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Chen Y, Xu R, Liu Q, Zeng Y, Chen W, Liu Y, Cao Y, Liu G, Chen Y. Rosmarinic acid ameliorated oxidative stress, neuronal injuries, and mitochondrial dysfunctions mediated by polyglutamine and ɑ-synuclein in Caenorhabditis elegans models. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04206-4. [PMID: 38703342 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04206-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Numerous natural antioxidants have been developed into agents for neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) treatment. Rosmarinic acid (RA), an excellent antioxidant, exhibits neuroprotective activity, but its anti-NDs efficacy remains puzzling. Here, Caenorhabditis elegans models were employed to systematically reveal RA-mediated mechanisms in delaying NDs from diverse facets, including oxidative stress, the homeostasis of neural and protein, and mitochondrial disorders. Firstly, RA significantly inhibited reactive oxygen species accumulation, reduced peroxide malonaldehyde production, and strengthened the antioxidant defense system via increasing superoxide dismutase activity. Besides, RA reduced neuronal loss and ameliorated polyglutamine and ɑ-synuclein-mediated dyskinesia in NDs models. Further, in combination with the data and molecular docking results, RA may bind specifically to Huntington protein and ɑ-synuclein to prevent toxic protein aggregation and thus enhance proteostasis. Finally, RA ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction including increasing adenosine triphosphate and mitochondrial membrane potential levels and rescuing mitochondrial membrane proteins' expressions and mitochondrial structural abnormalities via regulating mitochondrial dynamics genes and improving the mitochondrial kinetic homeostasis. Thus, this study systematically revealed the RA-mediated neuroprotective mechanism and promoted RA as a promising nutritional intervention strategy to prevent NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruina Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiaoxing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanting Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Weitian Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongfa Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Yong Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yunjiao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, China.
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2
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Firth W, Pye KR, Weightman Potter PG. Astrocytes at the intersection of ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration. Clin Sci (Lond) 2024; 138:515-536. [PMID: 38652065 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Once considered passive cells of the central nervous system (CNS), glia are now known to actively maintain the CNS parenchyma; in recent years, the evidence for glial functions in CNS physiology and pathophysiology has only grown. Astrocytes, a heterogeneous group of glial cells, play key roles in regulating the metabolic and inflammatory landscape of the CNS and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for a variety of disorders. This review will outline astrocyte functions in the CNS in healthy ageing, obesity, and neurodegeneration, with a focus on the inflammatory responses and mitochondrial function, and will address therapeutic outlooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wyn Firth
- School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K
| | - Katherine R Pye
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
| | - Paul G Weightman Potter
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, U.K
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3
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Lewitt MS, Boyd GW. Role of the Insulin-like Growth Factor System in Neurodegenerative Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4512. [PMID: 38674097 PMCID: PMC11049992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system has paracrine and endocrine roles in the central nervous system. There is evidence that IGF signalling pathways have roles in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disease. This review focusses on Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, the two most common neurodegenerative disorders that are increasing in prevalence globally in relation to the aging population and the increasing prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Rodent models used in the study of the molecular pathways involved in neurodegeneration are described. However, currently, no animal model fully replicates these diseases. Mice with triple mutations in APP, PSEN and MAPT show promise as models for the testing of novel Alzheimer's therapies. While a causal relationship is not proven, the fact that age, obesity and T2D are risk factors in both strengthens the case for the involvement of the IGF system in these disorders. The IGF system is an attractive target for new approaches to management; however, there are gaps in our understanding that first need to be addressed. These include a focus beyond IGF-I on other members of the IGF system, including IGF-II, IGF-binding proteins and the type 2 IGF receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira S. Lewitt
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Gary W. Boyd
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton G72 0LH, UK;
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4
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Wu CY, Yu JY, Chen YS, Chang HP, Hsieh BY, Lin YH, Ma CY, Tsai SF, Hsieh M. Effects of down-regulated carbonic anhydrase 8 on cell survival and glucose metabolism in human colorectal cancer cell lines. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4001. [PMID: 38571370 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase 8 (CA8) is a member of the α-carbonic anhydrase family but does not catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide. In the present study, we examined the effects of CA8 on two human colon cancer cell lines, SW480 and SW620, by suppressing CA8 expression through shRNA knockdown. Our results showed that knockdown of CA8 decreased cell growth and cell mobility in SW620 cells, but not in SW480 cells. In addition, downregulated CA8 resulted in a significant decrease of glucose uptake in both SW480 and SW620 cells. Interestingly, stable downregulation of CA8 decreased phosphofructokinase-1 expression but increased glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) levels in SW620 cells. However, transient downregulation of CA8 fails to up-regulate GLUT3 expression, indicating that the increased GLUT3 observed in SW620-shCA8 cells is a compensatory effect. In addition, the interaction between CA8 and GLUT3 was evidenced by pull-down and IP assays. On the other hand, we showed that metformin, a first-line drug for type II diabetes patients, significantly inhibited cell migration of SW620 cells, depending on the expressions of CA8 and focal adhesion kinase. Taken together, our data demonstrate that when compared to primary colon cancer SW480 cells, metastatic colon cancer SW620 cells respond differently to downregulated CA8, indicating that CA8 in more aggressive cancer cells may play a more important role in controlling cell survival and metformin response. CA8 may affect glucose metabolism- and cell invasion-related molecules in colon cancer, suggesting that CA8 may be a potential target in future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yen Wu
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Jia-Yo Yu
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yi-Shan Chen
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ping Chang
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Benjamin Y Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yu-Hsin Lin
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chung-Yung Ma
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shang-Feng Tsai
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Mingli Hsieh
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Life Science Research Center, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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5
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Sano T, Ochiai T, Nagayama T, Nakamura A, Kubota N, Kadowaki T, Wakabayashi T, Iwatsubo T. Genetic Reduction of Insulin Signaling Mitigates Amyloid-β Deposition by Promoting Expression of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in the Brain. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7226-7241. [PMID: 37699718 PMCID: PMC10601373 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0071-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) regulates a wide range of biological processes, including aging and lifespan, and has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We and others have reported that reduced signaling by genetic ablation of the molecules involved in IIS (e.g., insulin receptor substrate 2 [IRS-2]) markedly mitigates amyloid plaque formation in the brains of mouse models of AD, although the molecular underpinnings of the amelioration remain unsolved. Here, we revealed, by a transcriptomic analysis of the male murine cerebral cortices, that the expression of genes encoding extracellular matrix (ECM) was significantly upregulated by the loss of IRS-2. Insulin signaling activity negatively regulated the phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in the brain, and suppressed TGF-β/Smad-dependent expression of a subset of ECM genes in brain-derived cells. The ECM proteins inhibited Aβ fibril formation in vitro, and IRS-2 deficiency suppressed the aggregation process of Aβ in the brains of male APP transgenic mice as revealed by injection of aggregation seeds in vivo Our results propose a novel mechanism in AD pathophysiology whereby IIS modifies Aβ aggregation and amyloid pathology by altering the expression of ECM genes in the brain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) has been recognized as a regulator of aging, a leading risk factor for the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In AD mouse models, genetic deletion of key IIS molecules markedly reduces the amyloid plaque formation in the brain, although the molecular underpinnings of this amelioration remain elusive. We found that the deficiency of insulin receptor substrate 2 leads to an increase in the expression of various extracellular matrices (ECMs) in the brain, potentially through TGF-β/Smad signaling. Furthermore, some of those ECMs exhibited the potential to inhibit amyloid plaque accumulation by disrupting the formation of Aβ fibrils. This study presents a novel mechanism by which IIS regulates Aβ accumulation, which may involve altered brain ECM expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Sano
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Ochiai
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Pharmacology Department, Drug Research Center, Kaken Pharmaceutical Company, LTD, Kyoto, 607-8042, Japan
| | - Takeru Nagayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakamura
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition Therapy, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takashi Kadowaki
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Tomoko Wakabayashi
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
- Department of Innovative Dementia Prevention, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takeshi Iwatsubo
- Department of Neuropathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
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6
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Stover MA, Tinoco-Bravo B, Shults CA, Marouk S, Deole R, Manjarrez JR. Probiotic effects of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides on stress and longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1207705. [PMID: 37772058 PMCID: PMC10522913 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1207705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The short lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans enables the efficient investigation of probiotic interventions affecting stress and longevity involving the potential therapeutic value of Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides isolated from organic basil. The lactic acid bacteria were cultured from the produce collected from a local grocery store in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and then identified through 16S rDNA sequencing and biochemical tests. To dive deep into this analysis for potential probiotic therapy, we used fluorescent reporters that allow us to assess the differential induction of multiple stress pathways such as oxidative stress and the cytoplasmic, endoplasmic reticulum, and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response. This is combined with the classic health span measurements of survival, development, and fecundity, allowing a wide range of organismal observations of the different communities of microbes supported by probiotic supplementation with Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. These strains were initially assessed in relation to the Escherichia coli feeding strain OP50 and the C. elegans microbiome. The supplementation showed a reduction in the median lifespan of the worms colonized within the microbiome. This was unsurprising, as negative results are common when probiotics are introduced into healthy microbiomes. To further assess the supplementation potential of these strains on an unhealthy (undifferentiated) microbiome, the typical axenic C. elegans diet, OP50, was used to simulate this single-species biome. The addition of lactic acid bacteria to OP50 led to a significant improvement in the median and overall survival in simulated biomes, indicating their potential in probiotic therapy. The study analyzed the supplemented cultures in terms of C. elegans' morphology, locomotor behavior, reproduction, and stress responses, revealing unique characteristics and stress response patterns for each group. As the microbiome's influence on the health span gains interest, the study aims to understand the microbiome relationships that result in differential stress resistance and lifespans by supplementing microbiomes with Lactococcus lactis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides isolated from organic basil in C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jacob R. Manjarrez
