1
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Bubak MP, Mann SN, Borowik AK, Pranay A, Batushansky A, Vieira de Sousa Neto I, Mondal SA, Doidge SM, Davidyan A, Szczygiel MM, Peelor FF, Rigsby S, Broomfield ME, Lacy CI, Rice HC, Stout MB, Miller BF. 17α-Estradiol alleviates high-fat diet-induced inflammatory and metabolic dysfunction in skeletal muscle of male and female mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E226-E244. [PMID: 38197793 PMCID: PMC11193529 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00215.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
17α-estradiol (17α-E2) is a naturally occurring nonfeminizing diastereomer of 17β-estradiol that has life span-extending effects in rodent models. To date, studies of the systemic and tissue-specific benefits of 17α-E2 have largely focused on the liver, brain, and white adipose tissue with far less focus on skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle has an important role in metabolic and age-related disease. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether 17α-E2 treatment has positive, tissue-specific effects on skeletal muscle during a high-fat feeding. We hypothesized that male, but not female, mice, would benefit from 17α-E2 treatment during a high-fat diet (HFD) with changes in the mitochondrial proteome to support lipid oxidation and subsequent reductions in diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramide content. To test this hypothesis, we used a multiomics approach to determine changes in lipotoxic lipid intermediates, metabolites, and proteins related to metabolic homeostasis. Unexpectedly, we found that 17α-E2 had marked, but different, beneficial effects within each sex. In male mice, we show that 17α-E2 alleviates HFD-induced metabolic detriments of skeletal muscle by reducing the accumulation of diacylglycerol (DAG), and inflammatory cytokine levels, and altered the abundance of most of the proteins related to lipolysis and β-oxidation. Similar to male mice, 17α-E2 treatment reduced fat mass while protecting muscle mass in female mice but had little muscle inflammatory cytokine levels. Although female mice were resistant to HFD-induced changes in DAGs, 17α-E2 treatment induced the upregulation of six DAG species. In female mice, 17α-E2 treatment changed the relative abundance of proteins involved in lipolysis, β-oxidation, as well as structural and contractile proteins but to a smaller extent than male mice. These data demonstrate the metabolic benefits of 17α-E2 in skeletal muscle of male and female mice and contribute to the growing literature of the use of 17α-E2 for multi tissue health span benefits.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a multiomics approach, we show that 17α-E2 alleviates HFD-induced metabolic detriments in skeletal muscle by altering bioactive lipid intermediates, inflammatory cytokines, and the abundance of proteins related to lipolysis and muscle contraction. The positive effects of 17α-E2 in skeletal muscle occur in both sexes but differ in their outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew P Bubak
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Shivani N Mann
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States
| | - Agnieszka K Borowik
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Atul Pranay
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Albert Batushansky
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
- Ilse Katz Institute for Nanoscale Science & Technology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba, Israel
| | - Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Samim A Mondal
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Stephen M Doidge
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Arik Davidyan
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Marcelina M Szczygiel
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Frederick F Peelor
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Sandra Rigsby
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Matle E Broomfield
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Charles I Lacy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Heather C Rice
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Michael B Stout
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
- Oklahoma City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
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2
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Batterson PM, McGowan EM, Borowik AK, Kinter MT, Miller BF, Newsom SA, Robinson MM. High-fat diet increases electron transfer flavoprotein synthesis and lipid respiration in skeletal muscle during exercise training in female mice. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15840. [PMID: 37857571 PMCID: PMC10587055 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) and exercise remodel skeletal muscle mitochondria. The electron transfer flavoproteins (ETF) transfer reducing equivalents from β-oxidation into the electron transfer system. Exercise may stimulate the synthesis of ETF proteins to increase lipid respiration. We determined mitochondrial remodeling for lipid respiration through ETF in the context of higher mitochondrial abundance/capacity seen in female mice. We hypothesized HFD would be a greater stimulus than exercise to remodel ETF and lipid pathways through increased protein synthesis alongside increased lipid respiration. Female C57BL/6J mice (n = 15 per group) consumed HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) for 4 weeks then remained sedentary (SED) or completed 8 weeks of treadmill training (EX). We determined mitochondrial lipid respiration, RNA abundance, individual protein synthesis, and abundance for ETFα, ETFβ, and ETF dehydrogenase (ETFDH). HFD increased absolute and relative lipid respiration (p = 0.018 and p = 0.034) and RNA abundance for ETFα (p = 0.026), ETFβ (p = 0.003), and ETFDH (p = 0.0003). HFD increased synthesis for ETFα and ETFDH (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.002). EX increased synthesis of ETFβ and ETFDH (p = 0.008 and p = 0.006). Higher synthesis rates of ETF were not always reflected in greater protein abundance. Greater synthesis of ETF during HFD indicates mitochondrial remodeling which may contribute higher mitochondrial lipid respiration through enhanced ETF function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip M. Batterson
- School of Biological and Population Health SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Erin M. McGowan
- School of Biological and Population Health SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Agnieszka K. Borowik
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Michael T. Kinter
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Benjamin F. Miller
- Aging and Metabolism Research ProgramOklahoma Medical Research FoundationOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
- Oklahoma City VAOklahoma CityOklahomaUSA
| | - Sean A. Newsom
- School of Biological and Population Health SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
| | - Matthew M. Robinson
- School of Biological and Population Health SciencesOregon State UniversityCorvallisOregonUSA
