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Almuammar S, Aljaaly E, Alqarni L, Alazwari H, Alsubhi R, Alatawi N. Evaluating Night-Eating Syndrome in bariatric surgery patients: A cross-sectional study. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:118. [PMID: 38664745 PMCID: PMC11046776 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06774-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Night-Eating Syndrome (NES) is a complex eating disorder that has gained recognition in the context of bariatric surgery. However, its prevalence and associated factors in this specific patient population remain understudied, particularly in the Saudi Arabian context. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from June to November 2022. Adult patients who had undergone bariatric surgery with a postoperative follow-up of 6 months were included. NES was assessed using the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ). RESULTS A total of 154 patients were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 38.8 ± 11.4 years. The mean BMI before surgery was 44.8 ± 8.2 kg/m2, which reduced to 28.9 ± 5.8 kg/m2 post-surgery. Of these, 52 patients (33.8%) met the criteria for NES based on NEQ scores. The prevalence of NES was significantly higher among female patients, with 35 out of 83 females (42.2%) compared to 17 out of 71 males (23.9%) experiencing NES. While NES was not significantly associated with age, nationality, diet adherence, BMI, or surgery type, chronic diseases-particularly diabetes-emerged as significant risk factors for NES in post-bariatric surgery patients. CONCLUSION NES is a prevalent concern among post-bariatric surgery patients, with distinct associations with gender and chronic diseases, particularly diabetes. This study provides valuable insights into NES prevalence and its risk factors in the Saudi Arabian context, highlighting the importance of addressing eating disorders within the framework of bariatric surgery care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Almuammar
- Family Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Elham Aljaaly
- Clinical Nutrition Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Alqarni
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeel Alazwari
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruba Alsubhi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Alatawi
- Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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2
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Romo-Nava F, Guerdjikova AI, Mori NN, Scheer FAJL, Burgess HJ, McNamara RK, Welge JA, Grilo CM, McElroy SL. A matter of time: A systematic scoping review on a potential role of the circadian system in binge eating behavior. Front Nutr 2022; 9:978412. [PMID: 36159463 PMCID: PMC9493346 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.978412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging research suggests that food intake timing, eating behavior and food preference are associated with aspects of the circadian system function but the role that the circadian system may play in binge eating (BE) behavior in humans remains unclear. Objective To systematically evaluate the evidence for circadian system involvement in BE behavior. Methods Systematic searches of PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus were performed for reports published from inception until May 2020 (PROSPERO Registration CRD42020186325). Searches were conducted by combining Medical Subject Headings related to the circadian system, BE behavior, and/or interventions. Observational and interventional studies in humans with BE behavior published in peer-review journals in the English language were included. Studies were assessed using quality and risk of bias tools (AXIS, ROB 2.0, or ROBINS). Results The search produced 660 articles, 51 of which were included in this review. Of these articles, 46 were observational studies and 5 were interventional trials. Evidence from these studies suggests that individuals with BE behavior tend to have more food intake, more binge cravings, and more BE episodes later in the day. Hormonal and day/night locomotor activity rhythm disturbances may be associated with BE behavior. Furthermore, late diurnal preference ("eveningness") was associated with BE behavior and chronobiological interventions that shift the circadian clock earlier (e.g., morning bright light therapy) were found to possibly decrease BE behavior. Substantive clinical overlap exists between BE and night eating behavior. However, there is a significant knowledge gap regarding their potential relationship with the circadian system. Limitations include the lack of studies that use best-established techniques to assess the chronobiology of BE behavior, heterogeneity of participants, diagnostic criteria, and study design, which preclude a meta-analytic approach. Conclusion Current evidence, although limited, suggests that the circadian system may play a role in the etiology of BE behavior. Further mechanistic studies are needed to fully characterize a potential role of the circadian system in BE behavior. A chronobiological approach to studying BE behavior may lead to identification of its neurobiological components and development of novel therapeutic interventions. Systematic review registration [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020186325], identifier [CRD42020186325].
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Romo-Nava
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States,*Correspondence: Francisco Romo-Nava,
| | - Anna I. Guerdjikova
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Nicole N. Mori
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Frank A. J. L. Scheer
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States,Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Helen J. Burgess
- Sleep and Circadian Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Robert K. McNamara
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Welge
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States,Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Carlos M. Grilo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Susan L. McElroy
- Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH, United States,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
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Guerrero-Hreins E, Foldi CJ, Oldfield BJ, Stefanidis A, Sumithran P, Brown RM. Gut-brain mechanisms underlying changes in disordered eating behaviour after bariatric surgery: a review. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 23:733-751. [PMID: 34851508 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-021-09696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery results in long-term weight loss and an improved metabolic phenotype due to changes in the gut-brain axis regulating appetite and glycaemia. Neuroendocrine alterations associated with bariatric surgery may also influence hedonic aspects of eating by inducing changes in taste preferences and central reward reactivity towards palatable food. However, the impact of bariatric surgery on disordered eating behaviours (e.g.: binge eating, loss-of-control eating, emotional eating and 'addictive eating'), which are commonly present in people with obesity are not well understood. Increasing evidence suggests gut-derived signals, such as appetitive hormones, bile acid profiles, microbiota concentrations and associated neuromodulatory metabolites, can influence pathways in the brain implicated in food intake, including brain areas involved in sensorimotor, reward-motivational, emotional-arousal and executive control components of food intake. As disordered eating prevalence is a key mediator of weight-loss success and patient well-being after bariatric surgery, understanding how changes in the gut-brain axis contribute to disordered eating incidence and severity after bariatric surgery is crucial to better improve treatment outcomes in people with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Guerrero-Hreins
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claire J Foldi
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brian J Oldfield
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Aneta Stefanidis
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Priya Sumithran
- Department of Medicine (St Vincent's), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Robyn M Brown
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia.
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Brancati GE, Barbuti M, Calderone A, Fierabracci P, Salvetti G, Weiss F, Santini F, Perugi G. Prevalence and psychiatric comorbidities of night-eating behavior in obese bariatric patients: preliminary evidence for a connection between night-eating and bipolar spectrum disorders. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1695-1704. [PMID: 34617263 PMCID: PMC9122845 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01306-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The co-occurrence of obesity, eating and mood disorders has been frequently reported in clinical and epidemiological settings. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of night-eating obese patients referred for bariatric surgery and to identify associated psychopathology and psychiatric comorbidity. METHODS The sample was composed of 121 obese patients consecutively enrolled between November 2010 and May 2012 during psychiatric evaluations for bariatric intervention. Clinical features and psychiatric diagnoses were collected. Night-eating was investigated through the administration of the Night-eating Questionnaires (NEQ) and was defined as the presence of self-reported evening hyperphagia and/or nocturnal ingestions. Binge-eating and purging behaviors and general psychopathology were respectively assessed using the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. RESULTS Night-eating was reported by twenty subjects (16.5%). Patients with night-eating behavior were significantly more frequently diagnosed with bipolar spectrum disorders and with comorbid eating and mood disorders in comparison with other patients. Night-eating patients showed significantly more binging/purging behaviors and greater severity of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobic anxiety, psychoticism and sleep disorders. Patients with bipolar disorder type 1 or 2 scored significantly higher than those without mood disorders at NEQ total score, mood/sleep and nocturnal ingestions subscales, but also scored significantly higher than other patients with mood disorders at the latter subscale. CONCLUSION Patients with evening hyperphagia and/or nocturnal ingestions should be carefully evaluated to detect possible bipolar spectrum disorders and other eating disorders. Prompt management of these conditions should be provided before bariatric interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Emilio Brancati
- Psychiatry 2 Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italia
| | - Margherita Barbuti
- Psychiatry 2 Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italia
| | - Alba Calderone
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Fierabracci
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Guido Salvetti
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Weiss
- Psychiatry 2 Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italia
| | - Ferruccio Santini
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obesity and Lipodystrophy Research Center, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Perugi
- Psychiatry 2 Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italia.
