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Guo X, Song J, Liu M, Ou X, Guo Y. The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer development and therapeutic response. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2356831. [PMID: 38767879 PMCID: PMC11110713 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2356831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an essential role in tumor cell survival by profoundly influencing their proliferation, metastasis, immune evasion, and resistance to treatment. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles released by all cell types and often reflect the state of their parental cells and modulate other cells' functions through the various cargo they transport. Tumor-derived small EVs (TDSEVs) can transport specific proteins, nucleic acids and lipids tailored to propagate tumor signals and establish a favorable TME. Thus, the TME's biological characteristics can affect TDSEV heterogeneity, and this interplay can amplify tumor growth, dissemination, and resistance to therapy. This review discusses the interplay between TME and TDSEVs based on their biological characteristics and summarizes strategies for targeting cancer cells. Additionally, it reviews the current issues and challenges in this field to offer fresh insights into comprehending tumor development mechanisms and exploring innovative clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyu Guo
- The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jiajun Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Miao Liu
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Xinyi Ou
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yongcan Guo
- Nanobiosensing and Microfluidic Point-of-Care Testing, Key Laboratory of Luzhou, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
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2
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Miura A, Manabe Y, Suzuki KGN, Shomura H, Okamura S, Shirakawa A, Yano K, Miyake S, Mayusumi K, Lin CC, Morimoto K, Ishitobi J, Nakase I, Arai K, Kobayashi S, Ishikawa U, Kanoh H, Miyoshi E, Yamaji T, Kabayama K, Fukase K. De Novo Glycan Display on Cell Surfaces Using HaloTag: Visualizing the Effect of the Galectin Lattice on the Lateral Diffusion and Extracellular Vesicle Loading of Glycosylated Membrane Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38963258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Glycans cover the cell surface to form the glycocalyx, which governs a myriad of biological phenomena. However, understanding and regulating glycan functions is extremely challenging due to the large number of heterogeneous glycans that engage in intricate interaction networks with diverse biomolecules. Glycocalyx-editing techniques offer potent tools to probe their functions. In this study, we devised a HaloTag-based technique for glycan manipulation, which enables the introduction of chemically synthesized glycans onto a specific protein (protein of interest, POI) and concurrently incorporates fluorescent units to attach homogeneous, well-defined glycans to the fluorescence-labeled POIs. Leveraging this HaloTag-based glycan-display system, we investigated the influence of the interactions between Gal-3 and various N-glycans on protein dynamics. Our analyses revealed that glycosylation modulates the lateral diffusion of the membrane proteins in a structure-dependent manner through interaction with Gal-3, particularly in the context of the Gal-3-induced formation of the glycan network (galectin lattice). Furthermore, N-glycan attachment was also revealed to have a significant impact on the extracellular vesicle-loading of membrane proteins. Notably, our POI-specific glycan introduction does not disrupt intact glycan structures, thereby enabling a functional analysis of glycans in the presence of native glycan networks. This approach complements conventional glycan-editing methods and provides a means for uncovering the molecular underpinnings of glycan functions on the cell surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayane Miura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Manabe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kenichi G N Suzuki
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
- National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shomura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Soichiro Okamura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Asuka Shirakawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Kumpei Yano
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shuto Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Koki Mayusumi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Chun-Cheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Kenta Morimoto
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Jojiro Ishitobi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Ikuhiko Nakase
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kenta Arai
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2492, Japan
| | - Shouhei Kobayashi
- Advanced ICT Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 588-2 Iwaoka, Iwaoka-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2492, Japan
| | - Ushio Ishikawa
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsushima, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kanoh
- Division of Glycopathology, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1, Komatsushima, Aoba Ward, Sendai, Miyagi 981-8558, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamaji
