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Wang K, Shi J, Chen Z, Xue D, He X. Cdk1/p53/p21 feedback loop mechanisms in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167305. [PMID: 38880159 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate the role of the Cdk1/p53/p21 feedback loop in the pathogenesis of interstitial cystitis (IC)/bladder pain syndrome (BPS). MATERIALS AND METHODS An IC/BPS cell model was established. Cell viability was determined using the CCK-8 assay. Flow cytometry was adopted to assess cell apoptosis rates. ELISA was employed to measure secretion levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α). Gene expressions were assessed using PCR, while protein expressions were analyzed through Western blotting analysis. Epithelial permeability was demonstrated using the phenol red leakage experiment and FITC-dextran permeability assay. The interaction between proteins was determined using co-immunoprecipitation, and protein localization was investigated using immunofluorescence. RESULTS The CCK-8 assay revealed a significantly reduced viability of IC/BPS cells compared to normal epithelial cells (p < 0.05). Elevated levels of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α were detected in IC/BPS cells. Changes in the expressions of E-cadherin and ZO-1 were evident, leading to increased epithelial permeability in IC/BPS cells. Furthermore, within IC/BPS cells, Cdk1 phosphorylated p53 in the nucleus. The Cdk1/p53/p21 feedback loop was established to influence urothelial permeability. Both p21 and Cdk1 inhibitors notably reduced the epithelial permeability in IC/BPS cells. CONCLUSION The Cdk1/p53/p21 feedback loop was instrumental in IC/BPS, acting as a regulator of urothelial permeability. This discovery offered a novel therapeutic approach for IC/BPS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Surgical Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Surgical Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Surgical Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Xue
- Department of Surgical Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaozhou He
- Department of Surgical Urology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Antov GG, Gospodinova ZI, Novakovic M, Tesevic V, Krasteva NA, Pavlov DV, Valcheva-Kuzmanova SV. Molecular mechanisms of the anticancer action of fustin isolated from Cotinus coggygria Scop. in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cell line. Z NATURFORSCH C 2024:znc-2024-0140. [PMID: 39331583 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2024-0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present work was to investigate some of the molecular mechanisms and targets of the anticancer action of the bioflavonoid fustin isolated from the heartwood of Cotinus coggygria Scop. in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. For this purpose, we applied fluorescence microscopy analysis to evaluate apoptosis, necrosis, and mitochondrial integrity, wound healing assay to study fustin antimigratory potential and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to analyze the expression of genes associated with cell cycle control, programmed cell death, metastasis, and epigenetic alterations. A complex network-based bioinformatic analysis was also employed for protein-protein network construction, hub genes identification, and functional enrichment. The results revealed a significant induction of early and late apoptotic and necrotic events, a slight alteration of the mitochondria-related fluorescence, and marked antimotility effect after fustin treatment. Of 34 analyzed genes, seven fustin targets were identified, of which CDKN1A, ATM, and MYC were significantly enriched in pathways such as cell cycle, intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage and generic transcription pathway. Our findings outline some molecular mechanisms of the anticancer action of fustin pointing it out as a potential oncotherapeutic agent and provide directions for future in vivo research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgi G Antov
- Laboratory of Genome Dynamics and Stability, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Zlatina I Gospodinova
- Laboratory of Genome Dynamics and Stability, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miroslav Novakovic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Belgrade - Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vele Tesevic
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natalia A Krasteva
- Department of Electroinduced and Adhesive Properties, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Danail V Pavlov
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine and Nutrigenomics with Laboratory of Nutrigenomics, Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
| | - Stefka V Valcheva-Kuzmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University "Prof. Dr. Paraskev Stoyanov", Varna, Bulgaria
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Yan J, Chen S, Yi Z, Zhao R, Zhu J, Ding S, Wu J. The role of p21 in cellular senescence and aging-related diseases. Mol Cells 2024:100113. [PMID: 39304134 DOI: 10.1016/j.mocell.2024.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
During the aging process or disease progression, normal cells and tissues in the body undergo various stresses, leading to cell damage and the need for repair, adaptation, apoptosis, or defense responses. Cellular senescence is a key player in this process, influencing the rate of aging and disease progression. It can be triggered by different stress factors, resulting in irreversible cell cycle arrest and functional decline. Senescent cells often show high expression of cell cycle factors like p21 and p16, which are involved in cell cycle arrest. p16 has long been recognized as a significant marker of aging. Recent evidence suggests that p21high cells and p16high cells represent distinct cell populations in terms of cell type, tissue location, accumulation kinetics, and physiological functions. This article focuses on recent advancements in understanding p21-dependent cellular senescence. It starts by providing an overview of the role of p21 in three primary cellular senescence phenotypes where it plays a crucial role. It then delves into the pathogenesis of diseases closely linked to p21-dependent cellular senescence, particularly metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The article also discusses progress in p21-related animal models and outlines strategies for utilizing p21 to intervene in cellular senescence by delaying aging, eliminating senescent cells, and rejuvenating senescent cells. This review systematically examines the pathogenesis of p21-dependent cellular senescence, emphasizing its importance in studying aging heterogeneity and developing new senolytic therapies. It aims to stimulate future research on leveraging p21 to enhance the characteristics of senescent cells, allowing more precise methods for eliminating harmful senescent cells at the right time, thereby delaying aging and potentially achieving rejuvenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Yan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyi Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zimei Yi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruowen Zhao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayu Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwen Ding
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhua Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration & Research Institute of Stomatology & Stomatological Hospital and Dental School, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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Zhang C, Wang S, Lu X, Zhong W, Tang Y, Huang W, Wu F, Wang X, Wei W, Tang H. POP1 Facilitates Proliferation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer via m6A-Dependent Degradation of CDKN1A mRNA. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0472. [PMID: 39268503 PMCID: PMC11391272 DOI: 10.34133/research.0472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is currently the worst prognostic subtype of breast cancer, and there is no effective treatment other than chemotherapy. Processing of precursors 1 (POP1) is the most substantially up-regulated RNA-binding protein (RBP) in TNBC. However, the role of POP1 in TNBC remains clarified. A series of molecular biological experiments in vitro and in vivo and clinical correlation analyses were conducted to clarify the biological function and regulatory mechanism of POP1 in TNBC. Here, we identified that POP1 is significantly up-regulated in TNBC and associated with poor prognosis. We further demonstrate that POP1 promotes the cell cycle and proliferation of TNBC in vitro and vivo. Mechanistically, POP1 directly binds to the coding sequence (CDS) region of CDKN1A mRNA and degrades it. The degradation process depends on the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification at the 497th site of CDKN1A and the recognition of this modification by YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2). Moreover, the m6A inhibitor STM2457 potently impaired the proliferation of POP1-overexpressed TNBC cells and improved the sensitivity to paclitaxel. In summary, our findings reveal the pivotal role of POP1 in promoting TNBC proliferation by degrading the mRNA of CDKN1A and that inhibition of m6A with STM2457 is a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sifen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuqing Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, ZhongShan, China
| | - Wenjing Zhong
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (BKV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yunyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Kangda Vocational Technical College, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Weiling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengjia Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010020, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Weidong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Yang J, Yang X, Guo T, Wang L, Zhao Z, Hu Z, Li Y. Can thymosin beta 10 function both as a non-invasive biomarker and chemotherapeutic target in human colorectal cancer? Transl Oncol 2024; 46:102026. [PMID: 38850800 PMCID: PMC11214320 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.102026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Thymosin beta 10 (TMSB10) overexpression is a general characteristic in human carcinogenesis. It is involved in the malignant process of generating multiple cancers. However, there are only a few reports about TMSB10 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the mechanism of its carcinogenetic effect is still poorly understood. The present study intends to clarify the biological roles and carcinogenic mechanism of TMSB10 in CRC and to explore the possibility whether TMSB10 might be useful as a non-invasive serum tumor biomarker in detecting CRC. Immunohistochemical results showed that TMSB10 protein expression in CRC tissues was generally higher than that in adjacent tissues, and the TMSB10 contents in serum of CRC patients was significantly elevated compared to that of healthy controls. Knockdown-TMSB10 increased apoptosis and induced S-cell cycle arrest, and finally inhibited cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Transcriptome sequencing and western blotting analysis revealed that knockdown-TMSB10 increased phosphorylation of p38 and activated the p38 pathway that blocked cell cycle and promoted apoptosis. Taken together, our study indicated that TMSB10 could serve as a minimally invasive serum tumor marker in detecting CRC. At the same time it demonstrates an effective regulatory capacity of TMSB10 on cell proliferation of CRC, suggesting that TMSB10 and downstream effector molecules regulated by TMSB10 could further be applied as an appealing target in clinical post-surgery chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China; Lvliang Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Lvliang, Shanxi, PR China.
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Lingxiao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Zhenxiang Zhao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yaoping Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China.
