1
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Thabet HK, Abusaif MS, Imran M, Helal MH, Alaqel SI, Alshehri A, Mohd AA, Ammar YA, Ragab A. Discovery of novel 6-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)-2H-chromenes targeting α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and PPAR-γ: Design, synthesis, virtual screening, and anti-diabetic activity for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 111:108097. [PMID: 38772048 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
A new series of 2H-chromene-based sulfonamide derivatives 3-12 has been synthesized and characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized 2H-chromenes were synthesized by reacting activated methylene with 5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)salicylaldehyde through one-step condensation followed by intramolecular cyclization. Virtual screening of the designed molecules on α-glucosidase enzymes (PDB: 3W37 and 3A4A) exhibited good binding affinity suggesting that these derivatives may be potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. In-vitro α-glucosidase activity was conducted firstly at 100 µg/mL, and the results demonstrated good inhibitory potency with values ranging from 90.6% to 96.3% compared to IP = 95.8% for Acarbose. Furthermore, the IC50 values were determined, and the designed derivatives exhibited inhibitory potency less than 11 µg/mL. Surprisingly, two chromene derivatives 6 and 10 showed the highest potency with IC50 values of 0.975 ± 0.04 and 0.584 ± 0.02 µg/mL, respectively, compared to Acarbose (IC50 = 0.805 ± 0.03 µg/mL). Moreover, our work was extended to evaluate the in-vitro α-amylase and PPAR-γ activity as additional targets for diabetic activity. The results exhibited moderate activity on α-amylase and potency as PPAR-γ agonist making it a multiplet antidiabetic target. The most active 2H-chromenes 6 and 10 exhibited significant activity to PPAR-γ with IC50 values of 3.453 ± 0.14 and 4.653 ± 0.04 µg/mL compared to Pioglitazone (IC50 = 4.884±0.29 µg/mL) indicating that these derivatives improve insulin sensitivity by stimulating the production of small insulin-sensitive adipocytes. In-silico ADME profile analysis indicated compliance with Lipinski's and Veber's rules with excellent oral bioavailability properties. Finally, the docking simulation was conducted to explain the expected binding mode and binding affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Khamees Thabet
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hamdy Helal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Ibrahim Alaqel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abida Ash Mohd
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
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2
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Kokila V, Namasivayam SKR, Amutha K, Kumar RR, Bharani RSA, Surya P. Hypocholesterolemic potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens KAVK1 modulates lipid accumulation on 3T3-L1 adipose cells and high fat diet-induced obese rat model. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:206. [PMID: 38755297 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04016-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The significance of microorganisms occurring in foods is predominantly targeted due to their application for identifying a novel range of the bacterial spectrum. Diverse microbial species are capable of exhibiting potential pharmacological activities like antimicrobial and anticancer. Microbial strains capable of reducing obesity-related syndromes have also been reported. In the present study, the hypocholesterolemic efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens isolated from dairy products was scrutinised by in vitro (3T3-L1 adipose cells) and in vivo (high-fat diet-induced obese Wistar albino rats) methods. Potential cholesterol-lowering isolates were screened using a plate assay method and optimised by physical parameters. Molecular identification of the topmost five cholesterol-lowering isolates was acquired by amplification of the 16 S rRNA gene region. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain KAVK1, followed by strains KAVK2, KAVK3, KAVK4, and KAVK5 were molecularly determined. Further, cholesterol-lowering strains degraded the spectral patterns determined by the side chain of a cholesterol molecule. The anti-lipase activity was demonstrated using the porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory method and compared with the reference compound Atorvastatin. Lyophilised strain KAVK1 revealed maximum pancreatic lipase inhibition. Strain KAVK1 attenuated lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipose cell line predicted by Oil Red O staining method. Significant reduction of body weight and change in lipid profile was recognised after the supplement of KAVK1 to obese rats. Histopathological changes in organs were predominantly marked. The result of this study implies that the cholesterol-lowering B. amyloliquefaciens KAVK1 strain was used to treat hypercholesterolemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kokila
- Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Shree Chandraprabhu Jain College, Chennai, 601 203, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 117, India
| | - S Karthick Raja Namasivayam
- Centre for Applied Research, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India.
| | - K Amutha
- Department of Biotechnology, Vels Institute of Science, Technology & Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 117, India
| | - R Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Dr. A.L.M. Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 113, India
| | - R S Arvind Bharani
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Madras Medical College, Egmore, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 008, India
| | - P Surya
- Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608 502, India
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3
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Zala AR, Naik HN, Ahmad I, Patel H, Jauhari S, Kumari P. Design and synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazole linked hybrids: Molecular docking, MD simulation, and their antidiabetic efficacy as α-Amylase inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
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4
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Ambhore JP, Laddha PS, Kide AA, Ajmire PV, Chumbhale DS, Navghare AB, Kuchake VG, Chaudhari PJ, Adhao VS. Medicinal Chemistry of Non-peptidomimetic Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV (DPP IV) Inhibitors for Treatment of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insights on Recent Development. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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5
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Kaur J, Gulati M, Zacconi F, Dureja H, Loebenberg R, Ansari MS, AlOmeir O, Alam A, Chellappan DK, Gupta G, Jha NK, Pinto TDJA, Morris A, Choonara YE, Adams J, Dua K, Singh SK. Biomedical Applications of polymeric micelles in the treatment of diabetes mellitus: Current success and future approaches. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:771-793. [PMID: 35695697 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2087629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the most common metabolic disease and multifactorial, harming patients worldwide. Extensive research has been carried out in the search for novel drug delivery systems offering reliable control of glucose levels for diabetics, aiming at efficient management of DM. AREAS COVERED Polymeric micelles (PMs) as smart drug delivery nanocarriers are discussed, focusing on oral drug delivery applications for the management of hyperglycemia. The most recent approaches used for the preparation of smart PMs employ molecular features of amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs), such as stimulus sensitivity, ligand conjugation, and as a more specific example the ability to inhibit islet amyloidosis. EXPERT OPINION PMs provide a unique platform for self-regulated or spatiotemporal drug delivery, mimicking the working mode of pancreatic islets to maintain glucose homeostasis for prolonged periods. This unique characteristic is achieved by tailoring the functional chemistry of ABCs considering the physicochemical traits of PMs, including sensing capabilities, hydrophobicity, etc. In addition, the application of ABCs for the inhibition of conformational changes in islet amyloid polypeptide garnered attention as one of the root causes of DM. However, research in this field is limited and further studies at the clinical level are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskiran Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Flavia Zacconi
