1
|
Torres-Herrero B, Armenia I, Ortiz C, de la Fuente JM, Betancor L, Grazú V. Opportunities for nanomaterials in enzyme therapy. J Control Release 2024; 372:619-647. [PMID: 38909702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, enzyme therapy strategies have rapidly evolved to catalyze essential biochemical reactions with therapeutic potential. These approaches hold particular promise in addressing rare genetic disorders, cancer treatment, neurodegenerative conditions, wound healing, inflammation management, and infectious disease control, among others. There are several primary reasons for the utilization of enzymes as therapeutics: their substrate specificity, their biological compatibility, and their ability to generate a high number of product molecules per enzyme unit. These features have encouraged their application in enzyme replacement therapy where the enzyme serves as the therapeutic agent to rectify abnormal metabolic and physiological processes, enzyme prodrug therapy where the enzyme initiates a clinical effect by activating prodrugs, and enzyme dynamic or starving therapy where the enzyme acts upon host substrate molecules. Currently, there are >20 commercialized products based on therapeutic enzymes, but approval rates are considerably lower than other biologicals. This has stimulated nanobiotechnology in the last years to develop nanoparticle-based solutions that integrate therapeutic enzymes. This approach aims to enhance stability, prevent rapid clearance, reduce immunogenicity, and even enable spatio-temporal activation of the therapeutic catalyst. This comprehensive review delves into emerging trends in the application of therapeutic enzymes, with a particular emphasis on the synergistic opportunities presented by incorporating enzymes into nanomaterials. Such integration holds the promise of enhancing existing therapies or even paving the way for innovative nanotherapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Torres-Herrero
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC/Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Edificio I+D, Mariano Esquillor Gómez, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ilaria Armenia
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC/Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Edificio I+D, Mariano Esquillor Gómez, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cecilia Ortiz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Mercedes 1237, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Jesús Martinez de la Fuente
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC/Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Edificio I+D, Mariano Esquillor Gómez, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Betancor
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad ORT Uruguay, Mercedes 1237, 11100 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria Grazú
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC/Universidad de Zaragoza, c/ Edificio I+D, Mariano Esquillor Gómez, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Avenida Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chu B, Deng H, Niu T, Qu Y, Qian Z. Stimulus-Responsive Nano-Prodrug Strategies for Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Camptothecin Delivery. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2301271. [PMID: 38085682 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a highly cytotoxic molecule with excellent antitumor activity against various cancers. However, its clinical application is severely limited by poor water solubility, easy inactivation, and severe toxicity. Structural modifications and nanoformulations represent two crucial avenues for camptothecin's development. However, the potential for further structural modifications is limited, and camptothecin nanoparticles fabricated via physical loading have the drawbacks of low drug loading and leakage. Prodrug-based CPT nanoformulations have shown unique advantages, including increased drug loading, reduced burst release, improved bioavailability, and minimal toxic side effects. Stimulus-responsive CPT nano-prodrugs that respond to various endogenous or exogenous stimuli by introducing various activatable linkers to achieve spatiotemporally responsive drug release at the tumor site. This review comprehensively summarizes the latest research advances in stimulus-responsive CPT nano-prodrugs, including preparation strategies, responsive release mechanisms, and their applications in cancer therapy. Special focus is placed on the release mechanisms and characteristics of various stimulus-responsive CPT nano-prodrugs and their application in cancer treatment. Furthermore, clinical applications of CPT prodrugs are discussed. Finally, challenges and future research directions for CPT nano-prodrugs are discussed. This review to be valuable to readers engaged in prodrug research is expected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyang Chu
- Department of Hematology and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hanzhi Deng
- Department of Hematology and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ting Niu
- Department of Hematology and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Ying Qu
- Department of Hematology and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of Hematology and Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Senkina J, Knapp S. Incorporation of an Isohexide Subunit into the Endochin-like Quinolone Scaffold. Molecules 2024; 29:3615. [PMID: 39125020 PMCID: PMC11314205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29153615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the drug-likeness qualities, the antimalarial endochin-like quinolone (ELQ) scaffold has been modified by replacing the 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl portion with an isoidide unit that is further adjustable by varying the distal O-substituents. As expected, the water solubilities of the new analogs are greatly improved, and the melting points are lower. However, the antimalarial potency of the new analogs is reduced to EC50 > 1 millimolar, a result ascribable to the hydrophilic nature of the new substitution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Spencer Knapp
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 123 Bevier Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tu Y, Gong J, Mou J, Jiang H, Zhao H, Gao J. Strategies for the development of stimuli-responsive small molecule prodrugs for cancer treatment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1434137. [PMID: 39144632 PMCID: PMC11322083 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1434137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Approved anticancer drugs typically face challenges due to their narrow therapeutic window, primarily because of high systemic toxicity and limited selectivity for tumors. Prodrugs are initially inactive drug molecules designed to undergo specific chemical modifications. These modifications render the drugs inactive until they encounter specific conditions or biomarkers in vivo, at which point they are converted into active drug molecules. This thoughtful design significantly improves the efficacy of anticancer drug delivery by enhancing tumor specificity and minimizing off-target effects. Recent advancements in prodrug design have focused on integrating these strategies with delivery systems like liposomes, micelles, and polymerosomes to further improve targeting and reduce side effects. This review outlines strategies for designing stimuli-responsive small molecule prodrugs focused on cancer treatment, emphasizing their chemical structures and the mechanisms controlling drug release. By providing a comprehensive overview, we aim to highlight the potential of these innovative approaches to revolutionize cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Tu
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianbao Gong
- Qingdao Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Mou
- Department of Neonatology, Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Hongfei Jiang
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiake Gao
- The Afffliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ok HW, Jin S, Park G, Jana B, Ryu JH. Folic Acid-Functionalized β-Cyclodextrin for Delivery of Organelle-Targeted Peptide Chemotherapeutics in Cancer. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39069731 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Recent emphasis on the design of drug delivery systems typically involves the effective transport of a pharmaceutical substance to the disease site with the desired therapeutic efficacy and minimal cytotoxicity. Organelle-targeted peptides have become an integral part of designing an important class of prodrug/prodrug assemblies for new supramolecular therapeutics owing to their favorable biocompatibility, synthetic ease, tunability of their aggregation behavior, and desired functionalization for site-specificity. However, it is still limited due to the low selectivity. We designed a folic acid-functionalized β-cyclodextrin (FA-CD) as a delivery platform for specific and selective delivery of organelle-targeted (such as microtubule, lysosome, and mitochondria) peptide chemotherapeutics to the folate receptor (FR) overexpressing cancer cell lines. Low toxicity was found for the FA-CD and organelle-targeted peptide inclusion complex in FR-negative normal cells, but superior inhibition of tumor growth with no in vivo toxicity was found for the inclusion complex in the xenograft tumor model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae Won Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongeon Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gaeun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Batakrishna Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, India
| | - Ja-Hyoung Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li K, Wang Q, Gao X, Xi H, Hua D, Jiang H, Qiu L, Lin J. Targeted delivery of activatable 131I-radiopharmaceutical for sustained radiotherapy with improved pharmacokinetics. J Control Release 2024:S0168-3659(24)00436-X. [PMID: 38971427 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) is an effective treatment for tumors. Self-condensation strategies can enhance the retention of radionuclides in tumors and enhance the anti-tumor effect. Considering legumain is overexpressed in multiple types of human cancers, a 131I-labeled radiopharmaceutical ([131I]MAAN) based on the self-condensation reaction between 2-cyanobenzothiazole (CBT) and cysteine (Cys) was developed by us recently for treating legumain-overexpressed tumors. However, liver enrichment limits its application. In this study, a new radiopharmaceutical [131I]IM(HE)3AAN was designed and synthesized by introducing a hydrophilic peptide sequence His-Glu-His-Glu-His-Glu ((HE)3) into [131I]MAAN to optimize the pharmacokinetics. Upon activation by legumain under a reducing environment, hydrophilic [131I]IM(HE)3AAN could react with its precursor to form heterologous dimer [131I]H-Dimer that is highly hydrophobic. Cerenkov imaging revealed that [131I]IM(HE)3AAN displayed superior tumor selectivity and longer tumor retention time as compared with [131I]MAAN, with a significant reduction in the liver uptake. After an 18-day treatment with [131I]IM(HE)3AAN, the tumor proliferation was obviously inhibited, while no obvious injury was observed in the normal organs. These findings suggest that [131I]IM(HE)3AAN could serve as a promising drug candidate for treating legumain-overexpressed tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Hongjie Xi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Di Hua
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Huijie Jiang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang C, Xu M, Zhang Z, Zeng S, Shen S, Ding Z, Chen J, Cui XY, Liu Z. Locally unlocks prodrugs by radiopharmaceutical in tumor for cancer therapy. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024:S2095-9273(24)00487-0. [PMID: 39095273 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the first-line treatment for cancer, but its systemic toxicity can be severe. Tumor-selective prodrug activation offers promising opportunities to reduce systemic toxicity. Here, we present a strategy for activating prodrugs using radiopharmaceuticals. This strategy enables the targeted release of chemotherapeutic agents due to the high tumor-targeting capability of radiopharmaceuticals. [18F]FDG (2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose), one of the most widely used radiopharmaceuticals in clinics, can trigger Pt(IV) complex for controlled release of axial ligands in tumors, it might be mediated by hydrated electrons generated by water radiolysis resulting from the decay of radionuclide 18F. Its application offers the controlled release of fluorogenic probes and prodrugs in living cells and tumor-bearing mice. Of note, an OxaliPt(IV) linker is designed to construct an [18F]FDG-activated antibody-drug conjugate (Pt-ADC). Sequential injection of Pt-ADC and [18F]FDG efficiently releases the toxin in the tumor and remarkably suppresses the tumor growth. Radiotherapy is booming as a perturbing tool for prodrug activation, and we find that [18F]FDG is capable of deprotecting various radiotherapy-removable protecting groups (RPGs). Our results suggest that tumor-selective radiopharmaceutical may function as a trigger, for developing innovative prodrug activation strategies with enhanced tumor selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changlun Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zihang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Senhai Zeng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Siyong Shen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Junyi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | | | - Zhibo Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Key Laboratory of Fundamental Science, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking University-Tsinghua University Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Changping Laboratory, Beijing 102206, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Radiopharmaceuticals of National Medical Products Administration, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100142, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bag S, Gadpayle MP, Ghosh D, Maiti S, De P. Biotinylated Theranostic Amphiphilic Polyurethane for Targeted Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:4233-4245. [PMID: 38838045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