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Muscatello MRA, Torre G, Celebre L, Dell'Osso B, Mento C, Zoccali RA, Bruno A. 'In the night kitchen': A scoping review on the night eating syndrome. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:120-136. [PMID: 34169752 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211025714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND First described in 1955, night eating syndrome refers to an abnormal eating behavior clinically defined by the presence of evening hyperphagia (>25% of daily caloric intake) and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion occurring ⩾ 2 times per week. AIMS Although the syndrome is frequently comorbid with obesity, metabolic and psychiatric disorders, its etiopathogenesis, diagnosis, assessment and treatment still remain not fully understood. METHODS This review was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines; PubMed database was searched until 31 October 2020, using the key terms: 'Night Eating Syndrome' AND 'complications' OR 'diagnosis' OR 'drug therapy' OR 'epidemiology' OR 'etiology' OR 'physiology' OR 'physiopathology' OR 'psychology' OR 'therapy'. RESULTS From a total of 239 citations, 120 studies assessing night eating syndrome met the inclusion criteria to be included in the review. CONCLUSION The inclusion of night eating syndrome into the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 'Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders' category should drive the attention of clinician and researchers toward this syndrome that is still defined by evolving diagnostic criteria. The correct identification and assessment of NES could facilitate the detection and the diagnosis of this disorder, whose bio-psycho-social roots support its multifactorial nature. The significant rates of comorbid illnesses associated with NES and the overlapping symptoms with other eating disorders require a focused clinical attention. Treatment options for night eating syndrome include both pharmacological (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, topiramate and melatonergic drugs) and non-pharmachological approaches; the combination of such strategies within a multidisciplinary approach should be addressed in future, well-sized and long-term studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Torre
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Celebre
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bernardo Dell'Osso
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Luigi Sacco, Ospedale Sacco-Polo Universitario, ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,CRC 'Aldo Ravelli' for Neurotechnology and Experimental Brain Therapeutics, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Carmela Mento
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Antonio Zoccali
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Bruno
- Department of Biomedical, Dental Sciences and Morpho-Functional Imaging, University Hospital of Messina 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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6
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Predictors of binge eating disorder and the impact on the quality of life in patients with severe obesity before bariatric surgery. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1011364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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7
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Cheng TY, Akhiyat YM, Mehta N, Ahlich E, Verzijl CL, Chermak R, Weiss AL, Rancourt D. Eating Disorder Symptomatology Among Adolescents Presenting for Bariatric Surgery Candidacy: Examining Differences by Sex and Racial Minority Status. Obes Surg 2021; 31:5295-5302. [PMID: 34599727 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on adolescent bariatric surgery candidates is limited by insufficient inclusion of ethnic minorities and males, and lack of consideration of the full spectrum of disordered eating behaviors (i.e., restriction, compensatory behaviors [e.g., purging], overeating/binge eating behaviors). OBJECTIVES The current study investigated differences in the full range of disordered eating behaviors across sex and ethnicity among adolescents seeking bariatric surgery. SETTING Teaching hospital, United States. METHODS Data were collected using retrospective chart review of 79 adolescent bariatric surgery candidates (59% female, 46.8% Hispanic, MBMI = 50.2, SDBMI = 10.0, Mage = 17.3, SDage = 2.02) who had completed the self-reported Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale for DSM-5 at intake. RESULTS Approximately 33% of study participants met self-reported criteria for an eating disorder, with 35% endorsing binge eating behaviors and 50% endorsing compensatory behaviors. Few differences in behavior frequencies were observed across sex or racial/ethnic status. CONCLUSIONS Findings underscore the importance of assessing the full spectrum of disordered eating behaviors among adolescent bariatric surgery candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Y Cheng
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Yasmine M Akhiyat
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Nitisha Mehta
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Erica Ahlich
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave., PCD4118G, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Christina L Verzijl
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave., PCD4118G, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA
| | - Rebecca Chermak
- Tampa General Hospital and USF Health Bariatric Center, 5 Tampa General Cir, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA
| | - Amy L Weiss
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
- Tampa General Hospital and USF Health Bariatric Center, 5 Tampa General Cir, Tampa, FL, 33606, USA
| | - Diana Rancourt
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, 4202 East Fowler Ave., PCD4118G, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
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Nicolau J, Romerosa JM, Rodríguez I, Sanchís P, Bonet A, Arteaga M, Fortuny R, Masmiquel L. Associations of food addiction with metabolic control, medical complications and depression among patients with type 2 diabetes. Acta Diabetol 2020; 57:1093-1100. [PMID: 32277296 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-020-01519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Food addiction (FA) is conceptualized as a behavioral pattern that is similar in some ways to addictions to alcohol and other substances. This disorder has not been well studied among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). We aimed to analyze if there is any relationship between FA and clinical or psychological variables among patients with T2DM. METHODS Three hundred patients with T2DM were analyzed cross-sectionally. Participants were evaluated for the presence of FA by completing the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 questionnaire. RESULTS 29.3% of patients screened positive for FA. Patients with FA had a greater BMI (33.41 ± 7.5 vs. 31.6 ± 5.9 kg/m2; p = 0.04). HbA1c was higher among individuals with FA (7.9 ± 4.4 vs. 7.6 ± 1.4%, p = 0.008). The proportion of subjects with diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy was greater among patients with criteria for FA compared with patients without this condition (25% vs. 13.2%, 29.5% vs. 21.8% and 32% vs. 22.3%; p = 0.03, p = 0.05 and p = 0.05, respectively). The percentage of patients with FA with significant depressive symptoms was also greater (36.4% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The presence of FA among T2DM patients implied a worse glycaemic control. Microvascular complications and depressive symptoms were higher among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Nicolau
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Juan Manuel Romerosa
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Irene Rodríguez
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchís
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Aina Bonet
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Magdalena Arteaga
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Regina Fortuny
- Hormonal Laboratory, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Lluís Masmiquel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, University Institute of Health Science Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Balearic Islands (IdISBA), Ctra Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
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Uncu F, Evcimen H, Gülnaroğlu B. Investigation of the Relationship Between Impulsivity and Night Eating Attitudes of Obese and Nonobese Individuals. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2017.0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fatoş Uncu
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Hasan Evcimen
- Patient Care at Home Department, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Betül Gülnaroğlu
- Nursing Department, Institute of Health Sciences, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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10
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Gordon G, Brockmeyer T, Schmidt U, Campbell IC. Combining cognitive bias modification training (CBM) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to treat binge eating disorder: study protocol of a randomised controlled feasibility trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030023. [PMID: 31640997 PMCID: PMC6830595 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Binge eating disorder (BED) is a common mental disorder, closely associated with obesity. Existing treatments are only moderately effective with high relapse rates, necessitating novel interventions. This paper describes the rationale for, and protocol of, a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT), evaluating the combination of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and a computerised cognitive training, namely approach bias modification training (ABM), in patients with BED who are overweight or obese. The aim of this trial is to obtain information that will guide decision-making and protocol development in relation to a future large-scale RCT of combined tDCS+ABM treatment in this group of patients, and also to assess the preliminary efficacy of this intervention. METHODS AND ANALYSIS 66 participants with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5 diagnosis of BED and a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25 kg/m2 will be randomly allocated to one of three groups: ABM+real tDCS; ABM+sham tDCS or a wait-list control group. Participants in both intervention groups will receive six sessions of ABM+real/sham tDCS over 3 weeks; engaging in the ABM task while simultaneously receiving bilateral tDCS to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. ABM is based on an implicit learning paradigm in which participants are trained to enact an avoidance behaviour in response to visual food cues. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, post-treatment (3 weeks) and follow-up (7 weeks post-randomisation). Feasibility outcomes assess recruitment and retention rates, acceptability of random allocation, blinding success (allocation concealment), completion of treatment sessions and research assessments. Other outcomes include eating disorder psychopathology and related neurocognitive outcomes (ie, delay of gratification and inhibitory control), BMI, other psychopathology (ie, mood), approach bias towards food and surrogate endpoints (ie, food cue reactivity, trait food craving and food intake). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the North West-Liverpool East Research Ethics Committee. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN35717198.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Gordon
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Timo Brockmeyer
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, University of Gottingen, Goettingen, Niedersachsen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Schmidt
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Iain C Campbell
- Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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11
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Shoar S, Naderan M, Mahmoodzadeh H, Shoar N, Lotfi D. Night eating syndrome: a psychiatric disease, a sleep disorder, a delayed circadian eating rhythm, and/or a metabolic condition? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019; 14:351-358. [PMID: 31536375 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2019.1657006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Night Eating Syndrome (NES) refers to an abnormal eating behavior which presents as evening hyperphagia consuming >25% calorie intake and/or nocturnal awaking with food ingestion which occurs ≥2 times per week. Although the syndrome has been described more than seven decades ago, the literature has been growing slowly on its etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Areas covered: The proposed treatment options for NES are all at a case-study level. Moreover, our understanding of its etiology, comorbidities, and diagnosis is still premature. We performed a literature review in Medline/PubMed to identify all the studies proposing a management plan for NES and summarized all the existing data on its diagnosis and treatment. Expert opinion: To date, none of the proposed treatment options for NES have been promising and long-term data on its efficacy is lacking. The slow growth of evidence on this debilitating but underreported condition may be due to unawareness among clinicians, under-reporting by patients, and unrecognized diagnostic criteria. Objective screening of symptoms during office visits especially for patients at a high-risk for NES will identify more patients suffering from the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Shoar
- Clinical Research Scientist, ScientificWriting Corporation , Houston , TX , USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mohammad Naderan
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Habibollah Mahmoodzadeh
- Cancer Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
| | - Nasrin Shoar
- Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Science , Kashan , Iran
| | - Djamshid Lotfi
- Clinical Research Scientist, ScientificWriting Corporation , Houston , TX , USA
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Science , Tehran , Iran
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Williams-Kerver GA, Steffen KJ, Mitchell JE. Eating Pathology After Bariatric Surgery: an Updated Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2019; 21:86. [PMID: 31410596 PMCID: PMC7953688 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-019-1071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The goal of this paper was to extend the prior literature on eating pathology following bariatric surgery by highlighting themes in data published over the past 3 years and identifying limitations and future directions for research. RECENT FINDINGS Changes in eating pathology after bariatric surgery remain consistent with previous research. Specifically, diagnostic prevalence rates and incidence of related behaviors generally decrease following surgery. However, some research supports that these factors increase and/or remit over time following surgery, and that they subsequently have a negative impact on weight loss outcomes. While recent findings have extended knowledge on eating pathology following bariatric surgery, the overall body of literature is still relatively limited. Additional research is needed, including work focusing on the standardization of eating pathology definitions, development/validation of standardized eating pathology instruments for bariatric surgery patients, and predictors of risk for continued or new onset eating pathology following surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail A Williams-Kerver
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, 120 South 8th St., P.O. Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA.
