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Lian S, Du Z, Chen Q, Xia Y, Miao X, Yu W, Sun Q, Feng C. From lab to clinic: The discovery and optimization journey of PI3K inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116786. [PMID: 39180946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
PI3K inhibitors have emerged as promising therapeutic agents due to their critical role in various cellular processes, particularly in cancer, where the PI3K pathway is frequently dysregulated. This review explores the evolutionary path of PI3K inhibitors from laboratory discovery to clinical application. The journey begins with early laboratory investigations into PI3K signaling and inhibitor development, highlighting fundamental discoveries that laid the foundation for subsequent advancements. Optimization strategies, including medicinal chemistry approaches and structural modifications, are scrutinized for their contributions to enhancing inhibitor potency, selectivity, and pharmacokinetic properties. The translation from preclinical studies to clinical trials is examined, emphasizing pivotal trials that evaluated efficacy and safety profiles. Challenges encountered during clinical development are critically assessed. Finally, the review discusses ongoing research directions and prospects for PI3K inhibitors, underscoring these agents' continuous evolution and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Lian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqing Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinxin Miao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chong Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Giussani P, Brioschi L, Gjoni E, Riccitelli E, Viani P. Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Stimulates ER to Golgi Ceramide Traffic to Promote Survival in T98G Glioma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8270. [PMID: 39125841 PMCID: PMC11312410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme is the most common and fatal brain tumor among human cancers. Ceramide (Cer) and Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) have emerged as bioeffector molecules that control several biological processes involved in both cancer development and resistance. Cer acts as a tumor suppressor, inhibiting cancer progression, promoting apoptosis, enhancing immunotherapy and sensitizing cells to chemotherapy. In contrast, S1P functions as an onco-promoter molecule, increasing proliferation, survival, invasiveness, and resistance to drug-induced apoptosis. The pro-survival PI3K/Akt pathway is a recognized downstream target of S1P, and we have previously demonstrated that in glioma cells it also improves Cer transport and metabolism towards complex sphingolipids in glioma cells. Here, we first examined the possibility that, in T98G glioma cells, S1P may regulate Cer metabolism through PI3K/Akt signaling. Our research showed that exogenous S1P increases the rate of vesicular trafficking of Cer from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus through S1P receptor-mediated activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Interestingly, the effect of S1P results in cell protection against toxicity arising from Cer accumulation in the ER, highlighting the role of S1P as a survival factor to escape from the Cer-generating cell death response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Paola Viani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, LITA Segrate, Via Fratelli Cervi, 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy; (P.G.); (L.B.); (E.G.); (E.R.)
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3
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Kumar Shukla M, Parihar A, Karthikeyan C, Kumar D, Khan R. Multifunctional GQDs for receptor targeting, drug delivery, and bioimaging in pancreatic cancer. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14698-14716. [PMID: 37655476 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03161f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease with a low survival rate and limited treatment options. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have recently become popular as a promising platform for cancer diagnosis and treatment due to their exceptional physicochemical properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, and fluorescence. This review discusses the potential of multifunctional GQDs as a platform for receptor targeting, drug delivery, and bioimaging in pancreatic cancer. The current studies emphasized the ability of GQDs to selectively target pancreatic cancer cells by overexpressing binding receptors on the cell surface. Additionally, this review discussed the uses of GQDs as drug delivery vehicles for the controlled and targeted release of therapeutics for pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, the potential of GQDs as imaging agents for pancreatic cancer detection and monitoring has been discussed. Overall, multifunctional GQDs showed great promise as a versatile platform for the diagnosis and treatment of pancreatic cancer. Further investigation of multifunctional GQDs in terms of their potential and optimization in the context of pancreatic cancer therapy is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monu Kumar Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Arpana Parihar
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | | | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan 173229, India
| | - Raju Khan
- Industrial Waste Utilization, Nano and Biomaterials, CSIR-Advanced Materials and Processes Research Institute (AMPRI), Hoshangabad Road, Bhopal 462026, Madhya Pradesh, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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Lu Q, Liu T, Han Z, Zhao J, Fan X, Wang H, Song J, Ye H, Sun J. Revolutionizing cancer treatment: The power of cell-based drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2023; 361:604-620. [PMID: 37579974 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous administration of drugs is a widely used cancer therapy approach. However, the efficacy of these drugs is often hindered by various biological barriers, including circulation, accumulation, and penetration, resulting in poor delivery to solid tumors. Recently, cell-based drug delivery platforms have emerged as promising solutions to overcome these limitations. These platforms offer several advantages, including prolonged circulation time, active targeting, controlled release, and excellent biocompatibility. Cell-based delivery systems encompass cell membrane coating, intracellular loading, and extracellular backpacking. These innovative platforms hold the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment, presenting a plethora of opportunities for the advancement and integration of pharmaceuticals, medicine, and materials science. Nevertheless, several technological, ethical, and financial barriers must be addressed to facilitate the translation of these platforms into clinical practice. In this review, we explore the emerging strategies to overcome these challenges, focusing specifically on the functions and advantages of cell-mediated drug delivery in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Zeyu Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyuan Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Helin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Jiaxuan Song
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Hao Ye
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China; Multi-Scale Robotics Lab (MSRL), Institute of Robotics & Intelligent Systems (IRIS), ETH Zurich, Zurich 8092, Switzerland.
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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Hu X, Xie J, Yang Y, Qiu Z, Lu W, Lin X, Xu B. Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) Therapeutic Cocktail to Suppress Brain Tumor. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12329. [PMID: 37569705 PMCID: PMC10418641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors have been proved challenging to treat. Here we established a Multi-Target Neural Differentiation (MTND) therapeutic cocktail to achieve effective and safe treatment of brain malignancies by targeting the important hallmarks in brain cancers: poor cell differentiation and compromised cell cycle. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments confirmed the significant therapeutic effect of our MTND therapy. Significantly improved therapeutic effects over current first-line chemo-drugs have been identified in clinical cells, with great inhibition of the growth and migration of tumor cells. Further in-vivo experiments confirmed that sustained MTND treatment showed a 73% reduction of the tumor area. MTND also induced strong expression of phenotypes associated with cell cycle exit/arrest and rapid neural reprograming from clinical glioma cells to glutamatergic and GABAergic expressing cells, which are two key neuronal types involved in many human brain functions, including learning and memory. Collectively, MTND induced multi-targeted genotypic expression changes to achieve direct neural conversion of glioma cells and controlled the cell cycle/tumorigenesis development, helping control tumor cells' malignant proliferation and making it possible to treat brain malignant tumors effectively and safely. These encouraging results open avenues to developing new therapies for brain malignancies beyond cytotoxic agents, providing more effective medication recommendations with reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Hu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Jingdun Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Yilin Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Ziyi Qiu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
| | - Weicheng Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Collaborative Innovation for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China; (J.X.); (W.L.)
| | - Xudong Lin
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Bingzhe Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (X.H.); (Y.Y.)
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
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Luo Y, Yao Y, Wu P, Zi X, Sun N, He J. The potential role of N 7-methylguanosine (m7G) in cancer. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:63. [PMID: 35590385 PMCID: PMC9118743 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01285-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
N7-methylguanosine (m7G), one of the most prevalent RNA modifications, has recently attracted significant attention. The m7G modification actively participates in biological and pathological functions by affecting the metabolism of various RNA molecules, including messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, microRNA, and transfer RNA. Increasing evidence indicates a critical role for m7G in human disease development, especially cancer, and aberrant m7G levels are closely associated with tumorigenesis and progression via regulation of the expression of multiple oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Currently, the underlying molecular mechanisms of m7G modification in cancer are not comprehensively understood. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding the potential function of m7G modifications in cancer and discuss future m7G-related diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejun Luo
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Yao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Zi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nan Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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7
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Jarabo P, de Pablo C, González-Blanco A, Casas-Tintó S. Circadian Gene cry Controls Tumorigenesis through Modulation of Myc Accumulation in Glioblastoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042043. [PMID: 35216153 PMCID: PMC8874709 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most frequent malignant brain tumor among adults and currently there is no effective treatment. This aggressive tumor grows fast and spreads through the brain causing death in 15 months. GB cells display a high mutation rate and generate a heterogeneous population of tumoral cells that are genetically distinct. Thus, the contribution of genes and signaling pathways relevant for GB progression is of great relevance. We used a Drosophila model of GB that reproduces the features of human GB and describe the upregulation of the circadian gene cry in GB patients and in a Drosophila GB model. We studied the contribution of cry to the expansion of GB cells and the neurodegeneration and premature death caused by GB, and we determined that cry is required for GB progression. Moreover, we determined that the PI3K pathway regulates cry expression in GB cells, and in turn, cry is necessary and sufficient to promote Myc accumulation in GB. These results contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying GB malignancy and lethality, and describe a novel role of Cry in GB cells.
