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Zhang W, Hou Y, Yin S, Miao Q, Lee K, Zhou X, Wang Y. Advanced gene nanocarriers/scaffolds in nonviral-mediated delivery system for tissue regeneration and repair. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:376. [PMID: 38926780 PMCID: PMC11200991 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02580-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue regeneration technology has been rapidly developed and widely applied in tissue engineering and repair. Compared with traditional approaches like surgical treatment, the rising gene therapy is able to have a durable effect on tissue regeneration, such as impaired bone regeneration, articular cartilage repair and cancer-resected tissue repair. Gene therapy can also facilitate the production of in situ therapeutic factors, thus minimizing the diffusion or loss of gene complexes and enabling spatiotemporally controlled release of gene products for tissue regeneration. Among different gene delivery vectors and supportive gene-activated matrices, advanced gene/drug nanocarriers attract exceptional attraction due to their tunable physiochemical properties, as well as excellent adaptive performance in gene therapy for tissue regeneration, such as bone, cartilage, blood vessel, nerve and cancer-resected tissue repair. This paper reviews the recent advances on nonviral-mediated gene delivery systems with an emphasis on the important role of advanced nanocarriers in gene therapy and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanheng Zhang
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yan Hou
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Shiyi Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Kyubae Lee
- Department of Biomedical Materials, Konyang University, Daejeon, 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaojian Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, School of Medicine, Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Biomaterials and Biotechnology in Organ Repair (Ministry of Education), Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Ouyang M, Zhang Q, Zhu Y, Luo M, Bu B, Deng L. α-Catenin and Piezo1 Mediate Cell Mechanical Communication via Cell Adhesions. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:357. [PMID: 38785839 PMCID: PMC11118126 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell distant mechanical communication has been demonstrated using in vitro and in vivo models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying long-range cell mechanoresponsive interactions remain to be fully elucidated. This study further examined the roles of α-Catenin and Piezo1 in traction force-induced rapid branch assembly of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells on a Matrigel hydrogel containing type I collagen. Our findings demonstrated that siRNA-mediated downregulation of α-Catenin or Piezo1 expression or chemical inhibition of Piezo1 activity significantly reduced both directional cell movement and branch assembly. Regarding the role of N-cadherin in regulating branch assembly but not directional migration, our results further confirmed that siRNA-mediated downregulation of α-Catenin expression caused a marked reduction in focal adhesion formation, as assessed by focal Paxillin and Integrin α5 localization. These observations imply that mechanosensitive α-Catenin is involved in both cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions. Additionally, Piezo1 partially localized in focal adhesions, which was inhibited by siRNA-mediated downregulation of α-Catenin expression. This result provides insights into the Piezo1-mediated mechanosensing of traction force on a hydrogel. Collectively, our findings highlight the significance of α-Catenin in the regulation of cell-matrix interactions and provide a possible interpretation of Piezo1-mediated mechanosensing activity at focal adhesions during cell-cell mechanical communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Ouyang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Yiming Zhu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
- School of Pharmacy, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Mingzhi Luo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
| | - Bing Bu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
| | - Linhong Deng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Health Sciences, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China (M.L.); (B.B.)
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Beaulac HJ, Munnamalai V. Localization of cadherins in the postnatal cochlear epithelium and their relation to space formation. Dev Dyn 2024. [PMID: 38264972 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The sensory epithelium of the cochlea, the organ of Corti, has complex cytoarchitecture consisting of mechanosensory hair cells intercalated by epithelial support cells. The support cells provide important trophic and structural support to the hair cells. Thus, the support cells must be stiff yet compliant enough to withstand and modulate vibrations to the hair cells. Once the sensory cells are properly patterned, the support cells undergo significant remodeling from a simple epithelium into a structurally rigid epithelium with fluid-filled spaces in the murine cochlea. Cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins are necessary for sorting and connecting cells in an intact epithelium. To create the fluid-filled spaces, cell adhesion properties of adjoining cell membranes between cells must change to allow the formation of spaces within an epithelium. However, the dynamic localization of cadherins has not been properly analyzed as these spaces are formed. There are three cadherins that are reported to be expressed during the first postnatal week of development when the tunnel of Corti forms in the cochlea. In this study, we characterize the dynamic localization of cadherins that are associated with cytoskeletal remodeling at the contacting membranes of the inner and outer pillar cells flanking the tunnel of Corti.
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Park A, Choi S, Do J, Kim Y, Kim KS, Koh E, Park KS. ZO-1 regulates the migration of mesenchymal stem cells in cooperation with α-catenin in response to breast tumor cells. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:19. [PMID: 38212369 PMCID: PMC10784548 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells are recruited from the bone marrow into breast tumors, contributing to the creation of a tumor microenvironment that fosters tropism for breast tumors. However, the intrinsic mechanisms underlying the recruitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the breast tumor microenvironment are still under investigation. Our discoveries identified zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) as a specific intrinsic molecule that plays a vital role in mediating the collective migration of MSCs towards breast tumor cells and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which is a crucial factor secreted by breast tumor cells. Upon migration in response to MDA-MB-231 cells and TGF-β, MSCs showed increased formation of adherens junction-like structures (AJs) expressing N-cadherin and α-catenin at their cell-cell contacts. ZO-1 was found to be recruited into the AJs at the cell-cell contacts between MSCs. Additionally, ZO-1 collaborated with α-catenin to regulate AJ formation, dependently on the SH3 and GUK domains of the ZO-1 protein. ZO-1 knockdown led to the impaired migration of MSCs in response to the stimuli and subsequent downregulation of AJs formation at the cell-cell contacts during MSCs migration. Overall, our study highlights the novel role of ZO-1 in guiding MSC migration towards breast tumor cells, suggesting its potential as a new strategy for controlling and re-engineering the breast tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aran Park
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Choi
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Jungbeom Do
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Youngjae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea
| | - Kyung-Sup Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Eunjin Koh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Ki-Sook Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
- East-West Medical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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Kanber M, Umerah O, Brindley S, Zhang X, Brown JM, Reynolds L, Beltran-Huarac J. Magneto-Mechanical Actuation Induces Endothelial Permeability. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6902-6914. [PMID: 38014849 PMCID: PMC10716818 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cancer treatment is one of the major health problems that burden our society. According to the American Cancer Society, over 1.9 million new cancer cases and ∼0.6 million deaths from cancer are expected in the US in 2023. Therapeutic targeting is considered to be the gold standard in cancer treatment. However, when a tumor grows beyond a critical size, its vascular system differentiates abnormally and erratically, creating a heterogeneous endothelial barrier that further restricts drug delivery into tumors. While several methods exist, these prompt tumor migration and the appearance of new metastatic sites. Herein, we propose an innovative method based on magneto-mechanical actuation (MMA) to induce endothelial permeability. This method employs FDA-approved PEGylated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (PEG-SPIONs) and alternating nonheating magnetic fields. MMA lies in the translation of magnetic forces into mechanical agitation. As a proof of concept, we developed a 2D cell culture model based on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which were incubated with PEG-SPIONs and then exposed to different magnetic doses. After adjusting the particle concentration, incubation times, and parameters (amplitude, frequency, and exposure time) of the magnetic field generator, we induced actin filament remodeling and subsequent vascular endothelial-cadherin junction disruption. This led to transient gaps in cell monolayers, through which fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran was translocated. We observed no cell viability reduction for 3 h of particle incubation up to a concentration of 100 μg/mL in the presence and absence of magnetic fields. For optimal permeability studies, the magnetic field parameters were adjusted to 100 mT, 65 Hz, and 30 min in a pulse mode with 5 min OFF intervals. We found that the endothelial permeability reached the highest value (33%) when 2 h postmagnetic field treatment was used. To explain these findings, a magneto-mechanical transduced stress mechanism mediated by intracellular forces was proposed. This method can open new avenues for targeted drug delivery into anatomic regions within the body for a broad range of disease interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kanber
- Department
of Physics, Howell Science Complex, East
Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Obum Umerah
- Brody
School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Stephen Brindley
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Xuanyi Zhang
- Department
of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Jared M. Brown
- Skaggs
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Lew Reynolds
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Juan Beltran-Huarac
- Department
of Physics, Howell Science Complex, East
Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
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Mezher M, Dumbali S, Fenn I, Lamb C, Miller C, Sharmin S, Cabe JI, Bejar-Padilla V, Conway D, Maruthamuthu V. Vinculin is essential for sustaining normal levels of endogenous forces at cell-cell contacts. Biophys J 2023; 122:4518-4527. [PMID: 38350000 PMCID: PMC10719050 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Transmission of cell-generated (i.e., endogenous) tension at cell-cell contacts is crucial for tissue shape changes during morphogenesis and adult tissue repair in tissues such as epithelia. E-cadherin-based adhesions at cell-cell contacts are the primary means by which endogenous tension is transmitted between cells. The E-cadherin-β-catenin-α-catenin complex mechanically couples to the actin cytoskeleton (and thereby the cell's contractile machinery) both directly and indirectly. However, the key adhesion constituents required for substantial endogenous force transmission at these adhesions in cell-cell contacts are unclear. Due to the role of α-catenin as a mechanotransducer that recruits vinculin at cell-cell contacts, we expected α-catenin to be essential for sustaining normal levels of force transmission. Instead, using the traction force imbalance method to determine the inter-cellular force at a single cell-cell contact between cell pairs, we found that it is vinculin that is essential for sustaining normal levels of endogenous force transmission, with absence of vinculin decreasing the inter-cellular tension by over 50%. Our results constrain the potential mechanical pathways of force transmission at cell-cell contacts and suggest that vinculin can transmit forces at E-cadherin adhesions independent of α-catenin, possibly through β-catenin. Furthermore, we tested the ability of lateral cell-cell contacts to withstand external stretch and found that both vinculin and α-catenin are essential to maintain cell-cell contact stability under external forces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazen Mezher
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Sandeep Dumbali
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Ian Fenn
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Carter Lamb
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Conrad Miller
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Saika Sharmin
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia
| | - Jolene I Cabe
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Vidal Bejar-Padilla
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Daniel Conway
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.