- Biochemistry and Microbiology Department, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, United States
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7
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Gutierrez-Merino C. Brain Hydrophobic Peptides Antagonists of Neurotoxic Amyloid β Peptide Monomers/Oligomers-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13846. [PMID: 37762148 PMCID: PMC10531495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β (Aβ) oligomers have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and are the main neurotoxic forms of Aβ. This review focuses on the following: (i) the Aβ(1-42):calmodulin interface as a model for the design of antagonist Aβ peptides and its limitations; (ii) proteolytic degradation as the major source of highly hydrophobic peptides in brain cells; and (iii) brain peptides that have been experimentally demonstrated to bind to Aβ monomers or oligomers, Aβ fibrils, or Aβ plaques. It is highlighted that the hydrophobic amino acid residues of the COOH-terminal segment of Aβ(1-42) play a key role in its interaction with intracellular protein partners linked to its neurotoxicity. The major source of highly hydrophobic endogenous peptides of 8-10 amino acids in neurons is the proteasome activity. Many canonical antigen peptides bound to the major histocompatibility complex class 1 are of this type. These highly hydrophobic peptides bind to Aβ and are likely to be efficient antagonists of the binding of Aβ monomers/oligomers concentrations in the nanomolar range with intracellular proteins. Also, their complexation with Aβ will protect them against endopeptidases, suggesting a putative chaperon-like physiological function for Aβ that has been overlooked until now. Remarkably, the hydrophobic amino acid residues of Aβ responsible for the binding of several neuropeptides partially overlap with those playing a key role in its interaction with intracellular protein partners that mediates its neurotoxicity. Therefore, these latter neuropeptides are also potential candidates to antagonize Aβ peptides binding to target proteins. In conclusion, the analysis performed in this review points out that hydrophobic endogenous brain neuropeptides could be valuable biomarkers to evaluate the risk of the onset of sporadic AD, as well as for the prognosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gutierrez-Merino
- Instituto de Biomarcadores de Patologías Moleculares, Universidad de Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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8
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Nuñez A, Zegarra-Valdivia J, Fernandez de Sevilla D, Pignatelli J, Torres Aleman I. The neurobiology of insulin-like growth factor I: From neuroprotection to modulation of brain states. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3220-3230. [PMID: 37353586 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
After decades of research in the neurobiology of IGF-I, its role as a prototypical neurotrophic factor is undisputed. However, many of its actions in the adult brain indicate that this growth factor is not only involved in brain development or in the response to injury. Following a three-layer assessment of its role in the central nervous system, we consider that at the cellular level, IGF-I is indeed a bona fide neurotrophic factor, modulating along ontogeny the generation and function of all the major types of brain cells, contributing to sculpt brain architecture and adaptive responses to damage. At the circuit level, IGF-I modulates neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity at multiple sites, whereas at the system level, IGF-I intervenes in energy allocation, proteostasis, circadian cycles, mood, and cognition. Local and peripheral sources of brain IGF-I input contribute to a spatially restricted, compartmentalized, and timed modulation of brain activity. To better define these variety of actions, we consider IGF-I a modulator of brain states. This definition aims to reconcile all aspects of IGF-I neurobiology, and may provide a new conceptual framework in the design of future research on the actions of this multitasking neuromodulator in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nuñez
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neurosciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Zegarra-Valdivia
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Señor de Sipán, Chiclayo, Perú
| | - D Fernandez de Sevilla
- Department of Anatomy, Histology and Neurosciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Pignatelli
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Torres Aleman
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain.
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.
- Ikerbasque Science Foundation, Bilbao, Spain.
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9
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Pang X, Mao L, Ye D, Wang W, Yang H, Fan X, Yang Y, Su Z, Ma T, Sun M, Liu Y. Synthesis, anti-aging and mechanism of magnolol derivatives. Front Chem 2023; 11:1180375. [PMID: 37288076 PMCID: PMC10242077 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1180375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnolol (M), a hydroquinone containing an allyl side chain, is one of the major active components of Houpoea officinalis for antioxidation and anti-aging. To enhance the antioxidant activity of magnolol, the different sites of magnolol were structurally modified in this experiment, and a total of 12 magnolol derivatives were obtained. Based on the preliminary exploration of the anti-aging effect of magnolol derivatives in a Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model. Our results indicate that the active groups of magnolol exerting anti-aging effects were allyl groups and hydroxyl on the phenyl. Meanwhile, the anti-aging effect of the novel magnolol derivative M27 was found to be significantly superior to that of magnolol. To investigate the effect of M27 on senescence and the potential mechanism of action, we investigated the effect of M27 on senescence in C. elegans. In this study, we investigated the effect of M27 on C. elegans physiology by examining body length, body curvature and pharyngeal pumping frequency. The effect of M27 on stress resistance in C. elegans was explored by acute stress experiments. The mechanism of M27 anti-aging was investigated by measuring ROS content, DAF-16 nuclear translocation, sod-3 expression, and lifespan of transgenic nematodes. Our results indicate that M27 prolonged the lifespan of C. elegans. Meanwhile, M27 improved the healthy lifespan of C. elegans by improving pharyngeal pumping ability and reducing lipofuscin accumulation in C. elegans. M27 increased resistance to high temperature and oxidative stress in C. elegans by reducing ROS. M27 induced DAF-16 translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus in transgenic TJ356 nematodes and upregulated the expression of sod-3 (a gene downstream of DAF-16) in CF1553 nematodes. Furthermore, M27 did not extend the lifespan of daf-16, age-1, daf-2, and hsp-16.2 mutants. This work suggests that M27 may ameliorate aging and extend lifespan in C. elegans through the IIS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Pang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li Mao
- Beijing Tide Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Beijing Econnomi Technological Development Area (BDA), Beijing, China
| | - Danyang Ye
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenqi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongliu Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Fan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuping Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijun Su
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Ma
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mingqian Sun
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yonggang Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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10
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Joseph R, Robinson ML, Lambert L, Srivastava OP. Lens-specific βA3/A1-conditional knockout mice: Phenotypic characteristics and calpain activation causing protein degradation and insolubilization. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281386. [PMID: 36989286 PMCID: PMC10057792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
βA3/A1-crystallin is a lens structural protein that plays an important role in maintaining lens transparency via interactions with other crystallins. While the function of βA3/A1-crystallin in the retina is well studied, its functions in the lens, other than as a structural protein, remain unclear. In the current study, we generated the lens-specific βA3/A1-crystallin conditional knockout mouse (named βA3/A1ckO) and explored phenotypic changes and the function of the crystallin in the lens. The βA3/A1ckO mice showed congenital cataract at birth and exhibited truncation of lens proteins. Several truncated protein fragments were recovered as a pellet during a low-speed centrifugation (800 rpm, 70 x g) followed by a relatively higher speed centrifugation (5000 rpm, 2744 x g). Mass spectrometric analysis of pellets recovered following the two centrifugations showed that among the fragments with Mr < 20 kDa, the majority of these were from β-tubulin, and some from phakinin, αA-crystallin, and calpain-3. Further, we observed that in vitro activation of calpain-3 by calcium treatment of the wild-type-lens homogenate resulted in the degradation of calpain-3, αA-crystallin and β-tubulin and insolubilization of these proteins. Based on these results, it was concluded that the activation of calpain 3 resulted in proteolysis of β-tubulin, which disrupted cellular microtubular structure, and caused proteolysis of other lens proteins (αA-crystallin and phakinin). These proteolyzed protein fragments become insoluble, and together with the disruption of microtubular structure, and could be the causative factors in the development of congenital nuclear cataract in βA3/A1cKO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Joseph
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United states of America
| | - Michael L Robinson
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, United states of America
| | - Laura Lambert
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Om P Srivastava
- Department of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United states of America
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11
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Yu H, Sun T, He X, Wang Z, Zhao K, An J, Wen L, Li JY, Li W, Feng J. Association between Parkinson's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus: From Epidemiology, Pathophysiology and Prevention to Treatment. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1591-1605. [PMID: 36465171 PMCID: PMC9662283 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are both age-related diseases of global concern being among the most common chronic metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases, respectively. While both diseases can be genetically inherited, environmental factors play a vital role in their pathogenesis. Moreover, DM and PD have common underlying molecular mechanisms, such as misfolded protein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and microbial dysbiosis. Recently, epidemiological and experimental studies have reported that DM affects the incidence and progression of PD. Moreover, certain antidiabetic drugs have been proven to decrease the risk of PD and delay its progression. In this review, we elucidate the epidemiological and pathophysiological association between DM and PD and summarize the antidiabetic drugs used in animal models and clinical trials of PD, which may provide reference for the clinical translation of antidiabetic drugs in PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Yu
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Tong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xin He
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kaidong Zhao
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jing An
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Lulu Wen
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Wen Li
- Laboratory of Research in Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, Health Sciences Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
- Neural Plasticity and Repair Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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12
