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Dascălu RC, Bărbulescu AL, Stoica LE, Dinescu ȘC, Biță CE, Popoviciu HV, Ionescu RA, Vreju FA. Review: A Contemporary, Multifaced Insight into Psoriasis Pathogenesis. J Pers Med 2024; 14:535. [PMID: 38793117 PMCID: PMC11122105 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic recurrent inflammatory autoimmune pathology with a significant genetic component and several interferences of immunological cells and their cytokines. The complex orchestration of psoriasis pathogenesis is related to the synergic effect of immune cells, polygenic alterations, autoantigens, and several other external factors. The major act of the IL-23/IL-17 axis, strongly influencing the inflammatory pattern established during the disease activity, is visible as a continuous perpetuation of the pro-inflammatory response and keratinocyte activation and proliferation, leading to the development of psoriatic lesions. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) offer a better view of psoriasis pathogenic pathways, with approximately one-third of psoriasis's genetic impact on psoriasis development associated with the MHC region, with genetic loci located on chromosome 6. The most eloquent genetic factor of psoriasis, PSORS1, was identified in the MHC I site. Among the several factors involved in its complex etiology, dysbiosis, due to genetic or external stimulus, induces a burst of pro-inflammatory consequences; both the cutaneous and gut microbiome get involved in the psoriasis pathogenic process. Cutting-edge research studies and comprehensive insights into psoriasis pathogenesis, fostering novel genetic, epigenetic, and immunological factors, have generated a spectacular improvement over the past decades, securing the path toward a specific and targeted immunotherapeutic approach and delayed progression to inflammatory arthritis. This review aimed to offer insight into various domains that underline the pathogenesis of psoriasis and how they influence disease development and evolution. The pathogenesis mechanism of psoriasis is multifaceted and involves an interplay of cellular and humoral immunity, which affects susceptible microbiota and the genetic background. An in-depth understanding of the role of pathogenic factors forms the basis for developing novel and individualized therapeutic targets that can improve disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucsandra Cristina Dascălu
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Andreea Lili Bărbulescu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Loredana Elena Stoica
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Ștefan Cristian Dinescu
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Cristina Elena Biță
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
| | - Horațiu Valeriu Popoviciu
- Department of Rheumatology, BFK and Medical Rehabilitation, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 540139 Mures, Romania;
| | - Răzvan Adrian Ionescu
- Third Internal Medicine Department, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Florentin Ananu Vreju
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (R.C.D.); (C.E.B.); (F.A.V.)
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Park JE, Kim DH. Advanced Immunomodulatory Biomaterials for Therapeutic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304496. [PMID: 38716543 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The multifaceted biological defense system modulating complex immune responses against pathogens and foreign materials plays a critical role in tissue homeostasis and disease progression. Recently developed biomaterials that can specifically regulate immune responses, nanoparticles, graphene, and functional hydrogels have contributed to the advancement of tissue engineering as well as disease treatment. The interaction between innate and adaptive immunity, collectively determining immune responses, can be regulated by mechanobiological recognition and adaptation of immune cells to the extracellular microenvironment. Therefore, applying immunomodulation to tissue regeneration and cancer therapy involves manipulating the properties of biomaterials by tailoring their composition in the context of the immune system. This review provides a comprehensive overview of how the physicochemical attributes of biomaterials determine immune responses, focusing on the physical properties that influence innate and adaptive immunity. This review also underscores the critical aspect of biomaterial-based immune engineering for the development of novel therapeutics and emphasizes the importance of understanding the biomaterials-mediated immunological mechanisms and their role in modulating the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Park
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwee Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
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Sohrabi S, Masoumi J, Naseri B, Ghorbaninezhad F, Alipour S, Kazemi T, Ahmadian Heris J, Aghebati Maleki L, Basirjafar P, Zandvakili R, Doustvandi MA, Baradaran B. STATs signaling pathways in dendritic cells: As potential therapeutic targets? Int Rev Immunol 2024; 43:138-159. [PMID: 37886903 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2023.2274576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including heterogenous populations with phenotypic and functional diversity that coordinate bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Signal transducer and activator of transcriptions (STAT) factors as key proteins in cytokine signaling were shown to play distinct roles in the maturation and antigen presentation of DCs and play a pivotal role in modulating immune responses mediated by DCs such as differentiation of T cells to T helper (Th) 1, Th2 or regulatory T (Treg) cells. This review sheds light on the importance of STAT transcription factors' signaling pathways in different subtypes of DCs and highlights their targeting potential usages for improving DC-based immunotherapies for patients who suffer from cancer or diverse autoimmune conditions according to the type of the STAT transcription factor and its specific activating or inhibitory agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Sohrabi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javad Masoumi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahar Naseri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Shiva Alipour
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Tohid Kazemi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Pedram Basirjafar
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Zandvakili
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Marques ERMDC, Hsieh R, Lourenço SV, Nico MMS. Oral lupus erythematosus: Immunohistochemical evaluation of CD1a, CD21, CD123, and langerin expression in dendritic cells. J Cutan Pathol 2024; 51:368-378. [PMID: 38287771 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells participate in the pathophysiology of lupus erythematosus (LE), which are studied in systemic and cutaneous forms; however, little is known about their oral manifestations. METHODS The expressions of dendritic cell markers (including CD1a, CD21, CD123, and langerin) were investigated by immunohistochemistry technique. Sixty intraoral and lower lip LE lesions, and additional 10 control samples were collected from 2003 to 2019. They were topographically analyzed in the epithelium (EP), lamina propria (LP), epithelial junction (JUN), and deep perivascular (PV) areas. RESULTS The expression of CD1a was decreased in the EP (p = 0.003) and increased in the deep PV area (p = 0.002). Langerin immunostaining showed no significant decrease in EP (p = 0.944); however, it increased in LP (p = 0.012) and JUN (p = 0.006). CD21 was expressed in only two specimens (EP, p = 0.012; LP, p < 0.001; deep PV area, p = 0.018). CD123 expression increased in all topographies (EP, p < 0.005; LP, p < 0.001, JUN, p < 0.001; deep PV, p < 0.001). The comparison between vermilion and intraoral mucosa LE lesions suggested that sun-exposed sites showed higher expression of CD123 (EP, p = 0.024; LP, p = 0.047; JUN, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS CD1a, langerin, and CD123 expressions were detected coincidently surrounding the inflammatory infiltrate in oral LE, suggesting that these cells may play an important role in immune response. Interestingly, plasmacytoid dendritic cells showed increased CD123 expression in sun-exposed site lesions, which point out a possible function in their pathogenesis. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Hsieh
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Vanessa Lourenço
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcello Menta Simonsen Nico
- Department of Dermatology, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liu YCG, Teng AY. Distinct cross talk of IL-17 & TGF-β with the immature CD11c + TRAF6 (-/-) -null myeloid dendritic cell-derived osteoclast precursor (mDDOCp) may engage signaling toward an alternative pathway of osteoclastogenesis for arthritic bone loss in vivo. Immun Inflamm Dis 2024; 12:e1173. [PMID: 38415924 PMCID: PMC10851637 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs), though borne heterogeneous, are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, whose critical functions include triggering antigen-specific naïve T-cell responses and fine-tuning the innate versus adaptive immunity at the osteo-immune and/or mucosal mesenchyme interface. We previously reported that immature myeloid-CD11c+ DCs/mDCs may act like osteoclast (OC) precursors (OCp/mDDOCp) capable of developing into functional OCs via an alternative pathway of inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis; however, what are their contribution and signaling interactions with key osteotropic cytokines (i.e., interleukin-17 [IL-17] and transforming growth factor-β [TGF-β]) to bearing such inflammatory bone loss in vivo remain unclear to date. METHODS Herein, we employed mature adult bone marrow-reconstituted C57BL/6 TRAF6(-/-) -null chimeras without the classical monocyte/macrophage (Mo/Mϕ)-derived OCs to address their potential contribution to OCp/mDDOCp-mediated osteoclastogenesis in the chicken type-II-collagen (CC-II)-induced joint inflammation versus arthritic bone loss and parallel associations with the double-positive CD11c+ TRAP+ TRAF6-null(-/-) DC-like OCs detected in vivo via the quantitative dual-immunohistochemistry and digital histomorphometry for analyses. RESULTS The resulting findings revealed the unrecognized novel insight that (i) immature myeloid-CD11c+ TRAF6(-/-) TRAP+ DC-like OCs were involved, co-localized, and strongly associated with joint inflammation and bone loss, independent of the Mo/Mϕ-derived classical OCs, in CC-II-immunized TRAF6(-/-) -null chimeras, and (ii) the osteotropic IL-17 may engage distinct crosstalk with CD11c+ mDCs/mDDOCp before developing the CD11c+ TRAP+ TRAF6(-/-) OCs via a TGF-β-dependent interaction toward inflammation-induced arthritic bone loss in vivo. CONCLUSION These results confirm and substantiate the validity of TRAF6(-/-) -null chimeras to address the significance of immature mCD11c+ TRAP+ DC-like OCs/mDDOCp subset for an alternative pathway of arthritic bone loss in vivo. Such CD11c+ mDCs/mDDOCp-associated osteoclastogenesis through the step-wise twist-in-turns osteo-immune cross talks are thereby theme highlighted to depict a summative re-visitation proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen Chun G. Liu
- Department of Oral HygieneCenter for Osteo‐immunology & Biotechnology Research (COBR), College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiungTaiwan
- School of Oral Hygiene & Nursing, and School of DentistryKanagawa Dental University (KDU)YokosukaKanagawaJapan
| | - Andy Yen‐Tung Teng
- The Eastman Institute for Oral Health (EIOH), School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of RochesterRochesterNew YorkUSA
- Center for Osteo‐immunology & Biotechnology Research (COBR), School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU) and KMU‐HospitalKaohsiungTaiwan
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Mahajan D, Kumar T, Rath PK, Sahoo AK, Mishra BP, Kumar S, Nayak NR, Jena MK. Dendritic Cells and the Establishment of Fetomaternal Tolerance for Successful Human Pregnancy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0010. [PMID: 38782369 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Pregnancy is a remarkable event where the semi-allogeneic fetus develops in the mother's uterus, despite genetic and immunological differences. The antigen handling and processing at the maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy appear to be crucial for the adaptation of the maternal immune system and for tolerance to the developing fetus and placenta. Maternal antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophages (Mφs) and dendritic cells (DCs), are present at the maternal-fetal interface throughout pregnancy and are believed to play a crucial role in this process. Despite numerous studies focusing on the significance of Mφs, there is limited knowledge regarding the contribution of DCs in fetomaternal tolerance during pregnancy, making it a relatively new and growing field of research. This review focuses on how the behavior of DCs at the maternal-fetal interface adapts to pregnancy's unique demands. Moreover, it discusses how DCs interact with other cells in the decidual leukocyte network to regulate uterine and placental homeostasis and the local maternal immune responses to the fetus. The review particularly examines the different cell lineages of DCs with specific surface markers, which have not been critically reviewed in previous publications. Additionally, it emphasizes the impact that even minor disruptions in DC functions can have on pregnancy-related complications and proposes further research into the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting DCs to manage these complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deviyani Mahajan
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Tarun Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125001, India
| | - Prasana Kumar Rath
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Anjan Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
- Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Bidyut Prava Mishra
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
- Department of Livestock Products Technology, College of Veterinary Science and AH, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Proteomics and Structural Biology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, UMKC School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Jena
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