- de Farmacia, Pontificia Universidad Cat´olica de ChileDepartamento de Química Org´anica, Facultad de Química y , Santiago, Chile.,Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Cat´olica de Chile, Macul, Chile
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Raimar Loebenberg
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta AB, Canada
| | - Md Salahuddin Ansari
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy Aldawadmi, Shaqra University Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Othman AlOmeir
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy Aldawadmi, Shaqra University Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Kharj, KSA
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Department of pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, India.,Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.,Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | | | - Andrew Morris
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea
| | - Yahya E Choonara
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Jon Adams
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia.,Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India.,Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
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6
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Ge W, Yang B, Chen L, Zhou Z, Jin Y. Discovery of Novel G‐Protein‐Coupled Receptor 40 Agonist with Phenylacetic Acid Scaffold for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hospital WuHan 430074 China
| | - Benhui Yang
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Lianru Chen
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zongtao Zhou
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yao Jin
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hospital WuHan 430074 China
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7
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Insulin-Mimetic Dihydroxanthyletin-Type Coumarins from Angelica decursiva with Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities and Docking Studies of Their Molecular Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020292. [PMID: 33672051 PMCID: PMC7919472 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As a traditional medicine, Angelica decursiva has been used for the treatment of many diseases. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential of four natural major dihydroxanthyletin-type coumarins—(+)-trans-decursidinol, Pd-C-I, Pd-C-II, and Pd-C-III—to inhibit the enzymes, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and α-glucosidase. In the kinetic study of the PTP1B enzyme’s inhibition, we found that (+)-trans-decursidinol, Pd-C-I, and Pd-C-II led to competitive inhibition, while Pd-C-III displayed mixed-type inhibition. Moreover, (+)-trans-decursidinol exhibited competitive-type, and Pd-C-I and Pd-C-II mixed-type, while Pd-C-III showed non-competitive type inhibition of α-glucosidase. Docking simulations of these coumarins showed negative binding energies and a similar proximity to residues in the PTP1B and α-glucosidase binding pocket, which means they are closely connected and strongly binding with the active enzyme site. In addition, dihydroxanthyletin-type coumarins are up to 40 µM non-toxic in HepG2 cells and have substantially increased glucose uptake and decreased expression of PTP1B in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Further, coumarins inhibited ONOO−-mediated albumin nitration and scavenged peroxynitrite (ONOO−), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Our overall findings showed that dihydroxanthyletin-type coumarins derived from A. decursiva is used as a dual inhibitor for enzymes, such as PTP1B and α-glucosidase, as well as for insulin susceptibility.
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8
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Xu G, Du F, Kuo GH, Xu JZ, Liang Y, Demarest K, Gaul MD. 5,5-Difluoro- and 5-Fluoro-5-methyl-hexose-based C-Glucosides as potent and orally bioavailable SGLT1 and SGLT2 dual inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127387. [PMID: 32738984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
(2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-Aryl-5,5-difluoro-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diols and (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-aryl-5-fluoro-5-methyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diols were discovered as dual inhibitors of sodium glucose co-transporter proteins (e.g. SGLT1 and SGLT2) through rational drug design, efficient synthesis, and in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Compound 6g demonstrated potent dual inhibitory activities (IC50 = 96 nM for SGLT1 and IC50 = 1.3 nM for SGLT2). It showed robust inhibition of blood glucose excursion in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats when dosed at both 1 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg orally. It also demonstrated postprandial glucose control in db/db mice when dosed orally at 10 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhang Xu
- Discovery Sciences and Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States.
| | - Fuyong Du
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Gee-Hong Kuo
- Discovery Sciences and Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - June Zhi Xu
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Yin Liang
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Keith Demarest
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
| | - Michael D Gaul
- Discovery Sciences and Metabolic Research, Janssen Research & Development, L.L.C., Welsh & McKean Roads, Spring House, PA 19477, United States
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9
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Yen FS, Hsu CC, Li HL, Wei JCC, Hwu CM. Urate-Lowering Therapy May Prevent the Development of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Gout. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:63. [PMID: 32175324 PMCID: PMC7056872 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial evidence has demonstrated a close relationship between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular (CV) diseases, but few studies have explored the possibility of using urate-lowering therapy (ULT) to attenuate the development of CV diseases. To compare the risks of incident coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, and heart failure (HF) between ULT users and non-users in patients with gout, we conducted a retrospective cohort study from the population-based National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. In total, 4,072 patients with gout were included between 2000 and 2012. The overall incident rates of CAD, stroke, and HF were compared between 2,036 ULT users and 2,036 matched non-users. The incident rates of incident CAD were 1.3 and 1.7 per 100 person-years for ULT users and non-users. ULT users had a lower adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for CAD [aHR: 0.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.55–0.89] compared with non-users. ULT users also had a lower aHR for incident stroke (aHR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.5–0.92) compared with non-users. ULT had a neutral effect on the risk of incident HF (aHR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.58–1.45). Among the urate-lowering therapy, subgroup analyses indicated that uricosuric agents had a significant effect on the prevention of CAD and stroke development; and the protection against the development of CAD by uricosuric agents appeared to have a dose-response trend. Our study demonstrated that ULT associated with lower risks of incident CAD and stroke. We recommend that patients with gout receive ULT to lower the burden of CV diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chih-Cheng Hsu
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan.,Department of Health Services Administration, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Family Medicine, Min-Sheng General Hospital, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Lun Li
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Department of Rheumatology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Chii-Min Hwu
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Kshirsagar RP, Kulkarni AA, Chouthe RS, Pathan SK, Une HD, Reddy GB, Diwan PV, Ansari SA, Sangshetti JN. SGLT inhibitors as antidiabetic agents: a comprehensive review. RSC Adv 2020; 10:1733-1756. [PMID: 35494673 PMCID: PMC9048284 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra08706k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common disorders that substantially contributes to an increase in global health burden. As a metabolic disorder, diabetes is associated with various medical conditions and diseases such as obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we cover the scientific studies on sodium/glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitors published during the last decade. Our focus on providing an exhaustive overview of SGLT inhibitors enabled us to present their chemical classification for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rashmi S Chouthe