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Lazaro-Pena MI, Ward ZC, Yang S, Strohm A, Merrill AK, Soto CA, Samuelson AV. HSF-1: Guardian of the Proteome Through Integration of Longevity Signals to the Proteostatic Network. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:861686. [PMID: 35874276 PMCID: PMC9304931 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.861686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Discoveries made in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans revealed that aging is under genetic control. Since these transformative initial studies, C. elegans has become a premier model system for aging research. Critically, the genes, pathways, and processes that have fundamental roles in organismal aging are deeply conserved throughout evolution. This conservation has led to a wealth of knowledge regarding both the processes that influence aging and the identification of molecular and cellular hallmarks that play a causative role in the physiological decline of organisms. One key feature of age-associated decline is the failure of mechanisms that maintain proper function of the proteome (proteostasis). Here we highlight components of the proteostatic network that act to maintain the proteome and how this network integrates into major longevity signaling pathways. We focus in depth on the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), the central regulator of gene expression for proteins that maintain the cytosolic and nuclear proteomes, and a key effector of longevity signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I. Lazaro-Pena
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Zachary C. Ward
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Sifan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra Strohm
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Alyssa K. Merrill
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Toxicology Training Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Celia A. Soto
- Department of Pathology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- Cell Biology of Disease Graduate Program, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Andrew V. Samuelson
- Department of Biomedical Genetics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrew V. Samuelson,
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13
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Rudnick DA, Huang J, Hidvegi T, Chu AS, Hale P, Munanairi A, Dietzen DJ, Cliften PF, Tycksen E, Lutkewitte AJ, Finck BN, Pak SC, Silverman GA, Perlmutter DH. Regulation of PGC1α Downstream of the Insulin Signaling Pathway Plays a Role in the Hepatic Proteotoxicity of Mutant α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency Variant Z. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:270-284. [PMID: 35301011 PMCID: PMC9232923 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Insulin signaling is known to regulate essential proteostasis mechanisms. METHODS The analyses here examined effects of insulin signaling in the PiZ mouse model of α1-antitrypsin deficiency in which hepatocellular accumulation and proteotoxicity of the misfolded α1-antitrypsin Z variant (ATZ) causes liver fibrosis and cancer. RESULTS We first studied the effects of breeding PiZ mice to liver-insulin-receptor knockout (LIRKO) mice (with hepatocyte-specific insulin-receptor gene disruption). The results showed decreased hepatic ATZ accumulation and liver fibrosis in PiZ x LIRKO vs PiZ mice, with reversal of those effects when we bred PiZ x LIRKO mice onto a FOXO1-deficient background. Increased intracellular degradation of ATZ mediated by autophagy was identified as the likely mechanism for diminished hepatic proteotoxicity in PiZ x LIRKO mice and the converse was responsible for enhanced toxicity in PiZ x LIRKO x FOXO1-KO animals. Transcriptomic studies showed major effects on oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy genes, and significant induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor-γ-coactivator-1α (PGC1α) expression in PiZ-LIRKO mice. Because PGC1α plays a key role in oxidative phosphorylation, we further investigated its effects on ATZ proteostasis in our ATZ-expressing mammalian cell model. The results showed PGC1α overexpression or activation enhances autophagic ATZ degradation. CONCLUSIONS These data implicate suppression of autophagic ATZ degradation by down-regulation of PGC1α as one mechanism by which insulin signaling exacerbates hepatic proteotoxicity in PiZ mice, and identify PGC1α as a novel target for development of new human α1-antitrypsin deficiency liver disease therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A. Rudnick
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Tunda Hidvegi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew S. Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Pamela Hale
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Admire Munanairi
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Dennis J. Dietzen
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Paul F. Cliften
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,The Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Eric Tycksen
- The Genome Technology Access Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Andrew J. Lutkewitte
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Brian N. Finck
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Stephen C. Pak
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Gary A. Silverman
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - David H. Perlmutter
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Department of Cell Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
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14
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Delventhal R, Wooder ER, Basturk M, Sattar M, Lai J, Bolton D, Muthukumar G, Ulgherait M, Shirasu-Hiza MM. Dietary restriction ameliorates TBI-induced phenotypes in Drosophila melanogaster. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9523. [PMID: 35681073 PMCID: PMC9184478 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13128-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) affects millions annually and is associated with long-term health decline. TBI also shares molecular and cellular hallmarks with neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), typically increasing in prevalence with age, and is a major risk factor for developing neurodegeneration later in life. While our understanding of genes and pathways that underlie neurotoxicity in specific NDs has advanced, we still lack a complete understanding of early molecular and physiological changes that drive neurodegeneration, particularly as an individual ages following a TBI. Recently Drosophila has been introduced as a model organism for studying closed-head TBI. In this paper, we deliver a TBI to flies early in adult life, and then measure molecular and physiological phenotypes at short-, mid-, and long-term timepoints following the injury. We aim to identify the timing of changes that contribute to neurodegeneration. Here we confirm prior work demonstrating a TBI-induced decline in lifespan, and present evidence of a progressive decline in locomotor function, robust acute and modest chronic neuroinflammation, and a late-onset increase in protein aggregation. We also present evidence of metabolic dysfunction, in the form of starvation sensitivity and decreased lipids, that persists beyond the immediate injury response, but does not differ long-term. An intervention of dietary restriction (DR) partially ameliorates some TBI-induced phenotypes, including lifespan and locomotor function, though it does not alter the pattern of starvation sensitivity of injured flies. In the future, molecular pathways identified as altered following TBI—particularly in the short-, or mid-term—could present potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Delventhal
- Department of Biology, Lake Forest College, Lake Forest, IL, 60045, USA.
| | - Emily R Wooder
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Maylis Basturk
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mohima Sattar
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Jonathan Lai
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Danielle Bolton
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Gayathri Muthukumar
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Matthew Ulgherait
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Mimi M Shirasu-Hiza
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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15
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Andersen N, Veuthey T, Blanco MG, Silbestri GF, Rayes D, De Rosa MJ. 1-Mesityl-3-(3-Sulfonatopropyl) Imidazolium Protects Against Oxidative Stress and Delays Proteotoxicity in C. elegans. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:908696. [PMID: 35685626 PMCID: PMC9171001 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.908696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the increase in life expectancy worldwide, age-related disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) have become more prevalent. Conventional treatments comprise drugs that only attenuate some of the symptoms, but fail to arrest or delay neuronal proteotoxicity that characterizes these diseases. Due to their diverse biological activities, imidazole rings are intensively explored as powerful scaffolds for the development of new bioactive molecules. By using C. elegans, our work aims to explore novel biological roles for these compounds. To this end, we have tested the in vivo anti-proteotoxic effects of imidazolium salts. Since NDs have been largely linked to impaired antioxidant defense mechanisms, we focused on 1-Mesityl-3-(3-sulfonatopropyl) imidazolium (MSI), one of the imidazolium salts that we identified as capable of improving iron-induced oxidative stress resistance in wild-type animals. By combining mutant and gene expression analysis we have determined that this protective effect depends on the activation of the Heat Shock Transcription Factor (HSF-1), whereas it is independent of other canonical cytoprotective molecules such as abnormal Dauer Formation-16 (DAF-16/FOXO) and Skinhead-1 (SKN-1/Nrf2). To delve deeper into the biological roles of MSI, we analyzed the impact of this compound on previously established C. elegans models of protein aggregation. We found that MSI ameliorates β-amyloid-induced paralysis in worms expressing the pathological protein involved in Alzheimer’s Disease. Moreover, this compound also delays age-related locomotion decline in other proteotoxic C. elegans models, suggesting a broad protective effect. Taken together, our results point to MSI as a promising anti-proteotoxic compound and provide proof of concept of the potential of imidazole derivatives in the development of novel therapies to retard age-related proteotoxic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Andersen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB) CCT UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Tania Veuthey
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB) CCT UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Blanco
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB) CCT UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Fabian Silbestri
- Departamento de Química, INQUISUR, Universidad Nacional Del Sur, UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Diego Rayes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB) CCT UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Diego Rayes, ; María José De Rosa,
| | - María José De Rosa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB) CCT UNS-CONICET, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Diego Rayes, ; María José De Rosa,
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16
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Zegarra-Valdivia JA, Fernandes J, Fernandez de Sevilla ME, Trueba-Saiz A, Pignatelli J, Suda K, Martinez-Rachadell L, Fernandez AM, Esparza J, Vega M, Nuñez A, Aleman IT. Insulin-like growth factor I sensitization rejuvenates sleep patterns in old mice. GeroScience 2022; 44:2243-2257. [PMID: 35604612 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00589-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are common during aging. Compared to young animals, old mice show altered sleep structure, with changes in both slow and fast electrocorticographic (ECoG) activity and fewer transitions between sleep and wake stages. Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), which is involved in adaptive changes during aging, was previously shown to increase ECoG activity in young mice and monkeys. Furthermore, IGF-I shapes sleep architecture by modulating the activity of mouse orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). We now report that both ECoG activation and excitation of orexin neurons by systemic IGF-I are abrogated in old mice. Moreover, orthodromical responses of LH neurons are facilitated by either systemic or local IGF-I in young mice, but not in old ones. As orexin neurons of old mice show dysregulated IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression, suggesting disturbed IGF-I sensitivity, we treated old mice with AIK3a305, a novel IGF-IR sensitizer, and observed restored responses to IGF-I and rejuvenation of sleep patterns. Thus, disturbed sleep structure in aging mice may be related to impaired IGF-I signaling onto orexin neurons, reflecting a broader loss of IGF-I activity in the aged mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Zegarra-Valdivia
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de Arequipa, Arequipa, Perú.,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain
| | - Jansen Fernandes
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Universidade Federal São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Kentaro Suda
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Angel Nuñez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Torres Aleman
- CIBERNED, Madrid, Spain. .,Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, Leioa, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE Basque Science Foundation, Bilbao, Spain.