| | - Kristine J Steffen
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, 120 South 8th St., P.O. Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Nursing, and Alliances, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - James E Mitchell
- Center for Biobehavioral Research, Sanford Research, 120 South 8th St., P.O. Box 2010, Fargo, ND, 58122, USA
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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13
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Zickgraf HF, Stefano E, Price J, Veldheer S, Rogers A, Rigby A. The relationship between food insecurity and binge and night eating symptoms in prebariatric surgery patients is mediated by depressive symptoms. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2019; 15:1374-1379. [PMID: 31248792 PMCID: PMC7057546 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eleven percent of households in the United States experience food insecurity, which is a lack of access to adequate, desirable food for a healthy lifestyle. Although food insecurity is associated with increased risk of obesity and nonadherence to dietary management of chronic diseases such as diabetes, the correlates of food insecurity have not yet been studied in a bariatric surgery population. OBJECTIVES To replicate, in a bariatric sample, previous findings that food insecurity is related to eating pathology and to test the hypothesis that this relationship is mediated by depressive symptoms. SETTING University hospital, United States. METHODS Two hundred forty bariatric surgery candidates responded to self-report measures of food insecurity and mood, night-eating, and binge-eating symptoms. The sample was 74% female and 71% white, with a mean age of 41.09 (11.84) years. Based on responses to the United States Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security Survey Model, 15.8% were categorized as food insecure and 25.8% as marginally food secure. Multiple regression models with bootstrapping for confidence interval estimates were used to explore mediation hypotheses. RESULTS Food insecurity was positively associated with symptoms of night eating and binge eating, and these relationships were cross-sectionally mediated by depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Food insecure bariatric candidates may be at increased risk of poorer postoperative outcomes because of lack of access to needed food and the detrimental mental health impact of this lack of access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana F Zickgraf
- University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania.
| | - Emily Stefano
- Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Julia Price
- Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan Veldheer
- Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Ann Rogers
- Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrea Rigby
- Penn State College of Medicine/Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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14
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Deniz ÇD, Özler S, Sayın FK, Eryılmaz MA. Associations between night eating syndrome and metabolic parameters in pregnant women. Turk J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 16:107-111. [PMID: 31360584 PMCID: PMC6637782 DOI: 10.4274/tjod.galenos.2019.77864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the incidence of night eating in pregnancy and the relationship between night eating scores and nutritional status, insulin resistance, and lipid profile in pregnant women. Materials and Methods: In this study, 148 pregnant women who presented to the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinics at Konya Training and Research Hospital in Konya were divided into two groups according to their night eating scores. These two groups were compared in terms of their nutritional attitudes and metabolic parameters. Results: Comparisons of participants meeting night eating syndrome (NES) scores versus women without NES indicated that patients with NES exhibited fever hunger at breakfast time, more breakfast skipping (p<0.05) than those without NES. Also homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance, insulin, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol parameters were significantly higher in pregnant women in the NES group (p<0.05). Also, correlations were found between higher night eating questionnaire total scores and higher HbA1c, insulin resistance, insulin, and more breakfast skipping. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that night eating symptoms during pregnancy may increase and this is able to effect glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Damla Deniz
- University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Medical Biochemistry Konya, Turkey
| | - Sibel Özler
- University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Perinatalogy, Konya, Turkey
| | - Fatma Kübra Sayın
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Konya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ali Eryılmaz
- University of Health Sciences, Konya Training and Research Hospital, Clinic General Surgery, Konya, Turkey
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Abstract
Bariatric surgery candidates often report problematic and/or eating disordered behaviors. For most patients, these eating behaviors improve after surgery. A subset, however, experience a recurrence or new onset of problematic eating behaviors as early as 2 months to 18 months after surgery, which can result in compromised weight loss/excessive weight regain. Those most at risk are individuals with comorbid psychopathology (ie, loss-of-control eating or depression) after surgery. For some, such problems are present before surgery. Therefore, it is critical to monitor patients closely after surgery so that appropriate psychiatric treatments can be provided if indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassie S Brode
- Department of Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 930 Chestnut Ridge Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
| | - James E Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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16
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Tess BH, Maximiano-Ferreira L, Pajecki D, Wang YP. BARIATRIC SURGERY AND BINGE EATING DISORDER: SHOULD SURGEONS CARE ABOUT IT? A LITERATURE REVIEW OF PREVALENCE AND ASSESSMENT TOOLS. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2019; 56:55-60. [PMID: 31141066 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.201900000-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eating pathologies among bariatric surgery candidates are common and associated with adverse surgical outcomes, including weight regain and low quality of life. However, their assessment is made difficult by the great variety and inconsistent use of standardized measures. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was to synthesize current knowledge on the prevalence of binge eating disorder (BED) in presurgical patients and to make a critical appraisal of assessment tools for BED. METHODS A search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from January 1994 to March 2017. Data were extracted, tabulated and summarized using a narrative approach. RESULTS A total of 21 observational studies were reviewed for data extraction and analysis. Prevalence of BED in bariatric populations ranged from 2% to 53%. Considerable variation in patient characteristics and in BED assessment measures was evident among the studies. In addition, several methodological weaknesses were recognized in most of the studies. Ten different psychometric instruments were used to assess BED. Clinical interviews were used in only 12 studies, though this is the preferred tool to diagnose BED. CONCLUSION Study heterogeneity accounted for the variability of the results from different centers and methodological flaws such as insufficient sample size and selection bias impaired the evidence on the magnitude of BED in surgical settings. For the sake of comparability and generalizability of the findings in future studies, researchers must recruit representative samples of treatment-seeking candidates for bariatric surgery and systematically apply standard instruments for the assessment of BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz H Tess
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Medicina Preventiva, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Denis Pajecki
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Disciplina de Cirurgia do Aparelho Digestivo, Departamento de Gastroenterologia, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas, Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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17
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Tu CY, Meg Tseng MC, Chang CH. Night eating syndrome in patients with eating disorders: Is night eating syndrome distinct from bulimia nervosa? J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:1038-1046. [PMID: 30396692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Night eating syndrome (NES) is a diagnosis newly introduced in the fifth version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. This study investigated the characteristics of NES in individuals with eating disorders and the clinical significance of NES in individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN). METHODS We recruited participants with eating problems at psychiatric outpatient clinics and from Internet referrals and age, sex, and educational level-comparable controls from September 2013 to April 2017. All participants received in-face structured clinical interviews to establish their eating disorder and NES diagnoses and completed questionnaires assessing NES, eating attitudes/behaviors, depression, sleep disturbances, morningness/eveningness preference, and functional impairment. Comparisons of measurements were made across patients with eating disorder subtypes and across patients with NES-only, BN-only, comorbid BN and NES, and controls. RESULTS NES was identified in 10.3%, 34.9%, and 51.7% of the individuals with anorexia nervosa, BN, and binge-eating disorder, respectively. NES-only group had more frequent binge-eating, higher degrees of eating pathology, depression, sleep disturbances, and functional impairment compared to controls; however, NES-only group shared similar levels of disordered eating, depression, sleep disturbances, and functional impairment with BN-only group. BN-NES group had no difference from BN-only group on most eating pathology, psychopathology, and functional impairment, except for the presence of greater eating and weight concerns. CONCLUSION NES has its clinical significance; however, it overlaps with BN in several dimensions of psychopathology. Presence of night eating in a BN group may not contribute clinically meaningful psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ying Tu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yunlin Branch, Yunlin 64041, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chih Meg Tseng
- Department of Psychiatry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10051, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Oriental Institute of Technology, New Taipei City 22061, Taiwan.