In the area of drug delivery aided by stimuli-responsive polymers, the biodegradability of nanocarriers is one of the major challenges that needs to be addressed with the utmost sincerity. Herein, a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) responsive hydrophobic dansyl-based trigger molecule is custom designed and successfully incorporated into the water-soluble polyurethane backbone, which is made of esterase enzyme susceptible urethane bonds. The amphiphilic polyurethanes, PUx (x = 2 and 3) with a biotin chain end, formed self-assembled nanoaggregates. A hemolysis and cytotoxicity profile of doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded biotinylated PU3 nanocarriers revealed that it is nonhemolytic and has excellent selectivity toward HeLa cells (biotin receptor-positive cell lines) causing ∼60% cell death while maintaining almost 100% cell viability for HEK 293T cells (biotin receptor-negative cell lines). Furthermore, better cellular internalization of DOX-loaded fluorescent nanocarriers in HeLa cells than in HEK 293T cells confirmed receptor-mediated endocytosis. Thus, this work ensures that the synthesized polymers serve as biodegradable nanocarriers for anticancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Bag
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Mandip Pratham Gadpayle
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Desoshree Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Sankar Maiti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Furuta M, Arii S, Umeda H, Matsukawa R, Shizu K, Kaji H, Kawashima SA, Hori Y, Tomita T, Sohma Y, Mitsunuma H, Kanai M. Leuco Ethyl Violet as Self-Activating Prodrug Photocatalyst for In Vivo Amyloid-Selective Oxygenation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2401346. [PMID: 38689504 PMCID: PMC11234409 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Aberrant aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau protein (tau), called amyloid, are related to the etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD). Reducing amyloid levels in AD patients is a potentially effective approach to the treatment of AD. The selective degradation of amyloids via small molecule-catalyzed photooxygenation in vivo is a leading approach; however, moderate catalyst activity and the side effects of scalp injury are problematic in prior studies using AD model mice. Here, leuco ethyl violet (LEV) is identified as a highly active, amyloid-selective, and blood-brain barrier (BBB)-permeable photooxygenation catalyst that circumvents all of these problems. LEV is a redox-sensitive, self-activating prodrug catalyst; self-oxidation of LEV through a hydrogen atom transfer process under photoirradiation produces catalytically active ethyl violet (EV) in the presence of amyloid. LEV effectively oxygenates human Aβ and tau, suggesting the feasibility for applications in humans. Furthermore, a concept of using a hydrogen atom as a caging group of a reactive catalyst functional in vivo is postulated. The minimal size of the hydrogen caging group is especially useful for catalyst delivery to the brain through BBB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Furuta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Suguru Arii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hiroki Umeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsukawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Katsuyuki Shizu
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hironori Kaji
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shigehiro A Kawashima
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yukiko Hori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Taisuke Tomita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Youhei Sohma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Harunobu Mitsunuma
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Motomu Kanai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Said AR, Asaad GF, Shabana ME, Sayed AS, Elfeky DH, Mohamed Ali H, Adel Abdelfattah A, M El-Husseiny H, El-Dakroury WA. Desosomes and desimicelles - a novel vesicular and micellar system for enhanced oral delivery of poorly soluble drug: Optimization of in vitro characteristics and in vivo performance. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 200:114324. [PMID: 38759898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
This study introduces two innovative nanocarrier systems to improve oral drug delivery. Desosomes and desimicelles combine Deep eutectic solvent (DES) with vesicular or micellar nanosystems, respectively. These novel nanosystems integrate the DES solubilization potency for administering drugs with low aqueous solubility and the vesicular and micellar systems to bypass physiological barriers and improve poor drug bioavailability. Lornoxicam (LRX) is a BCS class II anti-inflammatory with limited aqueous solubility and rapid clearance. Desosomes and desimicelles were prepared and successfully optimized. The optimization depended on particle size, zetapotential, entrapment efficiency, and solubility. The optimized desosomes (LRX-DES-V) and desimicelles (LRX-DES-M) were pictured by transmission electron microscope. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR analysis indicated the successful inclusion of LRX inside each system. Invitro LRX release profiles revealed controlled release of LRX-DES-V and LRX-DES-M, with more sustained release by the later one. In-vivo study, inflammation was induced using a carrageenan rat model, and the anti-inflammatory effect of LRX-pure, marketed product, traditional niosomes, LRX-DES-V & LRX-DES-M were determined using inhibition %, serum inflammatory cytokines, and histopathology. After 4 h of induction, LRX-DES-M (68.05%) showed a significant inhibition compared to LRX-DES-V (63.57%). LRX-DES-M also showed a better reduction in COX2, PGE2, and TNF-α (1.25-fold, 1.24-fold, and 1.36-fold inhibition), respectively, compared to LRX-DES-V. We can conclude that LRX-DES-V and LRX-DES-M showed better effects than all other groups and that LRX-DES-M might be more effective than LRX-DES-V.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrahman R Said
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Marwa E Shabana
- Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alaa S Sayed
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Elfeky
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Hager Mohamed Ali
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | | | - Hussein M El-Husseiny
- Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, 5 Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai Cho, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo 183-8509, 6 Japan; Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha 8 University, Moshtohor, Toukh, Elqaliobiya,13736, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Dakroury
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kikushima K, Komiyama K, Umekawa N, Yamada K, Kita Y, Dohi T. Silver-Catalyzed Coupling of Unreactive Carboxylates: Synthesis of α-Fluorinated O-Aryl Esters. Org Lett 2024; 26:5347-5352. [PMID: 38885467 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
α-Fluorinated aryl esters pose a challenge in synthesis via O-arylation of α-fluorinated carboxylates owing to their low reactivities. This limitation has been addressed by combining a silver catalyst with aryl(trimethoxyphenyl)iodonium tosylates to access α-fluorinated aryl esters. We envision that the catalytic system involves high-valent aryl silver species generated via the oxidation of silver(I) salt. The present method provided a synthetic protocol for various α-fluorinated aryl esters including fluorinated analogs of drug derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kikushima
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Keina Komiyama
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Narumi Umekawa
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamada
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kita
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Dohi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
- Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 525-8577, Shiga, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hammid A, Honkakoski P. Ocular Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes: Focus on Esterases. Drug Metab Rev 2024:1-23. [PMID: 38888291 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2024.2368247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Anam Hammid
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonrinne3, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Paavo Honkakoski
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonrinne3, FI-70210 Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ross CL, Lawer A, Sircombe KJ, Pletzer D, Gamble AB, Hook S. Site-Specific Antimicrobial Activity of a Dual-Responsive Ciprofloxacin Prodrug. J Med Chem 2024; 67:9599-9612. [PMID: 38780408 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections create distinctive microenvironments with a unique mix of metabolites and enzymes compared with healthy tissues that can be used to trigger the activation of antibiotic prodrugs. Here, a single and dual prodrug masking the C3 carboxylate and C7 piperazine of the fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin, responsive to nitroreductase (NTR) and/or hydrogen sulfide (H2S), was developed. Masking both functional groups reduced the activity of the prodrug against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, increasing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by ∼512-fold (S. aureus) and ∼8000-fold (E. coli strains), while masking a single group only increased the MIC by ∼128-fold. Bacteria subjected to prolonged prodrug exposure did not show any increase in resistance. Triggering assays demonstrated the conversion of prodrugs to ciprofloxacin, and in a murine infection model, responsive prodrugs showed antibacterial activity comparable to that of ciprofloxacin, suggesting in vivo activation of prodrugs. Thus, the potential for site-specific antibiotic treatment with reduced threat of resistance is demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Ross
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Aggie Lawer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen J Sircombe
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Pletzer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Allan B Gamble
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Sarah Hook
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li JM, Liu YZ, Lv XF, Zhou DH, Zhang H, Chen YJ, Li K. Construction of a novel aminofluorene-based ratiometric near-infrared fluorescence probe for detecting carboxylesterase activity in living cells. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:3641-3645. [PMID: 38812419 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00501e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we constructed a novel aminofluorene-based fluorescence probe (FEN-CE) for the detection of carboxylesterase (CE) in living cells by a ratiometric near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence signal. FEN-CE with NIR emission (650 nm) could be hydrolyzed specifically by CE and transformed to FENH with the release of the self-immolative group, which exhibited a red-shifted emission peak of 680 nm. In addition, FEN-CE showed high selectivity for CE and was successfully used in the detection of CE activity in living cells through its ratiometric NIR fluorescence signals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yan-Zhao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Xiao-Fang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Ding-Heng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Jin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29, Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gavhane UA, Joshi DC, Jayakannan M. Size- and Shape-controlled Biodegradable Polymer Brushes Based on l-Amino Acid for Intracellular Drug Delivery and Deep-Tissue Penetration. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:3756-3774. [PMID: 38713492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