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Fang C, Zhu S, Zhong R, Yu G, Lu S, Liu Z, Gao J, Yan C, Wang Y, Feng X. CDKN1A regulation on chondrogenic differentiation of human chondrocytes in osteoarthritis through single-cell and bulk sequencing analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27466. [PMID: 38463824 PMCID: PMC10923839 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Chondrocyte death is the hallmark of cartilage degeneration during osteoarthritis (OA). However, the specific pathogenesis of cell death in OA chondrocytes has not been elucidated. This study aims to validate the role of CDKN1A, a key programmed cell death (PCD)-related gene, in chondrogenic differentiation using a combination of single-cell and bulk sequencing approaches. Design OA-related RNA-seq data (GSE114007, GSE55235, GSE152805) were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database. PCD-related genes were obtained from GeneCards database. RNA-seq was performed to annotate the cell types in OA and control samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) among those cell types (scRNA-DEGs) were screened. A nomogram of OA was constructed based on the featured genes, and potential drugs targeting the featured genes were predicted. The presence of key genes was confirmed using Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Micromass culture and Alcian blue staining were used to determine the effect of CDKN1A on chondrogenesis. Results Six cell types, namely HomC, HTC, RepC, preFC, FC, and RegC, were annotated in scRNA-seq data. Five featured genes (JUN, CDKN1A, HMGB2, DDIT3, and DDIT4) were screened by multiple biological information analysis methods. TAXOTERE had the highest ability to dock with DDIT3. Functional analysis indicated that CDKN1A was enriched in processes related to collagen catabolism and acts as a positive regulator of autophagy. Additionally, CDKN1A was found to be associated with several KEGG pathways, including those involved in acute myeloid leukemia and autoimmune thyroid disease. CDKN1A was confirmed down-regulated in the joint tissues of OA mouse model and OA model cell. Inhibiting the expression of CDKN1A can significantly suppress the differentiation of OA chondrocytes. Conclusion Our findings highlight the critical role of CDKN1A in promoting cartilage formation in both in vivo and in vitro and suggest its potential as a therapeutic target for OA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Shanbang Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, No 305 Zhongshandonglu Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Gang Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Jingyu Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Chengyuan Yan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Yingming Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Xinzhe Feng
- Department of Joint Bone Disease Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Feng Y, An Q, Zhao Z, Wu M, Yang C, Liang W, Xu X, Jiang T, Zhang G. Beta-elemene: A phytochemical with promise as a drug candidate for tumor therapy and adjuvant tumor therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116266. [PMID: 38350368 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Elemene (IUPAC name: (1 S,2 S,4 R)-1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(prop-1-en-2-yl) cyclohexane), is a natural compound found in turmeric root. Studies have demonstrated its diverse biological functions, including its anti-tumor properties, which have been extensively investigated. However, these have not yet been reviewed. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive summary of β-elemene research, with respect to disease treatment. METHODS β-Elemene-related articles were found in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases to systematically summarize its structure, pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and pharmacological activity. We also searched the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database for therapeutic targets of β-elemene. We further combined these targets with the relevant literature for KEGG and GO analyses. RESULTS Studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying β-elemene activity indicate that it regulates multiple pathways, including STAT3, MAPKs, Cyclin-dependent kinase 1/cyclin B, Notch, PI3K/AKT, reactive oxygen species, METTL3, PTEN, p53, FAK, MMP, TGF-β/Smad signaling. Through these molecular pathways, β-elemene has been implicated in tumor cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion and improving the immune microenvironment. Additionally, β-elemene increases chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity and reverses resistance by inhibiting DNA damage repair and regulating pathways including CTR1, pak1, ERK1/2, ABC transporter protein, Prx-1 and ERCC-1. Nonetheless, owing to its lipophilicity and low bioavailability, additional structural modifications could improve the efficacy of this drug. CONCLUSION β-Elemene exhibits low toxicity with good safety, inhibiting various tumor types via diverse mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. When combined with chemotherapeutic drugs, it enhances efficacy, reduces toxicity, and improves tumor killing. Thus, β-elemene has vast potential for research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yewen Feng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Qingwen An
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Zhengqi Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Mengting Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chuqi Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - WeiYu Liang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Xuefei Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Guangji Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang 310053, China; Key Laboratory of Blood-stasis-toxin Syndrome of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang 310053, China; Traditional Chinese Medicine "Preventing Disease" Wisdom Health Project Research Center of Zhejiang, Zhejiang 310053, China.
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Ooi LC, Ho V, Zhu JZ, Lim S, Chung L, Abubakar A, Rutland T, Chua W, Ng W, Lee M, Morgan M, MacKenzie S, Lee CS. p21 as a Predictor and Prognostic Indicator of Clinical Outcome in Rectal Cancer Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:725. [PMID: 38255799 PMCID: PMC10815780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle plays a key and complex role in the development of human cancers. p21 is a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) involved in the promotion of cell cycle arrest and the regulation of cellular senescence. Altered p21 expression in rectal cancer cells may affect tumor cells' behavior and resistance to neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy. Our study aimed to ascertain the relationship between the differential expression of p21 in rectal cancer and patient survival outcomes. Using tissue microarrays, 266 rectal cancer specimens were immunohistochemically stained for p21. The expression patterns were scored separately in cancer cells retrieved from the center and the periphery of the tumor; compared with clinicopathological data, tumor regression grade (TRG), disease-free, and overall survival. Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells was significantly associated with longer overall survival upon the univariate (p = 0.001) and multivariable analysis (p = 0.003, HR = 2.068). Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells was also associated with longer disease-free survival in the multivariable analysis (p = 0.040, HR = 1.769). Longer overall survival times also correlated with lower tumor grades (p= 0.011), the absence of vascular and perineural invasion (p = 0.001; p < 0.005), the absence of metastases (p < 0.005), and adjuvant treatment (p = 0.009). p21 expression is a potential predictive and prognostic biomarker for clinical outcomes in rectal cancer patients. Negative p21 expression in tumor periphery cells demonstrated significant association with longer overall survival and disease-free survival. Larger prospective studies are warranted to investigate the ability of p21 to identify rectal cancer patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ching Ooi
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (L.C.O.); (J.Z.Z.); (T.R.); (C.S.L.)
| | - Vincent Ho
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Jing Zhou Zhu
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (L.C.O.); (J.Z.Z.); (T.R.); (C.S.L.)
| | - Stephanie Lim
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centre, Campbelltown Hospital, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Liping Chung
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Askar Abubakar
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Tristan Rutland
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (L.C.O.); (J.Z.Z.); (T.R.); (C.S.L.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
| | - Wei Chua
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Discipline of Medical Oncology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Weng Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Mark Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Matthew Morgan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Scott MacKenzie
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Cheok Soon Lee
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia; (L.C.O.); (J.Z.Z.); (T.R.); (C.S.L.)
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia; (L.C.); (A.A.); (W.C.); (S.M.)
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia
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Choleva L, Wang P, Liu H, Wood O, Lambertini L, Scott DK, Karakose E, Stewart AF. Structure-Function Analysis of p57KIP2 in the Human Pancreatic Beta Cell Reveals a Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal. Endocrinology 2023; 165:bqad197. [PMID: 38151968 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in CDKN1C, encoding p57KIP2, a canonical cell cycle inhibitor, underlie multiple pediatric endocrine syndromes. Despite this central role in disease, little is known about the structure and function of p57KIP2 in the human pancreatic beta cell. Since p57KIP2 is predominantly nuclear in human beta cells, we hypothesized that disease-causing mutations in its nuclear localization sequence (NLS) may correlate with abnormal phenotypes. We prepared RIP1 insulin promoter-driven adenoviruses encoding deletions of multiple disease-associated but unexplored regions of p57KIP2 and performed a comprehensive structure-function analysis of CDKN1C/p57KIP2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses confirmed p57KIP2 overexpression, construct size, and beta cell specificity. By immunocytochemistry, wild-type (WT) p57KIP2 displayed nuclear localization. In contrast, deletion of a putative NLS at amino acids 278-281 failed to access the nucleus. Unexpectedly, we identified a second downstream NLS at amino acids 312-316. Further analysis showed that each individual NLS is required for nuclear localization, but neither alone is sufficient. In summary, p57KIP2 contains a classical bipartite NLS characterized by 2 clusters of positively charged amino acids separated by a proline-rich linker region. Variants in the sequences encoding these 2 NLS sequences account for functional p57KIP2 loss and beta cell expansion seen in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauryn Choleva
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Olivia Wood
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Donald K Scott
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Esra Karakose
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Andrew F Stewart
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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10
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Wang Q, Zhao M, Zhang T, Zhang B, Zheng Z, Lin Z, Zhou S, Zheng D, Chen Z, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Lin X, Dong R, Chen J, Qian H, Hu X, Zhuang Y, Zhang Q, Jiang S, Ma Y. Comprehensive analysis of ferroptosis-related genes in immune infiltration and prognosis in multiple myeloma. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1203125. [PMID: 37608887 PMCID: PMC10440437 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1203125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: One particular type of cellular death that is known as ferroptosis is caused by the excessive lipid peroxidation. It is a regulated form of cell death that can affect the response of the tumor cells. Currently, it is not known if the presence of this condition can affect the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Methods: In this study, we studied the expression differences and prognostic value of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in MM, and established a ferroptosis risk scoring model. In order to improve the prediction accuracy and clinical applicability, a nomogram was also established. Through gene enrichment analysis, pathways closely related to high-risk groups were identified. We then explored the differences in risk stratification in drug sensitivity and immune patterns, and evaluated their value in prognostic prediction and treatment response. Lastly, we gathered MM cell lines and samples from patients to confirm the expression of marker FRGs using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results: The ability to predict the survival of MM patients is a challenging issue. Through the use of a risk model derived from ferroptosis, we were able to develop a more accurate prediction of the disease's prognosis. They were then validated by a statistical analysis, which showed that the model is an independent factor in the prognosis of MM. Patients of high ferroptosis risk scores had a much worse chance of survival than those in the low-risk groups. The calibration and power of the nomogram were also strong. We noted that the link between the ferroptosis risk score and the clinical treatment was suggested by the FRG's significant correlation with the immune checkpoint genes and the medication sensitivity. We validated the predictive model using qRT-PCR. Conclusion: We demonstrated the association between FRGs and MM, and developed a new risk model for prognosis in MM patients. Our study sheds light on the potential clinical relevance of ferroptosis in MM and highlights its potential as a therapeutic target for patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanqiang Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Misheng Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bingxin Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziwei Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhili Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shujuan Zhou
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixing Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Sisi Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuanru Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rujiao Dong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Honglan Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songfu Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongyong Ma
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Intelligent Treatment and Life Support for Critical Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Hospital Emergency and Process Digitization, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Xiang Y, Yang Y, Liu J, Yang X. Functional role of MicroRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in osteosarcoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1219211. [PMID: 37404761 PMCID: PMC10315918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1219211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor that occurs in children and adolescents, and the PI3K/AKT pathway is overactivated in most OS patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are highly conserved endogenous non-protein-coding RNAs that can regulate gene expression by repressing mRNA translation or degrading mRNA. MiRNAs are enriched in the PI3K/AKT pathway, and aberrant PI3K/AKT pathway activation is involved in the development of osteosarcoma. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs can regulate the biological functions of cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT pathway. MiRNA/PI3K/AKT axis can regulate the expression of osteosarcoma-related genes and then regulate cancer progression. MiRNA expression associated with PI3K/AKT pathway is also clearly associated with many clinical features. In addition, PI3K/AKT pathway-associated miRNAs are potential biomarkers for osteosarcoma diagnosis, treatment and prognostic assessment. This article reviews recent research advances on the role and clinical application of PI3K/AKT pathway and miRNA/PI3K/AKT axis in the development of osteosarcoma.
