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Yu SP, Choi E, Jiang MQ, Wei L. Acute and chronic excitotoxicity in ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1981-1988. [PMID: 39101641 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-24-00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke and Alzheimer's disease are common neurological disorders and often occur in the same individuals. The comorbidity of the two neurological disorders represents a grave health threat to older populations. This review presents a brief background of the development of novel concepts and their clinical potentials. The activity of glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated Ca 2+ influx is critical for neuronal function. An ischemic insult induces prompt and excessive glutamate release and drastic increases of intracellular Ca 2+ mainly via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, particularly of those at the extrasynaptic site. This Ca 2+ -evoked neuronal cell death in the ischemic core is dominated by necrosis within a few hours and days known as acute excitotoxicity. Furthermore, mild but sustained Ca 2+ increases under neurodegenerative conditions such as in the distant penumbra of the ischemic brain and early stages of Alzheimer's disease are not immediately toxic, but gradually set off deteriorating Ca 2+ -dependent signals and neuronal cell loss mostly because of activation of programmed cell death pathways. Based on the Ca 2+ hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and recent advances, this Ca 2+ -activated "silent" degenerative excitotoxicity evolves from years to decades and is recognized as a unique slow and chronic neuropathogenesis. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit GluN3A, primarily at the extrasynaptic site, serves as a gatekeeper for the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity and is neuroprotective against both acute and chronic excitotoxicity. Ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease, therefore, share an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor- and Ca 2+ -mediated mechanism, although with much different time courses. It is thus proposed that early interventions to control Ca 2+ homeostasis at the preclinical stage are pivotal for individuals who are susceptible to sporadic late-onset Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementia. This early treatment simultaneously serves as a preconditioning therapy against ischemic stroke that often attacks the same individuals during abnormal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Emily Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael Q Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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2
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Bogaard M, Strømme JM, Kidd SG, Johannessen B, Bakken AC, Lothe RA, Axcrona K, Skotheim RI, Axcrona U. GRIN3A: A biomarker associated with a cribriform pattern and poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Neoplasia 2024; 55:101023. [PMID: 38944914 PMCID: PMC11267071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.101023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer with a cribriform pattern, including invasive cribriform carcinoma (ICC) and/or intraductal carcinoma (IDC) is associated with a poor prognosis, and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to identify biomarkers for this feature. Using a radical prostatectomy cohort, we performed within-patient differential expression analyses with RNA sequencing data to compare samples with a cribriform pattern to those with non-cribriform Gleason pattern 4 (NcGP4; n=13). ACSM1, GRIN3A, PCDHB2, and REG4 were identified as differentially expressed, and validation was performed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (n=99; 321 RNA samples) and RNA in situ hybridization on tissue microarrays (n=479; 2047 tissue cores). GRIN3A was significantly higher expressed in cribriform pattern vs. NcGP4, when assessed within the same patient (n=27; p=0.005) and between different patients (n=83; p=0.001). Tissue cores with IDC more often expressed GRIN3A compared to ICC, NcGP4, and benign tissue (52 % vs. ≤ 32 %). When IDC and NcGP4 was compared within the same patient (173 pairs of tissue cores; 54 patients), 38 (22 %) of the tissue microarray core pairs had GRIN3A expression in only IDC, 33 (19 %) had expression in both IDC and NcGP4, 14 (8 %) in only NcGP4 and 88 (51 %) were negative in both entities (p=0.001). GRIN3A was as well associated with biochemical recurrence (log-rank, p=0.002). In conclusion, ectopic GRIN3A expression is an RNA-based biomarker for the presence of cribriform prostate cancer, particularly for IDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Bogaard
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jonas M Strømme
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susanne G Kidd
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjarne Johannessen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne C Bakken
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ragnhild A Lothe
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karol Axcrona
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Urology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Rolf I Skotheim
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ulrika Axcrona
- Department of Pathology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway; Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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Liu Y, Shao D, Lou S, Kou Z. Structural prediction of GluN3 NMDA receptors. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1446459. [PMID: 39229618 PMCID: PMC11368749 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1446459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are heterotetrametric ion channels composed of two obligatory GluN1 subunits and two alternative GluN2 or GluN3 subunits, forming GluN1-N2, GluN1-N3, and GluN1-N2-N3 type of NMDA receptors. Extensive research has focused on the functional and structural properties of conventional GluN1-GluN2 NMDA receptors due to their early discovery and high expression levels. However, the knowledge of unconventional GluN1-N3 NMDA receptors remains limited. In this study, we modeled the GluN1-N3A, GluN1-N3B, and GluN1-N3A-N3B NMDA receptors using deep-learned protein-language predication algorithms AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold All-Atom. We then compared these structures with GluN1-N2 and GluN1-N3A receptor cryo-EM structures and found that GluN1-N3 receptors have distinct properties in subunit arrangement, domain swap, and domain interaction. Furthermore, we predicted the agonist- or antagonist-bound structures, highlighting the key molecular-residue interactions. Our findings shed new light on the structural and functional diversity of NMDA receptors and provide a new direction for drug development. This study uses advanced AI algorithms to model GluN1-N3 NMDA receptors, revealing unique structural properties and interactions compared to conventional GluN1-N2 receptors. By highlighting key molecular-residue interactions and predicting ligand-bound structures, our research enhances the understanding of NMDA receptor diversity and offers new insights for targeted drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Liu
- Cancer Center, Shenzhen Hospital (Futian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital/the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Da Shao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shulei Lou
- Institute of Hospital Management, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Zengwei Kou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Yim KM, Baumgartner M, Krenzer M, Rosales Larios MF, Hill-Terán G, Nottoli T, Muhle RA, Noonan JP. Cell type-specific dysregulation of gene expression due to Chd8 haploinsufficiency during mouse cortical development. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.14.608000. [PMID: 39185167 PMCID: PMC11343218 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.14.608000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Disruptive variants in the chromodomain helicase CHD8, which acts as a transcriptional regulator during neurodevelopment, are strongly associated with risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Loss of CHD8 function is hypothesized to perturb gene regulatory networks in the developing brain, thereby contributing to ASD etiology. However, insight into the cell type-specific transcriptional effects of CHD8 loss of function remains limited. We used single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing to globally profile gene expression and identify dysregulated genes in the embryonic and juvenile wild type and Chd8 +/- mouse cortex, respectively. Chd8 and other ASD risk-associated genes showed a convergent expression trajectory that was largely conserved between the mouse and human developing cortex, increasing from the progenitor zones to the cortical plate. Genes associated with risk for neurodevelopmental disorders and genes involved in neuron projection development, chromatin remodeling, signaling, and migration were dysregulated in Chd8 +/- embryonic day (E) 12.5 radial glia. Genes implicated in synaptic organization and activity were dysregulated in Chd8 +/- postnatal day (P) 25 deep- and upper-layer excitatory cortical neurons, suggesting a delay in synaptic maturation or impaired synaptogenesis due to CHD8 loss of function. Our findings reveal a complex pattern of transcriptional dysregulation in Chd8 +/- developing cortex, potentially with distinct biological impacts on progenitors and maturing neurons in the excitatory neuronal lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M. Yim
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Martina Krenzer
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Present address: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Brookdale Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - María F. Rosales Larios
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Present address: Social Studies of Science and Technology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, School of Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, 04510 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Guillermina Hill-Terán
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Present address: Higher Institute of Biological Research (INSIBIO, CONICET-UNT), Institute of Biology, National University of Tucumán, T4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Timothy Nottoli
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Yale Genome Editing Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Rebecca A. Muhle
- Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
- Present address: New York State Psychiatric Institute and Columbia University Department of Psychiatry, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - James P. Noonan
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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5
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Seljeset S, Sintsova O, Wang Y, Harb HY, Lynagh T. Constitutive activity of ionotropic glutamate receptors via hydrophobic substitutions in the ligand-binding domain. Structure 2024; 32:966-978.e6. [PMID: 38677289 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Neurotransmitter ligands electrically excite neurons by activating ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) ion channels. Knowledge of the iGluR amino acid residues that dominate ligand-induced activation would enable the prediction of function from sequence. We therefore explored the molecular determinants of activity in rat N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type iGluRs (NMDA receptors), complex heteromeric iGluRs comprising two glycine-binding GluN1 and two glutamate-binding GluN2 subunits, using amino acid sequence analysis, mutagenesis, and electrophysiology. We find that a broadly conserved aspartate residue controls both ligand potency and channel activity, to the extent that certain substitutions at this position bypass the need for ligand binding in GluN1 subunits, generating NMDA receptors activated solely by glutamate. Furthermore, we identify a homomeric iGluR from the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens that has utilized native mutations of this crucial residue to evolve into a leak channel that is inhibited by neurotransmitter binding, pointing to a dominant role of this residue throughout the iGluR superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Seljeset
- Michael Sars Centre, University of Bergen, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Oksana Sintsova
- Michael Sars Centre, University of Bergen, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Michael Sars Centre, University of Bergen, 5008 Bergen, Norway
| | - Hassan Y Harb
- Concept Life Sciences Limited, Frith Knoll Road, Chapel-en-le-Frith, SK23 0PG High Peak, UK
| | - Timothy Lynagh
- Michael Sars Centre, University of Bergen, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
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Wunsch AM, Hwang EK, Funke JR, Baker R, Moutier A, Milovanovic M, Green TA, Wolf ME. Retinoic acid-mediated homeostatic plasticity in the nucleus accumbens core contributes to incubation of cocaine craving. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06612-x. [PMID: 38935096 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06612-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Incubation of cocaine craving refers to the progressive intensification of cue-induced craving during abstinence from cocaine self-administration. We showed previously that homomeric GluA1 Ca2+-permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPAR) accumulate in excitatory synapses of nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) medium spiny neurons (MSN) after ∼1 month of abstinence and thereafter their activation is required for expression of incubation. Therefore, it is important to understand mechanisms underlying CP-AMPAR plasticity. OBJECTIVES We hypothesize that CP-AMPAR upregulation represents a retinoic acid (RA)-dependent form of homeostatic plasticity, previously described in other brain regions, in which a reduction in neuronal activity disinhibits RA synthesis, leading to GluA1 translation and CP-AMPAR synaptic insertion. We tested this using viral vectors to bidirectionally manipulate RA signaling in NAcc during abstinence following extended-access cocaine self-administration. RESULTS We used shRNA targeted to the RA degradative enzyme Cyp26b1 to increase RA signaling. This treatment accelerated incubation; rats expressed incubation on abstinence day (AD) 15, when it is not yet detected in control rats. It also accelerated CP-AMPAR synaptic insertion measured with slice physiology. CP-AMPARs were detected in Cyp26b1 shRNA-expressing MSN, but not control MSN, on AD15-18. Next, we used shRNA targeted to the major RA synthetic enzyme Aldh1a1 to reduce RA signaling. In MSN expressing Aldh1a1 shRNA, synaptic CP-AMPARs were reduced in late withdrawal (AD42-60) compared to controls. However, we did not detect an effect of this manipulation on incubated cocaine seeking (AD40). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis that increased RA signaling during abstinence contributes to CP-AMPAR accumulation and incubation of cocaine craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Wunsch
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Eun-Kyung Hwang
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA
| | - Jonathan R Funke
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Raines Baker
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA
- College of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA
| | - Alana Moutier
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA
- Yecuris Corporation, Tualatin, OR, 97062, USA
| | - Mike Milovanovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA
| | - Thomas A Green
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA
| | - Marina E Wolf
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97212, USA.