- Srinath Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Bajaj Nagar Waluj Aurangabad 431136 India
| | | | - Hemant D Une
- Y. B. Chavan College of Pharmacy Aurangabad Maharashtra India - 431001
| | - G Bhanuprakash Reddy
- Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad Telangana India - 500007
| | - Prakash V Diwan
- Maratha Mandal Research Centre Belagavi Karnataka India - 590019
| | - Siddique Akber Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University Po Box 2454 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
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11
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Zhang X, Li G, Wu D, Yu Y, Hu N, Wang H, Li X, Wu Y. Emerging strategies for the activity assay and inhibitor screening of alpha-glucosidase. Food Funct 2020; 11:66-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01590f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The high incidence of diabetes mellitus has caused widespread concern around the world, and has quickly become one of the most prevalent and costly chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province
| | - Di Wu
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University
- China
| | - Yanxin Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
- Xi'an 710021
- China
| | - Na Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xining 810001
- China
| | - Honglun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research
- Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Xining 810001
- China
| | - Xiuting Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health
- Beijing Technology and Business University
- Beijing 100048
- China
| | - Yongning Wu
- Key Laboratories of Chemical Safety and Health
- China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment
- Beijing 100050
- China
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12
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Li Z, Hu L, Wang X, Zhou Z, Deng L, Xu Y, Zhang L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel dual FFA1 (GPR40)/PPARδ agonists as potential anti-diabetic agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 92:103254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Reyes‐Martínez JE, Ruiz‐Pacheco JA, Flores‐Valdéz MA, Elsawy MA, Vallejo‐Cardona AA, Castillo‐Díaz LA. Advanced hydrogels for treatment of diabetes. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:1375-1393. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juana E. Reyes‐Martínez
- Departamento de Biología. División de Ciencias Naturales y ExactasUniversidad de Guanajuato Guanajuato México
| | | | - Mario A. Flores‐Valdéz
- Biotecnología Médica y FarmacéuticaCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Guadalajara México
| | - Mohamed A. Elsawy
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Central Lancashire Preston UK
| | - Alba A. Vallejo‐Cardona
- Biotecnología Médica y FarmacéuticaCentro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ) Guadalajara México
| | - Luis A. Castillo‐Díaz
- Departamento de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, División de Ciencias Biológicas y de la SaludUniversidad de Sonora Hermosillo México
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14
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Li Z, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Deng L, Xu Y, Hu L, Liu B, Zhang L. Discovery of first-in-class thiazole-based dual FFA1/PPARδ agonists as potential anti-diabetic agents. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 164:352-365. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.12.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Yang J, Gu E, Yan T, Shen D, Feng B, Tang C. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of a series of novel phenylpropanoic acid derivatives agonists for the FFA1. Chem Biol Drug Des 2019; 93:900-909. [PMID: 30657643 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Free fatty acid 1 (FFA1/GPR40) has attracted extensive attention as a novel target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes for its role in the enhancement of insulin secretion with glucose dependency. Aiming to develop novel potent FFA1 agonists, a new series of phenylpropionic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized on the basis of the modification of chemical cement of TAK-875, AMG-837, and LY2881835. Among them, most promising compounds 7, 14, and 15 were obtained with EC50 values of 82, 79, and 88 nM, exhibiting a powerful agonistic activity compared to TAK-875 (95.1 nM). During Oral glucose tolerance test in normal mice, compound 7, 14, and 15 had significant glucose-lowering effect at the dose of 50 mg/kg. Furthermore, compound 15 (50 mg/kg) also significantly improved in glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetic mice. Herein, we reported the discovery and optimization of a series of potent FFA1 agonists. The discovery supported further exploration surrounding this scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaju Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enke Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting Yan
- Jiangyin Tianjiang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Daoming Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bainian Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunlei Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Li Z, Zhou Z, Deng F, Li Y, Zhang D, Zhang L. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pan agonists of FFA1, PPARγ and PPARδ. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 159:267-276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Ehteshami M, Shakerhosseini R, Sedaghat F, Hedayati M, Eini-Zinab H, Hekmatdoost A. The Effect of Gluten Free Diet on Components of Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2979-2984. [PMID: 30362336 PMCID: PMC6291063 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.10.2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the effects of Gluten free diet (GFD) on components of metabolic syndrome (MES). Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 subjects diagnosed with MES were randomly divided into two groups (n=25). The first group received a GFD and the second group continued their regular diet. Biochemical markers of MES and blood pressure were measured before and after 8-week intervention. Results: Forty five subjects completed the study. A post-hoc comparison of the groups showed no effects of the GFD and control diet on LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. The GFD reduced fasting blood glucose, waist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride concentration significantly compared with the control diet (p<0.05). Conclusion: Short-term GFD reduced WC and improved glycemic control and Triglyceride level in subjects with the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ehteshami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics,, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li Z, Xu X, Liu R, Deng F, Zeng X, Zhang L. Nitric oxide donor-based FFA1 agonists: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation as potential anti-diabetic and anti-thrombotic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:4560-4566. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Structure-based design of free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists bearing non-biphenyl scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:296-302. [PMID: 29980115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) enhances the glucose-stimulated insulin secretion without the risk of hypoglycemia. However, most of FFA1 agonists have a common biphenyl moiety, leading to a relative deprivation in structure types. Herein, we describe the exploration of non-biphenyl scaffold based on the co-crystal structure of FFA1 to increase additional interactions with the lateral residues, which led to the identification of lead compounds 3 and 9. In induced-fit docking study, compound 3 forms an edge-on interaction with Trp150 by slightly rotating the indole ring of Trp150, and compound 9 has additional hydrogen bond and δ-π interactions with Leu135, which demonstrated the feasibility of our design strategy. Moreover, lead compounds 3 and 9 revealed improved polar surface area compared to GW9508, and have considerable hypoglycemic effects in mice. This structure-based study might inspire us to design more promising FFA1 agonists by increasing additional interactions with the residues outside of binding pocket.