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Kazuya Kabayama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Radiation Sciences, Institute for Radiation Sciences, Osaka University, 2-4 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Center for Advanced Modalities and DDS, Osaka University, 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Razavinia A, Razavinia A, Jamshidi Khalife Lou R, Ghavami M, Shahri F, Tafazoli A, Khalesi B, Hashemi ZS, Khalili S. Exosomes as novel tools for renal cell carcinoma therapy, diagnosis, and prognosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e32875. [PMID: 38948044 PMCID: PMC11211897 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) stands as a formidable challenge within the field of oncology, despite considerable research endeavors. The advanced stages of this malignancy present formidable barriers to effective treatment and management. Objective This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in addressing the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with RCC. Specifically, it investigates the role of exosomes as biomarkers and therapeutic vehicles in the context of RCC management. Methods For this review article, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, employing relevant keywords to identify research articles pertinent to the objectives of the review. Initially, 200 articles were identified, which underwent screening to remove duplicates and assess relevance based on titles and abstracts, followed by a detailed examination of full texts. From the selected articles, relevant data were extracted and synthesized to address the review's objectives. The conclusions were drawn based on a thorough analysis of the findings. The quality was ensured through independent review and resolution of discrepancies among multiple reviewers. Results Exosomes demonstrate potential as diagnostic tools for early detection, prognosis, and treatment monitoring in RCC. Their ability to deliver various therapeutic agents, such as small interfering RNAs, lncRNAs, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immune-stimulating agents, allows for a personalized approach to RCC management. By leveraging exosome-based technologies, precision and efficacy in treatment strategies can be significantly enhanced. Conclusion Despite the promising advancements enabled by exosomes in the management of RCC, further research is necessary to refine exosome-based technologies and validate their efficacy, safety, and long-term benefits through rigorous clinical trials. Embracing exosomes as integral components of RCC diagnosis and treatment represents a significant step towards improving patient outcomes and addressing the persistent challenges posed by this malignancy in the field of oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Razavinia
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abazar Razavinia
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Jamshidi Khalife Lou
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahlegha Ghavami
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Forouzan Shahri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
| | - Aida Tafazoli
- Department of Bacterial and Virology, Shiraz medical school, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalesi
- Department of Research and Production of Poultry Viral Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj 3197619751, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Khalili
- Department of Biology Sciences, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran
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Ng DQ, Hudson C, Nguyen T, Gupta SK, Koh YQ, Acharya MM, Chan A. Dynamin-1 is a potential mediator in Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.04.597349. [PMID: 38895481 PMCID: PMC11185648 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.04.597349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Dynamin-1 (DNM1) consolidates memory through synaptic transmission and modulation and has been explored as a therapeutic target in Alzheimer's disease. Through a two-prong approach, this study examined its role in cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) pathogenesis using human and animal models. The human study recruited newly diagnosed, chemotherapy-naïve adolescent and young adult cancer and non-cancer controls to complete a cognitive instrument (FACT-Cog) and blood draws for up to three time points. Concurrently, a syngeneic young-adult WT (C57BL/6 female) mouse model of breast cancer was developed to study DNM1 expression in the brain. Samples from eighty-six participants with 30 adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer and 56 non-cancer participants were analyzed. DNM1 levels were significantly lower among cancer participants compared to non-cancer prior to treatment. While receiving cancer treatment, cognitively impaired patients were found with a significant downregulation of DNM1, but not among those without impairment. In murine breast cancer-bearing mice receiving chemotherapy, we consistently found a significant decline in DNM1 immunoreactivity in the hippocampal CA1 and CA3 subregions. Observed in both human and animal studies, the downregulation of DNM1 is linked with the onset of CRCI. Future research should explore the potential of DNM1 in CRCI pathogenesis and therapeutics development.