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8
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Lu J, Wang X, Wu A, Cao Y, Dai X, Liang Y, Li X. Ginsenosides in central nervous system diseases: Pharmacological actions, mechanisms, and therapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1523-1544. [PMID: 35084783 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nervous system is one of the most complex physiological systems, and central nervous system diseases (CNSDs) are serious diseases that affect human health. Ginseng (Panax L.), the root of Panax species, are famous Chinese herbs that have been used for various diseases in China, Japan, and Korea since ancient times, and remain a popular natural medicine used worldwide in modern times. Ginsenosides are the main active components of ginseng, and increasing evidence has demonstrated that ginsenosides can prevent CNSDs, including neurodegenerative diseases, memory and cognitive impairment, cerebral ischemia injury, depression, brain glioma, multiple sclerosis, which has been confirmed in numerous studies. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential pathways by which ginsenosides affect the pathogenesis of CNSDs mainly including antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-apoptotic effects, and nerve protection, which provides novel ideas for the treatment of CNSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Anxin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Dai
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Youdan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Li Z, Li M, Xia P, Wang L, Lu Z. LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 Promotes Tumorigenesis of Glioma via Targeting miR-128-3p/ SZRD1 Axis. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:9037-9048. [PMID: 34916848 PMCID: PMC8666723 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s324920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the current study was to investigate the roles of LncRNA FOXD3-AS1 (FOXD3-AS1) in the glioma progression, and its underlying mechanism of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of FOXD3-AS1/miR-128-3p/SZRD1. Materials and Methods The FOXD3-AS1 expression and its prognostic relation were detected by bioinformatics tool. Next, glioma cell lines (HS683, U251, T98G, and SNB-19) were used to verify the FOXD3-AS1 expression. Furthermore, the roles of the FOXD3-AS1/miR-128-3p/SZRD1 axis on the glioma development in vitro and in vivo were examined. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that FOXD3-AS1 was upregulated in the glioma and linked with poor prognosis. Consistently, FOXD3-AS1 level was overexpressed in the glioma cell lines (HS683 and U251). Subsequently, we verified that silencing of FOXD3-AS1 (si-FOXD3-AS1) restrained the cell proliferation, invasion, and tumor growth in vivo, and induced G0/G1 arrest, and promoted apoptosis. Further study also stated that FOXD3-AS1 interacted with miR-128-3p and SZRD1 was the target gene of miR-128-3p. Moreover, overexpression of miR-128-3p restrained the cell proliferation and metastasis of glioma, and reduced the SZRD1 level. Rescue assay illustrated that miR-128-3p inhibitor could reverse the suppressive impact of si-FOXD3-AS1 on the glioma progression. Similarly, SZRD1 overexpression could neutralize the influences of miR-128-3p mimic on glioma progression. Conclusion FOXD3-AS1 promoted the tumorigenesis of glioma, and exerted its function to modulate SZRD1 by targeting miR-128-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengcheng Xia
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
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Modulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier for Drug Delivery to Brain. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13122024. [PMID: 34959306 PMCID: PMC8708282 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13122024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) precisely controls brain microenvironment and neural activity by regulating substance transport into and out of the brain. However, it severely hinders drug entry into the brain, and the efficiency of various systemic therapies against brain diseases. Modulation of the BBB via opening tight junctions, inhibiting active efflux and/or enhancing transcytosis, possesses the potential to increase BBB permeability and improve intracranial drug concentrations and systemic therapeutic efficiency. Various strategies of BBB modulation have been reported and investigated preclinically and/or clinically. This review describes conventional and emerging BBB modulation strategies and related mechanisms, and safety issues according to BBB structures and functions, to try to give more promising directions for designing more reasonable preclinical and clinical studies.
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11
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Tang T, Chang B, Zhang M, Sun T. Nanoprobe-mediated precise imaging and therapy of glioma. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:634-650. [PMID: 34110340 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00182e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults, accounting for 80% of primary intracranial tumors. Due to the heterogeneous and infiltrating nature of malignant gliomas and the hindrance of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), it is very difficult to accurately image and differentiate the malignancy grade of gliomas, thus significantly influencing the diagnostic accuracy and subsequent surgery or therapy. In recent years, the rapid development of emerging nanoprobes has provided a promising opportunity for the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. After rational component regulation and surface modification, functional nanoprobes could efficiently cross the BBB, target gliomas, and realize single-modal or multimodal imaging of gliomas with high clarity. Moreover, these contrast nanoagents could also be conjugated with therapeutic drugs and cure cancerous tissues at the same time. Herein, we focus on the design strategies of nanoprobes for effective crossing of the BBB, and introduce the recent advances in the precise imaging and therapy of gliomas using functional nanoprobes. Finally, we also discuss the challenges and future directions of nanoprobe-based diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Mingxi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Taolei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China. and School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
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12
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Cha J, Kim P. Cancer Cell-Sticky Hydrogels to Target the Cell Membrane of Invading Glioblastomas. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31371-31378. [PMID: 34196172 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their remarkable infiltrative traits, glioblastomas develop unclear tumor margins toward the brain, hampering the complete resection. Since the remaining invasive cells tend to have resistance to therapeutics and cause recurrence around the surgical voids, this has been a major challenge for glioblastoma treatment. Thus, we design a cancer cell-sticky hydrogel (CSH) that interacts with the glioblastoma cells to impede their invasive motility by modifying the cell membrane with active thiol-enriched interfaces. Highly reactive thiols at the cell surface can make the infiltrated cancer cells adhere to the hydrogel, resulting in increased cell adhesion and decreased motility. Cotreatment with the CSH and chemical inhibitors of the major proinvasive molecules, focal adhesion kinase and hyaluronic acid synthase, maximized the invasion-inhibitory effect. In addition, a significant decrease in tumor mass was achieved via CSH implantation in mouse models. Overall, our results highlight the use of the CSH to inhibit the aggressive invasion as a novel therapeutic strategy against glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Cha
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Pilnam Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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13
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Zhu Y, Jia J, Zhao G, Huang X, Wang L, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Konduru N, Xie J, Yu R, Liu H. Multi-responsive nanofibers composite gel for local drug delivery to inhibit recurrence of glioma after operation. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:198. [PMID: 34217325 PMCID: PMC8255008 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00943-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The postoperative recurrence of malignant gliomas has presented a clinical conundrum currently. Worse, there is no standard treatment for these recurrent tumours. Therefore, novel promising methods of clinical treatment are urgently needed. Methods In this study, we synthesized reactive oxygen species (ROS)-triggered poly(propylene sulfide)60 (PPS60) mixed with matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-responsive triglycerol monostearate (T) lipids and TMZ. The mixed solution could self-assemble at 50 ℃ to generate hydrogels with MMPs- and ROS-responsiveness. We explored whether the T/PPS + TMZ hydrogel could achieve the MMP- and ROS-responsive delivery of TMZ and exert anti-glioma regrowth effects in vitro and in vivo. These results demonstrated that the T/PPS + TMZ hydrogel significantly improved the curative effect of TMZ to inhibit postsurgical recurrent glioma. Results The results confirmed the responsive release of TMZ encapsulated in the T/PPS + TMZ hydrogel, and the hydrogel showed excellent performance against glioma in an incomplete glioma operation model, which indicated that the T/PPS + TMZ hydrogel effectively inhibited the growth of recurrent glioma. Conclusion In summary, we successfully developed injectable MMPs- and ROS-responsive hydrogels that could achieve the sustained release of TMZ in the surgical cavity to inhibit local recurrent glioma after surgery. Graphic abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00943-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufu Zhu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Xuyang Huang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Lansheng Wang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Naveena Konduru
- Institute of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Rutong Yu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, The Third People's Hospital Affiliated of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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14
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Portela M, Mitchell T, Casas-Tintó S. Cell-to-cell communication mediates glioblastoma progression in Drosophila. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio053405. [PMID: 32878880 PMCID: PMC7541342 DOI: 10.1242/bio.053405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most aggressive and lethal tumour of the central nervous system (CNS). GB cells grow rapidly and display a network of projections, ultra-long tumour microtubes (TMs), that mediate cell to cell communication. GB-TMs infiltrate throughout the brain, enwrap neurons and facilitate the depletion of the signalling molecule wingless (Wg)/WNT from the neighbouring healthy neurons. GB cells establish a positive feedback loop including Wg signalling upregulation that activates cJun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway and matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) production, which in turn promote further TMs infiltration, GB progression and neurodegeneration. Thus, cellular and molecular signals other than primary mutations emerge as central players of GB. Using a Drosophila model of GB, we describe the temporal organisation of the main cellular events that occur in GB, including cell-to-cell interactions, neurodegeneration and TM expansion. We define the progressive activation of JNK pathway signalling in GB mediated by the receptor Grindelwald (Grnd) and activated by the ligand Eiger (Egr)/TNFα produced by surrounding healthy brain tissue. We propose that cellular interactions of GB with the healthy brain tissue precede TM expansion and conclude that non-autonomous signals facilitate GB progression. These results contribute to deciphering the complexity and versatility of these incurable tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, 3086 Melbourne, Australia