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12
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Lao QF, Zhang QQ, Qiao ZP, Li SL, Liu L, Martin FL, Pang WY. Whole transcriptome sequencing and competitive endogenous RNA regulation network construction analysis in benzo[a]pyrene-treated breast cancer cells. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 861:160564. [PMID: 36455743 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women worldwide, and environmental pollutants are considered to be risk factors. Currently, most studies into benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced breast cancer focus on biological effects such as proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, DNA damage, estrogen receptor (ER)-related molecular mechanisms, oxidative damage, and other metabolic pathways. This study aims to provide insights into the role of B[a]P in breast cancer development through RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis and construction of a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network. By analyzing RNA-seq results, we identified 144 differentially-expressed circRNAs, 69 differentially-expressed lncRNAs, 20 differentially-expressed miRNAs, and 212 differentially-expressed mRNAs. Following on, we analyzed the gene ontology (GO) and KEGG enrichment functions of the differentially-expressed RNAs. In addition, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was mapped for differentially-expressed mRNAs. Subsequently, we constructed ceRNA networks, one of which consisted of 45 dysregulated circRNAs, 11 miRNAs, and 9 mRNAs, and a second consisted of 40 lncRNAs, 11 miRNAs, and 9 mRNAs. Finally, 6 circRNAs, 4 lncRNAs, 1 miRNA, and 4 mRNAs were randomly selected for quantitative real-time PCR verification. PCR results were further verified by Western blotting assays. These results show that the expression level of differentially-expressed RNA was consistent with the sequencing data, and the Western blotting results were highly consistent with the PCR results, confirming that the sequencing result was very reliable. This study systematically explores the ceRNA atlas of differentially-expressed genes related to B[a]P exposure in breast cancer cells, providing new insights into mechanisms of environmental pollutants in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Feng Lao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Qing-Quan Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Zi-Peng Qiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Sheng-le Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Liu Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China
| | - Francis L Martin
- Biocel UK Ltd, Hull HU10 6TS, UK; Department of Cellular Pathology, Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Whinney Heys Road, Blackpool FY3 8NR, UK
| | - Wei-Yi Pang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Heath, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China; School of Humanities and Management, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi, China.
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13
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Pentacyclic Triterpenoids-Based Ionic Compounds: Synthesis, Study of Structure-Antitumor Activity Relationship, Effects on Mitochondria and Activation of Signaling Pathways of Proliferation, Genome Reparation and Early Apoptosis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030756. [PMID: 36765714 PMCID: PMC9913425 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present research paper details the synthesis of novel ionic compounds based on triterpene acids (betulinic, oleanolic and ursolic), with these acids acting both as anions and connected through a spacer with various nitrogen-containing compounds (pyridine, piperidine, morpholine, pyrrolidine, triethylamine and dimethylethanolamine) and acting as a cation. Based on the latter, a large number of ionic compounds with various counterions (BF4-, SbF6-, PF6-, CH3COO-, C6H5SO3-, m-C6H4(OH)COO- and CH3CH(OH)COO-) have been synthesized. We studied the cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds on the example of various tumor (Jurkat, K562, U937, HL60, A2780) and conditionally normal (HEK293) cell lines. IC50 was determined, and the influence of the structure and nature of the anion and cation on the antitumor activity was specified. Intracellular signaling, apoptosis induction and effects of the most active ionic compounds on the cell cycle and mitochondria have been discussed by applying modern methods of multiparametric enzyme immunoassay and flow cytometry.
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14
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Shin HE, Lee S, Choi Y, Park S, Kwon S, Choi JK, Seo SY, Lee Y. Synthetic Homoisoflavane Derivatives of Cremastranone Suppress Growth of Colorectal Cancer Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest and Induction of Apoptosis. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2022; 30:576-584. [PMID: 35934668 PMCID: PMC9622311 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2022.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is diagnosed as the third most prevalent cancer; thus, effective therapeutic agents are urgently required. In this study, we synthesized six homoisoflavane derivatives of cremastranone and investigated their cytotoxic effects on the human colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116 and LoVo. We further examined the related mechanisms of action using two of the potent compounds, SH-19027 and SHA-035. They substantially reduced the cell viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with SH-19027 and SHA-035 induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and increased expression of p21 both of which are implicated in cell cycle control. In addition, the apoptotic cell population and apoptosis-associated marker expression were accordingly increased. These results suggest that the synthesized cremastranone derivatives have anticancer effects through the suppression of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Therefore, the synthesized cremastranone derivatives could be applied as novel therapeutic agents against colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Eun Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeram Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangkyu Park
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Choi
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Yong Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Younghee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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15
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Sorteberg AL, Halipi V, Wickström M, Shirazi Fard S. The cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1/Waf1 is a therapeutic target in high-risk neuroblastoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:906194. [PMID: 36147919 PMCID: PMC9486206 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.906194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapies such as cisplatin are used as first-line treatment for the paediatric tumour neuroblastoma. Although the majority of neuroblastoma tumours respond to therapy, there is a high fraction of high-risk neuroblastoma patients that eventually relapse with increased resistance. Here, we show that one key determinant of cisplatin sensitivity is phosphorylation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21Cip1/Waf1. A panel of eight neuroblastoma cell lines and a TH-MYCN mouse model were investigated for the expression of p21Cip1/Waf1 using RT-qPCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence. This was followed by investigation of sensitivity towards cisplatin and the p21Cip1/Waf1 inhibitor UC2288. Whereas the cell lines and the mouse model showed low levels of un-phosphorylated p21Cip1/Waf1, the phosphorylated p21Cip1/Waf1 (Thr145) was highly expressed, which in the cell lines correlated to cisplatin resistance. Furthermore, the neuroblastoma cell lines showed high sensitivity to UC2288, and combination treatment with cisplatin resulted in considerably decreased cell viability and delay in regrowth in the two most resistant cell lines, SK-N-DZ and BE(2)-C. Thus, targeting p21Cip1/Waf1 can offer new treatment strategies and subsequently lead to the design of more efficient combination treatments for high-risk neuroblastoma.
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16
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Yang EJ, Park JH, Cho HJ, Hwang JA, Woo SH, Park CH, Kim SY, Park JT, Park SC, Hwang D, Lee YS. Co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK synergistically improves cell proliferation in replicative senescence by activating FOXM1 and E2F1. Commun Biol 2022; 5:702. [PMID: 35835838 PMCID: PMC9283421 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03658-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifaceted nature of senescent cell cycle arrest necessitates the targeting of multiple factors arresting or promoting the cell cycle. We report that co-inhibition of ATM and ROCK by KU-60019 and Y-27632, respectively, synergistically increases the proliferation of human diploid fibroblasts undergoing replicative senescence through activation of the transcription factors E2F1 and FOXM1. Time-course transcriptome analysis identified FOXM1 and E2F1 as crucial factors promoting proliferation. Co-inhibition of the kinases ATM and ROCK first promotes the G2/M transition via FOXM1 activation, leading to accumulation of cells undergoing the G1/S transition via E2F1 activation. The combination of both inhibitors increased this effect more significantly than either inhibitor alone, suggesting synergism. Our results demonstrate a FOXM1- and E2F1-mediated molecular pathway enhancing cell cycle progression in cells with proliferative potential under replicative senescence conditions, and treatment with the inhibitors can be tested for senomorphic effect in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jae Yang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hwan Park
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Cho
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Hwang
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hwa Woo
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hyun Park
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, 05029, Korea
| | - Joon Tae Park
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Park
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- The Future Life & Society Research Center, Advanced Institute of Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- Well Aging Research Center, Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
- New Biology Research Center, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Qin X, Chen X, Guo L, Liu J, Yang Y, Zeng Y, Li C, Liu W, Ma W. Hinokiflavone induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and autophagy in chronic myeloid leukemia cells through MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:100. [PMID: 35387632 PMCID: PMC8988348 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative tumor originating from hematopoietic stem cells, and resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has become a major cause of treatment failure. Alternative drug therapy is one of the important ways to overcome TKI resistance. Hinokiflavone (HF) is a C-O-C type biflavonoid with low toxicity and antitumor activity. This study investigated the antitumor effect and possible mechanisms of HF in CML cells. Methods Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to assess protein expression levels. Results Our results showed that HF significantly inhibited the viability of K562 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and induced G2/M phase arrest by up-regulating p21 and down-regulating Cdc2 protein. Furthermore, HF induced caspase-dependent apoptosis by activating JNK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway and inhibiting NF-κB activity. In addition, HF induced autophagy by increasing LC3-II expression and p62 degradation. Pretreatment with CQ, a late autophagy inhibitor, significantly increased the levels of LC3-II and p62 proteins and promoted cell survival. Conclusion HF shows a good anti-leukemia effect and is expected to become a potential therapeutic drug for CML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-022-03580-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - You Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.,Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Children Hematological Oncology and Birth Defects Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Birth Defects, No. 25, Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou, 646000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, 999078, Macau, China.
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18
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Xu W, Watanabe K, Mizukami Y, Yamamoto Y, Suzuki T. Hydrogen sulfide suppresses the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through cell cycle arrest. Arch Biochem Biophys 2021; 712:109044. [PMID: 34597656 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely related to the changes in the intestinal microbiota and integrity. Our previous studies have shown the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing bacterial family, Desulfovibrionacea, in the colon of a murine model of CKD, suggesting that the increased H2S contributes to the impaired intestinal integrity in CKD. Here, we investigated the anti-proliferative effect of H2S in the intestinal epithelial cells. A slow- H2S releasing molecule GYY4137 ((p-methoxyphenyl)morpholino-phosphinodithioic acid) reduced the proliferation of Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that GYY4137 accumulated Caco-2 cells in the S phase fraction, suggesting that H2S arrested the cell cycle at G2 and/or M phases. The RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that GYY4137 modulated the mRNA expression of the genes involved in the G2/M and the spindle assembly checkpoints; increased mRNA levels of Cdkn1a, Gadd45a, and Sfn and decreased mRNA levels of Cdc20, Pttg1, and Ccnb1 were observed. These alterations were confirmed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses. Besides, studies exploring the MEK inhibitor indicated that MEK activation is involved in the GYY4137-mediated increase in the Sfn expression. Altogether, our data showed that H2S reduced the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells through transcriptional regulation in G2/M and the spindle assembly checkpoints. This may be one of the underlying mechanisms for the observed impaired intestinal integrity in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Xu
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Institute of Gene Research, Yamaguchi University Science Research Center, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoichi Mizukami
- Institute of Gene Research, Yamaguchi University Science Research Center, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Takuya Suzuki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University. 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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19
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Acharya S, Chatterjee S, Chaudhuri S, Singh MK, Bhattacharya D, Bhattacharjee M, Ghosh A, Chaudhuri S. Akt Phosphorylation Orchestrates T11TS Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest in Glioma Cells. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:854-870. [PMID: 34569407 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1986060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The novel anti-neoplastic glycopeptide T11TS retards glioma both in in-vitro clinical samples and in-vivo models. This study investigates the correlation between altering the glioma microenvironment with glioma arrest and death. Flow cytometry, immunoblotting, ELISA, and co-immunoprecipitation were employed to investigate glioma cell arrest and death. Results include a decline in phosphorylation of Akt and attenuation of p21 phosphorylation (Thr145,Ser146) and disassociation of p-Akt-Mdm2 and p-Akt-BAD facilitating death by Akt>BAD. T11TS influence phosphorylation patterns in two focal axes Akt>p21 and Akt>Mdm2>p53. The current article provides crucial insight in deciphering the mechanism of T11TS induced glioma cell arrest and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Acharya
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Paschim Medinipur, Midnapore, India
| | | | | | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India
| | - Debanjan Bhattacharya
- Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Anirban Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Netaji Subhas Open University, Kolkata, India
| | - Swapna Chaudhuri
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata, India.,Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
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20
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Functional Analysis of p21 Cip1/CDKN1A and Its Family Members in Trophoblastic Cells of the Placenta and Its Roles in Preeclampsia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092214. [PMID: 34571867 PMCID: PMC8465116 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE), a gestational hypertensive disease originating from the placenta, is characterized by an imbalance of various cellular processes. The cell cycle regulator p21Cip1/CDKN1A (p21) and its family members p27 and p57 regulate signaling pathways fundamental to placental development. The aim of the present study was to enlighten the individual roles of these cell cycle regulators in placental development and their molecular involvement in the pathogenesis of PE. The expression and localization of p21, phospho-p21 (Thr-145), p27, and p57 was immunohistochemically analyzed in placental tissues from patients with early-onset PE, early-onset PE complicated by the HELLP (hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count) syndrome as well as late-onset PE compared to their corresponding control tissues from well-matched women undergoing caesarean sections. The gene level was evaluated using real-time quantitative PCR. We demonstrate that the delivery mode strongly influenced placental gene expression, especially for CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN1B (p27), which were significantly upregulated in response to labor. Cell cycle regulators were highly expressed in first trimester placentas and impacted by hypoxic conditions. In support of these observations, p21 protein was abundant in trophoblast organoids and hypoxia reduced its gene expression. Microarray analysis of the trophoblastic BeWo cell line depleted of p21 revealed various interesting candidate genes and signaling pathways for the fusion process. The level of p21 was reduced in fusing cytotrophoblasts in early-onset PE placentas and depletion of p21 led to reduced expression of fusion-related genes such as syncytin-2 and human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), which adversely affected the fusion capability of trophoblastic cells. These data highlight that cell cycle regulators are important for the development of the placenta. Interfering with p21 influences multiple pathways related to the pathogenesis of PE.