| | - Chin-Hao Chang
- Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
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18
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Sarwer DB, Dilks RJ, Spitzer JC, Berkowitz RI, Wadden TA, Moore RH, Chittams JL, Brandt ML, Chen MK, Courcoulas AP, Harmon CM, Helmrath MA, Michalsky MP, Xanthakos SA, Zeller MH, Jenkins TM, Inge TH. Changes in Dietary Intake and Eating Behavior in Adolescents After Bariatric Surgery: an Ancillary Study to the Teen-LABS Consortium. Obes Surg 2018. [PMID: 28625002 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2764-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of studies suggest that bariatric surgery is safe and effective for adolescents with severe obesity. However, surprisingly little is known about changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery. OBJECTIVE Investigate changes in dietary intake and eating behavior of adolescents with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (n = 119) or lifestyle modification (LM) (n = 169). SETTING University-based health systems METHODS: A prospective investigation of 288 participants (219 female and 69 male) prior to bariatric surgery or LM and again 6, 12, and 24 months (surgery patients only) after treatment. Measures included changes in weight, macronutrient intake, eating behavior, and relevant demographic and physiological variables. RESULTS Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery experienced significantly greater weight loss than those who received LM. The two groups differed in self-reported intake of a number of macronutrients at 6 and 12 months from baseline, but not total caloric intake. Patients treated with surgery, compared to those treated with LM, also reported significantly greater reductions in a number of disordered eating symptoms. After bariatric surgery, greater weight loss from postoperative month 6 to 12 was associated with self-reported weight consciousness, craving for sweets, and consumption of zinc. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery, compared to those who received LM, reported significantly greater reductions in weight after 1 year. They also reported greater reductions in disordered eating symptoms. These findings provide new information on changes in dietary intake and eating behavior among adolescents who undergo bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Sarwer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA, 19428, USA.
| | - Rebecca J Dilks
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jacqueline C Spitzer
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Center for Obesity Research and Education, College of Public Health, Temple University, 3223 N. Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA, 19428, USA
| | - Robert I Berkowitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renee H Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jesse L Chittams
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary L Brandt
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mike K Chen
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Anita P Courcoulas
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Michael A Helmrath
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marc P Michalsky
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Stavra A Xanthakos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Meg H Zeller
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Todd M Jenkins
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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19
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Neuropsychological Functioning in Mid-life Treatment-Seeking Adults with Obesity: a Cross-sectional Study. Obes Surg 2017; 28:532-540. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-017-2894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Ferreira Pinto T, Carvalhedo de Bruin PF, Sales de Bruin VM, Ney Lemos F, Azevedo Lopes FH, Marcos Lopes P. Effects of bariatric surgery on night eating and depressive symptoms: a prospective study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2017; 13:1057-1062. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Devlin MJ, King WC, Kalarchian MA, White GE, Marcus MD, Garcia L, Yanovski SZ, Mitchell JE. Eating pathology and experience and weight loss in a prospective study of bariatric surgery patients: 3-year follow-up. Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:1058-1067. [PMID: 27425771 PMCID: PMC5161707 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery results in significant long-term weight loss, albeit with considerable variability. This study examines the prognostic significance of eating pathology as determined by a structured interview, the Eating Disorder Examination-Bariatric Surgery Version (EDE-BSV). METHOD Participants (N = 183) in this substudy of the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (LABS) Research Consortium were assessed using the EDE-BSV, independent of clinical care, presurgery and annually postsurgery. We examined eating pathology and experiences at several frequency thresholds (present, ≥ monthly, ≥ weekly) over 3 years, and utilized mixed models to test their associations with percentage weight loss from baseline at years 1, 2, and 3. RESULTS The prevalence of several forms of eating pathology declined pre- to 1-year postsurgery, including ≥weekly objective bulimic episodes (11.6-1.3%), loss of control (LOC) eating (18.3-6.2%) and picking/nibbling (36.0-20.2%) (P for all <0.01), and regular evening hyperphagia (16.5-5.0%, P = 0.01), but not cravings (P = 0.93). Mean EDE global score, and hunger and enjoyment scores, also declined (P for all <0.01). These metrics remained lower than baseline through year-3 (P for all <0.01). Presurgery eating variables were not related to weight loss (P for all ≥0.05). However, postsurgery higher EDE global score and greater hunger were independently associated with less weight loss postsurgery (P for both ≤0.01), while cravings were associated with greater weight loss (P = 0.03). DISCUSSION Pathological eating behaviors and experiences are common presurgery and improve markedly following surgery. Postsurgery pathological eating-related experiences and attitudes and hunger may contribute to suboptimal weight loss. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:1058-1067).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Devlin
- Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons / New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wendy C. King
- Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | | | - Gretchen E. White
- Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Marsha D. Marcus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Luis Garcia
- Sanford Health System, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Susan Z. Yanovski
- Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Geliebter A, McOuatt H, Tetreault CB, Kordunova D, Rice K, Zammit G, Gluck M. Is night eating syndrome associated with obstructive sleep apnea, BMI, and depressed mood in patients from a sleep laboratory study? Eat Behav 2016; 23:115-119. [PMID: 27643566 PMCID: PMC5124514 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess night eating syndrome (NES) in patients referred for polysomnography and its association with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We also assessed whether participants with OSA were more likely to get up and eat at night, and whether these behaviors were associated with the apnea-hypopnea sleep index (AHI). We additionally examined whether NES and OSA were associated with BMI, and assessed depressed mood among participants with NES or OSA. METHODS The Night Eating Diagnostic Questionnaire (NEDQ), Zung Depression Scale, and demographic and medical questionnaires were used to evaluate 84 qualified participants. Polysomnography was used to assess AHI, and therefore OSA. RESULTS Thirty individuals met full or sub-threshold NES (NES[St]) criteria, and 54 had no night eating (Normal). Eighty-nine percent of the sample had OSA with AHI≥5. Neither AHI nor BMI differed between NES(St) and Normal, F(1,82)=1.67, p=0.20 and F(1, 82)=2.2, p=0.14, respectively. Participants with NES(St) were, however, more likely than Normal to have depressed mood (mild, moderately, or severely depressed), χ2=4.47 p=0.03. There was a positive correlation between AHI and BMI, r=0.37, p=0.001. Those with OSA were not more likely to eat at night, F(1,82)=0.04, p=0.84, or get out of bed more often, F(1,13)=0.23, p=0.64, and there was no correlation between AHI and eating at night (r=-0.11, p=0.31). However, there was a positive correlation between AHI and the number of times participants got up out of bed (r=0.81, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS We found that NES was not associated with BMI or AHI severity. The findings show that NES is primarily an eating disorder, rather than a sleep disorder, and that there is an association between NES and depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Geliebter
- Mt. Sinai St. Luke's Hospital, NY, NY, USA; Dept. of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, NY, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Touro College and University System, NY, NY, USA.
| | - Haley McOuatt
- Mt. Sinai St. Luke’s Hospital and Dept. of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, NY NY
| | | | - Dorina Kordunova
- Mt. Sinai St. Luke’s Hospital and Dept. of Psychiatry, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, NY NY
| | - Kathleen Rice
- Clinilabs Sleep Disorders Institute, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Gary Zammit
- Clinilabs Sleep Disorders Institute, New York, NY 10025, USA
| | - Marci Gluck
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85099, USA
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Utzinger LM, Gowey MA, Zeller M, Jenkins TM, Engel SG, Rofey DL, Inge TH, Mitchell JE. Loss of control eating and eating disorders in adolescents before bariatric surgery. Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:947-952. [PMID: 27196378 PMCID: PMC5082705 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed loss of control (LOC) eating and eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery for severe obesity. METHOD Preoperative baseline data from the Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery (Teen-LABS) multisite observational study (n = 242; median BMI = 51 kg/m2 ; mean age= 17; 76% female adolescents; 72% Caucasian) included anthropometric and self-report questionnaires, including the Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised (QEWP-R), the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), and the Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Kids (IWQOL-Kids) RESULTS: LOC eating (27%) was common and ED diagnoses included binge-eating disorder (7%), night eating syndrome (5%), and bulimia nervosa (1%). Compared to those without LOC eating, those with LOC eating reported greater depressive symptomatology and greater impairment in weight-related quality of life. DISCUSSION Before undergoing bariatric surgery, adolescents with severe obesity present with problematic disordered eating behaviors and meet diagnostic criteria for EDs. LOC eating, in particular, was associated with several negative psychosocial factors. Findings highlight targets for assessment and intervention in adolescents before bariatric surgery. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:947-952).