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.
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González-Cota AL, Martínez-Flores D, Rosendo-Pineda MJ, Vaca L. NMDA receptor-mediated Ca 2+ signaling: Impact on cell cycle regulation and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Cell Calcium 2024; 119:102856. [PMID: 38408411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2024.102856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
NMDA receptors are Ca2+-permeable ligand-gated ion channels that mediate fast excitatory transmission in the central nervous system. NMDA receptors regulate the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells and also play critical roles in neural plasticity, memory, and learning. In addition to their physiological role, NMDA receptors are also involved in glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity, which results from excessive glutamate stimulation, leading to Ca2+ overload, and ultimately to neuronal death. Thus, NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxicity has been linked to several neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, dementia, and stroke. Interestingly, in addition to its effects on cell death, aberrant expression or activation of NMDA receptors is also involved in pathological cellular proliferation, and is implicated in the invasion and proliferation of various types of cancer. These disorders are thought to be related to the contribution of NMDA receptors to cell proliferation and cell death through cell cycle modulation. This review aims to discuss the evidence implicating NMDA receptor activity in cell cycle regulation and the link between aberrant NMDA receptor activity and the development of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer due to cell cycle dysregulation. The information presented here will provide insights into the signaling pathways and the contribution of NMDA receptors to these diseases, and suggests that NMDA receptors are promising targets for the prevention and treatment of these diseases, which are leading causes of death and disability worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L González-Cota
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniel Martínez-Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Margarita Jacaranda Rosendo-Pineda
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico
| | - Luis Vaca
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico.
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Bender PA, Chakraborty S, Durham RJ, Berka V, Carrillo E, Jayaraman V. Bi-directional allosteric pathway in NMDA receptor activation and modulation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589813. [PMID: 38659769 PMCID: PMC11042370 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are ionotropic glutamate receptors involved in learning and memory. NMDA receptors primarily comprise two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits. The GluN2 subunit dictates biophysical receptor properties, including the extent of receptor activation and desensitization. GluN2A- and GluN2D-containing receptors represent two functional extremes. To uncover the conformational basis of their functional divergence, we utilized single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer to probe the extracellular domains of these receptor subtypes under resting and ligand-bound conditions. We find that the conformational profile of the GluN2 amino-terminal domain correlates with the disparate functions of GluN2A- and GluN2D-containing receptors. Changes at the pre-transmembrane segments inversely correlate with those observed at the amino-terminal domain, confirming direct allosteric communication between these domains. Additionally, binding of a positive allosteric modulator at the transmembrane domain shifts the conformational profile of the amino-terminal domain towards the active state, revealing a bidirectional allosteric pathway between extracellular and transmembrane domains.
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Brunetti V, Soda T, Berra-Romani R, De Sarro G, Guerra G, Scarpellino G, Moccia F. Two Signaling Modes Are Better than One: Flux-Independent Signaling by Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors Is Coming of Age. Biomedicines 2024; 12:880. [PMID: 38672234 PMCID: PMC11048239 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Glutamatergic transmission can be mediated by ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), which mediate rapid synaptic depolarization that can be associated with Ca2+ entry and activity-dependent change in the strength of synaptic transmission, as well as by metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which mediate slower postsynaptic responses through the recruitment of second messenger systems. A wealth of evidence reported over the last three decades has shown that this dogmatic subdivision between iGluRs and mGluRs may not reflect the actual physiological signaling mode of the iGluRs, i.e., α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxasolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors (AMPAR), kainate receptors (KARs), and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs). Herein, we review the evidence available supporting the notion that the canonical iGluRs can recruit flux-independent signaling pathways not only in neurons, but also in brain astrocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Understanding the signaling versatility of iGluRs can exert a profound impact on our understanding of glutamatergic synapses. Furthermore, it may shed light on novel neuroprotective strategies against brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, 27110 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.S.); (G.D.S.)
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico;
| | - Giovambattista De Sarro
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine and Surgery, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (T.S.); (G.D.S.)
- System and Applied Pharmacology@University Magna Grecia, Science of Health Department, School of Medicine, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, 88110 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Germano Guerra
- Department of Medicine and Health Science “Vincenzo Tiberio”, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Scarpellino
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, 27110 Pavia, Italy; (V.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Department of Medicine and Health Science “Vincenzo Tiberio”, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
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Michalski K, Furukawa H. Structure and function of GluN1-3A NMDA receptor excitatory glycine receptor channel. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl5952. [PMID: 38598639 PMCID: PMC11006217 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl5952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and other ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) mediate most of the excitatory signaling in the mammalian brains in response to the neurotransmitter glutamate. Uniquely, NMDARs composed of GluN1 and GluN3 are activated exclusively by glycine, the neurotransmitter conventionally mediating inhibitory signaling when it binds to pentameric glycine receptors. The GluN1-3 NMDARs are vital for regulating neuronal excitability, circuit function, and specific behaviors, yet our understanding of their functional mechanism at the molecular level has remained limited. Here, we present cryo-electron microscopy structures of GluN1-3A NMDARs bound to an antagonist, CNQX, and an agonist, glycine. The structures show a 1-3-1-3 subunit heterotetrameric arrangement and an unprecedented pattern of GluN3A subunit orientation shift between the glycine-bound and CNQX-bound structures. Site-directed disruption of the unique subunit interface in the glycine-bound structure mitigated desensitization. Our study provides a foundation for understanding the distinct structural dynamics of GluN3 that are linked to the unique function of GluN1-3 NMDARs.
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Vogt K, Kulkarni A, Pandey R, Dehnad M, Konopka G, Greene R. Sleep need driven oscillation of glutamate synaptic phenotype. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.05.578985. [PMID: 38370691 PMCID: PMC10871195 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.05.578985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Sleep loss increases AMPA-synaptic strength and number in the neocortex. However, this is only part of the synaptic sleep loss response. We report increased AMPA/NMDA EPSC ratio in frontal-cortical pyramidal neurons of layers 2-3. Silent synapses are absent, decreasing the plastic potential to convert silent NMDA to active AMPA synapses. These sleep loss changes are recovered by sleep. Sleep genes are enriched for synaptic shaping cellular components controlling glutamate synapse phenotype, overlap with autism risk genes and are primarily observed in excitatory pyramidal neurons projecting intra-telencephalically. These genes are enriched with genes controlled by the transcription factor, MEF2c and its repressor, HDAC4. Thus, sleep genes under the influence of MEF2c and HDAC4, can provide a framework within which motor learning and training occurs mediated by sleep-dependent oscillation of glutamate-synaptic phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.E. Vogt
- International Institute of Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - A. Kulkarni
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - R. Pandey
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - M. Dehnad
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - G. Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - R.W. Greene
- International Institute of Integrative Sleep Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Department of Neuroscience, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Peter O’Donnell Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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12
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Karimi Tari P, Parsons CG, Collingridge GL, Rammes G. Memantine: Updating a rare success story in pro-cognitive therapeutics. Neuropharmacology 2024; 244:109737. [PMID: 37832633 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The great potential for NMDA receptor modulators as druggable targets in neurodegenerative disorders has been met with limited success. Considered one of the rare exceptions, memantine has consistently demonstrated restorative and prophylactic properties in many AD models. In clinical trials memantine slows the decline in cognitive performance associated with AD. Here, we provide an overview of the basic properties including pharmacological targets, toxicology and cellular effects of memantine. Evidence demonstrating reductions in molecular, physiological and behavioural indices of AD-like impairments associated with memantine treatment are also discussed. This represents both an extension and homage to Dr. Chris Parson's considerable contributions to our fundamental understanding of a success story in the AD treatment landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Karimi Tari
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Chris G Parsons
- Galimedix Therapeutics, Inc., 2704 Calvend Lane, Kensington, 20895, MD, USA
| | - Graham L Collingridge
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada; TANZ Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Gerhard Rammes
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine, 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
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13
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Weiler M, Stieger KC, Shroff K, Klein JP, Wood WH, Zhang Y, Chandrasekaran P, Lehrmann E, Camandola S, Long JM, Mattson MP, Becker KG, Rapp PR. Transcriptional changes in the rat brain induced by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1215291. [PMID: 38021223 PMCID: PMC10679736 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1215291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive technique that uses pulsed magnetic fields to affect the physiology of the brain and central nervous system. Repetitive TMS (rTMS) has been used to study and treat several neurological conditions, but its complex molecular basis is largely unexplored. Methods Utilizing three experimental rat models (in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo) and employing genome-wide microarray analysis, our study reveals the extensive impact of rTMS treatment on gene expression patterns. Results These effects are observed across various stimulation protocols, in diverse tissues, and are influenced by time and age. Notably, rTMS-induced alterations in gene expression span a wide range of biological pathways, such as glutamatergic, GABAergic, and anti-inflammatory pathways, ion channels, myelination, mitochondrial energetics, multiple neuron-and synapse-specific genes. Discussion This comprehensive transcriptional analysis induced by rTMS stimulation serves as a foundational characterization for subsequent experimental investigations and the exploration of potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Weiler
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin C. Stieger
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kavisha Shroff
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jessie P. Klein
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - William H. Wood
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Prabha Chandrasekaran
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Elin Lehrmann
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Simonetta Camandola
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Long
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark P. Mattson
- Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin G. Becker
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter R. Rapp
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
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14
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Zhou JS, Peng GF, Liang WD, Chen Z, Liu YY, Wang BY, Guo ML, Deng YL, Ye JM, Zhong ML, Wang LF. Recent advances in the study of anesthesia-and analgesia-related mechanisms of S-ketamine. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1228895. [PMID: 37781698 PMCID: PMC10539608 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1228895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Ketamine is a racemic mixture of equal amounts of R-ketamine and S-ketamine and is well known to anesthesiologists for its unique dissociative anesthetic properties. The pharmacological properties of ketamine, namely, its sympathetic excitation, mild respiratory depression, and potent analgesia, are still highly valued in its use as an anesthetic for some patients. In particular, since its advent, S-ketamine has been widely used as an anesthetic in many countries due to its increased affinity for NMDA receptors and its enhanced anesthetic and analgesic effects. However, the anesthetic and analgesic mechanisms of S-ketamine are not fully understood. In addition to antagonizing NMDA receptors, a variety of other receptors or channels may be involved, but there are no relevant mechanistic summaries in the literature. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to review the mechanisms of action of S-ketamine on relevant receptors and systems in the body that result in its pharmacological properties, such as anesthesia and analgesia, with the aim of providing a reference for its clinical applications and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-shun Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Guan-fa Peng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wei-dong Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ying-ying Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Bing-yu Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Ming-ling Guo
- The First Clinical Medical College of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yun-ling Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Jun-ming Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mao-lin Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou, China
| | - Li-feng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou, China
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15
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Verhaeghe R, Elía-Zudaire O, Escamilla S, Sáez-Valero J, Pérez-Otaño I. No evidence for cognitive decline or neurodegeneration in strain-matched Grin3a knockout mice. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4264-4266. [PMID: 37483152 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) dysregulation is thought to contribute to impaired cognition and neurodegeneration in a variety of brain disorders. In a recent article, Zhong et al. proposed that deficiency of the NMDAR subunit GluN3A may be a primary pathogenic factor in sporadic Alzheimer´s disease (AD) based on evidence for degenerative excitotoxicity and cognitive impairment in aging mice lacking GluN3A. Because the result appeared to be at odds with earlier work where genetic GluN3A deletion enhanced learning in younger mice, we have now compared wild-type and GluN3A knockout mice at later life stages using a congenic mouse strain. Rather than age-dependent cognitive decline or neurodegeneration, we find that the enhanced performance of young adult GluN3A knockouts in memory tasks persists during aging. In sum, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that GluN3A loss underlies cognitive impairment in AD..