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Hu L, Pan X, Hu J, Zeng H, Liu X, Jiang M, Jiang B. Proteasome inhibitors decrease paclitaxel‑induced cell death in nasopharyngeal carcinoma with the accumulation of CDK1/cyclin B1. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:193. [PMID: 34435645 PMCID: PMC8416144 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.5026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Southeast Asia is a region with high incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Paclitaxel is the mainstay for the treatment of advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. The present study investigated the effect of proteasome inhibitors on the therapeutic effect of paclitaxel and its related mechanism. The present data from Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry assays demonstrated that appropriate concentrations of proteasome inhibitors (30 nM PS341 or 700 nM MG132) reduced the lethal effect of paclitaxel on the nasopharyngeal cancer cells. While 400 nM paclitaxel effectively inhibited cell division and induced cell death, proteasome inhibitors (PS341 30 nM or MG132 700 nM) could reverse these effects. Additionally, the western blotting results demonstrated accumulation of cell cycle regulation protein CDK1 and cyclin B1 in proteasome inhibitor-treated cells. In addition, proteasome inhibitors combined with paclitaxel led to decreased MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member/Caspase-9/poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase apoptosis signaling triggered by CDK1/cyclin B1. Therefore, dysfunction of CDK1/cyclin B1 could be defining the loss of paclitaxel lethality against cancer cells, a phenomenon affirmed by the CDK1 inhibitor Ro3306. Overall, the present results demonstrated that a combination of paclitaxel with proteasome inhibitors or CDK1 inhibitors is antagonistic to effective clinical management of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Hu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Xi Pan
- Department of Oncology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jinyue Hu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Foshan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, P.R. China
| | - Xueting Liu
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Manli Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
| | - Binyuan Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410004, P.R. China
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22
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Chang MC, Wang TM, Chien HH, Pan YH, Tsai YL, Jeng PY, Lin LD, Jeng JH. Effect of butyrate, a bacterial by-product, on the viability and ICAM-1 expression/production of human vascular endothelial cells: Role in infectious pulpal/periapical diseases. Int Endod J 2021; 55:38-53. [PMID: 34420220 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of butyric acid (BA), a metabolic product generated by pulp and root canal pathogens, on the viability and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) production of endothelial cells, which are crucial to angiogenesis and pulpal/periapical wound healing. METHODOLOGY Endothelial cells were exposed to butyrate with/without inhibitors. Cell viability, apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated using an MTT assay, PI/annexin V and DCF fluorescence flow cytometry respectively. RNA and protein expression was determined using a polymerase chain reaction assay and Western blotting or immunofluorescent staining. Soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The quantitative results were expressed as mean ± standard error (SE) of the mean. The data were analysed using a paired Student's t-test where necessary. A p-value ≤0.05 was considered to indicate a statistically significant difference between groups. RESULTS Butyrate (>4 mM) inhibited cell viability and induced cellular apoptosis and necrosis. It inhibited cyclin B1 but stimulated p21 and p27 expression. Butyrate stimulated ROS production and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression as well as activated the Ac-H3, p-ATM, p-ATR, p-Chk1, p-Chk2, p-p38 and p-Akt expression of endothelial cells. Butyrate stimulated ICAM-1 mRNA/protein expression and significant sICAM-1 production (p < .05). Superoxide dismutase, 5z-7oxozeaenol, SB203580 and compound C (p < .05), but not ZnPP, CGK733, AZD7762 or LY294002, attenuated butyrate cytotoxicity to endothelial cells. Notably, little effect on butyrate-stimulated sICAM-1 secretion was found. Valproic acid, phenylbutyrate and trichostatin (three histone deacetylase inhibitors) significantly induced sICAM-1 production (p < .05). CONCLUSION Butyric acid inhibited proliferation, induced apoptosis, stimulated ROS and HO-1 production and increased ICAM-1 mRNA expression and protein synthesis in endothelial cells. Cell viability affected by BA was diminished by some inhibitors; however, the increased sICAM-1 secretion by BA was not affected by any of the tested inhibitors. These results facilitate understanding of the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of pulpal/periapical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Chi Chang
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan City, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tong-Mei Wang
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Hong Chien
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yu-Hwa Pan
- Department of Dentistry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Tsai
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Deh Lin
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiiang-Huei Jeng
- School of Dentistry & Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Medical College and National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
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23
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Czibik G, Mezdari Z, Murat Altintas D, Bréhat J, Pini M, d'Humières T, Delmont T, Radu C, Breau M, Liang H, Martel C, Abatan A, Sarwar R, Marion O, Naushad S, Zhang Y, Halfaoui M, Suffee N, Morin D, Adnot S, Hatem S, Yavari A, Sawaki D, Derumeaux G. Dysregulated Phenylalanine Catabolism Plays a Key Role in the Trajectory of Cardiac Aging. Circulation 2021; 144:559-574. [PMID: 34162223 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.054204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging myocardium undergoes progressive cardiac hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis with diastolic and systolic dysfunction. Recent metabolomics studies shed light on amino acids in aging. The present study aimed to dissect how aging leads to elevated plasma levels of the essential amino acid phenylalanine and how it may promote age-related cardiac dysfunction. METHODS We studied cardiac structure and function, together with phenylalanine catabolism in wild-type (WT) and p21-/- mice (male; 2-24 months), with the latter known to be protected from cellular senescence. To explore phenylalanine's effects on cellular senescence and ectopic phenylalanine catabolism, we treated cardiomyocytes (primary adult rat or human AC-16) with phenylalanine. To establish a role for phenylalanine in driving cardiac aging, WT male mice were treated twice a day with phenylalanine (200 mg/kg) for a month. We also treated aged WT mice with tetrahydrobiopterin (10 mg/kg), the essential cofactor for the phenylalanine-degrading enzyme PAH (phenylalanine hydroxylase), or restricted dietary phenylalanine intake. The impact of senescence on hepatic phenylalanine catabolism was explored in vitro in AML12 hepatocytes treated with Nutlin3a (a p53 activator), with or without p21-targeting small interfering RNA or tetrahydrobiopterin, with quantification of PAH and tyrosine levels. RESULTS Natural aging is associated with a progressive increase in plasma phenylalanine levels concomitant with cardiac dysfunction, whereas p21 deletion delayed these changes. Phenylalanine treatment induced premature cardiac deterioration in young WT mice, strikingly akin to that occurring with aging, while triggering cellular senescence, redox, and epigenetic changes. Pharmacological restoration of phenylalanine catabolism with tetrahydrobiopterin administration or dietary phenylalanine restriction abrogated the rise in plasma phenylalanine and reversed cardiac senescent alterations in aged WT mice. Observations from aged mice and human samples implicated age-related decline in hepatic phenylalanine catabolism as a key driver of elevated plasma phenylalanine levels and showed increased myocardial PAH-mediated phenylalanine catabolism, a novel signature of cardiac aging. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish a pathogenic role for increased phenylalanine levels in cardiac aging, linking plasma phenylalanine levels to cardiac senescence via dysregulated phenylalanine catabolism along a hepatic-cardiac axis. They highlight phenylalanine/PAH modulation as a potential therapeutic strategy for age-associated cardiac impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Czibik
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Zaineb Mezdari
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Dogus Murat Altintas
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Juliette Bréhat
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Maria Pini
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Thomas d'Humières
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Thaïs Delmont
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Costin Radu
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Cardiac Surgery (C.R.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Marielle Breau
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Hao Liang
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Cecile Martel
- Mitologics SAS (C.M.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Azania Abatan
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Rizwan Sarwar
- Experimental Therapeutics, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (R.S., A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ophélie Marion
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Suzain Naushad
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Maissa Halfaoui
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Nadine Suffee
- Sorbonne Universités, INSERM UMR_S1166, Faculté de Médecine UPMC, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
| | - Didier Morin
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Serge Adnot
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
| | - Stéphane Hatem
- Sorbonne Universités, INSERM UMR_S1166, Faculté de Médecine UPMC, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Paris, France (N.S., S.H.)
| | - Arash Yavari
- Experimental Therapeutics, Radcliffe Department of Medicine (R.S., A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics (A.Y.), University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Daigo Sawaki
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- INSERM (L'Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) U955 (G.C., Z.M., D.M.A., J.B., M.P., T.d'H., T.D., C.R., M.B., H.L., A.A., O.M., S.N., Y.Z., M.H., D.M., S.A., D.S., G.D.), Université Paris-Est Créteil, France
- Department of Physiology (G.C., T.d'H., S.A., G.D.), AP-HP, Henri Mondor Hospital, FHU-SENEC, Créteil, France
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24
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Myocardial Infarction-Associated Extracellular Vesicle-Delivered miR-208b Affects the Growth of Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells via Regulating CDKN1A. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9965639. [PMID: 34195287 PMCID: PMC8203352 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9965639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the effects of myocardial infarction- (MI-) associated extracellular vesicle- (EV-) delivered miR-208b on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). EVs were isolated and subsequently stained with PHK67. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the target of miR-208b. Afterwards, HUVECs were transfected with either MI-associated EVs or miR-208b mimics, and cell viability, migration, and apoptosis were subsequently measured. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to determine the expressions of the tested genes. NanoSight, transmission electron microscopy, and western blotting showed that EVs were successfully isolated. Among the potential microRNA biomarkers for MI, miR-208b was chosen for subsequent experiments. We found that MI-associated EVs could be taken up by HUVECs and confirmed that CDKN1A was a direct target of miR-208b. Additionally, miR-208b mimics and MI-associated EVs significantly inhibited the viability and migration of HUVECs (P < 0.05) and promoted cell apoptosis, as well as reduced S phase and increased G2/M phase cell distribution. RT-qPCR revealed that both miR-208b mimics and MI-associated EVs upregulated the expressions of CDKN1A, FAK, Raf-1, MAPK1, and Bax but downregulated the expression of Bcl2 and reduced the Bcl2/Bax ratio. Our study concludes that MI-associated EVs delivered miR-208b to HUVECs, and EV-delivered miR-208b could affect the growth of HUVECs by regulating the miR-208b/CDKN1A pathway; thus, miR-208b can be therefore served as important therapeutic targets for MI treatment.