We report size- and shape-controlled polymer brushes based on l-amino acid bioresource and study the role of polymer topology on the enzymatic biodegradation and deep-tissue penetration under in vitro and in vivo. For this purpose, l-tyrosine-based propargyl-functionalized monomer is tailor-made and polymerized via solvent-free melt polycondensation strategy to yield hydrophobic and clickable biodegradable poly(ester-urethane)s. Postpolymerization click chemistry strategy is applied to make well-defined amphiphilic one-dimensional rodlike and three-dimensional spherical polymer brushes by merely varying the lengths of PEG-azides in the reaction. These core-shell polymer brushes are found to be nontoxic and nonhemolytic and capable of loading clinical anticancer drug doxorubicin and deep-tissue penetrable near-infrared biomarker IR-780. In vitro enzymatic drug-release kinetics and lysotracker-assisted real-time live-cell confocal bioimaging revealed that the rodlike polymer brush is superior than its spherical counterparts for faster cellular uptake and enzymatic biodegradation at the endolysosomal compartments to release DOX at the nucleus. Further, in vivo live-animal bioimaging by IVIS technique established that the IR-780-loaded rodlike polymer brush exhibited efficient deep-tissue penetration ability and emphasized the importance of polymer brush topology control for biological activity. Polymer brushes exhibit good stability in the blood plasma for more than 72 h, they predominately accumulate in the digestive organs like liver and kidney, and they are less toxic to heart and brain tissues. IVIS imaging of cryotome tissue slices of organs confirmed the deep-penetrating ability of the polymer brushes. The present investigation opens opportunity for bioderived and biodegradable polymer brushes as next-generation smart drug-delivery scaffolds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Utreshwar Arjun Gavhane
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dheeraj Chandra Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manickam Jayakannan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER Pune), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng H, Wu H, Wang D, Wang S, Ji D, Liu X, Gao G, Su X, Zhang Y, Ling Y. Research progress of prodrugs for the treatment of cerebral ischemia. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 272:116457. [PMID: 38704941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that pharmacotherapy plays a pivotal role in the treatment and prevention of cerebral ischemia. Nevertheless, existing drugs, including numerous natural products, encounter various challenges when applied in cerebral ischemia treatment. These challenges comprise poor brain absorption due to low blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, limited water solubility, inadequate bioavailability, poor stability, and rapid metabolism. To address these issues, researchers have turned to prodrug strategies, aiming to mitigate or eliminate the adverse properties of parent drug molecules. In vivo metabolism or enzymatic reactions convert prodrugs into active parent drugs, thereby augmenting BBB permeability, improving bioavailability and stability, and reducing toxicity to normal tissues, ultimately aiming to enhance treatment efficacy and safety. This comprehensive review delves into multiple effective prodrug strategies, providing a detailed description of representative prodrugs developed over the past two decades. It underscores the potential of prodrug approaches to improve the therapeutic outcomes of currently available drugs for cerebral ischemia. The publication of this review serves to enrich current research progress on prodrug strategies for the treatment and prevention of cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, it seeks to offer valuable insights for pharmaceutical chemists in this field, offer guidance for the development of drugs for cerebral ischemia, and provide patients with safer and more effective drug treatment options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dezhi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Sijia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Dongliang Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ge Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xing Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yanan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Yong Ling
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Inflammation and Molecular Drug Target, Nantong University, 226001, Nantong, Jiangsu, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cristiano C, Cavanagh RJ, Cuzzucoli Crucitti V, Moloney C, Axioti E, Dixon E, Jacob PL, Schiano ME, Cuozzo M, Liguori FM, Rolando B, Russo R, Taresco V, Sodano F, Rimoli MG. Multiple drug-delivery strategies to enhance the pharmacological and toxicological properties of Mefenamic acid. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116647. [PMID: 38703503 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To improve the biological and toxicological properties of Mefenamic acid (MA), the galactosylated prodrug of MA named MefeGAL was included in polymeric solid dispersions (PSs) composed of poly(glycerol adipate) (PGA) and Pluronic® F68 (MefeGAL-PS). MefeGAL-PS was compared with polymeric solid formulations of MA (MA-PS) or a mixture of equal ratio of MefeGAL/MA (Mix-PS). METHODS The in vitro and in vivo pharmacological and toxicological profiles of PSs have been investigated. In detail, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory (carrageenan-induced paw edema test), analgesic (acetic acid-induced writhing test) and ulcerogenic activity in mice after oral treatment. Additionally, the antiproliferative activity of PSs was assessed on in vitro models of colorectal and non-small cell lung cancer. RESULTS When the PSs were resuspended in water, MefeGAL's, MA's and their mixture's apparent solubilities improved due to the interaction with the polymeric formulation. By comparing the in-vivo biological performance of MefeGAL-PS with that of MA, MefeGAL and MA-PS, it was seen that MefeGAL-PS exhibited the same sustained and delayed analgesic and anti-inflammatory profile as MefeGAL but did not cause gastrointestinal irritation. The pharmacological effect of Mix-PS was present from the first hours after administration, lasting about 44 hours with only slight gastric mucosa irritation. In-vitro evaluation indicated that Mix-PS had statistically significant higher cytotoxicity than MA-PS and MefeGAL-PS. CONCLUSIONS These preliminary data are promising evidence that the galactosylated prodrug approach in tandem with a polymer-drug solid dispersion formulation strategy could represent a new drug delivery route to improve the solubility and biological activity of NSAIDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Robert J Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, BioDiscovery Institute-3, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Cuzzucoli Crucitti
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing and Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Cara Moloney
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Axioti
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Dixon
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Philippa L Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | | | - Mariarosaria Cuozzo
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Rolando
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - Roberto Russo
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
| | - Federica Sodano
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy; Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino 10125, Italy.
| | - Maria Grazia Rimoli
- Department of Pharmacy, "Federico II" University of Napoli, Napoli 80131, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yadav P, Rana K, Chakraborty R, Khan A, Mehta D, Jain D, Aggarwal B, Jha SK, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Engineered nanomicelles targeting proliferation and angiogenesis inhibit tumour progression by impairing the synthesis of ceramide-1-phosphate. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:10350-10365. [PMID: 38739006 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04806c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Tumour cells secrete various proangiogenic factors like VEGF, PDGF, and EGF that result in the formation of highly vascularized tumours with an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. As tumour growth and metastasis are highly dependent on angiogenesis, targeting tumour vasculature along with rapidly dividing tumour cells is a potential approach for cancer treatment. Here, we specifically engineered sub-100 sized nanomicelles (DTX-CA4 NMs) targeting proliferation and angiogenesis using an esterase-sensitive phosphocholine-tethered docetaxel conjugate of lithocholic acid (LCA) (PC-LCA-DTX) and a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivative of an LCA-combretastatin A4 conjugate (PEG-LCA-CA4). DTX-CA4 NMs effectively inhibit the tumour growth in syngeneic (CT26) and xenograft (HCT116) colorectal cancer models, inhibit tumour recurrence, and enhance the percentage survival in comparison with individual drug-loaded NMs. DTX-CA4 NMs enhance the T cell-mediated anti-tumour immune response and DTX-CA4 NMs in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, anti-PDL1 antibody, enhance the anti-tumour response. We additionally showed that DTX-CA4 NMs effectively attenuate the production of ceramide-1-phosphate, a key metabolite of the sphingolipid pathway, by downregulating the expression of ceramide kinase at both transcriptional and translational levels. Therefore, this study presents the engineering of effective DTX-CA4 NMs for targeting the tumour microenvironment that can be explored further for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Kajal Rana
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ruchira Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ali Khan
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon-122413, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon-122413, Haryana, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Bharti Aggarwal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Somesh K Jha
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon-122413, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad-121001, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yao SY, Ying AK, Jiang ZT, Cheng YQ, Geng WC, Hu XY, Cai K, Guo DS. Single Molecular Nanomedicines Based on Macrocyclic Carrier-Drug Conjugates for Concentration-Independent Encapsulation and Precise Activation of Drugs. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14203-14212. [PMID: 38733560 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicines often rely on noncovalent self-assembly and encapsulation for drug loading and delivery. However, challenges such as reproducibility issues due to the multicomponent nature, off-target activation caused by premature drug release, and complex pharmacokinetics arising from assembly dissociation have hindered their clinical translation. In this study, we introduce an innovative design concept termed single molecular nanomedicine (SMNM) based on macrocyclic carrier-drug conjugates. Through the covalent linkage of two chemotherapy drugs to a hypoxia-cleavable macrocyclic carrier, azocalix[4]arene, we obtained two self-included complexes to serve as SMNMs. The intramolecular inclusion feature of the SMNMs has not only demonstrated comprehensive shielding and protection for the drugs but also effectively prevented off-target drug leakage, thereby significantly reducing their side effects and enhancing their antitumor therapeutic efficacy. Additionally, the attributes of being a single component and molecularly dispersed confer advantages such as ease of preparation and good reproducibility for SMNMs, which is desirable for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Yu Yao
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - An-Kang Ying
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ze-Tao Jiang
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yuan-Qiu Cheng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Wen-Chao Geng
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xin-Yue Hu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kang Cai
- College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dong-Sheng Guo
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Novel Functional Materials Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Kashi University, Kashi 844000, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Agrawal SK, Majhi PK, Goodfellow AS, Tak RK, Cordes DB, McKay AP, Kasten K, Bühl M, Smith AD. Synthesis of Tetra-Substituted 3-Hydroxyphthalide Esters by Isothiourea-Catalysed Acylative Dynamic Kinetic Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024:e202402909. [PMID: 38713305 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A general and highly enantioselective method for the preparation of tetra-substituted 3-hydroxyphthalide esters via isothiourea-catalysed acylative dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) is reported. Using (2S,3R)-HyperBTM (5 mol %) as the catalyst, the scope and limitations of this methodology have been extensively probed, with high enantioselectivity and good to excellent yields observed (>40 examples, up to 99 %, 99 : 1 er). Substitution of the aromatic core within the 3-hydroxyphthalide skeleton, as well as aliphatic and aromatic substitution at C(3), is readily tolerated. A diverse range of anhydrides, including those from bioactive and pharmaceutically relevant acids, can also be used. The high enantioselectivity observed in this DKR process has been probed computationally, with a key substrate heteroatom donor O⋅⋅⋅acyl-isothiouronium interaction identified through DFT analysis as necessary for enantiodiscrimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham K Agrawal
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Pankaj K Majhi
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Alister S Goodfellow
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Raj K Tak
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - David B Cordes
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Aidan P McKay
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Kevin Kasten
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Michael Bühl
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Andrew D Smith