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Li Z, Xu X, Deng L, Liao R, Liang R, Zhang B, Zhang L. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of nitric oxide releasing derivatives of dapagliflozin as potential anti-diabetic and anti-thrombotic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3947-3952. [PMID: 29954682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cardiovascular complications were highly prevalent in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), even at the early stage of T2DM or the state of intensive glycemic control. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the intervention of cardiovascular complications in T2DM. Herein, the new hybrids of NO donor and SGLT2 inhibitor were design to achieve dual effects of anti-hyperglycemic and anti-thrombosis. As expected, the preferred hybrid 2 exhibited moderate SGLT2 inhibitory effects and anti-platelet aggregation activities, and its anti-platelet effect mediated by NO was also confirmed in the presence of NO scavenger. Moreover, compound 2 revealed significantly hypoglycemic effects and excretion of urinary glucose during an oral glucose tolerance test in mice. Potent and multifunctional hybrid, such as compound 2, is expected as a potential candidate for the intervention of cardiovascular complications in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xue Xu
- Guangzhou General Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510240, PR China
| | - Liming Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ruoxian Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ruiying Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214023, PR China.
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Brazilian insulin plant as a bifunctional food: Dual high-resolution PTP1B and α-glucosidase inhibition profiling combined with HPLC-HRMS-SPE-NMR for identification of antidiabetic compounds in Myrcia rubella Cambess. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Structure-based optimization of free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists bearing thiazole scaffold. Bioorg Chem 2018; 77:429-435. [PMID: 29433092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) plays an important role in amplifying insulin secretion in a glucose dependent manner. We have previously reported a series of FFA1 agonists with thiazole scaffold exemplified by compound 1, and identified a small hydrophobic subpocket partially occupied by the methyl group of compound 1. Herein, we describe further structure optimization to better fit the small hydrophobic subpocket by replacing the small methyl group with other hydrophobic substituents. All of these efforts resulted in the identification of compound 6, a potent FFA1 agonist (EC50 = 39.7 nM) with desired ligand efficiency (0.24) and ligand lipophilicity efficiency (4.7). Moreover, lead compound 6 exhibited a greater potential for decreasing the hyperglycemia levels than compound 1 during an oral glucose tolerance test. In summary, compound 6 is a promising FFA1 agonist for further investigation, and the structure-based study promoted our understanding for the binding pocket of FFA1.
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Vennekens R, Mesuere M, Philippaert K. TRPM5 in the battle against diabetes and obesity. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2018; 222. [PMID: 28834354 DOI: 10.1111/apha.12949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
TRPM5 is a non-selective monovalent cation channel activated by increases in intracellular Ca2+ . It has a distinct expression pattern: expression is detected in chemosensitive tissues from solitary chemosensory cells to the taste receptor cells and in pancreatic β-cells. The role of TRPM5 has been investigated with the use of knockout mouse models. Trpm5-/- mice have a lack of type II taste perception and show reduced glucose-induced insulin secretion. Expression levels of TRPM5 are reduced in obese, leptin-signalling-deficient mice, and mutations in TRPM5 have been associated with type II diabetes and metabolic syndrome. In this review, we aim to give an overview of the activation, selectivity, modulation and physiological roles of TRPM5.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Vennekens
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research; TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| | - M. Mesuere
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research; TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| | - K. Philippaert
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research; Leuven Belgium
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research; TRP Research Platform Leuven (TRPLe), Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine; KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
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Indrowati M, Pratiwi R, Rumiyati, Astuti P. Levels of Blood Glucose and Insulin Expression of Beta-cells in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extract of Artocarpus altilis Leaves and GABA. Pak J Biol Sci 2017; 20:28-35. [PMID: 29023012 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2017.28.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Information about the Artocarpus altilis leaf as an antidiabetic associated with the active compounds Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) is still limited. This study was conducted to determine the effects of ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves decoction and GABA on blood glucose levels and insulin expression of beta-cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was done by using completely randomized design and male Sprague Dewley rats. The rats were devided into normal control group and diabetic rats groups. Levels of bood glucose were measured using strip rapid test. The insulin expression in beta-cells was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA at 5% confidence level. RESULTS The result indicated that 50 mg k-1 b.wt., GABA, 400 and 800 mg k-1 b.wt., ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves decreased the level of blood glucose and increased the insulin expression in pancreas beta-cells. CONCLUSION The GABA and ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves with a minimum dose of 400 mg k-1 b.wt., can be used as an antidiabetic. Pancreas is the target organ was affected by GABA and A. altilis leaves as antidiabetic agents. Results of this study may support the development of research on the potency of GABA in natural materials as antidiabetic particularly type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meti Indrowati
- Department of Biological Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jalan Ir. Sutami 36A 57126, Surakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rarastoeti Pratiwi
- Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Te knika Selatan Sekip Utara, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Rumiyati
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadj ah Mada, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Pudji Astuti
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Fauna No. 2, Karangmalang, 55281 Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Li Z, Liu C, Xu X, Qiu Q, Su X, Dai Y, Yang J, Li H, Shi W, Liao C, Pan M, Huang W, Qian H. Discovery of phenylsulfonyl acetic acid derivatives with improved efficacy and safety as potent free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:458-479. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Yang J, Li Z, Li H, Liu C, Wang N, Shi W, Liao C, Cai X, Huang W, Qian H. Design, synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of novel free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists bearing amide linker. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:2445-2450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang F, Qiu L, Xu X, Liu Z, Zhan H, Tao X, Shah NP, Wei H. Beneficial effects of probiotic cholesterol-lowering strain of Enterococcus faecium WEFA23 from infants on diet-induced metabolic syndrome in rats. J Dairy Sci 2016; 100:1618-1628. [PMID: 28041735 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to select probiotic Enterococcus strains that have the potential to improve metabolic syndrome (MS). Ten Enterococcus strains isolated from healthy infants were evaluated for their probiotic properties in vitro, and Enterococcus faecium WEFA23 was selected due to its cholesterol removal ability (1.89 ± 0.07 mg/1010 cfu), highest glycodeoxycholic acid-hydrolase activity (1.86 ± 0.01 U/mg), and strong adhesion capacity to Caco-2 cells (17.90 ± 0.19%). The safety of E. faecium WEFA23 was verified by acute oral administration in mice, and it was found to have no adverse effects on general health status, bacterial translocation, and gut mucosal histology. Moreover, the beneficial effects of E. faecium WEFA23 on high-fat diet-induced MS in rats were investigated, and we found WEFA23 significantly decreased body weight, serum lipid levels (total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), blood glucose level, and insulin resistance in rats fed with a high-fat diet. This indicated that administration of E. faecium WEFA23 improved almost all key markers of MS, including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Our results supported E. faecium WEFA23 as a candidate for cholesterol-lowering dairy products and improvement of MS. Our research provided novel insights on Enterococcus as a strategy to combat MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Xiongpeng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhengqi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Hui Zhan