| | - Teresa Mitchell
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal-CSIC, Av. del Doctor Arce, 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Portela M, Casas-Tintó S. New Cellular Dimensions on Glioblastoma Progression. Neurosci Insights 2020; 15:2633105520923076. [PMID: 32548582 PMCID: PMC7249559 DOI: 10.1177/2633105520923076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are brain tumors originated from glial cells. The most frequent form of glioma is the glioblastoma (GB). This lethal tumor is frequently originated from genetic alterations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and PI3K pathways. Recent results suggest that signaling pathways, other than primary founder mutations, play a central role in GB progression. Some of these signals are depleted by GB cells from healthy neurons via specialized filopodia known as tumor microtubes (TMs). Here, we discuss the contribution of TMs to vampirize wingless/WNT ligand from neurons. In consequence, wingless/WNT pathway is upregulated in GB to promote tumor progression, and the reduction of these signals in neurons causes the reduction of synapse number and neurodegeneration. These processes contribute to neurological defects and premature death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portela
- Biochemistry and Genetics Department, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sergio Casas-Tintó
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Neurobiology Department, Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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16
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Ferraris C, Cavalli R, Panciani PP, Battaglia L. Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier: Successes and Challenges in Developing Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Brain Tumours. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2999-3022. [PMID: 32431498 PMCID: PMC7201023 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s231479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade gliomas are still characterized by a poor prognosis, despite recent advances in surgical treatment. Chemotherapy is currently practiced after surgery, but its efficacy is limited by aspecific toxicity on healthy cells, tumour cell chemoresistance, poor selectivity, and especially by the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Thus, despite the large number of potential drug candidates, the choice of effective chemotherapeutics is still limited to few compounds. Malignant gliomas are characterized by high infiltration and neovascularization, and leaky BBB (the so-called blood–brain tumour barrier); surgical resection is often incomplete, leaving residual cells that are able to migrate and proliferate. Nanocarriers can favour delivery of chemotherapeutics to brain tumours owing to different strategies, including chemical stabilization of the drug in the bloodstream; passive targeting (because of the leaky vascularization at the tumour site); inhibition of drug efflux mechanisms in endothelial and cancer cells; and active targeting by exploiting carriers and receptors overexpressed at the blood–brain tumour barrier. Within this concern, a suitable nanomedicine-based therapy for gliomas should not be limited to cytotoxic agents, but also target the most important pathogenetic mechanisms, including cell differentiation pathways and angiogenesis. Moreover, the combinatorial approach of cell therapy plus nanomedicine strategies can open new therapeutical opportunities. The major part of attempted preclinical approaches on animal models involves active targeting with protein ligands, but, despite encouraging results, a few number of nanomedicines reached clinical trials, and most of them include drug-loaded nanocarriers free of targeting ligands, also because of safety and scalability concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Ferraris
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Pier Paolo Panciani
- Clinic of Neurosurgery, Spedali Civili and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Battaglia
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Sun SL, Shu YG, Tao MY. LncRNA CCAT2 promotes angiogenesis in glioma through activation of VEGFA signalling by sponging miR-424. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 468:69-82. [PMID: 32236863 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is characterized by high morbidity, high mortality and poor prognosis. Recent studies exhibited that lncRNA CCAT2 is overexpressed in glioma and promotes glioma progression, but the specific molecular biological mechanism remains to be determined. We performed qRT-PCR to evaluate the expression of related genes, Western blotting analysis to measure protein levels, colony formation assay to detect the proliferative ability of glioma cells, flow cytometry to measure cell apoptosis, bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assay to verify the binding sites and the targeted regulatory relationship in A172 and U251 cell lines and tube formation assay to determine endothelial angiogenesis. LncRNA CCAT2 and VEGFA were highly expressed, while miR-424 was expressed at low levels in NHA cells. Furthermore, knockdown of lncRNA CCAT2 decreased cell proliferation, increased cell apoptosis and inhibited endothelial angiogenesis in glioma. Moreover, lncRNA CCAT2 shared a complementary sequence with miR-424 which in turn directly bound to the 3'-UTR of VEGFA. Further investigation indicated that lncRNA CCAT2 promoted cell proliferation and endothelial angiogenesis by inducing the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in glioma. The oncogenic lncRNA CCAT2 is highly associated with the development of glioma and exerts its function by upregulating VEGFA via miR-424.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Li Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No.61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Gao Shu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No.61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei-Yi Tao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, No.61, Jiefang West Road, Changsha, 410005, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Giamanco KA, Matthews RT. The Role of BEHAB/Brevican in the Tumor Microenvironment: Mediating Glioma Cell Invasion and Motility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1272:117-132. [PMID: 32845505 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48457-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common tumors in the central nervous system (CNS) and, unfortunately, are also the most deadly. The lethal nature of malignant gliomas is due in large part to their unique and distinctive ability to invade the surrounding neural tissue. The invasive and dispersive nature of these tumors makes them particularly challenging to treat, and currently there are no effective therapies for malignant gliomas. The brain tumor microenvironment plays a particularly important role in mediating the invasiveness of gliomas, and, therefore, understanding its function is key to developing novel therapies to treat these deadly tumors. A defining aspect of the tumor microenvironment of gliomas is the unique composition of the extracellular matrix that enables tumors to overcome the typically inhibitory environment found in the CNS. One conspicuous component of the glioma tumor microenvironment is the neural-specific ECM molecule, brain-enriched hyaluronan binding (BEHAB)/brevican (B/b). B/b is highly overexpressed in gliomas, and its expression in these tumors contributes importantly to the tumor invasiveness and aggressiveness. However, B/b is a complicated protein with multiple splice variants, cleavage products, and glycoforms that contribute to its complex functions in these tumors and provide unique targets for tumor therapy. Here we review the role of B/b in glioma tumor microenvironment and explore targeting of this protein for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A Giamanco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Western Connecticut State University, Danbury, CT, USA
| | - Russell T Matthews
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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Rutkowska A, Stoczyńska-Fidelus E, Janik K, Włodarczyk A, Rieske P. EGFR vIII: An Oncogene with Ambiguous Role. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:1092587. [PMID: 32089685 PMCID: PMC7024087 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1092587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) seems to constitute the perfect therapeutic target for glioblastoma (GB), as it is specifically present on up to 28-30% of GB cells. In case of other tumor types, expression and possible role of this oncogene still remain controversial. In spite of EGFRvIII mechanism of action being crucial for the design of small active anticancer molecules and immunotherapies, i.e., CAR-T technology, it is yet to be precisely defined. EGFRvIII is known to be resistant to degradation, but it is still unclear whether it heterodimerizes with EGF-activated wild-type EGFR (EGFRWT) or homodimerizes (including covalent homodimerization). Constitutive kinase activity of this mutated receptor is relatively low, and some researchers even claim that a nuclear, but not a membrane function, is crucial for its activity. Based on the analyses of recurrent tumors that are often lacking EGFRvIII expression despite its initial presence in corresponding primary foci, this oncogene is suggested to play a marginal role during later stages of carcinogenesis, while even in primary tumors EGFRvIII expression is detected only in a small percentage of tumor cells, undermining the rationality of EGFRvIII-targeting therapies. On the other hand, EGFRvIII-positive cells are resistant to apoptosis, more invasive, and characterized with enhanced proliferation rate. Moreover, expression of this oncogenic receptor was also postulated to be a marker of cancer stem cells. Opinions regarding the role that EGFRvIII plays in tumorigenesis and for tumor aggressiveness are clearly contradictory and, therefore, it is crucial not only to determine its mechanism of action, but also to unambiguously define its role at early and advanced cancer stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Rutkowska
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewelina Stoczyńska-Fidelus
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Polska Ltd., Milionowa 23, 93-193 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Research and Development, Personather Ltd., Milionowa 23, 93-193 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Janik
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aneta Włodarczyk
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Rieske
- Department of Tumor Biology, Medical University of Lodz, Zeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Research and Development, Celther Polska Ltd., Milionowa 23, 93-193 Lodz, Poland
- Department of Research and Development, Personather Ltd., Milionowa 23, 93-193 Lodz, Poland