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Zhang Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Zhou X, Chen S, Lan K, Wang Z, Zhang Y. Identification of P3H1 as a Predictive Prognostic Biomarker for Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Based on the Cancer Genome Atlas Database. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:1041-1053. [PMID: 38058295 PMCID: PMC10697085 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s437974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The extracellular matrix in the tumor microenvironment are closely related to the development of tumors. This study's primary aim is to study the association between prolyl 3-hydroxylase 1 (P3H1) which mainly expresses collagen in extracellular matrix and the progression and prognosis of bladder cancer (BC). Methods The clinical and transcriptome data were acquired from the cancer genome atlas database. BLCAsubtyping is used to evaluate tissue subtypes of BC. The COX proportional hazards can be used to evaluate the survival process's influencing factors. Immunohistochemistry was used to identify differences in the expression of P3H1 in cancer and paired adjacent tissues. GSEA was used to investigate the underlying biological processes. Finally, ssGSEA, TIMER and pRRophetic were used to study the relationship between P3H1 and immune cell infiltration and drug sensitivity. Results The expression of P3H1 was substantially higher in highly invasive BC samples than in low invasive BC. P3H1 was an independent predictor of overall survival (HR = 1.12, p = 0.03). P3H1 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues than adjacent normal tissues in clinical tissue samples, and was significantly higher in highly stage cancer than low stage cancer samples. Samples with high P3H1 expression had a higher level of immune cell infiltration and immune function, as well as a significant correlation with macrophage and dendritic cell infiltration and TGF-beta, Th1 cells, and macrophage regulation (cor >0.3, p <0.05). P3H1 high expression samples were substantially more sensitive to docetaxel, cisplatin, vinblastine, camptothecin, paclitaxel, and other medicines than P3H1 low expression samples. Discussion P3H1 is a possible oncogene and an independent predictor of poor prognosis in BC; it also has enhanced sensitivity to docetaxel, cisplatin, vinblastine, camptothecin, paclitaxel, and other medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfeng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Nursing, Bishan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Department of Pathology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinye Zhou
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaochuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaijian Lan
- Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Urology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghai Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, People’s Republic of China
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Vafadar A, Vosough P, Jahromi HK, Tajbakhsh A, Savardshtaki A, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. The role of efferocytosis and transplant rejection: Strategies in promoting transplantation tolerance using apoptotic cell therapy and/or synthetic particles. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:959-977. [PMID: 37787641 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Recently, efforts have been made to recognize the precise reason(s) for transplant failure and the process of rejection utilizing the molecular signature. Most transplant recipients do not appreciate the unknown length of survival of allogeneic grafts with the existing standard of care. Two noteworthy immunological pathways occur during allogeneic transplant rejection. A nonspecific innate immune response predominates in the early stages of the immune reaction, and allogeneic antigens initiate a donor-specific adaptive reaction. Though the adaptive response is the major cause of allograft rejection, earlier pro-inflammatory responses that are part of the innate immune response are also regarded as significant in graft loss. The onset of the innate and adaptive immune response causes chronic and acute transplant rejection. Currently employed immunosuppressive medications have shown little or no influence on chronic rejection and, as a result, on overall long-term transplant survival. Furthermore, long-term pharmaceutical immunosuppression is associated with side effects, toxicity, and an increased risk of developing diseases, both infectious and metabolic. As a result, there is a need for the development of innovative donor-specific immunosuppressive medications to regulate the allorecognition pathways that induce graft loss and to reduce the side effects of immunosuppression. Efferocytosis is an immunomodulatory mechanism with fast and efficient clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs). As such, AC therapy strategies have been suggested to limit transplant-related sequelae. Efferocytosis-based medicines/treatments can also decrease the use of immunosuppressive drugs and have no detrimental side effects. Thus, this review aims to investigate the impact of efferocytosis on transplant rejection/tolerance and identify approaches using AC clearance to increase transplant viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Vafadar
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parisa Vosough
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Kargar Jahromi
- Research Center for Non-Communicable Disease, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardshtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Research Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Barnwal A, Gaur V, Sengupta A, Tyagi W, Das S, Bhattacharyya J. Tumor Antigen-Primed Dendritic Cell-Derived Exosome Synergizes with Colony Stimulating Factor-1 Receptor Inhibitor by Modulating the Tumor Microenvironment and Systemic Immunity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6409-6424. [PMID: 37870457 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) have overcome the disadvantages associated with dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, such as cost effectiveness, stability, and sensitivity to the systemic microenvironment. However, in clinical trials, Dex failed to provide satisfactory results because of many reasons, including inadequate maturation of DC as well as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Hence, culturing DCs in the presence of a maturation cocktail showed an induced expression of MHCs and co-stimulatory molecules. Additionally, targeting the colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1)/CSF-1 receptor (CSF-1R) signaling pathway by a CSF-1R inhibitor could deplete tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) which are responsible for immunosuppressive TME. Hence, in this study, mDexTA were isolated from bone marrow-derived DC cultured in the presence of a novel maturation cocktail and tumor antigen. mDexTA showed elevated expression of major histocompatibility complexes (MHCs) and co-stimulatory molecules and was found capable of activating naïve DC and T cells in vitro more efficiently when compared to imDexTA isolated from immature DCs. In addition, PLX-3397, a small molecule inhibitor of CSF-1/CSF-1R, was used in combination to enhance the antitumor efficacy of mDexTA. PLX-3397 showed dose-dependent toxicity against bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). In the B16-F10 murine melanoma model, we found that the combination treatment delayed tumor growth and improved survival compared to the mice treated with mDexTA alone by enhancing the CD8 T cells infiltration in TME. mDexTA when combined with PLX-3397 modulated the TME by shifting the Th1/Th2 toward a dominant Th1 population and depleting the TAMs and MDSCs. Interestingly, PLX-3397-induced FoxP3 expression was diminished when it was used in combination with mDexTA. Combination treatment also induced favorable systemic antitumor immunity in the spleen and lymph node. In conclusion, our findings provide insights into the synergy between mDexTA-based immunotherapy and PLX-3397 as the combination overcame the disadvantages associated with monotherapy and offer a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of solid tumors including melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Barnwal
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Vidit Gaur
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anindita Sengupta
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi 110029, India
| | - Witty Tyagi
- National Institute of Immunology, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Sanjeev Das
- National Institute of Immunology, Delhi 110067, India
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Science, Delhi 110029, India
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Cheng H, Yang L, Hou L, Cai Z, Yu X, Du L, Chen J, Zheng Q. Promoting immunity with novel targeting antigen delivery vehicle based on bispecific nanobody. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110140. [PMID: 37116343 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
As the most potent professional antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells (DCs) have been targeted in strategies to enhance vaccination efficacy. To date, targeted delivery has been mainly used for cancer therapy, with few studies focusing on vaccine antigens for animal epidemic diseases. In this study, we selected a series of mouse DC-specific nanobodies from a non-immunized camel. The four candidate nanobodies identified (Nb4, Nb13, Nb17, and Nb25), which showed efficient endocytosis of bone marrow-derived DCs, were evaluated as potential vaccine antigen targeted delivery vehicles. First, green fluorescent protein (GFP) was selected and four corresponding DCNb-GFP fusions were constructed for verification. Nb17-GFP was effective at promoting antibody production, inducing a cellular immune response, and increasing the IL-4 level. Second, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) and a FMDV-specific nanobody (Nb205) were selected and four bispecific nanobody DCNb-Nb205 fusions were generated to investigate the feasibility of a novel targeting antigen delivery vehicle. The resulting bispecific nanobody, Nb17-Nb205, could not only deliver FMDV particles instead of antigenic peptide, but also induced the production of specific antibodies, a cellular immune response, and IFN-γ and IL-4 levels upon immunization with a single subcutaneous injection. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the potential of bispecific nanobody as a novel and efficient DC-specific antigen delivery vehicle. This highlights the potential to expand targeted delivery to the field of animal epidemic diseases and provides a reference for the general application of nanotechnology in viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Liting Hou
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zizheng Cai
- Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoming Yu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Luping Du
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Qisheng Zheng
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
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11
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Erra Diaz F, Mazzitelli I, Bleichmar L, Melucci C, Thibodeau A, Dalotto Moreno T, Marches R, Rabinovich GA, Ucar D, Geffner J. Concomitant inhibition of PPARγ and mTORC1 induces the differentiation of human monocytes into highly immunogenic dendritic cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112156. [PMID: 36842088 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocytes can differentiate into macrophages (Mo-Macs) or dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). The cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces the differentiation of monocytes into Mo-Macs, while the combination of GM-CSF/interleukin (IL)-4 is widely used to generate Mo-DCs for clinical applications and to study human DC biology. Here, we report that pharmacological inhibition of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the presence of GM-CSF and the absence of IL-4 induces monocyte differentiation into Mo-DCs. Remarkably, we find that simultaneous inhibition of PPARγ and the nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) induces the differentiation of Mo-DCs with stronger phenotypic stability, superior immunogenicity, and a transcriptional profile characterized by a strong type I interferon (IFN) signature, a lower expression of a large set of tolerogenic genes, and the differential expression of several transcription factors compared with GM-CSF/IL-4 Mo-DCs. Our findings uncover a pathway that tailors Mo-DC differentiation with potential implications in the fields of DC vaccination and cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Erra Diaz
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mazzitelli
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Bleichmar
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Melucci
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Asa Thibodeau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Tomás Dalotto Moreno
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Radu Marches
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Duygu Ucar
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA; Institute for Systems Genomics, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
| | - Jorge Geffner
- Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA, Universidad de Buenos Aires, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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12
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Oxymatrine ameliorated experimental colitis via mechanisms involving inflammatory DCs, gut microbiota and TLR/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109612. [PMID: 36584572 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
It is common knowledge that the crosstalk of gut microbiota (GM) and dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). As a major bioactive constituent derived from the root of the Sophora flavescens, Oxymatrine (OMT) was used to treat IBD in China. However, it is still unknown whether OMT ameliorates IBD by regulating the crosstalk between DCs and GM. In the present study, after 10 days of OMT (100 mg/kg/day) treated mice with colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), the change rate of body weight, colon weight, colon weight index, colon length, DAI score and colonic pathological damage scores of colitis mice were significantly ameliorate, followed with fewer ulceration and inflammatory cell infiltration, the increased expression of IL-4 and IL-13, and the decreased expression of CCL-2, IL-33 and IFN-γ. The percents of inflammatory DCs (such as TNF-α+DCs, iNOS+DCs, CXCR5+DCs and E-cadherin+DCs) were markedly decreased, and the GM composition was regulated. Importantly, it is positive correlated between the efficacy of OMT on colitis, GM and inflammatory DCs. Meanwhile, Western blotting assay showed that OMT suppressed the activation of TLR4, Myd88, IRAK4, IRAK1, TRAF6, TAK1, TAB, MKK3, MKK6, P38, NF-κB in the TLR / NF-κB signaling pathway. In summary, OMT exhibits the protective effect against the DSS-induced experimental colitis, which was achieved by regulating the crosstalk of inflammatory DCs and GM, and inhibiting the TLR / NF-κB signaling pathway.