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7
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Daboussi L, Costaguta G, Gullo M, Jasinski N, Pessino V, O'Leary B, Lettieri K, Driscoll S, Pfaff SL. Mitf is a Schwann cell sensor of axonal integrity that drives nerve repair. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113282. [PMID: 38007688 PMCID: PMC11034927 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Schwann cells respond to acute axon damage by transiently transdifferentiating into specialized repair cells that restore sensorimotor function. However, the molecular systems controlling repair cell formation and function are not well defined, and consequently, it is unclear whether this form of cellular plasticity has a role in peripheral neuropathies. Here, we identify Mitf as a transcriptional sensor of axon damage under the control of Nrg-ErbB-PI3K-PI5K-mTorc2 signaling. Mitf regulates a core transcriptional program for generating functional repair Schwann cells following injury and during peripheral neuropathies caused by CMT4J and CMT4D. In the absence of Mitf, core genes for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, metabolism, and dedifferentiation are misexpressed, and nerve repair is disrupted. Our findings demonstrate that Schwann cells monitor axonal health using a phosphoinositide signaling system that controls Mitf nuclear localization, which is critical for activating cellular plasticity and counteracting neural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Daboussi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Giancarlo Costaguta
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Miriam Gullo
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nicole Jasinski
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Veronica Pessino
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Brendan O'Leary
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Karen Lettieri
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Shawn Driscoll
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Samuel L Pfaff
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Bush J, Cabe JI, Conway D, Maruthamuthu V. E-cadherin adhesion dynamics as revealed by an accelerated force ramp are dependent upon the presence of α-catenin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 682:308-315. [PMID: 37837751 PMCID: PMC10615569 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Tissue remodeling and shape changes often rely on force-induced cell rearrangements occurring via cell-cell contact dynamics. Epithelial cell-cell contact shape changes are particularly dependent upon E-cadherin adhesion dynamics which are directly influenced by cell-generated and external forces. While both the mobility of E-cadherin adhesions and their adhesion strength have been reported before, it is not clear how these two aspects of E-cadherin adhesion dynamics are related. Here, using magnetic pulling cytometry, we applied an accelerated force ramp on the E-cadherin adhesion between an E-cadherin-coated magnetic microbead and an epithelial cell to ascertain this relationship. Our approach enables the determination of the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of individual adhesions, which revealed a direct correlation between these key characteristics. Since α-catenin has previously been reported to play a role in both E-cadherin mobility and adhesion strength when studied independently, we also probed epithelial cells in which α-catenin has been knocked out. We found that, in the absence of α-catenin, E-cadherin adhesions not only had lower adhesion strength, as expected, but were also more mobile. We observed that α-catenin was required for the recovery of strained cell-cell contacts and propose that the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of E-cadherin adhesions act in tandem to regulate cell-cell contact homeostasis. Our approach introduces a method which relates the force-dependent adhesion mobility to adhesion strength and highlights the morphological role played by α-catenin in E-cadherin adhesion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bush
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA; Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Jolene I Cabe
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Daniel Conway
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, 23529, USA.
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9
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Zhang N, Häring M, Wolf F, Großhans J, Kong D. Dynamics and functions of E-cadherin complexes in epithelial cell and tissue morphogenesis. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 5:585-601. [PMID: 38045551 PMCID: PMC10689684 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-023-00206-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Cell-cell adhesion is at the center of structure and dynamics of epithelial tissue. E-cadherin-catenin complexes mediate Ca2+-dependent trans-homodimerization and constitute the kernel of adherens junctions. Beyond the basic function of cell-cell adhesion, recent progress sheds light the dynamics and interwind interactions of individual E-cadherin-catenin complex with E-cadherin superclusters, contractile actomyosin and mechanics of the cortex and adhesion. The nanoscale architecture of E-cadherin complexes together with cis-interactions and interactions with cortical actomyosin adjust to junctional tension and mechano-transduction by reinforcement or weakening of specific features of the interactions. Although post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and glycosylation have been implicated, their role for specific aspects of in E-cadherin function has remained unclear. Here, we provide an overview of the E-cadherin complex in epithelial cell and tissue morphogenesis focusing on nanoscale architectures by super-resolution approaches and post-translational modifications from recent, in particular in vivo, studies. Furthermore, we review the computational modelling in E-cadherin complexes and highlight how computational modelling has contributed to a deeper understanding of the E-cadherin complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Häring
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Fred Wolf
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Großhans
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Deqing Kong
- Department of Biology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany
- Göttingen Campus Institute for Dynamics of Biological Networks (CIDBN), Georg August University Göttingen, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
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10
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Guerra J, Pinto C, Pinto P, Pinheiro M, Santos C, Peixoto A, Escudeiro C, Barbosa A, Porto M, Francisco I, Lopes P, Isidoro AR, Cunha AL, Albuquerque C, Claro I, Oliveira C, Silva J, Teixeira MR. Frequency of CDH1, CTNNA1 and CTNND1 Germline Variants in Families with Diffuse and Mixed Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4313. [PMID: 37686589 PMCID: PMC10486404 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The most well-characterized hereditary form of gastric cancer is hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by an increased risk of diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer. HDGC is predominantly caused by germline pathogenic variants in the CDH1 gene, and more rarely in the CTNNA1 gene. Furthermore, the International Gastric Cancer Linkage Consortium (IGCLC) guidelines do not clarify whether or not mixed gastric cancer (with a diffuse component) should be considered in the HDGC genetic testing criteria. We aimed to evaluate the contribution of CTNNA1 and CTNND1 germline variants to HDGC. Additionally, we also intended to compare the frequencies of CDH1 and CTNNA1 (and eventually CTNND1) germline variants between patients with diffuse and mixed gastric carcinomas to evaluate if genetic testing for these genes should or should not be considered in patients with the latter. We analyzed the CDH1 gene in 67 cases affected with early-onset/familial mixed gastric carcinomas and the CTNNA1 and CTNND1 genes in 208 cases with diffuse or mixed gastric cancer who had tested negative for CDH1 pathogenic germline variants. A deleterious CTNNA1 germline variant was found in 0.7% (1/141) of diffuse gastric cancer patients meeting the 2020 IGCLC criteria, as compared to the rate of 2.8% of CDH1 deleterious variants found by us in this setting. No deleterious variants were found in CTNND1, but six variants of uncertain significance were identified in this gene. We did not find any pathogenic CDH1, CTNNA1 or CTNND1 variant in index patients with early-onset/familial mixed gastric cancer, so there is no evidence that supports including this tumor type in the testing criteria for germline variants in these genes. The role of the CTNND1 gene in inherited gastric cancer predisposition is still unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Guerra
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Doctoral Programme in Biomedical Sciences, School Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pinto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathological, Cytological and Thanatological Anatomy, School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pinto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Manuela Pinheiro
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Catarina Santos
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Peixoto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Escudeiro
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Barbosa
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Porto
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Inês Francisco
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Lisbon, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Paula Lopes
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (P.L.); (A.R.I.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Ana Raquel Isidoro
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (P.L.); (A.R.I.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Ana Luísa Cunha
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (P.L.); (A.R.I.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Cristina Albuquerque
- Molecular Pathobiology Research Unit, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Lisbon, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.F.); (C.A.)
| | - Isabel Claro
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Lisbon, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Familiar Cancer Risk Clinic, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Lisbon, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal;
- IPATIMUP-Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- FMUP-Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4100-179 Porto, Portugal
| | - João Silva
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Medical Genetics Department, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel R. Teixeira
- Cancer Genetics Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; (J.G.); (C.P.); (P.P.); (M.P.); (C.S.); (A.P.); (C.E.); (A.B.); (M.P.); (J.S.)
