry (IHC) since it is inexpensive and widespread in most laboratories. The main aims of this chapter are the description of the protocols and the automated immunohistochemical systems used for the identification of CSCs. Furthermore, a focus on the most common troubleshooting in CSC IHC is provided. Finally, an overview of the main markers of cancer stem cells in several cancer types will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppa Zannini
- Pathology Unit, Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
| | - Renato Franco
- Pathology Unit, Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy.
| | - Federica Zito Marino
- Pathology Unit, Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi della Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Naples, Italy
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15
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Wang N, Ma JM. Progress of Cancer Stem Cells in Retinoblastoma. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:1093-1101. [PMID: 37815190 DOI: 10.2174/011574888x252989230921065809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The theory of cancer stem cells is a breakthrough discovery that offers exciting possibilities for comprehending the biological behavior of tumors. More and more evidence suggests that retinoblastoma cancer stem cells promote tumor growth and are likely to be the origin of tumor formation, drug resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. At present, some progress has been made in the verification, biological behavior, and drug resistance mechanism of retinoblastoma cancer stem cells. This article aims to review the relevant research and explore future development direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Min Ma
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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16
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Classen S, Petersen C, Borgmann K. Crosstalk between immune checkpoint and DNA damage response inhibitors for radiosensitization of tumors. Strahlenther Onkol 2023; 199:1152-1163. [PMID: 37420037 PMCID: PMC10674014 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review article is intended to provide a perspective overview of potential strategies to overcome radiation resistance of tumors through the combined use of immune checkpoint and DNA repair inhibitors. METHODS A literature search was conducted in PubMed using the terms ("DNA repair* and DNA damage response* and intracellular immune response* and immune checkpoint inhibition* and radio*") until January 31, 2023. Articles were manually selected based on their relevance to the topics analyzed. RESULTS Modern radiotherapy offers a wide range of options for tumor treatment. Radiation-resistant subpopulations of the tumor pose a particular challenge for complete cure. This is due to the enhanced activation of molecular defense mechanisms that prevent cell death because of DNA damage. Novel approaches to enhance tumor cure are provided by immune checkpoint inhibitors, but their effectiveness, especially in tumors without increased mutational burden, also remains limited. Combining inhibitors of both immune checkpoints and DNA damage response with radiation may be an attractive option to augment existing therapies and is the subject of the data summarized here. CONCLUSION The combination of tested inhibitors of DNA damage and immune responses in preclinical models opens additional attractive options for the radiosensitization of tumors and represents a promising application for future therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Classen
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Petersen
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Borgmann
- Laboratory of Radiobiology and Radiation Oncology, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Center of Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
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17
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Nielsen S, Sitarz MK, Sinha PM, Folefac CA, Høyer M, Sørensen BS, Horsman MR. Using immunotherapy to enhance the response of a C3H mammary carcinoma to proton radiation. Acta Oncol 2023; 62:1581-1586. [PMID: 37498559 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2023.2238550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefit of combining immunotherapy with photon irradiation has been shown pre-clinically and clinically. This current pre-clinical study was designed to investigate the anti-tumour action of combining immunotherapy with protons. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male CDF1 mice, with a C3H mammary carcinoma inoculated on the right rear foot, were locally irradiated with single radiation doses when tumours reached 200mm3. Radiation was delivered with an 83-107MeV pencil scanning proton beam in the centre of a 3 cm spread out Bragg peak. Following irradiation (day 0), mice were injected intraperitoneal with anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1, or anti-PD-L1 (10 mg/kg) twice weekly for two weeks. Endpoints were tumour growth time (TGT3; time to reach 3 times treatment volume) or local tumour control (percent of mice showing tumour control at 90 days). A Student's T-test (tumour growth) or Chi-squared test (tumour control) were used for statistical analysis; significance levels of p < 0.05. RESULTS Untreated tumours had a mean (± 1 S.E.) TGT3 of 4.6 days (± 0.4). None of the checkpoint inhibitors changed this TGT3. A linear increase in TGT3 was seen with increasing radiation doses (5-20 Gy), reaching 17.2 days (± 0.7) with 20 Gy. Anti-CTLA-4 had no effect on radiation doses up to 15 Gy, but significantly enhanced 20 Gy; the TGT3 being 23.0 days (± 1.3). Higher radiation doses (35-60 Gy) were investigated using a tumour control assay. Logit analysis of the dose response curve, resulted in a TCD50 value (radiation dose causing 50% tumour control; with 95% confidence intervals) of 48 Gy (44-53) for radiation only. This significantly decreased to 43 Gy (38-49) when mice were treated with anti-CTLA-4. Neither anti-PD-1 nor anti-PD-L1 significantly affected tumour control. CONCLUSION Checkpoint inhibitors enhanced the response of this C3H mammary carcinoma to proton irradiation. However, this enhancement depended on the checkpoint inhibitor and radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Nielsen
- Experimental Clinical Oncology-Dept. Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mateusz K Sitarz
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Priyanshu M Sinha
- Experimental Clinical Oncology-Dept. Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlemagne A Folefac
- Experimental Clinical Oncology-Dept. Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Høyer
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Brita S Sørensen
- Experimental Clinical Oncology-Dept. Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael R Horsman
- Experimental Clinical Oncology-Dept. Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kang H, Kim B, Park J, Youn H, Youn B. The Warburg effect on radioresistance: Survival beyond growth. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188988. [PMID: 37726064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The Warburg effect is a phenomenon in which cancer cells rely primarily on glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation, even in the presence of oxygen. Although evidence of its involvement in cell proliferation has been discovered, the advantages of the Warburg effect in cancer cell survival under treatment have not been fully elucidated. In recent years, the metabolic characteristics of radioresistant cancer cells have been evaluated, enabling an extension of the original concept of the Warburg effect. In this review, we focused on the role of the Warburg effect in redox homeostasis and DNA damage repair, two critical factors contributing to radioresistance. In addition, we highlighted the metabolic involvement in the radioresistance of cancer stem cells, which is the root cause of tumor recurrence. Finally, we summarized radiosensitizing drugs that target the Warburg effect. Insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the Warburg effect and radioresistance can provide valuable information for developing strategies to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and provide future directions for successful cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunkoo Kang
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongsoo Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - HyeSook Youn
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - BuHyun Youn
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Tewari AB, Saini A, Sharma D. Extirpating the cancer stem cell hydra: Differentiation therapy and Hyperthermia therapy for targeting the cancer stem cell hierarchy. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:3125-3145. [PMID: 37093450 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01066-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Ever since the discovery of cancer stem cells (CSCs), they have progressively attracted more attention as a therapeutic target. Like the mythical hydra, this subpopulation of cells seems to contribute to cancer immortality, spawning more cells each time that some components of the cancer cell hierarchy are destroyed. Traditional modalities focusing on cancer treatment have emphasized apoptosis as a route to eliminate the tumor burden. A major problem is that cancer cells are often in varying degrees of dedifferentiation contributing to what is known as the CSCs hierarchy and cells which are known to be resistant to conventional therapy. Differentiation therapy is an experimental therapeutic modality aimed at the conversion of malignant phenotype to a more benign one. Hyperthermia therapy (HT) is a modality exploiting the changes induced in cells by the application of heat produced to aid in cancer therapy. While differentiation therapy has been successfully employed in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, it has not been hugely successful for other cancer types. Mounting evidence suggests that hyperthermia therapy may greatly augment the effects of differentiation therapy while simultaneously overcoming many of the hard-to-treat facets of recurrent tumors. This review summarizes the progress made so far in integrating hyperthermia therapy with existing modules of differentiation therapy. The focus is on studies related to the successful application of both hyperthermia and differentiation therapy when used alone or in conjunction for hard-to-treat cancer cell niche with emphasis on combined approaches to target the CSCs hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit B Tewari
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Anamika Saini
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Knowledge City, Sector 81, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
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20
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Zeng Z, Fu M, Hu Y, Wei Y, Wei X, Luo M. Regulation and signaling pathways in cancer stem cells: implications for targeted therapy for cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:172. [PMID: 37853437 PMCID: PMC10583419 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01877-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs), initially identified in leukemia in 1994, constitute a distinct subset of tumor cells characterized by surface markers such as CD133, CD44, and ALDH. Their behavior is regulated through a complex interplay of networks, including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, epigenetic, tumor microenvironment (TME), and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) factors. Numerous signaling pathways were found to be involved in the regulatory network of CSCs. The maintenance of CSC characteristics plays a pivotal role in driving CSC-associated tumor metastasis and conferring resistance to therapy. Consequently, CSCs have emerged as promising targets in cancer treatment. To date, researchers have developed several anticancer agents tailored to specifically target CSCs, with some of these treatment strategies currently undergoing preclinical or clinical trials. In this review, we outline the origin and biological characteristics of CSCs, explore the regulatory networks governing CSCs, discuss the signaling pathways implicated in these networks, and investigate the influential factors contributing to therapy resistance in CSCs. Finally, we offer insights into preclinical and clinical agents designed to eliminate CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Minyang Fu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Nursing, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Agent Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, P.R. China.