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Affiliation(s)
- Remy Verhaeghe
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Spanish Research Council and University Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Oscar Elía-Zudaire
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Spanish Research Council and University Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Sergio Escamilla
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Spanish Research Council and University Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Spanish Research Council and University Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), San Juan de Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain
| | - Isabel Pérez-Otaño
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Spanish Research Council and University Miguel Hernández (CSIC-UMH), San Juan de Alicante, Spain
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16
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Zhou C, Tajima N. Structural insights into NMDA receptor pharmacology. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:1713-1731. [PMID: 37431773 PMCID: PMC10586783 DOI: 10.1042/bst20230122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) comprise a subfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors that form heterotetrameric ligand-gated ion channels and play fundamental roles in neuronal processes such as synaptic signaling and plasticity. Given their critical roles in brain function and their therapeutic importance, enormous research efforts have been devoted to elucidating the structure and function of these receptors and developing novel therapeutics. Recent studies have resolved the structures of NMDARs in multiple functional states, and have revealed the detailed gating mechanism, which was found to be distinct from that of other ionotropic glutamate receptors. This review provides a brief overview of the recent progress in understanding the structures of NMDARs and the mechanisms underlying their function, focusing on subtype-specific, ligand-induced conformational dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, U.S.A
| | - Nami Tajima
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, U.S.A
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17
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Yang L, Liu H, Wang E, Liu H, Liu H, Zhou L, Deng T, Pan X, Hu Z, Yang X. Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel 1-phenyl-pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolin-3-one derivatives as antagonists for the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115624. [PMID: 37423124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
A new series of 1-phenyl-pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolin-3-one derivatives were designed, synthesized and demonstrated to act as antagonists for the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor. These new derivatives protected PC12 cells against NMDA-induced injury and cell apoptosis in vitro, among which compound 13b exhibited excellent cytoneuroprotective potency and shown a dose-dependent prevention. The increased intracellular Ca2+ influx caused by NMDA in PC12 cells was reversed when pretreated with compound 13b. Furthermore, the interaction between compound 13b and the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor was validated via MST assay. It was observed that the stereochemistry of compound 13b did not influence the binding affinity, which was consistent with the neuroprotective result. Molecular docking study confirmed the observed activity of compound 13b by virtue of their Pi-stacking, cation-Pi, H-bonding and Pi-electron interactions with the key amino acids in the glycine binding pocket. These results confirm the potential of 1-phenyl-pyrrolo[1,2-b]isoquinolin-3-one derivatives as neuroprotective agents targeting the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishou Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Huadan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Enhua Wang
- Department of Medicine and Food, Guizhou Vocational College of Agriculture, Guiyang, 550041, PR China
| | - Huanhuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Hongshi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Lang Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Tingfei Deng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Xiong Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Zhanxing Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China
| | - Xiaosheng Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, PR China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, PR China.
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18
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Yu SP, Jiang MQ, Shim SS, Pourkhodadad S, Wei L. Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in acute and chronic excitotoxicity: implications for preventive treatments of ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2023; 18:43. [PMID: 37400870 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-023-00636-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) are risk factors for each other; the comorbidity of these brain disorders in aging individuals represents a significant challenge in basic research and clinical practice. The similarities and differences between stroke and AD in terms of pathogenesis and pathophysiology, however, have rarely been comparably reviewed. Here, we discuss the research background and recent progresses that are important and informative for the comorbidity of stroke and late-onset AD and related dementia (ADRD). Glutamatergic NMDA receptor (NMDAR) activity and NMDAR-mediated Ca2+ influx are essential for neuronal function and cell survival. An ischemic insult, however, can cause rapid increases in glutamate concentration and excessive activation of NMDARs, leading to swift Ca2+ overload in neuronal cells and acute excitotoxicity within hours and days. On the other hand, mild upregulation of NMDAR activity, commonly seen in AD animal models and patients, is not immediately cytotoxic. Sustained NMDAR hyperactivity and Ca2+ dysregulation lasting from months to years, nevertheless, can be pathogenic for slowly evolving events, i.e. degenerative excitotoxicity, in the development of AD/ADRD. Specifically, Ca2+ influx mediated by extrasynaptic NMDARs (eNMDARs) and a downstream pathway mediated by transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member (TRPM) are primarily responsible for excitotoxicity. On the other hand, the NMDAR subunit GluN3A plays a "gatekeeper" role in NMDAR activity and a neuroprotective role against both acute and chronic excitotoxicity. Thus, ischemic stroke and AD share an NMDAR- and Ca2+-mediated pathogenic mechanism that provides a common receptor target for preventive and possibly disease-modifying therapies. Memantine (MEM) preferentially blocks eNMDARs and was approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for symptomatic treatment of moderate-to-severe AD with variable efficacy. According to the pathogenic role of eNMDARs, it is conceivable that MEM and other eNMDAR antagonists should be administered much earlier, preferably during the presymptomatic phases of AD/ADRD. This anti-AD treatment could simultaneously serve as a preconditioning strategy against stroke that attacks ≥ 50% of AD patients. Future research on the regulation of NMDARs, enduring control of eNMDARs, Ca2+ homeostasis, and downstream events will provide a promising opportunity to understand and treat the comorbidity of AD/ADRD and stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan P Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
| | - Michael Q Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Seong S Shim
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Soheila Pourkhodadad
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Center for Visual & Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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19
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Zhang M, Kong X, Chen J, Liu W, Liu C, Dou X, Jiang L, Luo Y, Song M, Miao P, Tang Y, Xiu Y. Dysfunction of GluN3A subunit is involved in depression-like behaviors through synaptic deficits. J Affect Disord 2023; 332:72-82. [PMID: 36997126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. However, as the unique inhibitory subunit of NMDARs, the role of GluN3A in depression is largely unclear. METHODS Firstly, expression of GluN3A was examined in a mouse model of depression induced by chronic restraint stress (CRS). Then, rescue experiment with rAAV-Grin3a injection into hippocampus of CRS mice was carried out. Lastly, GluN3A knockout (KO) mouse was generated via CRISPR/Cas9 technique, and the molecular mechanism underlying involvement of GluN3A in depression was initially explored using RNA-seq technique, RT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS GluN3A expression in hippocampus was significantly decreased in CRS mice. Depression-like behaviors induced by CRS were ameliorated when the decrease of GluN3A expression in mice exposed to CRS was restored. GluN3A KO mice exhibited symptoms of anhedonia reported as reduced sucrose preference, and symptoms of despair assayed by a longer immobility time in FST. Transcriptome analysis revealed genetic ablation of GluN3A was associated with downregulation of genes implicated in synapse and axon development. Postsynaptic protein PSD95 was decreased in GluN3A KO mice. More importantly, reduction of PSD95 in CRS mice can be rescued by viral mediated Grin3a re-expression. LIMITATIONS The mechanism underlying GluN3A involvement in depression is not fully determined. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggested that GluN3A dysfunction is involved in depression, which might be mediated by synaptic deficits. These findings will facilitate the understanding of the role of GluN3A in depression, and they might provide a new strategy for the development of subunit-selective NMDAR antagonists as antidepressant drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhang
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiangru Kong
- Department of Pediatric Surgical Oncology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wenqin Liu
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Can Liu
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Dou
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Lab Teaching Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yanmin Luo
- Department of Physiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Mingrui Song
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Peng Miao
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yong Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Yun Xiu
- Molecular Medicine Diagnostic and Testing Center, Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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20
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Rouzbeh N, Rau AR, Benton AJ, Yi F, Anderson CM, Johns MR, Jensen L, Lotti JS, Holley DC, Hansen KB. Allosteric modulation of GluN1/GluN3 NMDA receptors by GluN1-selective competitive antagonists. J Gen Physiol 2023; 155:e202313340. [PMID: 37078900 PMCID: PMC10125900 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202313340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
NMDA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors are critical for normal brain function and are implicated in central nervous system disorders. Structure and function of NMDA receptors composed of GluN1 and GluN3 subunits are less understood compared to those composed of GluN1 and GluN2 subunits. GluN1/3 receptors display unusual activation properties in which binding of glycine to GluN1 elicits strong desensitization, while glycine binding to GluN3 alone is sufficient for activation. Here, we explore mechanisms by which GluN1-selective competitive antagonists, CGP-78608 and L-689,560, potentiate GluN1/3A and GluN1/3B receptors by preventing glycine binding to GluN1. We show that both CGP-78608 and L-689,560 prevent desensitization of GluN1/3 receptors, but CGP-78608-bound receptors display higher glycine potency and efficacy at GluN3 subunits compared to L-689,560-bound receptors. Furthermore, we demonstrate that L-689,560 is a potent antagonist of GluN1FA+TL/3A receptors, which are mutated to abolish glycine binding to GluN1, and that this inhibition is mediated by a non-competitive mechanism involving binding to the mutated GluN1 agonist binding domain (ABD) to negatively modulate glycine potency at GluN3A. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that CGP-78608 and L-689,560 binding or mutations in the GluN1 glycine binding site promote distinct conformations of the GluN1 ABD, suggesting that the GluN1 ABD conformation influences agonist potency and efficacy at GluN3 subunits. These results uncover the mechanism that enables activation of native GluN1/3A receptors by application of glycine in the presence of CGP-78608, but not L-689,560, and demonstrate strong intra-subunit allosteric interactions in GluN1/3 receptors that may be relevant to neuronal signaling in brain function and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirvan Rouzbeh
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Andrew R. Rau
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Avery J. Benton
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Feng Yi
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Carly M. Anderson
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Mia R. Johns
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Loren Jensen
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - James S. Lotti
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - David C. Holley