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20
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Zou C, Zhu C, Guan G, Guo Q, Liu T, Shen S, Yan Z, Xu X, Lin Z, Chen L, Wu A, Cheng W. CD48 is a key molecule of immunomodulation affecting prognosis in glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:4181-4193. [PMID: 31213836 PMCID: PMC6549391 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s198762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Glioma is a refractory disease associated with immune cell infiltration, and the effectiveness of checkpoint blockade remains suboptimal. As an adhesion and costimulatory molecule, CD48 plays a significant role in immunomodulation. As such, studying CD48 may provide additional understanding of the immune and inflammation response of glioma. Methods: Using R language and GraphPad Prism 7, RNA sequencing data of 946 patients from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and The Cancer Genome Atlas cohorts were analyzed. Results: CD48 was highly expressed in the malignant progression of glioma. As an independent risk factor, high-CD48 patients were associated with poor prognosis. CD48 influenced glioma purity and the local immune cell subpopulation. CD48 was closely related to immune function in glioma. Patients with an enhanced immune phenotype, high CD48, were associated with immune suppressive molecules and checkpoints. In addition, CD48 correlated with the immune and inflammatory response. A checkpoint risk score including CD48, SLAMF8 and PD-L1 was used to assess the role of checkpoints. Risk score was particularly high in a malignant subtype of glioma and was an independent predictive indicator of unfavorable outcome. Additionally, age, IDH subtype and MGMT promoter status influenced the predictive significance of checkpoint risk score. Conclusion: CD48 exhibits a crucial role in reduced survival and immunomodulation in glioma. In addition, we found that checkpoints play a greater role in patients older than 40 years old with IDH wild-type and MGMT methylated status. These findings suggest that combining CD48 blockade with PD-L1 may be a promising approach to glioma immunotherapy for specific subpopulations of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cunyi Zou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gefei Guan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuai Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zihao Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medicine Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110122, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang150001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of People‘s Liberation Army of China (PLA), Medical College of PLA, Institute of Neurosurgery of PLA, Beijing100853, People’s Republic of China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning110001, People’s Republic of China
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Chiu SP, Batsaikhan B, Huang HM, Wang JY. Application of Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing to Investigate the Cytotoxic Effects of Andrographolide on U-87 MG Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Apoptosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E2275. [PMID: 31100944 PMCID: PMC6567347 DOI: 10.3390/s19102275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. In recent studies, the efficacy of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) has been investigated for GBM. We explored the effects of two exploratory compounds, the histone deacetylase SAHA and the natural product andrographolide, on Uppsala 87 Malignant Glioma (U-87 MG) cell migration and viability in comparison with the clinically used therapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ). We used the electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) system to monitor the migration of U-87 MG cells after treatment with various concentrations of these compounds. Moreover, we used the Alamar blue assay and western blotting to observe the concentration-dependent changes in the viability and apoptosis of U-87 MG cells. Our results demonstrated that both SAHA and andrographolide (10-300 μM) significantly inhibited GBM cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner, and 10 μM SAHA and 56 μM andrographolide demonstrated remarkable inhibitory effects on U-87 MG migration. Western blotting indicated that compared with TMZ, both SAHA and andrographolide induced higher expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, such as caspase-3, BAX, and PARP in U-87 MG cells. Furthermore, all three drugs downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, SAHA and andrographolide showed exceptional results in inhibiting cell migration and motility. The ECIS wound healing assay is a powerful technique to identify and screen potential therapeutic agents that can inhibit cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Po Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 10581, Taiwan.
| | - Buyandelger Batsaikhan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Huei-Mei Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
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Zhang H, Wang T, Liu H, Ren F, Qiu W, Sun Q, Yan F, Zheng H, Li Z, Gao M. Second near-infrared photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy of orthotopic malignant glioblastoma with ultra-small Cu 2-xSe nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7600-7608. [PMID: 30968107 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01789e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of malignant glioblastoma is a huge challenge due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier. Herein, we report the treatment of orthotopic malignant glioblastoma with imaging guided second near-infrared (NIR-II) photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy by using drug-loaded ultra-small Cu2-xSe theranostic nanoparticles (NPs). Ultra-small Cu2-xSe NPs possess a strong absorbance in the NIR-II window, and their absorption at 1064 nm is around 2 times that at 808 nm. Their strong NIR-II absorbance and the deeper-tissue penetration of NIR-II light ensure excellent photodynamic therapy performance under irradiation with a 1064 nm laser. We also demonstrate that ultra-small Cu2-xSe NPs can produce vast amounts of reactive oxygen species via electron transfer (for ˙OH generation) and energy transfer (for 1O2 generation) mechanisms under irradiation. In addition, these NPs can be effectively and locally transported into orthotopic malignant glioblastoma with the assistance of focused ultrasound. The deposited Cu2-xSe NPs can be used for photoacoustic imaging to guide the combined NIR-II photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy. The results show that the tumor growth can be significantly suppressed. This work demonstrates the great potential of drug-loaded ultra-small Cu2-xSe NPs as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of orthotopic malignant glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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Zhang L, Zhu Y, Cheng H, Zhang J, Zhu Y, Chen H, Chen L, Qi H, Ren G, Tang J, Zhong M, Hua W, Shi X, Li Q. The Increased Expression of Estrogen-Related Receptor α Correlates with Wnt5a and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Glioma. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:173-184. [PMID: 30322948 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Malignant glioma is an often fatal type of cancer. Elevated expression of the orphan nuclear receptor estrogen-related receptor alpha (ERRα) is an unfavorable factor for malignant progression and poor prognosis in several cancers, although the mechanism by which this receptor affects the pathophysiology of cancers remains obscure. However, few studies have been conducted in regard to the role of ERRα in glioma. In the current study, we found that elevated expression of ERRα was observed in 107 glioma cases by means of IHC. Clinically, high expression of ERRα was associated with later stages of disease progression and clinical outcome of patients with glioma. ERRα had the ability to promote cell proliferation and migration in glioma cell lines. Moreover, in a xenograft model, we also found that silencing ERRα had an inhibitory effect on the growth of glioma. Further investigation confirmed that ERRα was involved in the carcinogenesis of glioma via the regulation of the Wnt5a signal pathway in vitro and in vivo Our study was first to show the overexpression of ERRα in glioma tissues and a direct correlation between ERRα expression and clinical prognosis of glioma. Together, these data reveal that ERRα has prognostic significance in glioma, and targeting ERRα may provide a reliable therapeutic strategy for the treatment for human glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liudi Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfeng Zhu
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinsen Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqian Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifei Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijie Qi
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Ren
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianmin Tang
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingkang Zhong
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaojin Shi
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qunyi Li
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital North, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Pharmacy Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wu M, Zhang H, Tie C, Yan C, Deng Z, Wan Q, Liu X, Yan F, Zheng H. MR imaging tracking of inflammation-activatable engineered neutrophils for targeted therapy of surgically treated glioma. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4777. [PMID: 30429468 PMCID: PMC6235838 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based drug delivery systems have shown promising capability for tumor-targeted therapy owing to the intrinsic tumor-homing and drug-carrying property of some living cells. However, imaging tracking of their migration and bio-effects is urgently needed for clinical application, especially for glioma. Here, we report the inflammation-activatable engineered neutrophils by internalizing doxorubicin-loaded magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (ND-MMSNs) which can provide the potential for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging tracking of the drug-loaded cells to actively target inflamed brain tumor after surgical resection of primary tumor. The phagocytized D-MMSNs possess high drug loading efficiency and do not affect the host neutrophils’ viability, thus remarkably improving intratumoral drug concentration and delaying relapse of surgically treated glioma. Our study offers a new strategy in targeted cancer theranostics through combining the merits of living cells and nanoparticle carriers. Imaging tracking of the migration of cell-based drug delivery systems are needed for expanding their clinical application for glioma. Here they report inflammation activatable engineered neutrophils containing doxorubicin-loaded magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles to image and actively target brain tumors after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Wu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Haixian Zhang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Department of Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Changjun Tie
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518034, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Zhiting Deng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China.