- EaStCHEM, School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhao J, Li X, Ma T, Chang B, Zhang B, Fang J. Glutathione-triggered prodrugs: Design strategies, potential applications, and perspectives. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1013-1054. [PMID: 38140851 DOI: 10.1002/med.22007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The burgeoning prodrug strategy offers a promising avenue toward improving the efficacy and specificity of cytotoxic drugs. Elevated intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH) have been regarded as a hallmark of tumor cells and characteristic feature of the tumor microenvironment. Considering the pivotal involvement of elevated GSH in the tumorigenic process, a diverse repertoire of GSH-triggered prodrugs has been developed for cancer therapy, facilitating the attenuation of deleterious side effects associated with conventional chemotherapeutic agents and/or the attainment of more efficacious therapeutic outcomes. These prodrug formulations encompass a spectrum of architectures, spanning from small molecules to polymer-based and organic-inorganic nanomaterial constructs. Although the GSH-triggered prodrugs have been gaining increasing interests, a comprehensive review of the advancements made in the field is still lacking. To fill the existing lacuna, this review undertakes a retrospective analysis of noteworthy research endeavors, based on a categorization of these molecules by their diverse recognition units (i.e., disulfides, diselenides, Michael acceptors, and sulfonamides/sulfonates). This review also focuses on explaining the distinct benefits of employing various chemical architecture strategies in the design of these prodrug agents. Furthermore, we highlight the potential for synergistic functionality by incorporating multiple-targeting conjugates, theranostic entities, and combinational treatment modalities, all of which rely on the GSH-triggering. Overall, an extensive overview of the emerging field is presented in this review, highlighting the obstacles and opportunities that lie ahead. Our overarching goal is to furnish methodological guidance for the development of more efficacious GSH-triggered prodrugs in the future. By assessing the pros and cons of current GSH-triggered prodrugs, we expect that this review will be a handful reference for prodrug design, and would provide a guidance for improving the properties of prodrugs and discovering novel trigger scaffolds for constructing GSH-triggered prodrugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xinming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Bingbing Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Fukazawa N, Nishimura T, Orii K, Noguchi S, Tomi M. Conversion of Olmesartan to Olmesartan Medoxomil, A Prodrug that Improves Intestinal Absorption, Confers Substrate Recognition by OATP2B1. Pharm Res 2024; 41:849-861. [PMID: 38485855 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Olmesartan medoxomil (olmesartan-MX), an ester-type prodrug of the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) olmesartan, is predominantly anionic at intestinal pH. Human organic anion transporting polypeptide 2B1 (OATP2B1) is expressed in the small intestine and is involved in the absorption of various acidic drugs. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that OATP2B1-mediated uptake contributes to the enhanced intestinal absorption of olmesartan-MX, even though olmesartan itself is not a substrate of OATP2B1. METHODS Tetracycline-inducible human OATP2B1- and rat Oatp2b1-overexpressing HEK 293 cell lines (hOATP2B1/T-REx-293 and rOatp2b1/T-REx-293, respectively) were established to characterize OATP2B1-mediated uptake. Rat jejunal permeability was measured using Ussing chambers. ARBs were quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Significant olmesartan-MX uptake was observed in hOATP2B1/T-REx-293 and rOatp2b1/T-REx-293 cells, whereas olmesartan uptake was undetectable or much lower than olmesartan-MX uptake, respectively. Furthermore, olmesartan-MX exhibited several-fold higher uptake in Caco-2 cells and greater permeability in rat jejunum compared to olmesartan. Olmesartan-MX uptake in hOATP2B1/T-REx-293 cells and in Caco-2 cells was significantly decreased by OATP2B1 substrates/inhibitors such as 1 mM estrone-3-sulfate, 100 µM rifamycin SV, and 100 µM fluvastatin. Rat Oatp2b1-mediated uptake and rat jejunal permeability of olmesartan-MX were significantly decreased by 50 µM naringin, an OATP2B1 inhibitor. Oral administration of olmesartan-MX with 50 µM naringin to rats significantly reduced the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of olmesartan to 76.9%. CONCLUSION Olmesartan-MX is a substrate for OATP2B1, and the naringin-sensitive transport system contributes to the improved intestinal absorption of olmesartan-MX compared with its parent drug, olmesartan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Fukazawa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Nishimura
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Orii
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saki Noguchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Tomi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, 1-5-30 Shibakoen, Minato-ku 105-8512, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Klemt I, Reshetnikov V, Dutta S, Bila G, Bilyy R, Cuartero IC, Hidalgo A, Wünsche A, Böhm M, Wondrak M, Kunz-Schughart LA, Tietze R, Beierlein F, Imhof P, Gensberger-Reigl S, Pischetsrieder M, Körber M, Jost T, Mokhir A. A concept of dual-responsive prodrugs based on oligomerization-controlled reactivity of ester groups: an improvement of cancer cells versus neutrophils selectivity of camptothecin. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1189-1197. [PMID: 38665843 PMCID: PMC11042170 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00609c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many known chemotherapeutic anticancer agents exhibit neutropenia as a dose-limiting side effect. In this paper we suggest a prodrug concept solving this problem for camptothecin (HO-cpt). The prodrug is programmed according to Boolean "AND" logic. In the absence of H2O2 (trigger T1), e.g. in the majority of normal cells, it exists as an inactive oligomer. In cancer cells and in primed neutrophils (high H2O2), the oligomer is disrupted forming intermediate (inactive) lipophilic cationic species. These are accumulated in mitochondria (Mit) of cancer cells, where they are activated by hydrolysis at mitochondrial pH 8 (trigger T2) with formation of camptothecin. In contrast, the intermediates remain stable in neutrophils lacking Mit and therefore a source of T2. In this paper we demonstrated a proof-of-concept. Our prodrug exhibits antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo, but is not toxic to normal cell and neutrophils in contrast to known single trigger prodrugs and the parent drug HO-cpt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Insa Klemt
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Viktor Reshetnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Subrata Dutta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Galyna Bila
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University 79010 Lviv Ukraine
| | - Rostyslav Bilyy
- Department of Histology, Cytology and Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University 79010 Lviv Ukraine
| | - Itziar Cossío Cuartero
- Program of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) C. Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Program of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC) C. Melchor Fernández Almagro, 3 28029 Madrid Spain
| | - Adrian Wünsche
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Maximilian Böhm
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Marit Wondrak
- OncoRay, National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden Germany
| | - Leoni A Kunz-Schughart
- OncoRay, National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Dresden Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Partner Site Dresden Germany
| | - Rainer Tietze
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), FAU University Hospital 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Frank Beierlein
- Erlangen National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), FAU 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Computer-Chemistry-Center, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, FAU Germany
| | - Petra Imhof
- Erlangen National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), FAU 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Computer-Chemistry-Center, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, FAU Germany
| | | | | | - Marlies Körber
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Tina Jost
- Department of Radiation Oncology, FAU University Hospital 91054 Erlangen Germany
| | - Andriy Mokhir
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry II, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) 91058 Erlangen Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Matić J, Akladios F, Battisti UM, Håversen L, Nain-Perez A, Füchtbauer AF, Kim W, Monjas L, Rivero AR, Borén J, Mardinoglu A, Uhlen M, Grøtli M. Sulfone-based human liver pyruvate kinase inhibitors - Design, synthesis and in vitro bioactivity. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 269:116306. [PMID: 38471358 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent pathological condition characterised by the accumulation of fat in the liver. Almost one-third of the global population is affected by NAFLD, making it a significant health concern. However, despite its prevalence, there is currently no approved drug specifically designed for the treatment of NAFLD. To address this critical gap, researchers have been investigating potential targets for NAFLD drug development. One promising candidate is the liver isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKL). In recent studies, Urolithin C, an allosteric inhibitor of PKL, has emerged as a potential lead compound for therapeutic intervention. Building upon this knowledge, our team has conducted a comprehensive structure-activity relationship of Urolithin C. In this work, we have employed a scaffold-hopping approach, modifying the urolithin structure by replacing the urolithin carbonyl with a sulfone moiety. Our structure-activity relationship analysis has identified the sulfone group as particularly favourable for potent PKL inhibition. Additionally, we have found that the presence of catechol moieties on the two aromatic rings further improves the inhibitory activity. The most promising inhibitor from this new series displayed nanomolar inhibition, boasting an IC50 value of 0.07 μM. This level of potency rivals that of urolithin D and significantly surpasses the effectiveness of urolithin C by an order of magnitude. To better understand the molecular interactions underlying this inhibition, we obtained the crystal structure of one of the inhibitors complexed with PKL. This structural insight served as a valuable reference point, aiding us in the design of inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josipa Matić
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fady Akladios
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Umberto Maria Battisti
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liliana Håversen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amalyn Nain-Perez
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Foller Füchtbauer
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Woonghee Kim
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leticia Monjas
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Rodriguez Rivero
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg and Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mathias Uhlen
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Morten Grøtli
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhang X, Chen Y, Tang J, Chen C, Sun Y, Zhang H, Qiao M, Jin G, Liu X. GSH-activable heterotrimeric nano-prodrug for precise synergistic therapy of TNBC. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116375. [PMID: 38460372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy is an effective approach for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) therapy, especially when drugs are administered at specific optimal ratios. However, at present, strategies involving precise and controllable ratios based on effective loading and release of drugs are unavailable. Herein, we designed and synthesized a glutathione (GSH)--responsive heterotrimeric prodrug and formulated it with an amphiphilic polymer to obtain nanoparticles (DSSC2 NPs) for precise synergistic chemotherapy of TNBC. The heterotrimeric prodrug was prepared using docetaxel (DTX) and curcumin (CUR) at the optimal synergistic ratio of 1: 2. DTX and CUR were covalently conjugated by disulfide linkers. Compared with control NPs, DSSC2 NPs had quantitative/ratiometric drug loading, high drug co-loading capacity, better colloidal stability, and less premature drug leakage. After systemic administration, DSSC2 NPs selectively accumulated in tumor tissues and released the encapsulated drugs triggered by high levels of GSH in cancer cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments validated that DSSC2 NPs released DTX and CUR at the predefined ratio and had a highly synergistic therapeutic effect on tumor suppression in TNBC, which can be attributed to ratiometric drug delivery and synchronous drug activation. Altogether, the heterotrimeric prodrug delivery system developed in this study represents an effective and novel approach for combination chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yansong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Jingwei Tang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Yanfeng Sun
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Mengxiang Qiao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - Gongsheng Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China.