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21
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Zaarour RF, Ribeiro M, Azzarone B, Kapoor S, Chouaib S. Tumor microenvironment-induced tumor cell plasticity: relationship with hypoxic stress and impact on tumor resistance. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1222575. [PMID: 37886168 PMCID: PMC10598765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1222575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of tumor interaction with stromal components during carcinogenesis is crucial for the design of efficient cancer treatment approaches. It is widely admitted that tumor hypoxic stress is associated with tumor aggressiveness and thus impacts susceptibility and resistance to different types of treatments. Notable biological processes that hypoxia functions in include its regulation of tumor heterogeneity and plasticity. While hypoxia has been reported as a major player in tumor survival and dissemination regulation, the significance of hypoxia inducible factors in cancer stem cell development remains poorly understood. Several reports indicate that the emergence of cancer stem cells in addition to their phenotype and function within a hypoxic tumor microenvironment impacts cancer progression. In this respect, evidence showed that cancer stem cells are key elements of intratumoral heterogeneity and more importantly are responsible for tumor relapse and escape to treatments. This paper briefly reviews our current knowledge of the interaction between tumor hypoxic stress and its role in stemness acquisition and maintenance. Our review extensively covers the influence of hypoxia on the formation and maintenance of cancer stem cells and discusses the potential of targeting hypoxia-induced alterations in the expression and function of the so far known stem cell markers in cancer therapy approaches. We believe that a better and integrated understanding of the effect of hypoxia on stemness during carcinogenesis might lead to new strategies for exploiting hypoxia-associated pathways and their targeting in the clinical setting in order to overcome resistance mechanisms. More importantly, at the present time, efforts are oriented towards the design of innovative therapeutical approaches that specifically target cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- RF. Zaarour
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - M. Ribeiro
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - B. Azzarone
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - S. Kapoor
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - S. Chouaib
- Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- INSERM UMR 1186, Integrative Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy, Gustave Roussy, Faculty of Medicine, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
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22
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Kamer S, Yilmaz Susluer S, Balci Okcanoglu T, Kayabasi C, Ozmen Yelken B, Hoca S, Tavlayan E, Olacak N, Anacak Y, Olukman M, Gunduz C. Evaluation of the effect of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) techniques on survival response in cell lines with a new radiobiological modeling. Cancer Med 2023; 12:19874-19888. [PMID: 37754559 PMCID: PMC10587949 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The optimal radiobiological model, which assesses the biological effects of novel radiotherapy techniques that concurrently modify multiple physical factors, has not yet been defined. This study aimed to investigate the impact of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) on cellular response in head and neck cancer and melanoma models. METHODS Clonogenic analysis, DNA double-strand break analysis, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis were performed on cancer stem cell models, cancer models, and normal tissue cell models to assess radiation sensitivity. RESULTS The segmented radiation approach used in IMRT applications enhanced radiosensitivity and cytotoxicity in the cancer models, while changes in dose rate had varying effects on cytotoxicity depending on the tumor cell type. VMAT increased cellular resistance, favoring treatment outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The biological processes were influenced differently by dose rate, IMRT, and VMAT depending on the tumor cell type. The selection of the most appropriate technique is crucial in representing new radiotherapy approaches. The obtained data can serve as a model to address clinical questions in daily practice. The integration of non-standard outcomes with standard applications should be considered in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serra Kamer
- Department of Radiation OncologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | | | | | - Cagla Kayabasi
- Department of Medical BiologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | | | - Sinan Hoca
- Department of Radiation OncologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | - Emin Tavlayan
- Department of Radiation OncologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | - Nezahat Olacak
- Department of Radiation OncologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | - Yavuz Anacak
- Department of Radiation OncologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | - Murat Olukman
- Department of PharmacologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
| | - Cumhur Gunduz
- Department of Medical BiologyEge University Medical FacultyIzmirTurkey
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23
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Wu C, Zhang F, Li B, Li Z, Xie X, Huang Y, Yao Z, Chen Y, Ping Y, Pan W. A Self-Assembly Nano-Prodrug for Combination Therapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Stem Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301600. [PMID: 37328445 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) displays a highly aggressive nature that originates from a small subpopulation of TNBC stem cells (TNBCSCs), and these TNBCSCs give rise to chemoresistance, tumor metastasis, and recurrence. Unfortunately, traditional chemotherapy eradicates normal TNBC cells but fails to kill quiescent TNBCSCs. To explore a new strategy for eradicating TNBCSCs, a disulfide-mediated self-assembly nano-prodrug that can achieve the co-delivery of ferroptosis drug, differentiation-inducing agent, and chemotherapeutics for simultaneous TNBCSCs and TNBC treatment, is reported. In this nano-prodrug, the disulfide bond not only induces self-assembly behavior of different small molecular drug but also serves as a glutathione (GSH)-responsive trigger in controlled drug release. More importantly, the differentiation-inducing agent can transform TNBCSCs into normal TNBC cells, and this differentiation with chemotherapeutics provides an effective approach to indirectly eradicate TNBCSCs. In addition, ferroptosis therapy is essentially different from the apoptosis-induced cell death of differentiation or chemotherapeutic, which causes cell death to both TNBCSCs and normal TNBC cells. In different TNBC mouse models, this nano-prodrug significantly improves anti-tumor efficacy and effectively inhibits the tumor metastasis. This all-in-one strategy enables controlled drug release and reduces stemness-related drug resistance, enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity in TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhi Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Fu Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Xin Xie
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Ping
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, P. R. China
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24
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Jaffray DA, Knaul F, Baumann M, Gospodarowicz M. Harnessing progress in radiotherapy for global cancer control. NATURE CANCER 2023; 4:1228-1238. [PMID: 37749355 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-023-00619-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The pace of technological innovation over the past three decades has transformed the field of radiotherapy into one of the most technologically intense disciplines in medicine. However, the global barriers to access this highly effective treatment are complex and extend beyond technological limitations. Here, we review the technological advancement and current status of radiotherapy and discuss the efforts of the global radiation oncology community to formulate a more integrative 'diagonal approach' in which the agendas of science-driven advances in individual outcomes and the sociotechnological task of global cancer control can be aligned to bring the benefit of this proven therapy to patients with cancer everywhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Jaffray
- Departments of Radiation Physics and Imaging Physics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Felicia Knaul
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | | | - Mary Gospodarowicz
- Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Wang Q, Cao H, Hou X, Wang D, Wang Z, Shang Y, Zhang S, Liu J, Ren C, Liu J. Cancer Stem-Like Cells-Oriented Surface Self-Assembly to Conquer Radioresistance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2302916. [PMID: 37288841 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), capable of indefinite self-renewal and differentiation, are considered to be the root cause of tumor radiotherapy (RT) resistance. However, the CSCs-targeted therapy still remains to be a great challenge because they are commonly located in the deep tumor making drugs hard to approach, and their hypoxic and acidic niche can further aggravate radioresistance. Herein, based on the finding that hypoxic CSCs highly express carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) on the cell membrane, a CAIX-targeted induced in situ self-assembly system on the surface of CSC is reported to overcome hypoxic CSC-mediated radioresistance. Via the sequential processes of "monomer release-target accumulation-surface self-assembly", the constructed peptide-based drug delivery system (CA-Pt) exhibits the advantages of deep penetration, amplified CAIX inhibition, and enhanced cellular uptake, which greatly relieves the hypoxic and acidic microenvironment to promote the hypoxic CSC differentiation and combines with platinum to boost the RT-inducing DNA damage. In both lung cancer tumor mouse and zebrafish embryo models, CA-Pt treatment can effectively assist RT in suppressing tumor growth and preventing tumor invasion and metastasis. This study uses a surface-induced self-assembly strategy to differentiate hypoxic CSCs, which may provide a universal treatment strategy for overcoming tumor radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Xiaoxue Hou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Dianyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Zhilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Shuqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Chunhua Ren