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Abstract
Pediatric brain tumors are the primary cause of cancer-related death during childhood. Unfortunately, the number of primary and metastatic brain tumors is steadily increasing while the mortality rates for many central nervous system (CNS) lesions have remained stagnant. Molecularly defined tumor classes have been added to the most recent 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of Central Nervous System Brain Tumors, driving potential new treatments and identifying targets to improve survival for these patients. Focusing on the genetic mutations most commonly seen in the pediatric CNS tumor population provides the ability to better define tumors based on shared molecular characteristics. Consequently, there is the potential for greater efficacy in targeted therapy to treat these identified genetic aberrations. Understanding the growing importance of molecular diagnosis in pediatric CNS tumors is vital to successfully using novel targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes.
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Chen S, Le T, Harley BAC, Imoukhuede PI. Characterizing Glioblastoma Heterogeneity via Single-Cell Receptor Quantification. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:92. [PMID: 30050899 PMCID: PMC6050407 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of tyrosine kinase receptor (RTK) signaling pathways play important roles in glioblastoma (GBM). However, therapies targeting these signaling pathways have not been successful, partially because of drug resistance. Increasing evidence suggests that tumor heterogeneity, more specifically, GBM-associated stem and endothelial cell heterogeneity, may contribute to drug resistance. In this perspective article, we introduce a high-throughput, quantitative approach to profile plasma membrane RTKs on single cells. First, we review the roles of RTKs in cancer. Then, we discuss the sources of cell heterogeneity in GBM, providing context to the key cells directing resistance to drugs. Finally, we present our provisionally patented qFlow cytometry approach, and report results of a "proof of concept" patient-derived xenograft GBM study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Thien Le
- Department of Mathematics and Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
| | - Brendan A. C. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - P. I. Imoukhuede
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, United States
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Taghizadehghalehjoughi A, Hacimuftuoglu A, Cetin M, Ugur AB, Galateanu B, Mezhuev Y, Okkay U, Taspinar N, Taspinar M, Uyanik A, Gundogdu B, Mohammadzadeh M, Nalci KA, Stivaktakis P, Tsatsakis A, Jung TW, Jeong JH, El-Aty AMA. Effect of metformin/irinotecan-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles on glioblastoma: in vitro and in vivo studies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:1595-1606. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of irinotecan hydrochloride (IRI)- or metformin hydrochloride (MET)-loaded poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme using in vitro neuron and U-87 MG glioblastoma cell cultures and in vivo animal model. Methods: The cytotoxic and neurotoxic effects of pure drugs, blank NPs and MET- and IRI-loaded PLGA NPs were investigated in vitro (using methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay) and in vivo (using Cavalieri's principle for estimation of cancer volume).Results: 1 and 2 mM doses of MET and MET-loaded PLGA NPs, respectively, significantly reduced the volume of extracted cancer. Conclusion: Consequently, MET- and IRI-loaded PLGA NPs may be a promising approach for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Meltem Cetin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Afife Busra Ugur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Bianca Galateanu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095, District 5, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Yaroslav Mezhuev
- Center of Biomaterials, D Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Miusskaya Sq. 9, 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ufuk Okkay
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Numan Taspinar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Taspinar
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Uyanik
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Betul Gundogdu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Maryam Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Kemal Alp Nalci
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Polychronis Stivaktakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Toxplus SA, University of Crete Spin-Off, 71601, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
- Toxplus SA, University of Crete Spin-Off, 71601, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Tae Woo Jung
- Research Administration Team, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - AM Abd El-Aty
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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Wu M, Chen W, Chen Y, Zhang H, Liu C, Deng Z, Sheng Z, Chen J, Liu X, Yan F, Zheng H. Focused Ultrasound-Augmented Delivery of Biodegradable Multifunctional Nanoplatforms for Imaging-Guided Brain Tumor Treatment. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700474. [PMID: 29721406 PMCID: PMC5908350 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The blood brain barrier is the main obstacle to delivering diagnostic and therapeutic agents to the diseased sites of brain. It is still of great challenge for the combined use of focused ultrasound (FUS) and theranostic nanotechnology to achieve noninvasive and localized delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into orthotopic brain tumor. In this work, a unique theranostic nanoplatform for highly efficient photoacoustic imaging-guided chemotherapy of brain tumor both in vitro and in vivo, which is based on the utilization of hollow mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (HMONs) to integrate ultrasmall Cu2-x Se particles on the surface and doxorubicin inside the hollow interior, is synthesized. The developed multifunctional theranostic nanosystems exhibit tumor-triggered programmed destruction due to the reducing microenvironment-responsive cleavage of disulfide bonds that are incorporated into the framework of HMONs and linked between HMONs and Cu2-x Se, resulting in tumor-specific biodegradation and on-demand drug-releasing behavior. Such tumor microenvironment-responsive biodegradable and biocompatible theranostic nanosystems in combination with FUS provide a promising delivery nanoplatform with high performance for orthotopic brain tumor imaging and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiying Wu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institute of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050P. R. China
| | - Haixian Zhang
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Chengbo Liu
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Zhiting Deng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Zonghai Sheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Jingqin Chen
- Research Laboratory for Biomedical Optics and Molecular ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Xin Liu
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
| | - Hairong Zheng
- Paul C. Lauterbur Research Center for Biomedical ImagingInstitute of Biomedical and Health EngineeringShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen518055P. R. China
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Guan Y, Chen J, Zhan Y, Lu H. Effects of dexamethasone on C6 cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the upregulation of AQP1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7595-7602. [PMID: 29740485 PMCID: PMC5934719 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dexamethasone (Dex) is commonly used to treat glioma; however, the mechanism underlying the action of Dex remains unclear. In the present study, the hypothesis that aquaporin-1 (AQP1) may participate in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion was tested using small interfering RNA (siRNA). The results of the current study indicated that Dex could inhibit the proliferation, in addition to promoting the migration, of C6 cells. Dex was indicated to promote the expression of AQP1. Downregulation of AQP1, achieved using siRNAs, demonstrated the inhibition of cell proliferation, promotion of cell migration and suppression of invasion; therefore, Dex was indicated to serve a role in these effects in the C6 cells, via the upregulation of AQP1. This demonstrated that AQP1 could be utilized as a novel therapeutic target, with the aim of inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guan
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, Hainan 570102, P.R. China
| | - Jianqiang Chen
- Department of Radiology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Yuefu Zhan
- Department of Radiology, Haikou People's Hospital, Haikou, Hainan 570208, P.R. China
| | - Hong Lu
- Department of Radiology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400054, P.R. China
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31
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Zhao XW, Zhan YB, Bao JJ, Zhou JQ, Zhang FJ, Bin Y, Bai YH, Wang YM, Zhang ZY, Liu XZ. Clinicopathological analysis of HOXD4 expression in diffuse gliomas and its correlation with IDH mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115657-115666. [PMID: 29383189 PMCID: PMC5777801 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds HOX (homologous box) is known as the dominant gene of vertebrate growth and cell differentiation. Abnormal expression of HOX gene in various tumors has attracted the attention of scholars. As a component of HOX clusters, HOXD4 plays a controversial role in the tumorigenesis of central nervous system. Results The data demonstrated that and the results demonstrated that HOXD4 was overexpressed in glioma tissues compared to that of normal brain tissues. patients with high HOXD4 expression had a significant shorter survival than those with low HOXD4 expression in total glioma cohort (p<0.001), WHO Grade II cohort (p=0.003) and Grade III cohort (p<0.001), but not in Grade IV cohort when OS (overall survival) was analyzed (p=0.216). The findings were confirmed by the large-scale omics data analysis including lower-grade glioma (LGG) and glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in TCGA (the cancer genome atlas) and CGGA (Chinese glioma genome atlas). Moreover, it was revealed that the expression of HOXD4 have a significant impact on the OS of Grade IV glioma with IDH wild-type and 1p/19q intact according to TCGA data. Methods Clinicopathological analysis of HOXD4 expression in 453 glioma patients was performed in the current study. Expression of HOXD4 was evaluated by qPCR and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted to investigate the prognostic role of HOXD4 in glioma patients. Conclusions Expression of HOXD4 was closely related to the clinical outcomes of patients with gliomas, and HOXD4 may be a potential prognostic biomarker of gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yun-Bo Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jian-Ji Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jin-Qiao Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Feng-Jiang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yu Bin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Ya-Hui Bai
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yan-Min Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xian-Zhi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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32
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Ningaraj N, Salimath B, Sankpal U, Perera R, Vats T. Targeted Brain Tumor Treatment-Current Perspectives. Drug Target Insights 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/117739280700200008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N.S. Ningaraj