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsey M Utzinger
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota.
| | - Marissa A Gowey
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Meg Zeller
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Todd M Jenkins
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Scott G Engel
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
| | - Dana L Rofey
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - James E Mitchell
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, North Dakota
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Fargo, North Dakota
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Abstract
Obesity is associated with several comorbidities, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, sleep apnea, osteoarthritis, and several forms of cancer. Obesity and its comorbidities also come with a significant psychosocial burden, impacting numerous areas of psychosocial functioning. The evaluation of psychosocial functioning is an important part of the assessment and treatment planning for the patient with obesity. This article provides an overview of the psychosocial burden of obesity. The article also describes the psychological changes typically seen with weight loss. A particular focus is on the psychosocial functioning of individuals with extreme obesity who present for and undergo bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Sarwer
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University College of Public Health, 3223 North Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA.
| | - Heather M Polonsky
- Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University College of Public Health, 3223 North Broad Street, Suite 175, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Novelle JM, Alvarenga MS. Cirurgia bariátrica e transtornos alimentares: uma revisão integrativa. JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PSIQUIATRIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Realizar revisão sobre transtornos alimentares e comportamentos alimentares transtornados relacionados à cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos Revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados PubMed, Lilacs, Bireme, portal SciELO com descritores indexados com critérios de inclusão: oferecer dado sobre a presença ou frequência de transtorno alimentar e/ou comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais previamente e/ou após a cirurgia. Resultados Foram selecionados 150 estudos (14 nacionais e 136 internacionais): 80,6% eram com avaliação de pacientes pré-/pós-cirúrgicos; 12% eram estudos de caso e 7,3% eram estudos de revisão. Diferentes instrumentos foram usados para avaliação, principalmente o Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns, a Binge Eating Scale e Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire. A compulsão alimentar foi o comportamento mais avaliado, com frequências/prevalências variando de 2% a 94%; no caso do transtorno da compulsão alimentar as frequências/prevalências variaram de 3% a 61%. Houve também a descrição de anorexia e bulimia nervosa, síndrome da alimentação noturna e comportamento beliscador. Alguns estudos apontam melhora dos sintomas no pós-cirúrgico e/ou seguimento enquanto outros apontam surgimento ou piora dos problemas. Conclusão Apesar da variabilidade entre métodos e achados, comportamentos alimentares disfuncionais são muito frequentes em candidatos à cirurgia bariátrica e podem ainda surgir ou piorar após a intervenção cirúrgica. Profissionais de saúde devem considerar de maneira mais cuidadosa tais problemas neste público, dadas às consequências para o resultado cirúrgico e qualidade de vida.
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Çelik Erden S, Seyit H, Yazısız V, Türkyılmaz Uyar E, Akçakaya RÖ, Beşirli A, Alış H, Karamustafalıoğlu O, Yücel B. Binge Eating Disorder Prevalence in Bariatric Surgery Patients: Evaluation of Presurgery and Postsurgery Quality of Life, Anxiety and Depression Levels. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2016. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2015.0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakan Seyit
- Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Veli Yazısız
- Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Aslı Beşirli
- Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Alış
- Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Başak Yücel
- Şişli Etfal Research and Training Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Sogg S, Lauretti J, West-Smith L. Recommendations for the presurgical psychosocial evaluation of bariatric surgery patients. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2016; 12:731-749. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Brunault P, Gaillard P, Ballon N, Couet C, Isnard P, Cook S, Delbachian I, Réveillère C, Courtois R. [Validation of the French version of the Binge Eating Scale: Examination of its factor structure, internal consistency and construct validity in a non-clinical and a clinical population]. Encephale 2016; 42:426-433. [PMID: 27017318 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Binge Eating Scale is a widely used scale to assess binge eating disorder in obese patients. Until now, this scale has not been validated on a French population, and no psychometrically sound tool assesses binge eating disorder in the French. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of a French version of the Binge Eating Scale by establishing its factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity in both a non-clinical population and a clinical population (obese patients who are candidates for bariatric surgery). METHODS A total of 553 non-clinical subjects and 63 morbidly obese patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery were assessed with the BES and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh or BITE (which assesses both binge eating behaviours and use of inappropriate compensatory behaviours). We tested the factor structure of the instrument, its internal consistency, its construct validity with measures of binge eating, and its construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours to avoid weight gain. In 47 out of the 63 obese patients, we assessed binge eating disorder (SCID). RESULTS In the non-clinical population, the BES had a one-factor structure (which accounted for 61% of the variance), excellent internal consistency (α=0.93), and high construct validity with measures of binge eating. In this population, construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours was confirmed in overweight and obese subjects (P=0.42), but not in underweight and optimal weight subjects (P<0.001). In obese patients candidates for bariatric surgery, we demonstrated that the BES had a one-factor structure (which accounted for 46% of the variance), had high internal consistency (α=0.88) and high construct validity with measures of binge eating and good construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours to avoid weight gain. In the subpopulation of 47 obese patients, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were respectively 75%, 88.4%, 37.5% and 97.4% (BES threshold=18). DISCUSSION In this study, we validated a psychometrically sound French version of the Binge Eating Scale, both in a non-clinical and a clinical sample. The psychometric properties of the French version of the BES are comparable to its original version with a one-factor structure. The BES is a useful tool to assess binge eating disorder in obese patients (e.g., bariatric surgery candidates), but might not differentiate between binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa in underweight and optimal weight subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Brunault
- Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France; EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France.
| | - P Gaillard
- Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37200 Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France
| | - N Ballon
- Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37200 Tours, France
| | - C Couet
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Service de médecine interne nutrition, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - P Isnard
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 75018 Paris, France; UMR Inserm U669, 75679 Paris, France; Universités Paris Descartes et Paris Sud, 75000 Paris, France; Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France
| | - S Cook
- Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France
| | - I Delbachian
- Service de médecine interne nutrition, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - C Réveillère
- EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France
| | - R Courtois
- EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
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Nicolau J, Simó R, Sanchís P, Ayala L, Fortuny R, Zubillaga I, Masmiquel L. Eating disorders are frequent among type 2 diabetic patients and are associated with worse metabolic and psychological outcomes: results from a cross-sectional study in primary and secondary care settings. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:1037-44. [PMID: 25841588 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0742-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Data regarding the prevalence of eating disorders (ED) and their influence on clinical outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are scarce. Our aim is to investigate the frequency of positive screening for ED, specifically binge eating disorder (BED), in a T2DM sample and analyze whether there are any differences among T2DM subjects with a positive screening for ED or BED. METHODS Three hundred and twenty subjects with T2DM were recruited randomly. All participants were evaluated for the presence of ED by completing the "Eating Attitudes Test-26" (EAT-26). In addition, the "Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised" (QEWP-R) for the screening of BED was also implemented. Sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters were also recorded. RESULTS According to EAT-26, 14 % of subjects screened positive for ED. Regarding QEWP-R, 16 % had a positive screening for ED, with BED having a frequency of 12.2 %, being the most prevalent one. There was a positive correlation between the scores obtained with the EAT-26 and the Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.0014). Patients with BED were younger (57.5 ± 11.1 vs 63.3 ± 10.3 years; p = 0.004), with a lesser T2DM duration (8.5 ± 6.1 vs 12.1 ± 9.6 years; p = 0.002). Weight and BMI among subjects with BED were greater (89.1 ± 1.3 vs 82.4 ± 16.7 kg; p = 0.04 and 39.4 ± 10.3 vs 30.7 ± 5.5 kg/m(2); p = 0.01). The frequency of subjects with one admission related to T2DM or any other condition during the last year was higher (10 vs 3 %; p = 0.04 and 33 vs 21 %; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS ED among T2DM are frequent. Due to their deleterious effect on different metabolic and psychological outcomes, they should be diagnosed promptly, especially BED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Nicolau
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain.
| | - Rafael Simó
- Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Sanchís
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Luisa Ayala
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Regina Fortuny
- Hormonal Laboratory Department, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ivana Zubillaga
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Lluís Masmiquel
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Son LLàtzer, University Institute of Health Sciences Research (IUNICS) and Health Research Institute of Palma (IdISPa), Ctra, Manacor km 4, 07198, Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
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Vickers SP, Hackett D, Murray F, Hutson PH, Heal DJ. Effects of lisdexamfetamine in a rat model of binge-eating. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:1290-307. [PMID: 26589243 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115615107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Binge-eating disorder is a common psychiatric disorder affecting ~2% of adults. Binge-eating was initiated in freely-fed, lean, adult, female rats by giving unpredictable, intermittent access to ground, milk chocolate over four weeks. The rats avidly consumed chocolate during 2 hr binge sessions, with compensatory reductions of normal chow intake in these sessions and the days thereafter. Bodyweights of binge-eating rats were normal. The model's predictive validity was explored using nalmefene (0.1-1.0mg/kg), R-baclofen (1.0-10mg/kg) and SB-334867 (3.0-30 mg/kg) (orexin-1 antagonist), which all selectively decreased chocolate bingeing without reducing chow intake. Sibutramine (0.3-5.0mg/kg) non-selectively reduced chocolate and chow consumption. Olanzapine (0.3-3.0mg/kg) was without effect and rolipram (1.0-10mg/kg) abolished all ingestive behaviour. The pro-drug, lisdexamfetamine (LDX; 0.1-1.5mg/kg), dose-dependently reduced chocolate bingeing by ⩽ 71% without significantly decreasing normal chow intake. Its metabolite, D-amphetamine (0.1-1.0mg/kg), dose-dependently and preferentially decreased chocolate bingeing ⩽ 56%. Using selective antagonists to characterize LDX's actions revealed the reduction of chocolate bingeing was partially blocked by prazosin (α1-adrenoceptor; 0.3 and 1.0mg/kg) and possibly by SCH-23390 (D1; 0.1mg/kg). RX821002 (α2-adrenoceptor; 0.1 and 0.3mg/kg) and raclopride (D2; 0.3 and 0.5mg/kg) were without effect. The results indicate that LDX, via its metabolite, d-amphetamine, reduces chocolate bingeing, partly by indirect activation of α1-adrenoceptors and perhaps D1 receptors.