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Bubak MP, Mann SN, Borowik AK, Pranay A, Batushansky A, Mondal SA, Diodge SM, Davidyan A, Szczygiel MM, Peelor FR, Rigsby S, Broomfield M, Lacy CI, Rice HC, Stout MB, Miller BF. 17α-estradiol Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Inflammatory and Metabolic Dysfunction in Skeletal Muscle of Male and Female Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542870. [PMID: 37398463 PMCID: PMC10312580 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a central role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis. 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), a naturally-occurring non-feminizing diastereomer of 17β-estradiol that demonstrates efficacy for improving metabolic outcomes in male, but not female, mice. Despite several lines of evidence showing that 17α-E2 treatment improves metabolic parameters in middle-aged obese and old male mice through effects in brain, liver, and white adipose tissue little is known about how 17α-E2 alters skeletal muscle metabolism, and what role this may play in mitigating metabolic declines. Therefore, this study aimed to determine if 17α-E2 treatment improves metabolic outcomes in skeletal muscle from obese male and female mice following chronic high fat diet (HFD) administration. We hypothesized that male, but not female, mice, would benefit from 17α-E2 treatment during HFD. To test this hypothesis, we used a multi-omics approach to determine changes in lipotoxic lipid intermediates, metabolites, and proteins related to metabolic homeostasis. In male mice, we show that 17α-E2 alleviates HFD-induced metabolic detriments of skeletal muscle by reducing the accumulation of diacylglycerol (DAGs) and ceramides, inflammatory cytokine levels, and reduced the abundance of most of the proteins related to lipolysis and beta-oxidation. In contrast to males, 17α-E2 treatment in female mice had little effect on the DAGs and ceramides content, muscle inflammatory cytokine levels, or changes to the relative abundance of proteins involved in beta-oxidation. These data support to the growing evidence that 17α-E2 treatment could be beneficial for overall metabolic health in male mammals.
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4
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Jankauskas SS, Kansakar U, Varzideh F, Wilson S, Mone P, Lombardi A, Gambardella J, Santulli G. Heart failure in diabetes. Metabolism 2021; 125:154910. [PMID: 34627874 PMCID: PMC8941799 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure and cardiovascular disorders represent the leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Here we present a systematic review of the main mechanisms underlying the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. We also provide an excursus on the relative contribution of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial and smooth muscle cells to the pathophysiology of heart failure in diabetes. After having described the preclinical tools currently available to dissect the mechanisms of this complex disease, we conclude with a section on the most recent updates of the literature on clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Scott Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Angela Lombardi
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Jessica Gambardella
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY 10461, USA; International Translational Research and Medical Education (ITME), Department of Advanced Biomedical Science, "Federico II" University, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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5
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Ato S, Mori T, Fujita Y, Mishima T, Ogasawara R. Short-term high-fat diet induces muscle fiber type-selective anabolic resistance to resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:442-453. [PMID: 34138646 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00889.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obesity and insulin resistance are considered to inhibit contraction-induced muscle hypertrophy, through impairment of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and muscle protein synthesis (MPS). A high-fat diet is known to rapidly induce obesity and insulin resistance within a month. However, the influence of a short-term high-fat diet on the response of mTORC1 activation and MPS to acute resistance exercise (RE) is unclear. Thus the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a short-term high-fat diet on the response of mTORC1 activation and MPS to acute RE. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to groups and fed a normal diet, high-fat diet, or pair feed for 4 wk. After dietary habituation, acute RE was performed on the gastrocnemius muscle via percutaneous electrical stimulation. The results showed that 4 wk of a high fat-diet induced intramuscular lipid accumulation and insulin resistance, without affecting basal mTORC1 activity or MPS. The response of RE-induced mTORC1 activation and MPS was not altered by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, analysis of each fiber type demonstrated that response of MPS to an acute RE was disappeared specifically in type I and IIa fiber. These results indicate that a short-term high-fat diet causes anabolic resistance to acute RE, depending on the fiber type.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A high-fat diet is known to rapidly induce obesity, insulin resistance, and anabolic resistance to nutrition within a month. However, the influence of a short-term high-fat diet on the response of muscle protein synthesis to acute resistance exercise is unclear. We observed that a short-term high-fat diet causes obesity, insulin resistance, intramuscular lipid droplet accumulation, and anabolic resistance to resistance exercise specifically in type I and IIa fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Ato
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mori
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujita
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taiga Mishima
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Riki Ogasawara
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Mantha OL, Huneau JF, Mathé V, Hermier D, Khodorova N, Mariotti F, Fouillet H. Differential changes to splanchnic and peripheral protein metabolism during the diet-induced development of metabolic syndrome in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 319:E175-E186. [PMID: 32459526 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00061.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) on protein and amino acid (AA) metabolism. During this study, we took advantage of the variability in interindividual susceptibility to high fat diet-induced MS to study the relationships between MS, protein synthesis, and AA catabolism in multiple tissues in rats. After 4 mo of high-fat feeding, an MS score (ZMS) was calculated as the average of the z-scores for individual MS components [weight, adiposities, homeostasis model for the assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and triglycerides]. In the small intestine, liver, plasma, kidneys, heart, and muscles, tissue protein synthesis was measured by 2H2O labeling, and we evaluated the proportion of tissue AA catabolism (relative to protein synthesis) and nutrient routing to nonindispensable AAs in tissue proteins using natural nitrogen and carbon isotopic distances between tissue proteins and nutrients (Δ15N and Δ13C), respectively. In the liver, protein mass and synthesis increased, whereas the proportion of AA catabolism decreased with ZMS. By contrast, in muscles, we found no association between ZMS and protein mass, protein synthesis (except for a weak positive association in the gastrocnemius muscle only), and proportion of AA catabolism. The development of MS was also associated with altered metabolic flexibility and fatty acid oxidation, as shown by less routing of dietary lipids to nonindispensable AA synthesis in liver and muscle. In conclusion, MS development is associated with a greater gain of both fat and protein masses, with higher protein anabolism that mainly occurs in the liver, whereas muscles probably develop anabolic resistance due to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Mantha
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - J-F Huneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - V Mathé
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - D Hermier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - N Khodorova
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - F Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | - H Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
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7
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Calonne J, Isacco L, Miles-Chan J, Arsenijevic D, Montani JP, Guillet C, Boirie Y, Dulloo AG. Reduced Skeletal Muscle Protein Turnover and Thyroid Hormone Metabolism in Adaptive Thermogenesis That Facilitates Body Fat Recovery During Weight Regain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:119. [PMID: 30873123 PMCID: PMC6403129 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The recovery of body composition after weight loss is characterized by an accelerated rate of fat recovery (preferential catch-up fat) resulting partly from an adaptive suppression of thermogenesis. Although the skeletal muscle has been implicated as an effector site for such thrifty (energy conservation) metabolism driving catch-up fat, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We test here the hypothesis that this thrifty metabolism driving catch-up fat could reside in a reduced rate of protein turnover (an energetically costly "futile" cycle) and in altered local thyroid hormone metabolism in skeletal muscle. Methods: Using a validated rat model of semistarvation-refeeding in which catch-up fat is driven solely by suppressed thermogenesis, we measured after 1 week of refeeding in refed and control animals the following: (i) in-vivo rates of protein synthesis in hindlimb skeletal muscles using the flooding dose technique of 13C-labeled valine incorporation in muscle protein, (ii) ex-vivo muscle assay of net formation of thyroid hormone tri-iodothyronine (T3) from precursor hormone thyroxine (T4), and (iii) protein expression of skeletal muscle deiodinases (type 1, 2, and 3). Results: We show that after 1 week of calorie-controlled refeeding, the fractional protein synthesis rate was lower in skeletal muscles of refed animals than in controls (by 30-35%, p < 0.01) despite no between-group differences in the rate of skeletal muscle growth or whole-body protein deposition-thereby underscoring concomitant reductions in both protein synthesis and protein degradation rates in skeletal muscles of refed animals compared to controls. These differences in skeletal muscle protein turnover during catch-up fat were found to be independent of muscle type and fiber composition, and were associated with a slower net formation of muscle T3 from precursor hormone T4, together with increases in muscle protein expression of deiodinases which convert T4 and T3 to inactive forms. Conclusions: These results suggest that diminished skeletal muscle protein turnover, together with altered local muscle metabolism of thyroid hormones leading to diminished intracellular T3 availability, are features of the thrifty metabolism that drives the rapid restoration of the fat reserves during weight regain after caloric restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Calonne
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Isacco
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, CRNH AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
- EA3920 and EPSI Platform, Bourgogne Franche-Comté UniversitéBesançon, France
| | - Jennifer Miles-Chan
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Denis Arsenijevic
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Pierre Montani
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Guillet
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, CRNH AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Yves Boirie
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRA, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de Nutrition Clinique, CRNH AuvergneClermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Abdul G. Dulloo
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Cardiovascular System, Faculty of Sciences and Medicine, University of FribourgFribourg, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Abdul G. Dulloo
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8
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Tran L, Langlais PR, Hoffman N, Roust L, Katsanos CS. Mitochondrial ATP synthase β-subunit production rate and ATP synthase specific activity are reduced in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity. Exp Physiol 2018; 104:126-135. [PMID: 30362197 DOI: 10.1113/ep087278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Humans with obesity have lower ATP synthesis in muscle along with lower content of the β-subunit of the ATP synthase (β-F1-ATPase), the catalytic component of the ATP synthase. Does lower synthesis rate of β-F1-ATPase in muscle contribute to these responses in humans with obesity? What is the main finding and its importance? Humans with obesity have a lower synthesis rate of β-F1 -ATPase and ATP synthase specific activity in muscle. These findings indicate that reduced production of subunits forming the ATP synthase in muscle may contribute to impaired generation of ATP in obesity. ABSTRACT The content of the β-subunit of the ATP synthase (β-F1 -ATPase), which forms the catalytic site of the enzyme ATP synthase, is reduced in muscle of obese humans, along with a reduced capacity for ATP synthesis. We studied 18 young (37 ± 8 years) subjects of which nine were lean (BMI = 23 ± 2 kg m-2 ) and nine were obese (BMI = 34 ± 3 kg m-2 ) to determine the fractional synthesis rate (FSR) and gene expression of β-F1 -ATPase, as well as the specific activity of the ATP synthase. FSR of β-F1 -ATPase was determined using a combination of isotope tracer infusion and muscle biopsies. Gene expression of β-F1 -ATPase and specific activity of the ATP synthase were determined in the muscle biopsies. When compared to lean, obese subjects had lower muscle β-F1 -ATPase FSR (0.10 ± 0.05 vs. 0.06 ± 0.03% h-1 ; P < 0.05) and protein expression (P < 0.05), but not mRNA expression (P > 0.05). Across subjects, abundance of β-F1 -ATPase correlated with the FSR of β-F1 -ATPase (P < 0.05). The specific activity of muscle ATP synthase was lower in obese compared to lean subjects (0.035 ± 0.004 vs. 0.042 ± 0.007 arbitrary units; P < 0.05), but this difference was not significant after the activity of the ATP synthase was adjusted to the β-F1 -ATPase content (P > 0.05). Obesity impairs the synthesis of β-F1 -ATPase in muscle at the translational level, reducing the content of β-F1 -ATPase in parallel with reduced capacity for ATP generation via the ATP synthase complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Tran
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85297, USA
| | - Paul R Langlais
- College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Nyssa Hoffman
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85297, USA
| | - Lori Roust
- College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Christos S Katsanos
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85297, USA.,College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
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9
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Rasool S, Geetha T, Broderick TL, Babu JR. High Fat With High Sucrose Diet Leads to Obesity and Induces Myodegeneration. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1054. [PMID: 30258366 PMCID: PMC6143817 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle utilizes both free fatty acids (FFAs) and glucose that circulate in the blood stream. When blood glucose levels acutely increase, insulin stimulates muscle glucose uptake, oxidation, and glycogen synthesis. Under these conditions, skeletal muscle preferentially oxidizes glucose while the oxidation of fatty acids (FAs) oxidation is reciprocally decreased. In metabolic disorders associated with insulin resistance, such as diabetes and obesity, both glucose uptake, and utilization muscle are significantly reduced causing FA oxidation to provide the majority of ATP for metabolic processes and contraction. Although the causes of this metabolic inflexibility or disrupted "glucose-fatty acid cycle" are largely unknown, a diet high in fat and sugar (HFS) may be a contributing factor. This metabolic inflexibility observed in models of obesity or with HFS feeding is detrimental because high rates of FA oxidation in skeletal muscle can lead to the buildup of toxic metabolites of fat metabolism and the accumulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which further exacerbate the insulin resistance. Further, HFS leads to skeletal muscle atrophy with a decrease in myofibrillar proteins and phenotypically characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength. Overactivation of ubiquitin proteasome pathway, oxidative stress, myonuclear apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are some of the mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy induced by obesity or in mice fed with HFS. In this review, we will discuss how HFS diet negatively impacts the various physiological and metabolic mechanisms in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Rasool
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Thangiah Geetha
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
| | - Tom L Broderick
- Laboratory of Diabetes and Exercise Metabolism, Department of Physiology, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ, United States
| | - Jeganathan R Babu
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, United States
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Baldassini WA, Ramsey JJ, Hagopian K, Lanna DPD. The influence of Shc proteins and high-fat diet on energy metabolism of mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 35:527-537. [PMID: 29243276 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if Shc proteins influence the metabolic response to acute (7 days) feeding of a high-fat diet (HFD). To this end, whole animal energy expenditure (EE) and substrate oxidation were measured in the Shc knockout (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) mice fed a control or HFD. The activities of enzymes of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain (ETC), and β-oxidation were also investigated in liver and skeletal muscle of ShcKO and WT animals. The study showed that ShcKO increases (P < .05) EE adjusted for either total body weight or lean mass. This change in EE could contribute to decreases in weight gain in ShcKO versus WT mice fed an HFD. Thus, our results indicate that Shc proteins should be considered as potential targets for developing interventions to mitigate weight gain on HFD by stimulating EE. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of some enzymes in response to high-fat feeding (eg, increasing the activity of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase), it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. The physiological significance of observed changes in select enzyme activities remains to be determined. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY We report higher EE in ShcKO versus WT mice when consuming the HFD. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of a central enzyme of β-oxidation in response to high-fat feeding, it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. Thus, an increase in EE in response to consumption of an HFD may be a mechanism that leads to decreased weight gain previously reported in ShcKO mice with long-term consumption of an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Baldassini
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Ramsey
- Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences, University of California-Davis (UC DAVIS), Davis, CA, USA
| | - K Hagopian
- Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences, University of California-Davis (UC DAVIS), Davis, CA, USA
| | - D P D Lanna
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Terruzzi I, Vacante F, Senesi P, Montesano A, Codella R, Luzi L. Effect of Hazelnut Oil on Muscle Cell Signalling and Differentiation. J Oleo Sci 2018; 67:1315-1326. [DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess18086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Terruzzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Metabolism, Nutrigenomics and Cellular Differentiation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | | | - Pamela Senesi
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato
| | - Anna Montesano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Roberto Codella
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano
| | - Livio Luzi
- Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano
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Newsom SA, Miller BF, Hamilton KL, Ehrlicher SE, Stierwalt HD, Robinson MM. Long-term rates of mitochondrial protein synthesis are increased in mouse skeletal muscle with high-fat feeding regardless of insulin-sensitizing treatment. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 313:E552-E562. [PMID: 28698283 PMCID: PMC5792140 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00144.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein synthesis is regulated in part by insulin. The development of insulin resistance with diet-induced obesity may therefore contribute to impairments to protein synthesis and decreased mitochondrial respiration. Yet the impact of diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance on mitochondrial energetics is controversial, with reports varying from decreases to increases in mitochondrial respiration. We investigated the impact of changes in insulin sensitivity on long-term rates of mitochondrial protein synthesis as a mechanism for changes to mitochondrial respiration in skeletal muscle. Insulin resistance was induced in C57BL/6J mice using 4 wk of a high-fat compared with a low-fat diet. For 8 additional weeks, diets were enriched with pioglitazone to restore insulin sensitivity compared with nonenriched control low-fat or high-fat diets. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial protein synthesis was measured using deuterium oxide labeling during weeks 10-12 High-resolution respirometry was performed using palmitoyl-l-carnitine, glutamate+malate, and glutamate+malate+succinate as substrates for mitochondria isolated from quadriceps. Mitochondrial protein synthesis and palmitoyl- l-carnitine oxidation were increased in mice consuming a high-fat diet, regardless of differences in insulin sensitivity with pioglitazone treatment. There was no effect of diet or pioglitazone treatment on ADP-stimulated respiration or H2O2 emission using glutamate+malate or glutamate+malate+succinate. The results demonstrate no impairments to mitochondrial protein synthesis or respiration following induction of insulin resistance. Instead, mitochondrial protein synthesis was increased with a high-fat diet and may contribute to remodeling of the mitochondria to increase lipid oxidation capacity. Mitochondrial adaptations with a high-fat diet appear driven by nutrient availability, not intrinsic defects that contribute to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean A Newsom
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Benjamin F Miller
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; and
| | - Karyn L Hamilton
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, College of Health and Human Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado; and
| | - Sarah E Ehrlicher
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Harrison D Stierwalt
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Matthew M Robinson
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon;
- Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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13
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Naderi M, Keyvanshokooh S, Salati AP, Ghaedi A. Proteomic analysis of liver tissue from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under high rearing density after administration of dietary vitamin E and selenium nanoparticles. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 22:10-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Mastrocola R, Nigro D, Chiazza F, Medana C, Dal Bello F, Boccuzzi G, Collino M, Aragno M. Fructose-derived advanced glycation end-products drive lipogenesis and skeletal muscle reprogramming via SREBP-1c dysregulation in mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 91:224-35. [PMID: 26721591 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Advanced Glycation End-Products (AGEs) have been recently related to the onset of metabolic diseases and related complications. Moreover, recent findings indicate that AGEs can endogenously be formed by high dietary sugars, in particular by fructose which is widely used as added sweetener in foods and drinks. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of a high-fructose diet and the causal role of fructose-derived AGEs in mice skeletal muscle morphology and metabolism. C57Bl/6J mice were fed a standard diet (SD) or a 60% fructose diet (HFRT) for 12 weeks. Two subgroups of SD and HFRT mice received the anti-glycative compound pyridoxamine (150 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water. At the end of protocol high levels of AGEs were detected in both plasma and gastrocnemius muscle of HFRT mice associated to impaired expression of AGE-detoxifying AGE-receptor 1. In gastrocnemius, AGEs upregulated the lipogenesis by multiple interference on SREBP-1c through downregulation of the SREBP-inhibiting enzyme SIRT-1 and increased glycation of the SREBP-activating protein SCAP. The AGEs-induced SREBP-1c activation affected the expression of myogenic regulatory factors leading to alterations in fiber type composition, associated with reduced mitochondrial efficiency and muscular strength. Interestingly, pyridoxamine inhibited AGEs generation, thus counteracting all the fructose-induced alterations. The unsuspected involvement of diet-derived AGEs in muscle metabolic derangements and proteins reprogramming opens new perspectives in pathogenic mechanisms of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Mastrocola
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy.
| | - D Nigro
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - F Chiazza
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - C Medana
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - F Dal Bello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - G Boccuzzi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
| | - M Collino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Turin, Italy
| | - M Aragno
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Italy
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Jura M, Kozak LP. Obesity and related consequences to ageing. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 38:23. [PMID: 26846415 PMCID: PMC5005878 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-016-9884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has become a major public health problem. Given the current increase in life expectancy, the prevalence of obesity also raises steadily among older age groups. The increase in life expectancy is often accompanied with additional years of susceptibility to chronic ill health associated with obesity in the elderly. Both obesity and ageing are conditions leading to serious health problems and increased risk for disease and death. Ageing is associated with an increase in abdominal obesity, a major contributor to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Obesity in the elderly is thus a serious concern and comprehension of the key mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases has become a necessary matter. Here, we aimed to identify similarities underlying mechanisms related to both obesity and ageing. We bring together evidence that age-related changes in body fat distribution and metabolism might be key factors of a vicious cycle that can accelerate the ageing process and onset of age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Jura
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Leslie P Kozak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Science, ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
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Liao K, Yan J, Mai K, Ai Q. Dietary lipid concentration affects liver mitochondrial DNA copy number, gene expression and DNA methylation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 193:25-32. [PMID: 26692128 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In response to changes in energy demand and nutrient supply, the organism regulates mitochondrial metabolic status to coordinate ATP production. To survey mitochondrial metabolic adaptation in response to dietary lipid concentration, citrate synthase (EC 2.3.3.1, CS) activity, the expression of several mitochondrial transcription factors, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, mitochondrial gene expression, mtDNA methylation, and oxidative stress parameters were analyzed in the liver of large yellow croaker fed one of three diets with a low (6%), moderate (12%, the control diet) or high (18%) crude lipid content for 70 d. MtDNA copy number was significantly increased in the low- and high-lipid groups compared to the control. The transcription of cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1), COX2, COX3, ATP synthase 6 (ATPase 6), 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA was also significantly increased in the low-lipid group compared with the control, while the transcription of these genes in the high-lipid group was unchanged. Moreover, D-loop (displacement loop) methylation in the high-lipid group was significantly higher than the control. The increase in mtDNA copy number and mitochondrial transcription might be a compensatory mechanism that matches ATP supply to demand under a low-lipid diet, while the increase of mtDNA copy number with unchanged mitochondrial transcription in the high-lipid group probably came from the increase of D-loop methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Liao
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) and the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Education Ministry of China), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) and the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Education Ministry of China), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) and the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Education Ministry of China), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) and the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Education Ministry of China), Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
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Effects of chronic high-fat feeding on skeletal muscle mass and function in middle-aged mice. Aging Clin Exp Res 2015; 27:403-11. [PMID: 25647784 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-015-0316-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased adipose tissue may promote catabolic events in skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to test whether high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity would accelerate the onset of muscle wasting in middle-aged mice. METHODS Muscle was collected from C57BL/6 mice at 9 months of age (baseline) and 14 months of age after consuming a control (C) or HFD. Mice in C and HFD were also subjected to evaluations of body composition and function before and after their respective diets. RESULTS HFD demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) losses of grip strength (-15 %) and sensorimotor coordination (-11 %), whereas C did not. Lean mass decreased to a greater degree in HFD although not significantly (C: -20.69 ± 7.94 vs. HFD: -31.14 ± 5.49 %, p > 0.05). Gastrocnemius, quadriceps, and hamstrings mass in C and HFD were significantly reduced from baseline (-27 to 43 and -39 to 47 %, respectively, p < 0.05) with no differences between the two; however, soleus mass was lower only in HFD (-24 %, p = 0.03). Myofiber area, satellite cells, and myonuclei of the gastrocnemius were lower only in HFD (-23, -19, and -16 %, respectively, p < 0.05) compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS HFD-induced obesity adversely affected function in middle-aged mice. Atrophy of the soleus in HFD but not C suggests sensitivity of oxidative muscle to HFD-dependent catabolism more so than aging. In the muscles containing fast/mixed fibers, aging effects may have concealed the catabolic nature of HFD; however, morphological changes in the gastrocnemius including decreased fiber area, satellite cells, and myonuclei are consistent with an atrophic phenotype related to HFD.
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18
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Increased body fat mass and tissue lipotoxicity associated with ovariectomy or high-fat diet differentially affects bone and skeletal muscle metabolism in rats. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1139-49. [PMID: 25370302 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0790-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial efficiency in rats with fructose-induced alteration in glucose tolerance. Br J Nutr 2013; 110:1996-2003. [PMID: 23693085 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114513001566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the effect of long-term fructose feeding on skeletal muscle mitochondrial energetics was investigated. Measurements in isolated tissue were coupled with the determination of whole-body energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. A significant increase in plasma NEFA, as well as in skeletal muscle TAG and ceramide, was found in fructose-fed rats compared with the controls, together with a significantly higher plasma insulin response to a glucose load, while no significant variation in plasma glucose levels was found. Significantly lower RMR values were found in fructose-fed rats starting from week 4 of the dietary treatment. Skeletal muscle mitochondrial mass and degree of coupling were found to be significantly higher in fructose-fed rats compared with the controls. Significantly higher lipid peroxidation was found in fructose-fed rats, together with a significant decrease in superoxide dismutase activity. Phosphorylated Akt levels normalised to plasma insulin levels were significantly lower in fructose-fed rats compared with the controls. In conclusion, a fructose-rich diet has a deep impact on a metabolically relevant tissue such as skeletal muscle. In this tissue, the consequences of high fructose feeding are altered glucose tolerance, elevated mitochondrial biogenesis and increased mitochondrial coupling. This latter modification could have a detrimental metabolic effect by causing oxidative stress and energy sparing that contribute to the high metabolic efficiency of fructose-fed rats.
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Guillet C, Masgrau A, Walrand S, Boirie Y. Impaired protein metabolism: interlinks between obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation. Obes Rev 2012; 13 Suppl 2:51-7. [PMID: 23107259 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic and structural changes in skeletal muscle that accompany obesity are often associated with the development of insulin resistance. The first events in the pathogenesis of this disorder are considered as an accumulation of lipids within skeletal muscle due to blunted muscle capacity to oxidize fatty acids. Fat infiltration is also associated with muscle fibre typology modification, decrease in muscle mass and impairments in muscle strength. Thus, as a result of obesity, mobility and quality of life are affected, and this is in part due to quantitative and qualitative impairments in skeletal muscle. In addition, the insulin resistance related to obesity results not only in defective insulin-stimulated glucose disposal but has also detrimental consequences on protein metabolism at the skeletal muscle level and whole-body level. This review highlights the involvement of fat accumulation and insulin resistance in metabolic disorders occurring in skeletal muscle during the development of obesity, and the impairments in the regulation of protein metabolism and protein turnover in the links between obesity, metabolic inflammation and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Guillet
- Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne/INRA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, 58 rue Montalembert, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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Masgrau A, Mishellany-Dutour A, Murakami H, Beaufrère AM, Walrand S, Giraudet C, Migné C, Gerbaix M, Metz L, Courteix D, Guillet C, Boirie Y. Time-course changes of muscle protein synthesis associated with obesity-induced lipotoxicity. J Physiol 2012; 590:5199-210. [PMID: 22802586 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.238576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The object of the study was to investigate the sequential changes of protein synthesis in skeletal muscle during establishment of obesity, considering muscle typology. Adult Wistar rats were fed a standard diet for 16 weeks (C; n = 14), or a high-fat, high-sucrose diet for 16 (HF16; n = 14) or 24 weeks (HF24; n = 15). Body composition was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanner. The fractional synthesis rates (FSRs) of muscle protein fractions were calculated in tibialis anterior (TA) and soleus muscles by incorporation of l-13C-valine in muscle protein. Muscle lipid and mitochondria contents were determined using histochemical analysis. Obesity occurred in an initial phase, from 1 to 16 weeks, with an increase in weight (P < 0.05), fat mass (P < 0.001), muscle mass (P < 0.001) and FSR in TA (actin: 5.3 ± 0.2 vs. 8.8 ± 0.5% day−1, C vs. HF16, P < 0.001) compared with standard diet. The second phase, from 16 to 24 weeks, was associated with a weight stabilization, a decrease in muscle mass (P < 0.05) and a decrease in FSR in TA (mitochondrial: 5.6 ± 0.2 vs. 4.2 ± 0.4% day−1, HF16 vs. HF24, P < 0.01) compared with HF16 group. Muscle lipid content was increased in TA in the second phase of obesity development (P < 0.001). Muscle mass, lipid infiltration and muscle protein synthesis were differently affected, depending on the stage of obesity development and muscle typology. Chronic lipid infiltration in glycolytic muscle is concomitant with a reduction of muscle protein synthesis, suggesting that muscle lipid infiltration in response to a high-fat diet is deleterious for the incorporation of amino acid in skeletal muscle proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Masgrau
- French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Le Plénier S, Walrand S, Noirt R, Cynober L, Moinard C. Effects of leucine and citrulline versus non-essential amino acids on muscle protein synthesis in fasted rat: a common activation pathway? Amino Acids 2011; 43:1171-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-1172-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Tardif N, Salles J, Guillet C, Gadéa E, Boirie Y, Walrand S. Obésité sarcopénique et altérations du métabolisme protéique musculaire. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Moreno-Sánchez N, Rueda J, Reverter A, Carabaño MJ, Díaz C. Muscle-specific gene expression is underscored by differential stressor responses and coexpression changes. Funct Integr Genomics 2011; 12:93-103. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-011-0249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 08/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Liao B, Xu Y. Exercise improves skeletal muscle insulin resistance without reduced basal mTOR/S6K1 signaling in rats fed a high-fat diet. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 111:2743-52. [PMID: 21404070 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1892-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Exercise improves high-fat diet (HFD)-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance, but the mechanism is unresolved. This study aims to explore whether the improvement in response to exercise is associated with mTOR/S6K1 signaling and whether the signaling changes are muscle-specific. Male SD rats (150-180 g) were used for this study. After the experimental period, 6 weeks of exercise improved HFD-impaired intraperitoneal glucose tolerance and insulin-stimulated 2-deoxyglucose uptake in soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. Furthermore, 6 weeks of the HFD resulted in a reduced type I fiber ratio of SOL, an increased type I ratio of EDL, and a reduced fiber size of EDL, whereas exercise increased type I fiber ratio of SOL as well as type I fiber cross-sectional areas of EDL. However, the HFD had a main effect on basal cytosolic phosphorylation of S6K1 on Thr(389) content in SOL, which was also influenced by a significant interaction between the diet and exercise in EDL. Exercise had no direct effect on the basal phosphorylation of Akt on Ser(473), mTOR on Ser(2448), S6K1 on Thr(389) content in SOL. On the contrary, exercise prevented HFD-induced decrease in basal phosphorylation of S6K1 on Thr(389) content in EDL. These results indicate that 6 weeks of HFD and exercise lead to alterations in fiber type shift, fiber size, and basal phosphorylation of S6K1 on Thr(389) content in a muscle-specific pattern. Exercise prevents HFD-induced skeletal muscle insulin resistance, which is not associated with a reduced basal phosphorylation of mTOR/S6K1 alteration in the muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bagen Liao
- Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou Dadao 1268, Guangzhou, 510076, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although it is well established that obesity is accompanied by various degrees of metabolic impairments especially in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, the influence of obesity on protein metabolism is not clearly understood. The purpose of this review is to present data describing the modification in protein metabolism that have been reported in the clinical setting of obesity. RECENT FINDINGS Recent findings suggest that protein metabolism at the whole-body level is less sensitive to insulin action. Impairments in skeletal muscle protein synthesis rates in the postabsorptive state and in response to anabolic factors are reported in obese human. Finally, chronic excessive energy intake and increased adiposity in rats, without the appearance of other metabolic disturbances, do not induce any changes in tissue protein synthesis rates. SUMMARY Body composition in obesity is characterized by elevated fat mass but also lean body mass which is considered either increased or decreased (in the case of sarcopenic obesity). Thus protein metabolism as reflected by changes in protein synthesis and breakdown might be modified in obese individuals but it is still largely debated. Only a few studies have investigated muscle protein kinetics during obesity and do not lead to the same conclusions prolonging the controversies. Indeed, obesity is associated with many metabolic disturbances which might constitute confounding factors differently affecting muscle protein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Guillet
- Unité de Nutrition Humaine, Clermont Université, Université d'Auvergne, France.
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Chow L, From A, Seaquist E. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance: the interplay of local lipid excess and mitochondrial dysfunction. Metabolism 2010; 59:70-85. [PMID: 19766267 PMCID: PMC2789850 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2009.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Chow
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States.