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmacokinetics for Innovative Drugs, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, China
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26
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Hu T, Xuan R, Han E, Cai L, Xia Z. SPOPL induces tumorigenicity and stemness in glioma stem cells by activating Notch signaling. J Neurooncol 2023; 164:157-170. [PMID: 37523046 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04394-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent studies have increasingly shown that glioma stem cells (GSCs) are extremely important for developing and treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The Broad-complex, Tram-track, and Bric-a-brac protein family is functionally related to a variety of tumor stem cells, and the role of SPOPL as a member of this family in GSCs deserves to be investigated. METHODS To investigate the expression of SPOPL in GSCs and its impact on the prognosis of GBM patients by using clinical specimens, patient-derived primary GSCs and public databases. In vivo and in vitro, the effect of SPOPL on the proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation ability of GSCs was explored. Probing the mechanism by which SPOPL affects the biological function of GSCs using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and rescue experiments. RESULTS The expression of SPOPL was significantly upregulated in GSCs and GBM, and patients with high SPOPL expression had a poorer prognosis. SPOPL enhanced the proliferation and self-renewal ability of GSCs and enhanced the tumorigenicity of GSCs. The Notch signaling pathway was significantly inhibited in SPOPL knockdown GSCs. Activation or inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway rescued changes in the biological function of GSCs caused by altered SPOPL expression. CONCLUSION SPOPL can be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for GBM in clinical work and promotes the proliferation and stemness of GSCs by activating the Notch signaling pathway, which may be a potential molecule for targeting GSCs to treat GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruoheng Xuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Erqiao Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingshan Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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27
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Tirendi S, Marengo B, Domenicotti C, Bassi AM, Almonti V, Vernazza S. Colorectal cancer and therapy response: a focus on the main mechanisms involved. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1208140. [PMID: 37538108 PMCID: PMC10396348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1208140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The latest GLOBOCAN 2021 reports that colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Most CRC cases are sporadic and associated with several risk factors, including lifestyle habits, gut dysbiosis, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Aim To summarize the biology of CRC and discuss current therapeutic interventions designed to counteract CRC development and to overcome chemoresistance. Methods Literature searches were conducted using PubMed and focusing the attention on the keywords such as "Current treatment of CRC" or "chemoresistance and CRC" or "oxidative stress and CRC" or "novel drug delivery approaches in cancer" or "immunotherapy in CRC" or "gut microbiota in CRC" or "systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials" or "CSCs and CRC". The citations included in the search ranged from September 1988 to December 2022. An additional search was carried out using the clinical trial database. Results Rounds of adjuvant therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy are commonly planned to reduce cancer recurrence after surgery (stage II and stage III CRC patients) and to improve overall survival (stage IV). 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy in combination with other cytotoxic drugs, is the mainstay to treat CRC. However, the onset of the inherent or acquired resistance and the presence of chemoresistant cancer stem cells drastically reduce the efficacy. On the other hand, the genetic-molecular heterogeneity of CRC often precludes also the efficacy of new therapeutic approaches such as immunotherapies. Therefore, the CRC complexity made of natural or acquired multidrug resistance has made it necessary the search for new druggable targets and new delivery systems. Conclusion Further knowledge of the underlying CRC mechanisms and a comprehensive overview of current therapeutic opportunities can provide the basis for identifying pharmacological and biological barriers that render therapies ineffective and for identifying new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for advanced and aggressive CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tirendi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna M. Bassi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
| | - Vanessa Almonti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefania Vernazza
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), Genoa, Italy
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28
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Hasan AK, Babaei E, Al-Khafaji ASK. Hesperetin effect on MLH1 and MSH2 expression on breast cancer cells BT-549. J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2023; 14:241-247. [PMID: 37692022 PMCID: PMC10483912 DOI: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_277_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to its genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, breast cancer is very difficult to eliminate. The harmful consequences of conventional therapies like radiation and chemotherapy have prompted the search for organic-based alternatives. Hesperetin (HSP), a flavonoid, has been discovered to possess the ability to hinder the proliferation of cell associated with breast cancer by acting as an epigenetic agent and modifying gene expression. In this investigation, breast cancer cells (BT-549) and normal cells (MCF-10a) were subjected to the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test and three different doses (200, 400, and 600 μM/mL) of HSP for real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry to examine its cytotoxic and anti-malignant potential. HSP was shown to be cytotoxic to both normal and breast cancer cells, but had a more pronounced effect on the cancer cell lines. After 48 h of treatment, the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for BT-549 was 279.2 μM/mL, whereas the IC50 for MCF-10a was 855.4 μM/mL. At high HSP concentrations, upregulation of the MLH1 and MSH2 genes was observed in both cell lines. The influence of HSP on MLH1 gene expression was concentration dependent. Moreover, HSP had a concentration-dependent effect on MSH2 gene expression in the BT-549 cell line but not in the MCF-10a cell line. Cell death and early apoptosis were shown to be concentration dependent upon the application of HSP, as determined by flow cytometric analysis. HSP's capacity to cause apoptosis and its stronger impact on the malignant cell line when analyzed with the normal cell line imply that it might be useful as an effective therapeutic approach for combating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assim Khattab Hasan
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Babaei
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
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Singh AK, Malviya R, Prajapati B, Singh S, Yadav D, Kumar A. Nanotechnology-Aided Advancement in Combating the Cancer Metastasis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:899. [PMID: 37375846 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine has been working to find a cure for cancer for almost a century, but thus far, they have not been very successful. Although cancer treatment has come a long way, more work has to be carried out to boost specificity and reduce systemic toxicity. The diagnostic industry is on the cusp of a technological revolution, and early diagnosis is essential for improving prognostic outlook and patient quality of life. In recent years, nanotechnology's use has expanded, demonstrating its efficacy in enhancing fields such as cancer treatment, radiation therapy, diagnostics, and imaging. Applications for nanomaterials are diverse, ranging from enhanced radiation adjuvants to more sensitive early detection instruments. Cancer, particularly when it has spread beyond the original site of cancer, is notoriously tough to combat. Many people die from metastatic cancer, which is why it remains a huge issue. Cancer cells go through a sequence of events known as the "metastatic cascade" throughout metastasis, which may be used to build anti-metastatic therapeutic techniques. Conventional treatments and diagnostics for metastasis have their drawbacks and hurdles that must be overcome. In this contribution, we explore in-depth the potential benefits that nanotechnology-aided methods might offer to the detection and treatment of metastatic illness, either alone or in conjunction with currently available conventional procedures. Anti-metastatic drugs, which can prevent or slow the spread of cancer throughout the body, can be more precisely targeted and developed with the help of nanotechnology. Furthermore, we talk about how nanotechnology is being applied to the treatment of patients with cancer metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India