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31
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Conceição EM, Utzinger LM, Pisetsky EM. Eating Disorders and Problematic Eating Behaviours Before and After Bariatric Surgery: Characterization, Assessment and Association with Treatment Outcomes. EUROPEAN EATING DISORDERS REVIEW 2015; 23:417-25. [PMID: 26315343 PMCID: PMC4861632 DOI: 10.1002/erv.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that bariatric surgery candidates are likely to present with eating disorders (EDs) and/or problematic eating behaviours (EBs), and research suggests that these problems may persist or develop after bariatric surgery. While there is growing evidence indicating that EDs and EBs may impact bariatric surgery outcomes, the definitions and assessment methods used lack consensus, and findings have been mixed. The aims of this paper were (1) to summarize the existing literature on pre‐operative and post‐operative EDs and problematic EBs; (2) to discuss the terms, definitions and assessment measures used across studies; and (3) to consider the extent to which the presence of these problems impact surgery outcomes. We highlight the importance of investigators utilizing consistent definitions and assessment methodologies across studies. © 2015 The Authors. European Eating Disorders Review published by Eating Disorders Association and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linsey M Utzinger
- Department of Clinical Research, Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Fargo, ND, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Emily M Pisetsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Opolski M, Chur-Hansen A, Wittert G. The eating-related behaviours, disorders and expectations of candidates for bariatric surgery. Clin Obes 2015; 5:165-97. [PMID: 26173752 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
It is important that clinicians and researchers understand the possible eating-related difficulties experienced by pre-bariatric surgery candidates, as well as their expectations of how their eating and hunger will change after surgery. This review examines English-language publications related to the eating-related behaviours, disorders and expectations of bariatric candidates. Seventy-five articles related to binge eating disorder, grazing, night eating syndrome, emotional eating, food cravings and addiction, and pre-surgical expectations of post-surgical eating in this population were critically reviewed. A variety of often problematic eating behaviours appear more common in bariatric candidates than in non-obese populations. The literature suggests that 4-45% of candidates may have binge eating disorder, 20-60% may graze, 2-42% may have night eating syndrome, 38-59% may engage in emotional eating and 17-54% may fit criteria for food addiction. Binge eating may also be more prevalent in bariatric candidates than in similarly obese non-surgical individuals. Expectations of surgery are high, with pre-surgical candidates believing their bariatric procedure will virtually guarantee significantly improved eating behaviours. Study replications are needed, and further investigation into prevalence, impacts and candidate characteristics related to disordered eating behaviours, as well as candidates' expectations of eating after surgery, will be important. Further comparisons of bariatric candidates to similarly obese non-bariatric populations will be important to understand eating-related characteristics of candidates beyond those related to their weight. Future research may be improved by the use of validated measures, replicable methodologies, minimization of data collected in circumstances where respondents may been motivated to 'fake good', use of prospective data and consistent definitions of key terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Opolski
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - A Chur-Hansen
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - G Wittert
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Metabolic effects of bariatric surgery in mouse models of circadian disruption. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 39:1310-8. [PMID: 25869599 PMCID: PMC4526404 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background/Objectives Mounting evidence supports a link between circadian disruption and metabolic disease. Humans with circadian disruption (e.g., night-shift workers) have an increased risk of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases compared to the non-disrupted population. However, it is unclear if the obesity and obesity-related disorders associated with circadian disruption respond to therapeutic treatments as well as individuals with other types of obesity. Subjects/Methods Here, we test the effectiveness of the commonly used bariatric surgical procedure, Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy (VSG) in mouse models of genetic and environmental circadian disruption. Results VSG led to a reduction in body weight and fat mass in both ClockΔ19 mutant and constant-light mouse models (P < .05), resulting in an overall metabolic improvement independent of circadian disruption. Interestingly, the decrease in body weight occurred without altering diurnal feeding or activity patterns (P > .05). Within circadian-disrupted models, VSG also led to improved glucose tolerance and lipid handling (P < .05). Conclusions Together these data demonstrate that VSG is an effective treatment for the obesity associated with circadian disruption, and that the potent effects of bariatric surgery are orthogonal to circadian biology. However, since the effects of bariatric surgery are independent of circadian disruption, VSG cannot be considered a cure for circadian disruption. These data have important implications for circadian-disrupted obese patients. Moreover, these results reveal new information about the metabolic pathways governing the effects of bariatric surgery as well as of circadian disruption.
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Vinai P, Provini F, Antelmi E, Marcatelli M, Cardetti S, Vinai L, Vinai P, Bruno C, Speciale M, Allison KC. Alexithymia is not related to severity of night eating behavior: a useful distinction from other eating disorders. Eat Behav 2015; 17:94-8. [PMID: 25679368 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2015.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients affected by Night Eating Syndrome (NES) complain of insomnia, mood, anxiety and overeating, which have all been linked to difficulties in dealing with emotions, but no research has examined the levels of alexithymia among NES patients. We compared the levels of alexithymia among samples of: NES patients, insomniac patients who do not eat at night, and a control group. METHOD The study included 153 participants: 34 with NES, 47 with insomnia, and 72 in the control group. Half of the NES group was recruited in a weight and eating disorders center in Philadelphia and the other in a sleep disorders center in Bologna, Italy. Alexithymia was evaluated through the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). RESULTS All groups scored in the normal range of the TAS. There was no relationship between alexithymia and the severity of NES. The insomnia participants reported the highest levels of alexithymia and NES patients the lowest. All NES patients' scores were under the clinical cut-off for alexithymia. DISCUSSION These data differ from the high levels of alexithymia reported by the literature among patients affected by Binge Eating Disorder (BED), suggesting that abnormal diurnal and nocturnal eating patterns, even though they may share several symptoms, are distinct syndromes having different psychopathological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Vinai
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Research Group, Foro Buonaparte, 57, 20121 Milano, Italy; "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy.
| | - Federica Provini
- IRCSS, Institute of Neurological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Antelmi
- IRCSS, Institute of Neurological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Marcatelli
- IRCSS, Institute of Neurological Sciences and Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Cardetti
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Research Group, Foro Buonaparte, 57, 20121 Milano, Italy; "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Luisa Vinai
- "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Paolo Vinai
- "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bruno
- "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Maurizio Speciale
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Research Group, Foro Buonaparte, 57, 20121 Milano, Italy; "GNOSIS" Research and Psychotherapy Group V, Cottolengo 19, Mondovì, Italy
| | - Kelly C Allison
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Saraçlı Ö, Atasoy N, Akdemir A, Güriz O, Konuk N, Sevinçer GM, Ankaralı H, Atik L. The prevalence and clinical features of the night eating syndrome in psychiatric out-patient population. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 57:79-84. [PMID: 25483852 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalance and clinical correlations of night eating syndrome (NES) in a sample of psychiatric outpatients. METHOD Four hundred thirthy three consecutive psychiatric out-patients older than 18years were evaluated in the outpatient clinics using clinical interview according to the DSM-IV with regard to psychiatric diagnosis. Participants were also screened for presence of NES utilizing both clinical interview and self report based on Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) instruments. Sociodemographic and clinical features such as age, gender, education level, socioeconomic level and body mass index (BMI) were also recorded. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and the Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90R) were administered. RESULTS Based on the proposed diagnostic criteria of the NES via utilizing clinical interview method, 97 (32 male, 65 female) of the sample met diagnostic criteria for NES. The point prevalence of NES was 22.4%. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of age, gender, marital status, education and BMI. The patients with NES had higher NEQ, BSQ and SCL-90R subscale scores than patients without NES. Prevalance of depressive disorder, impulse control disorder, and nicotine dependency was higher among patients with NES. No differences were found with regard to the medication (antipsychotics, antidepressants and mood stabilizers). CONCLUSION Night eating syndrome is prevalent among psychiatric outpatients and associated with depression, impulse control disorder, and nicotine dependency. Body dissatisfaction and higher symptom severity are also other risk factors for the development of NES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Saraçlı
- Department of Psychiatry, Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Nuray Atasoy
- Department of Psychiatry, Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
| | - Asena Akdemir
- Department of Psychiatry, Selçuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Olga Güriz
- Department of Psychiatry, Ankara Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Numan Konuk
- Department of Psychiatry, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | - Handan Ankaralı
- Department of Biostatistics, Düzce University Faculty of Medicine, Düzce, Turkey.
| | - Levent Atik
- Department of Psychiatry, Bülent Ecevit University Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak, Turkey.