| | - Xianfu Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xu X, Zhang J, Wang T, Li J, Rong Y, Wang Y, Bai C, Yan Q, Ran X, Wang Y, Zhang T, Sun J, Jiang Q. Emerging non-antibody‒drug conjugates (non-ADCs) therapeutics of toxins for cancer treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1542-1559. [PMID: 38572098 PMCID: PMC10985036 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The non-selective cytotoxicity of toxins limits the clinical relevance of the toxins. In recent years, toxins have been widely used as warheads for antibody‒drug conjugates (ADCs) due to their efficient killing activity against various cancer cells. Although ADCs confer certain targeting properties to the toxins, low drug loading capacity, possible immunogenicity, and other drawbacks also limit the potential application of ADCs. Recently, non-ADC delivery strategies for toxins have been extensively investigated. To further understand the application of toxins in anti-tumor, this paper provided an overview of prodrugs, nanodrug delivery systems, and biomimetic drug delivery systems. In addition, toxins and their combination strategies with other therapies were discussed. Finally, the prospect and challenge of toxins in cancer treatment were also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jing Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yukang Rong
- School of Education, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Yanfang Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chenxia Bai
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qing Yan
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaohua Ran
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingli Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, Linyi 276000, China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qikun Jiang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Torabi A, Madsen FB, Skov AL. Permeation-Enhancing Strategies for Transdermal Delivery of Cannabinoids. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024; 9:449-463. [PMID: 37751171 DOI: 10.1089/can.2023.0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This review aims to provide an overview of the advancements and status of clinical studies and potential permeation-enhancing strategies in the transdermal delivery of cannabinoids. Methods: A systematic and comprehensive literature search across academic databases, search engines, and online sources to identify relevant literature on the transdermal administration of cannabinoids. Results: Cannabinoids have proven beneficial in the treatment of wide-ranging physical and psychological disorders. A shift toward legalized cannabinoid products has increased both interests in cannabinoid research and the development of novel medicinal exploitations of cannabinoids in recent years. Oral and pulmonary delivery of cannabinoids has several limitations, including poor bioavailability, low solubility, and potential side effects. This has diverted scientific attention toward the transdermal route, successfully overcoming these hurdles by providing higher bioavailability, safety, and patient compliance. Yet, due to the barrier properties of the skin and the lipophilic nature of cannabinoids, there is a need to increase the permeation of the drugs to the underneath layers of skin to reach desired therapeutic plasma levels. Literature describing detailed clinical trials on cannabinoid transdermal delivery, either with or without permeation-enhancing strategies, is limited. Conclusion: The limited number of reports indicates that increased attention is needed on developing and examining efficient transdermal delivery systems for cannabinoids, including patch design and composition, drug-patch interaction, clinical effectiveness and safety in vivo, and permeation-enhancing strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Torabi
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Frederikke Bahrt Madsen
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anne Ladegaard Skov
- Danish Polymer Centre, Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yadav P, Rana K, Nardini V, Khan A, Pani T, Kar A, Jain D, Chakraborty R, Singh R, Jha SK, Mehta D, Sharma H, Sharma RD, Deo SVS, Sengupta S, Patil VS, Faccioli LH, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Engineered nanomicelles inhibit the tumour progression via abrogating the prostaglandin-mediated immunosuppression. J Control Release 2024; 368:548-565. [PMID: 38462044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is challenged due to immunosuppressive inflammatory tumour microenvironment (TME) caused by infiltration of tumour-promoting and inhibition of tumour-inhibiting immune cells. Here, we report the engineering of chimeric nanomicelles (NMs) targeting the cell proliferation using docetaxel (DTX) and inflammation using dexamethasone (DEX) that alters the immunosuppressive TME. We show that a combination of phospholipid-DTX conjugate and PEGylated-lipid-DEX conjugate can self-assemble to form sub-100 nm chimeric NMs (DTX-DEX NMs). Anti-cancer activities against syngeneic and xenograft mouse models showed that the DTX-DEX NMs are more effective in tumour regression, enhance the survival of mice over other treatment modes, and alter the tumour stroma. DTX-DEX NMs cause a significant reduction in myeloid-derived suppressor cells, alter the polarization of macrophages, and enhance the accumulation of cytotoxic CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumour tissues, along with alterations in cytokine expression. We further demonstrated that these DTX-DEX NMs inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, especially PGE2, by targeting the cyclooxygenase 2 that is partly responsible for immunosuppressive TME. Therefore, this study presents, for the first time, the engineering of lithocholic acid-derived chimeric NMs that affect the prostaglandin pathway, alter the TME, and mitigate tumour progression with enhanced mice survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Kajal Rana
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Viviani Nardini
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s.n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ali Khan
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Trishna Pani
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Dolly Jain
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ruchira Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Ragini Singh
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Somesh K Jha
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Devashish Mehta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - S V S Deo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India; National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Post office- Netaji Subhas Sanatorium, Kalyani 741251, India
| | - Veena S Patil
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Lúcia Helena Faccioli
- Department of Clinical, Toxicological and Bromatological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café, s.n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Manesar, Gurgaon 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, 3(rd) Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, NCR Biotech Cluster, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Flores-Ramos M, Leyva-Gómez G, Rojas-Campos T, Cruz-Mendoza I, Hernández-Campos A, Vera-Montenegro Y, Castillo R, Velázquez-Martínez I, Padierna-Mota C, Arias-García R, Ibarra-Velarde F. Fosfatriclaben, a prodrug of triclabendazole: Preparation, stability, and fasciolicidal activity of three new intramuscular formulations. Vet Parasitol 2024; 327:110113. [PMID: 38232512 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2024.110113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we present the preparation, stability, and in vivo fasciolicidal activity of three new intramuscular formulations in sheep of a prodrug based on triclabendazole, named fosfatriclaben. The new formulations were ready-to-use aqueous solutions with volumes recommended for intramuscular administration in sheep. The use of poloxamers (P-407 and P-188) and polysorbates (PS-20 and PS-80) in the new formulations improved the aqueous solubility of fosfatriclaben by 8-fold at pH 7.4. High-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection was used to evaluate the stability of fosfatriclaben in the three formulations. High recovery (> 90%) of fosfatriclaben was found for all formulations after exposure at 57 ± 2 °C for 50 h. The three intramuscular formulations showed high fasciolicidal activity at a dose of 6 mg/kg, which was equivalent to the triclabendazole content. The fasciolicidal activity of fosfatriclaben was similar to commercial oral (Fasimec®) and intramuscular (Endovet®) triclabendazole formulations at a dose of 12 mg/kg. In the in vivo experiments, all formulations administered intramuscularly reduced egg excretion by 100%, and formulations F1, F2, and F3 presented fasciolicidal activities of 100%, 100%, and 99.6%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Flores-Ramos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad Mérida, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Mérida-Tetiz, Km 4, Ucú, Yucatán 97357, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Tania Rojas-Campos
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico; Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, 43600 Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Irene Cruz-Mendoza
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Alicia Hernández-Campos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Yolanda Vera-Montenegro
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Rafael Castillo
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Israel Velázquez-Martínez
- Laboratorios de Especialidades Inmunológicas S.A. de C.V., Av. Gran Canal S/N Locales 3 y 4, Ampliación Casas Alemán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, CDMX 07580, Mexico
| | - Cecilia Padierna-Mota
- Laboratorios de Especialidades Inmunológicas S.A. de C.V., Av. Gran Canal S/N Locales 3 y 4, Ampliación Casas Alemán, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, CDMX 07580, Mexico
| | - Rosa Arias-García
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico
| | - Froylán Ibarra-Velarde
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Departamento de Parasitología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX 04510, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang M, Miao Y, Zhao C, Liu T, Wang X, Wang Z, Zhong W, He Z, Tian C, Sun J. Fine-tuning the activation behaviors of ternary modular cabazitaxel prodrugs for efficient and on-target oral anti-cancer therapy. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100908. [PMID: 38623486 PMCID: PMC11017284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2024.100908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The disulfide bond plays a crucial role in the design of anti-tumor prodrugs due to its exceptional tumor-specific redox responsiveness. However, premature breaking of disulfide bonds is triggered by small amounts of reducing substances (e.g., ascorbic acid, glutathione, uric acid and tea polyphenols) in the systemic circulation. This may lead to toxicity, particularly in oral prodrugs that require more frequent and high-dose treatments. Fine-tuning the activation kinetics of these prodrugs is a promising prospect for more efficient on-target cancer therapies. In this study, disulfide, steric disulfide, and ester bonds were used to bridge cabazitaxel (CTX) to an intestinal lymph vessel-directed triglyceride (TG) module. Then, synthetic prodrugs were efficiently incorporated into self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (corn oil and Maisine CC were used as the oil phase and Cremophor EL as the surfactant). All three prodrugs had excellent gastric stability and intestinal permeability. The oral bioavailability of the disulfide bond-based prodrugs (CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG and CTX-S-S-TG) was 11.5- and 19.1-fold higher than that of the CTX solution, respectively, demonstrating good oral delivery efficiency. However, the excessive reduction sensitivity of the disulfide bond resulted in lower plasma stability and safety of CTX-S-S-TG than that of CTX-(C)S-(C)S-TG. Moreover, introducing steric hindrance into disulfide bonds could also modulate drug release and cytotoxicity, significantly improving the anti-tumor activity even compared to that of intravenous CTX solution at half dosage while minimizing off-target adverse effects. Our findings provide insights into the design and fine-tuning of different disulfide bond-based linkers, which may help identify oral prodrugs with more potent therapeutic efficacy and safety for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yifan Miao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Can Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Institute of Drug Inspection and Testing, Shenyang 110036, China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wenxin Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chutong Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lungu CN, Creteanu A, Mehedinti MC. Endovascular Drug Delivery. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:451. [PMID: 38672722 PMCID: PMC11051410 DOI: 10.3390/life14040451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents (DES) and balloons revolutionize atherosclerosis treatment by targeting hyperplastic tissue responses through effective local drug delivery strategies. This review examines approved and emerging endovascular devices, discussing drug release mechanisms and their impacts on arterial drug distribution. It emphasizes the crucial role of drug delivery in modern cardiovascular care and highlights how device technologies influence vascular behavior based on lesion morphology. The future holds promise for lesion-specific treatments, particularly in the superficial femoral artery, with recent CE-marked devices showing encouraging results. Exciting strategies and new patents focus on local drug delivery to prevent restenosis, shaping the future of interventional outcomes. In summary, as we navigate the ever-evolving landscape of cardiovascular intervention, it becomes increasingly evident that the future lies in tailoring treatments to the specific characteristics of each lesion. By leveraging cutting-edge technologies and harnessing the potential of localized drug delivery, we stand poised to usher in a new era of precision medicine in vascular intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu N. Lungu
- Department of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania;
| | - Andreea Creteanu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T Popa, 700115 Iași, Romania
| | - Mihaela C. Mehedinti