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Kasper B. Hansen
- Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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21
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González-González IM, Gray JA, Ferreira J, Conde-Dusman MJ, Bouchet D, Perez-Otaño I, Groc L. GluN3A subunit tunes NMDA receptor synaptic trafficking and content during postnatal brain development. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112477. [PMID: 37149869 PMCID: PMC11189104 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling via N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) is critical for the maturation of glutamatergic synapses, partly through a developmental switch from immature synapses expressing primarily GluN2B- and GluN3A-containing subtypes to GluN2A-rich mature ones. This subunit switch is thought to underlie the synaptic stabilization of NMDARs necessary for neural network consolidation. However, the cellular mechanisms controlling the NMDAR exchange remain unclear. Using a combination of single-molecule and confocal imaging and biochemical and electrophysiological approaches, we show that surface GluN3A-NMDARs form a highly diffusive receptor pool that is loosely anchored to synapses. Remarkably, changes in GluN3A subunit expression selectively alter the surface diffusion and synaptic anchoring of GluN2A- but not GluN2B-NMDARs, possibly through altered interactions with cell surface receptors. The effects of GluN3A on NMDAR surface diffusion are restricted to an early time window of postnatal development in rodents, allowing GluN3A subunits to control the timing of NMDAR signaling maturation and neuronal network refinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada M González-González
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA) and Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - John A Gray
- Department of Neurology, Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Joana Ferreira
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - María Jose Conde-Dusman
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA) and Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Cellular and Systems Biology, Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC-UMH, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain
| | - Delphine Bouchet
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Isabel Perez-Otaño
- Cellular Neurobiology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA) and Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Cellular and Systems Biology, Instituto de Neurociencias, CSIC-UMH, 03550 San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
| | - Laurent Groc
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience (IINS), UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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22
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Bossi S, Pizzamiglio L, Paoletti P. Excitatory GluN1/GluN3A glycine receptors (eGlyRs) in brain signaling. Trends Neurosci 2023:S0166-2236(23)00127-3. [PMID: 37248111 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
GluN3A is a glycine-binding subunit belonging to the NMDA receptor (NMDAR) family that can assemble with GluN1 subunits to form unconventional NMDARs insensitive to glutamate and activated by glycine only. The existence of such excitatory glycine receptors (eGlyRs) in the central nervous system (CNS) has long remained elusive. Recently, eGlyRs have been identified in specific brain regions, where they represent a novel neuronal signaling modality by which extracellular glycine tunes neuronal excitability, circuit function, and behavior. In this review, we summarize the emerging knowledge regarding these underappreciated receptors. The existence of eGlyRs reshapes current understanding of NMDAR diversity and of glycinergic signaling, previously thought to be primarily inhibitory. Given that GluN3A expression is concentrated in brain regions regulating emotional responses, eGlyRs are potential new targets of therapeutic interest in neuropsychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Bossi
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Lara Pizzamiglio
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Paoletti
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS, INSERM, F-75005 Paris, France.
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23
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Dupuis JP, Nicole O, Groc L. NMDA receptor functions in health and disease: Old actor, new dimensions. Neuron 2023:S0896-6273(23)00344-6. [PMID: 37236178 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
N-Methyl-D-aspartate ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) play key roles in synaptogenesis, synaptic maturation, long-term plasticity, neuronal network activity, and cognition. Mirroring this wide range of instrumental functions, abnormalities in NMDAR-mediated signaling have been associated with numerous neurological and psychiatric disorders. Thus, identifying the molecular mechanisms underpinning the physiological and pathological contributions of NMDAR has been a major area of investigation. Over the past decades, a large body of literature has flourished, revealing that the physiology of ionotropic glutamate receptors cannot be restricted to fluxing ions, and involves additional facets controlling synaptic transmissions in health and disease. Here, we review newly discovered dimensions of postsynaptic NMDAR signaling supporting neural plasticity and cognition, such as the nanoscale organization of NMDAR complexes, their activity-dependent redistributions, and non-ionotropic signaling capacities. We also discuss how dysregulations of these processes may directly contribute to NMDAR-dysfunction-related brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien P Dupuis
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Nicole
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurent Groc
- University of Bordeaux, CNRS, IINS, UMR 5297, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
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24
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Osorio N, Martineau M, Fortea M, Rouget C, Penalba V, Lee CJ, Boesmans W, Rolli-Derkinderen M, Patel AV, Mondielli G, Conrod S, Labat-Gest V, Papin A, Sasabe J, Sweedler JV, Vanden Berghe P, Delmas P, Mothet JP. d-Serine agonism of GluN1-GluN3 NMDA receptors regulates the activity of enteric neurons and coordinates gut motility. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.04.19.537136. [PMID: 37131687 PMCID: PMC10153202 DOI: 10.1101/2023.04.19.537136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The enteric nervous system (ENS) is a complex network of diverse molecularly defined classes of neurons embedded in the gastrointestinal wall and responsible for controlling the major functions of the gut. As in the central nervous system, the vast array of ENS neurons is interconnected by chemical synapses. Despite several studies reporting the expression of ionotropic glutamate receptors in the ENS, their roles in the gut remain elusive. Here, by using an array of immunohistochemistry, molecular profiling and functional assays, we uncover a new role for d-serine (d-Ser) and non-conventional GluN1-GluN3 N-methyl d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in regulating ENS functions. We demonstrate that d-Ser is produced by serine racemase (SR) expressed in enteric neurons. By using both in situ patch clamp recording and calcium imaging, we show that d-Ser alone acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the ENS independently of the conventional GluN1-GluN2 NMDARs. Instead, d-Ser directly gates the non-conventional GluN1-GluN3 NMDARs in enteric neurons from both mouse and guinea-pig. Pharmacological inhibition or potentiation of GluN1-GluN3 NMDARs had opposite effects on mouse colonic motor activities, while genetically driven loss of SR impairs gut transit and fluid content of pellet output. Our results demonstrate the existence of native GluN1-GluN3 NMDARs in enteric neurons and open new perspectives on the exploration of excitatory d-Ser receptors in gut function and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Osorio
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Marina Fortea
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Virginie Penalba
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Cindy J. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Werend Boesmans
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Amit V. Patel
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Grégoire Mondielli
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Sandrine Conrod
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Amandine Papin
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
| | - Jumpei Sasabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Pieter Vanden Berghe
- Laboratory for Enteric NeuroScience (LENS), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Delmas
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (LNC), Aix-Marseille-Université, CNRS, UMR 7291, Marseille, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Mothet
- Neurocentre Magendie, INSERM UMR U862, Bordeaux, France
- Centre de Recherche en Neurophysiologie et Neuroscience de Marseille, UMR 7286, CNRS, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, École Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, CentraleSupélec, LuMIn UMR9024, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
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25
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Piniella D, Zafra F. Functional crosstalk of the glycine transporter GlyT1 and NMDA receptors. Neuropharmacology 2023; 232:109514. [PMID: 37003571 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) constitute one of the main glutamate (Glu) targets in the central nervous system and are involved in synaptic plasticity, which is the molecular substrate of learning and memory. Hypofunction of NMDARs has been associated with schizophrenia, while overstimulation causes neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases or in stroke. The function of NMDARs requires coincidental binding of Glu along with other cellular signals such as neuronal depolarization, and the presence of other endogenous ligands that modulate their activity by allosterism. Among these allosteric modulators are zinc, protons and Gly, which is an obligatory co-agonist. These characteristics differentiate NMDARs from other receptors, and their structural bases have begun to be established in recent years. In this review we focus on the crosstalk between Glu and glycine (Gly), whose concentration in the NMDAR microenvironment is maintained by various Gly transporters that remove or release it into the medium in a regulated manner. The GlyT1 transporter is particularly involved in this task, and has become a target of great interest for the treatment of schizophrenia since its inhibition leads to an increase in synaptic Gly levels that enhances the activity of NMDARs. However, the only drug that has completed phase III clinical trials did not yield the expected results. Notwithstanding, there are additional drugs that continue to be investigated, and it is hoped that knowledge gained from the recently published 3D structure of GlyT1 may allow the rational design of more effective new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Piniella
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPAZ, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
| | - Francisco Zafra
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Facultad de Ciencias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; IdiPAZ, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain.
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26
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Quantitative analysis of NMDA receptor subunits proteins in mouse brain. Neurochem Int 2023; 165:105517. [PMID: 36913980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) are tetrameric channel complex composed of two subunits of GluN1, which is encoded by a single gene and diversified by alternative splicing, and two subunits from four subtypes of GluN2, leading to various combinations of subunits and channel specificities. However, there is no comprehensive quantitative analysis of GluN subunit proteins for relative comparison, and their compositional ratios at various regions and developmental stages have not been clarified. Here we prepared six chimeric subunits, by fusing an N-terminal side of the GluA1 subunit with a C-terminal side of each of two splicing isoforms of GluN1 subunit and four GluN2 subunits, with which titers of respective NMDAR subunit antibodies could be standardized using common GluA1 antibody, thus enabling quantification of relative protein levels of each NMDAR subunit by western blotting. We determined relative protein amounts of NMDAR subunits in crude, membrane (P2) and microsomal fractions prepared from the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and cerebellum in adult mice. We also examined amount changes in the three brain regions during developmental stages. Their relative amounts in the cortical crude fraction were almost parallel to those of mRNA expression, except for some subunits. Interestingly, a considerable amount of GluN2D protein existed in adult brains, although its transcription level declines after early postnatal stages. GluN1 was larger in quantity than GluN2 in the crude fraction, whereas GluN2 increased in the membrane component-enriched P2 fraction, except in the cerebellum. These data will provide the basic spatio-temporal information on the amount and composition of NMDARs.