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17
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Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Management of Neurological Disorders. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:874-883. [PMID: 35476315 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of neurons marks as the pathological reason for onset of most of the neurological diseases although the functional deficiencies and symptoms may vary. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) boosts regeneration of both motor and sensory neurons and thus presents as a potential treatment in management of neurological disorders. IGF-I is a pleiotropic agent which stimulates the survival and outgrowth of neurons accompanied by their motility as well as myelination by glial cells. This hormone has been found to possess neuroprotective properties which is in association with its antioxidant and mitochondrial protection activity. Studying and exploring the signaling pathways which mediate pleotropic responses intracellularly have elucidated significant therapeutic approach in treatment and management of neurological disorders by IGF-I. The current review highlights the role of IGF-I in management of major neurological disorders such as depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease and also covers the mechanisms involved in the process.
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18
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Shen XY, Gao ZK, Han Y, Yuan M, Guo YS, Bi X. Activation and Role of Astrocytes in Ischemic Stroke. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:755955. [PMID: 34867201 PMCID: PMC8635513 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.755955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke refers to the disorder of blood supply of local brain tissue caused by various reasons. It has high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Astrocytes are the most abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS). They are responsible for the homeostasis, nutrition, and protection of the CNS and play an essential role in many nervous system diseases’ physiological and pathological processes. After stroke injury, astrocytes are activated and play a protective role through the heterogeneous and gradual changes of their gene expression, morphology, proliferation, and function, that is, reactive astrocytes. However, the position of reactive astrocytes has always been a controversial topic. Many studies have shown that reactive astrocytes are a double-edged sword with both beneficial and harmful effects. It is worth noting that their different spatial and temporal expression determines astrocytes’ various functions. Here, we comprehensively review the different roles and mechanisms of astrocytes after ischemic stroke. In addition, the intracellular mechanism of astrocyte activation has also been involved. More importantly, due to the complex cascade reaction and action mechanism after ischemic stroke, the role of astrocytes is still difficult to define. Still, there is no doubt that astrocytes are one of the critical factors mediating the deterioration or improvement of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ya Shen
- Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Kun Gao
- Graduate School of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Han
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Yuan
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Sha Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Bi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
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19
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Nieto-Torres JL, Hansen M. Macroautophagy and aging: The impact of cellular recycling on health and longevity. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 82:101020. [PMID: 34507801 PMCID: PMC8671213 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with many deleterious changes at the cellular level, including the accumulation of potentially toxic components that can have devastating effects on health. A key protective mechanism to this end is the cellular recycling process called autophagy. During autophagy, damaged or surplus cellular components are delivered to acidic vesicles called lysosomes, that secure degradation and recycling of the components. Numerous links between autophagy and aging exist. Autophagy declines with age, and increasing evidence suggests that this reduction plays important roles in both physiological aging and the development of age-associated disorders. Studies in pharmacologically and genetically manipulated model organisms indicate that defects in autophagy promote age-related diseases, and conversely, that enhancement of autophagy has beneficial effects on both healthspan and lifespan. Here, we review our current understanding of the role of autophagy in different physiological processes and their molecular links with aging and age-related diseases. We also highlight some recent advances in the field that could accelerate the development of autophagy-based therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Nieto-Torres
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. Program of Development, Aging, and Regeneration, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Malene Hansen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute. Program of Development, Aging, and Regeneration, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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20
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Hommen F, Bilican S, Vilchez D. Protein clearance strategies for disease intervention. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2021; 129:141-172. [PMID: 34689261 PMCID: PMC8541819 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-021-02431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein homeostasis, or proteostasis, is essential for cell function and viability. Unwanted, damaged, misfolded and aggregated proteins are degraded by the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Growing evidence indicates that alterations in these major proteolytic mechanisms lead to a demise in proteostasis, contributing to the onset and development of distinct diseases. Indeed, dysregulation of the UPS or autophagy is linked to several neurodegenerative, infectious and inflammatory disorders as well as cancer. Thus, modulation of protein clearance pathways is a promising approach for therapeutics. In this review, we discuss recent findings and open questions on how targeting proteolytic mechanisms could be applied for disease intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Hommen
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Saygın Bilican
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - David Vilchez
- Cologne Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Joseph Stelzmann Strasse 26, 50931, Cologne, Germany. .,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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21
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Burtscher J, Mallet RT, Burtscher M, Millet GP. Hypoxia and brain aging: Neurodegeneration or neuroprotection? Ageing Res Rev 2021; 68:101343. [PMID: 33862277 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The absolute reliance of the mammalian brain on oxygen to generate ATP renders it acutely vulnerable to hypoxia, whether at high altitude or in clinical settings of anemia or pulmonary disease. Hypoxia is pivotal to the pathogeneses of myriad neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Conversely, reduced environmental oxygen, e.g. sojourns or residing at high altitudes, may impart favorable effects on aging and mortality. Moreover, controlled hypoxia exposure may represent a treatment strategy for age-related neurological disorders. This review discusses evidence of hypoxia's beneficial vs. detrimental impacts on the aging brain and the molecular mechanisms that mediate these divergent effects. It draws upon an extensive literature search on the effects of hypoxia/altitude on brain aging, and detailed analysis of all identified studies directly comparing brain responses to hypoxia in young vs. aged humans or rodents. Special attention is directed toward the risks vs. benefits of hypoxia exposure to the elderly, and potential therapeutic applications of hypoxia for neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, important questions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Burtscher
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Robert T Mallet
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Martin Burtscher
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Grégoire P Millet
- Institute of Sport Sciences, University of Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Zhang AM, Wellberg EA, Kopp JL, Johnson JD. Hyperinsulinemia in Obesity, Inflammation, and Cancer. Diabetes Metab J 2021; 45:285-311. [PMID: 33775061 PMCID: PMC8164941 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2020.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative insufficiency of insulin secretion and/or insulin action causes diabetes. However, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus can be associated with an absolute increase in circulating insulin, a state known as hyperinsulinemia. Studies are beginning to elucidate the cause-effect relationships between hyperinsulinemia and numerous consequences of metabolic dysfunctions. Here, we review recent evidence demonstrating that hyperinsulinemia may play a role in inflammation, aging and development of cancers. In this review, we will focus on the consequences and mechanisms of excess insulin production and action, placing recent findings that have challenged dogma in the context of the existing body of literature. Where relevant, we elaborate on the role of specific signal transduction components in the actions of insulin and consequences of chronic hyperinsulinemia. By discussing the involvement of hyperinsulinemia in various metabolic and other chronic diseases, we may identify more effective therapeutics or lifestyle interventions for preventing or treating obesity, diabetes and cancer. We also seek to identify pertinent questions that are ripe for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni M.Y. Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Elizabeth A. Wellberg
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Stephenson Cancer Center, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Janel L. Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James D. Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Corresponding author: James D. Johnson https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7523-9433 Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 2329 W Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Vancouver, BC, Canada E-mail:
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23
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Tangrodchanapong T, Sornkaew N, Yurasakpong L, Niamnont N, Nantasenamat C, Sobhon P, Meemon K. Beneficial Effects of Cyclic Ether 2-Butoxytetrahydrofuran from Sea Cucumber Holothuria scabra against Aβ Aggregate Toxicity in Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans and Potential Chemical Interaction. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26082195. [PMID: 33920352 PMCID: PMC8070609 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological finding of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates is thought to be a leading cause of untreated Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we isolated 2-butoxytetrahydrofuran (2-BTHF), a small cyclic ether, from Holothuria scabra and demonstrated its therapeutic potential against AD through the attenuation of Aβ aggregation in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model. Our results revealed that amongst the five H. scabra isolated compounds, 2-BTHF was shown to be the most effective in suppressing worm paralysis caused by Aβ toxicity and in expressing strong neuroprotection in CL4176 and CL2355 strains, respectively. An immunoblot analysis showed that CL4176 and CL2006 treated with 2-BTHF showed no effect on the level of Aβ monomers but significantly reduced the toxic oligomeric form and the amount of 1,4-bis(3-carboxy-hydroxy-phenylethenyl)-benzene (X-34)-positive fibril deposits. This concurrently occurred with a reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the treated CL4176 worms. Mechanistically, heat shock factor 1 (HSF-1) (at residues histidine 63 (HIS63) and glutamine 72 (GLN72)) was shown to be 2-BTHF’s potential target that might contribute to an increased expression of autophagy-related genes required for the breakdown of the Aβ aggregate, thus attenuating its toxicity. In conclusion, 2-BTHF from H. scabra could protect C. elegans from Aβ toxicity by suppressing its aggregation via an HSF-1-regulated autophagic pathway and has been implicated as a potential drug for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taweesak Tangrodchanapong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.T.); (L.Y.); (P.S.)