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hoskins Center, Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Mercer University Medical School, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, GA 31404, U.S.A
| | - B.P. Salimath
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - U.T. Sankpal
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hoskins Center, Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Mercer University Medical School, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, GA 31404, U.S.A
| | - R Perera
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hoskins Center, Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Mercer University Medical School, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, GA 31404, U.S.A
| | - T Vats
- Department of Pediatric Neurooncology and Molecular Pharmacology, Hoskins Center, Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Mercer University Medical School, 4700 Waters Avenue, Savannah, GA 31404, U.S.A
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Abstract
Background: The prognosis for most patients with primary brain tumors remains poor. Recent advances in molecular and cell biology have led to a greater understanding of molecular alterations in brain tumors. These advances are being translated into new therapies that will hopefully improve the prognosis for patients with brain tumors. Methods: We reviewed the literature on small molecule targeted agents and monoclonal antibodies used in brain tumor research and brain tumor clinical trials for the past 20 years. Results: Brain tumors commonly express molecular abnormalities. These alterations can lead to the activation of cell pathways involved in cell proliferation. This knowledge has led to interest in novel anti-brain-tumor therapies targeting key components of these pathways. Many drugs and monoclonal antibodies have been developed that modulate these pathways and are in various stages of testing. Conclusions: The use of targeted therapies against brain tumors promises to improve the prognosis for patients with brain tumors. However, as the molecular pathogenesis of brain tumors has not been linked to a single genetic defect or target, molecular agents may need to be used in combinations or in tandem with cytotoxic agents. Further study of these agents in well-designed cooperative clinical trials is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Butowski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0350, USA
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34
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Bianco J, Bastiancich C, Jankovski A, des Rieux A, Préat V, Danhier F. On glioblastoma and the search for a cure: where do we stand? Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2451-2466. [PMID: 28210785 PMCID: PMC11107640 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although brain tumours have been documented and recorded since the nineteenth century, 2016 marked 90 years since Percival Bailey and Harvey Cushing coined the term "glioblastoma multiforme". Since that time, although extensive developments in diagnosis and treatment have been made, relatively little improvement on prognosis has been achieved. The resilience of GBM thus makes treating this tumour one of the biggest challenges currently faced by neuro-oncology. Aggressive and robust development, coupled with difficulties of complete resection, drug delivery and therapeutic resistance to treatment are some of the main issues that this nemesis presents today. Current treatments are far from satisfactory with poor prognosis, and focus on palliative management rather than curative intervention. However, therapeutic research leading to developments in novel treatment stratagems show promise in combating this disease. Here we present a review on GBM, looking at the history and advances which have shaped neurosurgery over the last century that cumulate to the present day management of GBM, while also exploring future perspectives in treatment options that could lead to new treatments on the road to a cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Bianco
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Chiara Bastiancich
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Jankovski
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Hippocrate B1.54.10, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHU UCL Namur, Avenue G. Thérasse 1, 5530, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Anne des Rieux
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Université catholique de Louvain, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Véronique Préat
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Fabienne Danhier
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Université catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, bte B1 73.12, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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Xu P, Tao X, Zhao C, Huang Q, Chang H, Ban N, Bei Y, Xia X, Shen C, Wang K, Xu L, Wu P, Ren J, Wang D. DTX3L is upregulated in glioma and is associated with glioma progression. Int J Mol Med 2017. [PMID: 28627634 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). Due to the poor prognosis of glioma patients, it is urgent to develop more effective therapies. Deltex-3-like (DTX3L), also known as B-lymphoma and BAL-associated protein (BBAP), has been reported to play an important role in the progression of many tumors. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance and biological function of DTX3L in human glioma. Clinically, the protein expression level of DTX3L is increased in glioma tissues compared with that observed in normal brain tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that DTX3L was highly expressed in the glioma tissues and its level was correlated with the grade of malignancy. Multivariate analysis revealed the association between high expression of DTX3L and the poor prognosis of glioma patients. In addition, knockdown of DTX3L by siRNA transfection increased glioma cell apoptosis. Moreover, suppression of DTX3L expression was shown to significantly inhibit the migration and invasion of glioma cells. These data indicate that DTX3L plays an important role in the pathogenic process of glioma, suggesting that DTX3L could be a potential prognostic biomarker for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xuelei Tao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Chengjin Zhao
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Hao Chang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Na Ban
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yuanqi Bei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Xia
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyan Shen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Peizhang Wu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Jianbing Ren
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Donglin Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
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Xu H, Zong H, Ma C, Ming X, Shang M, Li K, He X, Du H, Cao L. Epidermal growth factor receptor in glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:512-516. [PMID: 28693199 PMCID: PMC5494611 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are commonly occurring in glioblastoma. Enhanced activation of EGFR can occur through a variety of different mechanisms, both ligand-dependent and ligand-independent. Numerous evidence has suggested that EGFR is overexpressed in most of primary glioblastomas and some of the secondary glioblastomas and is characteristic of more aggressive glioblastoma phenotypes. Additionally, recent studies have revealed that wild-type EGFR, and to a greater extent hyper-activating EGFR mutants induced a substantial upregulation of Fyn expression. Furthermore, it was determined that Fyn expression is upregulated across a panel of patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) relative to normal progenitor controls. Moreover, researchers are continuously involved in elucidation of novel mechanism linking EGFR EGFR-expressing glioblastoma. The present review highlights current aspects of EGFR receptor in glioblastoma and concludes that the concept of EGFR signaling and related receptors and associated factors is evolving, however, it needs detailed evaluation for future clinical applications in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Hailiang Zong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Chong Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Xing Ming
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Ming Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoguang He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Hai Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Lei Cao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital of Xuzhou, Affiliated Hospital of Southeast University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
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Tang SL, Gao YL, Hu WZ. PAQR3 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion in human glioma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 92:24-32. [PMID: 28528182 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Progestin and AdipoQ Receptor 3 (PAQR3), a member of the PAQR family, is down-regulated in several types of cancers and has been closely associated with tumor progression and development. However, little is known about the functions of PAQR3 in the tumorigenesis of human glioma. Therefore, in this report, we investigated the role of PAQR3 in human glioma. Our results showed that the expression of PAQR3 was significantly reduced in human glioma tissues and cell lines. PAQR3 overexpression inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells in vitro and attenuated tumor xenograft growth in vivo. In addition, PAQR3 overexpression suppressed the migration and invasion of glioma cells, as well as prevented the EMT process. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that PAQR3 overexpression significantly down-regulated the levels of phosphorylated PI3K and Akt in U251 cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PAQR3 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion in glioma cells, at least in part, through the inactivation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Therefore, PAQR3 may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Lei Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuan-Lin Gao
- Department of Neurology, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhong Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China.
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38
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Suppression of the Smurf1 Expression Inhibits Tumor Progression in Gliomas. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2017; 38:421-430. [PMID: 28321604 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-017-0485-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, one of the common malignant brain tumors, results in the highly death, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Smurf1, a member of Nedd4 family of HECT-type ligases, has been reported to contribute to tumorigenicity through several important biological pathways. Recently, it was also found to participate in modulate cellular processes, including morphogenesis, autophagy, growth, and cell migration. In this research, we reported the clinical guiding significance of the expression of Smurf1 in human glioma tissues and cell lines. Western blotting analysis discovered that the expression of Smurf1 was increased with WHO grade. Immunohistochemistry levels discovered that high expression of Smurf1 is closely consistent with poor prognosis of glioma. In addition, suppression of Smurf1 can reduce cell invasion and increase the E-cadherin expression, which is a marker of invasion. Our study firstly demonstrated that Smurf1 may promote glioma cell invasion and suppression of the Smurf1 may provide a novel treatment strategy for glioma.