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25
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Zhou Q, Yang H, Pan H, Pan H, Zhou J. Exosomes isolated from the miR-215-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells protect H 2O 2-induced rat myoblasts via the miR-215/FABP3 pathway. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 119:104608. [PMID: 33503452 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the potential effects of miR-215, with exosomes as carriers, against skeletal muscle injury. Exosomes were isolated from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) or rBMSCs overexpressing miR-215. Subsequently, rat myoblasts (L6) were treated with different exosomes and mimics, then exposed to H2O2. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined using the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Annexin V-FITC cell apoptosis assay kits, respectively. Reverse-transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to examine the expression of related genes. Transmission electron microscopy, Nanosight, and western blotting showed that the exosomes were successfully isolated. PKH67 staining revealed that both exosomes and miR-215-modified exosomes were taken up by L6 cells. FABP3 was found to be the target gene of miR-215 via a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. In the L6 cells treated with H2O2, cell viability was significantly inhibited, whereas apoptosis significantly increased (P < 0.05). Exosomes significantly enhanced the viability of H2O2-induced cells and inhibited their apoptosis (P < 0.05). In addition, RT-qPCR showed that in the H2O2-induced L6 cells, FABP3, CDKN1A, and TP53 were significantly upregulated, while CCNB1 was significantly downregulated (P < 0.05). However, their expression levels were significantly reversed after treatment with miR-215-modified exosomes (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the miR-215-modified exosomes may exert protective effects against skeletal muscle injury through the miR-215/FABP3 pathway and regulate the expression of CDKN1A, CCNB1, and TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Hongchang Yang
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China.
| | - Hongchi Pan
- Department of food and drug, college of material and chemical engineering, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China
| | - Hongyao Pan
- Physical Education Department, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of clinical medicine, Jiangsu Health Vocational College, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211800, China
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Kuang Y, Kang J, Li H, Liu B, Zhao X, Li L, Jin X, Li Q. Multiple functions of p21 in cancer radiotherapy. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2021; 147:987-1006. [PMID: 33547489 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03529-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greater than half of cancer patients experience radiation therapy, for both radical and palliative objectives. It is well known that researches on radiation response mechanisms are conducive to improve the efficacy of cancer radiotherapy. p21 was initially identified as a widespread inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases, transcriptionally modulated by p53 and a marker of cellular senescence. It was once considered that p21 acts as a tumour suppressor mainly to restrain cell cycle progression, thereby resulting in growth suppression. With the deepening researches on p21, p21 has been found to regulate radiation responses via participating in multiple cellular processes, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, DNA repair, senescence and autophagy. Hence, a comprehensive summary of the p21's functions in radiation response will provide a new perspective for radiotherapy against cancer. METHODS We summarize the recent pertinent literature from various electronic databases, including PubMed and analyzed several datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus database. This review discusses how p21 influences the effect of cancer radiotherapy via involving in multiple signaling pathways and expounds the feasibility, barrier and risks of using p21 as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic target of radiotherapy. CONCLUSION p21's complicated and important functions in cancer radiotherapy make it a promising therapeutic target. Besides, more thorough insights of p21 are needed to make it a safe therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbei Kuang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jian Kang
- College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Hongbin Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China
| | - Bingtao Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xueshan Zhao
- The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Linying Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaodong Jin
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 509 Nanchang Road, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Key Laboratory of Basic Research on Heavy Ion Radiation Application in Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Sun M, Tan J, Wang M, Wen W, He Y. Inorganic arsenic-mediated upregulation of AS3MT promotes proliferation of nonsmall cell lung cancer cells by regulating cell cycle genes. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:204-212. [PMID: 32930475 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Long-term arsenic exposure can promote cancer through epigenetic mechanisms, and arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) plays an important role in this process. However, the expression patterns and mechanisms of AS3MT in arsenic carcinogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we found that the AS3MT was overexpressed in arsenic exposed population, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues, and A549 cells with sodium arsenite (NaAsO2 ) treatment for 48 hours. Besides, the level of AS3MT expression was positively correlated with the concentrations of urinary total arsenic (tAs), inorganic arsenic (iAs), methanearsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in all subjects. Functional experiments demonstrated that siRNA-mediated knockdown of AS3MT significantly inhibited proliferation of A549 cells. Mechanism investigation revealed that silencing of AS3MT inhibited proliferation by increasing mRNA expression levels of p21 and E2F1, and inhibiting CDK1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, Cyclin A2, Cyclin E1, Cyclin E2, and PCNA mRNA expression. Therefore, arsenic increased AS3MT expression in vivo and in vitro, which could directly act on the cell and affect the progression of NSCLC by regulating cell cycle genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Sun
- School of Public Health, Dali University, Dali, China
| | - Jingwen Tan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Mengjie Wang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Weihua Wen
- Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming, China
| | - Yuefeng He
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Zhang ZH, Hong Q, Zhang ZC, Xing WY, Xu S, Tian QX, Ye QL, Wang H, Yu DX, Xie DD, Xu DX. ROS-mediated genotoxic stress is involved in NaAsO 2-induced cell cycle arrest, stemness enhancement and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells in a p53-independent manner. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111436. [PMID: 33039867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Several epidemiological studies reported that chronic arsenic exposure increased risk of prostate cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether chronic NaAsO2 exposure elevates stemness and chemoresistance in prostate cancer cells. DU145 (wild-type p53) and PC-3 (p53-null) cells were exposed to NaAsO2 (2 μmol/L) for 30 generations. IC50s to docetaxel and cisplatin were increased in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. The number of tumor spheres was elevated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. Nanog, SOX-2 and ALDH1A1, three markers of cancer stemness, were upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed PC-3 spheres. Moreover, NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells were arrested in G2/M phase. Histone H2AX phosphorylation on Ser139, an indicator for DNA double-strand break, was upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 and PC-3 cells. ATM phosphorylation on Ser1981, a key sensor of genotoxic stress, was rapidly elevated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 cells. Phosphor-p53, a downstream molecule of ATM signaling, and p21, a direct target of p53, were upregulated in NaAsO2-exposed DU145 cells. Unexpectedly, p21 was also elevated in NaAsO2-exposed p53-null PC-3 cells. Antioxidant NAC alleviated NaAsO2-induced ATM phosphorylation, cell cycle arrest, and subsequent stemness enhancement and chemoresistance in both DU145 and PC-3 cells. These results suggest that ROS-mediated genotoxic stress is involved in NaAsO2-induced cell cycle arrest, stemness enhancement and chemoresistance of prostate cancer cells in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qian Hong
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Wei-Yang Xing
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qi-Xing Tian
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qing-Lin Ye
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - De-Xin Yu
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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The Role of Cell Cycle Regulators in Cell Survival-Dual Functions of Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 20 and p21 Cip1/Waf1. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228504. [PMID: 33198081 PMCID: PMC7698114 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian cell cycle is important in controlling normal cell proliferation and the development of various diseases. Cell cycle checkpoints are well regulated by both activators and inhibitors to avoid cell growth disorder and cancerogenesis. Cyclin dependent kinase 20 (CDK20) and p21Cip1/Waf1 are widely recognized as key regulators of cell cycle checkpoints controlling cell proliferation/growth and involving in developing multiple cancers. Emerging evidence demonstrates that these two cell cycle regulators also play an essential role in promoting cell survival independent of the cell cycle, particularly in those cells with a limited capability of proliferation, such as cardiomyocytes. These findings bring new insights into understanding cytoprotection in these tissues. Here, we summarize the new progress of the studies on these two molecules in regulating cell cycle/growth, and their new roles in cell survival by inhibiting various cell death mechanisms. We also outline their potential implications in cancerogenesis and protection in heart diseases. This information renews the knowledge in molecular natures and cellular functions of these regulators, leading to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of the associated diseases and the discovery of new therapeutic strategies.
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30
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de Pedro I, Galán-Vidal J, Freije A, de Diego E, Gandarillas A. p21CIP1 controls the squamous differentiation response to replication stress. Oncogene 2020; 40:152-162. [PMID: 33097856 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The control of cell fate is critical to homeostasis and cancer. Cell cycle cdk inhibitor p21CIP1 has a central and paradoxical role in the regulatory crossroads leading to senescence, apoptosis, or differentiation. p21 is an essential target of tumor suppressor p53, but it also is regulated independently. In squamous self-renewal epithelia continuously exposed to mutagenesis, p21 controls cell fate by mechanisms still intriguing. We previously identified a novel epidermoid DNA damage-differentiation response. We here show that p21 intervenes in the mitosis block that is required for the squamous differentiation response to cell cycle deregulation and replication stress. The inactivation of endogenous p21 in human primary keratinocytes alleviated the differentiation response to oncogenic loss of p53 or overexpression of the DNA replication major regulator Cyclin E. The bypass of p21-induced mitotic block involving upregulation of Cyclin B allowed DNA damaged cells to escape differentiation and continue to proliferate. In addition, loss of p21 drove keratinocytes from differentiation to apoptosis upon moderate UV irradiation. The results show that p21 is required to drive keratinocytes towards differentiation in response to genomic stress and shed light into its dual and paradoxical role in carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel de Pedro
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Jesús Galán-Vidal
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Ana Freije
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain
| | - Ernesto de Diego
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain.,Paediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, 39008, Santander, Spain
| | - Alberto Gandarillas
- Cell Cycle, Stem Cell Fate and Cancer Laboratory, Institute for Research Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), 39011, Santander, Spain. .,INSERM, Languedoc-Roussillon, 34394, Montpellier, France.