| | - Nilubon Sornkaew
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Laphatrada Yurasakpong
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.T.); (L.Y.); (P.S.)
| | - Nakorn Niamnont
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand; (N.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand;
| | - Prasert Sobhon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.T.); (L.Y.); (P.S.)
| | - Krai Meemon
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (T.T.); (L.Y.); (P.S.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +66-22-015-407
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24
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Furtado GV, Yang J, Wu D, Papagiannopoulos CI, Terpstra HM, Kuiper EFE, Krauss S, Zhu WG, Kampinga HH, Bergink S. FOXO1 controls protein synthesis and transcript abundance of mutant polyglutamine proteins, preventing protein aggregation. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:996-1005. [PMID: 33822053 PMCID: PMC8170844 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXO1, a transcription factor downstream of the insulin/insulin like growth factor axis, has been linked to protein degradation. Elevated expression of FOXO orthologs can also prevent the aggregation of cytosine adenine guanine (CAG)-repeat disease causing polyglutamine (polyQ) proteins but whether FOXO1 targets mutant proteins for degradation is unclear. Here, we show that increased expression of FOXO1 prevents toxic polyQ aggregation in human cells while reducing FOXO1 levels has the opposite effect and accelerates it. Although FOXO1 indeed stimulates autophagy, its effect on polyQ aggregation is independent of autophagy, ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) mediated protein degradation and is not due to a change in mutant polyQ protein turnover. Instead, FOXO1 specifically downregulates protein synthesis rates from expanded pathogenic CAG repeat transcripts. FOXO1 orchestrates a change in the composition of proteins that occupy mutant expanded CAG transcripts, including the recruitment of IGF2BP3. This mRNA binding protein enables a FOXO1 driven decrease in pathogenic expanded CAG transcript- and protein levels, thereby reducing the initiation of amyloidogenesis. Our data thus demonstrate that FOXO1 not only preserves protein homeostasis at multiple levels, but also reduces the accumulation of aberrant RNA species that may co-contribute to the toxicity in CAG-repeat diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Vasata Furtado
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Christos I Papagiannopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Hanna M Terpstra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - E F Elsiena Kuiper
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Sybille Krauss
- Faculty IV: School of Science and Technology, Institute of Biology, Human Biology / Neurobiology, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57076 Siegen, Germany
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Nanshan District, 1066 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen 508055, China
| | - Harm H Kampinga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
| | - Steven Bergink
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, Groningen 9713 AV, The Netherlands
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25
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Beletskiy A, Chesnokova E, Bal N. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 As a Possible Neuroprotective Agent and Memory Enhancer-Its Comparative Expression, Processing and Signaling in Mammalian CNS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041849. [PMID: 33673334 PMCID: PMC7918606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies performed on rodents suggest that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) or its analogs may possibly be used for treating some conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, autistic spectrum disorders or aging-related cognitive impairment. Still, for translational research a comparative knowledge about the function of IGF-2 and related molecules in model organisms (rats and mice) and humans is necessary. There is a number of important differences in IGF-2 signaling between species. In the present review we emphasize species-specific patterns of IGF-2 expression in rodents, humans and some other mammals, using, among other sources, publicly available transcriptomic data. We provide a detailed description of Igf2 mRNA expression regulation and pre-pro-IGF-2 protein processing in different species. We also summarize the function of IGF-binding proteins. We describe three different receptors able to bind IGF-2 and discuss the role of IGF-2 signaling in learning and memory, as well as in neuroprotection. We hope that comprehensive understanding of similarities and differences in IGF-2 signaling between model organisms and humans will be useful for development of more effective medicines targeting IGF-2 receptors.
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26
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Wie J, Liu Z, Song H, Tropea TF, Yang L, Wang H, Liang Y, Cang C, Aranda K, Lohmann J, Yang J, Lu B, Chen-Plotkin AS, Luk KC, Ren D. A growth-factor-activated lysosomal K + channel regulates Parkinson's pathology. Nature 2021; 591:431-437. [PMID: 33505021 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes have fundamental physiological roles and have previously been implicated in Parkinson's disease1-5. However, how extracellular growth factors communicate with intracellular organelles to control lysosomal function is not well understood. Here we report a lysosomal K+ channel complex that is activated by growth factors and gated by protein kinase B (AKT) that we term lysoKGF. LysoKGF consists of a pore-forming protein TMEM175 and AKT: TMEM175 is opened by conformational changes in, but not the catalytic activity of, AKT. The minor allele at rs34311866, a common variant in TMEM175, is associated with an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease and reduces channel currents. Reduction in lysoKGF function predisposes neurons to stress-induced damage and accelerates the accumulation of pathological α-synuclein. By contrast, the minor allele at rs3488217-another common variant of TMEM175, which is associated with a decreased risk of developing Parkinson's disease-produces a gain-of-function in lysoKGF during cell starvation, and enables neuronal resistance to damage. Deficiency in TMEM175 leads to a loss of dopaminergic neurons and impairment in motor function in mice, and a TMEM175 loss-of-function variant is nominally associated with accelerated rates of cognitive and motor decline in humans with Parkinson's disease. Together, our studies uncover a pathway by which extracellular growth factors regulate intracellular organelle function, and establish a targetable mechanism by which common variants of TMEM175 confer risk for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhong Wie
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhenjiang Liu
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haikun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Thomas F Tropea
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuling Liang
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Chunlei Cang
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kimberly Aranda
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joey Lohmann
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Life Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Boxun Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Alice S Chen-Plotkin
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Kelvin C Luk
- Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Dejian Ren
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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27
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Linnerbauer M, Rothhammer V. Protective Functions of Reactive Astrocytes Following Central Nervous System Insult. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573256. [PMID: 33117368 PMCID: PMC7561408 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes play important roles in numerous central nervous system disorders including autoimmune inflammatory, hypoxic, and degenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis, ischemic stroke, and Alzheimer’s disease. Depending on the spatial and temporal context, activated astrocytes may contribute to the pathogenesis, progression, and recovery of disease. Recent progress in the dissection of transcriptional responses to varying forms of central nervous system insult has shed light on the mechanisms that govern the complexity of reactive astrocyte functions. While a large body of research focuses on the pathogenic effects of reactive astrocytes, little is known about how they limit inflammation and contribute to tissue regeneration. However, these protective astrocyte pathways might be of relevance for the understanding of the underlying pathology in disease and may lead to novel targeted approaches to treat autoimmune inflammatory and degenerative disorders of the central nervous system. In this review article, we have revisited the emerging concept of protective astrocyte functions and discuss their role in the recovery from inflammatory and ischemic disease as well as their role in degenerative disorders. Focusing on soluble astrocyte derived mediators, we aggregate the existing knowledge on astrocyte functions in the maintenance of homeostasis as well as their reparative and tissue-protective function after acute lesions and in neurodegenerative disorders. Finally, we give an outlook of how these mediators may guide future therapeutic strategies to tackle yet untreatable disorders of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Linnerbauer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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28
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Wang ZT, Zhang C, Wang YJ, Dong Q, Tan L, Yu JT. Selective neuronal vulnerability in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 62:101114. [PMID: 32569730 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined by a deficiency in specific behavioural and/or cognitive domains, pointing to selective vulnerabilities of specific neurons from different brain regions. These vulnerabilities can be compared across neuron subgroups to identify the most vulnerable neuronal types, regions, and time points for further investigation. Thus, the relevant organizational frameworks for brain subgroups will hold great values for a clear understanding of the progression in AD. Presently, the neuronal vulnerability has yet urgently required to be elucidated as not yet been clearly defined. It is suggested that cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms can affect the neuronal vulnerability to stressors, and in turn modulates AD progression. This review examines cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms that contribute to the neuronal vulnerability. Collectively, the cell-autonomous mechanisms seem to be the primary drivers responsible for initiating specific stressor-related neuronal vulnerability with pathological changes in certain brain areas, which then utilize non-cell-autonomous mechanisms and result in subsequent progression of AD. In summary, this article has provided a new perspective on the preventative and therapeutic options for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuo-Teng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Can Zhang
- Genetics and Aging Research Unit, McCance Center for Brain Health, MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases (MIND), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, 02129-2060, USA
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, College of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China; Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology and Institute of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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29