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39
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Gao X, Yu T, Xu G, Guo G, Liu X, Hu X, Wang X, Liu Y, Mao Q, You C, Zhou L. Enhancing the anti-glioma therapy of doxorubicin by honokiol with biodegradable self-assembling micelles through multiple evaluations. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43501. [PMID: 28240249 PMCID: PMC5327495 DOI: 10.1038/srep43501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is an important protocol in glioma therapy and honokiol shows synergistic anticancer effects with doxorubicin. In this paper, honokiol (HK) and doxorubicin (Dox) co-loaded Methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (MPEG-PCL) nanoparticles were prepared with a assembly method. The particle size (about 34 nm), morphology, X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), in vitro release profile, cytotoxicity and cell proliferation effects were studied in detail. The results indicated that honokiol and doxorubicin could be efficiently loaded into MPEG-PCL nanoparticles simultaneously, and could be released from the micelles in an extended period in vitro. In addition, honokiol and doxorubicin loaded in MPEG-PCL nanoparticles could efficiently suppress glioma cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis in vitro. Furthermore, Dox-HK-MPEG-PCL micelles inhibited glioma growth more significantly than Dox-MPEG-PCL and HK-MPEG-PCL in both nude mice and zebrafish tumor models. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that DOX-HK-MPEG-PCL micelles improved Dox's anti-tumor effect by enhancing tumor cell apoptosis, suppressing tumor cell proliferation, and inhibiting angiogenesis. Our data suggest that Dox-HK-MPEG-PCL micelles have the potential to be applied clinically in glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
- Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Guangya Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Gang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Qing Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Chao You
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
- Institute of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation center, Chengdu, 610041, PR China
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40
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Hu Q, Kang T, Feng J, Zhu Q, Jiang T, Yao J, Jiang X, Chen J. Tumor Microenvironment and Angiogenic Blood Vessels Dual-Targeting for Enhanced Anti-Glioma Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:23568-23579. [PMID: 27580101 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in active targeting drug delivery system (DDS) have revolutionized glioma diagnosis and therapy. However, the lack of the sufficient targets on glioma cells and limited penetration capability of DDS have significantly compromised the treatment efficacy. In this study, by taking advantages of the abundant extracellular matrix-derived heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and enhanced tumor penetration ability mediated by neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) protein, we reported the ATWLPPR and CGKRK peptide dual-decorated nanoparticulate DDS (designated AC-NP) to achieve angiogenic blood vessels and tumor microenvironment dual-targeting effect. The resulted AC-NP displayed the particle size of 123 ± 19.47 nm. Enhanced cellular association of AC-NP was achieved on HUVEC cells and U87MG cells. AC-NP was internalized via caveolin- and lipid raft-mediated mechanism with the involvement of energy and lysosome in HUVEC cells and via caveolin- and lipid raft-mediated pathway with the participation of energy, microtubulin, and lysosome in U87MG cells. After loading with anticancer drug, paclitaxel (PTX), the enhanced apoptosis induction and antiproliferative activity were achieved by AC-NP. Furthermore, in vitro U87MG tumor spheroids assays showed a deeper penetration and an enhanced inhibitory effect against the U87MG tumor spheroids achieved by AC-NP. In vivo animal experiment showed that decoration of AC peptide on the nanoparticulate DDS resulted in extensive accumulation at glioma site and improved anti-glioma efficacy. Collectively, the results suggested that AC-NP holds great promise to serve as an effective tumor blood vessel and tumor microenvironment dual-targeting DDS with enhanced penetration capability, holding great potential in improving anti-glioma efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanyin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Kang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianze Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhui Yao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinguo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University , Lane 826, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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41
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Wang Z, Hu P, Tang F, Lian H, Chen X, Zhang Y, He X, Liu W, Xie C. HDAC6 promotes cell proliferation and confers resistance to temozolomide in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2016; 379:134-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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42
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Jeuken JWM, van der Maazen RWM, Wesseling P. Molecular Diagnostics as a Tool to Personalize Treatment in Adult Glioma Patients. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2016; 5:215-29. [PMID: 16700618 DOI: 10.1177/153303460600500305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas, the most frequent primary brain tumors in humans, form a heterogeneous group, encompassing many different histological types and malignancy grades. Within this group, the diffuse infiltrative gliomas are by far the most common in adults. The major representatives in this subgroup are the diffuse astrocytic, oligodendroglial, and mixed oligo-astrocytic tumors. Especially in these diffuse gliomas, the role of molecular diagnostics is rapidly increasing. After summarizing the most relevant genetic aberrations and pathways in these tumors detected up till now, this review will discuss the clinical relevance of this information. Several molecular markers have been identified in diffuse gliomas that carry diagnostic and prognostic information. In addition, some of these and other markers predict the response of these gliomas to particular (chemo)therapeutic approaches. The techniques used to obtain this molecular information, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the different techniques will be discussed. Finally, future perspectives will be presented with regard to the contribution of molecular diagnostics to tailor-made therapy in glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith W M Jeuken
- Department of Pathology, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences (NCMLS), Radboud University Nijmegen, Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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43
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Heffron TP, Ndubaku CO, Salphati L, Alicke B, Cheong J, Drobnick J, Edgar K, Gould SE, Lee LB, Lesnick JD, Lewis C, Nonomiya J, Pang J, Plise EG, Sideris S, Wallin J, Wang L, Zhang X, Olivero AG. Discovery of Clinical Development Candidate GDC-0084, a Brain Penetrant Inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:351-6. [PMID: 27096040 PMCID: PMC4834666 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
![]()
Inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase
(PI3K) signaling is an appealing approach to treat brain tumors, especially
glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We previously disclosed our successful
approach to prospectively design potent and blood–brain barrier
(BBB) penetrating PI3K inhibitors. The previously disclosed molecules
were ultimately deemed not suitable for clinical development due to
projected poor metabolic stability in humans. We, therefore, extended
our studies to identify a BBB penetrating inhibitor of PI3K that was
also projected to be metabolically stable in human. These efforts
required identification of a distinct scaffold for PI3K inhibitors
relative to our previous efforts and ultimately resulted in the identification
of GDC-0084 (16). The discovery and preclinical characterization
of this molecule are described within.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P. Heffron
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Chudi O. Ndubaku
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Laurent Salphati
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Bruno Alicke
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jonathan Cheong
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Joy Drobnick
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Kyle Edgar
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Stephen E. Gould
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Leslie B. Lee
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - John D. Lesnick
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Cristina Lewis
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jim Nonomiya
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jodie Pang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Emile G. Plise
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Steve Sideris
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Jeffrey Wallin
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lan Wang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Alan G. Olivero
- Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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44
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Chen F, Becker A, LoTurco J. Overview of Transgenic Glioblastoma and Oligoastrocytoma CNS Models and Their Utility in Drug Discovery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 72:14.37.1-14.37.12. [PMID: 26995546 DOI: 10.1002/0471141755.ph1437s72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Many animal models have been developed to investigate the sources of central nervous system (CNS) tumor heterogeneity. Reviewed in this unit is a recently developed CNS tumor model using the piggyBac transposon system delivered by in utero electroporation, in which sources of tumor heterogeneity can be conveniently studied. Their applications for studying CNS tumors and drug discovery are also reviewed. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyi Chen
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Conn.,Current address: Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn
| | - Albert Becker
- Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joseph LoTurco
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Conn
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45