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Dong FL, Xu ZZ, Wang YQ, Li T, Wang X, Li J. Exosome-derived circUPF2 enhances resistance to targeted therapy by redeploying ferroptosis sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:298. [PMID: 38811968 PMCID: PMC11137910 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02582-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be treated with sorafenib, which is the primary choice for targeted therapy. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of sorafenib is greatly restricted due to resistance. Research has shown that exosomes and circular RNAs play a vital role in the cancer's malignant advancement. However, the significance of exosomal circular RNAs in the development of resistance to sorafenib in HCC remains uncertain. METHODS Ultracentrifugation was utilized to isolate exosomes (Exo-SR) from the sorafenib-resistant HCC cells' culture medium. Transcriptome sequencing and differential expression gene analysis were used to identify the targets of Exo-SR action in HCC cells. To identify the targets of Exo-SR action in HCC cells, transcriptome sequencing and analysis of differential expression genes were employed. To evaluate the impact of exosomal circUPF2 on resistance to sorafenib in HCC, experiments involving gain-of-function and loss-of-function were conducted. RNA pull-down assays and mass spectrometry analysis were performed to identify the RNA-binding proteins interacting with circUPF2. RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pull-down, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), immunofluorescence (IF) -fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and rescue assays were used to validate the interactions among circUPF2, IGF2BP2 and SLC7A11. Finally, a tumor xenograft assay was used to examine the biological functions and underlying mechanisms of Exo-SR and circUPF2 in vivo. RESULTS A novel exosomal circRNA, circUPF2, was identified and revealed to be significantly enriched in Exo-SR. Exosomes with enriched circUPF2 enhanced sorafenib resistance by promoting SLC7A11 expression and suppressing ferroptosis in HCC cells. Mechanistically, circUPF2 acts as a framework to enhance the creation of the circUPF2-IGF2BP2-SLC7A11 ternary complex contributing to the stabilization of SLC7A11 mRNA. Consequently, exosomal circUPF2 promotes SLC7A11 expression and enhances the function of system Xc- in HCC cells, leading to decreased sensitivity to ferroptosis and resistance to sorafenib. CONCLUSIONS The resistance to sorafenib in HCC is facilitated by the exosomal circUPF2, which promotes the formation of the circUPF2-IGF2BP2-SLC7A11 ternary complex and increases the stability of SLC7A11 mRNA. Focusing on exosomal circUPF2 could potentially be an innovative approach for HCC treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Humans
- Exosomes/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Sorafenib/pharmacology
- RNA, Circular/genetics
- RNA, Circular/metabolism
- Ferroptosis/drug effects
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Animals
- Mice
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Mice, Nude
- Amino Acid Transport System y+/metabolism
- Amino Acid Transport System y+/genetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Lin Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Zong-Zhen Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Ying-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Mondal D, Shinde S, Sinha V, Dixit V, Paul S, Gupta RK, Thakur S, Vishvakarma NK, Shukla D. Prospects of liquid biopsy in the prognosis and clinical management of gastrointestinal cancers. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 11:1385238. [PMID: 38770216 PMCID: PMC11103528 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1385238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for one-fourth of the global cancer incidence and are incriminated to cause one-third of cancer-related deaths. GI cancer includes esophageal, gastric, liver, pancreatic, and colorectal cancers, mostly diagnosed at advanced stages due to a lack of accurate markers for early stages. The invasiveness of diagnostic methods like colonoscopy for solid biopsy reduces patient compliance as it cannot be frequently used to screen patients. Therefore, minimally invasive approaches like liquid biopsy may be explored for screening and early identification of gastrointestinal cancers. Liquid biopsy involves the qualitative and quantitative determination of certain cancer-specific biomarkers in body fluids such as blood, serum, saliva, and urine to predict disease progression, therapeutic tolerance, toxicities, and recurrence by evaluating minimal residual disease and its correlation with other clinical features. In this review, we deliberate upon various tumor-specific cellular and molecular entities such as circulating tumor cells (CTCs), tumor-educated platelets (TEPs), circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), cell-free DNA (cfDNA), exosomes, and exosome-derived biomolecules and cite recent advances pertaining to their use in predicting disease progression, therapy response, or risk of relapse. We also discuss the technical challenges associated with translating liquid biopsy into clinical settings for various clinical applications in gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepankar Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Sapnita Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vibha Sinha
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vineeta Dixit
- Department of Botany, Sri Sadguru Jagjit Singh Namdhari College, Garhwa, Jharkhand, India
| | - Souvik Paul
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | | | - Dhananjay Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Jokhio S, Peng I, Peng CA. Extracellular vesicles isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves reveal characteristics of mammalian exosomes. PROTOPLASMA 2024:10.1007/s00709-024-01954-x. [PMID: 38683390 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-024-01954-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Plant-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs), containing a myriad of bioactive proteins, microRNAs, lipids, and secondary metabolites, have recently become the focus of rising interest due to their important roles in various applications. The widely accepted method for isolating plant EVs is differential ultracentrifugation plus density gradient centrifugation. However, the combination of differential ultracentrifugation and density gradient centrifugation for the isolation of plant EVs is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Hence, there is a need for more efficient methods to perform the separation of plant EVs. In this study, EVs were separated from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves by a cost-effective polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based precipitation approach. The mean size of purified Arabidopsis thaliana EVs determined by dynamic light scattering was 266 nm, which is consistent with nanoparticle tracking analysis. The size was also confirmed via transmission electron microscopy with morphology of a cup-shaped appearance which is the typical mammalian exosome's morphology. Additionally, Western blotting of the purified Arabidopsis thaliana EVs, using commercially available mammalian exosomal kits, displayed surface marker tetraspanin proteins (CD9, CD63, and CD81), and endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT)-associated proteins (TSG101 and ALIX). This demonstrates that the purified Arabidopsis thaliana EVs reveal the typical proteins reported in mammalian exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharjeel Jokhio
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Ian Peng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ching-An Peng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844, USA.