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27
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Funke JR, Hwang EK, Wunsch AM, Baker R, Engeln KA, Murray CH, Milovanovic M, Caccamise AJ, Wolf ME. Persistent Neuroadaptations in the Nucleus Accumbens Core Accompany Incubation of Methamphetamine Craving in Male and Female Rats. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0480-22.2023. [PMID: 36792361 PMCID: PMC10016192 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0480-22.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Relapse is a major problem in treating methamphetamine use disorder. "Incubation of craving" during abstinence is a rat model for persistence of vulnerability to craving and relapse. While methamphetamine incubation has previously been demonstrated in male and female rats, it has not been demonstrated after withdrawal periods greater than 51 d and most mechanistic work used males. Here, we address both gaps. First, although methamphetamine intake was higher in males during self-administration training (6 h/d × 10 d), incubation was similar in males and females, with "incubated" craving persisting through withdrawal day (WD)100. Second, using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) core, we assessed synaptic levels of calcium-permeable AMPA receptors (CP-AMPARs), as their elevation is required for expression of incubation in males. In both sexes, compared with saline-self-administering controls, CP-AMPAR levels were significantly higher in methamphetamine rats across withdrawal, although this was less pronounced in WD100-135 rats than WD15-35 or WD40-75 methamphetamine rats. We also examined membrane properties and NMDA receptor (NMDAR) transmission. In saline controls, MSNs from males exhibited lower excitability than females. This difference was eliminated after incubation because of increased excitability of MSNs from males. NMDAR transmission did not differ between sexes and was not altered after incubation. In conclusion, incubation persists for longer than previously described and equally persistent CP-AMPAR plasticity in NAc core occurs in both sexes. Thus, abstinence-related synaptic plasticity in NAc is similar in males and females although other methamphetamine-related behaviors and neuroadaptations show differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Funke
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
| | - Eun-Kyung Hwang
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
| | - Amanda M Wunsch
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Raines Baker
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
| | - Kimberley A Engeln
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
| | - Conor H Murray
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Mike Milovanovic
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Aaron J Caccamise
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Marina E Wolf
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97212
- Department of Neuroscience, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064
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28
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Soda T, Brunetti V, Berra-Romani R, Moccia F. The Emerging Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptors in the Cardiovascular System: Physiological Implications, Pathological Consequences, and Therapeutic Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043914. [PMID: 36835323 PMCID: PMC9965111 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are ligand-gated ion channels that are activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, mediate the slow component of excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system (CNS), and induce long-term changes in synaptic plasticity. NMDARs are non-selective cation channels that allow the influx of extracellular Na+ and Ca2+ and control cellular activity via both membrane depolarization and an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration. The distribution, structure, and role of neuronal NMDARs have been extensively investigated and it is now known that they also regulate crucial functions in the non-neuronal cellular component of the CNS, i.e., astrocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells. In addition, NMDARs are expressed in multiple peripheral organs, including heart and systemic and pulmonary circulations. Herein, we survey the most recent information available regarding the distribution and function of NMDARs within the cardiovascular system. We describe the involvement of NMDARs in the modulation of heart rate and cardiac rhythm, in the regulation of arterial blood pressure, in the regulation of cerebral blood flow, and in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. In parallel, we describe how enhanced NMDAR activity could promote ventricular arrhythmias, heart failure, pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH), and BBB dysfunction. Targeting NMDARs could represent an unexpected pharmacological strategy to reduce the growing burden of several life-threatening cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Soda
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Valentina Brunetti
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72410, Mexico
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0382-987613
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29
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Dionisi C, Chazalon M, Rai M, Keime C, Imbault V, Communi D, Puccio H, Schiffmann SN, Pandolfo M. Proprioceptors-enriched neuronal cultures from induced pluripotent stem cells from Friedreich ataxia patients show altered transcriptomic and proteomic profiles, abnormal neurite extension, and impaired electrophysiological properties. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad007. [PMID: 36865673 PMCID: PMC9972525 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Friedreich ataxia is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder with prominent neurological manifestations and cardiac involvement. The disease is caused by large GAA expansions in the first intron of the FXN gene, encoding the mitochondrial protein frataxin, resulting in downregulation of gene expression and reduced synthesis of frataxin. The selective loss of proprioceptive neurons is a hallmark of Friedreich ataxia, but the cause of the specific vulnerability of these cells is still unknown. We herein perform an in vitro characterization of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neuronal cultures highly enriched for primary proprioceptive neurons. We employ neurons differentiated from healthy donors, Friedreich ataxia patients and Friedreich ataxia sibling isogenic control lines. The analysis of the transcriptomic and proteomic profile suggests an impairment of cytoskeleton organization at the growth cone, neurite extension and, at later stages of maturation, synaptic plasticity. Alterations in the spiking profile of tonic neurons are also observed at the electrophysiological analysis of mature neurons. Despite the reversal of the repressive epigenetic state at the FXN locus and the restoration of FXN expression, isogenic control neurons retain many features of Friedreich ataxia neurons. Our study suggests the existence of abnormalities affecting proprioceptors in Friedreich ataxia, particularly their ability to extend towards their targets and transmit proper synaptic signals. It also highlights the need for further investigations to better understand the mechanistic link between FXN silencing and proprioceptive degeneration in Friedreich ataxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Myriam Rai
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Céline Keime
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire UMR 7104 CNRS-UdS / INSERM U1258, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Imbault
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - David Communi
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hélène Puccio
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire UMR 7104 CNRS-UdS / INSERM U1258, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, Strasbourg, France,Institut NeuroMyoGene (INMG) UMR5310—INSERM U1217, Faculté de Médecine, Université Claude Bernard—Lyon I, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Serge N Schiffmann
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, ULB-Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Massimo Pandolfo
- Correspondence to: Massimo Pandolfo Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University, Montreal Neurological Institute 3801 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada E-mail:
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30
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Raus AM, Fuller TD, Nelson NE, Valientes DA, Bayat A, Ivy AS. Early-life exercise primes the murine neural epigenome to facilitate gene expression and hippocampal memory consolidation. Commun Biol 2023; 6:18. [PMID: 36611093 PMCID: PMC9825372 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04393-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aerobic exercise is well known to promote neuroplasticity and hippocampal memory. In the developing brain, early-life exercise (ELE) can lead to persistent improvements in hippocampal function, yet molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon have not been fully explored. In this study, transgenic mice harboring the "NuTRAP" (Nuclear tagging and Translating Ribosome Affinity Purification) cassette in Emx1 expressing neurons ("Emx1-NuTRAP" mice) undergo ELE during adolescence. We then simultaneously isolate and sequence translating mRNA and nuclear chromatin from single hippocampal homogenates containing Emx1-expressing neurons. This approach allowed us to couple translatomic with epigenomic sequencing data to evaluate the influence of histone modifications H4K8ac and H3K27me3 on translating mRNA after ELE. A subset of ELE mice underwent a hippocampal learning task to determine the gene expression and epigenetic underpinnings of ELE's contribution to improved hippocampal memory performance. From this experiment, we discover gene expression - histone modification relationships that may play a critical role in facilitated memory after ELE. Our data reveal candidate gene-histone modification interactions and implicate gene regulatory pathways involved in ELE's impact on hippocampal memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony M Raus
- Physiology/Biophysics, Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Tyson D Fuller
- Pediatrics, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Nellie E Nelson
- Physiology/Biophysics, Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - David A Valientes
- Pediatrics, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Anita Bayat
- Pediatrics, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Autumn S Ivy
- Physiology/Biophysics, Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Pediatrics, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Neurobiology/Behavior, University of California- Irvine School of Biological Sciences, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Anatomy/Neurobiology, University of California- Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, CA, USA.
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital Orange County, Orange, CA, USA.