- Department of Laboratory Genetics, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO-Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (ICBAS), University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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11
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Bush J, Cabe JI, Conway D, Maruthamuthu V. α-Catenin Dependent E-cadherin Adhesion Dynamics as Revealed by an Accelerated Force Ramp. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.28.550975. [PMID: 37645773 PMCID: PMC10461907 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.550975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Tissue remodeling and shape changes often rely on force-induced cell rearrangements occurring via cell-cell contact dynamics. Epithelial cell-cell contact shape changes are particularly dependent upon E-cadherin adhesion dynamics which are directly influenced by cell-generated and external forces. While both the mobility of E-cadherin adhesions and their adhesion strength have been reported before, it is not clear how these two aspects of E-cadherin adhesion dynamics are related. Here, using magnetic pulling cytometry, we applied an accelerated force ramp on the E-cadherin adhesion between an E-cadherin-coated magnetic microbead and an epithelial cell to ascertain this relationship. Our approach enables the determination of the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of individual adhesions, which revealed a direct correlation between these key characteristics. Since α-catenin has previously been reported to play a role in both E-cadherin mobility and adhesion strength when studied independently, we also probed epithelial cells in which α-catenin has been knocked out. We found that, in the absence of α-catenin, E-cadherin adhesions not only had lower adhesion strength, as expected, but were also more mobile. We observed that α-catenin was required for the recovery of strained cell-cell contacts and propose that the adhesion strength and force-dependent mobility of E-cadherin adhesions act in tandem to regulate cell-cell contact homeostasis. Our approach introduces a method which relates the force-dependent adhesion mobility to adhesion strength and highlights the morphological role played by α-catenin in E-cadherin adhesion dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Bush
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
- Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030
| | - Jolene I. Cabe
- Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298 USA
| | - Daniel Conway
- Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Venkat Maruthamuthu
- Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA
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12
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Levin JT, Pan A, Barrett MT, Alushin GM. A platform for dissecting force sensitivity and multivalency in actin networks. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.15.553463. [PMID: 37645911 PMCID: PMC10462062 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The physical structure and dynamics of cells are supported by micron-scale actin networks with diverse geometries, protein compositions, and mechanical properties. These networks are composed of actin filaments and numerous actin binding proteins (ABPs), many of which engage multiple filaments simultaneously to crosslink them into specific functional architectures. Mechanical force has been shown to modulate the interactions between several ABPs and individual actin filaments, but it is unclear how this phenomenon contributes to the emergent force-responsive functional dynamics of actin networks. Here, we engineer filament linker complexes and combine them with photo-micropatterning of myosin motor proteins to produce an in vitro reconstitution platform for examining how force impacts the behavior of ABPs within multi-filament assemblies. Our system enables the monitoring of dozens of actin networks with varying architectures simultaneously using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy, facilitating detailed dissection of the interplay between force-modulated ABP binding and network geometry. We apply our system to study a dimeric form of the critical cell-cell adhesion protein α-catenin, a model force-sensitive ABP. We find that myosin forces increase α-catenin's engagement of small filament bundles embedded within networks. This activity is absent in a force-sensing deficient mutant, whose binding scales linearly with bundle size in both the presence and absence of force. These data are consistent with filaments in smaller bundles bearing greater per-filament loads that enhance α-catenin binding, a mechanism that could equalize α-catenin's distribution across actin-myosin networks of varying sizes in cells to regularize their stability and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T. Levin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ariel Pan
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael T. Barrett
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gregory M. Alushin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Martin-Giacalone BA, Richard MA, Scheurer ME, Khan J, Sok P, Shetty PB, Chanock SJ, Li SA, Yeager M, Marquez-Do DA, Barkauskas DA, Hall D, McEvoy MT, Brown AL, Sabo A, Scheet P, Huff CD, Skapek SX, Hawkins DS, Venkatramani R, Mirabello L, Lupo PJ. Germline genetic variants and pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma outcomes: a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Natl Cancer Inst 2023; 115:733-741. [PMID: 36951526 PMCID: PMC10248851 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relative to other pediatric cancers, survival for rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) has not improved in recent decades, suggesting the need to enhance risk stratification. Therefore, we conducted a genome-wide association study for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) to identify genetic variants associated with outcomes in individuals with RMS. METHODS The study included 920 individuals with newly diagnosed RMS who were enrolled in Children's Oncology Group protocols. To assess the association of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with EFS and OS, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, adjusted for clinical covariates. All statistical tests were two sided. We also performed stratified analyses by histological subtype (alveolar and embryonal RMS) and carried out sensitivity analyses of statistically significant SNPs by PAX3/7-FOXO1 fusion status and genetic ancestry group. RESULTS We identified that rs17321084 was associated with worse EFS (HR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.59 to 2.53, P = 5.39 × 10-9) and rs10094840 was associated with worse OS (HR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.48 to 2.27, P = 2.13 × 10-8). Using publicly available data, we found that rs17321084 lies in a binding region for transcription factors GATA2 and GATA3, and rs10094840 is associated with SPAG1 and RNF19A expression. We also identified that CTNNA3 rs2135732 (HR = 3.75, 95% CI = 2.34 to 5.99, P = 3.54 × 10-8) and MED31 rs74504320 (HR = 3.21, 95% CI = 2.12 to 4.86, P = 3.60 × 10-8) were associated with worse OS among individuals with alveolar RMS. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that common germline variants are associated with EFS and OS among individuals with RMS. Additional replication and investigation of these SNP effects may further support their consideration in risk stratification protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey A Martin-Giacalone
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Melissa A Richard
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael E Scheurer
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Javed Khan
- Genetics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pagna Sok
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Priya B Shetty
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen J Chanock
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Meredith Yeager
- Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Deborah A Marquez-Do
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Donald A Barkauskas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- QuadW Childhood Sarcoma Biostatistics and Annotation Office, Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - David Hall
- QuadW Childhood Sarcoma Biostatistics and Annotation Office, Children’s Oncology Group, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T McEvoy
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Austin L Brown
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Aniko Sabo
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Scheet
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chad D Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephen X Skapek
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Douglas S Hawkins
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lisa Mirabello
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MA, USA
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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14
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Kahm YJ, Jung U, Kim RK. Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition by CTNNAL1 in Lung Cancer and Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11051462. [PMID: 37239133 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CTNNAL1 is a protein known to be involved in cell-cell adhesion and cell adhesion. Alterations in the expression or function of CTNNAL1 have been reported to contribute to the development and progression of various types of cancer. In breast cancer, CTNNAL1 has been reported as a cancer suppressor gene, and in melanoma and lung cancer, it has been reported as a cancer driver gene. However, due to a lack of research, its function remains unclear. In this study, it is shown that CTNNAL1 regulates cancer stem cells (CSCs) in lung cancer and glioblastoma and modulates their migration and invasion abilities. CSCs are known to play an important role in the malignant transformation of cancer. They have the ability to resist chemotherapeutic drugs and irradiation, which is a known obstacle to cancer treatment. We found that CTNNAL1 regulates the ability to resist irradiation. In addition, we observed that CTNNAL1 regulates the ability of cells to migrate and invade, a key feature of the epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenomenon associated with cancer metastasis. CTNNAL1 was also involved in the secretion of C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), one of the chemokines. CCL2 plays a role in the recruitment of immune cells to the tumor microenvironment, but in cancer, it is known to influence malignancy and metastasis. CTNNAL1 may be a novel target for treating lung CSCs and glioma stem cells and may be used as a marker of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jee Kahm
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Safety Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiation Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Uhee Jung
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Safety Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
| | - Rae-Kwon Kim
- Department of Radiation Biology, Environmental Safety Technology Research Division, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiation Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34057, Republic of Korea
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15
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Lai F, Wang H, Zhao X, Yang K, Cai L, Hu M, Lin L, Xia X, Li W, Cheng H, Zhou R. RNF20 is required for male fertility through regulation of H2B ubiquitination in the Sertoli cells. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:71. [PMID: 37024990 PMCID: PMC10080854 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01018-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis depends on the supporting of the Sertoli cells and their communications with germ cells. However, the regulation of crosstalk between the Sertoli cells and germ cells remains unclear. RESULTS In this report, we used conditional knockout technology to generate the Sertoli cells-specific knockout of Rnf20 in mice. The Amh-Rnf20-/- male mice were infertile owing to spermatogenic failure that mimic the Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) in humans. Knockout of Rnf20 resulted in the H2BK120ub loss in the Sertoli cells and impaired the transcription elongation of the Cldn11, a gene encoding a component of tight junction. Notably, RNF20 deficiency disrupted the cell adhesion, caused disorganization of the seminiferous tubules, and led to the apoptotic cell death of both spermatogonia and spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubules. CONCLUSIONS This study describes a Rnf20 knockout mouse model that recapitulates the Sertoli cell-only syndrome in humans and demonstrates that RNF20 is required for male fertility through regulation of H2B ubiquitination in the Sertoli cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengling Lai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kangning Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Le Cai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Mengxin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lan Lin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xizhong Xia
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei Li
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Hanhua Cheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Rongjia Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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16
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Wang Z, Xie W, Guan H. Diverse Functions of MiR-425 in Human Cancer. DNA Cell Biol 2023; 42:113-129. [PMID: 36796000 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2022.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
miRNAs are a type of small endogenous noncoding RNA composed of 20-22 nucleotides that can regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region of mRNA. Many investigations have discovered that miRNAs have a role in the development and progression of human cancer. Several aspects of tumor development are affected by miR-425, including growth, apoptosis, invasion, migration, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and drug resistance. In this article, we discuss the properties and research development of miR-425, focusing on the regulation and function of miR-425 in various cancers. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical implications of miR-425. This review may broaden our horizon for better understanding the role of miR-425 as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenjie Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongzai Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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17
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Huang J, Wang H, Xu Y, Li C, Lv X, Han X, Chen X, Chen Y, Yu Z. The Role of CTNNA1 in Malignancies: An Updated Review. J Cancer 2023; 14:219-230. [PMID: 36741258 PMCID: PMC9891874 DOI: 10.7150/jca.79236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Catenin alpha 1 (CTNNA1), encoding α-catenin, is involved in several physiological activities, such as adherens junction synthesis and signal transduction. Recent studies have suggested additional functions for CTNNA1 malignancies. This review systematically summarizes the varying functions of CTNNA1 in different tumors and briefly describes the diverse pathways and mechanisms involved in different types of tumors. CTNNA1 is abnormally expressed in leukemia and solid tumor such as cancers of digestive system, genitourinary system and breast, and it's related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of tumors. In addition, the possible physiological processes involving CTNNA1, such as methylation, miRNA interference, or regulatory axes, similar to those of CDH1, SETD2, and hsa-miR-30d-5p/GJA1 are also summarized here. The precise mechanism of CTNNA1 in most cancers remains uncertain; hence, additional pre-clinical studies of CTNNA1 are warranted for potential early tumor diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, 230023, China