| | - Bhupendra Prajapati
- Shree S. K. Patel College of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ganpat University, Kherva 384012, India
| | - Sudarshan Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Deepika Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida 203201, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Chandigarh Engineering College, Jhanjeri, Mohali 140307, India
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Khedkar HN, Chen LC, Kuo YC, Wu ATH, Huang HS. Multi-Omics Identification of Genetic Alterations in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Therapeutic Efficacy of HNC018 as a Novel Multi-Target Agent for c-MET/STAT3/AKT Signaling Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10247. [PMID: 37373393 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is characterized by high morbidity and mortality. The failure of standard treatment modalities, such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, demands the need for in-depth understanding of the complex signaling networks involved in the development of treatment resistance. A tumor's invasive growth and high levels of intrinsic or acquired treatment resistance are the primary causes of treatment failure. This may be a result of the presence of HNSCC's cancer stem cells, which are known to have self-renewing capabilities that result in therapeutic resistance. Using bioinformatics methods, we discovered that elevated expressions of MET, STAT3, and AKT were associated with poor overall survival in HNSCC patients. We then evaluated the therapeutic potential of our newly synthesized small molecule HNC018 towards its potential as a novel anticancer drug. Our computer-aided structure characterization and target identification study predicted that HNC018 could target these oncogenic markers implicated in HNSCC. Subsequently, the HNC018 has demonstrated its anti-proliferative and anticancer activities towards the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, along with displaying the stronger binding affinities towards the MET, STAT3, and AKT than the standard drug cisplatin. Reduction in the clonogenic and tumor-sphere-forming ability displays HNC018's role in decreasing the tumorigenicity. Importantly, an vivo study has shown a significant delay in tumor growth in HNC018 alone or in combination with cisplatin-treated xenograft mice model. Collectively with our findings, HNC018 highlights the desirable properties of a drug-like candidate and could be considered as a novel small molecule for treating head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Nivrutti Khedkar
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Ching Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11101, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Cheng Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Alexander T H Wu
- Ph.D. Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Heart Institute (THI), Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Clinical Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program for Translational Science, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Shan Huang
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Molecular Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute for Cancer Biology & Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Centre, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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Chen J, Wu S, Peng Y, Zhao Y, Dong Y, Ran F, Geng H, Zhang K, Li J, Huang S, Wang Z. Constructing a cancer stem cell related prognostic model for predicting immune landscape and drug sensitivity in colorectal cancer. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1200017. [PMID: 37377935 PMCID: PMC10292801 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks the second malignancy with high incidence and mortality worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) function critically in cancer progression and metastasis via the interplay with immune cells in tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to identify important CSC marker genes and parsed the role of these marker genes in CRC. Materials and methods: CRC samples' single-cell RNA sequencing data and bulk transcriptome data were utilized. Seurat R package annotated CSCs and identified CSC marker genes. Consensus clustering subtyped CRC samples based on CSC marker genes. Immune microenvironment, pathway and oxidative stress analysis was performed using ESTIMATE, MCP-counter analysis and ssGSEA analysis. A prognostic model was established by Lasso and stepAIC. Sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs was determined by the biochemical half maximal inhibitory concentration with pRRophetic R package. Results: We identified a total of 29 CSC marker genes related to disease-specific survival (DSS). Two clusters (CSC1 and CSC2) were determined, and CSC2 showed shorter DSS, a larger proportion of late-stage samples, and higher oxidative stress response. Two clusters exhibited differential activation of biological pathways associated with immune response and oncogenic signaling. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that 44 chemotherapy drugs were more sensitive to CSC2 that those in CSC1. We constructed a seven-gene prognostic model (DRD4, DPP7, UCN, INHBA, SFTA2, SYNPO2, and NXPH4) that was effectively to distinguish high-risk and low-risk patients. 14 chemotherapy drugs were more sensitive to high-risk group and 13 chemotherapy drugs were more sensitive to low-risk group. Combination of higher oxidative stress and risk score indicated dismal prognosis. Conclusion: The CSC marker genes we identified may help to further decipher the role of CSCs in CRC development and progression. The seven-gene prognostic model could serve as an indicator for predicting the response to immunotherapy and chemotherapy as well as prognosis of CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianjun Li
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Li, ; Shuo Huang, ; Zhe Wang,
| | - Shuo Huang
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Li, ; Shuo Huang, ; Zhe Wang,
| | - Zhe Wang
- *Correspondence: Jianjun Li, ; Shuo Huang, ; Zhe Wang,
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32
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Cao M, Liu Z, You D, Pan Y, Zhang Q. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis of spheroid cells of endometrial cancer possessing cancer stem cell properties. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:119. [PMID: 37143105 PMCID: PMC10161517 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03348-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in endometrial cancer progression and it is potential to isolate CSCs from spheroid cells. Further understanding of spheroid cells at protein level would help find novel CSC markers. METHODS Spheroid cells from endometrial cancer cell lines, Ishikawa and HEC1A, exhibited increased colony forming, subsphere forming, chemo-drug resistance, migration, invasion ability and tumorigenicity, verifying their cancer stem-like cell properties. The up-regulated CD90, CD117, CD133 and W5C5 expression also indicated stemness of spheroid cells. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to explore the potential alterations between parent cells and cancer stem-like spheroid cells. HK2-siRNA was transfected to Ishikawa and HEC1A cells to explore the roles and molecular mechanism of HK2 in endometrial cancer. RESULTS We identified and quantified a total of 5735 proteins and 167 overlapped differentially expressed proteins of two cell types, 43 proteins were up-regulated and 124 were down-regulated in spheroid cells comparing with parent cells. KEGG pathway revealed a significant role of HIF-1 pathway in spheroid cells. qRT-PCR and western blot results of GPRC5A, PFKFB3 and HK2 of HIF-1 pathway confirmed their elevated expressions in spheroid cells which were consistent with proteomic results. HK2 promoted cancer stemness in endometrial cancer. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that spheroid cells from endometrial cancer cell lines possess cancer stem-like cell properties and enrich CSCs. HIF-1 pathway is activated in endometrial cancer stem-like spheroid cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No.63, Duobao Road, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1838, Baiyun Road North, Guangzhou, China
| | - Danming You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Pan
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyan Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 1, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Lang L, Chen F, Li Y, Shay C, Yang F, Dan H, Chen ZG, Saba NF, Teng Y. Adaptive c-Met-PLXDC2 Signaling Axis Mediates Cancer Stem Cell Plasticity to Confer Radioresistance-associated Aggressiveness in Head and Neck Cancer. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:659-671. [PMID: 37089864 PMCID: PMC10114932 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy plays an essential role in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), yet radioresistance remains a major barrier to therapeutic efficacy. A better understanding of the predominant pathways determining radiotherapy response could help develop mechanism-informed therapies to improve cancer management. Here we report that radioresistant HNSCC cells exhibit increased tumor aggressiveness. Using unbiased proteome profiler antibody arrays, we identify that upregulation of c-Met phosphorylation is one of the critical mechanisms for radioresistance in HNSCC cells. We further uncover that radioresistance-associated HNSCC aggressiveness is effectively exacerbated by c-Met but is suppressed by its genetic knockdown and pharmacologic inactivation. Mechanistically, the resulting upregulation of c-Met promotes elevated expression of plexin domain containing 2 (PLXDC2) through activating ERK1/2-ELK1 signaling, which in turn modulates cancer cell plasticity by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induction and enrichment of the cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation, leading to resistance of HNSCC cells to radiotherapy. Depletion of PLXDC2 overcomes c-Met-mediated radioresistance through reversing the EMT progress and blunting the self-renewal capacity of CSCs. Therapeutically, the addition of SU11274, a selective and potent c-Met inhibitor, to radiation induces tumor shrinkage and limits tumor metastasis to lymph nodes in an orthotopic mouse model. Collectively, these significant findings not only demonstrate a novel mechanism underpinning radioresistance-associated aggressiveness but also provide a possible therapeutic strategy to target radioresistance in patients with HNSCC. Significance This work provides novel insights into c-Met-PLXDC2 signaling in radioresistance-associated aggressiveness and suggests a new mechanism-informed therapeutic strategy to overcome failure of radiotherapy in patients with HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Lang