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Shahi S, Kang T, Fonseka P. Extracellular Vesicles in Pathophysiology: A Prudent Target That Requires Careful Consideration. Cells 2024; 13:754. [PMID: 38727289 PMCID: PMC11083420 DOI: 10.3390/cells13090754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound particles released by cells to perform multitudes of biological functions. Owing to their significant implications in diseases, the pathophysiological role of EVs continues to be extensively studied, leading research to neglect the need to explore their role in normal physiology. Despite this, many identified physiological functions of EVs, including, but not limited to, tissue repair, early development and aging, are attributed to their modulatory role in various signaling pathways via intercellular communication. EVs are widely perceived as a potential therapeutic strategy for better prognosis, primarily through utilization as a mode of delivery vehicle. Moreover, disease-associated EVs serve as candidates for the targeted inhibition by pharmacological or genetic means. However, these attempts are often accompanied by major challenges, such as off-target effects, which may result in adverse phenotypes. This renders the clinical efficacy of EVs elusive, indicating that further understanding of the specific role of EVs in physiology may enhance their utility. This review highlights the essential role of EVs in maintaining cellular homeostasis under different physiological settings, and also discusses the various aspects that may potentially hinder the robust utility of EV-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pamali Fonseka
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia; (S.S.); (T.K.)
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Cao Y, Liu X, Liu J, Su Z, Liu W, Yang L, Zhang L. Diagnostic value of exosomal noncoding RNA in lung cancer: a meta-analysis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1357248. [PMID: 38694786 PMCID: PMC11061461 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1357248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer is one of the most dangerous cancers in the world. Most lung cancer patients are diagnosed in the middle and later stages, which can lead to poor survival rates. The development of lung cancer is often accompanied by abnormal expression of exosomal non-coding RNAs, which means that they have the potential to serve as noninvasive novel molecular markers for lung cancer diagnosis. Methods For this study, we conducted a comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Web of science, Science direct, Embase, Cochrane, and Medline databases, and by reviewing published literature, The diagnostic capacity of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs), long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs) for lung cancer was evaluated. Functional enrichment analysis of miRNA target genes was performed. Results The study included 41 papers, a total of 68 studies. More than 60 miRNAs, 9 lncRNAs and 14 circRNAs were involved. The combined sensitivity and specificity were 0.83(95%CI, 0.80~0.86) and 0.83(95% CI,0.79~0.87); 0.71(95% CI,0.68~0.74) and 0.79(95%CI, 0.75~0.82); 0.79(95%CI,0.67~0.87) and 0.81(95%CI,0.74~0.86), and constructed overall subject operating characteristic curves with the summarized area under the curve values of 0.90, 0.82, and 0.86. Conclusion Our study shows that exosomes miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs are effective in the diagnosis of lung cancer, providing evidence for studies related to novel lung cancer diagnostic markers. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023457087.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinbo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ziyi Su
- Undergraduate of College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wenxuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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10
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Ying X, Zheng X, Zhang X, Yin Y, Wang X. Kynurenine in IDO1 high cancer cell-derived extracellular vesicles promotes angiogenesis by inducing endothelial mitophagy in ovarian cancer. J Transl Med 2024; 22:267. [PMID: 38468343 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05054-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitophagy, a prominent cellular homeostasis process, has been implicated in modulating endothelial cell function. Emerging evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in intercellular communication, which could modulate tumor angiogenesis, a hallmark of ovarian cancer (OC) progression. However, the underlying mechanisms through how EVs regulate endothelial mitophagy associated with tumor angiogenesis during OC development remain obscure. METHODS The effect of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy and its correlation with tumor angiogenesis and OC development were explored by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Multi-omics integration analysis was employed to identify potential regulatory mechanisms of cancer cell-derived EVs on endothelial mitophagy, which is involved in tumor angiogenesis associated with OC development. These insights were then further corroborated through additional experiments. An orthotopic OC mouse model was constructed to assess the antiangiogenic and therapeutic potential of the Indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitor. RESULTS Cancer cell-derived EVs promoted tumor angiogenesis via the activation of endothelial mitophagy, contributing to the growth and metastasis of OC. The aberrantly high expression of IDO1 mediated abnormal tryptophan metabolism in cancer cells and promoted the secretion of L-kynurenine (L-kyn)-enriched EVs, with associated high levels of L-kyn in EVs isolated from both the tumor tissues and patient plasma in OC. EVs derived from IDO1high ovarian cancer cells elevated nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) levels in endothelial cells via delivering L-kyn. Besides, IDO1high ovarian cancer cell-derived EVs upregulated sirt3 expression in endothelial cells by increasing acetylation modification. These findings are crucial for promoting endothelial mitophagy correlated with tumor angiogenesis. Notably, both endothelial mitophagy and tumor angiogenesis could be suppressed by the IDO1 inhibitor in the orthotopic OC mouse model. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings unveil a mechanism of mitophagy in OC angiogenesis and indicate the clinical relevance of EV enriched L-kyn as a potential biomarker for tumorigenesis and progression. Additionally, IDO1 inhibitors might become an alternative option for OC adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaocui Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yujia Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xipeng Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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11
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Pei Y, Guo Y, Wang W, Wang B, Zeng F, Shi Q, Xu J, Guo L, Ding C, Xie X, Ren T, Guo W. Extracellular vesicles as a new frontier of diagnostic biomarkers in osteosarcoma diseases: a bibliometric and visualized study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1359807. [PMID: 38500663 PMCID: PMC10944918 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1359807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of liquid biopsy in cancer research has grown exponentially, offering potential for early detection, treatment stratification, and monitoring residual disease and recurrence. Exosomes, released by cancer cells, contain tumor-derived materials and are stable in biofluids, making them valuable biomarkers for clinical evaluation. Bibliometric research on osteosarcoma (OS) and exosome-derived diagnostic biomarkers is scarce. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a bibliometric evaluation of studies on OS and exosome-derived biomarkers. Using the Web of Science Core Collection database, Microsoft Excel, the R "Bibliometrix" package, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software, quantitative analyses of the country, author, annual publications, journals, institutions, and keywords of studies on exosome-derived biomarkers for OS from 1995 to 2023 were performed. High-quality records (average citation rate ≥ 10/year) were filtered. The corresponding authors were mainly from China, the USA, Australia, and Canada. The University of Kansas Medical Center, National Cancer Center, Japan, and University of Kansas were major institutions, with limited cooperation reported by the University of Kansas Medical Center. Keyword analysis revealed a shift from cancer progression to mesenchymal stem cells, exosome expression, biogenesis, and prognostic biomarkers. Qualitative analysis highlighted exosome cargo, including miRNAs, circRNAs, lncRNAs, and proteins, as potential diagnostic OS biomarkers. This research emphasizes the rapid enhancement of exosomes as a diagnostic frontier, offering guidance for the clinical application of exosome-based liquid biopsy in OS, contributing to the evolving landscape of cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Pei
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Boyang Wang
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fanwei Zeng
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qianyu Shi
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuhui Xu
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chaowei Ding
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangpang Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Cangnan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Musculoskeletal Tumor Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Tumor, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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12
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Wang M, Shu H, Cheng X, Xiao H, Jin Z, Yao N, Mao S, Zong Z. Exosome as a crucial communicator between tumor microenvironment and gastric cancer (Review). Int J Oncol 2024; 64:28. [PMID: 38240092 PMCID: PMC10836496 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2024.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies and has relatively high morbidity and mortality rates. Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles that originate from a diverse array of cells and may be found throughout various bodily fluids. These vesicles are endogenous nanocarriers in their natural state with the unique ability to transport lipids, proteins, DNA and RNA. Exosomes contain DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids and other bioactive components that have crucial roles in the transmission of information and regulation of cell activities in gastric cancer. This paper begins with an exploration of the composition, formation and release mechanisms of exosomes. Subsequently, the role of exosomes in the tumor microenvironment is reviewed in terms of the immune cell population, nonimmune cell population and other factors. Finally, the current status and challenges of exosome‑based research on the progression, diagnosis and therapeutic methods of gastric cancer are summarized. This holistic review offers insight that may guide future research directions for exosomes and potentially pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions in the management of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghui Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
- HuanKui Academy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hongxin Shu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xifu Cheng
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hong Xiao
- Queen Marry College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhenhua Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Nan Yao
- Queen Marry College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shengxun Mao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Zong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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13