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xueying Tao
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Nagendra P Shah
- Food and Nutritional Science, School of Biological Science, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
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Li Z, Yang J, Wang X, Li H, Liu C, Wang N, Huang W, Qian H. Discovery of novel free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists bearing triazole core via click chemistry. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:5449-5454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Li Z, Qiu Q, Geng X, Yang J, Huang W, Qian H. Free fatty acid receptor agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: drugs in preclinical to phase II clinical development. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2016; 25:871-90. [PMID: 27171154 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2016.1189530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The alarming prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) stimulated the exploitation of new antidiabetic drugs with extended durability and enhanced safety. In this regard, the free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) and FFA4 have emerged as attractive targets in the last decade. FFA1 has prominent advantages in promoting insulin and incretin secretion while FFA4 shows great potential in incretin secretion, insulin sensitization and anti-inflammatory effects. AREA COVERED Herein, the authors focus specifically on FFA1 and FFA4 agonists in clinical trials and preclinical development. LY2922470, P11187 and SHR0534 are currently active in clinical trials while the CNX-011-67, SAR1, DS-1558 and BMS-986118 are in preclinical phase. The information for this review is retrieved from Integrity, Scifinder, Espacenet and clinicaltrials.gov databases. EXPERT OPINION Current proof-of-concept in clinical trials suggests that FFA1 agonists have a significant improvement for T2DM without the risk of hypoglycemia. However, there are still several challenging problems including the mechanism of the receptor and the efficacy and safety of the ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- a Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Qianqian Qiu
- a Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Xinqian Geng
- b Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes , Shanghai , PR China
| | - Jianyong Yang
- a Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- a Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China.,c Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China
| | - Hai Qian
- a Center of Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China.,c Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease , China Pharmaceutical University , Nanjing , PR China
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Design, synthesis and Structure–activity relationship studies of new thiazole-based free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 113:246-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Li Z, Pan M, Su X, Dai Y, Fu M, Cai X, Shi W, Huang W, Qian H. Discovery of novel pyrrole-based scaffold as potent and orally bioavailable free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1981-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Li Z, Yang J, Gu W, Cao G, Fu X, Sun X, Zhang Y, Jin H, Huang W, Qian H. Discovery of a novel oxime ether scaffold as potent and orally bioavailable free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07356e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1) plays a key role in amplifying glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic β-cells.
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Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with ileal transposition - an alternative surgical treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2015; 10:481-5. [PMID: 26649100 PMCID: PMC4653271 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2015.54224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as a gastrointestinal disease. Numerous studies have demonstrated that bariatric operations ameliorate T2DM significantly. The laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (L-RYGB) is considered as the gold standard procedure. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and impact of L-RYGB with ileal transposition (or interposition) on diabetes resolution in a patient who has not benefited from any medical therapy, with its additional effect on the amelioration of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The patient was a 38-year-old diabetic woman with uncontrolled blood glucose despite medical treatment, with additional gastroesophageal reflux disease. Following the procedure, her biochemical parameters and reflux symptoms improved significantly within 10 months. We think that L-RYGB with ileal transposition may be easily employed to gain a maximum effect in diabetics with adverse prognosis. This technique may be an alternative in the treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with gastroesophageal reflux.
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Li Z, Wang X, Xu X, Yang J, Qiu Q, Qiang H, Huang W, Qian H. Design, synthesis and structure–activity relationship studies of novel phenoxyacetamide-based free fatty acid receptor 1 agonists for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6666-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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A prospective evaluation of the influence of three bariatric procedures on insulin resistance improvement. Should the extent of undiluted bile transit be considered a key postoperative factor altering glucose metabolism? Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2015; 10:213-28. [PMID: 26240621 PMCID: PMC4520841 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2015.52062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2015] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Insulin resistance (IR), the essential step in development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), resolves quickly after bariatric surgery, but the effectiveness depends on the type of the procedure. Although the long-term influence on IR improvement is well documented, the mechanisms of the ultra-fast response after restrictive and bypass procedures require explanation. AIM To determine IR evolution from the initial preparative period to 6 months after the operation, exposing the rapid postoperative response while comparing the 3 bariatric methods, with the belief that the metabolic effect may be correlated with anatomical combinations. MATERIAL AND METHODS From January to December, 2013, a cohort of severely obese, insulin resistant individuals recruited to the prospective study underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG-30), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB-30) and one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB-30). Main laboratory parameters of glucose metabolism were evaluated in fasting patients preoperatively, 4 days and 1, 3 and 6 months after surgery. RESULTS Within the whole observation period the most significant improvement in homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR) was observed in the first 4 days after each operation. The decrease of HOMA-IR was higher (p < 0.0001) in gastric bypass groups than in patients after SG (-41%). The difference between bypass groups favors OAGB over RYGB (63 vs. -56%, p = 0.0489). CONCLUSIONS Among all bariatric management factors, operation type is the most important in IR improvement. The significant difference in response after SG vs. RYGB and OAGB supports the concept of metabolic competence of duodeno-jejunal exclusion. Altered bile flow after duodeno-jejunal exclusion may be responsible for enhanced glucose metabolism improvement.