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13
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Mohammadi B, Saghafi M, Abdulsattar Faraj T, Kamal Kheder R, Sajid Abdulabbas H, Esmaeili SA. The role of tolerogenic dendritic cells in systematic lupus erythematosus progression and remission. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109601. [PMID: 36571919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease reflecting an imbalance between effector and regulatory immune responses. Dendritic cells (DC) are a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Inflammatory DCs (inflDC) can initiate and trigger lymphocyte responses in SLE with over-expression of surface molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokine, including Interferon (IFN) α, Interleukin (IL) 1α, IL-1β, and IL-6, resulting in the overreaction of T helper cells (Th), and B cells immune responses. On the opposite side, tolerogenic DCs (tolDC) express inhibitory interacting surface molecules and repressive mediators, such as IL-10, Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO), which can maintain self-tolerance in SLE by induction of regulatory T cells (Treg), T cells deletion and anergy. Hence, tolDCs can be a therapeutic candidate for patients with SLE to suppress their systematic inflammation. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies showed the efficacy of tolDCs therapy in autoimmune diseases. In this review, we provide a wide perspective on the effect of inflDCs in promoting inflammation and the role of tolDC in the suppression of immune cells' overreaction in SLE. Furthermore, we reviewed the finding of clinical trials and experimental studies related to autoimmune diseases, particularly SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Mohammadi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Saghafi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tola Abdulsattar Faraj
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania 46012, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hadi Sajid Abdulabbas
- Continuous Education Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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14
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Cen W, Umrath F, Salgado AJ, Reinert S, Alexander D. Secretomes derived from osteogenically differentiated jaw periosteal cells inhibit phenotypic and functional maturation of CD14 + monocyte-derived dendritic cells. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1024509. [PMID: 36700194 PMCID: PMC9868599 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1024509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The jaw periosteal tissue is generally recognized as a suitable source for the isolation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). In previous studies we showed evidence that two- and three-dimensionally cultured jaw periosteum-derived MSCs (JPCs) are able to induce a more immature phenotype of dendritic cells (DCs). To further expand our knowledge of JPCs' immunoregulative function, we investigated the effects of JPC secretomes derived from undifferentiated (CO) or osteogenically differentiated cells (treated with or without dexamethasone: OB+/-D) on CD14+ monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). We detected a remarkably reduced formation of MoDC homotypic clusters under the influence of secretomes from osteogenically induced JPCs. Further, significantly decreased numbers of CD83+ cells, up-regulated CD209 and down-regulated CD80, CD86 and CD197 expression levels were detected on the surface of MoDCs. Whereas secretomes from JPCs osteogenically stimulated with dexamethasone significantly enhanced FITC-dextran uptake capacity of MoDCs, the increase by secretomes of JPCs treated without dexamethasone did not reach significance. The analysis of mixed lymphocyte reactions revealed that OB+/-D secretomes were able to significantly reduce the numbers of proliferating CD14- peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and of proliferating CD4+ T cells. The OB-D secretome significantly promoted the expansion of regulatory CD25+ T cells. Regarding gene expression of MoDCs, remarkably up-regulated mRNA expression of CD209, HLA-DRA, CSF3, IL10 and IL8 was detected when DCs were cultured in the presence of OB+/-D secretomes. At the same time, secretomes seemed to have an impact in the down-regulation of IFNγ and IL12B gene expression. At protein level, OB+/-D secretomes significantly up-regulated IL-10 and IDO (indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase) levels whereas IL-12/IL-23p40 levels were down-regulated in supernatants of MoDCs when cultured under the presence of OB+/-D secretomes. Taken together, while secretomes from untreated JPCs had only little effects on the process of maturation of MoDCs, secretomes derived from osteogenically induced JPCs were able to inhibit the phenotypic and functional maturation of MoDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjing Cen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Felix Umrath
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - António José Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal,ICVS/3B’s-PT Government Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
| | - Siegmar Reinert
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dorothea Alexander
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany,*Correspondence: Dorothea Alexander,
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15
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Characterization of Developmental Trajectories of Dendritic Cell Hematopoiesis Through Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Methods. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2618:375-385. [PMID: 36905527 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2938-3_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell technologies have become valuable tools to trace dendritic cell differentiation trajectories. Here, we illustrate the workflow used for processing of mouse bone marrow for single-cell RNA sequencing and trajectory analyses, as done in Dress et al. (Nat Immunol 20:852-864, 2019). This short methodology is presented as a starting point for researchers just beginning to dive into the complex field of dendritic cell ontogeny and cellular development trajectory analyses.
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16
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Moore PF. Histiocytic Diseases. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2023; 53:121-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Polyelectrolyte Coating of Ferumoxytol Differentially Impacts the Labeling of Inflammatory and Steady-State Dendritic Cell Subtypes. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10123137. [PMID: 36551893 PMCID: PMC9776020 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineered magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are emerging as advanced tools for medical applications. The coating of MNPs using polyelectrolytes (PEs) is a versatile means to tailor MNP properties and is used to optimize MNP functionality. Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical regulators of adaptive immune responses. Functionally distinct DC subsets exist, either under steady-state or inflammatory conditions, which are explored for the specific treatment of various diseases, such as cancer, autoimmunity, and transplant rejection. Here, the impact of the PE coating of ferumoxytol for uptake into both inflammatory and steady-state DCs and the cellular responses to MNP labeling is addressed. Labeling efficiency by uncoated and PE-coated ferumoxytol is highly variable in different DC subsets, and PE coating significantly improves the labeling of steady-state DCs. Uncoated ferumoxytol results in increased cytotoxicity of steady-state DCs after labeling, which is abolished by the PE coating, while no increased cell death is observed in inflammatory DCs. Furthermore, uncoated and PE-coated ferumoxytol appear immunologically inert in inflammatory DCs, but they induce activation of steady-state DCs. These results show that the PE coating of MNPs can be applied to endow particles with desired properties for enhanced uptake and cell type-specific responses in distinct target DC populations.