| | - Yuting Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,College of Medicine, Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunhua Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinyue Lv
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xintong Han
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaochun Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiying Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.,✉ Corresponding author: Zhiying Yu, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, 3002 Sungang West Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518035. Tel: 0755-83366388; Fax: +86 83366388-3048; E-mail:
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18
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Coudert M, Drouet Y, Delhomelle H, Svrcek M, Benusiglio PR, Coulet F, Clark DF, Katona BW, van Hest LP, van der Kolk LE, Cats A, van Dieren JM, Nehoray B, Slavin T, Spier I, Hüneburg R, Lobo S, Oliveira C, Boussemart L, Masson L, Chiesa J, Schwartz M, Buecher B, Golmard L, Bouvier AM, Bonadona V, Stoppa-Lyonnet D, Lasset C, Colas C. First estimates of diffuse gastric cancer risks for carriers of CTNNA1 germline pathogenic variants. J Med Genet 2022; 59:1189-1195. [PMID: 36038258 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2022-108740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenic variants (PV) of CTNNA1 are found in families fulfilling criteria for hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) but no risk estimates were available until now. The aim of this study is to evaluate diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) risks for carriers of germline CTNNA1 PV. METHODS Data from published CTNNA1 families were updated and new families were identified through international collaborations. The cumulative risk of DGC by age for PV carriers was estimated with the genotype restricted likelihood (GRL) method, taking into account non-genotyped individuals and conditioning on all observed phenotypes and genotypes of the index case to obtain unbiased estimates. A non-parametric (NP) and the Weibull functions were used to model the shape of penetrance function with the GRL. Kaplan-Meier incidence curve and standardised incidence ratios were also computed. A 'leave-one-out' strategy was used to evaluate estimate uncertainty. RESULTS Thirteen families with 46 carriers of PV were included. The cumulative risks of DGC at 80 years for carriers of CTNNA1 PV are 49% and 57%, respectively with the Weibull GRL and NP GRL methods. Risk ratios to population incidence reach particularly high values at early ages and decrease with age. At 40 years, they are equal to 65 and 833, respectively with the Weibull GRL and NP GRL. CONCLUSION This is the largest series of CTNNA1 families that provides the first risk estimates of GC. These data will help to improve management and surveillance for these patients and support inclusion of CTNNA1 in germline testing panels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Coudert
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Youenn Drouet
- CNRS UMR 5558 LBBE, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Département Prévention et Santé Publique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | | | - Magali Svrcek
- AP-HP, Saint-Antoine Hospital, Department of Pathology, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Patrick R Benusiglio
- Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Florence Coulet
- Département de Génétique Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Dana Farengo Clark
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bryson W Katona
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Liselotte P van Hest
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Annemieke Cats
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolanda M van Dieren
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bita Nehoray
- Division of Clinical Cancer Genomics, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Thomas Slavin
- Departments of Medical Oncology and Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Isabel Spier
- Institute of Human Genetics/National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Robert Hüneburg
- Department of Internal Medicine/National Center for Hereditary Tumor Syndromes, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvana Lobo
- IPATIMUP-Institut of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,i3s, Universidade do Porto Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde & Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | - Jean Chiesa
- Génétique, Hopital Universitaire Caremeau, Nimes, France
| | | | - Bruno Buecher
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Lisa Golmard
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Marie Bouvier
- Digestive Cancer Registry of Burgundy, UMR 1231, Réseau FRANCIM (réseau Français des registres du cancer), Burgundy Franche-Comté University, Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Bonadona
- CNRS UMR 5558 LBBE, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Unité Clinique d'Oncologie génétique, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Dominique Stoppa-Lyonnet
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France.,INSERM U830, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Christine Lasset
- CNRS UMR 5558 LBBE, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France.,Département Prévention et Santé Publique, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Chrystelle Colas
- Département de Génétique, Institut Curie, Paris, France .,INSERM U830, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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19
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Sung HJ, Jeong SH, Kang JY, Kim C, Nam YJ, Kim JY, Choi JY, Lee HJ, Lee YS, Kim EY, Baek YW, Lee H, Lee JH. Hematotoxic Effect of Respiratory Exposure to PHMG-p and Its Integrated Genetic Analysis. TOXICS 2022; 10:694. [PMID: 36422902 PMCID: PMC9693004 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), the main ingredient of humidifier disinfectants, circulates systemically through the lungs; however, its toxicological assessment has been primarily limited to pulmonary disease. Herein, we investigated the possible abnormalities in hematopoietic function 20 weeks after intratracheal instillation of PHMG-p in a rat model. Notable abnormalities were found out in the peripheral blood cell count and bone marrow (BM) biopsy, while RNA sequencing of BM tissue revealed markedly altered gene expression. Furthermore, signaling involved in hematopoietic dysfunction was predicted by analyzing candidate genes through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) program. Respiratory PHMG-p exposure significantly decreased monocyte and platelet (PLT) counts and total protein, while significantly increasing hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in peripheral blood. Histopathological analysis of the BM revealed a reduced number of megakaryocytes, with no significant differences in spleen and liver weight to body weight. Moreover, PHMG-p exposure significantly activated estrogen receptor signaling and RHOA signaling, and inhibited RHOGDI signaling. In IPA analysis, candidate genes were found to be strongly related to 'hematological system development and function' and 'hematological disease.' Accordingly, our results suggest that PHMG-p could affect hematopoiesis, which participates in monocyte differentiation and PLT production, and may induce hematologic diseases via the respiratory tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwa Jung Sung
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hoon Jeong
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Young Kang
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Cherry Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Jeong Nam
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Choi
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jin Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Seon Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeob Kim
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Wook Baek
- Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Lee
- Medical Science Research Center, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Han Lee
- Department of Pathology, Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan-si 15355, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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20
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Catulin reporter marks a heterogeneous population of invasive breast cancer cells with some demonstrating plasticity and participating in vascular mimicry. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12673. [PMID: 35879327 PMCID: PMC9314412 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16802-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. The activation of partial or more complete epithelial–mesenchymal transition in cancer cells enhances acquisition of invasive behaviors and expands their generation of cancer stem cells. Increased by EMT plasticity of tumor cells could promote vascular mimicry, a newly defined pattern of tumor microvascularization by which aggressive tumor cells can form vessel-like structures themselves. VM is strongly associated with a poor prognosis, but biological features of tumor cells that form VM remains unknown. Here we show that catulin is expressed in human BC samples and its expression correlates with the tumor progression. Ablation of catulin in hBC cell lines decreases their invasive potential in the 3D assays. Using a novel catulin promoter based reporter we tracked and characterized the small population of invasive BC cells in xenograft model. RNAseq analysis revealed enrichment in genes important for cellular movement, invasion and interestingly for tumor-vasculature interactions. Analysis of tumors unveiled that catulin reporter marks not only invasive cancer cells but also rare population of plastic, MCAM positive cancer cells that participate in vascular mimicry. Ablation of catulin in the xenograft model revealed deregulation of genes involved in cellular movement, and adhesive properties with striking decrease in CD44 which may impact stemness potential, and plasticity of breast cancer cells. These findings show directly that some plastic tumor cells can change the fate into endothelial-like, expressing MCAM and emphasize the importance of catulin in this process and breast cancer progression.
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21
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Mukherjee A, Melamed S, Damouny-Khoury H, Amer M, Feld L, Nadjar-Boger E, Sheetz MP, Wolfenson H. α-Catenin links integrin adhesions to F-actin to regulate ECM mechanosensing and rigidity dependence. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:213257. [PMID: 35652786 PMCID: PMC9166284 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202102121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Both cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions are regulated by mechanical signals, but the mechanobiological processes that mediate the cross talk between these structures are poorly understood. Here we show that α-catenin, a mechanosensitive protein that is classically linked with cadherin-based adhesions, associates with and regulates integrin adhesions. α-Catenin is recruited to the edges of mesenchymal cells, where it interacts with F-actin. This is followed by mutual retrograde flow of α-catenin and F-actin from the cell edge, during which α-catenin interacts with vinculin within integrin adhesions. This interaction affects adhesion maturation, stress-fiber assembly, and force transmission to the matrix. In epithelial cells, α-catenin is present in cell-cell adhesions and absent from cell-matrix adhesions. However, when these cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, α-catenin transitions to the cell edge, where it facilitates proper mechanosensing. This is highlighted by the ability of α-catenin-depleted cells to grow on soft matrices. These results suggest a dual role of α-catenin in mechanosensing, through both cell-cell and cell-matrix adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mukherjee
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Shay Melamed
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Hana Damouny-Khoury
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Malak Amer
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Lea Feld
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Elisabeth Nadjar-Boger
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Michael P. Sheetz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Haguy Wolfenson
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion—Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel,Correspondence to Haguy Wolfenson:
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22
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Li M, Yang X, Masoudi A, Xiao Q, Li N, Wang N, Chang G, Ren S, Li H, Liu J, Wang H. The regulatory strategy of proteins in the mouse kidney during Babesia microti infection. Exp Parasitol 2022; 235:108232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2022.108232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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23
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Duan B, Qin Z, Gu X, Li Y. Migfilin: Cell Adhesion Effect and Comorbidities. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:411-422. [PMID: 35469339 PMCID: PMC9034862 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s357355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion manifests as cell linkages to neighboring cells and/or the extracellular matrix (ECM). Migfilin is a widely expressed adhesion protein. It comprises three LIM domains in the C-terminal region and one proline-rich sequence in the N-terminal region. Through interplay with its various binding partners, such as Kindlin-2, Filamin, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) protein and the transcription factor CSX, Migfilin facilitates the dynamic association of connecting actomyosin fibers, orchestrating cell morphogenetic movement and cell adhesion, proliferation, migration, invasion, differentiation and signal transduction. In this review, to further elucidate the functional contributions of and pathogenesis induced by Migfilin, we focused on the structure of Migfilin and the targets which it directly binds with. We also summarized the role of Migfilin and its binding partners in the progression of different diseases and malignancies. As a possible candidate for coordinating various cellular processes and because of its association with both the pathogenesis and progression of certain tumors, Migfilin likely has utility as a therapeutic target against multiple diseases in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziyao Qin
- Department of Research and Development, Shanghai Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Xuefeng Gu, Department of Pharmacy, 279 Zhouzhu Road, Shanghai, 201318, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6588 3180, Email
| | - Yanfei Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yanfei Li, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, 1500 Zhouyuan Road, Shanghai, 201318, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 21 6588 3180 Email
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24