- Department of Functional and Morphological Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University, 800010 Galati, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Kouznetsov VV. Exploring acetaminophen prodrugs and hybrids: a review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:9691-9715. [PMID: 38525062 PMCID: PMC10958773 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra00365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This critical review highlights the advances in developing new molecules for treating pain syndrome, an important issue for human health. Acetaminophen (APAP, known as paracetamol) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are commonly used in clinical practice despite their adverse effects. Research is being conducted to develop innovative drugs with improved pharmaceutical properties to mitigate these effects. A more practical way to achieve that is to study well-known and time-tested drugs in their molecular combinations. Accordingly, the present work explores APAP and their combined chemical entities, i.e., prodrugs (soft drugs), codrugs (mutual prodrugs), and hybrids. Due to their molecular structure, APAP prodrugs or codrugs could be considered merged or conjugated hybrids; all these names are very fluid terms. This article proposed a structural classification of these entities to better analyze their advances. So, the following: carrier-linked O-modified APAP, -linked N-modified APAP derivatives (prodrugs), and direct- and spacer-N,O-linked APAP hybrids (codrugs) are the central parts of this review and are examined, especially ester and amide NSAID-APAP molecules. The C-linked APAP and nitric oxide (NO)-releasing APAP hybrids were also briefly discussed. Prime examples of APAP-based drugs such as propacetamol, benorylate, acetaminosalol, nitroparacetamol, and agent JNJ-10450232 weave well into this classification. The proposed classification is the first and original, giving a better understanding of the SAR studies for new pain relievers research and the design development for the analgesic APAP-(or NSAID)-based compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir V Kouznetsov
- Laboratorio de Química Orgánica y Biomolecular, Escuela de Química, Universidad Industrial de Santander Cl. 9 # Cra 27 A.A. 680006 Bucaramanga Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang Z, Li W, Jiang Y, Park J, Gonzalez KM, Wu X, Zhang QY, Lu J. Cholesterol-modified sphingomyelin chimeric lipid bilayer for improved therapeutic delivery. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2073. [PMID: 38453918 PMCID: PMC10920917 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (Chol) fortifies packing and reduces fluidity and permeability of the lipid bilayer in vesicles (liposomes)-mediated drug delivery. However, under the physiological environment, Chol is rapidly extracted from the lipid bilayer by biomembranes, which jeopardizes membrane stability and results in premature leakage for delivered payloads, yielding suboptimal clinic efficacy. Herein, we report a Chol-modified sphingomyelin (SM) lipid bilayer via covalently conjugating Chol to SM (SM-Chol), which retains membrane condensing ability of Chol. Systemic structure activity relationship screening demonstrates that SM-Chol with a disulfide bond and longer linker outperforms other counterparts and conventional phospholipids/Chol mixture systems on blocking Chol transfer and payload leakage, increases maximum tolerated dose of vincristine while reducing systemic toxicities, improves pharmacokinetics and tumor delivery efficiency, and enhances antitumor efficacy in SU-DHL-4 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma xenograft model in female mice. Furthermore, SM-Chol improves therapeutic delivery of structurally diversified therapeutic agents (irinotecan, doxorubicin, dexamethasone) or siRNA targeting multi-drug resistant gene (p-glycoprotein) in late-stage metastatic orthotopic KPC-Luc pancreas cancer, 4T1-Luc2 triple negative breast cancer, lung inflammation, and CT26 colorectal cancer animal models in female mice compared to respective FDA-approved nanotherapeutics or lipid compositions. Thus, SM-Chol represents a promising platform for universal and improved drug delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiren Wang
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Wenpan Li
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Yanhao Jiang
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Jonghan Park
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Karina Marie Gonzalez
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Xiangmeng Wu
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Qing-Yu Zhang
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
- Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, USA
| | - Jianqin Lu
- Skaggs Pharmaceutical Sciences Center, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
- Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, 85721, USA.
- Clinical and Translational Oncology Program (CTOP), The University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
- BIO5 Institute, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Tsuchikama K, Anami Y, Ha SYY, Yamazaki CM. Exploring the next generation of antibody-drug conjugates. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2024; 21:203-223. [PMID: 38191923 DOI: 10.1038/s41571-023-00850-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a promising cancer treatment modality that enables the selective delivery of highly cytotoxic payloads to tumours. However, realizing the full potential of this platform necessitates innovative molecular designs to tackle several clinical challenges such as drug resistance, tumour heterogeneity and treatment-related adverse effects. Several emerging ADC formats exist, including bispecific ADCs, conditionally active ADCs (also known as probody-drug conjugates), immune-stimulating ADCs, protein-degrader ADCs and dual-drug ADCs, and each offers unique capabilities for tackling these various challenges. For example, probody-drug conjugates can enhance tumour specificity, whereas bispecific ADCs and dual-drug ADCs can address resistance and heterogeneity with enhanced activity. The incorporation of immune-stimulating and protein-degrader ADCs, which have distinct mechanisms of action, into existing treatment strategies could enable multimodal cancer treatment. Despite the promising outlook, the importance of patient stratification and biomarker identification cannot be overstated for these emerging ADCs, as these factors are crucial to identify patients who are most likely to derive benefit. As we continue to deepen our understanding of tumour biology and refine ADC design, we will edge closer to developing truly effective and safe ADCs for patients with treatment-refractory cancers. In this Review, we highlight advances in each ADC component (the monoclonal antibody, payload, linker and conjugation chemistry) and provide more-detailed discussions on selected examples of emerging novel ADCs of each format, enabled by engineering of one or more of these components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyoji Tsuchikama
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Yasuaki Anami
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Summer Y Y Ha
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chisato M Yamazaki
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Subbaiah MAM, Rautio J, Meanwell NA. Prodrugs as empowering tools in drug discovery and development: recent strategic applications of drug delivery solutions to mitigate challenges associated with lead compounds and drug candidates. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:2099-2210. [PMID: 38226865 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00957a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The delivery of a drug to a specific organ or tissue at an efficacious concentration is the pharmacokinetic (PK) hallmark of promoting effective pharmacological action at a target site with an acceptable safety profile. Sub-optimal pharmaceutical or ADME profiles of drug candidates, which can often be a function of inherently poor physicochemical properties, pose significant challenges to drug discovery and development teams and may contribute to high compound attrition rates. Medicinal chemists have exploited prodrugs as an informed strategy to productively enhance the profiles of new chemical entities by optimizing the physicochemical, biopharmaceutical, and pharmacokinetic properties as well as selectively delivering a molecule to the site of action as a means of addressing a range of limitations. While discovery scientists have traditionally employed prodrugs to improve solubility and membrane permeability, the growing sophistication of prodrug technologies has enabled a significant expansion of their scope and applications as an empowering tool to mitigate a broad range of drug delivery challenges. Prodrugs have emerged as successful solutions to resolve non-linear exposure, inadequate exposure to support toxicological studies, pH-dependent absorption, high pill burden, formulation challenges, lack of feasibility of developing solid and liquid dosage forms, first-pass metabolism, high dosing frequency translating to reduced patient compliance and poor site-specific drug delivery. During the period 2012-2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 50 prodrugs, which amounts to 13% of approved small molecule drugs, reflecting both the importance and success of implementing prodrug approaches in the pursuit of developing safe and effective drugs to address unmet medical needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murugaiah A M Subbaiah
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb R&D Centre, Biocon Park, Bommasandra Phase IV, Bangalore, PIN 560099, India.
| | - Jarkko Rautio
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nicholas A Meanwell
- The Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown, PA 18902, USA
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, The College of Pharmacy, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ota Y, Itoh Y, Takada Y, Yamashita Y, Hu C, Horinaka M, Sowa Y, Masuda M, Sakai T, Suzuki T. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of phenylcyclopropylamine-entinostat conjugates that selectively target cancer cells. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 100:117632. [PMID: 38340642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Small molecule-based selective cancer cell-targeting can be a desirable anticancer therapeutic strategy. Aiming to discover such small molecules, we previously developed phenylcyclopropylamine (PCPA)-drug conjugates (PDCs) that selectively release anticancer agents in cancer cells where lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is overexpressed. In this work, we designed PCPA-entinostat conjugates for selective cancer cell targeting. PCPA-entinostat conjugate 12 with a 4-oxybenzyl group linker released entinostat in the presence of LSD1 in in vitro assays and selectively inhibited the growth of cancer cells in preference to normal cells, suggesting the potential of PCPA-entinostat conjugates as novel anticancer drug delivery small molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Ota
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Itoh
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan; SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuri Takada
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | | | - Chenliang Hu
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Mano Horinaka
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sowa
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan
| | - Mitsuharu Masuda
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Sakai
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 1-5 Shimogamo-hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 603-0823, Japan; SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Smolak P, Nguyen M, Diamond C, Wescott H, Doedens JR, Schooley K, Snouwaert JN, Bock MG, Harrison D, Watt AP, Koller BH, Gabel CA. Target Cell Activation of a Structurally Novel NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain-Containing Protein 3 Inhibitor NT-0796 Enhances Potency. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:798-812. [PMID: 38253384 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a central regulator of innate immunity, essential for processing and release of interleukin-1β and pyroptotic cell death. As endogenous NLRP3 activating triggers are hallmarks of many human chronic inflammatory diseases, inhibition of NLRP3 has emerged as a therapeutic target. Here we identify NDT-19795 as a novel carboxylic acid-containing NLRP3 activation inhibitor in both human and mouse monocytes and macrophages. Remarkably, conversion of the carboxylate to an isopropyl-ester (NT-0796) greatly enhances NLRP3 inhibitory potency in human monocytes. This increase is attributed to the ester-containing pharmacophore being more cell-penetrant than the acid species and, once internalized, the ester being metabolized to NDT-19795 by carboxylesterase-1 (CES-1). Mouse macrophages do not express CES-1, and NT-0796 is ineffective in these cells. Mice also contain plasma esterase (Ces1c) activity which is absent in humans. To create a more human-like model, we generated a mouse line in which the genome was modified, removing Ces1c and replacing this segment of DNA with the human CES-1 gene driven by a mononuclear phagocyte-specific promoter. We show human CES-1 presence in monocytes/macrophages increases the ability of NT-0796 to inhibit NLRP3 activation both in vitro and in vivo. As NLRP3 is widely expressed by monocytes/macrophages, the co-existence of CES-1 in these same cells affords a unique opportunity to direct ester-containing NLRP3 inhibitors precisely to target cells of interest. Profiling NT-0796 in mice humanized with respect to CES-1 biology enables critical modeling of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of this novel therapeutic candidate. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Inhibition of NLRP3 represents a desirable therapeutic strategy for the treatment of multiple human disorders. In this study pharmacological properties of a structurally-novel, ester-containing NLRP3 inhibitor NT-0796 are characterized. To study pharmacodynamics of NT-0796 in vivo, a mouse line was engineered possessing more human-like traits with respect to carboxylesterase biology. In the context of these hCES-1 mice, NT-0796 serves as a more effective inhibitor of NLRP3 activation than the corresponding acid, highlighting the full translational potential of the ester strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Smolak
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - MyTrang Nguyen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Christine Diamond
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Heather Wescott