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18
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Yu J, Zhao Q, Wang X, Zhou H, Hu J, Gu L, Hu Y, Zeng F, Zhao F, Yue C, Zhou P, Li G, Li Y, Wu W, Zhou Y, Li J. Pathogenesis, multi-omics research, and clinical treatment of psoriasis. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102916. [PMID: 36209691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease involving interactions between keratinocytes and immune cells that significantly affects the quality of life. It is characterized by hyperproliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes and excessive infiltration of immune cells in the dermis and epidermis. The immune mechanism underlying this disease has been elucidated in the past few years. Research shows that psoriasis is regulated by the complex interactions among immune cells, such as keratinocytes, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer cells, mast cells, and other immune cells. An increasing number of signaling pathways have been found to be involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, which has prompted the search for new treatment targets. In the past decades, studies on the pathogenesis of psoriasis have focused on the development of targeted and highly effective therapies. In this review, we have discussed the relationship between various types of immune cells and psoriasis and summarized the major signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, JAK-STAT, JNK, and WNT pathways. In addition, we have discussed the results of the latest omics research on psoriasis and the epigenetics of the disease, which provide insights regarding its pathogenesis and therapeutic prospects; we have also summarized its treatment strategies and observations of clinical trials. In this paper, the various aspects of psoriasis are described in detail, and the limitations of the current treatment methods are emphasized. It is necessary to improve and innovate treatment methods from the molecular level of pathogenesis, and further provide new ideas for the treatment and research of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Qixiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Linna Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yawen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Fanlian Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Fulei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chengcheng Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Pei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Guolin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ya Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Wenling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, 1 Keyuan 4th Road, Gaopeng Street, High Technological Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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19
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Razaghi A, Szakos A, Alouda M, Bozóky B, Björnstedt M, Szekely L. Proteomic Analysis of Pleural Effusions from COVID-19 Deceased Patients: Enhanced Inflammatory Markers. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112789. [PMID: 36428847 PMCID: PMC9689825 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Critically ill COVID-19 patients with pleural effusion experience longer hospitalization, multisystem inflammatory syndrome, and higher rates of mortality. Generally, pleural effusion can serve as a diagnostic value to differentiate cytokine levels. This study aimed to evaluate the pleural effusions of COVID-19 deceased patients for 182 protein markers. Olink® Inflammation and Organ Damage panels were used to determine the level of 184 protein markers, e.g., ADA, BTC, CA12, CAPG, CD40, CDCP1, CXCL9, ENTPD2, Flt3L, IL-6, IL-8, LRP1, OSM, PD-L1, PTN, STX8, and VEGFA, which were raised significantly in COVID-19 deceased patients, showing over-stimulation of the immune system and ravaging cytokine storm. The rises of DPP6 and EDIL3 also indicate damage caused to arterial and cardiovascular organs. Overall, this study confirms the elevated levels of CA12, CD40, IL-6, IL-8, PD-L1, and VEGFA, proposing their potential either as biomarkers for the severity and prognosis of the disease or as targets for therapy. Particularly, this study reports upregulated ADA, BTC, DPP6, EDIL3, LIF, ENTPD2, Flt3L, and LRP1 in severe COVID-19 patients for the first time. Pearson's correlation coefficient analysis indicates the involvement of JAK/STAT pathways as a core regulator of hyperinflammation in deceased COVID-19 patients, suggesting the application of JAK inhibitors as a potential efficient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Razaghi
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (L.S.)
| | - Attila Szakos
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marwa Alouda
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Béla Bozóky
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Björnstedt
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Laszlo Szekely
- Division of Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Cytology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence: (A.R.); (L.S.)
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20
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Hasan A, Al-Ozairi E, Hassan NYM, Ali S, Ahmad R, Al-Shatti N, Alshemmari S, Al-Mulla F. Fatal COVID-19 is Associated with Reduced HLA-DR, CD123 or CD11c Expression on Circulating Dendritic Cells. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5665-5675. [PMID: 36238761 PMCID: PMC9553279 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s360207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is linked to insufficient control of viral replication and excessive inflammation driven by an unbalanced immune response. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are specialized in the rapid production of interferons in response to viral infections, and can also prime and activate T-cells. Conventional DCs (cDCs) are critical for the elimination of viral infections owing to their specialized ability to prime and activate T cells. We assessed the frequency and phenotype of pDCs and cDCs in survivors and non-survivors of COVID-19. Patients and methods Patients with COVID-19 were enrolled, and 22 were included in this study. Peripheral whole blood was obtained during the 2nd week of illness, stained with antibodies specific for lineage markers, human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR), CD11c, and CD123, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Patients were followed-up during hospital admission and grouped into survivors (n=17) and non-survivors (n=5) of COVID-19. Results The ratio of pDCs to pre-cDCs was significantly lower (P=0.0005) in non-survivors compared to survivors. The frequency of pDCs was significantly higher than cDC2-like cells (P=0.0002) and pre-cDCs (P<0.0001) in survivors but not in non-survivors. HLA-DR expression level on pDCs and cDC2-like cells was lower in non-survivors compared to survivors (P=0.02 and P=0.058, respectively), and HLA-DR was inversely correlated with disease severity rating (pDCs: r= –0.47, P=0.027; cDC2-like cells: r= –0.45, P=0.037). CD123 expression level on pDCs was significantly lower (P=0.038) in non-survivors compared to survivors, and CD123 was inversely correlated with disease severity rating (r=–0.5, P=0.016). CD11c expression level on cDC2-like cells was significantly lower (P=0.03) in non-survivors compared to survivors, and CD11c was inversely correlated with disease severity rating (r=–0.47, P=0.025). Conclusion A lower frequency of pDCs compared to other circulating DCs, and lower expression levels of HLA-DR, CD123 or CD11c on DCs is associated with fatal COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Hasan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait City, Kuwait,Correspondence: Amal Hasan, Department of Immunology and Microbiology; Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait, Tel +965 2224 2999 Ext. 4312, Fax +965 2249 2406, Email
| | - Ebaa Al-Ozairi
- Clinical Research Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait City, Kuwait,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Nosiba Y M Hassan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jaber Al-Ahmad Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Shamsha Ali
- Special Services Facility, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Nada Al-Shatti
- Immunology & HLA Laboratory, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Salem Alshemmari
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait,Department of Hematology, Kuwait Cancer Control Center, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwit
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman, Kuwait City, Kuwait
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21
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Delgado M, Lennon-Duménil AM. How cell migration helps immune sentinels. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:932472. [PMID: 36268510 PMCID: PMC9577558 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.932472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system relies on the migratory capacity of its cellular components, which must be mobile in order to defend the host from invading micro-organisms or malignant cells. This applies in particular to immune sentinels from the myeloid lineage, i.e. macrophages and dendritic cells. Cell migration is already at work during mammalian early development, when myeloid cell precursors migrate from the yolk sac, an extra embryonic structure, to colonize tissues and form the pool of tissue-resident macrophages. Later, this is accompanied by a migration wave of precursors and monocytes from the bone marrow to secondary lymphoid organs and the peripheral tissues. They differentiate into DCs and monocyte-derived macrophages. During adult life, cell migration endows immune cells with the ability to patrol their environment as well as to circulate between peripheral tissues and lymphoid organs. Hence migration of immune cells is key to building an efficient defense system for an organism. In this review, we will describe how cell migratory capacity regulates the various stages in the life of myeloid cells from development to tissue patrolling, and migration to lymph nodes. We will focus on the role of the actin cytoskeletal machinery and its regulators, and how it contributes to the establishment and function of the immune system.
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22
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Fisher CR, Salmons HI, Mandrekar J, Greenwood-Quaintance KE, Abdel MP, Patel R. A 92 protein inflammation panel performed on sonicate fluid differentiates periprosthetic joint infection from non-infectious causes of arthroplasty failure. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16135. [PMID: 36167782 PMCID: PMC9514711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a major complication of total joint arthroplasty, typically necessitating surgical intervention and prolonged antimicrobial therapy. Currently, there is no perfect assay for PJI diagnosis. Proteomic profiling of sonicate fluid has the potential to differentiate PJI from non-infectious arthroplasty failure (NIAF) and possibly clinical subsets of PJI and/or NIAF. In this study, 200 sonicate fluid samples, including 90 from subjects with NIAF (23 aseptic loosening, 35 instability, 10 stiffness, five osteolysis, and 17 other) and 110 from subjects with PJI (40 Staphylococcus aureus, 40 Staphylococcus epidermidis, 10 Staphylococcus lugdunensis, 10 Streptococcus agalactiae, and 10 Enterococcus faecalis) were analyzed by proximity extension assay using the 92 protein Inflammation Panel from Olink Proteomics. Thirty-seven of the 92 proteins examined, including CCL20, OSM, EN-RAGE, IL8, and IL6, were differentially expressed in PJI versus NIAF sonicate fluid samples, with none of the 92 proteins differentially expressed between staphylococcal versus non-staphylococcal PJI, nor between the different types of NIAF studied. IL-17A and CCL11 were differentially expressed between PJI caused by different bacterial species, with IL-17A detected at higher levels in S. aureus compared to S. epidermidis and S. lugdunensis PJI, and CCL11 detected at higher levels in S. epidermidis compared to S. aureus and S. agalactiae PJI. Receiver operative characteristic curve analysis identified individual proteins and combinations of proteins that could differentiate PJI from NIAF. Overall, proteomic profiling using this small protein panel was able to differentiate between PJI and NIAF sonicate samples and provide a better understanding of the immune response during arthroplasty failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody R Fisher
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Harold I Salmons
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jay Mandrekar
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
- Department of Quantitative Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Kerryl E Greenwood-Quaintance
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Matthew P Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Division of Public Health, Infectious Diseases and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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23
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Ghilas S, O’Keefe R, Mielke LA, Raghu D, Buchert M, Ernst M. Crosstalk between epithelium, myeloid and innate lymphoid cells during gut homeostasis and disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:944982. [PMID: 36189323 PMCID: PMC9524271 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.944982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut epithelium not only provides a physical barrier to separate a noxious outside from a sterile inside but also allows for highly regulated interactions between bacteria and their products, and components of the immune system. Homeostatic maintenance of an intact epithelial barrier is paramount to health, requiring an intricately regulated and highly adaptive response of various cells of the immune system. Prolonged homeostatic imbalance can result in chronic inflammation, tumorigenesis and inefficient antitumor immune control. Here we provide an update on the role of innate lymphoid cells, macrophages and dendritic cells, which collectively play a critical role in epithelial barrier maintenance and provide an important linkage between the classical innate and adaptive arm of the immune system. These interactions modify the capacity of the gut epithelium to undergo continuous renewal, safeguard against tumor formation and provide feedback to the gut microbiome, which acts as a seminal contributor to cellular homeostasis of the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Ghilas
- Mucosal Immunity Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Ryan O’Keefe
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Lisa Anna Mielke
- Mucosal Immunity Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Dinesh Raghu
- Mucosal Immunity Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael Buchert
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Michael Buchert, ; Matthias Ernst,
| | - Matthias Ernst
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, and La Trobe University - School of Cancer Medicine, Heidelberg, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Michael Buchert, ; Matthias Ernst,
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24
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Chromatin structure undergoes global and local reorganization during murine dendritic cell development and activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2207009119. [PMID: 35969760 PMCID: PMC9407307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207009119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) are essential for immune responses and differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells via intermediate progenitors, such as monocyte-DC progenitors (MDPs) and common DC progenitors (CDPs). Upon infection, cDCs are activated and rapidly express host defense-related genes, such as those encoding cytokines and chemokines. Chromatin structures, including nuclear compartments and topologically associating domains (TADs), have been implicated in gene regulation. However, the extent and dynamics of their reorganization during cDC development and activation remain unknown. In this study, we comprehensively determined higher-order chromatin structures by Hi-C in DC progenitors and cDC subpopulations. During cDC differentiation, chromatin activation was initially induced at the MDP stage. Subsequently, a shift from inactive to active nuclear compartments occurred at the cDC gene loci in CDPs, which was followed by increased intra-TAD interactions and loop formation. Mechanistically, the transcription factor IRF8, indispensable for cDC differentiation, mediated chromatin activation and changes into the active compartments in DC progenitors, thereby possibly leading to cDC-specific gene induction. Using an infection model, we found that the chromatin structures of host defense-related gene loci were preestablished in unstimulated cDCs, indicating that the formation of higher-order chromatin structures prior to infection may contribute to the rapid responses to pathogens. Overall, these results suggest that chromatin structure reorganization is closely related to the establishment of cDC-specific gene expression and immune functions. This study advances the fundamental understanding of chromatin reorganization in cDC differentiation and activation.