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Sokpor G, Brand-Saberi B, Nguyen HP, Tuoc T. Regulation of Cell Delamination During Cortical Neurodevelopment and Implication for Brain Disorders. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:824802. [PMID: 35281509 PMCID: PMC8904418 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.824802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical development is dependent on key processes that can influence apical progenitor cell division and progeny. Pivotal among such critical cellular processes is the intricate mechanism of cell delamination. This indispensable cell detachment process mainly entails the loss of apical anchorage, and subsequent migration of the mitotic derivatives of the highly polarized apical cortical progenitors. Such apical progenitor derivatives are responsible for the majority of cortical neurogenesis. Many factors, including transcriptional and epigenetic/chromatin regulators, are known to tightly control cell attachment and delamination tendency in the cortical neurepithelium. Activity of these molecular regulators principally coordinate morphogenetic cues to engender remodeling or disassembly of tethering cellular components and external cell adhesion molecules leading to exit of differentiating cells in the ventricular zone. Improper cell delamination is known to frequently impair progenitor cell fate commitment and neuronal migration, which can cause aberrant cortical cell number and organization known to be detrimental to the structure and function of the cerebral cortex. Indeed, some neurodevelopmental abnormalities, including Heterotopia, Schizophrenia, Hydrocephalus, Microcephaly, and Chudley-McCullough syndrome have been associated with cell attachment dysregulation in the developing mammalian cortex. This review sheds light on the concept of cell delamination, mechanistic (transcriptional and epigenetic regulation) nuances involved, and its importance for corticogenesis. Various neurodevelopmental disorders with defective (too much or too little) cell delamination as a notable etiological underpinning are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Godwin Sokpor
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- *Correspondence: Godwin Sokpor,
| | - Beate Brand-Saberi
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Huu Phuc Nguyen
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tran Tuoc
- Department of Human Genetics, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Tran Tuoc,
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25
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Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:325-345. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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26
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Zhu X, Yang M, Zhao P, Li S, Zhang L, Huang L, Huang Y, Fei P, Yang Y, Zhang S, Xu H, Yuan Y, Zhang X, Zhu X, Ma S, Hao F, Sundaresan P, Zhu W, Yang Z. Catenin α 1 mutations cause familial exudative vitreoretinopathy by overactivating Norrin/β-catenin signaling. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:139869. [PMID: 33497368 DOI: 10.1172/jci139869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) is a severe retinal vascular disease that causes blindness. FEVR has been linked to mutations in several genes associated with inactivation of the Norrin/β-catenin signaling pathway, but these account for only approximately 50% of cases. We report that mutations in α-catenin (CTNNA1) cause FEVR by overactivating the β-catenin pathway and disrupting cell adherens junctions. We identified 3 heterozygous mutations in CTNNA1 (p.F72S, p.R376Cfs*27, and p.P893L) by exome sequencing and further demonstrated that FEVR-associated mutations led to overactivation of Norrin/β-catenin signaling as a result of impaired protein interactions within the cadherin-catenin complex. The clinical features of FEVR were reproduced in mice lacking Ctnna1 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) or with overactivated β-catenin signaling by an EC-specific gain-of-function allele of Ctnnb1. In isolated mouse lung ECs, both CTNNA1-P893L and F72S mutants failed to rescue either the disrupted F-actin arrangement or the VE-cadherin and CTNNB1 distribution. Moreover, we discovered that compound heterozygous Ctnna1 F72S and a deletion allele could cause a similar phenotype. Furthermore, in a FEVR family, we identified a mutation of LRP5, which activates Norrin/β-catenin signaling, and the corresponding knockin mice exhibited a partial FEVR-like phenotype. Our study demonstrates that the precise regulation of β-catenin activation is critical for retinal vascular development and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of FEVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianjun Zhu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peiquan Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujin Li
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lulin Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Fei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yeming Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Huijuan Xu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiong Zhu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi Ma
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Hao
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Weiquan Zhu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Research Unit for Blindness Prevention of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU026), Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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27
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Cancer predisposition and germline CTNNA1 variants. Eur J Med Genet 2021; 64:104316. [PMID: 34425242 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2021.104316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer (HDGC) is a cancer predisposing syndrome mainly caused by germline inactivating variants in CDH1, encoding E-cadherin. Early-onset diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) and/or invasive lobular breast cancer (LBC) are the main phenotypes in CDH1-associated HDGC. CTNNA1, encoding for α-E-catenin, and E-cadherin-partner in the adherens junction complex, has been recently classified as a HDGC predisposing gene. Nevertheless, little is known about CTNNA1 tumor spectrum in variant carriers and variant-type associated causality. Herein, we systematically reviewed the literature searching for CTNNA1 germline variants carriers, further categorized them according to HDGC clinical criteria (HDGC vs non-HDGC), collected phenotypes, classified variants molecularly and according to CDH1 ACMG/AMP guidelines and performed genotype-phenotype analysis. We found 41 families carrying CTNNA1 germline variants encompassing in total 105 probands and relatives. All probands from 13 HDGC families presented DGC and their average age of onset was 40 ± 17 years; 10/13 (77%) HDGC families carried a pathogenic (P) variant. Most probands from 28 non-HDGC families developed unspecified-BC, as well as most of their relatives; 4/28 (14%) carried a P variant, 16/28 (57%) carried a likely pathogenic (LP) variant, 7/28 (25%) carried variants of unknown significance (VUS) and 1/28 (4%) carried a likely benign variant. Regardless of clinical criteria, 97% (32/33) of probands and relatives from P variant-carrier families had DGC/unspecified-GC. In LP variant-carrier families, 82% (28/34) of probands and relatives had unspecified-BC. Only 2/105 individuals had LBC. A cluster of frameshift and nonsense variants was found in CTNNA1 last exon of non-HDGC families and classified as VUS. In conclusion, current available data confirms an association of CTNNA1 P variants with early-onset DGC, but not with LBC. We demonstrate that in ascertained cohorts, CTNNA1 P variants explain <2% of HDGC families and support the use of ACMG/AMP CDH1 specific variant curation guidelines, while no specific guidelines are developed for CTNNA1 variant classification. Moreover, we demonstrated that truncating variants at the CTNNA1 NMD-incompetent last exon have limited deleteriousness, and that CTNNA1 LP variants have lower actionability than CDH1 LP variants. Current knowledge supports considering only CTNNA1 P variants as clinically actionable in HDGC carrying families.
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28
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Yu LY, Tseng TJ, Lin HC, Hsu CL, Lu TX, Tsai CJ, Lin YC, Chu I, Peng CT, Chen HJ, Tsai FC. Synthetic dysmobility screen unveils an integrated STK40-YAP-MAPK system driving cell migration. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabg2106. [PMID: 34321207 PMCID: PMC8318371 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Integrating signals is essential for cell survival, leading to the concept of synthetic lethality. However, how signaling is integrated to control cell migration remains unclear. By conducting a "two-hit" screen, we revealed the synergistic reduction of cell migration when serine-threonine kinase 40 (STK40) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were simultaneously suppressed. Single-cell analyses showed that STK40 knockdown reduced cell motility and coordination by strengthening focal adhesion (FA) complexes. Furthermore, STK40 knockdown reduced the stability of yes-associated protein (YAP) and subsequently decreased YAP transported into the nucleus, while MAPK inhibition further weakened YAP activities in the nucleus to disturb FA remodeling. Together, we unveiled an integrated STK40-YAP-MAPK system regulating cell migration and introduced "synthetic dysmobility" as a novel strategy to collaboratively control cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Yea Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Jen Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Chao Lin
- Department of Immunology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Lin Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Xuan Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Chia-Jung Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yu-Chiao Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - I Chu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tzu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Jen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chiao Tsai
- Department of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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29
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Zhao XM, Niu N, Yang JP, Liu WM, Zhang JZ. LmIntegrinβ-PS is required for wing morphogenesis and development in Locusta migratoria. INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:705-717. [PMID: 32401389 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Wings are an important flight organ of insects and their morphogenesis depends on a series of cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions. Integrin as a transmembrane protein receptor mediates cell-to-cell adhesion, cell-to-extracellular matrix interactions and signal transduction. In the present study, we characterized an integrin gene that encodes integrinβ-PS protein in Locusta migratoria. LmIntegrinβ-PS is highly expressed in the wing pads and the middle stages of 5th instar nymphs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the LmIntegrinβ-PS protein was localized at the cell base of the two layers of wings. After suppression of LmIntegrinβ-PS by RNA interference, the wing pads or wings were unable to form normally, with a blister wing appearance during nymph to nymph transition and nymph to adult transition. We further found that the dorsal and ventral epidermis of the wings after dsLmIntegrinβ-PS injection were improperly connected and formed huge cavities revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Furthermore, the morphology and structure of the wing cuticle was significantly disturbed which affected the stable arrangement and attachments of the wing epidermis. Moreover, the expression of related cell adhesion genes was significantly decreased in LmIntegrinβ-PS-suppressed L. migratoria, suggesting that LmIntegrinβ-PS is required for the morphogenesis and development of wings during molting by stabilizing cell adhesion and maintaining the cytoskeleton of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ming Zhao
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Niu Niu
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jia-Peng Yang
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wei-Min Liu
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jian-Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Applied Biology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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30
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Danilova NV, Mikhailov IA, Oleynikova NA, Malkov PG. [E-cadherin expression in tumor emboli in gastric cancer]. Arkh Patol 2021; 83:11-19. [PMID: 34041891 DOI: 10.17116/patol20218303111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the level of E-cadherin expression in tumor emboli, to compare it with expression in a tumor, to determine the dependence of E-cadherin expression in tumor emboli on the clinical and morphological characteristics of gastric cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS We used samples of surgical material from 280 patients with a verified diagnosis of gastric cancer. E-cadherin expression was determined by immunohistochemical method. The results of the reactions were assessed semi-quantitatively and compared with the main clinical and morphological characteristics of gastric cancer (histological type according to the WHO classification 2019, histological type according to the classification of P. Lauren, clinical stage, depth of invasion (T), number of metastases in lymph nodes (N), presence or/absence of distant metastases (M), tumor localization in the stomach). RESULTS Among 280 cases of cancer, emboli were detected only in 67 cases, used for further analysis. The rest of the samples were excluded from the analysis, since emboli did not get into the sections during the cutting of immunohistochemical preparations. The expression of E-cadherin in tumor emboli was significantly higher (p<0.001) than in tumor tissue. At the same time, no cases identified where the level of E-cadherin decreased in emboli compared to the tumor. A significant increase in the expression of E-cadherin in tumor emboli compared to the primary tumor was noted for all histological types according to WHO 2019, for intermediate and diffuse types according to the P. Lauren classification (p<0.001). Comparison of expression in emboli and tumors for neoplasms with different depths of invasion (T), different stages and different localizations did not reveal statistically significant differences. An increase in the expression of E-cadherin in emboli compared to tumors was characterized by a higher level of significance in the presence of metastases (N1, N2, N3a, N3b; p<0.001) than in the absence of metastases (N0; p=0.016). CONCLUSION The study revealed a statistically significant increase in the expression of E-cadherin in tumor emboli compared to the primary tumor, which is evidence of its important role in maintaining the integrity of emboli and tumor dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Danilova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - P G Malkov
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
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31
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Culturing Keratinocytes on Biomimetic Substrates Facilitates Improved Epidermal Assembly In Vitro. Cells 2021; 10:cells10051177. [PMID: 34066027 PMCID: PMC8151809 DOI: 10.3390/cells10051177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanotransduction is defined as the ability of cells to sense mechanical stimuli from their surroundings and translate them into biochemical signals. Epidermal keratinocytes respond to mechanical cues by altering their proliferation, migration, and differentiation. In vitro cell culture, however, utilises tissue culture plastic, which is significantly stiffer than the in vivo environment. Current epidermal models fail to consider the effects of culturing keratinocytes on plastic prior to setting up three-dimensional cultures, so the impact of this non-physiological exposure on epidermal assembly is largely overlooked. In this study, primary keratinocytes cultured on plastic were compared with those grown on 4, 8, and 50 kPa stiff biomimetic hydrogels that have similar mechanical properties to skin. Our data show that keratinocytes cultured on biomimetic hydrogels exhibited major changes in cellular architecture, cell density, nuclear biomechanics, and mechanoprotein expression, such as specific Linker of Nucleoskeleton and Cytoskeleton (LINC) complex constituents. Mechanical conditioning of keratinocytes on 50 kPa biomimetic hydrogels improved the thickness and organisation of 3D epidermal models. In summary, the current study demonstrates that the effects of extracellular mechanics on keratinocyte cell biology are significant and therefore should be harnessed in skin research to ensure the successful production of physiologically relevant skin models.