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Fanghui Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yamin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Chloe Shay
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory, University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Hancai Dan
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zhuo G Chen
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nabil F Saba
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yong Teng
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Wu MS, Zhou ZR, Wang XY, Lv J, Li DW, Qian RC. Engineered Extracellular Vesicle-Encapsuled Nanoreactors for Effective Targeting and Cascade Killing of Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:1479-1487. [PMID: 36942742 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have presented great potential for cancer therapy. However, their therapeutic efficacy is not always satisfied because of inefficient biocompatibility and targeting efficacy. Here, we report engineered extracellular vesicle (EV)-encapsuled nanoreactors for the targeting and killing of cancer cells. EVs are extracted from engineered cancer cells with surface N-glycans cut and intracellular microRNA-21 (miR-21) silenced to generate cancer-targeting membranes for the following coating of gold-polydopamine (PDA) core-shell nanoparticles. The encapsuled nanoparticles are decorated with doxorubicin (Dox), glucose oxidase (GOx), and miR-21-indicative DNA tags. Once endocytosed, the acidic pH, together with the photothermal effect of the PDA shell, can promote the release of Dox and GOx-catalyzed H2O2 generation/glucose consumption, while the DNA tags allow enhanced fluorescence imaging of miR-21 to indicate the targeting effect. The coadministration of EV-assisted delivery and cascade treatment represents a promising strategy for combination therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man-Sha Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ze-Rui Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Wang
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jian Lv
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Ruo-Can Qian
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Joint International Laboratory for Precision Chemistry, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology & Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Bouleftour W, Guy JB, Moreno-Acosta P, Rodriguez Lafrasse C, Sargos P, Magné N. Challenges in radiobiology - technology duality as a key for a risk-free α/β ratio. Bull Cancer 2023:S0007-4551(23)00091-7. [PMID: 36872128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Since radiotherapy discovery, prediction of biological response to ionizing radiation remains a major challenge. Indeed, several radiobiological models appeared through radiotherapy history. Nominal single dose so popular in the 1970s, was tragically linked to the dark years in radiobiology by underestimating the late toxicity of the high-dose fractions. The actual prominent linear-quadratic model continues to prove to be an effective tool in radiobiology. Mainly with its pivotal α/β ratio, which gives a reliable estimate of tissues sensitivity to fractions. Despite these arguments, this model experiences limitations with substantial doubts of α/β ratio values. Interestingly, the story of radiobiology since X-ray discovery is truly instructive and teaches modern clinicians to refine fractionation schemes. Many fractionation schemes have been tested with successes or dramas. This review retraces radiobiological models' history, and confronts these models to new fractionation schemes, drawing a preventive message.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Bouleftour
- University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, North Hospital, Medical oncology department, 42270 Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France.
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guy
- Centre Marie-Curie, Radiotherapy department, 159, boulevard Maréchal-Juin, 26000 Valence, France
| | - Pablo Moreno-Acosta
- Clinical, Molecular and Cellular Radiobiology Research Group, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Calle 1 # 9-85, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Claire Rodriguez Lafrasse
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Université de Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1 University, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Paul Sargos
- Institut Bergonié, Department of Radiation Oncology, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Magné
- Cellular and Molecular Radiobiology Laboratory, Lyon-Sud Medical School, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, Université de Lyon, Lyon 1 University, 69921 Oullins, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon 1 University, UMR CNRS5822/IP2I, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Institut Bergonié, Department of Radiation Oncology, 33076 Bordeaux, France
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Park M, Sunwoo K, Kim YJ, Won M, Xu Y, Kim J, Pu Z, Li M, Kim JY, Seo JH, Kim JS. Cutting Off H + Leaks on the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane: A Proton Modulation Approach to Selectively Eradicate Cancer Stem Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4647-4658. [PMID: 36745678 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with the invasion and metastatic relapse of various cancers. However, current cancer therapies are limited to targeting the bulk of primary tumor cells while remaining the CSCs untouched. Here, we report a new proton (H+) modulation approach to selectively eradicate CSCs via cutting off the H+ leaks on the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). Based on the fruit extract of Gardenia jasminoides, a multimodal molecule channel blocker with high biosafety, namely, Bo-Mt-Ge, is developed. Importantly, in this study, we successfully identify that mitochondrial uncoupling protein UCP2 is closely correlated with the stemness of CSCs, which may offer a new perspective for selective CSC drug discovery. Mechanistic studies show that Bo-Mt-Ge can specifically inhibit the UCP2 activities, decrease the H+ influx in the matrix, regulate the electrochemical gradient, and deplete the endogenous GSH, which synergistically constitute a unique MoA to active apoptotic CSC death. Intriguingly, Bo-Mt-Ge also counteracts the therapeutic resistance via a two-pronged tactic: drug efflux pump P-glycoprotein downregulation and antiapoptotic factor (e.g., Bcl-2) inhibition. With these merits, Bo-Mt-Ge proved to be one of the safest and most efficacious anti-CSC agents, with ca. 100-fold more potent than genipin alone in vitro and in vivo. This study offers new insights and promising solutions for future CSC therapies in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minsu Park
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Kyoung Sunwoo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yoon-Jae Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Miae Won
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jaewon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Zhongji Pu
- Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, P. R. China
| | - Mingle Li
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Jae Hong Seo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Program for Biomedical Science, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University, Seoul 08308, Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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Akrami H, Shamsdin SA, Nikmanesh Y, Fattahi M. Effect of Mir-4270 Inhibitor and Mimic on Viability and Stemness in Gastric Cancer Stem-Like Cells Derived from MKN-45 Cell Line. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:100-7. [PMID: 37070617 PMCID: PMC10314761 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.3851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are significant regulatory factors in stem cell proliferation, and change in miRNA expression influences the cancer stem cell viability and gene expression. Herein, we evaluated the effect of the hsa-miR-4270 inhibitor and its mimic on the expression of stem cell markers in gastric cancer (GC) stem-like cells. Methods GC stem-like cells were isolated from the MKN-45 cell line by a non-adherent surface system. The cells were confirmed by differentiation assays using dexamethasone and insulin as adipogenesis-inducing agents and also Staurosporine as a neural-inducing agent. Isolated GC stem-like cells were treated with different concentrations (0, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 nM) of hsa-miR-4270 inhibitor and its mimic. The quantity of cell viability was determined by trypan blue method. Transcription of the stem cell marker genes, including CD44, OCT3/4, SOX2, Nanog, and KLF4, was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. Results The results showed that GC stem-like cells were differentiated into both adipose cells using dexamethasone and insulin and neural cells by Staurosporine. Treatment of GC stem-like cells with hsa-miR-4270 inhibitor decreased cell viability and downregulated OCT3/4, CD44, and Nanog to 86%, 79%, and 91% respectively. Also, SOX2 and KLF4 were overexpressed to 8.1- and 1.94-folds, respectively. However, hsa-miR-4270 mimic had opposite effects on the cell viability and gene expression of the stem cell markers. Conclusion The effect of hsa-miR-4270 inhibitor and its mimic on the expression of the stem cell markers in GCSCs indicated that hsa-miR-4270 stimulates the stemness property of GCSCs, likely through stimulating the development of gastric stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Akrami