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Keowkase R, Kijmankongkul N, Sangtian W, Poomborplab S, Santa-ardharnpreecha C, Weerapreeyakul N, Sitthithaworn W. Protective Effect and Mechanism of Fruit Extract of Aegle marmelos Against Amyloid-β Toxicity in a Transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Nat Prod Commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x20933511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia found in the elderly. AD is caused by the accumulation of toxic proteins including amyloid-β (Aβ). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fruit extract of Aegle marmelos against Aβ toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. The fruit of A. marmelos has been used in a traditional Thai herb formula in fatigue patients recovering from illnesses such as fever and diarrhea. We used a transgenic C. elegans strain CL4176, which expresses the human Aβ42, to investigate the effects and the mechanisms of action of the extracts against Aβ toxicity. The extract of A. marmelos significantly delayed Aβ-induced paralysis. Aegle marmelos lost the ability to delay Aβ-induced paralysis in worms fed with daf-16 ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) bacteria, but not in worms fed with hsf-1 and skin-1 RNAi bacteria. These results indicated that daf-16 transcription factor was required for A. marmelos-mediated delayed paralysis. Aegle marmelos enhanced the level of daf-16 gene. Taken together, these results indicated that A. marmelos reduced Aβ toxicity via the DAF-16-mediated cell signaling pathway. In addition, A. marmelos reduced toxic Aβ oligomers. Aegle marmelos also displayed antioxidative effect in in vivo as it enhanced resistance to paraquat-induced oxidative stress in wild type worms. All of the results suggested that A. marmelos can protect against Aβ-induced toxicity and can be a potential candidate for the prevention or treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roongpetch Keowkase
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand
| | - Nattanon Kijmankongkul
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand
| | - Wanapong Sangtian
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand
| | - Sireethorn Poomborplab
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand
| | | | - Natthida Weerapreeyakul
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
- Human High Performance and Health Promotion (HHP&HP) Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Thailand
| | - Worapan Sitthithaworn
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Srinakharinwirot University, Nakhonnayok, Thailand
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30
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31
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Kim BK, Kim SA, Baek SM, Lee EY, Lee ES, Chung CH, Ahn CM, Park SK. Cur2004-8, a synthetic curcumin derivative, extends lifespan and modulates age-related physiological changes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Drug Discov Ther 2020; 13:198-206. [PMID: 31534071 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2019.01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a compound found in Indian yellow curry, is known to possess various biological activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. Cur2004-8 is a synthetic curcumin derivative having symmetrical bis-alkynyl pyridines that shows a strong anti-angiogenic activity. In the present study, we examined the effect of dietary supplementation with Cur2004-8 on response to environmental stresses and aging using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system. Dietary intervention with Cur2004-8 significantly increased resistance of C. elegans to oxidative stress. Its anti-oxidative-stress effect was greater than curcumin. However, response of C. elegans to heat stress or ultraviolet irradiation was not significantly affected by Cur2004-8. Next, we examined the effect of Cur2004-8 on aging. Cur2004-8 significantly extended both mean and maximum lifespan, accompanying a shift in time-course distribution of progeny production. Age-related decline in motility was also delayed by supplementation with Cur2004-8. In addition, Cur2004-8 prevented amyloid-beta-induced toxicity in Alzheimer's disease model animals which required a forkhead box (FOXO) transcription factor DAF-16. Dietary supplementation with Cur2004-8 also reversed the increase of mortality observed in worms treated with high-glucose-diet. These results suggest that Cur2004-8 has higher anti-oxidant and anti-aging activities than curcumin. It can be used for the development of novel anti-aging product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University
| | - Sung-A Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University
| | - Sun-Mi Baek
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University
| | - Eun Young Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University
| | - Eun Soo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital.,Institute of Tissue Regeneration, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University
| | - Choon Hee Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Chan Mug Ahn
- Department of Basic Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University
| | - Sang-Kyu Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University
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32
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Undulating changes in human plasma proteome profiles across the lifespan. Nat Med 2019; 25:1843-1850. [PMID: 31806903 PMCID: PMC7062043 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 400] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a predominant risk factor for numerous chronic diseases that limit healthspan1. Mechanisms of aging are thus increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets. Blood from young mice reverses aspects of aging and disease across multiple tissues2–10, which supports a hypothesis that age-related molecular changes in blood could provide novel insights into age-related disease biology. We measured 2,925 plasma proteins from 4,263 young adults to nonagenarians (18–95 years old) and developed a novel bioinformatics approach, which uncovered marked non-linear alterations in the human plasma proteome with age. Waves of changes in the proteome in the fourth, seventh, and eighth decades of life reflected distinct biological pathways and revealed differential associations with the genome and proteome of age-related diseases and phenotypic traits. This new approach to the study of aging led to the identification of unexpected signatures and pathways, which might offer potential targets for age-related diseases.
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33
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Huang X, Su C, Chen S, Teng J, Zhao L, Chen S. Effect of klotho as an ageing suppressor on insulin signalling cascade in brain of d-galactose mice by Yisui moxibustion. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1665476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinge Huang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Chuanli Su
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shuyan Chen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Affiliated Orthopedics Surgery, Jianxiang Hospital, Foshan, PR China
| | - Jinlong Teng
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, PR China
| | - Shangjie Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Bao’an Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
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34
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Silva JC, Jones JG. Improving Metabolic Control Through Functional Foods. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3424-3438. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170523130123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Functional foods are designed to have physiological benefits and reduce the
risk of chronic disease beyond basic nutritional functions. Conditions related to overnutrition such as
Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 diabetes are increasingly serious concerns in Western societies. Several
nutrient classes are considered to protect against these conditions and this review focuses on the latest
clinical and preclinical evidence supporting their efficacy and the molecular mechanisms by which they
act.
Methods:
The review searched the literature for information and data on the following functional food
components and their protective effects against Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: Dietary fiber;
Medium-chain triglycerides and Ketone esters; ω3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids and Antioxidants.
Results:
Data from a hundred and four studies were reviewed and summarized. They indicate that dietary
fiber results in the production of beneficial short chain fatty acids via intestinal microbiota, as well
as increasing intestinal secretion of incretins and satiety peptides. Medium chain triglycerides and ketone
esters promote thermogenesis, inhibit lipolysis and reduce inflammation. They also decrease endogenous
synthesis of triglycerides and fatty acids. ω3-PUFA’s act to soften inflammation through an
increase in adiponectin secretion. Antioxidants are involved in the protection of insulin sensitivity by
PTP1B suppression and SIRT1 activation.
Conclusion:
Functional foods have actions that complement and/or potentiate other lifestyle interventions
for reversing Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes. Functional foods contribute to reduced
food intake by promoting satiety, less weight gain via metabolic uncoupling and improved insulin sensitivity
via several distinct mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- João C.P. Silva
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - John G. Jones
- Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, UC Biotech, Cantanhede, Portugal
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35
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Phosphatidylcholine Extends Lifespan via DAF-16 and Reduces Amyloid-Beta-Induced Toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2860642. [PMID: 31379987 PMCID: PMC6657616 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2860642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine is one of the major phospholipids comprising cellular membrane and is known to have several health-promoting activities, including the improvement of brain function and liver repair. In this paper, we examine the in vivo effect of dietary supplementation with phosphatidylcholine on the response to environmental stressors and aging in C. elegans. Treatment with phosphatidylcholine significantly increased the survival of worms under oxidative stress conditions. However, there was no significant difference in response to stresses caused by heat shock or ultraviolet irradiation. Oxidative stress is believed to be one of the major causal factors of aging. Then, we examined the effect of phosphatidylcholine on lifespan and age-related physiological changes. Phosphatidylcholine showed a lifespan-extending effect and a reduction in fertility, possibly as a tradeoff for long lifespan. Age-related decline of motility was also significantly delayed by supplementation with phosphatidylcholine. Interestingly, the expressions of well-known longevity-assuring genes, hsp-16.2 and sod-3, were significantly upregulated by dietary intervention with phosphatidylcholine. DAF-16, a transcription factor modulating stress response genes, was accumulated in the nucleus by phosphatidylcholine treatment. Increase of the ROS level with phosphatidylcholine suggests that the antioxidant and lifespan-extending effects are due to the hormetic effect of phosphatidylcholine. Phosphatidylcholine also showed a protective effect against amyloid beta-induced toxicity in Alzheimer's disease model animals. Experiments with long-lived mutants revealed that the lifespan-extending effect of phosphatidylcholine specifically overlapped with that of reduced insulin/IGF-1-like signaling and required DAF-16. These findings showed the antioxidant and antiaging activities of phosphatidylcholine for the first time in vivo. Further studies focusing on the identification of underlying cellular mechanisms involved in the antiaging effect will increase the possibility of using phosphatidylcholine for the development of antiaging therapeutics.