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Kokil GR, Veedu RN, Ramm GA, Prins JB, Parekh HS. Type 2 diabetes mellitus: limitations of conventional therapies and intervention with nucleic acid-based therapeutics. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4719-43. [PMID: 25918949 DOI: 10.1021/cr5002832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh R Kokil
- †School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Rakesh N Veedu
- §Center for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, 90 South Street, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.,∥Western Australian Neuroscience Research Institute, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.,‡School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Grant A Ramm
- ⊥The Hepatic Fibrosis Group, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.,#Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Johannes B Prins
- ∇Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4101, Australia
| | - Harendra S Parekh
- †School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
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Yang G, Shi Y, Yu J, Li Y, Yu L, Welling A, Hofmann F, Striessnig J, Juntti-Berggren L, Berggren PO, Yang SN. CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 channel hyperactivation in mouse islet β cells exposed to type 1 diabetic serum. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:1197-207. [PMID: 25292336 PMCID: PMC11113900 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1737-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated Ca(2+) (CaV) channel acts as a key player in β cell physiology and pathophysiology. β cell CaV channels undergo hyperactivation subsequent to exposure to type 1 diabetic (T1D) serum resulting in increased cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentration and thereby Ca(2+)-triggered β cell apoptosis. The present study was aimed at revealing the subtypes of CaV1 channels hyperactivated by T1D serum as well as the biophysical mechanisms responsible for T1D serum-induced hyperactivation of β cell CaV1 channels. Patch-clamp recordings and single-cell RT-PCR analysis were performed in pancreatic β cells from CaV1 channel knockout and corresponding control mice. We now show that functional CaV1.3 channels are expressed in a subgroup of islet β cells from CaV1.2 knockout mice (CaV1.2(-/-)). T1D serum enhanced whole-cell CaV currents in islet β cells from CaV1.3 knockout mice (CaV1.3(-/-)). T1D serum increased the open probability and number of functional unitary CaV1 channels in CaV1.2(-/-) and CaV1.3(-/-) β cells. These data demonstrate that T1D serum hyperactivates both CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 channels by increasing their conductivity and number. These findings suggest CaV1.2 and CaV1.3 channels as potential targets for anti-diabetes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Yang
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Jilin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130021 China
| | - Yue Shi
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jia Yu
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yuxin Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
| | - Lina Yu
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andrea Welling
- Forschergruppe, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, 80802 München, Germany
| | - Franz Hofmann
- Forschergruppe, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Technische Universität München, 80802 München, Germany
| | - Jörg Striessnig
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Institute of Pharmacy, Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Lisa Juntti-Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Olof Berggren
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shao-Nian Yang
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024 China
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Dynamics of type 2 diabetes mellitus laboratory remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in patients with body mass index lower than 35 kg/m(2) and higher than 35 kg/m(2) in a 3-year observation period. Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2015; 9:523-30. [PMID: 25561989 PMCID: PMC4280414 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2014.44427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bariatric surgery as treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in morbidly obese patients is becoming common. Although a large number of studies demonstrating high efficacy of bariatric methods in diabetics with body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg/m2 have been published, this promising solution is still not accepted enough even in the era of a diabetes offensive. Aim To analyze the dynamics of T2DM remission in patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 and > 35 kg/m2 after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Material and methods Data of 30 patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 and 82 with BMI > 35 kg/m2 who underwent RYGB between 2007 and 2010 were collected from a prospectively designed database. The laboratory resolution of T2DM was determined by fasting plasma glucose (FPG ≤ 100 mg/dl) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c ≤ 6%). Results The T2DM regression was observed in 80% of the patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 and 83% in a group with BMI > 35 kg/m2 1 year after RYGB and about 80% 2 and 3 years after the operation in both groups. Normalization of average HbA1c and FPG was observed in the BMI > 35 kg/m2 group after 3 months, while in the BMI < 35 kg/m2 group it was reached 6 months postoperatively. Changes in main markers of T2DM were parallel with the BMI decrease 3–12 months after RYGB, but early resolution in some patients was observed independently of weight loss. Conclusions The mid-term observation of patients after RYGB revealed the laboratory remission of T2DM. Ultimate evaluation of T2DM markers 3 years after surgery demonstrates high effectiveness of RYGB in managing T2DM in both groups.
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Rashti F, Gupta E, Ebrahimi S, Shope TR, Koch TR, Gostout CJ. Development of minimally invasive techniques for management of medically-complicated obesity. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:13424-13445. [PMID: 25309074 PMCID: PMC4188895 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i37.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of bariatric surgery has been rapidly growing and evolving over the past several decades. During the period that obesity has become a worldwide epidemic, new interventions have been developed to combat this complex disorder. The development of new laparoscopic and minimally invasive treatments for medically-complicated obesity has made it essential that gastrointestinal physicians obtain a thorough understanding of past developments and possible future directions in bariatrics. New laparoscopic advancements provide patients and practitioners with a variety of options that have an improved safety profile and better efficacy without open, invasive surgery. The mechanisms of weight loss after bariatric surgery are complex and may in part be related to altered release of regulatory peptide hormones from the gut. Endoscopic techniques designed to mimic the effects of bariatric surgery and endolumenal interventions performed entirely through the gastrointestinal tract offer potential advantages. Several of these new techniques have demonstrated promising, preliminary results. We outline herein historical and current trends in the development of bariatric surgery and its transition to safer and more minimally invasive procedures designed to induce weight loss.
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Effect of orally administered L. fermentum NCIMB 5221 on markers of metabolic syndrome: an in vivo analysis using ZDF rats. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2014; 98:115-26. [PMID: 24121931 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, encompassing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, is a growing health concern of industrialized countries. Ferulic acid (FA) is a phenolic acid found in foods normally consumed by humans that has demonstrated antioxidant activity, cholesterol-lowering capabilities, and anti-tumorigenic properties. Select probiotic bacteria, including Lactobacillus fermentum NCIMB 5221, produce FA due to intrinsic ferulic acid esterase activity. The aim of the present research was to investigate a FA-producing probiotic, L. fermentum NCIMB 5221, as a biotherapeutic for metabolic syndrome. The probiotic formulation was administered daily for 8 weeks to Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, a model of hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia. Results show that the probiotic formulation reduced fasting insulin levels and insulin resistance, significantly reduced serum triglycerides (p = 0.016), lowered serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (p = 0.008), and significantly reduced the atherogenic (p = 0.016) and atherosclerosis (p = 0.012) index as compared to the control animals. In addition, the probiotic formulation significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (p = 0.041) as compared to the control animals. This research indicates that administration of the FA-producing L. fermentum NCIMB 5221 has the potential to reduce insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia, and other markers involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Further studies are required to investigate the human clinical potential of the probiotic formulation in affecting the markers and pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.