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32
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Barcelona‐Estaje E, Dalby MJ, Cantini M, Salmeron‐Sanchez M. You Talking to Me? Cadherin and Integrin Crosstalk in Biomaterial Design. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2002048. [PMID: 33586353 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202002048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
While much work has been done in the design of biomaterials to control integrin-mediated adhesion, less emphasis has been put on functionalization of materials with cadherin ligands. Yet, cell-cell contacts in combination with cell-matrix interactions are key in driving embryonic development, collective cell migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and cancer metastatic processes, among others. This review focuses on the incorporation of both cadherin and integrin ligands in biomaterial design, to promote what is called the "adhesive crosstalk." First, the structure and function of cadherins and their role in eliciting mechanotransductive processes, by themselves or in combination with integrin mechanosensing, are introduced. Then, biomaterials that mimic cell-cell interactions, and recent applications to get insights in fundamental biology and tissue engineering, are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Barcelona‐Estaje
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Matthew J. Dalby
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
| | - Marco Cantini
- Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK
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33
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DiCarlo AL, Bandremer AC, Hollingsworth BA, Kasim S, Laniyonu A, Todd NF, Wang SJ, Wertheimer ER, Rios CI. Cutaneous Radiation Injuries: Models, Assessment and Treatments. Radiat Res 2020; 194:315-344. [PMID: 32857831 DOI: 10.1667/rade-20-00120.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Many cases of human exposures to high-dose radiation have been documented, including individuals exposed during the detonation of atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, nuclear power plant disasters (e.g., Chernobyl), as well as industrial and medical accidents. For many of these exposures, injuries to the skin have been present and have played a significant role in the progression of the injuries and survivability from the radiation exposure. There are also instances of radiation-induced skin complications in routine clinical radiotherapy and radiation diagnostic imaging procedures. In response to the threat of a radiological or nuclear mass casualty incident, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services tasked the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) with identifying and funding early- to mid-stage medical countermeasure (MCM) development to treat radiation-induced injuries, including those to the skin. To appropriately assess the severity of radiation-induced skin injuries and determine efficacy of different approaches to mitigate/treat them, it is necessary to develop animal models that appropriately simulate what is seen in humans who have been exposed. In addition, it is important to understand the techniques that are used in other clinical indications (e.g., thermal burns, diabetic ulcers, etc.) to accurately assess the extent of skin injury and progression of healing. For these reasons, the NIAID partnered with two other U.S. Government funding and regulatory agencies, the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), to identify state-of-the-art methods in assessment of skin injuries, explore animal models to better understand radiation-induced cutaneous damage and investigate treatment approaches. A two-day workshop was convened in May 2019 highlighting talks from 28 subject matter experts across five scientific sessions. This report provides an overview of information that was presented and the subsequent guided discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L DiCarlo
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Aaron C Bandremer
- Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Washington, DC
| | - Brynn A Hollingsworth
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
| | - Suhail Kasim
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), White Oak, Maryland
| | | | - Nushin F Todd
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), White Oak, Maryland
| | - Sue-Jane Wang
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), White Oak, Maryland
| | | | - Carmen I Rios
- Radiation and Nuclear Countermeasures Program (RNCP), Division of Allergy, Immunology and Transplantation (DAIT), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Rockville, Maryland
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34
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Chen G, Yang Y, Liu W, Huang L, Yang L, Lei Y, Wu H, Lei Z, Guo J. EpCAM is essential for maintenance of the small intestinal epithelium architecture via regulation of the expression and localization of proteins that compose adherens junctions. Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:621-632. [PMID: 33416101 PMCID: PMC7797445 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is highly expressed in mammalian intestines, and is essential for maintaining the homeostasis of the intestinal epithelium. EpCAM protein is localized at tight junctions and the basolateral membrane of the intestinal epithelium, where it interacts with many cell adhesion molecules. To explore the molecular functions of EpCAM in regulating adherens junctions in the intestinal epithelium, EpCAM knockout embryos and newborn pups were analyzed. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to assess the histology of the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon from wild-type and EpCAM−/− mice at E18.5, P0 and P3. The expression and localization of adherens junction-associated genes and genes that encode the proteins that participate in the assembly of adherens junctions were measured at the mRNA and protein levels using qPCR, western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that although there was no significant damage to the intestines of EpCAM−/− mice at E18.5 and P0, they were significantly damaged at P3 in mutant mice. The expression of adherens junction-associated genes in EpCAM mutant mice was normal at the mRNA level from E18.5 to P3, but their protein levels were gradually reduced and mislocalized from E18.5 to P3. The expression of nectin 1, which can regulate the assembly and adhesion activity of E-cadherin, was also gradually reduced at both the mRNA and protein levels in the intestinal epithelium of EpCAM mutant mice from E18.5 to P3. In summary, the loss of EpCAM may cause the reduction and mislocalization of proteins that compose adherens junctions partly via the downregulation of nectin 1 in the intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guibin Chen
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yanhong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital (School of Clinical Medicine), Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wanwan Liu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Li Huang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Lanxiang Yang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Lei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zili Lei
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine and Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China and Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University and Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
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35
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Beffagna G, Sommariva E, Bellin M. Mechanotransduction and Adrenergic Stimulation in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: An Overview of in vitro and in vivo Models. Front Physiol 2020; 11:568535. [PMID: 33281612 PMCID: PMC7689294 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.568535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy (AC) is a rare inherited heart disease, manifesting with progressive myocardium degeneration and dysfunction, and life-threatening arrhythmic events that lead to sudden cardiac death. Despite genetic determinants, most of AC patients admitted to hospital are athletes or very physically active people, implying the existence of other disease-causing factors. It is recognized that AC phenotypes are enhanced and triggered by strenuous physical activity, while excessive mechanical stretch and load, and repetitive adrenergic stimulation are mechanisms influencing disease penetrance. Different approaches have been undertaken to recapitulate and study both mechanotransduction and adrenergic signaling in AC, including the use of in vitro cellular and tissue models, and the development of in vivo models (particularly rodents but more recently also zebrafish). However, it remains challenging to reproduce mechanical load stimuli and physical activity in laboratory experimental settings. Thus, more work to drive the innovation of advanced AC models is needed to recapitulate these subtle physiological influences. Here, we review the state-of-the-art in this field both in clinical and laboratory-based modeling scenarios. Specific attention will be focused on highlighting gaps in the knowledge and how they may be resolved by utilizing novel research methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Beffagna
- Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Bellin
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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36
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Jin W, Gu C, Zhou L, Yang X, Gui M, Zhang J, Chen J, Dong X, Yuan Q, Shan L. Theabrownin inhibits the cytoskeleton‑dependent cell cycle, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells through NF‑κB pathway‑related mechanisms. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:2621-2633. [PMID: 33125106 PMCID: PMC7640368 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the high metastatic potential of osteosarcoma, not only pro-apoptosis, but also anti-metastasis is important for anti-osteosarcoma therapy. Previously, the authors reported the pro-apoptotic and tumor-inhibitory effects of theabrownin (TB) on osteosarcoma cells; however, its effects on the metastasis-related migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells remain unknown. The present study conducted RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on xenograft zebrafish samples and performed in vitro experiments, including RT-qPCR, cell viability analysis, clone formation assay, cell cycle analysis, immunofluorescence, cell migration assay, cell invasion assay, wound healing assay and western blot (WB) analysis to evaluate the anti-metastatic effects and mechanism of TB against osteosarcoma cells. The RNA-seq data revealed that TB significantly downregulated the expression of genes involved in the microtubule bundle formation of U2OS cells, which was verified by RT-qPCR. The cell viability and clone formation data indicated that TB significantly inhibited U2OS cell viability and colony numbers. The results of cell cycle analysis revealed the blocked cell cycle progression of U2OS by TB. The immunofluorescent data revealed an evident cytoskeleton-inhibitory effect of TB against the microfilament and microtubule formation of U2OS cells. The results of cell migration and invasion demonstrated that TB significantly inhibited U2OS cell migration and invasion. The results of WB analysis revealed that TB significantly regulated key molecules of epithelial-mesenchymal transition [EMT; e.g., E-cadherin, vimentin, Snail-1, Slug and zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB-1)] and those of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway (e.g., NF-κB, phospho-IKKα and phospho-IKKβ), indicating that NF-κB pathway-related EMT suppression may mediate the mechanisms underlying the anti-migratory and anti-invasive effects of TB against osteosarcoma. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the inhibitory effects and mechanisms of TB on the cytoskeleton-dependent cell cycle, migration and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells. The findings presented herein suggest that TB may be a promising anti-metastatic candidate for anti-osteosarcoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangdong Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Chaoqun Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Gui