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31
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Tsai JY, Rédei D, Hohmann J, Wu CC. 12-Deoxyphorbol Esters Induce Growth Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Lung Cancer A549 Cells Via Activation of PKC-δ/PKD/ERK Signaling Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7579. [PMID: 33066446 PMCID: PMC7589005 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostratin, a non-tumor promoting 12-deoxyphorbol ester, has been reported as a protein kinase C (PKC) activator and is shown to have anti-proliferative activity in certain cancer cell types. Here we show that GRC-2, a prostratin analogue isolated from Euphorbia grandicornis, is ten-fold more potent than prostratin for inhibiting the growth of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells. Flow cytometry assay revealed that GRC-2 and prostratin inhibited cell cycle progression at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. The cytotoxic effect of GRC-2 and prostratin was accompanied by activation and nuclear translocation of PKC-δ and PKD as well as hyperactivation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK). Knockdown of either PKC-δ, PKD or ERK significantly protected A549 cancer cells from GRC-2- and prostratin-induced growth arrest as well as apoptosis. Taken together, our results have shown that prostratin and a more potent analogue GRC-2 reduce cell viability in NSCLC A549 cells, at least in part, through activation of the PKC-δ/PKD/ERK pathway, suggesting the potential of prostratin and GRC-2 as anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Ying Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Dóra Rédei
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (D.R.); (J.H.)
| | - Chin-Chung Wu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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32
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Li Y, Guo L, Ying S, Feng GH, Zhang Y. Transcriptional repression of p21 by EIF1AX promotes the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12903. [PMID: 32926483 PMCID: PMC7574879 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Dysregulation of the cell cycle is associated with the progression of malignant cancer, but its precise functional contribution is unknown. Materials and Methods The expression of EIF1AX in breast cancer tissues was detected by qRT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry staining. Colony formation and tumour xenograft assays were used to examine the tumorigenesis‐associated function of EIF1AX in vitro and in vivo. RNA‐Seq analysis was used to select the downstream target genes of EIF1AX. Flow cytometry, ChIP and luciferase assays were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which EIF1AX regulates p21 in breast cancer cells. Results EIF1AX promoted breast cancer cell proliferation by promoting the G1/S cell cycle transition. A mechanistic investigation showed that EIF1AX inhibited the expression of p21, which is an essential cell cycle regulator. We identified that the transcriptional regulation of p21 by EIF1AX was p53‐independent. Clinically, EIF1AX levels were significantly elevated in breast cancer tissues, and the high level of EIF1AX was associated with lower survival rates in breast cancer patients. Conclusions Our results imply that EIF1AX may play a key role in the incidence and promotion of breast cancer and may, thus, serve as a valuable target for breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sunyang Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Hai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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33
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Bostan M, Petrică-Matei GG, Radu N, Hainarosie R, Stefanescu CD, Diaconu CC, Roman V. The Effect of Resveratrol or Curcumin on Head and Neck Cancer Cells Sensitivity to the Cytotoxic Effects of Cisplatin. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092596. [PMID: 32859062 PMCID: PMC7551591 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds can modulate all three major phases of carcinogenesis. The role of the natural compounds such as resveratrol (RSV) and curcumin (CRM) in modulation of anticancer potential of platinum-based drugs (CisPt) is still a topic of considerable debate. In order to enhance head and neck cancer (HNSCC) cells’ sensitivity to the cytotoxic effects of CisPt combined treatments with RSV or CRM were used. The study aim was to evaluate how the RSV or CRM associated to CisPt treatment modulated some cellular processes such as proliferation, P21 gene expression, apoptotic process, and cell cycle development in HNSCC tumor cell line (PE/CA-PJ49) compared to a normal cell line (HUVEC). The results showed that RSV or CRM treatment affected the viability of tumor cells more than normal cells. These natural compounds act against proliferation and sustain the effects of cisplatin by cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis and amplification of P21 expression in tumor cells. In conclusion, using RSV or CRM as adjuvants in CisPt therapy might have a beneficial effect by supporting the effects induced by CisPt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marinela Bostan
- Center of Immunology, Stefan S. Nicolau’ Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Immunology, Victor Babeș’ National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Nicoleta Radu
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Βucharest, Romania;
- Biotechnology Department, National Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry R&D of Bucharest, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Razvan Hainarosie
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department-University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.H.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Cristian Dragos Stefanescu
- Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery Department-University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.H.); (C.D.S.)
| | - Carmen Cristina Diaconu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.C.D.); (V.R.)
| | - Viviana Roman
- Center of Immunology, Stefan S. Nicolau’ Institute of Virology, 030304 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (C.C.D.); (V.R.)
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An K, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Yan S, Hou Z, Cao M, Liu G, Dong C, Gao J, Liu G. Neferine induces apoptosis by modulating the ROS‑mediated JNK pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Rep 2020; 44:1116-1126. [PMID: 32705225 PMCID: PMC7388582 DOI: 10.3892/or.2020.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have limited efficacy. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic targets to effectively manage the disease and boost survival rates is imperative Neferine, a natural product extracted from Nelumbo nucifera (lotus) leaves, has been revealed to inhibit the growth of hepatocarcinoma, breast cancer and lung cancer cells. However, its effect on ESCC is unknown. In the present study, it was revealed that neferine exerted anti‑proliferative effects in ESCC. It was also revealed that it triggered arrest of the G2/M phase and enhanced apoptosis of ESCC cell lines. Moreover, its ability to trigger accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activate the c‑Jun N‑terminal kinase (JNK) pathway was demonstrated. Further study revealed how N‑acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS inhibitor, attenuated these effects, demonstrating that ROS and JNK inhibitors mediated a marked reversal of neferine‑triggered cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Finally, it was revealed that neferine was involved in the inhibition of Nrf2, an antioxidant factor. Collectively, these findings demonstrated the antitumor effect of neferine in ESCC, through the ROS‑mediated JNK pathway and inhibition of Nrf2, indicating its potential as a target for development of novel and effective therapeutic agents against ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yuehan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Yingjiao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Shengxi Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Zhaowei Hou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Guangkuo Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Juncha Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
| | - Gaifang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050051, P.R. China
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Intracellular Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) contributes to the senescence of keratinocytes in psoriasis by stabilizing cytoplasmic p21. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:6823-6851. [PMID: 32302288 PMCID: PMC7202509 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic Th1/Th17 lymphocytes-mediated inflammatory skin disease, in which epidermal keratinocytes exhibit a peculiar senescent state, resistance to apoptosis and the acquisition of senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). SASP consists of the release of soluble factors, including IGFBPs, that exert extracellular and intracellular functions in IGF-dependent or independent manner.In this report, we investigated the expression and function of IGFBP2 in senescent keratinocytes isolated from the skin of patients with plaque psoriasis. We found that IGFBP2 is aberrantly expressed and released by these cells in vivo, as well as in vitro in keratinocyte cultures undergoing progressive senescence, and it associates with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p21 and p16 expression. For the first time, we provide evidence for a dual action of IGFBP2 in psoriatic keratinocytes during growth and senescence processes. While extracellular IGFBP2 counter-regulates IGF-induced keratinocyte hyper-proliferation, intracellular IGFBP2 inhibits apoptosis by interacting with p21 and protecting it from ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Indeed, we found that cytoplasmic p21 sustains anti-apoptotic processes, by inhibiting pro-caspase 3 cleavage and JNK phosphorylation in senescent psoriatic keratinocytes. As a consequence, abrogation of p21, as well as that of IGFBP2, found to stabilize cytoplasmic p21 levels, lead to the restoration of apoptosis mechanisms in psoriatic keratinocytes, commonly observed in healthy cells.
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36
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miR-106b-5p promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by directly targeting CDKN1A in osteosarcoma. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3203-3210. [PMID: 32266016 PMCID: PMC7132225 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miR)-106b-5p has been reported to act as both an oncogene and tumor suppressor in several tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological function of miR-106b-5p in osteosarcoma (OS). miR-106b-5p expression was observed to be significantly increased in OS tissues and cell lines. MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis determined that miR-106b-5p inhibitor transfection suppressed OS cell proliferation and induced cell cycle G0/G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and a luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A) was a potential target of miR-106b-5p. p21 protein expression was found to be significantly increased by miR-106b-5p downregulation in OS cells. Further analysis demonstrated that CDKN1A was downregulated in OS tissues and was negatively correlated with miR-106b-5p expression. Furthermore, upregulation of CDKN1A expression mimicked, whilst CDKN1A knockdown reversed the suppressive effects of miR-106b-5p inhibitor on OS cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. In summary, the present data suggested that miR-106b-5p promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by directly targeting CDKN1A in OS.
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Wang Y, Zhu W, Chen X, Wei G, Jiang G, Zhang G. Selenium-binding protein 1 transcriptionally activates p21 expression via p53-independent mechanism and its frequent reduction associates with poor prognosis in bladder cancer. J Transl Med 2020; 18:17. [PMID: 31918717 PMCID: PMC6953137 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02211-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that selenium-binding protein 1 (SELENBP1) is significantly down-regulated in a variety of solid tumors. Nevertheless, the clinical relevance of SELENBP1 in human bladder cancer has not been described in any detail, and the molecular mechanism underlying its inhibitory role in cancer cell growth is largely unknown. Methods SELENBP1 expression levels in tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues were evaluated using immunoblotting assay. The association of SELENBP1 expression, clinicopathological features, and clinical outcome was determined using publicly available dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas bladder cancer (TCGA-BLCA) cohort. DNA methylation in SELENBP1 gene was assessed using online MEXPRESS tool. We generated stable SELENBP1-overexpression and their corresponding control cell lines to determine its potential effect on cell cycle and transcriptional activity of p21 by using flow cytometry and luciferase reporter assay, respectively. The dominant-negative mutant constructs, TAM67 and STAT1 Y701F, were employed to define the roles of c-Jun and STAT1 in the regulation of p21 protein. Results Here, we report that the reduction of SELENBP1 is a frequent event and significantly correlates with tumor progression as well as unfavorable prognosis in human bladder cancer. By utilizing TCGA-BLCA cohort, DNA hypermethylation, especially in gene body, is shown to be likely to account for the reduction of SELENBP1 expression. However, an apparent paradox is observed in its 3′-UTR region, in which DNA methylation is positively related to SELENBP1 expression. More importantly, we verify the growth inhibitory role for SELENBP1 in human bladder cancer, and further report a novel function for SELENBP1 in transcriptionally modulating p21 expression through a p53-independent mechanism. Instead, ectopic expression of SELENBP1 pronouncedly attenuates the phosphorylation of c-Jun and STAT1, both of which are indispensable for SELENBP1-mediated transcriptional induction of p21, thereby resulting in the G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in bladder cancer cell. Conclusions Taken together, our findings provide clinical and molecular insights into improved understanding of the tumor suppressive role for SELENBP1 in human bladder cancer, suggesting that SELENBP1 could potentially be utilized as a prognostic biomarker as well as a therapeutic target in future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulei Wang
- Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
| | - Wenzhen Zhu
- Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiaoqing Chen
- Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Guangnan Wei
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
| | - Guosong Jiang
- Department of Urology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guochun Zhang
- Cancer Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, 106 Zhongshan Er Road, Guangzhou, 510080, China. .,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China.