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25
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Kamio N, Yokota A, Tokuda Y, Ogasawara C, Nakano M, Nagao M, Tashiro K, Maekawa T, Onai N, Hirai H. A Novel CD135+ Subset of Mouse Monocytes with a Distinct Differentiation Pathway and Antigen-Presenting Properties. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 209:498-509. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS), composed of monocytes/macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs), plays a critical role at the interface of the innate and adaptive immune systems. However, the simplicity of MPS has been challenged recently by discoveries of novel cellular components. In the current study, we identified the CD135+ subset of monocytes as a novel class of APCs in mice. CD135+ monocytes were readily found in the bone marrow, spleen, and peripheral blood at steady state, and they expressed markers specific to DCs, including MHC class II and CD209a, along with markers for monocytes/macrophages. In addition, this subset phagocytosed bacteria and activated naive T lymphocytes, fulfilling the criteria for APCs. CD135+ monocytes were derived directly from macrophage DC progenitors, not from common monocyte progenitors or other monocytes, suggesting that these are distinct from conventional monocytes. These findings facilitate our understanding of the MPS network that regulates immune responses for host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoka Kamio
- *Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- †Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asumi Yokota
- ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
- §Divisions of Pathology and Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, OH
| | - Yuichi Tokuda
- ¶Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Ogasawara
- ‖Department of Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan; and
| | - Masakazu Nakano
- ¶Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Nagao
- *Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kei Tashiro
- ¶Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taira Maekawa
- †Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- #Kyoto Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environment, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Onai
- ‖Department of Immunology, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan; and
| | - Hideyo Hirai
- *Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- †Department of Transfusion Medicine and Cell Therapy, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
- ‡Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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26
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Avery TY, Köhler N, Zeiser R, Brummer T, Ruess DA. Onco-immunomodulatory properties of pharmacological interference with RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway hyperactivation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:931774. [PMID: 35965494 PMCID: PMC9363660 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.931774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivation of the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK cascade - a mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway – has a well-known association with oncogenesis of leading tumor entities, including non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal carcinoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and malignant melanoma. Increasing evidence shows that genetic alterations leading to RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway hyperactivation mediate contact- and soluble-dependent crosstalk between tumor, tumor microenvironment (TME) and the immune system resulting in immune escape mechanisms and establishment of a tumor-sustaining environment. Consequently, pharmacological interruption of this pathway not only leads to tumor-cell intrinsic disruptive effects but also modification of the TME and anti-tumor immunomodulation. At the same time, the importance of ERK signaling in immune cell physiology and potentiation of anti-tumor immune responses through ERK signaling inhibition within immune cell subsets has received growing appreciation. Specifically, a strong case was made for targeted MEK inhibition due to promising associated immune cell intrinsic modulatory effects. However, the successful transition of therapeutic agents interrupting RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK hyperactivation is still being hampered by significant limitations regarding durable efficacy, therapy resistance and toxicity. We here collate and summarize the multifaceted role of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling in physiology and oncoimmunology and outline the rationale and concepts for exploitation of immunomodulatory properties of RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK inhibition while accentuating the role of MEK inhibition in combinatorial and intermittent anticancer therapy. Furthermore, we point out the extensive scientific efforts dedicated to overcoming the challenges encountered during the clinical transition of various therapeutic agents in the search for the most effective and safe patient- and tumor-tailored treatment approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Yul Avery
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center of Surgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Thomas Yul Avery, ; Dietrich Alexander Ruess,
| | - Natalie Köhler
- Department of Medicine I - Medical Center, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- CIBSS - Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Robert Zeiser
- Department of Medicine I - Medical Center, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium Deutsches Konsortium Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Brummer
- German Cancer Consortium Deutsches Konsortium Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research (IMMZ), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietrich Alexander Ruess
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Center of Surgery, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium Deutsches Konsortium Translationale Krebsforschung (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German Cancer Research Center Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Thomas Yul Avery, ; Dietrich Alexander Ruess,
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27
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Han M, Ma J, Ouyang S, Wang Y, Zheng T, Lu P, Zheng Z, Zhao W, Li H, Wu Y, Zhang B, Hu R, Otsu K, Liu X, Wan Y, Li H, Huang G. The kinase p38α functions in dendritic cells to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and allergic inflammation. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:805-819. [PMID: 35551270 PMCID: PMC9243149 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in controlling T helper 2 (Th2) cell-dependent diseases, but the signaling mechanism that triggers this function is not fully understood. We showed that p38α activity in DCs was decreased upon HDM stimulation and dynamically regulated by both extrinsic signals and Th2-instructive cytokines. p38α-specific deletion in cDC1s but not in cDC2s or macrophages promoted Th2 responses under HDM stimulation. Further study showed that p38α in cDC1s regulated Th2-cell differentiation by modulating the MK2−c-FOS−IL-12 axis. Importantly, crosstalk between p38α-dependent DCs and Th2 cells occurred during the sensitization phase, not the effector phase, and was conserved between mice and humans. Our results identify p38α signaling as a central pathway in DCs that integrates allergic and parasitic instructive signals with Th2-instructive cytokines from the microenvironment to regulate Th2-cell differentiation and function, and this finding may offer a novel strategy for the treatment of allergic diseases and parasitic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Han
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China
| | - Suidong Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Tingting Zheng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Peishan Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Zihan Zheng
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiheng Zhao
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjin Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200437, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Baohua Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Hu
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China.,Basic Department of Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, 200072, Shanghai, China
| | - Kinya Otsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, SE59NU, UK
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China
| | - Ying Wan
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University, 400038, Chongqing, China.
| | - Huabin Li
- ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.
| | - Gonghua Huang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, 523808, Dongguan, China.