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31
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Chen H, Dong Y, Wu Y, Yi F. Targeting NMDA receptor signaling for therapeutic intervention in brain disorders. Rev Neurosci 2023:revneuro-2022-0096. [PMID: 36586105 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2022-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
N-Methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hyperfunction plays a key role in the pathological processes of depression and neurodegenerative diseases, whereas NMDA receptor hypofunction is implicated in schizophrenia. Considerable efforts have been made to target NMDA receptor function for the therapeutic intervention in those brain disorders. In this mini-review, we first discuss ion flux-dependent NMDA receptor signaling and ion flux-independent NMDA receptor signaling that result from structural rearrangement upon binding of endogenous agonists. Then, we review current strategies for exploring druggable targets of the NMDA receptor signaling and promising future directions, which are poised to result in new therapeutic agents for several brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yuanping Dong
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Yun Wu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
| | - Feng Yi
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P. R. China
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32
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Kolcheva M, Ladislav M, Netolicky J, Kortus S, Rehakova K, Krausova BH, Hemelikova K, Misiachna A, Kadkova A, Klima M, Chalupska D, Horak M. The pathogenic N650K variant in the GluN1 subunit regulates the trafficking, conductance, and pharmacological properties of NMDA receptors. Neuropharmacology 2023; 222:109297. [PMID: 36341805 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) play an essential role in excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian brain, and their physiological importance is underscored by the large number of pathogenic mutations that have been identified in the receptor's GluN subunits and associated with a wide range of diseases and disorders. Here, we characterized the functional and pharmacological effects of the pathogenic N650K variant in the GluN1 subunit, which is associated with developmental delay and seizures. Our microscopy experiments showed that when expressed in HEK293 cells (from ATCC®), the GluN1-N650K subunit increases the surface expression of both GluN1/GluN2A and GluN1/GluN2B receptors, but not GluN1/GluN3A receptors, consistent with increased surface expression of the GluN1-N650K subunit expressed in hippocampal neurons (from embryonic day 18 of Wistar rats of both sexes). Using electrophysiology, we found that the GluN1-N650K variant increases the potency of GluN1/GluN2A receptors to both glutamate and glycine but decreases the receptor's conductance and open probability. In addition, the GluN1-N650K subunit does not form functional GluN1/GluN2B receptors but does form fully functional GluN1/GluN3A receptors. Moreover, in the presence of extracellular Mg2+, GluN1-N650K/GluN2A receptors have a similar and increased response to ketamine and memantine, respectively, while the effect of both drugs had markedly slower onset and offset compared to wild-type GluN1/GluN2A receptors. Finally, we found that expressing the GluN1-N650K subunit in hippocampal neurons reduces excitotoxicity, and memantine shows promising neuroprotective effects in neurons expressing either wild-type GluN1 or the GluN1-N650K subunit. This study provides the functional and pharmacological characterization of NMDARs containing the GluN1-N650K variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marharyta Kolcheva
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Ladislav
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Netolicky
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Albertov 6, 12843, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Stepan Kortus
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Rehakova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Hrcka Krausova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Hemelikova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Misiachna
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Kadkova
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Klima
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 542/2, P.O. Box:16000, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Dominika Chalupska
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo namesti 542/2, P.O. Box:16000, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Horak
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 14220, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Shinozaki Y, Leung A, Namekata K, Saitoh S, Nguyen HB, Takeda A, Danjo Y, Morizawa YM, Shigetomi E, Sano F, Yoshioka N, Takebayashi H, Ohno N, Segawa T, Miyake K, Kashiwagi K, Harada T, Ohnuma SI, Koizumi S. Astrocytic dysfunction induced by ABCA1 deficiency causes optic neuropathy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabq1081. [PMID: 36332025 PMCID: PMC9635836 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abq1081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Astrocyte abnormalities have received great attention for their association with various diseases in the brain but not so much in the eye. Recent independent genome-wide association studies of glaucoma, optic neuropathy characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration, and vision loss found that single-nucleotide polymorphisms near the ABCA1 locus were common risk factors. Here, we show that Abca1 loss in retinal astrocytes causes glaucoma-like optic neuropathy in aged mice. ABCA1 was highly expressed in retinal astrocytes in mice. Thus, we generated macroglia-specific Abca1-deficient mice (Glia-KO) and found that aged Glia-KO mice had RGC degeneration and ocular dysfunction without affected intraocular pressure, a conventional risk factor for glaucoma. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that Abca1 deficiency in aged Glia-KO mice caused astrocyte-triggered inflammation and increased the susceptibility of certain RGC clusters to excitotoxicity. Together, astrocytes play a pivotal role in eye diseases, and loss of ABCA1 in astrocytes causes glaucoma-like neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Shinozaki
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- GLIA Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Alex Leung
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kazuhiko Namekata
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sei Saitoh
- Section of Electron Microscopy, Supportive Center for Brain Research, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), Aichi, Japan
- Department of Anatomy II and Cell Biology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Huy Bang Nguyen
- Division of Neurobiology and Bioinformatics, NIPS, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy (UMP), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Akiko Takeda
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke Danjo
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yosuke M. Morizawa
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Eiji Shigetomi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- GLIA Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Sano
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Nozomu Yoshioka
- Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hirohide Takebayashi
- Division of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Ohno
- Division of Ultrastructural Research, NIPS, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Anatomy, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Segawa
- Center for Life Science Research, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kunio Miyake
- Department of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kashiwagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Harada
- Visual Research Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Ohnuma
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Schuichi Koizumi
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
- GLIA Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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34
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A role for endothelial NMDA receptors in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 249:63-73. [PMID: 33189520 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Numerous genetic and postmortem studies link N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction with schizophrenia, forming the basis of the popular glutamate hypothesis. Neuronal NMDAR abnormalities are consistently reported from both basic and clinical experiments, however, non-neuronal cells also contain NMDARs, and are rarely, if ever, considered in the discussion of glutamate action in schizophrenia. We offer an examination of recent discoveries elucidating the actions and consequences of NMDAR activation in the neuroendothelium. While there has been mixed literature regarding blood flow alterations in the schizophrenia brain, in this review, we posit that some common findings may be explained by neuroendothelial NMDAR dysfunction. In particular, we emphasize that endothelial NMDARs are key mediators of neurovascular coupling, where increased neuronal activity leads to increased blood flow. Based on the broad conclusions that hypoperfusion is a neuroanatomical finding in schizophrenia, we discuss potential mechanisms by which endothelial NMDARs contribute to this disorder. We propose that endothelial NMDAR dysfunction can be a primary cause of neurovascular abnormalities in schizophrenia. Importantly, functional MRI studies using BOLD signal as a proxy for neuron activity should be considered in a new light if neurovascular coupling is impaired in schizophrenia. This review is the first to propose that NMDARs in non-excitable cells play a role in schizophrenia.
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35
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Seillier C, Lesept F, Toutirais O, Potzeha F, Blanc M, Vivien D. Targeting NMDA Receptors at the Neurovascular Unit: Past and Future Treatments for Central Nervous System Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810336. [PMID: 36142247 PMCID: PMC9499580 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The excitatory neurotransmission of the central nervous system (CNS) mainly involves glutamate and its receptors, especially N-methyl-D-Aspartate receptors (NMDARs). These receptors have been extensively described on neurons and, more recently, also on other cell types. Nowadays, the study of their differential expression and function is taking a growing place in preclinical and clinical research. The diversity of NMDAR subtypes and their signaling pathways give rise to pleiotropic functions such as brain development, neuronal plasticity, maturation along with excitotoxicity, blood-brain barrier integrity, and inflammation. NMDARs have thus emerged as key targets for the treatment of neurological disorders. By their large extracellular regions and complex intracellular structures, NMDARs are modulated by a variety of endogenous and pharmacological compounds. Here, we will present an overview of NMDAR functions on neurons and other important cell types involved in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative, neurovascular, mental, autoimmune, and neurodevelopmental diseases. We will then discuss past and future development of NMDAR targeting drugs, including innovative and promising new approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Célia Seillier
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
| | - Flavie Lesept
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Olivier Toutirais
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
- Department of Immunology and Histocompatibility (HLA), Caen University Hospital, CHU, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Fanny Potzeha
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Manuel Blanc
- Lys Therapeutics, Cyceron, Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, INSERM, GIP Cyceron, Institute Blood and Brain @Caen-Normandie (BB@C), UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), 14000 Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen University Hospital, CHU, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence:
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36
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Meng Y, Shen HL. Role of N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor NR2B Subunit in Inflammatory Arthritis-Induced Chronic Pain and Peripheral Sensitized Neuropathic Pain: A Systematic Review. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2005-2013. [PMID: 35880050 PMCID: PMC9307865 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s367982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arthritis is a common clinical disease that affects millions of people in the world. The most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Inflammatory arthritis (IA), a chronic painful disease, is characterized by synovitis and cartilage destruction in the early stages. Pathologically, IA causes inflammatory changes in the joints and eventually leads to joint destruction. Pain is associated with inflammation and abnormal regulation of the nervous system pathways involved in pain promotion and inhibition. In addition, the occurrence of pain is associated with depression and anxiety. We found that there are many factors affecting pain, in addition to inflammatory factors, glutamate receptor may be the possible cause of long-term chronic pain caused by IA. N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor subunit 2B (NR2B) has been reported to involved in IA and nervous system diseases, especially peripheral neuropathic pain. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of the NR2B subunit of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor in peripheral nerve sensitization during IA and chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Meng
- Department of Pain, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Li Shen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
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37
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Benske TM, Mu TW, Wang YJ. Protein quality control of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:907560. [PMID: 35936491 PMCID: PMC9352929 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.907560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are glutamate-gated cation channels that mediate excitatory neurotransmission and are critical for synaptic development and plasticity in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). Functional NMDARs typically form via the heterotetrameric assembly of GluN1 and GluN2 subunits. Variants within GRIN genes are implicated in various neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. Due to the significance of NMDAR subunit composition for regional and developmental signaling at synapses, properly folded receptors must reach the plasma membrane for their function. This review focuses on the protein quality control of NMDARs. Specifically, we review the quality control mechanisms that ensure receptors are correctly folded and assembled within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and trafficked to the plasma membrane. Further, we discuss disease-associated variants that have shown disrupted NMDAR surface expression and function. Finally, we discuss potential targeted pharmacological and therapeutic approaches to ameliorate disease phenotypes by enhancing the expression and surface trafficking of subunits harboring disease-associated variants, thereby increasing their incorporation into functional receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ting-Wei Mu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ya-Juan Wang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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38
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Zeng Y, Zheng Y, Zhang T, Ye F, Zhan L, Kou Z, Zhu S, Gao Z. Identification of a Subtype-Selective Allosteric Inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 NMDA Receptors. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:888308. [PMID: 35754487 PMCID: PMC9218946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.888308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) are Ca2+-permeable ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) in the central nervous system and play important roles in neuronal development and synaptic plasticity. Conventional NMDARs, which typically comprise GluN1 and GluN2 subunits, have different biophysical properties than GluN3-containing NMDARs: GluN3-containing NMDARs have smaller unitary conductance, less Ca2+-permeability and lower Mg2+-sensitivity than those of conventional NMDARs. However, there are very few specific modulators for GluN3-containing NMDARs. Here, we developed a cell-based high-throughput calcium assay and identified 3-fluoro-1,2-phenylene bis (3-hydroxybenzoate) (WZB117) as a relatively selective inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 receptors. The IC50 value of WZB117 on GluN1/GluN3A receptors expressed in HEK-293 cells was 1.15 ± 0.34 μM. Consistently, WZB117 exhibited strong inhibitory activity against glycine-induced currents in the presence of CGP-78608 but only slightly affected the NMDA-, KA- and AMPA-induced currents in the acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons. Among the four types of endogenous currents, only the first one is primarily mediated by GluN1/GluN3 receptors. Mechanistic studies showed that WZB117 inhibited the GluN1/GluN3A receptors in a glycine-, voltage- and pH-independent manner, suggesting it is an allosteric modulator. Site-directed mutagenesis and chimera construction further revealed that WZB117 may act on the GluN3A pre-M1 region with key determinants different from those of previously identified modulators. Together, our study developed an efficient method to discover modulators of GluN3-containing NMDARs and characterized WZB117 as a novel allosteric inhibitor of GluN1/GluN3 receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zeng
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Zheng
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Ye
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhan
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengwei Kou
- State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shujia Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaobing Gao
- Center for Neurological and Psychiatric Research and Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,College of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Zhongshan Institute of Drug Discovery, Institution for Drug Discovery Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, China
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39
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GluN3A excitatory glycine receptors control adult cortical and amygdalar circuits. Neuron 2022; 110:2438-2454.e8. [PMID: 35700736 PMCID: PMC9365314 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
GluN3A is an atypical glycine-binding subunit of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) whose actions in the brain are mostly unknown. Here, we show that the expression of GluN3A subunits controls the excitability of mouse adult cortical and amygdalar circuits via an unusual signaling mechanism involving the formation of excitatory glycine GluN1/GluN3A receptors (eGlyRs) and their tonic activation by extracellular glycine. eGlyRs are mostly extrasynaptic and reside in specific neuronal populations, including the principal cells of the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and SST-positive interneurons (SST-INs) of the neocortex. In the BLA, tonic eGlyR currents are sensitive to fear-conditioning protocols, are subject to neuromodulation by the dopaminergic system, and control the stability of fear memories. In the neocortex, eGlyRs control the in vivo spiking of SST-INs and the behavior-dependent modulation of cortical activity. GluN3A-containing eGlyRs thus represent a novel and widespread signaling modality in the adult brain, with attributes that strikingly depart from those of conventional NMDARs. In mice, GluN3A is expressed by SST-INs in the cortex and pyramidal neurons in the BLA GluN3A assembles as excitatory glycine GluN1/GluN3A receptors (eGlyRs) eGlyRs detect extracellular glycine levels and generate tonic excitatory currents eGlyRs tune the function of SST-INs in cortex and alter the formation of fear memories in BLA
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40
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Memantine in the Prevention of Radiation-Induced Brain Damage: A Narrative Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112736. [PMID: 35681716 PMCID: PMC9179311 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Decline in cognitive function is a major problem for patients undergoing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Scientific interest has increased due to the high dropout rate of patients in the first months after WBRT and the early onset of cognitive decline. Therefore, the study of antiglutamatergic pharmacological prophylaxis and hippocampal-sparing WBRT techniques has been deepened based on the knowledge of the mechanisms of hyperglutamatergic neurotoxicity and the role of some hippocampal areas in cognitive decline. In order to provide a summary of the evidence in this field, and to foster future research in this setting, this literature review presents current evidence on the prevention of radiation-induced cognitive decline and particularly on the role of memantine. Abstract Preserving cognitive functions is a priority for most patients with brain metastases. Knowing the mechanisms of hyperglutamatergic neurotoxicity and the role of some hippocampal areas in cognitive decline (CD) led to testing both the antiglutamatergic pharmacological prophylaxis and hippocampal-sparing whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) techniques. These studies showed a relative reduction in CD four to six months after WBRT. However, the failure to achieve statistical significance in one study that tested memantine alone (RTOG 0614) led to widespread skepticism about this drug in the WBRT setting. Moreover, interest grew in the reasons for the strong patient dropout rates in the first few months after WBRT and for early CD onset. In fact, the latter can only partially be explained by subclinical tumor progression. An emerging interpretation of the (not only) cognitive impairment during and immediately after WBRT is the dysfunction of the limbic and hypothalamic system with its immune and hormonal consequences. This new understanding of WBRT-induced toxicity may represent the basis for further innovative trials. These studies should aim to: (i) evaluate in greater detail the cognitive effects and, more generally, the quality of life impairment during and immediately after WBRT; (ii) study the mechanisms producing these early effects; (iii) test in clinical studies, the modern and advanced WBRT techniques based on both hippocampal-sparing and hypothalamic-pituitary-sparing, currently evaluated only in planning studies; (iv) test new timings of antiglutamatergic drugs administration aimed at preventing not only late toxicity but also acute effects.