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Frere S, Slutsky I. Alzheimer's Disease: From Firing Instability to Homeostasis Network Collapse. Neuron 2019; 97:32-58. [PMID: 29301104 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) starts from pure cognitive impairments and gradually progresses into degeneration of specific brain circuits. Although numerous factors initiating AD have been extensively studied, the common principles underlying the transition from cognitive deficits to neuronal loss remain unknown. Here we describe an evolutionarily conserved, integrated homeostatic network (IHN) that enables functional stability of central neural circuits and safeguards from neurodegeneration. We identify the critical modules comprising the IHN and propose a central role of neural firing in controlling the complex homeostatic network at different spatial scales. We hypothesize that firing instability and impaired synaptic plasticity at early AD stages trigger a vicious cycle, leading to dysregulation of the whole IHN. According to this hypothesis, the IHN collapse represents the major driving force of the transition from early memory impairments to neurodegeneration. Understanding the core elements of homeostatic control machinery, the reciprocal connections between distinct IHN modules, and the role of firing homeostasis in this hierarchy has important implications for physiology and should offer novel conceptual approaches for AD and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Frere
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inna Slutsky
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Wentink A, Nussbaum-Krammer C, Bukau B. Modulation of Amyloid States by Molecular Chaperones. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:a033969. [PMID: 30755450 PMCID: PMC6601462 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a033969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant protein aggregation is a defining feature of most neurodegenerative diseases. During pathological aggregation, key proteins transition from their native state to alternative conformations, which are prone to oligomerize into highly ordered fibrillar states. As part of the cellular quality control machinery, molecular chaperones can intervene at many stages of the aggregation process to inhibit or reverse aberrant protein aggregation or counteract the toxicity associated with amyloid species. Although the action of chaperones is considered cytoprotective, essential housekeeping functions can be hijacked for the propagation and spreading of protein aggregates, suggesting the cellular protein quality control system constitutes a double-edged sword in neurodegeneration. Here, we discuss the various mechanisms used by chaperones to influence protein aggregation into amyloid fibrils to understand how the interplay of these activities produces specific cellular outcomes and to define mechanisms that may be targeted by pharmacological agents for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Wentink
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Nussbaum-Krammer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bernd Bukau
- Center for Molecular Biology of Heidelberg University (ZMBH) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Zegarra-Valdivia JA, Santi A, Fernández de Sevilla ME, Nuñez A, Torres Aleman I. Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Deficiency Associates to Alzheimer’s Disease Co-Morbidities. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 69:979-987. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-190241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Santi
- Cajal Institute (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Spain
| | | | - Angel Nuñez
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, UAM, Madrid, Spain
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Yan J, Yang Z, Zhao N, Li Z, Cao X. Gastrodin protects dopaminergic neurons via insulin-like pathway in a Parkinson's disease model. BMC Neurosci 2019; 20:31. [PMID: 31208386 PMCID: PMC6580469 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-019-0512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, the use of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has become more generally accepted, including by the Food and Drug Administration. To expand the use of TCM worldwide, it is important to study the molecular mechanisms by which TCM and its active ingredients produce effects. Gastrodin is an active ingredient from Gastrodia elata Blume. It is reported that gastrodin has neuroprotective function in Parkinson's disease. But its mechanisms of neuroprotection remain not clear in PD. Here, we build two C. elegans PD model using 6-OHDA and transgenic animal to observe the changes of PD worms treated with or without gastrodin to confirm the function of gastrodin, then utilize mutant worms to investigate DAF-2/DAF-16 signaling pathway, and finally verify the mechanism of gastrodin in PD. RESULTS Gastrodin attenuates the accumulation of α-synuclein and the injury of dopaminergic neurons, improves chemotaxis behavior in Parkinson's disease models, then recovers chemotaxis behavior by insulin-like pathway. DAF-2/DAF-16 is required for neuroprotective effect of dopamine neuron in PD. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that gastrodin rescued dopaminergic neurons and reduced accumulation of α-synuclein protein, and the activity of gastrodin against Parkinson's disease depended on the insulin-like DAF-2/DAF-16 signaling pathway. Our findings revealed that this insulin-like pathway mediates neuroprotection of gastrodin in a Parkinson's disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Yan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Zhongshan Yang
- Faculty of Basic Medicine, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, 650500 Yunnan China
| | - Ninghui Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
| | - Xia Cao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 374 Dian Mian Road, Kunming, 650101 Yunnan China
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Cai W, Wu J, Wang X, Huang J, Shen Z, Chen X. Epimedium flavonoids mitigate proteotoxicity and extend healthspan via DAF-16 in C. elegans. TRADITIONAL MEDICINE AND MODERN MEDICINE 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s2575900019500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Epimedium flavonoids (EF), the raw extract of medicinal herb Epimedium, have been shown to have broad beneficial effects in the elderly including those with neurodegeneration. The goal of this study is to investigate whether EF is protective against proteotoxicity and whether it extends healthspan in C. elegans. Methods: Animals were treated with EF supplemented in the growth medium. Two C. elegans models of human proteotoxic disease, CL4176 expressing an aggregated amyloid-[Formula: see text] (1–42) peptide (A[Formula: see text]1–42) and AM140 expressing a polyglutamine (polyQ) protein, were exploited to test the anti-proteotoxicity of EF. Proteotoxicity-induced paralysis in CL4176 and AM140 was evaluated. Lifespan, stress resistance, and locomotion were tested in wild-type N2 C. elegans. Lifespan assays were also performed in CF1038, a daf-16 null mutant strain. DAF-16 nuclear translocation was analyzed in TJ356, a strain expressing a functional DAF-16::GFP fusion protein. The mRNA levels of downstream targets of DAF-16 were measured by qPCR. Results: EF significantly reduced A[Formula: see text]1–42- and polyQ-induced paralysis in CL4176 and AM140, indicating the anti-proteotoxic potency of EF. EF significantly extended the lifespan and promoted stress resistance and locomotion in N2, demonstrating a healthspan extension effect of EF. DAF-16 nuclear localization and its downstream targets, sod-3 and hsp-16.2 mRNA levels, were significantly elevated with EF. EF did not increase the lifespan of daf-16 null mutant CF1038, revealing a DAF-16-dependent mechanism of EF effect on lifespan. Conclusion: We found that EF, a natural extract from a widely used medicinal herb Epimedium, protects against proteotoxicity and extends the healthspan via DAF-16 in C. elegans. Our work may provide molecular insights into the clinical benefits of EF and Epimedium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waijiao Cai
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Junzhen Wu
- Institutes of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Xinliumei Wang
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Jianhua Huang
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Ziyin Shen
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
| | - Xiqun Chen
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P. R. China
- MassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
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Lewitt MS, Boyd GW. The Role of Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins in the Nervous System. BIOCHEMISTRY INSIGHTS 2019; 12:1178626419842176. [PMID: 31024217 PMCID: PMC6472167 DOI: 10.1177/1178626419842176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and their receptors are widely expressed in nervous tissue from early embryonic life. They also cross the blood brain barriers by active transport, and their regulation as endocrine factors therefore differs from other tissues. In brain, IGFs have paracrine and autocrine actions that are modulated by IGF-binding proteins and interact with other growth factor signalling pathways. The IGF system has roles in nervous system development and maintenance. There is substantial evidence for a specific role for this system in some neurodegenerative diseases, and neuroprotective actions make this system an attractive target for new therapeutic approaches. In developing new therapies, interaction with IGF-binding proteins and other growth factor signalling pathways should be considered. This evidence is reviewed, gaps in knowledge are highlighted, and recommendations are made for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moira S Lewitt
- School of Health & Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
| | - Gary W Boyd
- School of Health & Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley, UK
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Unexpected systemic phenotypes result from focal combined deficiencies of forebrain insulin receptor/IGF-1 receptor signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:5852-5854. [PMID: 30858326 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1901970116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Das TK, Chakrabarti SK, Zulkipli IN, Abdul Hamid MR. Curcumin Ameliorates the Impaired Insulin Signaling Involved in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease in Rats. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2019; 3:59-70. [PMID: 31025030 PMCID: PMC6481473 DOI: 10.3233/adr-180091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, dysregulation of the insulin signaling pathway in the brain has not been demonstrated unequivocally in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The purpose of the study was to examine the possible dysregulation of insulin signaling pathway in an AD rat model. Furthermore, the present study investigated the effect of Donepezil and Curcumin on insulin signaling, insulin, and glucose levels in AD rat brain. The rats were induced to develop AD by intraperitoneal administration of Scopolamine. We found that glucose levels in plasma and brain were decreased in AD rats, whereas the insulin levels was increased in plasma but decreased in brain in AD rats. In addition, insulin signaling proteins IR-β, IGF-1, IRS-1, IRS-2 p-Akt (Ser473), and Akt were markedly reduced in the AD rats. Furthermore, GLUT3 and GLUT4 levels in the brain were markedly reduced in AD rats. All these data were compared to Saline-treated control rats. Curcumin significantly increased glucose levels in plasma and in brain. However, insulin levels was decreased in plasma and was increased in AD rats' brain. Moreover, GLUT3 and GLUT4 levels were significantly increased in Curcumin-treated AD rats. All these data were compared to Scopolamine- induced AD rats. Thus amelioration of impaired insulin signaling and improved glucose regulation in AD rats by Curcumin may be beneficial in the management of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Kanti Das
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Brunei
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Ihsan Nazurah Zulkipli
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Brunei
| | - Mas R.W. Abdul Hamid
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam, PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam, Brunei
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Peixoto H, Roxo M, Silva E, Valente K, Braun M, Wang X, Wink M. Bark Extract of the Amazonian Tree Endopleura uchi (Humiriaceae) Extends Lifespan and Enhances Stress Resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Molecules 2019; 24:E915. [PMID: 30845642 PMCID: PMC6429406 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec (Humiriaceae), known as uxi or uxi-amarelo in Brazil, is an endemic tree of the Amazon forest. In traditional medicine, its stem bark is used to treat a variety of health disorders, including cancer, diabetes, arthritis, uterine inflammation, and gynecological infections. According to HPLC analysis, the main constituent of the bark extract is the polyphenol bergenin. In the current study, we demonstrate by in vitro and in vivo experiments the antioxidant potential of a water extract from the stem bark of E. uchi. When tested in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, the extract enhanced stress resistance via the DAF-16/FOXO pathway. Additionally, the extract promoted an increase in the lifespan of the worms independent from caloric restriction. It also attenuated the age-related muscle function decline and formation of polyQ40 plaques, as a model for Huntington's disease. Thus, these data support anti-aging and anti-oxidant properties of E. uchi, which has not yet been described. More studies are needed to assess the real benefits of E. uchi bark for human health and its toxicological profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbenya Peixoto
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Mariana Roxo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Emerson Silva
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), 6200 General Rodrigo, Manaus 69077-000, Brazil.