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Kostoro J, Chang SJ, Clark Lai YC, Wu CC, Chai CY, Kwan AL. Overexpression of vascular adhesion protein-1 is associated with poor prognosis of astrocytomas. APMIS 2016; 124:462-8. [PMID: 26935340 DOI: 10.1111/apm.12525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1) is one of the endothelial adhesion molecules that is believed to play a role in tumor progression and metastasis, supporting cancer cell extravasation. Very few studies have been performed on analyzing the contribution of VAP-1 in brain tumor. Astrocytomas are the most common type of brain tumors, which are classified by World Health Organization (WHO) into four grades according to the degree of malignancy. This study was designed to investigate VAP-1 expression level in different astrocytoma grades and its correlation with clinicopathological features as well as prognosis of astrocytoma patients. Eighty-seven patients with different grades of astrocytoma (WHO Grade I-Grade IV) were enrolled in this study. The expression of VAP-1 was assayed by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between VAP-1 expression and clinicopathological features was evaluated by Chi-square test, and overall survival was analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was applied to analyze the independent influence of each parameter on overall survival. The expression level of VAP-1 was significantly higher in diffuse astrocytoma than those of pilocytic astrocytoma (p < 0.0001). In the subgroup analysis, upregulated VAP-1 expression was frequently found in older age patients (≥50 years). The VAP-1 expression was found to be significantly correlated with the overall survival (p = 0.0002). There was a statistical correlation between VAP-1(high) tumors in diffuse astrocytoma and VAP-1(low) tumors in pilocytic astrocytoma (p < 0.0001). Multivariate Cox analysis indicated VAP-1 was an independent predictive marker for poorer prognosis (p = 0.0036). Therefore, VAP-1 could be a promising prognostic biomarker in astrocytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kostoro
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Jyuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Chang Clark Lai
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wu
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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46
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NAMBA HIROKI, KAWAJI HIROSHI, YAMASAKI TOMOHIRO. Use of genetically engineered stem cells for glioma therapy. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:9-15. [PMID: 26870161 PMCID: PMC4726949 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common and most malignant type of primary brain tumor, is associated with poor prognosis, even when treated using combined therapies, including surgery followed by concomitant radiotherapy with temozolomide-based chemotherapy. The invasive nature of this type of tumor is a major reason underlying treatment failure. The tumor-tropic ability of neural and mesenchymal stem cells offers an alternative therapeutic approach, where these cells may be used as vehicles for the invasion of tumors. Stem cell-based therapy is particularly attractive due to its tumor selectivity, meaning that the stem cells are able to target tumor cells without harming healthy brain tissue, as well as the extensive tumor tropism of stem cells when delivering anti-tumor substances, even to distant tumor microsatellites. Stem cells have previously been used to deliver cytokine genes, suicide genes and oncolytic viruses. The present review will summarize current trends in experimental studies of stem cell-based gene therapy against gliomas, and discuss the potential concerns for translating these promising strategies into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- HIROKI NAMBA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - HIROSHI KAWAJI
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
| | - TOMOHIRO YAMASAKI
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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47
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Gao S, Li J, Jiang C, Hong B, Hao B. Plasmid pORF-hTRAIL targeting to glioma using transferrin-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 10:1-11. [PMID: 26719669 PMCID: PMC4690643 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s95843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A gene drug delivery system for glioma therapy based on transferrin (Tf)-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) was prepared. Gene drug, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (hTRAIL)-encoding plasmid open reading frame (pORF-hTRAIL, Trail), was condensed by Tf-modified PAMAM to form nanoparticles (NPs). PAMAM-PEG-Tf/DNA NPs showed higher cellular uptake, in vitro gene expression, and cytotoxicity than PAMAM-PEG/DNA NPs in C6 cells. The in vivo targeting efficacy of NPs was visualized by ex vivo fluorescence imaging. Tf-modified NPs showed obvious glioma-targeting trend. Plasmid encoding green fluorescence protein (GFP) was also condensed by modified or unmodified PAMAM to evaluate the in vivo gene expression level. The PAMAM-PEG-Tf/plasmid encoding enhanced green fluorescence protein (pEGFP) NPs exhibited higher GFP expression level than PAMAM-PEG/pEGFP NPs. TUNEL assay revealed that Tf-modified NPs could induce much more tumor apoptosis. The median survival time of PAMAM-PEG-Tf/Trail-treated rats (28.5 days) was longer than that of rats treated with PAMAM-PEG/Trail (25.5 days), temozolomide (24.5 days), PAMAM-PEG-Tf/pEGFP (19 days), or saline (17 days). The therapeutic effect was further confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. This study demonstrated that targeting gene delivery system had potential application for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Hao
- Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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48
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Wang H, Xu T, Jiang Y, Xu H, Yan Y, Fu D, Chen J. The challenges and the promise of molecular targeted therapy in malignant gliomas. Neoplasia 2015; 17:239-55. [PMID: 25810009 PMCID: PMC4372648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are the most common malignant primary brain tumors and one of the most challenging forms of cancers to treat. Despite advances in conventional treatment, the outcome for patients remains almost universally fatal. This poor prognosis is due to therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence after surgical removal. However, over the past decade, molecular targeted therapy has held the promise of transforming the care of malignant glioma patients. Significant progress in understanding the molecular pathology of gliomagenesis and maintenance of the malignant phenotypes will open opportunities to rationally develop new molecular targeted therapy options. Recently, therapeutic strategies have focused on targeting pro-growth signaling mediated by receptor tyrosine kinase/RAS/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, proangiogenic pathways, and several other vital intracellular signaling networks, such as proteasome and histone deacetylase. However, several factors such as cross-talk between the altered pathways, intratumoral molecular heterogeneity, and therapeutic resistance of glioma stem cells (GSCs) have limited the activity of single agents. Efforts are ongoing to study in depth the complex molecular biology of glioma, develop novel regimens targeting GSCs, and identify biomarkers to stratify patients with the individualized molecular targeted therapy. Here, we review the molecular alterations relevant to the pathology of malignant glioma, review current advances in clinical targeted trials, and discuss the challenges, controversies, and future directions of molecular targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanchong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da Fu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Juxiang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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49
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Wu ZB, Cai L, Lin SJ, Leng ZG, Guo YH, Yang WL, Chu YW, Yang SH, Zhao WG. Heat Shock Protein 47 Promotes Glioma Angiogenesis. Brain Pathol 2015; 26:31-42. [PMID: 25758142 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) is a collagen-binding protein, which has been recently found to express in glioma vessels. However, the expression profile of HSP47 in glioma patients and the underlying mechanisms of HSP47 on glioma angiogenesis are not fully explored. In the current study, we found that expression of HSP47 in glioma vessels was correlated with the grades of gliomas. HSP47 knockdown by siRNAs significantly decreased cell viability in vitro and tumor volume in vivo; moreover, it reduced the microvessel density (MVD) by CD31 immunohistochemistry in vivo. HSP47 knockdown significantly inhibited tube formation, invasion and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Furthermore, conditional medium derived from HSP47 knockdown cells significantly inhibited HUVECs tube formation and migration, while it increased chemosensitivity of HUVECs cells to Avastin. Silencing of HSP47 decreased VEGF expression in glioma cells consistently, and reduced glioma vasculature. Furthermore, HSP47 promoted glioma angiogenesis through HIF1α-VEGFR2 signaling. The present study demonstrates that HSP47 promotes glioma angiogenesis and highlights the importance of HSP47 as an attractive therapeutic target of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Bao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Cai
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shao Jian Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi Gen Leng
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Hang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wen Lei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wei Chu
- Department of Immunology and Biotherapy Research Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Hua Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Wei Guo Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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50
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Xyloketal B suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro through inhibiting TRPM7-regulated PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Mar Drugs 2015; 13:2505-25. [PMID: 25913706 PMCID: PMC4413223 DOI: 10.3390/md13042505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive type of brain tumors, has devastatingly proliferative and invasive characteristics. The need for finding a novel and specific drug target is urgent as the current approaches have limited therapeutic effects in treating glioblastoma. Xyloketal B is a marine compound obtained from mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. (No. 2508) from the South China Sea, and has displayed antioxidant activity and protective effects on endothelial and neuronal oxidative injuries. In this study, we used a glioblastoma U251 cell line to (1) explore the effects of xyloketal B on cell viability, proliferation, and migration; and (2) investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways. MTT assay, colony formation, wound healing, western blot, and patch clamp techniques were employed. We found that xyloketal B reduced cell viability, proliferation, and migration of U251 cells. In addition, xyloketal B decreased p-Akt and p-ERK1/2 protein expressions. Furthermore, xyloketal B blocked TRPM7 currents in HEK-293 cells overexpressing TRPM7. These effects were confirmed by using a TRPM7 inhibitor, carvacrol, in a parallel experiment. Our findings indicate that TRPM7-regulated PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling is involved in anti-proliferation and migration effects of xyloketal B on U251 cells, providing in vitro evidence for the marine compound xyloketal B to be a potential drug for treating glioblastoma.
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