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41
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Jahan S, Redhu NS, Siddiqui AJ, Iqbal D, Khan J, Banawas S, Alaidarous M, Alshehri B, Mir SA, Adnan M, Pant AB. Nobiletin as a Neuroprotectant against NMDA Receptors: An In Silico Approach. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061123. [PMID: 35745697 PMCID: PMC9229780 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Excitotoxicity is a type of neurodegenerative disorder. It caused by excessive glutamate receptor activation, which leads to neuronal malfunction and fatality. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are found in glutamatergic neurons, and their excessive activation is primarily responsible for excitotoxicity. They are activated by both glutamate binding and postsynaptic depolarization, facilitating Ca2+ entry upon activation. Therefore, they are now widely acknowledged as being essential targets for excitotoxicity issues. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analyses have demonstrated that nobiletin efficiently targets the binding pocket of the NMDA receptor protein and exhibits stable dynamic behavior at the binding site. In this study, five potential neuroprotectants, nobiletin, silibinin, ononin, ginkgolide B, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), were screened against the glutamate NMDA receptors in humans via computational methods. An in silico ADMET study was also performed, to predict the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile for the expression of good drug-like behavior and a non-toxic nature. It was revealed that nobiletin fulfills the criteria for all of the drug-likeness rules (Veber, Lipinski, Ghose, Muegge, and Egan) and has neither PAINS nor structural alerts (Brenks). In conclusion, nobiletin demonstrated a possible promising neuroprotectant activities compared to other selected phytochemicals. Further, it can be evaluated in the laboratory for promising therapeutic approaches for in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Jahan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-500590133
| | - Neeru Singh Redhu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, Haryana, India;
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Danish Iqbal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Johra Khan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Saeed Banawas
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Mohammed Alaidarous
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Bader Alshehri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Shabir Ahmad Mir
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia; (D.I.); (J.K.); (S.B.); (M.A.); (B.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (M.A.)
| | - Aditya Bhushan Pant
- System Toxicology & Health Risk Assessment Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, P.O. Box No. 80, Lucknow 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India;
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42
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Zachlod D, Bludau S, Cichon S, Palomero-Gallagher N, Amunts K. Combined analysis of cytoarchitectonic, molecular and transcriptomic patterns reveal differences in brain organization across human functional brain systems. Neuroimage 2022; 257:119286. [PMID: 35597401 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain areas show specific cellular, molecular, and gene expression patterns that are linked to function, but their precise relationships are largely unknown. To unravel these structure-function relationships, a combined analysis of 53 neurotransmitter receptor genes, receptor densities of six transmitter systems and cytoarchitectonic data of the auditory, somatosensory, visual, motor systems was conducted. Besides covariation of areal gene expression with receptor density, the study reveals specific gene expression patterns in functional systems, which are most prominent for the inhibitory GABAA and excitatory glutamatergic NMDA receptors. Furthermore, gene expression-receptor relationships changed in a systematic manner according to information flow from primary to higher associative areas. The findings shed new light on the relationship of anatomical, functional, and molecular and transcriptomic principles of cortical segregation towards a more comprehensive understanding of human brain organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zachlod
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Bludau
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Sven Cichon
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Palomero-Gallagher
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen, and JARA - Translational Brain Medicine, Aachen, Germany
| | - Katrin Amunts
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany; C. & O. Vogt Institute for Brain Research, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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43
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Discrimination of motor and sensorimotor effects of phencyclidine and MK-801: Involvement of GluN2C-containing NMDA receptors in psychosis-like models. Neuropharmacology 2022; 213:109079. [PMID: 35561792 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Non-competitive NMDA receptor (NMDA-R) antagonists like ketamine, phencyclidine (PCP) and MK-801 are routinely used as pharmacological models of schizophrenia. However, the NMDA-R subtypes, neuronal types (e.g., GABA vs. glutamatergic neurons) and brain regions involved in psychotomimetic actions are not fully understood. PCP activates thalamo-cortical circuits after NMDA-R blockade in reticular thalamic GABAergic neurons. GluN2C subunits are densely expressed in thalamus and cerebellum. Therefore, we examined their involvement in the behavioral and functional effects elicited by PCP and MK-801 using GluN2C knockout (GluN2CKO) and wild-type mice, under the working hypothesis that psychotomimetic effects should be attenuated in mutant mice. PCP and MK-801 induced a disorganized and meandered hyperlocomotion in both genotypes. Interestingly, stereotyped behaviors like circling/rotation, rearings and ataxia signs were dramatically reduced in GluN2CKO mice, indicating a better motor coordination in absence of GluN2C subunits. In contrast, other motor or sensorimotor (pre-pulse inhibition of the startle response) aspects of the behavioral syndrome remained unaltered by GluN2C deletion. PCP and MK-801 evoked a general pattern of c-fos activation in mouse brain (including thalamo-cortical networks) but not in the cerebellum, where they markedly reduced c-fos expression, with significant genotype differences paralleling those in motor coordination. Finally, resting-state fMRI showed an enhanced cortico-thalamic-cerebellar connectivity in GluN2CKO mice, less affected by MK-801 than controls. Hence, the GluN2C subunit allows the dissection of the behavioral alterations induced by PCP and MK-801, showing that some motor effects (in particular, motor incoordination), but not deficits in sensorimotor gating, likely depend on GluN2C-containing NMDA-R blockade in cerebellar circuits.