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Lee B, Stokes GA, Valimukhametova A, Nguyen S, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Bhaloo A, Coffer J, Naumov AV. Automated Approach to In Vitro Image-Guided Photothermal Therapy with Top-Down and Bottom-Up-Synthesized Graphene Quantum Dots. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:805. [PMID: 36903683 PMCID: PMC10005083 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials have been the subject of interest for photothermal therapy due to their high light-to-heat conversion efficiency. Based on recent studies, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are expected to possess advantageous photothermal properties and facilitate fluorescence image-tracking in the visible and near-infrared (NIR), while surpassing other graphene-based materials in their biocompatibility. Several GQD structures including reduced graphene quantum dots (RGQDs) derived from reduced graphene oxide via top-down oxidation and hyaluronic acid graphene quantum dots (HGQDs) hydrothermally bottom-up synthesized from molecular hyaluronic acid were employed to test these capabilities in the present work. These GQDs possess substantial NIR absorption and fluorescence throughout the visible and NIR beneficial for in vivo imaging while being biocompatible at up to 1.7 mg/mL concentrations. In aqueous suspensions, RGQDs and HGQDs irradiated with a low power (0.9 W/cm2) 808 nm NIR laser facilitate a temperature increase up to 47.0 °C, which is sufficient for cancer tumor ablation. In vitro photothermal experiments sampling multiple conditions directly in the 96-well plate were performed using an automated simultaneous irradiation/measurement system developed on the basis of a 3D printer. In this study, HGQDs and RGQDs facilitated the heating of HeLa cancer cells up to 54.5 °C, leading to the drastic inhibition of cell viability from over 80% down to 22.9%. GQD's fluorescence in the visible and NIR traces their successful internalization into HeLa cells maximized at 20 h suggesting both extracellular and intracellular photothermal treatment capabilities. The combination of the photothermal and imaging modalities tested in vitro makes the GQDs developed in this work prospective agents for cancer theragnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Gretel A. Stokes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Alina Valimukhametova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Steven Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | | | - Adam Bhaloo
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Jeffery Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
| | - Anton V. Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76109, USA
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Valentini C, Ebert N, Koi L, Pfeifer M, Löck S, Erdmann C, Krause M, Baumann M. Preclinical trial comparing radiotherapy alone versus standard radiochemotherapy in three human papilloma virus (HPV) negative and three HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenograft tumour models. Radiother Oncol 2023; 183:109546. [PMID: 36813172 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To perform a preclinical trial comparing the efficacy of fractionated radiotherapy versus radiochemotherapy with cisplatin in HPV-positive and negative human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenografts. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three HPV-negative and three HPV-positive HNSCC xenografts in nude mice were randomized to radiotherapy (RT) alone or to radiochemotherapy (RCT) with weekly cisplatin. To evaluate tumour growth time, 20 Gy radiotherapy (±cisplatin) were administered in 10 fractions over 2 weeks. Dose-response curves for local tumour control were generated for RT with 30 fractions over 6 weeks to different dose levels given alone or combined with cisplatin (RCT). RESULTS One of three investigated HPV-negative and two out of three HPV-positive tumour models showed a significant increase in local tumour control after RCT compared to RT alone. Pooled analysis of the HPV-positive tumour models showed a statistically significant and substantial benefit of RCT versus RT alone, with an enhancement ratio of 1.34. Although heterogeneity in response to both RT and RCT was also observed between the different HPV-positive HNSCC, these overall were more RT and RCT sensitive than HPV-negative models. CONCLUSION The impact of adding chemotherapy to fractionated radiotherapy on local control was heterogenous, both in HPV-negative and in HPV-positive tumours, calling for predictive biomarkers. RCT substantially increased local tumour control in the pooled group of all HPV-positive tumours whereas this was not found in HPV-negative tumours. Omission of chemotherapy in HPV-positive HNSCC as part of a treatment de-escalation strategy is not supported by this preclinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Valentini
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany.
| | - Nadja Ebert
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lydia Koi
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany
| | - Manuel Pfeifer
- Institute of Legal Medicine, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Steffen Löck
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Erdmann
- OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mechthild Krause
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-jZentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Baumann
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; OncoRay - National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany; Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Institute of Radiooncology - OncoRay, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg, Germany; National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, and Helmholtz Association/Helmholtz-jZentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
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Kuwahara Y, Tomita K, Habibi Roudkenar M, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Sato T, Kurimasa A. The reversibility of cancer radioresistance: a novel potential way to identify factors contributing to tumor radioresistance. Hum Cell 2023; 36:963-971. [PMID: 36745313 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for radioresistance in cancer cells, we previously established clinically relevant radioresistant (CRR) cell lines from several human cancer cell lines. These CRR cells proliferate even under exposure to 2 Gy/day of X-rays for more than 30 days, which is a standard protocol for tumor radiotherapy. CRR cells received 2 Gy/day of X-rays to maintain their radioresistance (maintenance irradiation; MI). Interestingly, CRR cells that did not receive MI for more than a year lost their radioresistance, indicating that radiation-induced radioresistance is reversible. We designated these CRR-NoIR cells. Karyotyping of the parental and CRR cells revealed that the chromosomal composition of CRR cells is quite different from that of the parental cells. However, CRR and CRR-NoIR cells were more similar compared with the parental cells because CRR cells repair X-ray-induced DNA damage with higher fidelity. To identify the factor(s) involved in tumor radioresistance, previously published studies including ours have compared radioresistant cells to parental cells. In this review, we conclude that a comparison between CRR and CRR-NoIR cells, rather than parental cells, is the best way to identify factors involved in tumor radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.,Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tomita
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.,Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.,Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tomoaki Sato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Kurimasa
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 1-15-1, Fukumuro, Miyagino, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Lycke Wind K, Garm Spindler KL, Maria Lutz C, Nyvang L, Kronborg C. Estimated dose to site of loco-regional recurrence after radiotherapy in anal cancer using point of origin methods. Phys Imaging Radiat Oncol 2023; 25:100424. [PMID: 36817982 PMCID: PMC9929855 DOI: 10.1016/j.phro.2023.100424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Loco-regional recurrence (LRR) dominates the failure pattern after curative radiotherapy in anal cancer. The aim of this study was to estimate dose of LRRs in anal cancer using a point of origin-based method. Method and materials Of 321 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anus, 31 patients with LRR (29 local recurrences and 5 regional lymph node recurrences) were available for analysis. The recurrence volumes were delineated on recurrence magnetic resonance imaging (rMRI). Rigid and subsequent deformable co-registration of planning computerised tomography scans and rMRI were performed. Point of origin was estimated as the centre of mass (COM) and an observer-based point of origin (obs-PO). Doses to COM and obs-PO, as well as the full recurrence volume, were estimated and the relation to target volumes was extracted. Results The median minimum dose to COM was 63.8 Gy (range 32.5-65.1 Gy) and 63.7 Gy (range 35.5-65.2 Gy) to obs-PO of local recurrences. COM was included in the high dose volume (64 Gy) in 86 % of cases, and obs-PO was included in 75 % of cases. There was no difference in minimum dose to COM and obs-PO, and the median distance between the two points was 3.3 mm (range 0.6-19.8 mm). No recurrences occurred in primarily boosted lymph nodes. Conclusion The majority of LLRs were located within the high dose volume indicating radioresistance as the primary cause of recurrence in anal cancer. No difference between the use of COM and obs-PO was evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lycke Wind
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark,Corresponding author.