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28
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Tseng HH, Li CY, Wu ST, Su HH, Wong TH, Wu HE, Chang YW, Huang SK, Tsai EM, Suen JL. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Promotes Allergic Lung Inflammation by Modulating CD8α + Dendritic Cell Differentiation via Metabolite MEHP-PPARγ Axis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:581854. [PMID: 35663974 PMCID: PMC9160748 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.581854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a common plasticizer, is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that can disrupt endocrine function. Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic exposure to DEHP in the environment is associated with the prevalence of childhood allergic diseases; however, the underlying causal relationship and immunological mechanism remain unclear. This study explored the immunomodulatory effect of DEHP on allergic lung inflammation, while particularly focusing on the impact of DEHP and its metabolite on dendritic cell differentiation and activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). The results showed that exposure to DEHP at a human tolerable daily intake dose exacerbated allergic lung inflammation in mice. Ex vivo flow cytometric analysis revealed that DEHP-exposed mice displayed a significantly decreased number of CD8α+ dendritic cells (DCs) in spleens and DC progenitors in the bone marrow, as well as, less interleukin-12 production in splenic DCs and increased T helper 2 polarization. Pharmacological experiments showed that mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), the main metabolite of DEHP, significantly hampered the differentiation of CD8α+ DCs from Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand-differentiated bone marrow culture, by modulating PPARγ activity. These results suggested that chronic exposure to DEHP at environmentally relevant levels, promotes allergic lung inflammation, at least in part, by altering DC differentiation through the MEHP-PPARγ axis. This study has crucial implications for the interaction(s) between environmental pollutants and innate immunity, with respect to the development of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Han Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yang Li
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Ting Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Wong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-En Wu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Laboratory, Taitung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taitung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eing Mei Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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29
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Larsen SE, Williams BD, Rais M, Coler RN, Baldwin SL. It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Vaccine-Induced Immunity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:840225. [PMID: 35359957 PMCID: PMC8960931 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.840225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite co-evolving with humans for centuries and being intensely studied for decades, the immune correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have yet to be fully defined. This lapse in understanding is a major lag in the pipeline for evaluating and advancing efficacious vaccine candidates. While CD4+ T helper 1 (TH1) pro-inflammatory responses have a significant role in controlling Mtb infection, the historically narrow focus on this cell population may have eclipsed the characterization of other requisite arms of the immune system. Over the last decade, the tuberculosis (TB) research community has intentionally and intensely increased the breadth of investigation of other immune players. Here, we review mechanistic preclinical studies as well as clinical anecdotes that suggest the degree to which different cell types, such as NK cells, CD8+ T cells, γ δ T cells, and B cells, influence infection or disease prevention. Additionally, we categorically outline the observed role each major cell type plays in vaccine-induced immunity, including Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Novel vaccine candidates advancing through either the preclinical or clinical pipeline leverage different platforms (e.g., protein + adjuvant, vector-based, nucleic acid-based) to purposefully elicit complex immune responses, and we review those design rationales and results to date. The better we as a community understand the essential composition, magnitude, timing, and trafficking of immune responses against Mtb, the closer we are to reducing the severe disease burden and toll on human health inflicted by TB globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha E. Larsen
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Brittany D. Williams
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Maham Rais
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rhea N. Coler
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Susan L. Baldwin
- Center for Global Infectious Disease Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, United States,*Correspondence: Susan L. Baldwin,
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30
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Ishida Y, Nosaka M, Kondo T. Bone Marrow-Derived Cells and Wound Age Estimation. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:822572. [PMID: 35155503 PMCID: PMC8828650 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.822572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Appropriate technology as well as specific target cells and molecules are key factors for determination of wound vitality or wound age in forensic practice. Wound examination is one of the most important tasks for forensic pathologists and is indispensable to distinguish antemortem wounds from postmortem damage. For vital wounds, estimating the age of the wound is also essential in determining how the wound is associated with the cause of death. We investigated bone marrow-derived cells as promising markers and their potential usefulness in forensic applications. Although examination of a single marker cannot provide high reliability and objectivity in estimating wound age, evaluating the appearance combination of bone marrow-derived cells and the other markers may allow for a more objective and accurate estimation of wound age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Ishida
- *Correspondence: Yuko Ishida ; orcid.org/0000-0001-6104-7599
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31
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Prognostic Bone Metastasis-Associated Immune-Related Genes Regulated by Transcription Factors in Mesothelioma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:9940566. [PMID: 35127947 PMCID: PMC8813231 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9940566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mesothelioma (MESO) is a mesothelial originate neoplasm with high morbidity and mortality. Despite advancement in technology, early diagnosis still lacks effectivity and is full of pitfalls. Approaches of cancer diagnosis and therapy utilizing immune biomarkers and transcription factors (TFs) have attracted more and more attention. But the molecular mechanism of these features in MESO bone metastasis has not been thoroughly studied. Utilizing high-throughput genome sequencing data and lists of specific gene subsets, we performed several data mining algorithm. Single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA) was applied to identify downstream immune cells. Potential pathways involved in MESO bone metastasis were identified using Gene Oncology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), and Cox regression analysis. Ultimately, a model to help early diagnosis and to predict prognosis was constructed based on differentially expressed immune-related genes between bone metastatic and nonmetastatic MESO groups. In conclusion, immune-related gene SDC2, regulated by TFs TCF7L1 and POLR3D, had an important role on immune cell function and infiltration, providing novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for metastatic MESO.
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32
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Stephen B, Hajjar J. Immune System in Action. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1342:1-43. [PMID: 34972961 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-79308-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tumor exists as a complex network of structures with an ability to evolve and evade the host immune surveillance mechanism. The immune milieu which includes macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells, neutrophils, mast cells, B cells, and T cells is found in the core, the invasive margin, or the adjacent stromal or lymphoid component of the tumor. The immune infiltrate is heterogeneous and varies within a patient and between patients of the same tumor histology. The location, density, functionality, and the crosstalk between the immune cells in the tumor microenvironment influence the nature of immune response, prognosis, and treatment outcomes in cancer patients. Therefore, an understanding of the characteristics of the immune cells and their role in tumor immune surveillance is of paramount importance to identify immune targets and to develop novel immune therapeutics in the war against cancer. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the individual components of the human immune system and the translational relevance of predictive biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettzy Stephen
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Joud Hajjar
- Assistant Professor, Service Chief of Adult Allergy & Immunology, Division of Immunology, Allergy & Retrovirology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children' Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
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33
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Sun R, Kim AH. The multifaceted mechanisms of malignant glioblastoma progression and clinical implications. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 41:871-898. [PMID: 35920986 PMCID: PMC9758111 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
With the application of high throughput sequencing technologies at single-cell resolution, studies of the tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma, one of the most aggressive and invasive of all cancers, have revealed immense cellular and tissue heterogeneity. A unique extracellular scaffold system adapts to and supports progressive infiltration and migration of tumor cells, which is characterized by altered composition, effector delivery, and mechanical properties. The spatiotemporal interactions between malignant and immune cells generate an immunosuppressive microenvironment, contributing to the failure of effective anti-tumor immune attack. Among the heterogeneous tumor cell subpopulations of glioblastoma, glioma stem cells (GSCs), which exhibit tumorigenic properties and strong invasive capacity, are critical for tumor growth and are believed to contribute to therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence. Here we discuss the role of extracellular matrix and immune cell populations, major components of the tumor ecosystem in glioblastoma, as well as signaling pathways that regulate GSC maintenance and invasion. We also highlight emerging advances in therapeutic targeting of these components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
| | - Albert H. Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA ,The Brain Tumor Center, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
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34
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Huang J, Long Z, Jia R, Wang M, Zhu D, Liu M, Chen S, Zhao X, Yang Q, Wu Y, Zhang S, Tian B, Mao S, Ou X, Sun D, Gao Q, Cheng A. The Broad Immunomodulatory Effects of IL-7 and Its Application In Vaccines. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680442. [PMID: 34956167 PMCID: PMC8702497 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-7 (IL-7) is produced by stromal cells, keratinocytes, and epithelial cells in host tissues or tumors and exerts a wide range of immune effects mediated by the IL-7 receptor (IL-7R). IL-7 is primarily involved in regulating the development of B cells, T cells, natural killer cells, and dendritic cells via the JAK-STAT, PI3K-Akt, and MAPK pathways. This cytokine participates in the early generation of lymphocyte subsets and maintain the survival of all lymphocyte subsets; in particular, IL-7 is essential for orchestrating the rearrangement of immunoglobulin genes and T-cell receptor genes in precursor B and T cells, respectively. In addition, IL-7 can aid the activation of immune cells in anti-virus and anti-tumor immunity and plays important roles in the restoration of immune function. These biological functions of IL-7 make it an important molecular adjuvant to improve vaccine efficacy as it can promote and extend systemic immune responses against pathogens by prolonging lymphocyte survival, enhancing effector cell activity, and increasing antigen-specific memory cell production. This review focuses on the biological function and mechanism of IL-7 and summarizes its contribution towards improved vaccine efficacy. We hope to provide a thorough overview of this cytokine and provide strategies for the development of the future vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Huang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyao Long
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaqiu Zhang
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Tian
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sai Mao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Di Sun
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qun Gao
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Research Center of Avian Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine of Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Immunomodulatory Effects Associated with Cladribine Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123488. [PMID: 34943995 PMCID: PMC8700070 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladribine is a synthetic deoxyadenosine analogue with demonstrated efficacy in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). The main mechanism of action described for cladribine is the induction of a cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes, leading to a long-term depletion of peripheral T and B cells. Besides lymphocyte toxicity, the mode of action may include immunomodulatory mechanisms affecting other cells of the immune system. In order to induce its beneficial effects, cladribine is phosphorylated inside the cell by deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) to its active form. However, the mechanism of action of cladribine may also include immunomodulatory pathways independent of DCK activation. This in vitro study was designed to explore the impact of cladribine on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) subsets, and to assess whether the immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by cladribine depend on the activation of the molecule. To this end, we obtained PBMCs from healthy donors and MS patients and performed proliferation, apoptosis and activation assays with clinically relevant concentrations of cladribine in DCK-dependent and -independent conditions. We also evaluated the effect of cladribine on myeloid lineage-derived cells, monocytes and dendritic cells (DCs). Cladribine decreased proliferation and increased apoptosis of lymphocyte subsets after prodrug activation via DCK. In contrast, cladribine induced a decrease in immune cell activation through both DCK-dependent and -independent pathways (not requiring prodrug activation). Regarding monocytes and DCs, cladribine induced cytotoxicity and impaired the activation of classical monocytes, but had no effect on DC maturation. Taken together, these data indicate that cladribine, in addition to its cytotoxic function, can mediate immunomodulation in different immune cell populations, by regulating their proliferation, maturation and activation.
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36
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Dong F, Song X, Xing J, Tang X, Sheng X, Chi H, Zhan W. Immunological characteristics of dendritic cells marker CD83 in flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 2:100030. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2021.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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37
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Knolle PA, Huang LR, Kosinska A, Wohlleber D, Protzer U. Improving Therapeutic Vaccination against Hepatitis B-Insights from Preclinical Models of Immune Therapy against Persistent Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1333. [PMID: 34835264 PMCID: PMC8623083 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B affects more than 250 million individuals worldwide, putting them at risk of developing liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. While antiviral immune responses are key to eliminating hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, insufficient antiviral immunity characterized by failure to eliminate HBV-infected hepatocytes is associated with chronic hepatitis B. Prophylactic vaccination against hepatitis B successfully established protective immunity against infection with the hepatitis B virus and has been instrumental in controlling hepatitis B. However, prophylactic vaccination schemes have not been successful in mounting protective immunity to eliminate HBV infections in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the development and efficacy of therapeutic vaccination strategies against chronic hepatitis B with particular emphasis on the pathogenetic understanding of dysfunctional anti-viral immunity. We explore the development of additional immune stimulation measures within tissues, in particular activation of immunogenic myeloid cell populations, and their use for combination with therapeutic vaccination strategies to improve the efficacy of therapeutic vaccination against chronic hepatitis B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Percy A. Knolle
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- German Center for infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Li-Rung Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli City 350, Taiwan;
| | - Anna Kosinska
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dirk Wohlleber
- Institute of Molecular Immunology and Experimental Oncology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Ulrike Protzer
- German Center for infection Research (DZIF), Munich Site, 81675 Munich, Germany;
- Institute of Virology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany;
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38
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Immune cell and TCR/BCR repertoire profiling in systemic lupus erythematosus patients by single-cell sequencing. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:24432-24448. [PMID: 34772824 PMCID: PMC8610142 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The immune cells and the repertoire of T cells and B cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Exploring their expression and distribution in SLE can help us better understand this lethal autoimmune disease. In this study, we used a single-cell 5’ RNA sequence and single-cell T cell receptor (TCR)/B cell receptor (BCR) to study the immune cells and the repertoire from ten SLE patients and the paired normal controls (NC). The results showed that 9732 cells correspondence to 12 cluster immune cell types were identified in NC, whereas 11042 cells correspondence to 16 cluster immune cell types were identified in SLE. The results demonstrated that neutrophil, macrophage, and dendritic cells were accumulated in SLE by annotating the immune cell types. Besides, the bioinformatics analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in these cell types indicates their role in inflammation response. In addition, patients with SLE showed increased TCR and BCR clonotypes compared with the healthy controls. Furthermore, patients with SLE showed biased usage of TCR and BCR V(D)J genes. Taken together, we characterized the transcriptome and TCR/BCR immune repertoire profiles of SLE patients, which may provide a new avenue for the diagnosis and treatment of SLE.