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44
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Tremblay MW, Green MV, Goldstein BM, Aldridge AI, Rosenfeld JA, Streff H, Tan WD, Craigen W, Bekheirnia N, Al Tala S, West AE, Jiang YH. Mutations of the histone linker H1-4 in neurodevelopmental disorders and functional characterization of neurons expressing C-terminus frameshift mutant H1.4. Hum Mol Genet 2022; 31:1430-1442. [PMID: 34788807 PMCID: PMC9271223 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Rahman syndrome (RMNS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by mild to severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, anxiety, autism spectrum disorder, vision problems, bone abnormalities and dysmorphic facies. RMNS is caused by de novo heterozygous mutations in the histone linker gene H1-4; however, mechanisms underlying impaired neurodevelopment in RMNS are not understood. All reported mutations associated with RMNS in H1-4 are small insertions or deletions that create a shared frameshift, resulting in a H1.4 protein that is both truncated and possessing an abnormal C-terminus frameshifted tail (H1.4 CFT). To expand understanding of mutations and phenotypes associated with mutant H1-4, we identified new variants at both the C- and N-terminus of H1.4. The clinical features of mutations identified at the C-terminus are consistent with other reports and strengthen the support of pathogenicity of H1.4 CFT. To understand how H1.4 CFT may disrupt brain function, we exogenously expressed wild-type or H1.4 CFT protein in rat hippocampal neurons and assessed neuronal structure and function. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed ~ 400 genes altered in the presence of H1.4 CFT. Neuronal genes downregulated by H1.4 CFT were enriched for functional categories involved in synaptic communication and neuropeptide signaling. Neurons expressing H1.4 CFT also showed reduced neuronal activity on multielectrode arrays. These data are the first to characterize the transcriptional and functional consequence of H1.4 CFT in neurons. Our data provide insight into causes of neurodevelopmental impairments associated with frameshift mutations in the C-terminus of H1.4 and highlight the need for future studies on the function of histone H1.4 in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine W Tremblay
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - Matthew V Green
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | | | - Andrew I Aldridge
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
- Baylor Genetics Laboratories, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Haley Streff
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Wendy D Tan
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - William Craigen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Nasim Bekheirnia
- Department of Pediatrics, Renal section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston TX 77030, USA
| | - Saeed Al Tala
- Department of Pediatrics, Armed Forces Hospital SR, Khamis Mushayt 61961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anne E West
- University Program in Genetics and Genomics, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Durham NC 27710, USA
| | - Yong-hui Jiang
- Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520, USA
- Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520, USA
- Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven CT 06520, USA
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45
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Boccuni I, Fairless R. Retinal Glutamate Neurotransmission: From Physiology to Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Retinal Ganglion Cell Degeneration. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:638. [PMID: 35629305 PMCID: PMC9147752 DOI: 10.3390/life12050638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate neurotransmission and metabolism are finely modulated by the retinal network, where the efficient processing of visual information is shaped by the differential distribution and composition of glutamate receptors and transporters. However, disturbances in glutamate homeostasis can result in glutamate excitotoxicity, a major initiating factor of common neurodegenerative diseases. Within the retina, glutamate excitotoxicity can impair visual transmission by initiating degeneration of neuronal populations, including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The vulnerability of RGCs is observed not just as a result of retinal diseases but has also been ascribed to other common neurodegenerative and peripheral diseases. In this review, we describe the vulnerability of RGCs to glutamate excitotoxicity and the contribution of different glutamate receptors and transporters to this. In particular, we focus on the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor as the major effector of glutamate-induced mechanisms of neurodegeneration, including impairment of calcium homeostasis, changes in gene expression and signalling, and mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as the role of endoplasmic reticular stress. Due to recent developments in the search for modulators of NMDA receptor signalling, novel neuroprotective strategies may be on the horizon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Boccuni
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Richard Fairless
- Department of Neurology, University Clinic Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
- Clinical Cooperation Unit (CCU) Neurooncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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46
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Li Y, Cheng X, Liu X, Wang L, Ha J, Gao Z, He X, Wu Z, Chen A, Jewell LL, Sun Y. Treatment of Cerebral Ischemia Through NMDA Receptors: Metabotropic Signaling and Future Directions. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:831181. [PMID: 35264964 PMCID: PMC8900870 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.831181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive activation of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors after cerebral ischemia is a key cause of ischemic injury. For a long time, it was generally accepted that calcium influx is a necessary condition for ischemic injury mediated by NMDA receptors. However, recent studies have shown that NMDA receptor signaling, independent of ion flow, plays an important role in the regulation of ischemic brain injury. The purpose of this review is to better understand the roles of metabotropic NMDA receptor signaling in cerebral ischemia and to discuss the research and development directions of NMDA receptor antagonists against cerebral ischemia. This mini review provides a discussion on how metabotropic transduction is mediated by the NMDA receptor, related signaling molecules, and roles of metabotropic NMDA receptor signaling in cerebral ischemia. In view of the important roles of metabotropic signaling in cerebral ischemia, NMDA receptor antagonists, such as GluN2B-selective antagonists, which can effectively block both pro-death metabotropic and pro-death ionotropic signaling, may have better application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaokun Cheng
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa.,Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China.,New Drug Research & Development Co., Ltd., North China Pharmaceutical Group Corporation, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinying Liu
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei Chemical & Pharmaceutical College, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Technological Innovation Center of Chiral Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jing Ha
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaoliang He
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhuo Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aibing Chen
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Linda L Jewell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China.,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base-Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drug, Shijiazhuang, China
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47
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Park DK, Stein IS, Zito K. Ion flux-independent NMDA receptor signaling. Neuropharmacology 2022; 210:109019. [PMID: 35278420 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
NMDA receptors play vital roles in a broad array of essential brain functions, from synaptic transmission and plasticity to learning and memory. Historically, the fundamental roles of NMDARs were attributed to their specialized properties of ion flux. More recently, it has become clear that NMDARs also signal in an ion flux-independent manner. Here, we review these non-ionotropic NMDAR signaling mechanisms that have been reported to contribute to a broad array of neuronal functions and dysfunctions including synaptic transmission and plasticity, cell death and survival, and neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah K Park
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - Ivar S Stein
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618, USA
| | - Karen Zito
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618, USA.
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48
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Hess EM, Riggs LM, Michaelides M, Gould TD. Mechanisms of ketamine and its metabolites as antidepressants. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 197:114892. [PMID: 34968492 PMCID: PMC8883502 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Treating major depression is a medical need that remains unmet by monoaminergic therapeutic strategies that commonly fail to achieve symptom remission. A breakthrough in the treatment of depression was the discovery that the anesthetic (R,S)-ketamine (ketamine), when administered at sub-anesthetic doses, elicits rapid (sometimes within hours) antidepressant effects in humans that are otherwise resistant to monoaminergic-acting therapies. While this finding was revolutionary and led to the FDA approval of (S)-ketamine (esketamine) for use in adults with treatment-resistant depression and suicidal ideation, the mechanisms underlying how ketamine or esketamine elicit their effects are still under active investigation. An emerging view is that metabolism of ketamine may be a crucial step in its mechanism of action, as several metabolites of ketamine have neuroactive effects of their own and may be leveraged as therapeutics. For example, (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), is readily observed in humans following ketamine treatment and has shown therapeutic potential in preclinical tests of antidepressant efficacy and synaptic potentiation while being devoid of the negative adverse effects of ketamine, including its dissociative properties and abuse potential. We discuss preclinical and clinical studies pertaining to how ketamine and its metabolites produce antidepressant effects. Specifically, we explore effects on glutamate neurotransmission through N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs), synaptic structural changes via brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, interactions with opioid receptors, and the enhancement of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine signaling. Strategic targeting of these mechanisms may result in novel rapid-acting antidepressants with fewer undesirable side effects compared to ketamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Hess
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Lace M Riggs
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.,Program in Neuroscience and Training Program in Integrative Membrane Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
| | - Michael Michaelides
- Biobehavioral Imaging & Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Todd D Gould
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Departments of Pharmacology and Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Veterans Affairs Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
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49
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Reifschneider A, Robinson S, van Lengerich B, Gnörich J, Logan T, Heindl S, Vogt MA, Weidinger E, Riedl L, Wind K, Zatcepin A, Pesämaa I, Haberl S, Nuscher B, Kleinberger G, Klimmt J, Götzl JK, Liesz A, Bürger K, Brendel M, Levin J, Diehl‐Schmid J, Suh J, Di Paolo G, Lewcock JW, Monroe KM, Paquet D, Capell A, Haass C. Loss of TREM2 rescues hyperactivation of microglia, but not lysosomal deficits and neurotoxicity in models of progranulin deficiency. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109108. [PMID: 35019161 PMCID: PMC8844989 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Haploinsufficiency of the progranulin (PGRN)-encoding gene (GRN) causes frontotemporal lobar degeneration (GRN-FTLD) and results in microglial hyperactivation, TREM2 activation, lysosomal dysfunction, and TDP-43 deposition. To understand the contribution of microglial hyperactivation to pathology, we used genetic and pharmacological approaches to suppress TREM2-dependent transition of microglia from a homeostatic to a disease-associated state. Trem2 deficiency in Grn KO mice reduced microglia hyperactivation. To explore antibody-mediated pharmacological modulation of TREM2-dependent microglial states, we identified antagonistic TREM2 antibodies. Treatment of macrophages from GRN-FTLD patients with these antibodies led to reduced TREM2 signaling due to its enhanced shedding. Furthermore, TREM2 antibody-treated PGRN-deficient microglia derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells showed reduced microglial hyperactivation, TREM2 signaling, and phagocytic activity, but lysosomal dysfunction was not rescued. Similarly, lysosomal dysfunction, lipid dysregulation, and glucose hypometabolism of Grn KO mice were not rescued by TREM2 ablation. Synaptic loss and neurofilament light-chain (NfL) levels, a biomarker for neurodegeneration, were further elevated in the Grn/Trem2 KO cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These findings suggest that TREM2-dependent microglia hyperactivation in models of GRN deficiency does not promote neurotoxicity, but rather neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Reifschneider
- Division of Metabolic BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineBiomedical Center (BMC)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Sophie Robinson
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
| | | | - Johannes Gnörich
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Todd Logan
- Denali Therapeutics Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | - Steffanie Heindl
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | | | - Endy Weidinger
- Department of NeurologyUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Lina Riedl
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapySchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Karin Wind
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Artem Zatcepin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Ida Pesämaa
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
| | | | - Brigitte Nuscher
- Division of Metabolic BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineBiomedical Center (BMC)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | | | - Julien Klimmt
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Julia K Götzl
- Division of Metabolic BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineBiomedical Center (BMC)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Arthur Liesz
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Katharina Bürger
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Johannes Levin
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Department of Nuclear MedicineUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Department of NeurologyUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Janine Diehl‐Schmid
- Department of NeurologyUniversity HospitalLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapySchool of MedicineTechnical University of MunichMunichGermany
| | - Jung Suh
- Denali Therapeutics Inc.South San FranciscoCAUSA
| | | | | | | | - Dominik Paquet
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia ResearchUniversity Hospital MunichLudwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
| | - Anja Capell
- Division of Metabolic BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineBiomedical Center (BMC)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
| | - Christian Haass
- Division of Metabolic BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineBiomedical Center (BMC)Ludwig‐Maximilians‐Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) MunichMunichGermany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy)MunichGermany
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Gibb AJ. Allosteric antagonist action at triheteromeric NMDA receptors. Neuropharmacology 2022; 202:108861. [PMID: 34736958 PMCID: PMC8641061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
NMDA receptors are one subtype of glutamate receptor that play fundamental roles in synaptic physiology and synaptic plasticity in the nervous system, in addition to being implicated in several neurological disorders. It is now established that many NMDA receptors in the nervous system are triheteromeric, composed of two glycine-binding GluN1 subunits and two different glutamate binding GluN2 subunits. The pharmacology of NMDA receptor has become well established since the pioneering work of Watkins and Evans almost half a century ago and has seen a resurgence of interest in the past decade as new subtype-selective allosteric modulators have been discovered. In this article, features specific to allosteric antagonist action at triheteromeric NMDA receptors are reviewed with a focus on understanding the mechanism of action of drugs acting at triheteromeric GluN1/GluN2B/GluN2D receptors. These receptors are of importance in the basal ganglia and in interneurons of the hippocampus and implications for understanding the action of allosteric antagonists at synaptic triheteromeric receptors are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alasdair J Gibb
- Research Department of Neuroscience, Physiology & Pharmacology, University College London, London, UK.
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