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Vinai P, Da Ros A, Speciale M, Gentile N, Tagliabue A, Vinai P, Bruno C, Vinai L, Studt S, Cardetti S. Psychopathological characteristics of patients seeking for bariatric surgery, either affected or not by binge eating disorder following the criteria of the DSM IV TR and of the DSM 5. Eat Behav 2015; 16:1-4. [PMID: 25464057 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We evaluate whether there are any significant differences in psychopathology between severe obese patients affected by Binge Eating Disorder diagnosed following both the DSM IV TR and the DSM5 criteria, and severe obese patients not having an eating disorder. METHOD 118 severe obese patients seeking treatment at a center for bariatric surgery in northern Italy were asked to take part in the current study for a period of six months. Average participant age was 44.27 years, SD 12.42. Age ranged from 18 to 67 years. Average patient BMI was 45.03, SD 7.11, ranging from 32.14 to 66.16 kg/m(2). Seventy seven of the patients (65.3%) were females and 41 (34.7%) were males. BED diagnosis was determined following the diagnostic criteria of both the DSM IV TR and the DSM 5. The presence of other eating disorders was excluded through a clinical screening using the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI). Patient eating habits and the presence of emotional eating were appraised using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire. Levels of depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory and the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. RESULTS 57 out of 118 patients were found to be affected by BED following the DSM 5 criteria; among them 24 followed those of the DSM IV TR. BED patients scored higher on four subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory: Drive for thinness (DT), Bulimia (B), Body dissatisfaction (BD) and Interoceptive awareness (IA) on the STAI and on the Disinhibition and Hunger subscales of the TFEQ. DISCUSSION The results confirm the presence of high levels of psychopathology among patients diagnosed with BED, even if they have been diagnosed following the criteria of the DSM 5. There is a great overlap in psychopathology between BED patients diagnosed following the DSM IV TR and the DSM 5 criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Vinai
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Milano, Italy; GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Da Ros
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Milano, Italy; GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy; Eating Disorders and Obesity Surgery, ULSS 13, Mirano-Dolo, Venice, Italy
| | - Maurizio Speciale
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Milano, Italy; GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Nicola Gentile
- Eating Disorders and Obesity Surgery, ULSS 13, Mirano-Dolo, Venice, Italy
| | - Anna Tagliabue
- Human Nutrition and Eating Disorders Research Center, Department of Public Health, Neuroscience, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Paolo Vinai
- GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Luisa Vinai
- GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Cardetti
- "Studi Cognitivi" Post-graduate Cognitive Psychotherapy School Milano, Italy; GNOSIS non-profit research group, Cuneo, Italy
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Night Eating and Loss of Control over Eating in Bariatric Surgery Candidates. J Clin Psychol Med Settings 2014; 22:14-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10880-014-9411-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Meule A, Allison KC, Brähler E, de Zwaan M. The association between night eating and body mass depends on age. Eat Behav 2014; 15:683-5. [PMID: 25462027 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Night eating syndrome (NES) is marked by substantial evening or nocturnal food intake, insomnia, morning anorexia, and depressed mood. Originally, NES was described as an eating pattern among obese individuals.However, subsequent studies showed that NES also occurs among non-obese individuals, who appear to be younger than obese individuals with NES. Thus, it has been proposed that NES may lead to future weight gain,which may explain inconsistent findings about associations between NES and body mass. The current study investigated the relationships between age, body mass index (BMI), and night eating severity in a representative sample of German adults (n = 2317). It was found that age moderated the relationship between night eating severity and BMI. Specifically, night eating was positively associated with BMI in participants who were between 31 and 60 years old, but not in younger (<31 years) or older (>60 years) participants. Results indicate that age may indeed play an important role when examining the relationship between night eating and obesity. That is, weight gain may only occur after longer periods of engaging in night eating and, thus, no or only small relationships can be found in younger samples such as students. The positive association between night eating and BMI disappears in older individuals, which may be related to onset of illness associated with wasting.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Individuals who undergo bariatric surgery typically experience outcomes of marked weight loss and improvements in medical comorbidities and psychological functioning. Unfortunately, a significant minority of patients also experience problems, such as reoccurring or new psychiatric disorders, alcohol or substance abuse, or eating disorders. In the current manuscript, we explore empirical studies published in the past year that are relevant to this topic. RECENT FINDINGS In the area of psychiatric disorders, we focus on depression and anxiety, with several studies showing initial improvement in depression and anxiety symptoms followed by deterioration in the following years. Research in alcohol use has revealed a trend in which alcohol consumption decreases or ceases immediately following surgery, but often increases over time. Some studies have recently compared alcohol use across different types of surgery, which may help clarify a potential biological component of these problems. Finally, some eating disordered behaviors, which have until now received relatively little attention, have been further studied, with subthreshold loss-of-control eating behaviors receiving increased empirical examination. SUMMARY Stemming from these findings, we suggest several directions to take for future research. With respect to psychiatric disorders, a closer examination of the effect of weight regain on related psychiatric comorbidities would prove valuable in determining the risk of disorder development. The mechanism by which the rate of alcohol consumption is altered following surgery has been proven elusive, and focusing further scrutiny on the differences in consumption between surgical procedures could prove useful in deciphering it. And with regards to eating disorders, a closer examination of both full diagnostic and less common eating disorders following bariatric surgery would be prudent.
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Liu Z, Huang M, Wu X, Shi G, Xing L, Dong Z, Qu Z, Yan J, Yang L, Panda S, Xu Y. PER1 phosphorylation specifies feeding rhythm in mice. Cell Rep 2014; 7:1509-1520. [PMID: 24857656 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Organization of circadian behavior, physiology, and metabolism is important for human health. An S662G mutation in hPER2 has been linked to familial advanced sleep-phase syndrome (FASPS). Although the paralogous phosphorylation site S714 in PER1 is conserved in mice, its specific function in circadian organization remains unknown. Here, we find that the PER1S714G mutation accelerates the molecular feedback loop. Furthermore, hPER1S714G mice, but not hPER2S662G mice, exhibit peak time of food intake that is several hours before daily energy expenditure peaks. Both the advanced feeding behavior and the accelerated clock disrupt the phase of expression of several key metabolic regulators in the liver and adipose tissue. Consequently, hPER1S714G mice rapidly develop obesity on a high-fat diet. Our studies demonstrate that PER1 and PER2 are linked to different downstream pathways and that PER1 maintains coherence between the circadian clock and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Moli Huang
- Cambridge Suda Genome Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xi Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Guangsen Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Lijuan Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhipeng Qu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Jie Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China; Cambridge Suda Genome Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Cambridge Suda Genome Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | | | - Ying Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China; Cambridge Suda Genome Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Abstract
Three mental health problems commonly associated with obesity are major depression, binge eating disorder (BED), and Night Eating Syndrome (NES). Evidence from both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies support independent relationships between obesity and depression, and between obesity and binge eating. These problems are most prevalent in severely obese individuals (Class III obesity; a body mass index (BMI) of >40kgm(2)), many of whom seek bariatric surgery, and we briefly review whether the presence of pre-operative depression, BED or NES affects post-operative outcomes. Historically depressed individuals have been screened out of weight loss trials due to concerns of worsening mood with weight loss. Such practices have precluded the development of effective treatments for depressed, obese individuals, leaving large numbers of people without appropriate care. We present recent advances in this area, and attempt to answer whether depressed individuals can lose clinically significant amounts of weight, show improvements in mood, and adhere to the demands of a weight loss intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy F Faulconbridge
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Colleen F Bechtel
- Center for Weight and Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Parker K, Brennan L. Measurement of disordered eating in bariatric surgery candidates: a systematic review of the literature. Obes Res Clin Pract 2014; 9:12-25. [PMID: 25660171 DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Symptoms of disordered eating are common among patients seeking bariatric surgery, and assessment of eating pathology is typical in pre-surgical evaluations. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the definitions, diagnostic criteria and measures used to assess disordered eating in adults seeking bariatric surgery. The review identified 147 articles featuring 34 questionnaires and 45 interviews used in pre-surgical assessments. The Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns Revised and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM were the most frequently used questionnaire and interview respectively. Variations to pre-surgical diagnostic criteria included changes to the frequency and duration criteria for binge eating, and inconsistent use of disordered eating definitions (e.g., grazing). Results demonstrate a paucity of measures designed specifically for an obese sample, and only 24% of questionnaires and 4% of interviews used had any reported psychometric evaluation in bariatric surgery candidates. The psychometric data available suggest that interview assessments are critical for accurately identifying binge episodes and other diagnostic information, while self-report questionnaires may be valuable for providing additional information of clinical utility (e.g., severity of eating, shape and weight-related concerns). Findings highlight the need for consensus on disordered eating diagnostic criteria and psychometric evaluation of measures to determine whether existing measures provide a valid assessment of disordered eating in this population. Consistent diagnosis and the use of validated measures will facilitate accurate identification of disordered eating in the pre-surgical population to enable assessment of suitability for surgery and appropriate targeting of treatment for disordered eating to optimise treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Parker
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology and Psychiatry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leah Brennan
- Centre for Obesity Research and Education (CORE), Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; School of Psychology, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Comment on: Factor structure and predictive utility of the Binge Eating Scale in bariatric surgery candidate. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2013; 9:948-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Conceição E, Orcutt M, Mitchell J, Engel S, Lahaise K, Jorgensen M, Woodbury K, Hass N, Garcia L, Wonderlich S. Eating disorders after bariatric surgery: a case series. Int J Eat Disord 2013; 46:274-9. [PMID: 23192683 PMCID: PMC3596455 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A significant number of post-bariatric surgery (BS) patients present with eating disorders (EDs) symptoms that require specialized treatment. These cases are thought to be underreported due to their frequent sub-syndromal presentation. This article describes ED syndromes that develop subsequent to BS. METHOD The clinical charts of 12 individuals who were hospitalized on a specialized inpatient EDs unit were reviewed. RESULTS Based on the new DSM-5 proposed criteria, six patients would meet criteria for an anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis: three with binge eating/purge AN subtype and three with restrictive AN subtype. An additional four met criteria for atypical AN, since they were at a normal weight, and two patients met criteria for bulimia nervosa. DISCUSSION Several similarities to the classical EDs were found. The findings that most distinguished these patients from those with classical EDs were their ages, and the age of onset of the ED for some patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Conceição
- CIPsi - Center for Research in Psychology, University of Minho, School of Psychology, Braga, Portugal.