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Ma C, Ma X, Jiang B, Pan H, Liao X, Zhang L, Li W, Luo Y, Shen Z, Cheng X, Lian M, Wang Z. A novel inactivated whole-cell Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine that acts through the cGAS-STING pathway. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:353. [PMID: 34593766 PMCID: PMC8484301 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection continues to be a major threat to global public health, and new safe and efficacious vaccines are needed for prevention of infections caused by P. aeruginosa. X-ray irradiation has been used to prepare whole-cell inactivated vaccines against P. aeruginosa infection. However, the immunological mechanisms of X-ray-inactivated vaccines are still unclear and require further investigation. Our previous study found that an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine could provide protection against P. aeruginosa by boosting T cells. The aim of the present study was to further explore the immunological mechanisms of the vaccine. Herein, P. aeruginosa PAO1, a widely used laboratory strain, was utilized to prepare the vaccine, and we found nucleic acids and 8-hydroxyguanosine in the supernatant of X-ray-inactivated PAO1 (XPa). By detecting CD86, CD80, and MHCII expression, we found that XPa fostered dentritic cell (DC) maturation by detecting. XPa stimulated the cGAS-STING pathway as well as Toll-like receptors in DCs in vitro, and DC finally underwent apoptosis and pyroptosis after XPa stimulation. In addition, DC stimulated by XPa induced CD8+ T-cell proliferation in vitro and generated immunologic memory in vivo. Moreover, XPa vaccination induced both Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses in mice and reduced the level of inflammatory factors during infection. XPa protected mice in pneumonia models from infection with PAO1 or multidrug-resistant clinical isolate W9. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mice immunized with XPa could resist PAO1 infection. Therefore, a new mechanism of an X-ray-inactivated whole-cell vaccine against P. aeruginosa infection was discovered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control (NIFDC), Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Boguang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hailong Pan
- Department of Quality Management, China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Xueyuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yingjie Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhixue Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xingjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Mao Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhenling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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40
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Tian Y, Meng L, Wang Y, Li B, Yu H, Zhou Y, Bui T, Abraham C, Li A, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhao C, Mineishi S, Gallucci S, Porter D, Hexner E, Zheng H, Zhang Y, Hu S, Zhang Y. Graft-versus-host disease depletes plasmacytoid dendritic cell progenitors to impair tolerance induction. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:136774. [PMID: 33090973 DOI: 10.1172/jci136774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) causes failed reconstitution of donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) that are critical for immune protection and tolerance. We used both murine and human systems to uncover the mechanisms whereby GVHD induces donor pDC defects. GVHD depleted Flt3-expressing donor multipotent progenitors (MPPs) that sustained pDCs, leading to impaired generation of pDCs. MPP loss was associated with decreased amounts of MPP-producing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and oxidative stress-induced death of proliferating MPPs. Additionally, alloreactive T cells produced GM-CSF to inhibit MPP expression of Tcf4, the transcription factor essential for pDC development, subverting MPP production of pDCs. GM-CSF did not affect the maturation of pDC precursors. Notably, enhanced recovery of donor pDCs upon adoptive transfer early after allogeneic HSC transplantation repressed GVHD and restored the de novo generation of donor pDCs in recipient mice. pDCs suppressed the proliferation and expansion of activated autologous T cells via a type I IFN signaling-dependent mechanism. They also produced PD-L1 and LILRB4 to inhibit T cell production of IFN-γ. We thus demonstrate that GVHD impairs the reconstitution of tolerogenic donor pDCs by depleting DC progenitors rather than by preventing pDC maturation. MPPs are an important target to effectively bolster pDC reconstitution for controlling GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tian
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lijun Meng
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Hematology, Children Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bohan Li
- Department of Hematology, Children Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongshuang Yu
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yan Zhou
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tien Bui
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ciril Abraham
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alicia Li
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yongping Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Children Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Hematology, Children Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Shin Mineishi
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stefania Gallucci
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David Porter
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hexner
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hong Zheng
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Yanyun Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology, Children Hospital, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Monjazeb AM, Schalper KA, Villarroel-Espindola F, Nguyen A, Shiao SL, Young K. Effects of Radiation on the Tumor Microenvironment. Semin Radiat Oncol 2021; 30:145-157. [PMID: 32381294 DOI: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A malignant tumor consists of malignant cells as well as a wide array of normal host tissues including stroma, vasculature, and immune infiltrate. The interaction between cancer and these host tissues is critical as these host tissues play a variety of roles in supporting or resisting disease progression. Radiotherapy (RT) has direct effects on malignant cells, but, also, critically important effects on these other components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Given the growing role of immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunotherapy strategies, understanding how RT affects the TME, particularly the immune compartment, is essential to advance RT in this new era of cancer therapy. The interactions between RT and the TME are complex, affecting the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system. RT can induce both proinflammatory effects and immune suppressive effects that can either promote or impede antitumor immunity. It is likely that the initial proinflammatory effects of RT eventually lead to rebound immune-suppression as chronic inflammation sets in. The exact kinetics and nature of how RT changes the TME likely depends on timing, dose, fractionation, site irradiated, and tumor type. With increased understanding of the effects of RT on the TME, in the future it is likely that we will be able to personalize RT by varying the dose, site, and timing of intervention to generate the desired response to partner with immunotherapy strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arta M Monjazeb
- UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Sacramento, CA.
| | - Kurt A Schalper
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Pathology, New Haven, CT
| | | | - Anthony Nguyen
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Stephen L Shiao
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Kristina Young
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR; Radiation Oncology Division, The Oregon Clinic, Portland, OR
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42
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Gold nanorods enhance different immune cells and allow for efficient targeting of CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregulatory cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0241882. [PMID: 34460818 PMCID: PMC8404976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) hold great promise in nanomedicine, yet their successful clinical translation has not been realized. Some challenges include effective AuNP targeting and delivery to improve modulation of immune cells of interest while limiting potential adverse effects. In order to overcome these challenges, we must fully understand how AuNPs impact different immune cell subsets, particularly within the dendritic cell and T cell compartments. Herein, we show that polyethylene glycol coated (PEG) gold nanorods (AuNRs) and PEG AuNRs covered with a thin layer of silver (AuNR/Ag) may enhance the immune response towards immune suppression or activation. We also studied the ability to enhance CD4+ Foxp3+ Tregs in vitro using AuNRs functionalized with interleukin 2 (IL2), a cytokine that is important in Treg development and homeostasis. Our results indicate that AuNRs enhance different immune cells and that NP composition matters in immune targeting. This knowledge will help us understand how to better design AuNRs to target and enhance the immune system.
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Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is an irreversible damage of the heart muscle, which often leads to adverse cardiac remodeling and progressive heart failure. After MI, immune cells play a vital role in the clearance of the dying tissue and cardiac remodeling. Post-MI events include the release of danger signals by necrotic cardiomyocytes and the migration of the inflammatory cells, such as dendritic cells, neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, into the site of the cardiac injury to digest the cell debris and secrete a variety of inflammatory factors activating the inflammatory response. In this review, we focus on the role of immune cells in the cardiac remodeling after MI and the novel immunotherapies targeting immune cells.