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Simultaneous determination of oral antidiabetic drugs in human plasma using microextraction by packed sorbent and high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 96:241-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Revised: 03/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Xu X, Wang G, Zhou T, Chen L, Chen J, Shen X. Novel approaches to drug discovery for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2014; 9:1047-58. [PMID: 25054271 DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2014.941352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic, complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder, which has become a serious global health problem. The side effects of known drugs and the deficiency of long-term safety data, in addition to the already determined adverse effects for the current preclinical drugs against T2DM, have largely called upon the urgent exploration of novel therapeutic and preventative strategies against this disease. AREAS COVERED The authors highlight the potential approaches for anti-T2DM drug discovery by focusing on: the restoration of pancreatic β-cell mass, the promotion of insulin secretion, the regulation of oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the modulation of autophagy. EXPERT OPINION T2DM is based on the gradual development of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction. Thus, the restoration of β-cell function is considered as one of the promising therapeutic strategies against T2DM. The stress factors, such as oxidative stress, ER stress and autophagy, play potent roles in the regulation of β-cell apoptosis, insulin secretion and sensitivity in the development of T2DM involving complicated cross-talks. Based on multiplex stress-involved regulatory networks, more and more novel potential targets have been discovered and the multi-targeted drug leads are expected to help develop more effective clinical agents for the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203 , China ; ;
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Does the length of the biliary limb influence medium-term laboratory remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass in morbidly obese patients? Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2014; 9:31-9. [PMID: 24729807 PMCID: PMC3983547 DOI: 10.5114/wiitm.2014.40383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is an effective treatment of morbid obesity leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) resolution. However, evidence demonstrates that standard limb lengths can have a limited impact on long-term weight loss and durable T2DM remission. Aim The authors evaluated the impact of biliary limb (BL) length on the T2DM laboratory markers in 2-year follow-up. Material and methods The data of 93 obese patients with T2DM who underwent RYGB between 2008 and 2010 were collected from prospectively designed database. The length of BL was standard in one group of 51 patients (S-BL: 50–75 cm) and longer in another group of 42 patients (L-BL: 100–150 cm). The laboratory parameters defining T2DM remission – fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) – were measured 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after surgery. Results The average level of FPG and HbA1c remained non-diabetic 24 months after the RYGB in both groups. A statistical difference was not observed in direct FPG, HbA1c, ΔFPG and ΔHbA1c comparisons at any follow-up point. However, a significantly higher proportion of patients in L-BL than in S-BL reached the laboratory remission criteria without anti-diabetic medicaments. Additional analysis revealed a strong correlation between the measured T2DM parameters and length of the common limb (CL) in both groups. Conclusions A longer BL can intensify the anti-diabetic effect of RYGB. The length of CL rather than BL influences the medium-term T2DM remission. Long-term observation is needed to fully assess whether introduced technical aspects of RYGB provide a durable effect of T2DM resolution.
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Ji LN, Pan CY, Lu JM, Li H, Li Q, Li QF, Peng YD, Tian HM, Yao C, Zhao ZG, Zhang RY, Wang XL, Wang L. Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin versus metformin up-titration in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: study design and rationale of the vision study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:118. [PMID: 23958390 PMCID: PMC3766124 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Limitations of the currently recommended stepwise treatment pathway for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially the failure of monotherapies to maintain good glycemic control, have prompted use of early, more aggressive combination therapies.The VISION study is designed to explore the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin as an add-on to metformin therapy compared with up-titration of metformin monotherapy in Chinese patients with T2DM. METHODS VISION, a 24-week, phase 4, prospective, randomized, multicenter, open-label, parallel-group study, will include 3312 Chinese T2DM patients aged ≥18 years who are inadequately controlled (6.5% >HbA1c ≤9%) by metformin (750-1000 mg/day). Eligible patients will be randomized to receive either vildagliptin plus metformin or up-titration of metformin monotherapy (5:1). Patients will also be subgrouped (1:1:1:1) based on their age and body mass index (BMI): <60 years and <24 kg/m²; <60 years and ≥24 kg/m²; ≥60 years and <24 kg/m²; and ≥60 years and ≥24 kg/m². CONCLUSION The VISION study will test the hypothesis that early use of combination therapy with vildagliptin and metformin will provide good glycemic control and will be better tolerated than up-titration of metformin monotherapy. The study will also correlate these benefits with age and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Nong Ji
- Peking University People’s Hospital, 11 Xizhimen Nan Dajie, Xicheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Chang-Yu Pan
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Street, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ju-Ming Lu
- Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Street, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hong Li
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi-Fu Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong-De Peng
- Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao-Ming Tian
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Yao
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhao
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ru-Ya Zhang
- Beijing Novartis Pharma Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
| | | | - Lei Wang
- Beijing Novartis Pharma Co. Ltd, Beijing, China
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Lindqvist A, Spégel P, Ekelund M, Mulder H, Groop L, Hedenbro J, Wierup N. Effects of ingestion routes on hormonal and metabolic profiles in gastric-bypassed humans. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:E856-61. [PMID: 23633201 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-3996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Gastric bypass surgery (GBP) results in the rapid resolution of type 2 diabetes. Most studies aiming to explain the underlying mechanisms are limited to data obtained after a postsurgical recovery period, making assessment of confounding influences from, for example, weight loss and altered nutrient intake difficult. OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of GBP on hormonal and metabolite profiles under conditions of identical nutrient intake independent of weight loss, we studied GBP patients fitted with a gastrostomy tube to enable the administration of nutrients to bypassed segments of the gut. Thus, this model allowed us to simulate partially the preoperative condition and compare this with the postoperative situation in the same patient. DESIGN Patients (n = 4) were first given a mixed meal test (MMT) orally and then via the gastrostomy tube, preceded by overnight and 2-hour fasting, respectively. Blood samples were assessed for hormones and metabolites. RESULTS The oral MMT yielded 4.6-fold increase in plasma insulin (P < .05), 2-fold in glucagon-like peptide-1 (P < .05), and 2.5-fold in glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (P < .05) plasma levels, compared with the gastrostomy MMT. The changes in hormone levels were accompanied by elevated branched-chain amino acid levels (1.4-2-fold, P < .05) and suppressed fatty acid levels (∼50%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS These data, comparing identical nutrient delivery, demonstrate markedly higher incretin and insulin responses after oral MMT than after gastric MMT, thereby providing a potential explanation for the rapid remission of type 2 diabetes observed after GBP. The simultaneous increase in branched-chain amino acid questions its role as a marker for insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Lindqvist