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Abstract
Night eating syndrome (NES) was first identified in 1955 by Stunkard, a psychiatrist specialising in eating disorders (ED). Over the last 20 years considerable progress has been made in defining NES as a significant clinical entity in its own right and it has now been accepted for inclusion in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) due for publication in 2013. NES is considered a dysfunction of circadian rhythm with a disassociation between eating and sleeping. Core criteria include a daily pattern of eating with a significantly increased intake in the evening and/or night time, as manifested by one or both of the following: at least 25% of food intake is consumed after the evening meal or at least two episodes of nocturnal eating per week. An important recent addition to core criteria includes the presence of significant distress and/or impairment in functioning. Stunkard's team recommend further investigation on the pathogenesis of NES, in particular its relationship with traumatic life events, psychiatric comorbidity, the age of onset of NES and course of NES over time. The relationship between NES and other ED also requires further clarification as night-eaters exhibit some features of other ED; previous guidance to separate NES from other ED may have hindered earlier characterisation of NES. Evidence from European and American studies suggests NES features strongly in populations with severe obesity. The complex interplay between depression, impaired sleep and obesity-related comorbidity in severely obese individuals makes understanding NES in this context even more difficult. This review examines evidence to date on the characterisation of NES and concludes by examining the applicability of current NES criteria to individuals with severe obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cleator
- Department of Obesity & Endocrinology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Stewart KE, Levenson JL. Psychological and psychiatric aspects of treatment of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Liver Dis 2012; 16:615-29. [PMID: 22824484 PMCID: PMC4843993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cld.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic illnesses incur a tremendous cost to American lives in dollars and quality of life. Outcomes in these illnesses are often affected by psychological, behavioral, and pharmacologic issues related to mental illness and psychological symptoms. This article focuses on psychological and psychiatric issues related to the treatment of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including available weight-loss interventions, the complex relationship between psychiatric disorders and obesity, and special considerations regarding use of psychiatric drugs in patients with or at risk for NAFLD and obesity. Recommendations for collaborative care of individuals with comorbid NAFLD and psychological disorders/symptoms are discussed.
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Jones-Corneille LR, Wadden TA, Sarwer DB, Faulconbridge LF, Fabricatore AN, Stack RM, Cottrell FA, Pulcini ME, Webb VL, Williams NN. Axis I psychopathology in bariatric surgery candidates with and without binge eating disorder: results of structured clinical interviews. Obes Surg 2012; 22:389-97. [PMID: 21088923 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-010-0322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior studies have reached contradictory conclusions concerning whether binge eating disorder (BED) is associated with greater psychopathology in extremely obese patients who seek bariatric surgery. This study used the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Diagnoses (SCID) to compare rates of axis I psychopathology in surgery candidates who were determined to have BED or to be currently free of eating disorders. The relationship of BED to other psychosocial functioning and weight loss goals also was examined. METHODS One hundred ninety five bariatric surgery patients completed the Weight and Lifestyle Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and were later administered the Eating Disorder Examination. Of these 195, 44 who were diagnosed with BED, and 61 who were currently free of eating pathology, completed a telephone-administered SCID. RESULTS Significantly more BED than non-BED participants had a current mood disorder (27.3% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.002) as well as a lifetime history of this condition (52.3% vs. 23.0%, p = 0.003). More BED than non-BED participants also had a current anxiety disorder (27.3% vs. 8.2%, p = 0.014) and lifetime anxiety disorder (36.4% vs. 16.4%, p = 0.019). BED also was associated with greater symptoms of depression, as measured by the BDI-II, as well as with lower self-esteem. BED and non-BED groups, however, did not differ in their desired weight loss goals following surgery. CONCLUSIONS The present findings indicate that the presence of BED, in patients who seek bariatric surgery, is associated with an increased prevalence of axis I psychopathology, beyond the already elevated rate observed with severe (i.e., class III) obesity.
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Wadden TA, Faulconbridge LF, Jones-Corneille LR, Sarwer DB, Fabricatore AN, Thomas JG, Wilson GT, Alexander MG, Pulcini ME, Webb VL, Williams NN. Binge eating disorder and the outcome of bariatric surgery at one year: a prospective, observational study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2011; 19:1220-8. [PMID: 21253005 PMCID: PMC3085093 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2010.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that binge eating disorder (BED) impairs weight loss following bariatric surgery, leading some investigators to recommend that patients receive behavioral treatment for this condition before surgery. However, many of these investigations had significant methodological limitations. The present observational study used a modified intention-to-treat (ITT) population to compare 1-year changes in weight in 59 surgically treated participants, determined preoperatively to be free of a current eating disorder, with changes in 36 individuals judged to have BED. Changes in weight and binge eating in the latter group were compared with those in 49 obese individuals with BED who sought lifestyle modification for weight loss. BED was assessed using criteria proposed for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) 5. At 1 year, surgically treated participants without BED lost 24.2% of initial weight, compared with 22.1% for those with BED (P > 0.309). Both groups achieved clinically significant improvements in several cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Participants with BED who received lifestyle modification lost 10.3% at 1 year, significantly (P < 0.001) less than surgically treated BED participants. The mean number of binge eating days (in the prior 28 days) fell sharply in both BED groups at 1 year. These two groups did not differ significantly in BED remission rates or in improvements in CVD risk factors. The present results, obtained in carefully studied participants, indicate that the preoperative presence of BED does not attenuate weight loss or improvements in CVD risk factors at 1 year in surgically treated patients. Longer follow-up of participants is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas A Wadden
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Invited commentary: childhood and adolescent obesity: psychological and behavioral issues in weight loss treatment. J Youth Adolesc 2011; 41:98-104. [PMID: 21626434 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-011-9677-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity has tripled in the past three decades. This increase has been accompanied by a dramatic rise in obesity-related health complications among American youth. Thus, many obese youth are now experiencing illnesses that will threaten their life expectancy in the absence of significant weight loss. Despite these concerns, a relatively modest body of research has focused on the treatment of adolescent obesity. Results from trials investigating the efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological treatments, like studies of these interventions with adults, suggest that individuals typically lose 5-10% of their initial weight. Unfortunately, weight regain is common. Given the increase in the number of obese adolescents, coupled with the modest results from more conservative treatment approaches, it is not surprising that bariatric surgery for adolescents who suffer from extreme obesity has grown in popularity. The weight losses after surgery are impressive and many adolescents, like adults, experience significant improvements in their physical and mental health postoperatively. However, only a small fraction of adolescents and adults who are heavy enough for bariatric surgery present for surgical treatment. Among those who undergo surgery, a significant minority appear to struggle with a number of behavioral and psychosocial issues that threaten their lifelong success. With all of this in mind, the current obesity problem in the United States and other Westernized countries likely will present a significant challenge to both current and future medical and mental health professionals who work with adolescents and young adults.
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