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Theabio Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqiao Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Letian Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
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37
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Mei L, Espinosa de Los Reyes S, Reynolds MJ, Leicher R, Liu S, Alushin GM. Molecular mechanism for direct actin force-sensing by α-catenin. eLife 2020; 9:62514. [PMID: 32969337 PMCID: PMC7588232 DOI: 10.7554/elife.62514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton mediates mechanical coupling between cells and their tissue microenvironments. The architecture and composition of actin networks are modulated by force; however, it is unclear how interactions between actin filaments (F-actin) and associated proteins are mechanically regulated. Here we employ both optical trapping and biochemical reconstitution with myosin motor proteins to show single piconewton forces applied solely to F-actin enhance binding by the human version of the essential cell-cell adhesion protein αE-catenin but not its homolog vinculin. Cryo-electron microscopy structures of both proteins bound to F-actin reveal unique rearrangements that facilitate their flexible C-termini refolding to engage distinct interfaces. Truncating α-catenin’s C-terminus eliminates force-activated F-actin binding, and addition of this motif to vinculin confers force-activated binding, demonstrating that α-catenin’s C-terminus is a modular detector of F-actin tension. Our studies establish that piconewton force on F-actin can enhance partner binding, which we propose mechanically regulates cellular adhesion through α-catenin. All of the cells in our bodies rely on cues from their surrounding environment to alter their behavior. As well sending each other chemical signals, such as hormones, cells can also detect pressure and physical forces applied by the cells around them. These physical interactions are coordinated by a network of proteins called the cytoskeleton, which provide the internal scaffold that maintains a cell’s shape. However, it is not well understood how forces transmitted through the cytoskeleton are converted into mechanical signals that control cell behavior. The cytoskeleton is primarily made up protein filaments called actin, which are frequently under tension from external and internal forces that push and pull on the cell. Many proteins bind directly to actin, including adhesion proteins that allow the cell to ‘stick’ to its surroundings. One possibility is that when actin filaments feel tension, they convert this into a mechanical signal by altering how they bind to other proteins. To test this theory, Mei et al. isolated and studied an adhesion protein called α-catenin which is known to interact with actin. This revealed that when tiny forces – similar to the amount cells experience in the body – were applied to actin filaments, this caused α-catenin and actin to bind together more strongly. However, applying the same level of physical force did not alter how well actin bound to a similar adhesion protein called vinculin. Further experiments showed that this was due to differences in a small, flexible region found on both proteins. Manipulating this region revealed that it helps α-catenin attach to actin when a force is present, and was thus named a ‘force detector’. Proteins that bind to actin are essential in all animals, making it likely that force detectors are a common mechanism. Scientists can now use this discovery to identify and manipulate force detectors in other proteins across different cells and animals. This may help to develop drugs that target the mechanical signaling process, although this will require further understanding of how force detectors work at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Mei
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States.,Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | | | - Matthew J Reynolds
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Rachel Leicher
- Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States.,Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Shixin Liu
- Laboratory of Nanoscale Biophysics and Biochemistry, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
| | - Gregory M Alushin
- Laboratory of Structural Biophysics and Mechanobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States
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Hou W, Zhang D, Feng X, Zhou Y. Low magnitude high frequency vibration promotes chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells with involvement of β-catenin signaling pathway. Arch Oral Biol 2020; 118:104860. [PMID: 32791354 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are well known to have the capability to form bone and cartilage, and chondrogenesis derived from MSCs is reported to be affected by mechanical stimuli. This research aimed to study the effects of low magnitude high frequency (LMHF) vibration on the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) which were cultured with chondrogenic medium, and to investigate the role of β-catenin cascade in this process. METHODS Rat bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMSCs) were isolated and randomized into vibration and static cultures. The effect of vibration on BMSCs proliferation, differentiation and chondrogenic potential was assessed at the protein level. RESULTS LMHFV did not affect the proliferation of BMSCs. However, this was accompanied by increased markers of chondrogenesis. The protein expression of chondrocyte-specific markers of Aggrecan, Sox9, and BMP7 were upregulated and Collagen X was decreased by LMHF vibration introduced at the chondrogenic differentiation in vitro. Specifically, thicker blue-stained particles were observed in Alcian Blue staining and the level of glycosaminoglycan were significantly increased respectively in the vibration culture group by 56.5 % and 93.6 % on the 7th and 14th day. The expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin were activated in a significant manner. And inhibition of GSK-3β activity with Licl rearranged and intensified the cytoskeleton affected by vibration stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated that LMHF mechanical vibration promotes BMSCs chondrogenic differentiation and implies β-catenin signal acts as an essential mediator in the mechano-biochemical transduction and subsequent transcriptional regulation in the process of chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Denghui Zhang
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Feng
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
| | - Yi Zhou
- The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, China; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, China.
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39
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The intercalated disc: a mechanosensing signalling node in cardiomyopathy. Biophys Rev 2020; 12:931-946. [PMID: 32661904 PMCID: PMC7429531 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00737-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocytes, the cells generating contractile force in the heart, are connected to each other through a highly specialised structure, the intercalated disc (ID), which ensures force transmission and transduction between neighbouring cells and allows the myocardium to function in synchrony. In addition, cardiomyocytes possess an intrinsic ability to sense mechanical changes and to regulate their own contractile output accordingly. To achieve this, some of the components responsible for force transmission have evolved to sense changes in tension and to trigger a biochemical response that results in molecular and cellular changes in cardiomyocytes. This becomes of particular importance in cardiomyopathies, where the heart is exposed to increased mechanical load and needs to adapt to sustain its contractile function. In this review, we will discuss key mechanosensing elements present at the intercalated disc and provide an overview of the signalling molecules involved in mediating the responses to changes in mechanical force.
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40
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Karpińska K, Cao C, Yamamoto V, Gielata M, Kobielak A. Alpha-Catulin, a New Player in a Rho Dependent Apical Constriction That Contributes to the Mouse Neural Tube Closure. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:154. [PMID: 32258033 PMCID: PMC7089943 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Coordination of actomyosin contraction and cell-cell junctions generates forces that can lead to tissue morphogenetic processes like the formation of neural tube (NT), however, its molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating and coupling this contractile network to cadherin adhesion remain to be fully elucidated. Here, using a gene trapping technology, we unveil the new player in this process, α-catulin, which shares sequence homology with vinculin and α-catenin. Ablation of α-catulin in mouse causes defective NT closure due to impairment of apical constriction, concomitant with apical actin and P-Mlc2 accumulation. Using a 3D culture model system, we showed that α-catulin localizes to the apical membrane and its removal alters the distribution of active RhoA and polarization. Actin cytoskeleton and P-Mlc2, downstream targets of RhoA, are not properly organized, with limited accumulation at the junctions, indicating a loss of junction stabilization. Our data suggest that α-catulin plays an important role during NT closure by acting as a scaffold for RhoA distribution, resulting in proper spatial activation of myosin to influence actin-myosin dynamics and tension at cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Karpińska
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Christine Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vicky Yamamoto
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mateusz Gielata
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kobielak
- Laboratory of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Gonschior H, Haucke V, Lehmann M. Super-Resolution Imaging of Tight and Adherens Junctions: Challenges and Open Questions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030744. [PMID: 31979366 PMCID: PMC7037929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The tight junction (TJ) and the adherens junction (AJ) bridge the paracellular cleft of epithelial and endothelial cells. In addition to their role as protective barriers against bacteria and their toxins they maintain ion homeostasis, cell polarity, and mechano-sensing. Their functional loss leads to pathological changes such as tissue inflammation, ion imbalance, and cancer. To better understand the consequences of such malfunctions, the junctional nanoarchitecture is of great importance since it remains so far largely unresolved, mainly because of major difficulties in dynamically imaging these structures at sufficient resolution and with molecular precision. The rapid development of super-resolution imaging techniques ranging from structured illumination microscopy (SIM), stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy, and single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has now enabled molecular imaging of biological specimens from cells to tissues with nanometer resolution. Here we summarize these techniques and their application to the dissection of the nanoscale molecular architecture of TJs and AJs. We propose that super-resolution imaging together with advances in genome engineering and functional analyses approaches will create a leap in our understanding of the composition, assembly, and function of TJs and AJs at the nanoscale and, thereby, enable a mechanistic understanding of their dysfunction in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Gonschior
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (H.G.); (V.H.)
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (H.G.); (V.H.)
- Faculty of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (H.G.); (V.H.)