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44
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Sansonetti M, De Windt LJ. Non-coding RNAs in cardiac inflammation: key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 118:2058-2073. [PMID: 34097013 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is among the most progressive diseases and a leading cause of morbidity. Despite several advances in cardiovascular therapies, pharmacological treatments are limited to relieve symptoms without curing cardiac injury. Multiple observations point to the involvement of immune cells as key drivers in the pathophysiology of heart failure. In particular, there is a growing recognition that heart failure is related to a prolonged and insufficiently repressed inflammatory response leading to molecular, cellular, and functional cardiac alterations. Over the last decades, non-coding RNAs are recognized as prominent mediators of the cardiac inflammation, affecting the function of several immune cells. In the current review, we explore the contribution of the diverse immune cells in the progression of heart failure, revealing mechanistic functions for non-coding RNAs in cardiac immune cells as a new and exciting field of investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marida Sansonetti
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Leon J De Windt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Science and Engineering; Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences; Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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45
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Erra Díaz F, Ochoa V, Merlotti A, Dantas E, Mazzitelli I, Gonzalez Polo V, Sabatté J, Amigorena S, Segura E, Geffner J. Extracellular Acidosis and mTOR Inhibition Drive the Differentiation of Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 31:107613. [PMID: 32375041 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.107613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During inflammation, recruited monocytes can differentiate either into macrophages or dendritic cells (DCs); however, little is known about the environmental factors that determine this cell fate decision. Low extracellular pH is a hallmark of a variety of inflammatory processes and solid tumors. Here, we report that low pH dramatically promotes the differentiation of monocytes into DCs (monocyte-derived DCs [mo-DCs]). This process is associated with a reduction in glucose consumption and lactate production, the upregulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain genes, and the inhibition of mTORC1 activity. Interestingly, we also find that both serum starvation and pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 markedly promote the differentiation of mo-DCs. Our study contributes to better understanding the mechanisms that govern the differentiation of monocytes into DCs and reveals the role of both extracellular pH and mTORC1 as master regulators of monocyte cell fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Erra Díaz
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria Ochoa
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ezequiel Dantas
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Mazzitelli
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Juan Sabatté
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Elodie Segura
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM, U932 Paris, France
| | - Jorge Geffner
- INBIRS, Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA)-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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46
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Li Y, Mateu E. Interaction of Type 1 Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus With In Vitro Derived Conventional Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:674185. [PMID: 34177915 PMCID: PMC8221110 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.674185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study delineates the interaction of a typical PRRSV1.1 isolate 3267 (moderate virulence) with in vitro derived pig conventional dendritic cells, cDC1, cDC2, and a CD14+ population (designated as CD14+ DCs). cDC1 and cDC2 were not susceptible to 3267 infection, but a fraction of CD14+ DCs were infected. After exposure to the virus, all three DC types remained immature as determined by no increase of maturation molecules (MHC-I, MHC-II, CD80/86, CCR7), no release of cytokines, no modification of antigen presentation abilities, and no alteration of endocytic/phagocytic capabilities. However, when infected MARC-145 cells were used as a source of viral antigens, cDC2 and CD14+ DCs showed a significant increase in the expression of maturation molecules and substantial release of cytokines, notably IL-12/IL-23p40 (by both DC types) and IL-10 (by CD14+ DCs). To address the impact of PRRSV1 3267 on TLR3- and TLR7-mediated activation, cDC1, cDC2, and CD14+ DCs were inoculated by the virus (live or UV-inactivated) for 6 h prior to or simultaneously with the addition of poly I:C (TLR3 ligand) or gardiquimod (TLR7 ligand; not used for cDC1). Compared with using TLR ligand alone, combination with the virus did not result in any alteration to the maturation markers on all DC types but changed the cytokine response to either TLR3 or TLR7 ligand. Pre-exposure of cDC2 or CD14+ DCs to the live virus resulted in an increased production of IFN-α upon poly I:C stimulation, while pre-exposure to UV-inactivated virus tended to enhance the release of IL-10 upon gardiquimod stimulation. Simultaneous addition of the live virus and the TLR ligand either had no effect (mainly in cDC2) or impaired most of the cytokine release after gardiquimod stimulation (in CD14+ DCs). When used as antigen presenting cells, cDC2 pre-inoculated by the live virus before addition of gardiquimod impaired the proliferation of CD4–CD8– T cells. In the case of CD14+ DCs, pre-exposure to the live virus or simultaneously added with TLR3 or TLR7 ligand largely decreased the proliferation of CD4–CD8+ and CD4–CD8+ T-cell subsets. For cDC1, no significant changes were observed in cytokine responses or T-cell proliferation after poly I:C stimulation. Of note, cDC1 had a short life during in vitro culturing, for which the results obtained might be biased. Overall, exposure to PRRSV1 did not induce maturation of cDC1, cDC2, or CD14+ DCs, but modified TLR3 and TLR7-associated responses (except for cDC1), which may affect the development of adaptive immunity during PRRSV1 infection. Moreover, the sensing of infected cells was different from that of the free virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Enric Mateu
- Departament de Sanitat i Anatomia Animals, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Bellaterra, Spain
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47
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Pinilla G, Kumar A, Floaters MK, Pardo CA, Rothstein J, Ilieva H. Increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines in C9ORF72 patients. Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener 2021; 22:517-527. [PMID: 33929933 DOI: 10.1080/21678421.2021.1912100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
C9ORF72 hexanucleotide expansion is the most common genetic cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)/fronto-temporal dementia (FTD) disease spectrum. Even though three major mechanisms of disease pathogenesis have been proposed, we lack detailed understanding of the factors that influence disease onset and progression. We sought to characterize cerebrospinal fluid and sera of C9ORF72 patients via a multiplex assay of 41 chemokines and cytokines in comparison to neurological controls and sporadic ALS patients. We found an increase in synthesis of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines in disease samples and particularly in C9ORF72 patients in comparison to controls. We provide evidence that a CSF pro-inflammatory signature is a feature of C9ORF72-mediated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Pinilla
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Icesi University, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Anupama Kumar
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary Kay Floaters
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carlos A Pardo
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey Rothstein
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hristelina Ilieva
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,ALS Weinberg Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA, and
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48
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Lim CX, Lee B, Geiger O, Passegger C, Beitzinger M, Romberger J, Stracke A, Högenauer C, Stift A, Stoiber H, Poidinger M, Zebisch A, Meister G, Williams A, Flavell RA, Henao-Mejia J, Strobl H. miR-181a Modulation of ERK-MAPK Signaling Sustains DC-SIGN Expression and Limits Activation of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Cell Rep 2021; 30:3793-3805.e5. [PMID: 32187550 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DC-SIGN+ monocyte-derived dendritic cells (mo-DCs) play important roles in bacterial infections and inflammatory diseases, but the factors regulating their differentiation and proinflammatory status remain poorly defined. Here, we identify a microRNA, miR-181a, and a molecular mechanism that simultaneously regulate the acquisition of DC-SIGN expression and the activation state of DC-SIGN+ mo-DCs. Specifically, we show that miR-181a promotes DC-SIGN expression during terminal mo-DC differentiation and limits its sensitivity and responsiveness to TLR triggering and CD40 ligation. Mechanistically, miR-181a sustains ERK-MAPK signaling in mo-DCs, thereby enabling the maintenance of high levels of DC-SIGN and a high activation threshold. Low miR-181a levels during mo-DC differentiation, induced by inflammatory signals, do not support the high phospho-ERK signal transduction required for DC-SIGNhi mo-DCs and lead to development of proinflammatory DC-SIGNlo/- mo-DCs. Collectively, our study demonstrates that high DC-SIGN expression levels and a high activation threshold in mo-DCs are linked and simultaneously maintained by miR-181a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarice X Lim
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; DK Inflammation & Immunity Program, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olivia Geiger
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Passegger
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Michaela Beitzinger
- Laboratory for RNA Biology, Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Johann Romberger
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anika Stracke
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Högenauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anton Stift
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heribert Stoiber
- Division of Virology, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Poidinger
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A(∗)STAR), Biopolis, 138648 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Armin Zebisch
- Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Otto Loewi Research Center for Vascular Biology, Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Pharmacology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gunter Meister
- Laboratory for RNA Biology, Biochemistry Center Regensburg (BZR), University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Adam Williams
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Richard A Flavell
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jorge Henao-Mejia
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Herbert Strobl
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Immunology and Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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49
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Heine A, Juranek S, Brossart P. Clinical and immunological effects of mRNA vaccines in malignant diseases. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:52. [PMID: 33722265 PMCID: PMC7957288 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01339-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro-transcribed messenger RNA-based therapeutics represent a relatively novel and highly efficient class of drugs. Several recently published studies emphasize the potential efficacy of mRNA vaccines in treating different types of malignant and infectious diseases where conventional vaccine strategies and platforms fail to elicit protective immune responses. mRNA vaccines have lately raised high interest as potent vaccines against SARS-CoV2. Direct application of mRNA or its electroporation into dendritic cells was shown to induce polyclonal CD4+ and CD8+ mediated antigen-specific T cell responses as well as the production of protective antibodies with the ability to eliminate transformed or infected cells. More importantly, the vaccine composition may include two or more mRNAs coding for different proteins or long peptides. This enables the induction of polyclonal immune responses against a broad variety of epitopes within the encoded antigens that are presented on various MHC complexes, thus avoiding the restriction to a certain HLA molecule or possible immune escape due to antigen-loss. The development and design of mRNA therapies was recently boosted by several critical innovations including the development of technologies for the production and delivery of high quality and stable mRNA. Several technical obstacles such as stability, delivery and immunogenicity were addressed in the past and gradually solved in the recent years.This review will summarize the most recent technological developments and application of mRNA vaccines in clinical trials and discusses the results, challenges and future directions with a special focus on the induced innate and adaptive immune responses.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Neoplasm/genetics
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Cancer Vaccines/genetics
- Cancer Vaccines/immunology
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Humans
- Immunity
- Immunotherapy
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism
- Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/pathology
- Neoplasms/etiology
- Neoplasms/pathology
- Neoplasms/therapy
- RNA Stability
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Synthetic/genetics
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Annkristin Heine
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immune-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Juranek
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immune-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Brossart
- Medical Clinic III for Oncology, Hematology, Immune-Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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50
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Glomerular Macrophages in Human Auto- and Allo-Immune Nephritis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030603. [PMID: 33803230 PMCID: PMC7998925 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are involved in tissue homeostasis. They participate in inflammatory episodes and are involved in tissue repair. Macrophages are characterized by a phenotypic heterogeneity and a profound cell plasticity. In the kidney, and more particularly within glomeruli, macrophages are thought to play a maintenance role that is potentially critical for preserving a normal glomerular structure. Literature on the glomerular macrophage role in human crescentic glomerulonephritis and renal transplantation rejection with glomerulitis, is sparse. Evidence from preclinical models indicates that macrophages profoundly modulate disease progression, both in terms of number-where depletion has resulted in a reduced glomerular lesion-and sub-phenotype-M1 being more profoundly detrimental than M2. This evidence is corroborated by better outcomes in patients with a lower number of glomerular macrophages. However, due to the very limited biopsy sample size, the type and role of macrophage subpopulations involved in human proliferative lesions is more difficult to precisely define and synthesize. Therefore, specific biomarkers of macrophage activation may enhance our ability to assess their role, potentially enabling improved monitoring of drug activity and ultimately allowing the development of novel therapeutic strategies to target these elusive cellular players.
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