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
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Resolution of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes after Laparoscopic Truncal Vagotomy, Subtotal Gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y Gastrojejunostomy for a Patient with Intractable Gastric Ulcers. Case Rep Surg 2012. [PMID: 23198247 PMCID: PMC3503277 DOI: 10.1155/2012/102752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) has been shown to be an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with morbid obesity. However, it is unclear just how effective the LRYGB procedure is on T2DM for patients with BMI less than 35 kg/m(2). We report one obese patient with T2DM who did not meet the current NIH criteria for morbid obesity surgery. This patient underwent a laparoscopic truncal vagotomy, subtotal gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy for intractable gastric ulcers and subsequently had full resolution of her T2DM. Methods. A 48-year-old patient with a BMI of 34.6 kg/m(2) underwent a laparoscopic truncal vagotomy, subtotal gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y gastrojejunostomy for intractable gastric ulcers. The patient was seen 3 months preoperatively, followed for 24 months postoperatively, and evaluated for postoperative complications, weight loss, and improvement in comorbidities. Results. The patient had no postoperative surgical complications. Her BMI decreased from 34.6 kg/m(2) to 22.3 kg/m(2) by 24 months postoperatively. Significant improvements in her fasting blood glucose levels were seen 10 days postoperatively from a preoperative level of 147 mg/dl to 97 mg/dl. Conclusion. Patients with a BMI less than 35 kg/m(2) and uncontrolled T2DM may benefit from a laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
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Abstract
Diabetes is a major worldwide problem. Despite some progress in the development of new antidiabetic agents, the ability to maintain tight glycemic control in order to prevent renal, retinal, and neuropathic complications of diabetes without adverse complications still remains a challenge. Recent evidence suggests, however, that in addition to playing a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, the adiposity hormone leptin also plays an important role in the control of glucose metabolism via its actions in the brain. This review examines the role of leptin action in the central nervous system and the mechanisms whereby leptin mediates its effects to regulate glucose metabolism. These findings suggest that defects or dysfunction in leptin signaling may contribute to the etiology of diabetes and raise the possibility that either leptin or downstream targets of leptin may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas H. Meek
- Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gregory J. Morton
- Diabetes and Obesity Center of Excellence, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Abstract
Lifestyle intervention programmes often produce insufficient weight loss and poor weight loss maintenance. As a result, an increasing number of patients with obesity and related comorbidities undergo bariatric surgery, which includes approaches such as the adjustable gastric band or the 'divided' Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). This Review summarizes the current knowledge on nutrient deficiencies that can develop after bariatric surgery and highlights follow-up and treatment options for bariatric surgery patients who develop a micronutrient deficiency. The major macronutrient deficiency after bariatric surgery is protein malnutrition. Deficiencies in micronutrients, which include trace elements, essential minerals, and water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, are common before bariatric surgery and often persist postoperatively, despite universal recommendations on multivitamin and mineral supplements. Other disorders, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, can promote micronutrient deficiencies, especially in patients with diabetes mellitus. Recognition of the clinical presentations of micronutrient deficiencies is important, both to enable early intervention and to minimize long-term adverse effects. A major clinical concern is the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the development of metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis or osteomalacia; metabolic bone diseases may explain the increased risk of hip fracture in patients after RYGB. Further studies are required to determine the optimal levels of nutrient supplementation and whether postoperative laboratory monitoring effectively detects nutrient deficiencies. In the absence of such data, clinicians should inquire about and treat symptoms that suggest nutrient deficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikram S Bal
- Department of Medicine, Washington Hospital Center, POB North, Suite 3400, 106 Irving Street Northwest, Washington, DC 20010, USA
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Coppari R, Bjørbæk C. Leptin revisited: its mechanism of action and potential for treating diabetes. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2012; 11:692-708. [PMID: 22935803 PMCID: PMC4019022 DOI: 10.1038/nrd3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, we now have a better understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its biological effects. In addition to its established anti-obesity effects, leptin exerts antidiabetic actions that are independent of its regulation of body weight and food intake. In particular, leptin can correct diabetes in animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. In addition, long-term leptin replacement therapy improves glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity and plasma triglycerides in patients with severe insulin resistance due to lipodystrophy. These results have spurred enthusiasm for the use of leptin therapy to treat diabetes. Here, we review the current understanding of the glucoregulatory functions of leptin, emphasizing its central mechanisms of action and lessons learned from clinical studies, and discuss possible therapeutic applications of leptin in the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coppari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas TX, 75390, USA
- Department of Cellular Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- The Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Christian Bjørbæk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA, 02215, USA
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Coppari R. Metabolic actions of hypothalamic SIRT1. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2012; 23:179-85. [PMID: 22382036 PMCID: PMC3312933 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypothalamus is a small structure located in the ventral diencephalon. Hypothalamic neurons sense changes in circulating metabolic cues (e.g. leptin, insulin, glucose), and coordinate responses aimed at maintaining normal body weight and glucose homeostasis. Recent findings indicate that a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+))-dependent protein deacetylase (namely SIRT1) expressed by hypothalamic neurons is crucial for mounting responses against diet-induced obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Here, the repercussions of these findings will be discussed and particular emphasis will be given to the potential exploitation of hypothalamic SIRT1 as a target for the treatment of the rapidly-spreading metabolic disorders of obesity and T2DM. The possible roles of hypothalamic SIRT1 in regulating metabolic ageing processes will also be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coppari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hypothalamic Research, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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