- Correspondence:
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42
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Liu T, Zhou L, Yang K, Iwasawa K, Kadekaro AL, Takebe T, Andl T, Zhang Y. The β-catenin/YAP signaling axis is a key regulator of melanoma-associated fibroblasts. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:63. [PMID: 31885878 PMCID: PMC6928146 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0100-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-catenin is a multifunctional protein that plays crucial roles in embryonic development, physiological homeostasis, and a wide variety of human cancers. Previously, we showed that in vivo targeted ablation of β-catenin in melanoma-associated fibroblasts after melanoma formation significantly suppressed tumor growth. However, when the expression of β-catenin was ablated in melanoma-associated fibroblasts before tumor initiation, melanoma development was surprisingly accelerated. How stromal β-catenin deficiency leads to opposite biological effects in melanoma progression is not completely understood. Here, we report that β-catenin is indispensable for the activation of primary human stromal fibroblasts and the mediation of fibroblast-melanoma cell interactions. Using coimmunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays, we identified Yes-associated protein (YAP) as an important β-catenin-interacting partner in stromal fibroblasts. YAP is highly expressed in the nuclei of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in both human and murine melanomas. Mechanistic investigation revealed that YAP nuclear translocation is significantly modulated by Wnt/β-catenin activity in fibroblasts. Blocking Wnt/β-catenin signaling in stromal fibroblasts inhibited YAP nuclear translocation. In the absence of YAP, the ability of stromal fibroblasts to remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM) was inhibited, which is consistent with the phenotype observed in cells with β-catenin deficiency. Further studies showed that the expression of ECM proteins and enzymes required for remodeling the ECM was suppressed in stromal fibroblasts after YAP ablation. Collectively, our data provide a new paradigm in which the β-catenin-YAP signaling axis regulates the activation and tumor-promoting function of stromal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Linli Zhou
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Kun Yang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Kentaro Iwasawa
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
| | - Ana Luisa Kadekaro
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
| | - Takanori Takebe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
- Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Organoid Medicine (CuSTOM), Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039 USA
- Institute of Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510 Japan
| | - Thomas Andl
- Burnett School of Biological Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA
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43
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David BG, Fujita H, Yasuda K, Okamoto K, Panina Y, Ichinose J, Sato O, Horie M, Ichimura T, Okada Y, Watanabe TM. Linking substrate and nucleus via actin cytoskeleton in pluripotency maintenance of mouse embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2019; 41:101614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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44
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Batich KA, Riedel RF, Kirkpatrick JP, Tong BC, Eward WC, Tan CL, Pittman PD, McLendon RE, Peters KB. Recurrent Extradural Myxopapillary Ependymoma With Oligometastatic Spread. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1322. [PMID: 31850213 PMCID: PMC6892774 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxopapillary ependymomas are a slow-growing, grade I type glial tumor in the lumbosacral region. More rarely, they can present as extradural, subcutaneous sacrococcygeal, or perisacral masses, and it is under these circumstances that they are more likely to spread. Here, we report the presentation of a sacrococcygeal mass in patient that was initially resected confirming extradural myxopapillary ependymoma. At initial resection, multiple small pulmonary nodules were detected. This mass recurred 2 years later at the resection site with an interval increase in the previously imaged pulmonary nodules. Resection of both the post-sacral mass and largest lung metastasis confirmed recurrent myxopapillary ependymoma with oligometastatic spread. Because these tumors are rare, with extradural presentation being even more infrequent, to this date there are no definitive therapeutic guidelines for initial treatment and continued surveillance. For myxopapillary ependymoma, current standard of care is first-line maximal surgical resection with or without postoperative radiotherapy depending on the extent of disease and extent of resection. However, there remains insufficient evidence on the role of radiotherapy to oligometastatic foci in providing any further survival benefit or extending time to recurrence. Thus, prospective studies assessing the role of upfront treatment of oligometastases with local resection and adjuvant radiotherapy are needed for improved understanding of extradural myxopapillary ependymoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Batich
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Richard F Riedel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - John P Kirkpatrick
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Betty C Tong
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Division of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - William C Eward
- Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Char Loo Tan
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Pathology, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Patricia D Pittman
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Roger E McLendon
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Katherine B Peters
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University Health System, Durham, NC, United States
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45
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Castro Dias M, Mapunda JA, Vladymyrov M, Engelhardt B. Structure and Junctional Complexes of Endothelial, Epithelial and Glial Brain Barriers. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5372. [PMID: 31671721 PMCID: PMC6862204 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS) is ensured by the endothelial, epithelial, mesothelial and glial brain barriers, which strictly control the passage of molecules, solutes and immune cells. While the endothelial blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the epithelial blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) have been extensively investigated, less is known about the epithelial and mesothelial arachnoid barrier and the glia limitans. Here, we summarize current knowledge of the cellular composition of the brain barriers with a specific focus on describing the molecular constituents of their junctional complexes. We propose that the brain barriers maintain CNS immune privilege by dividing the CNS into compartments that differ with regard to their role in immune surveillance of the CNS. We close by providing a brief overview on experimental tools allowing for reliable in vivo visualization of the brain barriers and their junctional complexes and thus the respective CNS compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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46
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Argentati C, Morena F, Tortorella I, Bazzucchi M, Porcellati S, Emiliani C, Martino S. Insight into Mechanobiology: How Stem Cells Feel Mechanical Forces and Orchestrate Biological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5337. [PMID: 31717803 PMCID: PMC6862138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between stem cells and their microenvironment has been shown to have a direct impact on stem cells' decisions about proliferation, growth, migration, and differentiation. It is well known that stem cells, tissues, organs, and whole organisms change their internal architecture and composition in response to external physical stimuli, thanks to cells' ability to sense mechanical signals and elicit selected biological functions. Likewise, stem cells play an active role in governing the composition and the architecture of their microenvironment. Is now being documented that, thanks to this dynamic relationship, stemness identity and stem cell functions are maintained. In this work, we review the current knowledge in mechanobiology on stem cells. We start with the description of theoretical basis of mechanobiology, continue with the effects of mechanical cues on stem cells, development, pathology, and regenerative medicine, and emphasize the contribution in the field of the development of ex-vivo mechanobiology modelling and computational tools, which allow for evaluating the role of forces on stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Ilaria Tortorella
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Martina Bazzucchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Serena Porcellati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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47
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Gul IS, Hulpiau P, Sanders E, van Roy F, van Hengel J. Armc8 is an evolutionarily conserved armadillo protein involved in cell-cell adhesion complexes through multiple molecular interactions. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20180604. [PMID: 30482882 PMCID: PMC6680376 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Armadillo-repeat-containing protein 8 (Armc8) belongs to the family of armadillo-repeat containing proteins, which have been found to be involved in diverse cellular functions including cell-cell contacts and intracellular signaling. By comparative analyses of armadillo repeat protein structures and genomes from various premetazoan and metazoan species, we identified orthologs of human Armc8 and analyzed in detail the evolutionary relationship of Armc8 genes and their encoded proteins. Armc8 is a highly ancestral armadillo protein although not present in yeast. Consequently, Armc8 is not the human ortholog of yeast Gid5/Vid28.Further, we performed a candidate approach to characterize new protein interactors of Armc8. Interactions between Armc8 and specific δ-catenins (plakophilins-1, -2, -3 and p0071) were observed by the yeast two-hybrid approach and confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization. We also showed that Armc8 interacts specifically with αE-catenin but neither with αN-catenin nor with αT-catenin. Degradation of αE-catenin has been reported to be important in cancer and to be regulated by Armc8. A similar process may occur with respect to plakophilins in desmosomes. Deregulation of desmosomal proteins has been considered to contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Sahin Gul
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paco Hulpiau
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Howest, University College West Flanders, Bruges, Belgium
| | - Ellen Sanders
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans van Roy
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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48
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Kumar P, Tathe P, Chaudhary N, Maddika S. PPM1G forms a PPP-type phosphatase holoenzyme with B56δ that maintains adherens junction integrity. EMBO Rep 2019; 20:e46965. [PMID: 31432583 PMCID: PMC6776900 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine/threonine phosphatases achieve substrate diversity by forming distinct holoenzyme complexes in cells. Although the PPP family of serine/threonine phosphatase family members such as PP1 and PP2A are well known to assemble and function as holoenzymes, none of the PPM family members were so far shown to act as holoenzymes. Here, we provide evidence that PPM1G, a member of PPM family of serine/threonine phosphatases, forms a distinct holoenzyme complex with the PP2A regulatory subunit B56δ. B56δ promotes the re‐localization of PPM1G to the cytoplasm where the phosphatase can access a discrete set of substrates. Further, we unveil α‐catenin, a component of adherens junction, as a new substrate for the PPM1G‐B56 phosphatase complex in the cytoplasm. B56δ‐PPM1G dephosphorylates α‐catenin at serine 641, which is necessary for the appropriate assembly of adherens junctions and the prevention of aberrant cell migration. Collectively, we reveal a new holoenzyme with PPM1G‐B56δ as integral components, in which the regulatory subunit provides accessibility to distinct substrates for the phosphatase by defining its cellular localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Kumar
- Laboratory of Cell Death & Cell Survival, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Prajakta Tathe
- Laboratory of Cell Death & Cell Survival, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India.,Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Neelam Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Cell Death & Cell Survival, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India
| | - Subbareddy Maddika
- Laboratory of Cell Death & Cell Survival, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), Uppal, Hyderabad, India
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49
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Qiao J, Rellinger EJ, Kim KW, Powers CM, Lee S, Correa H, Chung DH. Identification of α-N-catenin as a novel tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5028-5040. [PMID: 31489113 PMCID: PMC6707940 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The lost expression of α-catenin has been found in cancers, and reinstalling α-catenin inhibits tumor growth. Here we hypothesized that the α-N-catenin, a homologous member of α-catenin and neural-specific expressed, functions as a novel tumor suppressor in neural crest-derived tumor, neuroblastoma. We correlated CTNNA2 (encodes α-N-catenin) expression to neuroblastoma disease relapse-free survival probability using publicly accessible human neuroblastoma datasets in R2 platform. The result showed that it negatively correlated to relapse-free survival probability significantly in patients with neuroblastoma with non-MYCN amplified tumor. Conversely, overexpressing CTNNA2 suppressed the neuroblastoma cell proliferation as measuring by the clonogenesis, inhibited anchorage-independent growth with soft agar colony formation assay. Forced expression of CTNNA2 decreased cell migration and invasion. Further, overexpression of CTNNA2 reduced the secretion of angiogenic factor IL-8 and HUVEC tubule formation. Our results show, for the first time, that α-N-catenin is a tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma cells. These findings were further corroborated with in vivo tumor xenograft study, in which α-N-catenin inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor blood vessel formation. Interestingly, this is only observed in SK-N-AS xenografts lacking MYCN expression, and not in BE(2)-C xenografts with MYCN amplification. Mechanistically, α-N-catenin attenuated NF-κB responsive genes by inhibiting NF-κB transcriptional activity. In conclusion, these data demonstrate that α-N-catenin is a tumor suppressor in non-MYCN-amplified neuroblastomas and it inhibits NF-κB signaling pathway to suppress tumor growth in human neuroblastomas. Therefore, restoring the expression of α-N-catenin can be a novel therapeutic approach for neuroblastoma patients who have the deletion of CTNNA2 and lack of MYCN amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Qiao
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eric J Rellinger
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kwang Woon Kim
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Camille M Powers
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sora Lee
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hernan Correa
- Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Dai H Chung
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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50
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Di Lullo G, Calabresi V, Mariotti F, Zambruno G, Lanzavecchia A, Di Zenzo G. Identification of a Novel Non-desmoglein Autoantigen in Pemphigus Vulgaris. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1391. [PMID: 31275324 PMCID: PMC6593111 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is an autoimmune bullous disease of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by the presence of circulating and tissue-bound autoantibodies against keratinocyte cell surface antigens, specifically desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and 3. The pathogenic role of anti-Dsg antibodies is well-established, while the mechanism of blister formation is only partly defined. We have applied a previously developed method for the efficient immortalization of IgG+ memory B cells to identify novel target antigens in PV. A human monoclonal antibody reactive with a hitherto unreported non-Dsg antigen was isolated. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting studies with keratinocyte extracts indicated α-catenin as the putative antigen, then confirmed by immunoblotting on the recombinant protein. Four of ten PV sera reacted with recombinant α-catenin. Although the isolated human monoclonal antibody was per se unable to dissociate keratinocyte monolayers and also to synergize with a pathogenic antibody in vitro, further studies are warranted to assess its possible in vivo contribution in the multifactorial pathogenesis and heterogeneous manifestations of PV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Di Lullo
- Tumor Immunology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Giovanna Zambruno
- Genetic and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Lanzavecchia
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Università della Svizzera italiana, Bellinzona, Switzerland
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