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Villota C, Varas-Godoy M, Jeldes E, Campos A, Villegas J, Borgna V, Burzio LO, Burzio VA. HPV-18 E2 protein downregulates antisense noncoding mitochondrial RNA-2, delaying replicative senescence of human keratinocytes. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:33-47. [PMID: 30595560 PMCID: PMC6339806 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human and mouse cells display a differential expression pattern of a family of mitochondrial noncoding RNAs (ncmtRNAs), according to proliferative status. Normal proliferating and cancer cells express a sense ncmtRNA (SncmtRNA), which seems to be required for cell proliferation, and two antisense transcripts referred to as ASncmtRNA-1 and -2. Remarkably however, the ASncmtRNAs are downregulated in human and mouse cancer cells, including HeLa and SiHa cells, transformed with HPV-18 and HPV-16, respectively. HPV E2 protein is considered a tumor suppressor in the context of high-risk HPV-induced transformation and therefore, to explore the mechanisms involved in the downregulation of ASncmtRNAs during tumorigenesis, we studied human foreskin keratinocytes (HFK) transduced with lentiviral-encoded HPV-18 E2. Transduced cells displayed a significantly extended replicative lifespan of up to 23 population doublings, compared to 8 in control cells, together with downregulation of the ASncmtRNAs. At 26 population doublings, cells transduced with E2 were arrested at G2/M, together with downregulation of E2 and SncmtRNA and upregulation of ASncmtRNA-2. Our results suggest a role for high-risk HPV E2 protein in cellular immortalization. Additionally, we propose a new cellular phenotype according to the expression of the SncmtRNA and the ASncmtRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Villota
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Bernardo O'Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Manuel Varas-Godoy
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emanuel Jeldes
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - América Campos
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Comunicaciones Celulares (CEMC) Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Villegas
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vincenzo Borgna
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis O Burzio
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Verónica A Burzio
- Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Santiago, Chile.,Andes Biotechnologies SpA, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Liang Z, Li X, Chen J, Cai H, Zhang L, Li C, Tong J, Hu W. PRC1 promotes cell proliferation and cell cycle progression by regulating p21/p27-pRB family molecules and FAK-paxillin pathway in non-small cell lung cancer. Transl Cancer Res 2019; 8:2059-2072. [PMID: 35116955 PMCID: PMC8799135 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2019.09.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background This study aimed to demonstrate the function and molecular mechanism of protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) in the carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Bioinformatics analysis was performed. Cell culture and plasmid construction were conducted for cell transfection. mRNA and protein expression, cell proliferation, migration, and cell cycle were detected. Mice models were also constructed. The relationship between PRC1 and the prognosis of NSCLC patients was analyzed. Results PRC1 expression was higher in tumor tissues than adjacent non-tumor tissues (P<0.05). Cells transfected with the high-expression PRC1 plasmid (TOPO-PRC1 group) had the stronger ability of proliferation and migration (P<0.05) along with a lower incidence of stay at the G2/M phase (P<0.05) than the low-expression PRC1 plasmid. Mice models showed tumors obtained from mice in the TOPO-PRC1 group significantly grew faster, larger, and heavier (P<0.05) than the low-expression PRC1 group. Among the 150 NSCLC patients, patients with the higher PRC1 expression were more likely to have lymph node metastasis occur (P<0.05) and progress into an advanced stage (P<0.05), and showed shorter survival (P<0.05). Moreover, the TOPO-PRC1 group had a lower phosphorylation level, and a lower expression of Cip1/p21 (P<0.05) and Kip1/p27 (P<0.01). Conclusions PRC1 could promote cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through FAK-paxillin pathway molecules and the regulation of the phosphorylation level of p21/p27-pRB family molecules. PRC1 might be a new and promising therapeutic target for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Haina Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Chenwei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Jingjie Tong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo 315000, China
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Fusarubin and Anhydrofusarubin Isolated from A Cladosporium Species Inhibit Cell Growth in Human Cancer Cell Lines. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11090503. [PMID: 31470629 PMCID: PMC6784112 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11090503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cladosporium species are endophytic fungi that grow on organic matter and are considered food contaminants. The anti-microbial and anti-tumor naphthoquinones fusarubin (FUS) and anhydrofusarubin (AFU) were isolated using column chromatography from a Cladosporium species residing inside Rauwolfia leaves. The impact of FUS and AFU on cell growth was assessed in acute myeloid leukemia (OCI-AML3) and other hematologic tumor cell lines (HL-60, U937, and Jurkat). Treatment with FUS or AFU reduced the number of OCI-AML3 cells as evaluated by a hemocytometer. Flow cytometry analyses showed that this effect was accompanied by diverse impairments in cell cycle progression. Specifically, FUS (20 or 10 μg/mL significantly decreased the percentage of cells in S phase and increased the percentage of cells in G2/M phase, whereas AFU increased the percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase (50 and 25 μg/mL) and decreased the percentage of cells in S (50 μg/mL) and G2/M (50 and 25 μg/mL) phases. Both substances significantly increased apoptosis at higher concentrations. The effects of FUS were more potent than those of AFU, with FUS up-regulating p21 expression in a p53-dependent manner, as detected by Western blot analyses, likely the consequence of decreased ERK phosphorylation and increased p38 expression (both of which increase p21 stability). FUS also decreased Akt phosphorylation and resulted in increased Fas ligand production and caspase-8/3-dependent apoptosis. These results suggest that FUS and AFU inhibit proliferation and increase apoptosis in cell lines derived from hematological cancers.
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Henri P, Prevel C, Pellerano M, Lacotte J, Stoebner PE, Morris MC, Meunier L. Psoriatic epidermis is associated with upregulation of CDK2 and inhibition of CDK4 activity. Br J Dermatol 2019; 182:678-689. [PMID: 31145809 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.18178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) CDK2 and CDK4 are involved in regulation of cell-cycle progression, and psoriasis is characterized by hyperproliferation of basal epidermal cells. CDK inhibitory proteins (CKIs) such as p16INK 4A (p16) bind CDK4/6 kinases and prevent their interaction with D-type cyclins. CKIs such as p21Cip1 (p21) and p27Kip1 (p27) associate with CDK-cyclin complexes and prevent their activation. OBJECTIVES To gain insight into the molecular implication of CDK2 and CDK4 kinases in psoriasis, we sought to characterize expression of these kinases and associated cyclins, as well as of CKIs, and addressed the status of CDK2 and CDK4 activity in human psoriatic epidermis. METHODS A cohort of 24 patients with psoriasis participated in the study. Biopsies were removed from a chronic plaque and from nonlesional skin. CDK2, CDK4, cyclin D1, cyclin E and CKI protein expression was assessed by immunoblotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. CDK4 and CDK2 mRNA expression was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Specific kinase activities of CDK2 and CDK4 were evaluated using fluorescent peptide biosensors. RESULTS CDK2-cyclin E expression and activity were significantly increased in psoriatic epidermis compared with uninvolved adjacent skin. In contrast, CDK4-cyclin D1 activity was inhibited, although its expression was increased in psoriatic epidermis and its transcription slightly inhibited. p27 expression was reduced, while p16 and p21 expression was induced in psoriatic epidermis. CONCLUSIONS Epidermal CDK2 activity is increased in psoriatic epidermis while CDK4 activity is completely inhibited. These alterations are not associated with changes in CDK transcription and instead involve post-translational control mediated by decreased expression of p27 and p16 overexpression, respectively. What's already known about this topic? Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are involved in cell-cycle progression. The levels of cyclin partners and CDK inhibitors regulate their activity. Psoriasis is a chronic T-cell-driven inflammatory skin disease characterized by hyperproliferation of basal epidermal cells. What does this study add? Thanks to fluorescent peptide biosensors, this study demonstrates that epidermal CDK2 activity is increased in psoriatic epidermis while CDK4 activity is completely inhibited. These alterations involve post-translational control mediated by decreased expression of p27, and p16 overexpression, respectively. What is the translational message? CDK2 and CDK4 are involved in regulation of cell-cycle progression, and psoriasis is characterized by hyperproliferation of basal epidermal cells. Epidermal CDK2 activity is increased in psoriatic epidermis while CDK4 activity is completely inhibited. These alterations are not associated with changes in CDK transcription and instead involve post-translational control mediated by decreased expression of p27 and p16 overexpression, respectively. Pharmacological modulation of CDK2 and CDK4 may constitute a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Henri
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France
| | - C Prevel
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France
| | - M Pellerano
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France
| | - J Lacotte
- Department of Dermatology, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - P E Stoebner
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France.,Department of Dermatology, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - M C Morris
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France
| | - L Meunier
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron (IBMM), University of Montpellier, UMR CNRS 5247, Montpellier, France.,Department of Dermatology, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France
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Kreis NN, Louwen F, Yuan J. The Multifaceted p21 (Cip1/Waf1/ CDKN1A) in Cell Differentiation, Migration and Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091220. [PMID: 31438587 PMCID: PMC6770903 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss of cell cycle control is characteristic of tumorigenesis. The protein p21 is the founding member of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors and an important versatile cell cycle protein. p21 is transcriptionally controlled by p53 and p53-independent pathways. Its expression is increased in response to various intra- and extracellular stimuli to arrest the cell cycle ensuring genomic stability. Apart from its roles in cell cycle regulation including mitosis, p21 is involved in differentiation, cell migration, cytoskeletal dynamics, apoptosis, transcription, DNA repair, reprogramming of induced pluripotent stem cells, autophagy and the onset of senescence. p21 acts either as a tumor suppressor or as an oncogene depending largely on the cellular context, its subcellular localization and posttranslational modifications. In the present review, we briefly mention the general functions of p21 and summarize its roles in differentiation, migration and invasion in detail. Finally, regarding its dual role as tumor suppressor and oncogene, we highlight the potential, difficulties and risks of using p21 as a biomarker as well as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina-Naomi Kreis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Frank Louwen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Juping Yuan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital, J. W. Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt, Germany
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Function of p21 (Cip1/Waf1/ CDKN1A) in Migration and Invasion of Cancer and Trophoblastic Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11070989. [PMID: 31311187 PMCID: PMC6678555 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11070989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression and pregnancy have several features in common. Tumor cells and placental trophoblasts share many signaling pathways involved in migration and invasion. Preeclampsia, associated with impaired differentiation and migration of trophoblastic cells, is an unpredictable and unpreventable disease leading to maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. Like in tumor cells, most pathways, in which p21 is involved, are deregulated in trophoblasts of preeclamptic placentas. The aim of the present study was to enlighten p21’s role in tumorigenic choriocarcinoma and trophoblastic cell lines. We show that knockdown of p21 induces defects in chromosome movement during mitosis, though hardly affecting proliferation and cell cycle distribution. Moreover, suppression of p21 compromises the migration and invasion capability of various trophoblastic and cancer cell lines mediated by, at least partially, a reduction of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 3, identified using transcriptome-wide profiling, real-time PCR, and Western blot. Further analyses show that downregulation of p21 is associated with reduced matrix metalloproteinase 2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2. This work evinces that p21 is involved in chromosome movement during mitosis as well as in the motility and invasion capacity of trophoblastic and cancer cell lines.