| | - Karen-Lise Garm Spindler
- Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Christina Maria Lutz
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Lars Nyvang
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Camilla Kronborg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark,Danish Centre for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
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Parveen N, Abourehab MA, Shukla R, Thanikachalam PV, Jain GK, Kesharwani P. Immunoliposomes as an emerging nanocarrier for breast cancer therapy. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Siqueira JM, Heguedusch D, Rodini CO, Nunes FD, Rodrigues MFSD. Mechanisms involved in cancer stem cell resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2023; 6:116-137. [PMID: 37065869 PMCID: PMC10099599 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite scientific advances in the Oncology field, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Molecular and cellular heterogeneity of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant contributor to the unpredictability of the clinical response and failure in cancer treatment. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are recognized as a subpopulation of tumor cells that can drive and maintain tumorigenesis and metastasis, leading to poor prognosis in different types of cancer. CSCs exhibit a high level of plasticity, quickly adapting to the tumor microenvironment changes, and are intrinsically resistant to current chemo and radiotherapies. The mechanisms of CSC-mediated therapy resistance are not fully understood. However, they include different strategies used by CSCs to overcome challenges imposed by treatment, such as activation of DNA repair system, anti-apoptotic mechanisms, acquisition of quiescent state and Epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increased drug efflux capacity, hypoxic environment, protection by the CSC niche, overexpression of stemness related genes, and immune surveillance. Complete elimination of CSCs seems to be the main target for achieving tumor control and improving overall survival for cancer patients. This review will focus on the multi-factorial mechanisms by which CSCs are resistant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in HNSCC, supporting the use of possible strategies to overcome therapy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Mota Siqueira
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Daniele Heguedusch
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Camila Oliveira Rodini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 17012-230, Brazil
| | - Fabio Daumas Nunes
- Department of Stomatology, Discipline of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues
- Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil
- Correspondence to: PhD. Maria Fernanda Setúbal Destro Rodrigues. Biophotonics Applied to Health Sciences, Nove de Julho University, UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235/249 - Liberdade, São Paulo 01504-001, Brazil. E-mail:
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Haist M, Kaufmann J, Kur IM, Zimmer S, Grabbe S, Schmidberger H, Weigert A, Mayer A. Response to primary chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma is determined by the degree of cytotoxic T cell infiltration within tumor cell aggregates. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1070203. [PMID: 37187729 PMCID: PMC10175951 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1070203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Effective anti-tumor immune responses are mediated by T cells and require organized, spatially coordinated interactions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Understanding coordinated T-cell-behavior and deciphering mechanisms of radiotherapy resistance mediated by tumor stem cells will advance risk stratification of oropharyngeal cancer (OPSCC) patients treated with primary chemoradiotherapy (RCTx). Methods To determine the role of CD8 T cells (CTL) and tumor stem cells for response to RCTx, we employed multiplex immunofluorescence stains on pre-treatment biopsy specimens from 86 advanced OPSCC patients and correlated these quantitative data with clinical parameters. Multiplex stains were analyzed at the single-cell level using QuPath and spatial coordination of immune cells within the TME was explored using the R-package Spatstat. Results Our observations demonstrate that a strong CTL-infiltration into the epithelial tumor compartment (HR for overall survival, OS: 0.35; p<0.001) and the expression of PD-L1 on CTL (HR: 0.36; p<0.001) were both associated with a significantly better response and survival upon RCTx. As expected, p16 expression was a strong predictor of improved OS (HR: 0.38; p=0.002) and correlated with overall CTL infiltration (r: 0.358, p<0.001). By contrast, tumor cell proliferative activity, expression of the tumor stem cell marker CD271 and overall CTL infiltration, regardless of the affected compartment, were not associated with response or survival. Conclusion In this study, we could demonstrate the clinical relevance of the spatial organization and the phenotype of CD8 T cells within the TME. In particular, we found that the infiltration of CD8 T cells specifically into the tumor cell compartment was an independent predictive marker for response to chemoradiotherapy, which was strongly associated with p16 expression. Meanwhile, tumor cell proliferation and the expression of stem cell markers showed no independent prognostic effect for patients with primary RCTx and thus requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Haist
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
- *Correspondence: Maximilian Haist,
| | - Justus Kaufmann
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ivan-Maximiliano Kur
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefanie Zimmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes-Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz Schmidberger
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Arnulf Mayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Rajput S, Sharma PK, Malviya R. Biomarkers and Treatment Strategies for Breast Cancer Recurrence. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1209-1220. [PMID: 38164731 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501258059231103072025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Despite recent treatment advancements, breast cancer remains a life-threatening disease. Although treatment is successful in the early stages, a significant proportion of individuals with breast cancer eventually experience a recurrence of the disease. Breast tumour recurrence poses a significant medical issue. Despite tumours being a primary cause of mortality, there remains a limited understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underlying tumour recurrence. The majority of the time, after surgery or medical treatment, this metastatic disease manifests itself after the disease is undiagnosed for a considerable amount of time. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as a relapse or recurrence. Metastatic breast cancer has the potential to recur at varying intervals, ranging from a few months to several decades following the initial diagnosis and treatment. This article aimed to summarise the primary causes of breast cancer recurrence and highlight the key issues that need to be addressed in order to effectively decrease the mortality rate among breast cancer patients. This article discusses various therapeutic approaches currently employed and emerging treatment strategies that hold the potential for the complete cure of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Rajput
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rishabha Malviya
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhao X, Zhuang Y, Wang B, Yuan B, Du S, Zeng Z. The miR-34a-5p-c-MYC-CHK1/CHK2 Axis Counteracts Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties and Enhances Radiosensitivity in Hepatocellular Cancer Through Repression of the DNA Damage Response. Radiat Res 2023; 199:48-60. [PMID: 36445955 DOI: 10.1667/rade-22-00098.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy has become an increasingly widespread modality for treating hepatocellular cancer (HCC); however, the development of radioresistance significantly limits its effectiveness and invariably leads to tumor recurrence. Cancer stem cell (CSC) theory offers a potential explanation for tumor relapse and radioresistance, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Herein we investigate the role of miRNA in molecular regulation of stemness and radioresistance in HCC. Two HCC radiation-resistant cell lines (Huh7-RR and SMMC-7721-RR) were established by selecting the radioresistant subpopulation from HCC cells via clonogenic survival assays. MiRNA Sequencing was used to identify potential radiosensitivity involved miRNA in HCC-RR cells. Xenograft tumor mouse model was established for in vivo study. CSC properties were assessed using sphere formation assay and side population (SP) cells analysis. We found that miR-34a-5p was significantly downregulated in HCC-RR cells. Overexpression of miR-34a-5p counteracts CSC properties and enhances radiosensitivity in HCC. Mechanistic investigation revealed that c-MYC is the direct target of miR-34a-5p. Overexpression of miR-34a-5p reversed c-MYC-induced radioresistance. Moreover, we found that the specific molecular mechanism was that c-MYC activated CHK1 and CHK2, which are two key DNA damage checkpoint kinases, and facilitated the DNA damage response to radiation. Repression of the miR-34a-5p-cMYC-CHK1/CHK2 axis contributes to the acquisition of radioresistance in HCC cells. In summary, the miR-34a-5p-c-MYC-CHK1/CHK2 axis counteracts cancer stem cell-like properties and enhances radiosensitivity in hepatocellular cancer through repression of the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Zhao
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Baoying Yuan
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shisuo Du
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaochong Zeng