| | - Karla Valente
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), 6200 General Rodrigo, Manaus 69077-000, Brazil.
| | - Markus Braun
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Michael Wink
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, INF 364, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Latorre E, Ostler EL, Faragher RGA, Harries LW. FOXO1 and ETV6 genes may represent novel regulators of splicing factor expression in cellular senescence. FASEB J 2019; 33:1086-1097. [PMID: 30088951 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801154r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Cellular plasticity is a key facet of cellular homeostasis requiring correct temporal and spatial patterns of alternative splicing. Splicing factors, which orchestrate this process, demonstrate age-related dysregulation of expression; they are emerging as potential influences on aging and longevity. The upstream drivers of these alterations are still unclear but may involve aberrant cellular signaling. We compared the phosphorylation status of proteins in multiple signaling pathways in early and late passage human primary fibroblasts. We then assessed the impact of chemical inhibition or targeted knockdown of direct downstream targets of the ERK and AKT pathways on splicing factor expression, cellular senescence, and proliferation kinetics in senescent primary human fibroblasts. Components of the ERK and AKT signaling pathways demonstrated altered activation during cellular aging. Inhibition of AKT and ERK pathways led to up-regulation of splicing factor expression, reduction in senescent cell load, and partial reversal of multiple cellular senescence phenotypes in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, targeted knockdown of the genes encoding the downstream targets FOXO1 or ETV6 was sufficient to mimic these observations. Our results suggest that age-associated dysregulation of splicing factor expression and cellular senescence may derive in part from altered activity of ERK and AKT signaling and may act in part through the ETV6 and FOXO1 transcription factors. Targeting the activity of downstream effectors of ERK and AKT may therefore represent promising targets for future therapeutic intervention.-Latorre, E., Ostler, E. L., Faragher, R. G. A., Harries, L. W. FOXO1 and ETV6 genes may represent novel regulators of splicing factor expression in cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Latorre
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom; and
| | - Elizabeth L Ostler
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Richard G A Faragher
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Lorna W Harries
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Devon, United Kingdom; and
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46
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Fernandez A, Santi A, Torres Aleman I. Insulin Peptides as Mediators of the Impact of Life Style in Alzheimer's disease. Brain Plast 2018; 4:3-15. [PMID: 30564544 PMCID: PMC6297900 DOI: 10.3233/bpl-180071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for the cause of Alzheimer's disease (AD), that affects millions of people worldwide, is currently one of the most important scientific endeavors from a clinical perspective. There are so many mechanisms proposed, and so disparate changes observed, that it is becoming a challenging task to provide a comprehensive view of possible pathogenic processes in AD. Tauopathy (intracellular neurofibrillary tangles) and amyloidosis (extracellular amyloid plaques) are the anatomical hallmarks of the disease, and the formation of these proteinaceous aggregates in specific brain areas is widely held as the ultimate pathogenic mechanism. However, the triggers of this dysproteostasis process remain unknown. Further, neurofibrillary tangles and plaques may only constitute the last stages of a process of still uncertain origin. Thus, without an established knowledge of its etiology, and no cure in the horizon, prevention - or merely delaying its development, has become a last-resort goal in AD research. As with other success stories in preventive medicine, epidemiological studies have provided basic knowledge of risk factors in AD that may contribute to understand its etiology. Disregarding old age, gender, and ApoE4 genotype as non preventable risk factors, there are diverse life-style traits - many of them closely related to cardiovascular health, that have been associated to AD risk. Most prominent among them are diet, physical and mental activity, exposure to stress, and sleep/wake patterns. We argue that all these life-style factors engage insulinergic pathways that affect brain function, providing a potentially unifying thread for life-style and AD risk. Although further studies are needed to firmly establish a link between faulty insulinergic function and AD, we herein summarize the evidence that this link should be thoroughly considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Santi
- Cajal Institute and Ciberned, Madrid, Spain
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47
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Clatici VG, Voicu C, Voaides C, Roseanu A, Icriverzi M, Jurcoane S. Diseases of Civilization - Cancer, Diabetes, Obesity and Acne - the Implication of Milk, IGF-1 and mTORC1. MAEDICA 2018; 13:273-281. [PMID: 30774725 PMCID: PMC6362881 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2018.13.4.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition and food are one of the most complex aspects of human lives, being influenced by biochemical, psychological, social and cultural factors. The Western diet is the prototype of modern dietary pattern and is mainly characterized by the intake of large amounts of red meat, dairy products, refined grains and sugar. Large amounts of scientific evidence positively correlate Western diet to acne, obesity, diabetes, heart disease and cancer, the so-called "diseases of civilization". The pathophysiological common ground of all these pathologies is the IGF-1 and mTORC pathways, which will be disscussed further in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anca Roseanu
- Department of Ligand-Receptor Interaction, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Madalina Icriverzi
- Department of Ligand-Receptor Interaction, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, Bucharest, Romania
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48
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Bartke A, Quainoo N. Impact of Growth Hormone-Related Mutations on Mammalian Aging. Front Genet 2018; 9:586. [PMID: 30542372 PMCID: PMC6278173 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of a single gene can lead to a major increase in longevity in organisms ranging from yeast and worms to insects and mammals. Discovering these mutations (sometimes referred to as “longevity genes”) led to identification of evolutionarily conserved molecular, cellular, and organismal mechanisms of aging. Studies in mice provided evidence for the important role of growth hormone (GH) signaling in mammalian aging. Mice with mutations or gene deletions leading to GH deficiency or GH resistance have reduced body size and delayed maturation, but are healthier and more resistant to stress, age slower, and live longer than their normal (wild type) siblings. Mutations of the same genes in people can provide remarkable protection from age-related disease, but have no consistent impact on lifespan. Ongoing research indicates that genetic defects in GH signaling are linked to extension of healthspan and lifespan via a variety of interlocking mechanism, including improvements in genome and stem cell maintenance, stress resistance, glucose homeostasis, and thermogenesis, along with reductions in the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) C1 complex signaling and in chronic low grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Bartke
- Department of Internal Medicine, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, United States
| | - Nana Quainoo
- Department of Biology, University of Illinois Springfield, Springfield, IL, United States
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Kim SH, Kim BK, Park SK. Selenocysteine mimics the effect of dietary restriction on lifespan via SKN‑1 and retards age‑associated pathophysiological changes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5389-5398. [PMID: 30365103 PMCID: PMC6236260 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenocysteine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, can modulate cellular oxidative stress defense systems by incorporating into anti-oxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase. Selenocysteine can also prevent cancer, neurodegenerative diseases and cardiovascular diseases. A recent study revealed that dietary supplementation with selenocysteine can increase the resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans to environmental stressors and its lifespan. The objective of the present study was to identify the underlying mechanism involved in the lifespan-extending effect of selenocysteine and the effect of selenocysteine on age-associated pathophysiological changes. Lifespan assays with known long-lived mutants of age-1 (the ortholog of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase), clk-1 (the ortholog of demethoxyubiquinone hydroxylase) and eat-2 (a ligand-gated ion channel subunit) revealed that the effect of selenocysteine on lifespan specifically overlapped with that of the eat-2 mutation, a genetic model of dietary restriction (DR). Selenocysteine mimicked the effect of DR on the bacterial dilution method. It required SKN-1 (the ortholog of mammalian nuclear factor-erythroid-related factor) for lifespan extension. In addition, selenocysteine significantly delayed the paralysis induced by human amyloid-β gene, positively correlated with the incidence of Alzheimer's disease. The effect of selenocysteine on amyloid-β-induced toxicity was dependent on the nuclear localization of DAF-16. Reduced survival caused by high-glucose-diet was recovered by selenocysteine. Selenocysteine also reduced the cellular level of reactive oxygen species known to be increased by high-glucose-diet. The results of the present study suggested that selenocysteine can mimic the effect of DR on lifespan and age-associated pathophysiological alterations, providing scientific evidence for the development of DR mimetics using selenocysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Hyeon Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Kyu Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, Chungnam 31538, Republic of Korea
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Chen PH, Chi JT, Boyce M. Functional crosstalk among oxidative stress and O-GlcNAc signaling pathways. Glycobiology 2018; 28:556-564. [PMID: 29548027 PMCID: PMC6054262 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwy027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In metazoans, thousands of intracellular proteins are modified with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) in response to a wide range of stimuli and stresses. In particular, a complex and evolutionarily conserved interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and oxidative stress has emerged in recent years. Here, we review the current literature on the connections between O-GlcNAc and oxidative stress, with a particular emphasis on major signaling pathways, such as KEAP1/NRF2, FOXO, NFκB, p53 and cell metabolism. Taken together, this work sheds important light on the signaling functions of protein glycosylation and the mechanisms of stress responses alike and illuminates how the two are integrated in animal cell physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Han Chen
- Department of Biochemistry
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jen-Tsan Chi
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology
- Center for Genomic and Computational Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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