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Chen Y, Zhang YH, Li J, Shi L, Xie JC, Han X, Chen YT, Xiang M, Li BW, Xing HR, Wang JY. Novel lncRNA Gm33149 modulates metastatic heterogeneity in melanoma by regulating the miR-5623-3p/Wnt axis via exosomal transfer. Cancer Gene Ther 2024; 31:364-375. [PMID: 38072970 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00707-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The high mortality rate associated with melanoma primarily results from metastasis and recurrence. However, the precise mechanisms driving these processes remain poorly understood. Intercellular communication between cancer cells and non-cancer cells significantly influences the tumor microenvironment and plays a crucial role in metastasis. Therefore, our current study aims to investigate the role and mechanism of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in regulating the interaction between melanoma cancer stem cells (CSCs) and non-CSCs during the metastatic colonization process. This study has characterized a novel lncRNA called Gm33149. Importantly, we provide evidence for the first time that Gm33149, originating from highly metastatic melanoma stem cells (OL-SD), can be packaged into exosomes and transferred to low-metastatic nonstem cells (OL). Once internalized by OL cells, Gm33149 exerts its function through a competitive endogenous RNA mechanism (ceRNA) involving miR-5623-3p. Specifically, Gm33149 competitively binds to miR-5623-3p, thereby activating the Wnt signaling pathway and promoting the acquisition of a more aggressive metastatic phenotype by OL cells. In summary, our findings suggest that targeting lncRNA Gm33149 within extracellular vesicles could potentially serve as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma. Schematic representation of the mechanisms underlying the pro-metastatic activity of lncRNA Gm33149 mediated by exosomal transfer. The figure illustrates the key mechanisms involved in the pro-metastatic activity of lncRNA Gm33149 through exosomal transfer. Melanoma stem cells (OLSD) release exosomes containing lncRNA Gm33149. These exosomes are taken up by non-stem melanoma cells (OL), delivering lncRNA Gm33149 to the recipient cells. Within OL cells, lncRNA Gm33149 functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), sequestering miR-5623-3p. This sequestration prevents miR-5623-3p from binding to its target genes, thereby activating the Wnt signaling pathway. The activated Wnt signaling pathway enhances the migration, invasion, and metastatic colonization capabilities of OL cells. The transfer of lncRNA Gm33149 via exosomes contributes to OL cells acquiring "metastatic competency" while promoting their metastatic colonization. These findings underscore the importance of lncRNA Gm33149 in intercellular communication and the metastatic progression of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yu-Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jie Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jia-Cheng Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xue Han
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Meng Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Bo-Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - H Rosie Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Jian-Yu Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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14
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Xu K, Fu A, Li Z, Miao L, Lou Z, Jiang K, Lau C, Su T, Tong T, Bao J, Lyu A, Kwan HY. Elevated extracellular matrix protein 1 in circulating extracellular vesicles supports breast cancer progression under obesity conditions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1685. [PMID: 38402239 PMCID: PMC10894219 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45995-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The cargo content in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) changes under pathological conditions. Our data shows that in obesity, extracellular matrix protein 1 (ECM1) protein levels are significantly increased in circulating sEVs, which is dependent on integrin-β2. Knockdown of integrin-β2 does not affect cellular ECM1 protein levels but significantly reduces ECM1 protein levels in the sEVs released by these cells. In breast cancer (BC), overexpressing ECM1 increases matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and S100A/B protein levels. Interestingly, sEVs purified from high-fat diet-induced obesity mice (D-sEVs) deliver more ECM1 protein to BC cells compared to sEVs from control diet-fed mice. Consequently, BC cells secrete more ECM1 protein, which promotes cancer cell invasion and migration. D-sEVs treatment also significantly enhances ECM1-mediated BC metastasis and growth in mouse models, as evidenced by the elevated tumor levels of MMP3 and S100A/B. Our study reveals a mechanism and suggests sEV-based strategies for treating obesity-associated BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyang Xu
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ai Fu
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyi Li
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangbin Miao
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghan Lou
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Keying Jiang
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Condon Lau
- Department of Physics, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Su
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiejun Tong
- Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianfeng Bao
- Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Aiping Lyu
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Hiu Yee Kwan
- Centre for Cancer & Inflammation Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Systems Medicine and Health Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
- Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen, China.