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - John R Doedens
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Kenneth Schooley
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - John N Snouwaert
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Mark G Bock
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - David Harrison
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Alan P Watt
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Beverly H Koller
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| | - Christopher A Gabel
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (B.H.K., M.N., J.N.S.); Nodthera, Seattle Washington (P.S., C.D., H.W., J.R.D., K.S., C.A.G.); Nodthera, Cambridge, United Kingdom (D.H., A.P.W.); and Nodthera, Boston, Massachusetts (M.G.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rana S, Dranchak P, Dahlin JL, Lamy L, Li W, Oliphant E, Shrimp JH, Rajacharya GH, Tharakan R, Holland DO, Whitten AS, Wilson KM, Singh PK, Durum SK, Tao D, Rai G, Inglese J. Methotrexate-based PROTACs as DHFR-specific chemical probes. Cell Chem Biol 2024; 31:221-233.e14. [PMID: 37875111 PMCID: PMC10922102 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a tight-binding dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor, used as both an antineoplastic and immunosuppressant therapeutic. MTX, like folate undergoes folylpolyglutamate synthetase-mediated γ-glutamylation, which affects cellular retention and target specificity. Mechanisms of MTX resistance in cancers include a decrease in MTX poly-γ-glutamylation and an upregulation of DHFR. Here, we report a series of potent MTX-based proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) to investigate DHFR degradation pharmacology and one-carbon biochemistry. These on-target, cell-active PROTACs show proteasome- and E3 ligase-dependent activity, and selective degradation of DHFR in multiple cancer cell lines. By comparison, treatment with MTX increases cellular DHFR protein expression. Importantly, these PROTACs produced distinct, less-lethal phenotypes compared to MTX. The chemical probe set described here should complement conventional DHFR inhibitors and serve as useful tools for studying one-carbon biochemistry and dissecting complex polypharmacology of MTX and related drugs. Such compounds may also serve as leads for potential autoimmune and antineoplastic therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Rana
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Patricia Dranchak
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jayme L Dahlin
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Laurence Lamy
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Wenqing Li
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Erin Oliphant
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Jonathan H Shrimp
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Girish H Rajacharya
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Ravi Tharakan
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - David O Holland
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Apryl S Whitten
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Kelli M Wilson
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Oncology Science, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; OU Health Stephenson Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Scott K Durum
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Dingyin Tao
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Ganesha Rai
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - James Inglese
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA; Metabolic Medicine Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen X, Luo Z, Hu Z, Sun D, He Y, Lu J, Chen L, Liu S. Discovery of potent thiazolidin-4-one sulfone derivatives for inhibition of proliferation of osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116082. [PMID: 38232462 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.116082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy combining with surgical treatment has been the main strategy for osteosarcoma treatment in clinical. Due to unclear pathogenesis and unidentified drug targets, significant progress has not been made in the development of targeted drugs for osteosarcoma during the past 50 years. Our previous discovery reported compound R-8i with a high potency for the treatment of osteosarcoma by phenotypic screening. However, both the metabolic stability and bioavailability of R-8i are poor (T1/2 = 5.36 min, mouse liver microsome; and bioavailability in vivo F = 52.1 %, intraperitoneal administration) which limits it use for further drug development. Here, we described an extensive structure-activity relationship study of thiazolidine-4-one sulfone inhibitors from R-8i, which led to the discovery of compound 68. Compound 68 had a potent cellular activity with an IC50 value of 0.217 μM, much higher half-life (T1/2 = 73.8 min, mouse liver microsome) and an excellent pharmacokinetic profile (in vivo bioavailability F = 115 %, intraperitoneal administration). Compound 68 also showed good antitumor effects and low toxicity in a xenograft model (44.6 % inhibition osteosarcoma growth in BALB/c mice). These results suggest that compound 68 is a potential drug candidate for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuwen Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zhengli Luo
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Zongjing Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Donghui Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Yingying He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jiani Lu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shunying Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhang X, Liu Y, Jiang M, Mas-Rosario JA, Fedeli S, Cao-Milan R, Liu L, Winters KJ, Hirschbiegel CM, Nabawy A, Huang R, Farkas ME, Rotello VM. Polarization of macrophages to an anti-cancer phenotype through in situ uncaging of a TLR 7/8 agonist using bioorthogonal nanozymes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2486-2494. [PMID: 38362405 PMCID: PMC10866364 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06431j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are plastic cells of the immune system that can be broadly classified as having pro-inflammatory (M1-like) or anti-inflammatory (M2-like) phenotypes. M2-like macrophages are often associated with cancers and can promote cancer growth and create an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment. Repolarizing macrophages from M2-like to M1-like phenotype provides a crucial strategy for anticancer immunotherapy. Imiquimod is an FDA-approved small molecule that can polarize macrophages by activating toll-like receptor 7/8 (TLR 7/8) located inside lysosomes. However, the non-specific inflammation that results from the drug has limited its systemic application. To overcome this issue, we report the use of gold nanoparticle-based bioorthogonal nanozymes for the conversion of an inactive, imiquimod-based prodrug to an active compound for macrophage re-education from anti- to pro-inflammatory phenotypes. The nanozymes were delivered to macrophages through endocytosis, where they uncaged pro-imiquimod in situ. The generation of imiquimod resulted in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The re-educated M1-like macrophages feature enhanced phagocytosis of cancer cells, leading to efficient macrophage-based tumor cell killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianzhi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Yuanchang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Mingdi Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Javier A Mas-Rosario
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Stefano Fedeli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Roberto Cao-Milan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Kyle J Winters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | | | - Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
| | - Michelle E Farkas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst 710 N. Pleasant St. Amherst MA 01003 USA
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst 230 Stockbridge Road Amherst Massachusetts 01003 USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Krikunova PV, Tolordava ER, Arkharova NA, Karimov DN, Bukreeva TV, Shirinian VZ, Khaydukov EV, Pallaeva TN. Riboflavin Crystals with Extremely High Water Solubility. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5504-5512. [PMID: 38278768 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
New insights into the unique biochemical properties of riboflavin (Rf), also known as vitamin B2, are leading to the development of its use not only as a vitamin supplement but also as a potential anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral agent, where it may play a role as an inhibitor of viral proteinases. At the same time, the comparison of the pharmacoactivity of Rf with its known metabolites, namely, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), is very complicated due to its poor water solubility: 0.1-0.3 g/L versus 67 g/L for FMN and 50 g/L for FAD, which is the limiting factor for its administration in clinical practice. In this study, we report the recrystallization procedure of the type A Rf crystals into the slightly hydrophobic type B/C and a new hydrophilic crystal form that has been termed the P type. Our method of Rf crystal modification based on recrystallization from dilute alkaline solution provides an unprecedented extremely high water solubility of Rf, reaching 23.5 g/L. A comprehensive study of the physicochemical properties of type P riboflavin showed increased photodynamic therapeutic activity compared to the known types A and B/C against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhimurium. Importantly, our work not only demonstrates a simple and inexpensive method for the synthesis of riboflavin with high solubility, which should lead to increased bioactivity, but also opens up opportunities for improving both known and new therapeutic applications of vitamin B2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Eteri R Tolordava
- Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - Denis N Karimov
- FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Moscow 119333, Russia
| | | | - Valerii Z Shirinian
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Prayag KS, Paul AT, Ghorui SK, Jindal AB. Long-term antitrypanosomal effect of quinapyramine sulphate-loaded oil-based nanosuspension in T. evansi-infected mouse model. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:542-554. [PMID: 37648938 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present work consisted of the formulation development and evaluation of quinapyramine sulphate (QS)-loaded long-acting oil-based nanosuspension for improved antitrypanosomal effect. QS was transformed into a hydrophobic ionic complex using anionic sodium cholate (Na.C). The complex was characterized by FTIR, DSC, and XRD. Oil-based nanosuspension was prepared by dispersing the QS-Na.C complex in thixotropically thickened olive oil. The nanoformulation was found to be cytocompatible (82.5 ± 5.87% cell viability at the minimum effective concentration [MEC]) in THP-1 cell lines and selectively trypanotoxic (p < 0.0001). The pharmacokinetic studies of QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension showed 13.54-fold, 7.09-fold, 1.78-fold, and 17.35-fold increases in t1/2, AUC0-∞, Vz/F, and MRT0-ꝏ, respectively, as compared to free QS. Moreover, a 7.08-fold reduction in plasma clearance was observed after the treatment with the optimized formulation in Wistar rats. Furthermore, treatment with QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension (7.5 mg/kg) in T. evansi-infected mice model showed the absence of parasitaemia for more than 75 days after the treatment during in vivo efficacy studies. The efficacy of the treatment was assessed by observation of blood smear and PCR assay for DNA amplification. To conclude, our findings suggest that the efficient delivery of QS from the developed QS-Na.C complex-loaded oily nanosuspension could be a promising treatment option for veterinary infections against trypanosomiasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kedar S Prayag
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
| | - Atish T Paul
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India
| | - Samar Kumar Ghorui
- ICAR-National Research Centre on Camel, 334001, Jorbeer, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil B Jindal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science (BITS) Pilani, Pilani Campus, 333031, Pilani, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan, India.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dang M, Shoichet MS. Long-Acting Ocular Injectables: Are We Looking In The Right Direction? ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2306463. [PMID: 38018313 PMCID: PMC10885661 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202306463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The complex anatomy and physiological barriers of the eye make delivering ocular therapeutics challenging. Generally, effective drug delivery to the eye is hindered by rapid clearance and limited drug bioavailability. Biomaterial-based approaches have emerged to enhance drug delivery to ocular tissues and overcome existing limitations. In this review, some of the most promising long-acting injectables (LAIs) in ocular drug delivery are explored, focusing on novel design strategies to improve therapeutic outcomes. LAIs are designed to enable sustained therapeutic effects, thereby extending local drug residence time and facilitating controlled and targeted drug delivery. Moreover, LAIs can be engineered to enhance drug targeting and penetration across ocular physiological barriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Dang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoONM5S 3E5Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto160 College StreetTorontoONM5S 3E1Canada
| | - Molly S. Shoichet
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied ChemistryUniversity of Toronto200 College StreetTorontoONM5S 3E5Canada