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Dilshara MG, Jayasooriya RGPT, Karunarathne WAHM, Choi YH, Kim GY. Camptothecin induces mitotic arrest through Mad2-Cdc20 complex by activating the JNK-mediated Sp1 pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 127:143-155. [PMID: 30885713 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Camptothecin (CPT) is a popular therapeutic agent that targets topoisomerase I. Our findings demonstrated that CPT-induced microtubule polymerization results in markedly increased histone H3 phosphorylation. CPT also enhanced interactions between the mitotic checkpoint proteins, Mad2 and Cdc20, and thereby increased mitotic arrest. Transient knockdown of Mad2 completely restored cell cycle progression from CPT-induced mitotic arrest, while simultaneously reduced cyclin B1 and Cdk1 expression. Moreover, we found that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) acts upstream of Sp1, which upregulates p21-mediated mitotic arrest in response to CPT; furthermore, knockdown of p21 restored cell cycle progression, while inhibition of Cdks completely restored cell cycle progression from CPT-induced mitotic arrest. We hypothesized that, during mitotic arrest in response to CPT, cell survival signaling blocks apoptosis, thereby enhancing mitotic arrest. As expected, a caspase-9 inhibitor, z-LEHD-FMK, and an autophagy inhibitor, 3-methyladenine (3 MA), significantly diminished CPT-induced mitotic arrest. On the other hand, when Mad2 was depleted, z-LEHD-FMK and 3 MA markedly increased apoptosis, and restored cell cycle progression. Taken together, these results suggest that CPT decodes the action of topoisomerase I-mediated tubulin targeting drugs, leading to mitotic arrest by upregulating Mad2 through the JNK-mediated Sp1 pathway and autophagy formation from tubulin polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea.
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Diab A, Kao M, Kehrli K, Kim HY, Sidorova J, Mendez E. Multiple Defects Sensitize p53-Deficient Head and Neck Cancer Cells to the WEE1 Kinase Inhibition. Mol Cancer Res 2019; 17:1115-1128. [PMID: 30679201 PMCID: PMC6497558 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-18-0860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The p53 gene is the most commonly mutated gene in solid tumors, but leveraging p53 status in therapy remains a challenge. Previously, we determined that p53 deficiency sensitizes head and neck cancer cells to AZD1775, a WEE1 kinase inhibitor, and translated our findings into a phase I clinical trial. Here, we investigate how p53 affects cellular responses to AZD1775 at the molecular level. We found that p53 modulates both replication stress and mitotic deregulation triggered by WEE1 inhibition. Without p53, slowing of replication forks due to replication stress is exacerbated. Abnormal, γH2AX-positive mitoses become more common and can proceed with damaged or underreplicated DNA. p53-deficient cells fail to properly recover from WEE1 inhibition and exhibit fewer 53BP1 nuclear bodies despite evidence of unresolved damage. A faulty G1-S checkpoint propagates this damage into the next division. Together, these deficiencies can intensify damages in each consecutive cell cycle in the drug. IMPLICATIONS: The data encourage the use of AZD1775 in combination with genotoxic modalities against p53-deficient head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Diab
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Michael Kao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Keffy Kehrli
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Hee Yeon Kim
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Julia Sidorova
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
| | - Eduardo Mendez
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington
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Wu H, Liu HY, Liu WJ, Shi YL, Bao D. miR-377-5p inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle progression by targeting AKT1 signaling. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:8120-8128. [PMID: 30485528 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Lung carcinoma is the most common type of malignant tumors globally, and its molecular mechanisms remained unclear. With the aim to investigate the effects of microRNA (miR)-377-5p on the cell development, invasion, metastasis, and cycle of lung carcinoma, this study was performed. We evaluated miR-377-5p expression levels in lung cancer tissues and cell models. Cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion abilities, and cell cycle distribution were measured using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, crystal violet, transwell, and flow cytometry assay. Furthermore, expression levels of protein kinase B α subunit (AKT1) and proteins related to cell cycle and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were assessed using Western blot analysis and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. These results suggested that miR-377-5p was downregulated in vivo and in cell models, and miR-377-5p overexpression inhibited cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced cell-cycle arrest. In addition, as a target of miR-377-5p, AKT1 alleviated the decreases of cell viability, proliferation, migration, invasion, the S-phase cells, the expression of cyclin D1, fibronectin, and vimentin, as well as the increases of the G0/G1-phase cells, the expression of Foxo1, p27 kip1 , p21 Cip1 and E-cadherin when miR-377-5p overexpressed. In conclusion, miR-377-5p inhibited cell development and regulated cell cycle distribution and EMT by targeting AKT1, which provided a theoretical basis for further study of lung carcinoma therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Hai Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Wen Jie Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Yong Li Shi
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Dawei Bao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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Zhu L, Wang J, Kong W, Huang J, Dong B, Huang Y, Xue W, Zhang J. LSD1 inhibition suppresses the growth of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via upregulating P21 signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2019; 9:324-334. [PMID: 30972280 PMCID: PMC6437640 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) has been implicated in the disease progression of several types of solid tumors. This study provides the first evidence showing that LSD1 overexpression occurred in 62.6% (224/358) of clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCC). LSD1 expression was associated with the progression of ccRCC, as indicated by TNM stage (P=0.006), especially tumor stage (P=0.017) and lymph node metastasis (P=0.030). High LSD1 expression proved to be an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (P<0.001) and recurrence-free survival (P<0.001) of ccRCC patients. We further show that LSD1 inhibition by siRNA knockdown or using the small molecule inhibitor SP2509 suppressed the growth of ccRCC in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, inhibition of LSD1 decreased the H3K4 demethylation at the CDKN1A gene promoter, which was associated with P21 upregulation and cell cycle arrest at G1/S in ccRCC cells. Our findings provide new mechanistic insights into the role of LSD1 in ccRCC and suggest the therapeutic potential of LSD1 inhibitors in ccRCC treatment.
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Tian H, Zhang Y, Zhang Q, Li S, Liu Y, Han X. Effects of BENC-511, a novel PI3K inhibitor, on the proliferation and apoptosis of A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Biosci Trends 2019; 13:40-48. [DOI: 10.5582/bst.2019.01006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
- Department of Pharmacology, Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
| | - Qianyun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
| | - Shuixian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
| | - Xiuzhen Han
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University
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Autophagy induced by SAHA affects mutant P53 degradation and cancer cell survival. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20181345. [PMID: 30745455 PMCID: PMC6379511 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20181345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in the TP53 gene produce mutant p53 (mutp53) proteins which may acquire oncogenic properties favoring chemoresistance, cell migration, and metastasis. The exploitation of cellular pathways that promote mutp53 degradation may reduce cell proliferation and invasion as well as increase the sensitivity to anticancer drugs, with a strong impact on current cancer therapies. In the last years, several molecules have been characterized for their ability to induce the degradation of mutp53 through the activation of autophagy. Here, we investigated the correlation between autophagy and mutp53 degradation induced by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), an FDA-approved histone deacetylase inhibitor. In the human cancer lines MDA-MB-231 (mutp53-R280K) and DLD1 (mutp53-S241F), SAHA induced a significant mutp53 degradation. However, such degradation correlated with autophagy induction only in MDA-MB-231 cells, being counteracted by autophagy inhibition, which also increased SAHA-induced cell death. Conversely, in DLD1 cells SAHA triggered a low level of autophagy despite promoting a strong decrease in mutp53 level, and autophagy inhibition did not change either mutp53 levels or sensitivity to this drug. We conclude that autophagy can be a relevant pathway for mutp53 degradation induced by SAHA, but its contribution to mutp53 destabilization and the consequences on cell death are likely context-dependent.
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Zhang S, Hu B, You Y, Yang Z, Liu L, Tang H, Bao W, Guan Y, Shen X. Sorting nexin 10 acts as a tumor suppressor in tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer through regulating chaperone mediated autophagy degradation of p21 Cip1/WAF1. Cancer Lett 2019; 419:116-127. [PMID: 29355659 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2018.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) characterized by the selective degradation of target proteins has been linked with tumorigenesis in recent years. Here, we explored the function of sorting nexin 10 (SNX10), a protein involved in maintaining endosome/lysosome homeostasis, in mediating CMA activity and its impact on the progression of mouse inflammation-driven colorectal cancer. Our results revealed that SNX10 deficiency increased the activation of CMA by preventing the degradation of lysosomal LAMP-2A. In SNX10 KO cells, we disclosed that p21Cip1/WAF1, a master effector in various tumor suppressor pathways, is a substrate of CMA, and decrease of p21Cip1/WAF1 caused by SNX10-mediated CMA activation contributes to HCT116 cell proliferation and survival. Moreover, we found that SNX10 KO promoted tumorigenesis in the mouse colorectum which could be restored by SNX10 over-expression. Furthermore, SNX10 was remarkably down-regulated in human CRC tissues which showed the increased activity of CMA and decreased expression of p21Cip1/WAF1. These findings suggest that SNX10 acts as a tumor suppressor in the mouse colorectum and drives inflammation-associated colorectal cancer by a chaperone-mediated autophagy mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan You
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Songjiang Hospital Affiliated Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanhuan Tang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilian Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunyun Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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