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15
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Zhang C, Qin C, Dewanjee S, Bhattacharya H, Chakraborty P, Jha NK, Gangopadhyay M, Jha SK, Liu Q. Tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles in cancer invasion and metastasis: molecular mechanisms, and clinical significance. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:18. [PMID: 38243280 PMCID: PMC10797874 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-01932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The production and release of tumor-derived small extracellular vesicles (TDSEVs) from cancerous cells play a pivotal role in the propagation of cancer, through genetic and biological communication with healthy cells. TDSEVs are known to orchestrate the invasion-metastasis cascade via diverse pathways. Regulation of early metastasis processes, pre-metastatic niche formation, immune system regulation, angiogenesis initiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, immune modulation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are among the pathways regulated by TDSEVs. MicroRNAs (miRs) carried within TDSEVs play a pivotal role as a double-edged sword and can either promote metastasis or inhibit cancer progression. TDSEVs can serve as excellent markers for early detection of tumors, and tumor metastases. From a therapeutic point of view, the risk of cancer metastasis may be reduced by limiting the production of TDSEVs from tumor cells. On the other hand, TDSEVs represent a promising approach for in vivo delivery of therapeutic cargo to tumor cells. The present review article discusses the recent developments and the current views of TDSEVs in the field of cancer research and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Chaoying Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India.
| | - Hiranmoy Bhattacharya
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Centre of Research Impact and Outreach, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Moumita Gangopadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Barasat, Kolkata, 700126, West Bengal, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Zoology, Kalindi College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi, 110008, India.
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- The Institute of Skull Base Surgery and Neuro-Oncology at Hunan Province, Changsha, 410008, China.
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16
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He S, Su L, Hu H, Liu H, Xiong J, Gong X, Chi H, Wu Q, Yang G. Immunoregulatory functions and therapeutic potential of natural killer cell-derived extracellular vesicles in chronic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1328094. [PMID: 38239346 PMCID: PMC10795180 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1328094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been proven to play a significant immunoregulatory role in many chronic diseases, such as cancer and immune disorders. Among them, EVs derived from NK cells are an essential component of the immune cell functions. These EVs have been demonstrated to carry a variety of toxic proteins and nucleic acids derived from NK cells and play a therapeutic role in diseases like malignancies, liver fibrosis, and lung injury. However, natural NK-derived EVs (NKEVs) have certain limitations in disease treatment, such as low yield and poor targeting. Concurrently, NK cells exhibit characteristics of memory-like NK cells, which have stronger proliferative capacity, increased IFN-γ production, and enhanced cytotoxicity, making them more advantageous for disease treatment. Recent research has shifted its focus towards engineered extracellular vesicles and their potential to improve the efficiency, specificity, and safety of disease treatments. In this review, we will discuss the characteristics of NK-derived EVs and the latest advancements in disease therapy. Specifically, we will compare different cellular sources of NKEVs and explore the current status and prospects of memory-like NK cell-derived EVs and engineered NKEVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang He
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Lanqian Su
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Haiqi Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jingwen Xiong
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiangjin Gong
- Department of Sports Rehabilitation, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hao Chi
- Clinical Medical College, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qibiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, Macao SAR, China
| | - Guanhu Yang
- Department of Specialty Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
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17
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Wang Y, Jie H, Ye H, Zhang Y, Li N, Zhuang J. Methylene Blue-Stained Single-Stranded DNA Aptamers as a Highly Efficient Electronic Switch for Quasi-Reagentless Exosomes Detection: An Old Dog with New Tricks. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18166-18173. [PMID: 38037816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Improving the convenience, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness of electrochemical biosensors is crucial for advancing their clinical diagnostic applications. Herein, we presented an elegant approach to construct electrochemical aptasensors for tumor-derived exosome detection by harnessing the alterable interaction between methylene blue (MB) and DNA aptamer. In detail, the anti-EpCAM aptamer, named SYL3C, was found to exhibit a strong affinity toward MB due to the specific interaction between MB and unbound guanine bases. