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Permyakova A, Hamad S, Hinden L, Baraghithy S, Kogot-Levin A, Yosef O, Shalev O, Tripathi MK, Amal H, Basu A, Arif M, Cinar R, Kunos G, Berger M, Leibowitz G, Tam J. Renal Mitochondrial ATP Transporter Ablation Ameliorates Obesity-Induced CKD. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:281-298. [PMID: 38200648 PMCID: PMC10914206 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study sheds light on the central role of adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2) in the pathogenesis of obesity-induced CKD. Our data demonstrate that ANT2 depletion in renal proximal tubule cells (RPTCs) leads to a shift in their primary metabolic program from fatty acid oxidation to aerobic glycolysis, resulting in mitochondrial protection, cellular survival, and preservation of renal function. These findings provide new insights into the underlying mechanisms of obesity-induced CKD and have the potential to be translated toward the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for this debilitating condition. BACKGROUND The impairment in ATP production and transport in RPTCs has been linked to the pathogenesis of obesity-induced CKD. This condition is characterized by kidney dysfunction, inflammation, lipotoxicity, and fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the role of ANT2, which serves as the primary regulator of cellular ATP content in RPTCs, in the development of obesity-induced CKD. METHODS We generated RPTC-specific ANT2 knockout ( RPTC-ANT2-/- ) mice, which were then subjected to a 24-week high-fat diet-feeding regimen. We conducted comprehensive assessment of renal morphology, function, and metabolic alterations of these mice. In addition, we used large-scale transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics analyses to gain insights into the role of ANT2 in regulating mitochondrial function, RPTC physiology, and overall renal health. RESULTS Our findings revealed that obese RPTC-ANT2-/- mice displayed preserved renal morphology and function, along with a notable absence of kidney lipotoxicity and fibrosis. The depletion of Ant2 in RPTCs led to a fundamental rewiring of their primary metabolic program. Specifically, these cells shifted from oxidizing fatty acids as their primary energy source to favoring aerobic glycolysis, a phenomenon mediated by the testis-selective Ant4. CONCLUSIONS We propose a significant role for RPTC-Ant2 in the development of obesity-induced CKD. The nullification of RPTC-Ant2 triggers a cascade of cellular mechanisms, including mitochondrial protection, enhanced RPTC survival, and ultimately the preservation of kidney function. These findings shed new light on the complex metabolic pathways contributing to CKD development and suggest potential therapeutic targets for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Permyakova
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sharleen Hamad
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liad Hinden
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Saja Baraghithy
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Aviram Kogot-Levin
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omri Yosef
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ori Shalev
- Metabolomics Center, Core Research Facility, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Manish Kumar Tripathi
- The Laboratory of Neuromics, Cell Signaling and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Haitham Amal
- The Laboratory of Neuromics, Cell Signaling and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Abhishek Basu
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology and Tissue Injury, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Resat Cinar
- Section on Fibrotic Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - George Kunos
- Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Michael Berger
- The Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Israel-Canada Medical Research Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gil Leibowitz
- Diabetes Unit and Endocrine Service, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, The Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kadam A, Jadiya P, Tomar D. Post-translational modifications and protein quality control of mitochondrial channels and transporters. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1196466. [PMID: 37601094 PMCID: PMC10434574 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1196466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in energy metabolism and signal transduction, which is tightly regulated by proteins, metabolites, and ion fluxes. Metabolites and ion homeostasis are mainly mediated by channels and transporters present on mitochondrial membranes. Mitochondria comprise two distinct compartments, the outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) and the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM), which have differing permeabilities to ions and metabolites. The OMM is semipermeable due to the presence of non-selective molecular pores, while the IMM is highly selective and impermeable due to the presence of specialized channels and transporters which regulate ion and metabolite fluxes. These channels and transporters are modulated by various post-translational modifications (PTMs), including phosphorylation, oxidative modifications, ions, and metabolites binding, glycosylation, acetylation, and others. Additionally, the mitochondrial protein quality control (MPQC) system plays a crucial role in ensuring efficient molecular flux through the mitochondrial membranes by selectively removing mistargeted or defective proteins. Inefficient functioning of the transporters and channels in mitochondria can disrupt cellular homeostasis, leading to the onset of various pathological conditions. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of mitochondrial channels and transporters in terms of their functions, PTMs, and quality control mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlesha Kadam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Pooja Jadiya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Dhanendra Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Neginskaya MA, Morris SE, Pavlov EV. Refractive Index Imaging Reveals That Elimination of the ATP Synthase C Subunit Does Not Prevent the Adenine Nucleotide Translocase-Dependent Mitochondrial Permeability Transition. Cells 2023; 12:1950. [PMID: 37566029 PMCID: PMC10417283 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a large, weakly selective pore that opens in the mitochondrial inner membrane in response to the pathological increase in matrix Ca2+ concentration. mPTP activation has been implicated as a key factor contributing to stress-induced necrotic and apoptotic cell death. The molecular identity of the mPTP is not completely understood. Both ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) have been described as important components of the mPTP. Using a refractive index (RI) imaging approach, we recently demonstrated that the removal of either ATP synthase or ANT eliminates the Ca2+-induced mPTP in experiments with intact cells. These results suggest that mPTP formation relies on the interaction between ATP synthase and ANT protein complexes. To gain further insight into this process, we used RI imaging to investigate mPTP properties in cells with a genetically eliminated C subunit of ATP synthase. These cells also lack ATP6, ATP8, 6.8PL subunits and DAPIT but, importantly, have a vestigial ATP synthase complex with assembled F1 and peripheral stalk domains. We found that these cells can still undergo mPTP activation, which can be blocked by the ANT inhibitor bongkrekic acid. These results suggest that ANT can form the pore independently from the C subunit but still requires the presence of other components of ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A. Neginskaya
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; (S.E.M.); (E.V.P.)
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, New York, NY 10461, USA
| | - Sally E. Morris
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; (S.E.M.); (E.V.P.)
| | - Evgeny V. Pavlov
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; (S.E.M.); (E.V.P.)
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4
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Ji X, Chu L, Su D, Sun J, Song P, Sun S, Wang Y, Mu Q, Liu Y, Wan Q. MRPL12-ANT3 interaction involves in acute kidney injury via regulating MPTP of tubular epithelial cells. iScience 2023; 26:106656. [PMID: 37182101 PMCID: PMC10173734 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious disease with no effective treatment. Abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is an important pathological process in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), the key factor of AKI. It is essential to elucidate MPTP regulation mechanism. Here, we identified mitochondrial ribosomal protein L7/L12 (MRPL12) specifically binds to adenosine nucleotide translocase 3 (ANT3) under normal physiological conditions, stabilizes MPTP and maintains mitochondrial membrane homeostasis in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). During AKI, MRPL12 expression was significantly decreased in TECs, and MRPL12-ANT3 interaction was reduced, leading to ANT3 conformation change, MPTP abnormal opening, and cell apoptosis. Importantly, MRPL12 overexpression protected TECs from MPTP abnormal opening and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Our results suggest MRPL12-ANT3 axis involves in AKI by regulating MPTP, and MRPL12 could be potential intervention target for treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Ji
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Lingju Chu
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Dun Su
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Qian Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Qiang Wan
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
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Seneviratne JA, Carter DR, Mittra R, Gifford A, Kim PY, Luo J, Mayoh C, Salib A, Rahmanto AS, Murray J, Cheng NC, Nagy Z, Wang Q, Kleynhans A, Tan O, Sutton SK, Xue C, Chung SA, Zhang Y, Sun C, Zhang L, Haber M, Norris MD, Fletcher JI, Liu T, Dilda PJ, Hogg PJ, Cheung BB, Marshall GM. Inhibition of mitochondrial translocase SLC25A5 and histone deacetylation is an effective combination therapy in neuroblastoma. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1399-1413. [PMID: 36346110 PMCID: PMC10953412 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrion is a gatekeeper of apoptotic processes, and mediates drug resistance to several chemotherapy agents used to treat cancer. Neuroblastoma is a common solid cancer in young children with poor clinical outcomes following conventional chemotherapy. We sought druggable mitochondrial protein targets in neuroblastoma cells. Among mitochondria-associated gene targets, we found that high expression of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (SLC25A5/ANT2), was a strong predictor of poor neuroblastoma patient prognosis and contributed to a more malignant phenotype in pre-clinical models. Inhibiting this transporter with PENAO reduced cell viability in a panel of neuroblastoma cell lines in a TP53-status-dependant manner. We identified the histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberanilohydroxamic acid (SAHA), as the most effective drug in clinical use against mutant TP53 neuroblastoma cells. SAHA and PENAO synergistically reduced cell viability, and induced apoptosis, in neuroblastoma cells independent of TP53-status. The SAHA and PENAO drug combination significantly delayed tumour progression in pre-clinical neuroblastoma mouse models, suggesting that these clinically advanced inhibitors may be effective in treating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janith A. Seneviratne
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Daniel R. Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Technology SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Rituparna Mittra
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Andrew Gifford
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Kids Cancer CentreSydney Children's HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Patrick Y. Kim
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jie‐Si Luo
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Alice Salib
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Aldwin S. Rahmanto
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jayne Murray
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ngan C. Cheng
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Zsuzsanna Nagy
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Qian Wang
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Ane Kleynhans
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Owen Tan
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Selina K. Sutton
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Chengyuan Xue
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Sylvia A. Chung
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Yizhuo Zhang
- Department of PaediatricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Paediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CentreGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Chengtao Sun
- Department of PaediatricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Paediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CentreGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of PaediatricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Paediatric OncologySun Yat‐sen University Cancer CentreGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Murray D. Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- University of New South WalesCentre for Childhood Cancer ResearchRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jamie I. Fletcher
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Tao Liu
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Pierre J. Dilda
- Adult Cancer Program, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Philip J. Hogg
- Australian Cancer Research Foundation (ACRF), Centenary Cancer Research Centre, Charles Perkins CentreUniversity of SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Belamy B. Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Glenn M. Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia for Medical Research, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's & Children's HealthUNSW SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Kids Cancer CentreSydney Children's HospitalRandwickNew South WalesAustralia
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Chen W, Chiang J, Shang Z, Palchik G, Newman C, Zhang Y, Davis AJ, Lee H, Chen BPC. DNA-PKcs and ATM modulate mitochondrial ADP-ATP exchange as an oxidative stress checkpoint mechanism. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112094. [PMID: 36727301 PMCID: PMC10015379 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA-PKcs is a key regulator of DNA double-strand break repair. Apart from its canonical role in the DNA damage response, DNA-PKcs is involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress (OS), but its exact role remains unclear. Here, we report that DNA-PKcs-deficient human cells display depolarized mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) and reoriented metabolism, supporting a role for DNA-PKcs in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). DNA-PKcs directly interacts with mitochondria proteins ANT2 and VDAC2, and formation of the DNA-PKcs/ANT2/VDAC2 (DAV) complex supports optimal exchange of ADP and ATP across mitochondrial membranes to energize the cell via OXPHOS and to maintain MMP. Moreover, we demonstrate that the DAV complex temporarily dissociates in response to oxidative stress to attenuate ADP-ATP exchange, a rate-limiting step for OXPHOS. Finally, we found that dissociation of the DAV complex is mediated by phosphorylation of DNA-PKcs at its Thr2609 cluster by ATM kinase. Based on these findings, we propose that the coordination between the DAV complex and ATM serves as a novel oxidative stress checkpoint to decrease ROS production from mitochondrial OXPHOS and to hasten cellular recovery from OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Min Chen
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Jui‐Chung Chiang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Zengfu Shang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Guillermo Palchik
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Ciara Newman
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Anthony J Davis
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
| | - Hsinyu Lee
- Department of Life ScienceNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Benjamin PC Chen
- Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, Department of Radiation OncologyUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA
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7
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Heine KB, Parry HA, Hood WR. How does density of the inner mitochondrial membrane influence mitochondrial performance? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2023; 324:R242-R248. [PMID: 36572555 PMCID: PMC9902215 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00254.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our current understanding of variation in mitochondrial performance is incomplete. The production of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation is dependent, in part, on the structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Morphology of the inner membrane is crucial for the formation of the proton gradient across the inner membrane and, therefore, ATP synthesis. The inner mitochondrial membrane is dynamic, changing shape and surface area. These changes alter density (amount per volume) of the inner mitochondrial membrane within the confined space of the mitochondrion. Because the number of electron transport system proteins within the inner mitochondrial membrane changes with inner mitochondrial membrane area, a change in the amount of inner membrane alters the capacity for ATP production within the organelle. This review outlines the evidence that the association between ATP synthases, inner mitochondrial membrane density, and mitochondrial density (number of mitochondria per cell) impacts ATP production by mitochondria. Furthermore, we consider possible constraints on the capacity of mitochondria to produce ATP by increasing inner mitochondrial membrane density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Heine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Hailey A Parry
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Wendy R Hood
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama
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8
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Kataoka T. Biological properties of the BCL-2 family protein BCL-RAMBO, which regulates apoptosis, mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1065702. [PMID: 36589739 PMCID: PMC9800997 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1065702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in the regulation of cellular stress responses, including cell death. Damaged mitochondria are removed by fission and fusion cycles and mitophagy, which counteract cell death. BCL-2 family proteins possess one to four BCL-2 homology domains and regulate apoptosis signaling at mitochondria. BCL-RAMBO, also known as BCL2-like 13 (BCL2L13), was initially identified as one of the BCL-2 family proteins inducing apoptosis. Mitophagy receptors recruit the ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3/GABARAP via the MAP1LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif to initiate mitophagy. In addition to apoptosis, BCL-RAMBO has recently been identified as a mitophagy receptor that possesses the LIR motif and regulates mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. In the 20 years since its discovery, many important findings on BCL-RAMBO have been increasingly reported. The biological properties of BCL-RAMBO are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,*Correspondence: Takao Kataoka,
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9
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Xinastle-Castillo LO, Landa A. Physiological and modulatory role of thioredoxins in the cellular function. Open Med (Wars) 2022; 17:2021-2035. [PMID: 36568514 PMCID: PMC9746700 DOI: 10.1515/med-2022-0596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxins (TRXs) are a class of ubiquitous and multifunctional protein. Mammal cells present three isoforms: a cytosolic and extracellular called thioredoxin 1 (TRX1), a mitochondrial (TRX2), and one specific in spermatozoids (TRX3). Besides, a truncated form called TRX80 exists, which results from the post-translational cleavage performed on TRX1. TRXs' main function is to maintain the reduction-oxidation homeostasis of the cell, reducing the proteins through a thiol-disulfide exchange that depends on two cysteines located in the active site of the protein (Cys32-X-X-Cys35 in humans). In addition, TRX1 performs S-nitrosylation, a post-translational modification of proteins that depends on cysteines of its C-terminal region (Cys62, Cys69, and Cys73 in human TRX1). These modifications allow the TRXs to modulate the protein function and participate in regulating diverse cellular processes, such as oxidative stress, transcription, signaling cascades, apoptosis, inflammation, and immunologic response. This points out the crucial relevance of TRXs for cell function, signaling it as a strategic target for the treatment of many diseases and its possible use as a therapeutic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Omar Xinastle-Castillo
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio A, 2o Piso. Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
| | - Abraham Landa
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Edificio A, 2o Piso. Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, 04510, México
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10
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Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction and Levodopa Regulate Proteins Involved in Parkinson’s Disease-Associated Pathways in Differentiated Neuroblastoma Cells: Insights from Quantitative Proteomic Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14214632. [DOI: 10.3390/nu14214632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), a palm oil-derived vitamin E fraction, is reported to possess potent neuroprotective effects. However, the modulation of proteomes in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells (diff-neural cells) by TRF has not yet been reported. This study aims to investigate the proteomic changes implicated by TRF in human neural cells using a label-free liquid-chromatography-double mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) approach. Levodopa, a drug used in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD), was used as a drug control. The human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were differentiated for six days and treated with TRF or levodopa for 24 h prior to quantitative proteomic analysis. A total of 81 and 57 proteins were differentially expressed in diff-neural cells following treatment with TRF or levodopa, respectively. Among these proteins, 32 similar proteins were detected in both TRF and levodopa-treated neural cells, with 30 of these proteins showing similar expression pattern. The pathway enrichment analysis revealed that most of the proteins regulated by TRF and levodopa are key players in the ubiquitin-proteasome, calcium signalling, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial pathway and axonal transport system. In conclusion, TRF is an essential functional food that affects differential protein expression in human neuronal cells at the cellular and molecular levels.
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11
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PGAM5 interacts with Bcl-rambo and regulates apoptosis and mitophagy. Exp Cell Res 2022; 420:113342. [PMID: 36075447 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Bcl-rambo, also known as BCL2L13, has been reported to regulate apoptosis, mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Bcl-rambo regulates these processes currently remain unclear. In the present study, we identified phosphoglycerate mutase member 5 (PGAM5) as an emerging partner interacting with Bcl-rambo through phenotypic Drosophila screening. The rough eye phenotype induced by human Bcl-rambo was partly rescued by the knockdown of pgam5-2, a mammalian ortholog of PGAM5. Bcl-rambo bound to PGAM5, and their interaction required the Bcl-rambo transmembrane domain. The co-expression of Bcl-rambo and PGAM5 promoted effector caspase activity in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. The transient overexpression of Bcl-rambo increased LC3B-II levels, which had been decreased by the co-expression of PGAM5. These results suggest that PGAM5 promotes Bcl-rambo-dependent apoptosis, but conversely interferes with Bcl-rambo-dependent mitophagy.