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular ResearchUniversity of Toronto160 College StreetTorontoONM5S 3E1Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering164 College StreetTorontoONM5S 3G9Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Schauenburg D, Weil T. Chemical Reactions in Living Systems. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2303396. [PMID: 37679060 PMCID: PMC10885656 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The term "in vivo ("in the living") chemistry" refers to chemical reactions that take place in a complex living system such as cells, tissue, body liquids, or even in an entire organism. In contrast, reactions that occur generally outside living organisms in an artificial environment (e.g., in a test tube) are referred to as in vitro. Over the past decades, significant contributions have been made in this rapidly growing field of in vivo chemistry, but it is still not fully understood, which transformations proceed efficiently without the formation of by-products or how product formation in such complex environments can be characterized. Potential applications can be imagined that synthesize drug molecules directly within the cell or confer new cellular functions through controlled chemical transformations that will improve the understanding of living systems and develop new therapeutic strategies. The guiding principles of this contribution are twofold: 1) Which chemical reactions can be translated from the laboratory to the living system? 2) Which characterization methods are suitable for studying reactions and structure formation in complex living environments?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer ResearchAckermannweg 1055128MainzGermany
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert‐Einstein‐Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Raithatha S, Hagel JM, Matinkhoo K, Yu L, Press D, Cook SG, Sharma G, Dhananjaya D, Jensen G, Lee JB, Cai C, Gallant J, Bains J, Tucker JE, Facchini PJ. Novel Psilocin Prodrugs with Altered Pharmacological Properties as Candidate Therapies for Treatment-Resistant Anxiety Disorders. J Med Chem 2024; 67:1024-1043. [PMID: 37983270 PMCID: PMC10823477 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
The psychedelic prodrug psilocybin has shown therapeutic benefits for the treatment of numerous psychiatric conditions. Despite positive clinical end points targeting depression and anxiety, concerns regarding the duration of the psychedelic experience produced by psilocybin, associated with enduring systemic exposure to the active metabolite psilocin, pose a barrier to its therapeutic application. Our objective was to create a novel prodrug of psilocin with similar therapeutic benefits but a reduced duration of psychedelic effects compared with psilocybin. Here, we report the synthesis and functional screening of 28 new chemical entities. Our strategy was to introduce a diversity of cleavable groups at the 4-hydroxy position of the core indole moiety to modulate metabolic processing. We identified several novel prodrugs of psilocin with altered pharmacokinetic profiles and reduced pharmacological exposure compared with psilocybin. These candidate prodrugs have the potential to maintain the long-term benefits of psilocybin therapy while attenuating the duration of psychedelic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jillian M. Hagel
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Kaveh Matinkhoo
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Lisa Yu
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - David Press
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Sarah G. Cook
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Govinda Sharma
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - D. Dhananjaya
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Glynnis Jensen
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jessica B. Lee
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Charlie Cai
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Gallant
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
| | - Jaideep Bains
- Hotchkiss
Brain Institute and Department of Physiology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Joseph E. Tucker
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Peter J. Facchini
- Enveric
Biosciences, Inc., 3655
36 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- Department
of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wang L, Lu Y, Li D, Zhou Y, Yu L, Mesa Eguiagaray I, Campbell H, Li X, Theodoratou E. The landscape of the methodology in drug repurposing using human genomic data: a systematic review. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbad527. [PMID: 38279645 PMCID: PMC10818097 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of drug development is expensive and time-consuming. In contrast, drug repurposing can be introduced to clinical practice more quickly and at a reduced cost. Over the last decade, there has been a significant expansion of large biobanks that link genomic data to electronic health record data, public availability of various databases containing biological and clinical information and rapid development of novel methodologies and algorithms in integrating different sources of data. This review aims to provide a thorough summary of different strategies that utilize genomic data to seek drug-repositioning opportunities. We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to identify eligible studies up until 1 May 2023, with a total of 102 studies finally included after two-step parallel screening. We summarized commonly used strategies for drug repurposing, including Mendelian randomization, multi-omic-based and network-based studies and illustrated each strategy with examples, as well as the data sources implemented. By leveraging existing knowledge and infrastructure to expedite the drug discovery process and reduce costs, drug repurposing potentially identifies new therapeutic uses for approved drugs in a more efficient and targeted manner. However, technical challenges when integrating different types of data and biased or incomplete understanding of drug interactions are important hindrances that cannot be disregarded in the pursuit of identifying novel therapeutic applications. This review offers an overview of drug repurposing methodologies, providing valuable insights and guiding future directions for advancing drug repurposing studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Wang
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Lu
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Doudou Li
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajing Zhou
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lili Yu
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ines Mesa Eguiagaray
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Harry Campbell
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health and the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, The University of Edinburgh MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kim G, Won J, Kim CW, Park JR, Park D. Fabrication and Evaluation of Ultrasound-Responsive Emulsion Loading Paclitaxel for Targeted Chemotherapy. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:91-99. [PMID: 38146661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is the most widely used cancer treatment, but it has several drawbacks such as adverse side effects and low bioavailability. To address these limitations, various drug delivery systems have been investigated, including liposomes, micelles, and emulsions. These drug delivery technologies have been improving the efficacy and safety of conventional chemotherapy. This study presents an emerging drug delivery technology for targeted chemotherapy using drug-loaded ultrasound-responsive emulsion (URE) as a drug carrier and ultrasound technology for external activation. URE was designed to be responsive to ultrasound energy and fabricated by using an emulsification technique. To investigate this technology, paclitaxel, as a model drug, was used and encapsulated into URE. The size distribution, morphology, and drug release behavior of paclitaxel-loaded URE (PTX-URE) were characterized, and the echogenicity of PTX-URE was assessed by using ultrasound imaging equipment. The cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of PTX-URE with ultrasound were evaluated in breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231). Our in vitro results indicate that the combination of PTX-URE and ultrasound significantly enhanced cellular uptake by 10.6-fold and improved cytotoxicity by 24.1% compared to PTX alone. These findings suggest that the URE platform combined with ultrasound is a promising technology to improve the drug delivery efficiency for chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayoung Kim
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc., Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jongho Won
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc., Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Chul-Woo Kim
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc., Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Jong-Ryul Park
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc., Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| | - Donghee Park
- Bioinfra Life Science Inc., Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 03080, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Caldwell SE, Janosko CP, Deiters A. Development of a light-activated STING agonist. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:302-308. [PMID: 38054844 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01578e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The STING pathway is critical to innate immunity and is being investigated as a potential therapeutic target. Existing agents targeting STING suffer from several undesirable effects, particularly the possibility of systematic activation, which increases the risk of autoimmune disorders. In this proof-of-concept study, we report the development of a light-activated STING agonist, based on the potent compound SR-717. We first screened the activity of the non-caged agonist toward 5 human STING variants to identify the most viable target. A photocaged agonist was designed and synthesized in order to block an essential interaction between the carboxy acid group of the ligand with the R238 residue of the STING protein. We then investigated the selective activation of STING with the photocaged agonist, demonstrating an irradiation-dependent response. The development and characterization of this selective agonist expands the growing toolbox of conditionally controlled STING agonists to avoid systematic immune activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven E Caldwell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Chasity P Janosko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Alexander Deiters
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
- Center for Systems Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Hui A, Zhang Z, Wang J, Yang L, Deng S, Zhang W, Zhou A, Wu Z. Enhanced Brain Targeting Delivery of Salvianic Acid Using Borneol as a Promoter of Blood/Brain Transport and Regulator of P-gp. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:726-733. [PMID: 36658705 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230119120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Borneol can enhance the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of some drugs and suppress the efflux transport of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), which will contribute to the brain delivery of salvianic acid A (SAA). OBJECTIVE The study aimed to develop an approach to improve the brain targeting delivery of SAA with the aid of borneol. MATERIALS AND METHODS "Borneol" was involved in SAA via esterified prodrug SAA borneol ester (SBE) and combined administration (SAA-borneol, SAA-B). Subsequently, the blood-brain transport of SAA through brain/blood distribution and P-gp regulation via expression and function assay were investigated in rats. RESULTS The SBE and SAA-B-treated group received a three-fold brain concentration and longer t1/2 and retention period of active SAA than that of SAA alone (20.18/13.82 min vs. 6.48 min; 18.30/17.42 min vs. 11.46 min). In addition, blood to brain transport of active SAA in SBE was altered in comparison to that of SAA-B, ultimately resulting in a better drug targeting index (9.93 vs. 3.63). Further studies revealed that SBE-induced downregulation of P-gp expression occurred at the later stage of administration (60 min, P < 0.01), but SBE always showed a more powerful drug transport activity across BBB represented by Kp value of rhodamine 123 than SAA-B (30, 60 min, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The comparative results indicate that SBE exhibits prominent efficiency on SAA's targeting delivery through improved blood/brain metabolic properties and sustained inhibitory effect of "borneol" on P-gp efflux. Therefore, prodrug modification can be applied as a more effective approach for brain delivery of SAA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ailing Hui
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Jinghe Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Li Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Shaohuan Deng
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - An Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Zeyu Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Tantra T, Singh Y, Patekar R, Kulkarni S, Kumar P, Thareja S. Phosphate Prodrugs: An Approach to Improve the Bioavailability of Clinically Approved Drugs. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:336-357. [PMID: 36757029 DOI: 10.2174/0929867330666230209094738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The phosphate prodrug approach has emerged as a viable option for increasing the bioavailability of a drug candidate with low hydrophilicity and poor cell membrane permeability. When a phosphoric acid moiety is attached to the parent drug, it results in a several-fold elevation in aqueous solubility which helps to achieve desired bioavailability of the pharmaceutically active parental molecule. The neutral phosphate prodrugs have rapid diffusion ability through the plasma membrane as compared to their charged counterpart. The presence of phosphate mono ester breaking alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme throughout the whole human body, is the main consideration behind the development of phosphate prodrug strategy. The popularity of this phosphate prodrug strategy is increasing nowadays due to the fulfillment of different desired pharmacokinetic characteristics required to get pharmaceutical and therapeutic responses without showing any serious adverse drug reactions (ADR). This review article mainly focuses on various phosphate prodrugs synthesized within the last decade to get an improved pharmacological response of the parent moiety along with various preclinical and clinical challenges associated with this approach. Emphasis is also given to the chemical mechanism to release the parent moiety from the prodrug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanmoy Tantra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Yogesh Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Rohan Patekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Swanand Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| |
Collapse
|