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Sitnick M, Bodine SC, Rutledge JC. Chronic high fat feeding attenuates load-induced hypertrophy in mice. J Physiol 2009; 587:5753-65. [PMID: 19822547 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.180174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of obesity and obesity-related conditions, such as metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, is on the increase. The effect of obesity on skeletal muscle function, especially the regulation of muscle mass, is poorly understood. In this study we investigated the effect of diet-induced obesity on the ability of skeletal muscle to respond to an imposed growth stimulus, such as increased load. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into two diet groups: a low fat, high carbohydrate diet (LFD) and a high fat, low carbohydrate diet (HFD) fed ad libitum for 14 weeks. Mice from each diet group were divided into two treatment groups: sedentary control or bilateral functional overload (FO) of the plantaris muscle. Mice were evaluated at 3, 7, 14 or 30 days following FO. By 14 days of FO, there was a 10% reduction (P < 0.05) in absolute growth of the plantaris in response to overload in HFD mice vs. LFD mice. By 30 days the attenuation in growth increased to 16% in HFD mice compared to LFD mice. Following FO, there was a reduction in the formation of polysomes in the HFD mice relative to the LFD mice, suggesting a decrease in protein translation. Further, activation of Akt and S6K1, in response to increased mechanical loading, was significantly attenuated in the HFD mice relative to the LFD mice. In conclusion, chronic high fat feeding impairs the ability of skeletal muscle to hypertrophy in response to increased mechanical load. This failure coincided with a failure to activate key members of the Akt/mTOR signalling pathway and increase protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Sitnick
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, 196 Briggs Hall, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Adéchian S, Giardina S, Rémond D, Papet I, Buonocore D, Gaudichon C, Dardevet D, Marzatico F, Mosoni L. Excessive energy intake does not modify fed-state tissue protein synthesis rates in adult rats. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2009; 17:1348-55. [PMID: 19247270 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2009.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The impact of chronic excessive energy intake on protein metabolism is still controversial. Male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum during 5 weeks with either a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HF: n = 9) containing 45% of total energy as lipids (protein 14%; carbohydrate 40% with 83.5% sucrose) or a standard diet (controls: n = 10). Energy intake and body weight were recorded. At the end of the experiment, we measured body composition, metabolic parameters (plasma amino acid, lipid, insulin, and glucose levels), inflammatory parameter (plasma alpha2-macroglobulin), oxidative stress parameters (antioxidant enzyme activities, lipoperoxidation (LPO), protein carbonyl content in liver and muscle), and in vivo fed-state fractional protein synthesis rates (FSRs) in muscle and liver. Energy intake was significantly higher in HF compared with control rats (+28%). There were significant increases in body weight (+8%), body fat (+21%), renal (+41%), and epidydimal (+28%) fat pads in HF compared with control rats. No effect was observed in other tissue weights (liver, muscle, spleen, kidneys, intestine). Liver and muscle FSRs, plasma levels of lipids, glucose, insulin and alpha2-macroglobulin, soleus and liver glutathione reductase and peroxidase activities, MnSOD activity, LPO, and protein carbonyl content were not altered by the HF diet. Only soleus muscle and liver Cu/ZnSOD activity and soleus muscle catalase activities were reduced in HF rats compared with control rats. Thus, chronic excessive energy intake and increased adiposity, in the absence of other metabolic alterations, do not stimulate fed-state tissue protein synthesis rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solange Adéchian
- INRA, UMR 1019 Nutrition Humaine, Saint Genès Champanelle, France
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LeMoine CMR, Genge CE, Moyes CD. Role of the PGC-1 family in the metabolic adaptation of goldfish to diet and temperature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 211:1448-55. [PMID: 18424678 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.014951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator-1 (PGC-1) family members and their binding partners orchestrate remodelling in response to diverse challenges such as diet, temperature and exercise. In this study, we exposed goldfish to three temperatures (4, 20 and 35 degrees C) and to three dietary regimes (food deprivation, low fat and high fat) and examined the changes in mitochondrial enzyme activities and transcript levels for metabolic enzymes and their genetic regulators in red muscle, white muscle, heart and liver. When all tissues and conditions were pooled, there were significant correlations between the mRNA for the PGC-1 coactivators (both alpha and beta) and mitochondrial transcripts (citrate synthase), metabolic gene regulators including PPARalpha, PPARbeta and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF-1). PGC-1beta was the better predictor of the NRF-1 axis, whereas PGC-1alpha was the better predictor of the PPAR axis (PPARalpha, PPARbeta, medium chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase). In contrast to these intertissue/developmental patterns, the response of individual tissues to physiological stressors displayed no correlations between mRNA for PGC-1 family members and either the NRF-1 or PPAR axes. For example, in skeletal muscles, low temperature decreased PGC-1alpha transcript levels but increased mitochondrial enzyme activities (citrate synthase and cytochrome oxidase) and transcripts for COX IV and NRF-1. These results suggest that in goldfish, as in mammals, there is a regulatory relationship between (i) NRF-1 and mitochondrial gene expression and (ii) PPARs and fatty acid oxidation gene expression. In contrast to mammals, there is a divergence in the roles of the coactivators, with PGC-1alpha linked to fatty acid oxidation through PPARalpha, and PGC-1beta with a more prominent role in mediating NRF-1-dependent control of mitochondrial gene expression, as well as distinctions between their respective roles in development and physiological responsiveness.
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