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12
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Zhang L, Liu Y, Zhou R, He B, Wang W, Zhang B. Cyclophilin D: Guardian or Executioner for Tumor Cells? Front Oncol 2022; 12:939588. [PMID: 35860554 PMCID: PMC9289278 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.939588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a peptide-proline cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) distributed in the mitochondrial matrix. CypD regulates the opening of the mitochondrial permeability conversion pore (mPTP) and mitochondrial bioenergetics through PPIase activity or interaction with multiple binding partners in mitochondria. CypD initially attracted attention due to its regulation of mPTP overopening-mediated cell death. However, recent studies on the effects of CypD on tumors have shown conflicting results. Although CypD has been proven to promote the aerobic glycolysis in tumor cells, its regulation of malignant characteristics such as the survival, invasion and drug resistance of tumor cells remains controversial. Here, we elaborate the main biological functions of CypD and its relationships with tumor progression identified in recent years, focusing on the dual role of CypD in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zhang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Zhang, ; Ling Zhang,
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Rou Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Baoyu He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- School of Nursing, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Zhang, ; Ling Zhang,
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13
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Wu Y, Ying Z, Liu J, Sun Z, Li S, Liu Q. Depletion of Toxoplasma adenine nucleotide translocator leads to defects in mitochondrial morphology. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:185. [PMID: 35642006 PMCID: PMC9158195 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is a protein that catalyzes the exchange of ADP/ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Beyond this, ANT is closely associated with cell death pathways and mitochondrial dysfunction. It is a potential therapeutic target for many diseases. The function of the ANT in Toxoplasma gondii is poorly understood. Methods The CRISPR/CAS9 gene editing tool was used to identify and study the function of the ANT protein in T. gondii. We constructed T. gondii ANT transgenic parasite lines, including endogenous tag strain, knockout strain and gene complement strain, to clarify the function and location of TgANT. Mitochondrial morphology was observed by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy. Results Toxoplasma gondii was found to encode an ANT protein, which was designated TgANT. TgANT localized to the inner mitochondrial membrane. The proliferation of the Δant strain was significantly reduced. More important, depletion of TgANT resulted in significant changes in the morphology and ultrastructure of mitochondria, abnormal apicoplast division and abnormal cytoskeletal daughter budding. In addition, the pathogenicity of the Δant strain to mice was significantly reduced. Conclusions Altogether, we identified and characterized the ANT protein of T. gondii. Depletion of TgANT inhibited parasite growth and impaired apicoplast and mitochondrial biogenesis, as well as abnormal parasite division, suggesting TgANT is important for parasite growth. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05295-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Wu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhu Ying
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhepeng Sun
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Li
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qun Liu
- National Animal Protozoa Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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14
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Chapa-Dubocq XR, Garcia-Baez JF, Bazil JN, Javadov S. Crosstalk between adenine nucleotide transporter and mitochondrial swelling: experimental and computational approaches. Cell Biol Toxicol 2022:10.1007/s10565-022-09724-2. [PMID: 35606662 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-022-09724-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism and function are modulated by changes in matrix Ca2+. Small increases in the matrix Ca2+ stimulate mitochondrial bioenergetics, whereas excessive Ca2+ leads to cell death by causing massive matrix swelling and impairing the structural and functional integrity of mitochondria. Sustained opening of the non-selective mitochondrial permeability transition pores (PTP) is the main mechanism responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ overload that leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death. Recent studies suggest the existence of two or more types of PTP, and adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) and FOF1-ATP synthase were proposed to form the PTP independent of each other. Here, we elucidated the role of ANT in PTP opening by applying both experimental and computational approaches. We first developed and corroborated a detailed model of the ANT transport mechanism including the matrix (ANTM), cytosolic (ANTC), and pore (ANTP) states of the transporter. Then, the ANT model was incorporated into a simple, yet effective, empirical model of mitochondrial bioenergetics to ascertain the point when Ca2+ overload initiates PTP opening via an ANT switch-like mechanism activated by matrix Ca2+ and is inhibited by extra-mitochondrial ADP. We found that encoding a heterogeneous Ca2+ response of at least three types of PTPs, weakly, moderately, and strongly sensitive to Ca2+, enabled the model to simulate Ca2+ release dynamics observed after large boluses were administered to a population of energized cardiac mitochondria. Thus, this study demonstrates the potential role of ANT in PTP gating and proposes a novel mechanism governing the cryptic nature of the PTP phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier R Chapa-Dubocq
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA
| | - Jorge F Garcia-Baez
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA
| | - Jason N Bazil
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1046, USA
| | - Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, PR, 00936-5067, USA.
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15
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Li N, Xu H, Liu X, Gao R, He J, Ding Y, Li F, Geng Y, Mu X, Chen X. Exposure to benzo(a)pyrene suppresses mitophagy via ANT1-PINK1-Parkin pathway in ovarian corpus luteum during early pregnancy. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 814:152759. [PMID: 34986425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to benzo (a)pyrene (BaP) has been confirmed to interfere with embryo implantation. As the primary organ of progesterone synthesis during early pregnancy, the ovarian corpus luteum (CL) is essential for embryo implantation and pregnancy maintenance. We previously demonstrated that BaP impaired luteal function, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In CL cells, mitochondria are the main sites of progesterone synthesis. Mitophagy, a particular type of autophagy, regulates mitochondrial quality by degrading damaged mitochondria and ensuring the homeostasis of cell physiology. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects and the potential molecular mechanisms of BaP on ovarian mitophagy during early pregnancy. We found that BaP and its metabolite, BPDE, inhibited autophagy and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in the pregnant ovaries and luteinized granulosa cell, KGN. Notably, adenine nucleotide translocator 1 (ANT1), a crucial mediator of PINK1-dependent mitophagy, was suppressed by BaP and BPDE both in vivo and in vitro. The inhibition of ANT1 leads to the decrease in the PINK1 bound to the outer membrane of mitochondria and consequently reduces recruitment of Parkin to the mitochondria, which is required for the subsequent clearance of mitochondria. Meanwhile, exposure to BPDE also damaged mitochondrial function, causing the reduction in mitochondrial potential and ATP production. Overexpression of ANT1 in KGN cells partially relieved the inhibition of mitophagy caused by BPDE, restored mitochondrial function and expression of hormone synthesis-associated genes. Collectively, our study firstly clarified that BaP and BPDE suppress mitophagy of CL cells via the ANT1-PINK1-Parkin pathway, which provides a new insight to explore the detailed mechanism of the BaP-induced ovarian toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanyan Li
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Hanting Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Rufei Gao
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yanqing Geng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xinyi Mu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction & Development, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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16
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Małecki JM, Davydova E, Falnes PØ. Protein methylation in mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101791. [PMID: 35247388 PMCID: PMC9006661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many proteins are modified by posttranslational methylation, introduced by a number of methyltransferases (MTases). Protein methylation plays important roles in modulating protein function and thus in optimizing and regulating cellular and physiological processes. Research has mainly focused on nuclear and cytosolic protein methylation, but it has been known for many years that also mitochondrial proteins are methylated. During the last decade, significant progress has been made on identifying the MTases responsible for mitochondrial protein methylation and addressing its functional significance. In particular, several novel human MTases have been uncovered that methylate lysine, arginine, histidine, and glutamine residues in various mitochondrial substrates. Several of these substrates are key components of the bioenergetics machinery, e.g., respiratory Complex I, citrate synthase, and the ATP synthase. In the present review, we report the status of the field of mitochondrial protein methylation, with a particular emphasis on recently discovered human MTases. We also discuss evolutionary aspects and functional significance of mitochondrial protein methylation and present an outlook for this emergent research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej M Małecki
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Erna Davydova
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pål Ø Falnes
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
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17
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Boyenle ID, Oyedele AK, Ogunlana AT, Adeyemo AF, Oyelere FS, Akinola OB, Adelusi TI, Ehigie LO, Ehigie AF. Targeting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore for drug discovery: Challenges and opportunities. Mitochondrion 2022; 63:57-71. [PMID: 35077882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Several drug targets have been amenable to drug discovery pursuit not until the characterization of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), a pore with an undefined molecular identity that forms on the inner mitochondrial membrane upon mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) under the influence of calcium overload and oxidative stress. The opening of the pore which is presumed to cause cell death in certain human diseases also has implications under physiological parlance. Different models for this pore have been postulated following its first identification in the last six decades. The mitochondrial community has witnessed many protein candidates such as; voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), Mitochondrial phosphate carrier (PiC), Spastic Paralegin (SPG7), disordered proteins, and F1Fo ATPase. However, genetic studies have cast out most of these candidates with only F1Fo ATPase currently under intense argument. Cyclophilin D (CyPD) remains the widely accepted positive regulator of the MPTP known to date, but no drug candidate has emerged as its inhibitor, raising concern issues for therapeutics. Thus, in this review, we discuss various models of MPTP reported with the hope of stimulating further research in this field. We went beyond the classical description of the MPTP to ascribe a 'two-edged sword property' to the pore for therapeutic function in human disease because its inhibition and activation have pharmacological relevance. We suggested putative proteins upstream to CyPD that can regulate its activity and prevent cell deaths in neurodegenerative disease and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abdulquddus Kehinde Oyedele
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abdeen Tunde Ogunlana
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Folashade Adeyemo
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - Olateju Balikis Akinola
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Leonard Ona Ehigie
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Folasade Ehigie
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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18
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Hellemann E, Walker JL, Lesko MA, Chandrashekarappa DG, Schmidt MC, O’Donnell AF, Durrant JD. Novel mutation in hexokinase 2 confers resistance to 2-deoxyglucose by altering protein dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009929. [PMID: 35235554 PMCID: PMC8920189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is central to many biological processes, serving as an energy source and a building block for biosynthesis. After glucose enters the cell, hexokinases convert it to glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6P) for use in anaerobic fermentation, aerobic oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose-phosphate pathway. We here describe a genetic screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that generated a novel spontaneous mutation in hexokinase-2, hxk2G238V, that confers resistance to the toxic glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2DG). Wild-type hexokinases convert 2DG to 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (2DG-6P), but 2DG-6P cannot support downstream glycolysis, resulting in a cellular starvation-like response. Curiously, though the hxk2G238V mutation encodes a loss-of-function allele, the affected amino acid does not interact directly with bound glucose, 2DG, or ATP. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that Hxk2G238V impedes sugar binding by altering the protein dynamics of the glucose-binding cleft, as well as the large-scale domain-closure motions required for catalysis. These findings shed new light on Hxk2 dynamics and highlight how allosteric changes can influence catalysis, providing new structural insights into this critical regulator of carbohydrate metabolism. Given that hexokinases are upregulated in some cancers and that 2DG and its derivatives have been studied in anti-cancer trials, the present work also provides insights that may apply to cancer biology and drug resistance. Glucose fuels many of the energy-production processes required for normal cell growth. Before glucose can participate in these processes, it must first be chemically modified by proteins called hexokinases. To better understand how hexokinases modify glucose—and how mutations in hexokinase genes might confer drug resistance—we evolved resistance in yeast to a toxic hexokinase-binding molecule called 2DG. We discovered a mutation in the hexokinase gene that confers 2DG resistance and reduces the protein’s ability to modify glucose. Biochemical analyses and computer simulations of the hexokinase protein suggest that the mutation diminishes glucose binding by altering enzyme flexibility. This work shows how cells can evolve resistance to toxins via only modest changes to protein structures. Furthermore, because cancer-cell hexokinases are particularly active, 2DG has been studied as cancer chemotherapy. Thus, the insights this work provides might also apply to cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Hellemann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mitchell A. Lesko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dakshayini G. Chandrashekarappa
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Martin C. Schmidt
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Allyson F. O’Donnell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFO); (JDD)
| | - Jacob D. Durrant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFO); (JDD)
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19
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Zhao L, Deng X, Li Y, Hu J, Xie L, Shi F, Tang M, Bode AM, Zhang X, Liao W, Cao Y. Conformational change of adenine nucleotide translocase-1 mediates cisplatin resistance induced by EBV-LMP1. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e14072. [PMID: 34755470 PMCID: PMC8649884 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202114072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenine nucleotide translocase-1 (ANT1) is an ADP/ATP transporter protein located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. ANT1 is involved not only in the processes of ADP/ATP exchange but also in the composition of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP); and the function of ANT1 is closely related to its own conformational changes. Notably, various viral proteins can interact directly with ANT1 to influence mitochondrial membrane potential by regulating the opening of mPTP, thereby affecting tumor cell fate. The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes the key tumorigenic protein, latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which plays a pivotal role in promoting therapeutic resistance in related tumors. In our study, we identified a novel mechanism for EBV-LMP1-induced alteration of ANT1 conformation in cisplatin resistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Here, we found that EBV-LMP1 localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane and inhibits the opening of mPTP by binding to ANT1, thereby favoring tumor cell survival and drug resistance. The ANT1 conformational inhibitor carboxyatractyloside (CATR) in combination with cisplatin improved the chemosensitivity of EBV-LMP1-positive cells. This finding confirms that ANT1 is a novel therapeutic target for overcoming cisplatin resistance in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Xiangying Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Jianmin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Longlong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel InstituteUniversity of MinnesotaAustinMNUSA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer InvasionChinese Ministry of Education, Department of RadiologyXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical ScienceXiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
- Key Laboratory of CarcinogenesisChinese Ministry of HealthChangshaChina
- Molecular Imaging Research Center of CentralSouth UniversityChangshaChina
- Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid‐Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan ProvinceChangshaChina
- National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and CancerChangshaChina
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20
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Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Neufurth M, Wang X. An unexpected biomaterial against SARS-CoV-2: Bio-polyphosphate blocks binding of the viral spike to the cell receptor. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2021; 51:504-524. [PMID: 34366696 PMCID: PMC8326012 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
No other virus after the outbreak of the influenza pandemic of 1918 affected the world's population as hard as the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. The identification of effective agents/materials to prevent or treat COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is an urgent global need. This review aims to survey novel strategies based on inorganic polyphosphate (polyP), a biologically formed but also synthetically available polyanionic polymeric material, which has the potential of being a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 virus-cell-docking machinery. This virus attaches to the host cell surface receptor ACE2 with its receptor binding domain (RBD), which is present at the tips of the viral envelope spike proteins. On the surface of the RBD an unusually conserved cationic groove is exposed, which is composed of basic amino acids (Arg, Lys, and His). This pattern of cationic amino acids, the cationic groove, matches spatially with the anionic polymeric material, with polyP, allowing an electrostatic interaction. In consequence, the interaction between the RBD and ACE2 is potently blocked. PolyP is a physiological inorganic polymer, synthesized by cells and especially enriched in the blood platelets, which releases metabolically useful energy through enzymatic degradation and coupled ADP/ATP formation. In addition, this material upregulates the steady-state-expression of the mucin genes in the epithelial cells. We propose that polyP, with its two antiviral properties (blocking the binding of the virus to the cells and reinforcing the defense barrier against infiltration of the virus) has the potential to be a novel protective/therapeutic anti-COVID-19 agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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21
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Ikeda T, Watanabe S, Mitani T. Genistein regulates adipogenesis by blocking the function of adenine nucleotide translocase-2 in the mitochondria. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 86:260-272. [PMID: 34849563 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Genistein exerts anti-adipogenic effects, but its target molecules remain unclear. Here, we delineated the molecular mechanism underlying the anti-adipogenic effect of genistein. A pulldown assay using genistein-immobilized beads identified adenine nucleotide translocase-2 as a genistein-binding protein in adipocytes. Adenine nucleotide translocase-2 exchanges ADP/ATP through the mitochondrial inner membrane. Similar to the knockdown of adenine nucleotide translocase-2, genistein treatment decreased ADP uptake into the mitochondria and ATP synthesis. Genistein treatment and adenine nucleotide translocase-2 knockdown suppressed adipogenesis and increased phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Adenine nucleotide translocase-2 knockdown reduced the transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β, whereas AMP-activated protein kinase inhibition restored the suppression of adipogenesis by adenine nucleotide translocase-2 knockdown. These results indicate that genistein interacts directly with adenine nucleotide translocase-2 to suppress its function. The downregulation of adenine nucleotide translocase-2 reduces the transcriptional activity of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, which consequently represses adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ikeda
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduated School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 3994598, Japan
| | - Shun Watanabe
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduated School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 3994598, Japan
| | - Takakazu Mitani
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduated School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 3994598, Japan.,Division of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa, Kamiina, Nagano, 3994598, Japan
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22
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Schwartz MR, Debski AC, Price RJ. Ultrasound-targeted nucleic acid delivery for solid tumor therapy. J Control Release 2021; 339:531-546. [PMID: 34655678 PMCID: PMC8599656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Depending upon multiple factors, malignant solid tumors are conventionally treated by some combination of surgical resection, radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Despite decades of research, therapeutic responses remain poor for many cancer indications. Further, many current therapies in our armamentarium are either invasive or accompanied by toxic side effects. In lieu of traditional pharmaceutics and invasive therapeutic interventions, gene therapies offer more flexible and potentially more durable approaches for new anti-cancer therapies. Nonetheless, many current gene delivery approaches suffer from low transfection efficiency due to physiological barriers limiting extravasation and uptake of genetic material. Additionally, systemically administered gene therapies may lack target-specificity, which can lead to off-target effects. To overcome these challenges, many preclinical studies have shown the utility of focused ultrasound (FUS) to increase macromolecule uptake in cells and tissue under image guidance, demonstrating promise for improved delivery of therapeutics to solid tumors. As FUS-based drug delivery is now being tested in several clinical trials around the world, FUS-targeted gene therapy for solid tumor therapy may not be far behind. In this review, we comprehensively cover the literature pertaining to preclinical attempts to more efficiently deliver therapeutic genetic material with FUS and offer perspectives for future studies and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Schwartz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Anna C Debski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Richard J Price
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA; Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
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23
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Guerrero-Castillo S, van Strien J, Brandt U, Arnold S. Ablation of mitochondrial DNA results in widespread remodeling of the mitochondrial complexome. EMBO J 2021; 40:e108648. [PMID: 34542926 PMCID: PMC8561636 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
So‐called ρ0 cells lack mitochondrial DNA and are therefore incapable of aerobic ATP synthesis. How cells adapt to survive ablation of oxidative phosphorylation remains poorly understood. Complexome profiling analysis of ρ0 cells covered 1,002 mitochondrial proteins and revealed changes in abundance and organization of numerous multiprotein complexes including previously not described assemblies. Beyond multiple subassemblies of complexes that would normally contain components encoded by mitochondrial DNA, we observed widespread reorganization of the complexome. This included distinct changes in the expression pattern of adenine nucleotide carrier isoforms, other mitochondrial transporters, and components of the protein import machinery. Remarkably, ablation of mitochondrial DNA hardly affected the complexes organizing cristae junctions indicating that the altered cristae morphology in ρ0 mitochondria predominantly resulted from the loss of complex V dimers required to impose narrow curvatures to the inner membrane. Our data provide a comprehensive resource for in‐depth analysis of remodeling of the mitochondrial complexome in response to respiratory deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Guerrero-Castillo
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,University Children's Research@Kinder-UKE, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joeri van Strien
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Susanne Arnold
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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24
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Aslam M, Kanthlal SK, Panonummal R. Peptides: A Supercilious Candidate for Activating Intrinsic Apoptosis by Targeting Mitochondrial Membrane Permeability for Cancer Therapy. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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25
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Balaji S. The transferred translocases: An old wine in a new bottle. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:1587-1610. [PMID: 34324237 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The role of translocases was underappreciated and was not included as a separate class in the enzyme commission until August 2018. The recent research interests in proteomics of orphan enzymes, ionomics, and metallomics along with high-throughput sequencing technologies generated overwhelming data and revamped this enzyme into a separate class. This offers a great opportunity to understand the role of new or orphan enzymes in general and specifically translocases. The enzymes belonging to translocases regulate/permeate the transfer of ions or molecules across the membranes. These enzyme entries were previously associated with other enzyme classes, which are now transferred to a new enzyme class 7 (EC 7). The entries that are reclassified are important to extend the enzyme list, and it is the need of the hour. Accordingly, there is an upgradation of entries of this class of enzymes in several databases. This review is a concise compilation of translocases with reference to the number of entries currently available in the databases. This review also focuses on function as well as dysfunction of translocases during normal and disordered states, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Balaji
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576 104, India
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26
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Lemasters JJ. Metabolic implications of non-electrogenic ATP/ADP exchange in cancer cells: A mechanistic basis for the Warburg effect. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148410. [PMID: 33722515 PMCID: PMC8096716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In post-mitotic cells, mitochondrial ATP/ADP exchange occurs by the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT). Driven by membrane potential (ΔΨ), ANT catalyzes electrogenic exchange of ATP4- for ADP3-, leading to higher ATP/ADP ratios in the cytosol than mitochondria. In cancer cells, ATP/ADP exchange occurs not by ANT but likely via the non-electrogenic ATP-Mg/phosphate carrier. Consequences of non-electrogenic exchange are: 1) Cytosolic ATP/ADP decreases to stimulate aerobic glycolysis. 2) Without proton utilization for exchange, ATP/O increases by 35% for complete glucose oxidation. 3) Decreased cytosolic ATP/ADPPi increases NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+. Increased NADH increases lactate/pyruvate, and increased NADPH promotes anabolic metabolism. Fourth, increased mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ magnifies the redox span across Complexes I and III, which increases ΔΨ, reactive oxygen species generation, and susceptibility to ferroptosis. 5) Increased mitochondrial NADPH/NADP+ favors a reverse isocitrate dehydrogenase-2 reaction with citrate accumulation and export for biomass formation. Consequently, 2-oxoglutarate formation occurs largely via oxidation of glutamine, the preferred respiratory substrate of cancer cells. Overall, non-electrogenic ATP/ADP exchange promotes aerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) and confers specific growth advantages to cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Lemasters
- Center for Cell Death, Injury & Regeneration, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America; Department of Drug Discovery & Biomedical Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, United States of America.
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27
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A Walk in the Memory, from the First Functional Approach up to Its Regulatory Role of Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Flow in Health and Disease: Focus on the Adenine Nucleotide Translocator. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084164. [PMID: 33920595 PMCID: PMC8073645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) plays the fundamental role of gatekeeper of cellular energy flow, carrying out the reversible exchange of ADP for ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. ADP enters the mitochondria where, through the oxidative phosphorylation process, it is the substrate of Fo-F1 ATP synthase, producing ATP that is dispatched from the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm of the host cell, where it can be used as energy currency for the metabolic needs of the cell that require energy. Long ago, we performed a method that allowed us to monitor the activity of ANT by continuously detecting the ATP gradually produced inside the mitochondria and exported in the extramitochondrial phase in exchange with externally added ADP, under conditions quite close to a physiological state, i.e., when oxidative phosphorylation takes place. More than 30 years after the development of the method, here we aim to put the spotlight on it and to emphasize its versatile applicability in the most varied pathophysiological conditions, reviewing all the studies, in which we were able to observe what really happened in the cell thanks to the use of the "ATP detecting system" allowing the functional activity of the ANT-mediated ADP/ATP exchange to be measured.
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28
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Han Q, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wu L, Sun X. Bufarenogin induces intrinsic apoptosis via Bax and ANT cooperation. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00694. [PMID: 33421322 PMCID: PMC7796793 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Toads have high medicinal value and have been used for medicinal purposes since the Tang Dynasty period (7th-10th Century AD). Bufarenogin, an active anti-tumor constituent of toad venom, shows anti-tumor activity. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of bufarenogin on the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly its effects on mediating intrinsic signaling pathways that initiate apoptosis. An orthotopic CRC model was established in nude mice via surgical orthotopic implantation to investigate tumor growth. Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and Western blotting assays were performed to evaluate protein expression. The in vitro results revealed the anti-proliferative effect of bufarenogin against CRC cells. Bufarenogin caused cell death via apoptosis, as revealed by Annexin V/7-amino-actinomycin D double staining, which was verified using a pan-caspase inhibitor. Bufarenogin induced B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (Bax)-dependent intrinsic apoptosis, as demonstrated by mitochondrial translocation of Bax and cytoplasm release of HCT116 wild-type cells and cytochrome C (soluble pro-apoptotic factors). Additionally, we showed that adenine-nucleotide translocator interacted with Bax. Bufarenogin induced intrinsic apoptosis through the cooperation of Bax and adenine-nucleotide translocator and inhibited the metastasis and growth of orthotopical CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinrui Han
- Shunde HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityThe First People's Hospital of ShundeFoshanChina
| | - Chun Zhang
- Shunde HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityThe First People's Hospital of ShundeFoshanChina
| | - Yongbin Zhang
- The Laboratory of Experimental Animal CenterGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Liyi Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xuegang Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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29
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Zhao L, Tang M, Bode AM, Liao W, Cao Y. ANTs and cancer: Emerging pathogenesis, mechanisms, and perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188485. [PMID: 33309965 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Adenine nucleotide translocases (ANTs) are a class of transporters located in the inner mitochondrial membrane that not only couple processes of cellular productivity and energy expenditure, but are also involved in the composition of the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (mPTP). The function of ANTs has been found to be most closely related to their own conformational changes. Notably, as multifunctional proteins, ANTs play a key role in oncogenesis, which provides building blocks for tumor anabolism, control oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis homeostasis, and govern cell death. Thus, ANTs constitute promising targets for the development of novel anticancer agents. Here, we review the recent findings regarding ANTs and their important mechanisms in cancer, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of targeting ANTs for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN, USA
| | - Weihua Liao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Chinese Ministry of Health, Changsha 410078, China; Molecular Imaging Research Center of Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China; Research Center for Technologies of Nucleic Acid-Based Diagnostics and Therapeutics Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China; National Joint Engineering Research Center for Genetic Diagnostics of Infectious Diseases and Cancer, Changsha 410078, China.
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30
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Vial J, Huchedé P, Fagault S, Basset F, Rossi M, Geoffray J, Soldati H, Bisaccia J, Elsensohn MH, Creveaux M, Neves D, Blay JY, Fauvelle F, Bouquet F, Streichenberger N, Corradini N, Bergeron C, Maucort-Boulch D, Castets P, Carré M, Weber K, Castets M. Low expression of ANT1 confers oncogenic properties to rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells by modulating metabolism and death pathways. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:64. [PMID: 32728477 PMCID: PMC7382490 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most frequent form of pediatric soft-tissue sarcoma. It is divided into two main subtypes: ERMS (embryonal) and ARMS (alveolar). Current treatments are based on chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. The 5-year survival rate has plateaued at 70% since 2000, despite several clinical trials. RMS cells are thought to derive from the muscle lineage. During development, myogenesis includes the expansion of muscle precursors, the elimination of those in excess by cell death and the differentiation of the remaining ones into myofibers. The notion that these processes may be hijacked by tumor cells to sustain their oncogenic transformation has emerged, with RMS being considered as the dark side of myogenesis. Thus, dissecting myogenic developmental programs could improve our understanding of RMS molecular etiology. We focused herein on ANT1, which is involved in myogenesis and is responsible for genetic disorders associated with muscle degeneration. ANT1 is a mitochondrial protein, which has a dual functionality, as it is involved both in metabolism via the regulation of ATP/ADP release from mitochondria and in regulated cell death as part of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Bioinformatics analyses of transcriptomic datasets revealed that ANT1 is expressed at low levels in RMS. Using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology, we showed that reduced ANT1 expression confers selective advantages to RMS cells in terms of proliferation and resistance to stress-induced death. These effects arise notably from an abnormal metabolic switch induced by ANT1 downregulation. Restoration of ANT1 expression using a Tet-On system is sufficient to prime tumor cells to death and to increase their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Based on our results, modulation of ANT1 expression and/or activity appears as an appealing therapeutic approach in RMS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Vial
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - P. Huchedé
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - S. Fagault
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - F. Basset
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - M. Rossi
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm UMR_S 911, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - J. Geoffray
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - H. Soldati
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, CMU, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J. Bisaccia
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - M. H. Elsensohn
- Service de Biostatistique—Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France
| | - M. Creveaux
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | | | - J. Y. Blay
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - F. Fauvelle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, US17, MRI facility IRMaGe, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - F. Bouquet
- Roche Institute, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - N. Streichenberger
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- INMG CNRS UMR 5310, INSERM U1217, Université Claude Bernard Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - N. Corradini
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - C. Bergeron
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - D. Maucort-Boulch
- Service de Biostatistique—Bioinformatique, Pôle Santé Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, F-69003 Lyon, France
| | - P. Castets
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva, CMU, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M. Carré
- Aix-Marseille Université, Inserm UMR_S 911, Centre de Recherche en Oncologie biologique et Oncopharmacologie, Faculté de pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - K. Weber
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - M. Castets
- Cell death and Childhood Cancers Laboratory—Equipe labellisée LabEx DEV2CAN, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, INSERM U1052-CNRS UMR5286, Université de Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 69008 Lyon, France
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Bround MJ, Bers DM, Molkentin JD. A 20/20 view of ANT function in mitochondrial biology and necrotic cell death. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 144:A3-A13. [PMID: 32454061 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine nucleotide translocase (ANT) family of proteins are inner mitochondrial membrane proteins involved in energy homeostasis and cell death. The primary function of ANT proteins is to exchange cytosolic ADP with matrix ATP, facilitating the export of newly synthesized ATP to the cell while providing new ADP substrate to the mitochondria. As such, the ANT proteins are central to maintaining energy homeostasis in all eukaryotic cells. Evidence also suggests that the ANTs constitute a pore-forming component of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), a structure that forms in the inner mitochondrial membrane that is thought to underlie regulated necrotic cell death. Additionally, emerging studies suggest that ANT proteins are also critical for mitochondrial uncoupling and for promoting mitophagy. Thus, the ANTs are multifunctional proteins that are poised to participate in several aspects of mitochondrial biology and the greater regulation of cell death, which will be discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Bround
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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Adenine Nucleotide Translocase 2 as an Enzyme Related to [ 18F] FDG Accumulation in Various Cancers. Mol Imaging Biol 2020; 21:722-730. [PMID: 30225759 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) and hexokinase 2 (HK2) are known as major proteins involved in the molecular mechanisms for accumulating 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) in cancer cells, sometimes, [18F] FDG accumulation cannot be explained by the expression of these two proteins. We investigated the involvement of adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (ANT2), which catalyzes ADP/ATP exchange at the mitochondrial inner membrane, in [18F] FDG accumulation. PROCEDURES ANT2 expression was evaluated in various cancer cell lines and human cancer tissues (microarrays) using western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, respectively. The expression levels of ANT2 were compared to [18F] FDG accumulation and pathologic findings, including differentiation grade. Additionally, we modulated ANT2 expression levels using ANT2 siRNA and an ANT2 expression vector in cancer cells and murine xenografted tumors. RESULTS [18F] FDG accumulation correlated with ANT2 expression in various cancer cell lines; this was not explained by GLUT1 and/or HK2 expression. At both the cell and tissue levels, ANT2 expression was high in less-differentiated or more malignant type of cancers. [18F] FDG accumulation changed according to the modulation of the ANT2 expression level. CONCLUSION In various cancer cells and tissues, the expression levels of ANT2 explained [18F] FDG accumulation better than those of GLUT1 and HK2. ANT2 can be used as a marker of dedifferentiated pathology and aggressiveness of cancer.
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Fiorito V, Chiabrando D, Petrillo S, Bertino F, Tolosano E. The Multifaceted Role of Heme in Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 9:1540. [PMID: 32010627 PMCID: PMC6974621 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme, an iron-containing porphyrin, is of vital importance for cells due to its involvement in several biological processes, including oxygen transport, energy production and drug metabolism. Besides these vital functions, heme also bears toxic properties and, therefore, the amount of heme inside the cells must be tightly regulated. Similarly, heme intake from dietary sources is strictly controlled to meet body requirements. The multifaceted nature of heme renders it a best candidate molecule exploited/controlled by tumor cells in order to modulate their energetic metabolism, to interact with the microenvironment and to sustain proliferation and survival. The present review summarizes the literature on heme and cancer, emphasizing the importance to consider heme as a prominent player in different aspects of tumor onset and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Fiorito
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Deborah Chiabrando
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Petrillo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Bertino
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emanuela Tolosano
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Mitochondrial Uncoupling: A Key Controller of Biological Processes in Physiology and Diseases. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080795. [PMID: 31366145 PMCID: PMC6721602 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial uncoupling can be defined as a dissociation between mitochondrial membrane potential generation and its use for mitochondria-dependent ATP synthesis. Although this process was originally considered a mitochondrial dysfunction, the identification of UCP-1 as an endogenous physiological uncoupling protein suggests that the process could be involved in many other biological processes. In this review, we first compare the mitochondrial uncoupling agents available in term of mechanistic and non-specific effects. Proteins regulating mitochondrial uncoupling, as well as chemical compounds with uncoupling properties are discussed. Second, we summarize the most recent findings linking mitochondrial uncoupling and other cellular or biological processes, such as bulk and specific autophagy, reactive oxygen species production, protein secretion, cell death, physical exercise, metabolic adaptations in adipose tissue, and cell signaling. Finally, we show how mitochondrial uncoupling could be used to treat several human diseases, such as obesity, cardiovascular diseases, or neurological disorders.
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Małecki JM, Willemen HLDM, Pinto R, Ho AYY, Moen A, Eijkelkamp N, Falnes PØ. Human FAM173A is a mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferase that targets adenine nucleotide translocase and affects mitochondrial respiration. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11654-11664. [PMID: 31213526 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysine methylation is a common posttranslational modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins but is also present in mitochondria. The human protein denoted "family with sequence similarity 173 member B" (FAM173B) was recently uncovered as a mitochondrial lysine (K)-specific methyltransferase (KMT) targeting the c-subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATPSc), and was therefore renamed ATPSc-KMT. We here set out to investigate the biochemical function of its yet uncharacterized paralogue FAM173A. We demonstrate that FAM173A localizes to mitochondria, mediated by a noncanonical targeting sequence that is partially retained in the mature protein. Immunoblotting analysis using methyllysine-specific antibodies revealed that FAM173A knock-out (KO) abrogates lysine methylation of a single mitochondrial protein in human cells. Mass spectrometry analysis identified this protein as adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), represented by two highly similar isoforms ANT2 and ANT3. We found that methylation occurs at Lys-52 of ANT, which was previously reported to be trimethylated. Complementation of KO cells with WT or enzyme-dead FAM173A indicated that the enzymatic activity of FAM173A is required for ANT methylation at Lys-52 to occur. Both in human cells and in rat organs, Lys-52 was exclusively trimethylated, indicating that this modification is constitutive, rather than regulatory and dynamic. Moreover, FAM173A-deficient cells displayed increased mitochondrial respiration compared with FAM173A-proficient cells. In summary, we demonstrate that FAM173A is the long-sought KMT responsible for ANT methylation at Lys-52, and point out the functional significance of Lys-52 methylation in ANT. Based on the established naming nomenclature for KMTs, we propose to rename FAM173A to ANT-KMT (gene name ANTKMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej M Małecki
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanneke L D M Willemen
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Angela Y Y Ho
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anders Moen
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology (LTI), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pål Ø Falnes
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Gong Y, Fan Z, Luo G, Yang C, Huang Q, Fan K, Cheng H, Jin K, Ni Q, Yu X, Liu C. The role of necroptosis in cancer biology and therapy. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:100. [PMID: 31122251 PMCID: PMC6532150 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 115.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis resistance is to a large extent a major obstacle leading to chemotherapy failure during cancer treatment. Bypassing the apoptotic pathway to induce cancer cell death is considered to be a promising approach to overcoming this problem. Necroptosis is a regulated necrotic cell death modality in a caspase-independent fashion and is mainly mediated by Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1), RIP3, and Mixed Lineage Kinase Domain-Like (MLKL). Necroptosis serves as an alternative mode of programmed cell death overcoming apoptosis resistance and may trigger and amplify antitumor immunity in cancer therapy.The role of necroptosis in cancer is complicated. The expression of key regulators of the necroptotic pathway is generally downregulated in cancer cells, suggesting that cancer cells may also evade necroptosis to survive; however, in certain types of cancer, the expression level of key mediators is elevated. Necroptosis can elicit strong adaptive immune responses that may defend against tumor progression; however, the recruited inflammatory response may also promote tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis, and necroptosis may generate an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Necroptosis also reportedly promotes oncogenesis and cancer metastasis despite evidence demonstrating its antimetastatic role in cancer. In addition, necroptotic microenvironments can direct lineage commitment to determine cancer subtype development in liver cancer. A plethora of compounds and drugs targeting necroptosis exhibit potential antitumor efficacy, but their clinical feasibility must be validated.Better knowledge of the necroptotic pathway mechanism and its physiological and pathological functions is urgently required to solve the remaining mysteries surrounding the role of necroptosis in cancer. In this review, we briefly introduce the molecular mechanism and characteristics of necroptosis, the interplay between necroptosis and other cell death mechanisms, crosstalk of necroptosis and metabolic signaling and detection methods. We also summarize the intricate role of necroptosis in tumor progression, cancer metastasis, prognosis of cancer patients, cancer immunity regulation, cancer subtype determination and cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Gong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Zhiyao Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Guopei Luo
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Kun Fan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - He Cheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Kaizhou Jin
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Quanxing Ni
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032 China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
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Matsubara H, Tanaka R, Tateishi T, Yoshida H, Yamaguchi M, Kataoka T. The human Bcl-2 family member Bcl-rambo and voltage-dependent anion channels manifest a genetic interaction in Drosophila and cooperatively promote the activation of effector caspases in human cultured cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 381:223-234. [PMID: 31102594 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported that the Bcl-2 family member human Bcl-rambo, also known as BCL2L13, induces apoptosis in human embryonic kidney 293T cells. Mouse Bcl-rambo has recently been reported to mediate mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. In the present study, we showed that the transfection of human Bcl-rambo and its microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-interacting region motif mutant (W276A/I279A) caused mitochondrial fragmentation and the perinuclear accumulation of fragmented mitochondria in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. In comprehensive screening using the Drosophila model in which human Bcl-rambo was ectopically expressed in eye imaginal discs, voltage-dependent anion channels (VDAC), also known as mitochondrial porin, were found to manifest a genetic interaction with human Bcl-rambo. In addition to human adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) 1 and ANT2, the human Bcl-rambo protein bound to human VDAC1, albeit to a lesser extent than ANT2. Moreover, human VDAC1 and human VDAC2 in particular promoted the activation of effector caspases only when they were co-expressed with human Bcl-rambo in 293T cells. Bcl-rambo induced the perinuclear accumulation of fragmented mitochondria by the knockdown of VDAC1, VDAC2, and VDAC3 in A549 cells. Thus, the present study revealed that human Bcl-rambo and VDAC cooperatively promote the activation of effector caspases in human cultured cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Matsubara
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Reiji Tanaka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Tateishi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Yoshida
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan; Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan; Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan
| | - Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan; Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8585, Japan.
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38
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Woznicka-Misaila A, Juillan-Binard C, Baud D, Pebay-Peyroula E, Ravaud S. Cell-free production, purification and characterization of human mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers. Protein Expr Purif 2017; 144:46-54. [PMID: 29217202 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Carriers (MCs) are responsible for fluent traffic of a variety of compounds that need to be shuttled via mitochondrial inner membranes to maintain cell metabolism. The ADP/ATP Carriers (AACs) are responsible for the import of ADP inside the mitochondria and the export of newly synthesized ATP. In human, four different AACs isoforms are described which are expressed in tissue-specific manner. They are involved in different genetic diseases and play a role in cancerogenesis. Up to now only the structures of the bovine (isoform 1) and yeast (isoforms 2 and 3) AAC have been determined in one particular conformation, obtained in complex with the CATR inhibitor. Herein, we report that full-length human ADP/ATP Carriers isoform 1 and 3 were successfully expressed in cell-free system and purified in milligram amounts in detergent-solubilized state. The proteins exhibited the expected secondary structure content. Thermostability profiles showing stabilization by the CATR inhibitor suggest that the carriers are well folded.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Céline Juillan-Binard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Baud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eva Pebay-Peyroula
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Stéphanie Ravaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000 Grenoble, France.
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39
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Han M, Cheng X, Gao Z, Zhao R, Zhang S. Inhibition of tumor cell growth by adenine is mediated by apoptosis induction and cell cycle S phase arrest. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94286-94296. [PMID: 29212228 PMCID: PMC5706874 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gekko swinhonis has a long standing history in Chinese traditional medicine recognized for its application in treating patients with terminal cancer.In order to discover novel anticancer drugs with high anti-tumor efficacy and low toxicity to normal cells, we aim to investigate the anti-tumor components from Gekko swinhonis. Four nucleosides from the extracted samples were enriched, namely adenosine, guanosine, thymidine and inosine. We evaluated the antitumor effect of the four nucleosides and found that adenosine possessed the strongest anti-tumor effect. Besides, adenine could inhibit the growth of Bel-7402 and Hela cells in a dose and time dependent manner, but not normal human cervical keratinocytes. Bel-7402 and Hela cells had undergone apoptosis 48 hours after treatment as evidenced by morphologic changes under TEM, while adenine blocked cell cycle of tumor cells at S phase and subsequently causing cell cycle exit and promoting apoptosis. Moreover, the pharmacokinetics of adenine was stable in cell culture medium for up to 72 hours. Combining its potency with stability, we conclude adenine makes a promising candidate for an anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Han
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Zhiqin Gao
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Rongrong Zhao
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, China
| | - Shizhuang Zhang
- Medical Imaging Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, China
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40
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Lytovchenko O, Kunji ERS. Expression and putative role of mitochondrial transport proteins in cancer. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:641-654. [PMID: 28342810 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo major changes in energy and biosynthetic metabolism. One of them is the Warburg effect, in which pyruvate is used for fermentation rather for oxidative phosphorylation. Another major one is their increased reliance on glutamine, which helps to replenish the pool of Krebs cycle metabolites used for other purposes, such as amino acid or lipid biosynthesis. Mitochondria are central to these alterations, as the biochemical pathways linking these processes run through these organelles. Two membranes, an outer and inner membrane, surround mitochondria, the latter being impermeable to most organic compounds. Therefore, a large number of transport proteins are needed to link the biochemical pathways of the cytosol and mitochondrial matrix. Since the transport steps are relatively slow, it is expected that many of these transport steps are altered when cells become cancerous. In this review, changes in expression and regulation of these transport proteins are discussed as well as the role of the transported substrates. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Mitochondria in Cancer, edited by Giuseppe Gasparre, Rodrigue Rossignol and Pierre Sonveaux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Lytovchenko
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Edmund R S Kunji
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
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Lee J. Mitochondrial drug targets in neurodegenerative diseases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:714-720. [PMID: 26806044 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is the main culprit in neurodegenerative diseases. Given the fact that mitochondria participate in diverse cellular processes, including energetics, metabolism, and death, the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction in neuronal cells are inevitable. In fact, new strategies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction are emerging as potential alternatives to current treatment options for neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we focus on mitochondrial proteins that are directly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. We also examine recently identified small molecule modulators of these mitochondrial targets and assess their potential in research and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science, Sungshin University, Seoul 142-732, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Jang JY, Kim YG, Nam SJ, Keam B, Kim TM, Jeon YK, Kim CW. Targeting Adenine Nucleotide Translocase-2 (ANT2) to Overcome Resistance to Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:1387-96. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pan H, Wang BH, Lv W, Jiang Y, He L. Esculetin induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells through a cyclophilin D-mediated mitochondrial permeability transition pore associated with ROS. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 242:51-60. [PMID: 26388407 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Esculetin is a coumarin derivative from natural plants that has been commonly used as a folk medicine and has been reported to have beneficial pharmacological and biochemical activities; however, the mechanism by which esculetin prevents human gastric cancer cell growth is still largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of esculetin on human gastric cancer cells and explored the cell death mechanism. Our data indicated that esculetin inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner and apoptosis was the main cause of decreased cell viability in esculetin-treated cells. Additionally, esculetin treatment increased the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3, and resulted in the appearance of the PARP cleavage product; and esculetin-induced cell death and apoptosis was decreased by pretreatment with CsA and NAC, but not BA; these results demonstrate that esculetin induced apoptosis via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway in human gastric cancer cells in which cyclophilin D mediated the cytotoxic action by triggering the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore; and the generation of ROS not only was a consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction, but also triggered esculetin-induced apoptosis. These results reveal a novel mechanism of esculetin on gastric cancer cells and suggest that esculetin could be a novel agent in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bao-Hui Wang
- Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wang Lv
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Zhejiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei He
- The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Qingchun Road 79, Hangzhou, China
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44
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Kwong JQ, Molkentin JD. Physiological and pathological roles of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the heart. Cell Metab 2015; 21:206-214. [PMID: 25651175 PMCID: PMC4616258 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening results in mitochondrial energetic dysfunction, organelle swelling, rupture, and typically a type of necrotic cell death. However, acute opening of the MPTP has a critical physiologic role in regulating mitochondrial Ca(2+) handling and metabolism. Despite the physiological and pathological roles that the MPTP orchestrates, the proteins that comprise the pore itself remain an area of ongoing investigation. Here, we will discuss the molecular composition of the MPTP and its role in regulating cardiac physiology and disease. A better understanding of MPTP structure and function will likely suggest novel cardioprotective therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Q Kwong
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jeffery D Molkentin
- Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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45
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Carvalho PHPR, Correa JR, Guido BC, Gatto CC, De Oliveira HCB, Soares TA, Neto BAD. Designed Benzothiadiazole Fluorophores for Selective Mitochondrial Imaging and Dynamics. Chemistry 2014; 20:15360-74. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201404039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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46
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DeVorkin L, Go NE, Hou YCC, Moradian A, Morin GB, Gorski SM. The Drosophila effector caspase Dcp-1 regulates mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic flux via SesB. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 205:477-92. [PMID: 24862573 PMCID: PMC4033768 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201303144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence reveals that a subset of proteins participates in both the autophagy and apoptosis pathways, and this intersection is important in normal physiological contexts and in pathological settings. In this paper, we show that the Drosophila effector caspase, Drosophila caspase 1 (Dcp-1), localizes within mitochondria and regulates mitochondrial morphology and autophagic flux. Loss of Dcp-1 led to mitochondrial elongation, increased levels of the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase stress-sensitive B (SesB), increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and a reduction in autophagic flux. Moreover, we find that SesB suppresses autophagic flux during midoogenesis, identifying a novel negative regulator of autophagy. Reduced SesB activity or depletion of ATP by oligomycin A could rescue the autophagic defect in Dcp-1 loss-of-function flies, demonstrating that Dcp-1 promotes autophagy by negatively regulating SesB and ATP levels. Furthermore, we find that pro-Dcp-1 interacts with SesB in a nonproteolytic manner to regulate its stability. These data reveal a new mitochondrial-associated molecular link between nonapoptotic caspase function and autophagy regulation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay DeVorkin
- The Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nancy Erro Go
- The Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Ying-Chen Claire Hou
- The Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Annie Moradian
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Gregg B Morin
- The Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sharon M Gorski
- The Genome Sciences Centre, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6, Canada
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47
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Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that metabolism plays a critical role in the control of various cellular functions, including cell death. Thus, several mechanisms of programmed cell death have been shown to be controlled by metabolic cues. Since programmed cell death represents a fundamental process in various physiological and pathophysiological conditions, including oncogenesis, tumor progression, and resistance to therapy, the metabolic profile of cancer cells is expected to have a significant impact on all these phases of malignant transformation. Further insights into the signal transduction cascades that regulate different cell death pathways in response to metabolic fluctuations will likely result in the identification of potential targets for the development of novel therapeutic interventions. As the deregulation of cell metabolism as well as alterations in cell death pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple human diseases other than cancer, this knowledge has a great translational potential in several areas of medicine.
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48
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Zhu M, Hong D, Bao Y, Wang C, Pan W. Oridonin induces the apoptosis of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma cells via a mitochondrial pathway. Oncol Lett 2013; 6:1502-1506. [PMID: 24179549 PMCID: PMC3813803 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective induction of apoptosis is a promising strategy for cancer therapy. The antitumor effects of oridonin have been reported in several types of malignant tumors. However, the effects of oridonin on MHCC97-H cells, a highly metastatic human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, have not been reported. The present study aimed to determine the effect of oridonin on the apoptosis of MHCC97-H cells and to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms that are involved. Compared with the untreated control cells, oridonin significantly decreased (P<0.05) cell proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Oridonin at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μM resulted in increased apoptotic Annexin V-positive and propidium iodide-negative cells by 9.5, 15.6, 22.2 and 31.7%, respectively, compared with the control groups (P<0.05). The mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly decreased by 6.0, 12.9, 18.9 and 27.1% in the MHCC97-H cells that were treated with oridonin at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 μM, respectively, for 24 h compared with the control groups (P<0.05). Oridonin increased the activity of caspase-3 and the expression of cleaved caspase-9 and cytochrome c in the cytoplasm and decreased the Bcl-2:Bax ratio in a concentration-dependent manner. The data indicate that oridonin inhibited the proliferation of the MHCC97-H cells by inducing apoptosis via a mitochondrial pathway. This mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis involved a reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential and the subsequent release of cytochrome c and activation of caspase-3 and -9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- The Public Laboratory, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang, Wenzhou Medical College, Linhai, P.R. China
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Abstract
Mitochondria are implicated in many important cellular functions covering the whole life cycle from mitochondrial biogenesis to cell death. Mitochondrial homeostasis is tightly regulated, and mitochondrial dysfunction is frequently associated with severe human pathologies (eg, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and neurodegeneration). The permeability transition pore (PTP) is an unselective voltage-dependent mitochondrial channel. Despite the extensive use of electrophysiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, and genetic invalidation in mice, the molecular identity of PTP is still unknown. Nevertheless, PTP is central to mitochondrial vital functions and can play a lethal role in many pathophysiological conditions. This review recapitulates the current knowledge of the various modes of conductance of the PTP channel and discusses their implication in the physiological roles of PTP and their regulation. Based on its involvement in normal physiology and human pathology, a better understanding of this channel and its roles remains a major goal for basic scientists and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Brenner
- INSERM UMR-S 769, LabEx LERMIT, Université de Paris-Sud, 5, Rue JB Clément, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
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50
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Alternative cell death pathways and cell metabolism. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013:463637. [PMID: 23401689 PMCID: PMC3564271 DOI: 10.1155/2013/463637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While necroptosis has for long been viewed as an accidental mode of cell death triggered by physical or chemical damage, it has become clear over the last years that necroptosis can also represent a programmed form of cell death in mammalian cells. Key discoveries in the field of cell death research, including the identification of critical components of the necroptotic machinery, led to a revised concept of cell death signaling programs. Several regulatory check and balances are in place in order to ensure that necroptosis is tightly controlled according to environmental cues and cellular needs. This network of regulatory mechanisms includes metabolic pathways, especially those linked to mitochondrial signaling events. A better understanding of these signal transduction mechanisms will likely contribute to open new avenues to exploit our knowledge on the regulation of necroptosis signaling for therapeutic application in the treatment of human diseases.
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