- Departments of Radiation Oncology Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Tariq MR, Ali SW, Fatima N, Jabeen A, Qazi AS, Hameed A, Safdar W. Radiation Therapies in Cancer. Cancer Treat Res 2023; 185:59-77. [PMID: 37306904 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-27156-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A crucial element of cancer treatment is radiation therapy that is used to destroy tumors and cancer cells through radiation. Another essential component is immunotherapy that helps immune system to combat cancer. The combination of both radiation therapy and immunotherapy is being focused recently for the treatment of many tumors. Chemotherapy includes the use of some chemical agent to control the growth of cancer, whereas irradiation involves the use of radiations of high energy to kill cancer cells. The union of both became the strongest practice in cancer treatment techniques. Specific chemotherapies are combined with radiation in the treatment of cancer after proper preclinical assessment of their effectiveness. Some classes of compounds include platinum-based drugs, antimicrotubules, antimetabolites (5-Fluorouracil, Capecitabine, Gemcitabine, Pemetrexed), topoisomerase I inhibitors, alkylating agents (Temozolomide), and other agents (Mitomycin-C, Hypoxic Sensitizers, Nimorazole).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan Tariq
- Department of Food Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
| | - Shinawar Waseem Ali
- Department of Food Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noor Fatima
- Department of Food Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Jabeen
- Department of Food Sciences, University of the Punjab, Quid-I-Azam Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Saleem Qazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Amna Hameed
- Department of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Ibadat International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Waseem Safdar
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Wang H, Xie H, Wang S, Zhao J, Gao Y, Chen J, Zhao Y, Guo G. PARP-1 genetic polymorphism associated with radiation sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610751. [PMID: 36590386 PMCID: PMC9795517 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
About 70% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients require radiotherapy. However, due to the difference in radiation sensitivity, the treatment outcome may differ for the same pathology and choice of treatment. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is a key gene responsible for DNA repair and is involved in base excision repair as well as repair of single strand break induced by ionizing radiation and oxidative damage. In order to investigate the relationship between PARP-1 gene polymorphism and radiation sensitivity in NSCLC, we collected 141 primary NSCLC patients undergoing three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy. For each case, the gross tumor volumes (GTV) before radiation and that after 40 Gy radiation were measured to calculate the tumor regression rate. TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to genotype the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Genotype frequencies for PARP-1 genotypes were 14.2% for C/C, 44.7% for C/G and 41.1% for G/G. The average tumor regression rate after 40 Gy radiation therapy was 35.1% ± 0.192. Tumor regression rate of mid-term RT of C/C genotype was 44.6% ± 0.170, which was higher than that of genotype C/G and G/G (32.4% ± 0.196 and 34.8% ± 0.188, respectively) with statistical significance (F = 3.169 p = 0.045). The higher tumor regression rate in patients with C/C genotype suggested that G allele was a protective factor against radiation therapy. Using the median tumor regression rate of 34%, we divided the entire cohort into two groups, and found that the frequency distribution of PARP-1 gene rs3219073 had significant difference between these two groups (p < 0.05). These results showed that PARP-1 gene polymorphism may affect patient radiation sensitivity and predict the efficacy of radiotherapy. It therefore presents an opportunity for developing new therapeutic targets to improve radiotherapy outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetong Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China,Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haitao Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital, Shenyang, China
| | | | - Jiaying Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qingdao United Family Healthcare, Qingdao, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Department of Oncology, Kailuan Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Tenth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxia Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Genyan Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China,*Correspondence: Genyan Guo,
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Shi Y, Zeng L, Pan Y, Zhang H, Wang Z, Shi Y, Wu A. Endo/exo-genous dual-stimuli responsive gold nanotetrapod-based nanoprobe for magnetic resonance imaging and enhanced multimodal therapeutics by amplifying·OH generation. Acta Biomater 2022; 154:549-558. [PMID: 36243375 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can produce high-toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) to kill cancer cells, but the limited concentration of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) seriously restricted its application. Herein, using endo/exo-genous dual-stimuli, a novel nanoprobe with enhanced ·OH generation was developed for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and multimodal therapeutics, in which gold nanotetrapod (AuNTP) with photothermal therapy (PTT) performance was coated with mesoporous silica (mSiO2) and loaded with cisplatin (CDDP), then a thin layer of manganese dioxide (MnO2) was deposited to construct AuNTP@mSiO2@CDDP@MnO2 nanoprobes. In TME, endogenous H2O2, CDDP-triggered self-supplying H2O2 produced via cascade reaction and the exogenous photothermal effect of AuNTPs together enhanced the ·OH generation of Mn2+ induced by glutathione (GSH) responsive degradation of MnO2. The prepared AuNTP@mSiO2@CDDP@MnO2 nanoprobes possessed perfect core@shell structure, good biocompatibility and GSH-dependent MR performance, in which the relaxation rates increased from 0.717 mM-1·s-1 to 8.12 mM-1·s-1. Under the multimodal therapeutics of CDT/PTT/chemotherapy, the developed AuNTP@mSiO2@CDDP@MnO2 nanoprobes demonstrated good antitumor efficacy. Our work provided a promising strategy for constructing TME-responsive nanoprobes with endo/exo-genous stimuli, achieving enhanced visualized theranostics of tumors. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tumor microenvironment (TME) responsive chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can produce high-toxic hydroxyl radicals (·OH) to kill cancer cells, but the limited concentration of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) seriously restricted its application. Using endo/exo-genous dual-stimuli, AuNTP@mSiO2@CDDP@MnO2 (AMCM) nanoprobe was constructed, in which endogenous H2O2, CDDP-triggered self-supplying H2O2 and the exogenous photothermal effect of AuNTPs together enhanced the ·OH generation. Under the multimodal therapeutics of CDT/PTT/chemotherapy, the developed AuNTP@mSiO2@CDDP@MnO2 nanoprobe demonstrated good antitumor efficacy, and provided a promising strategy for constructing TME-responsive nanoprobes with endo/exo-genous stimuli, achieving enhanced CDT of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green development, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of precise imaging of inflammation related tumors, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China; Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Leyong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green development, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of precise imaging of inflammation related tumors, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China.
| | - Yuanbo Pan
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China
| | - Zhaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green development, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of precise imaging of inflammation related tumors, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Yuehua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Science and Green development, Chemical Biology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Hebei Key Laboratory of precise imaging of inflammation related tumors, College of Chemistry & Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, PR China
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, PR China.
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50
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Tan B, Zhang J, Wang W, Ma H, Yang Y. Tumor-suppressive E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP inhibits the PBK/ERK axis to repress stem cell properties and radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Apoptosis 2022; 28:397-413. [PMID: 36436119 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01789-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, radioresistant cancer cells surviving radiotherapy have been suggested to show more aggressive phenotypes than parental cells, and the underlying mechanisms may be associated with cancer stem cells. This study provided novel mechanistic insights for E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP in stem cell properties and radioresistance of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). After bioinformatic prediction for key genes involved, NSCLC tissues and cells were collected to measure the expression of CHIP and PBK. E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP was poorly expressed, while PBK was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cells. CHIP reduced the protein stability of PBK through the ubiquitin-protease pathway to repress the activation of ERK pathway. Based on the gain- or loss-of-function experiments, it was noted that restoration of CHIP curtailed stem cell properties and radioresistance in NSCLC, as manifested by inhibited sphere formation and cell proliferation, decreased number of CD133+CD44+ cells and expression of OCT4, SOX2, and NANOG, as well as facilitated apoptosis of NSCLC cells. Besides, in vivo animal experiments further confirmed that CHIP restrained tumorigenic ability and improved radiosensitivity of NSCLC cells by inhibiting PBK/ERK axis. Collectively, CHIP suppressed stem cell properties and radioresistance of NSCLC cells by inhibiting PBK/ERK axis, therefore offering a potential therapeutic target for enhancing efficacy of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Tan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China.
| | - Jingwei Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
| | - Haibo Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, 127 Dongming Road, Jinshui, Zhengzhou, 450008, Henan, China
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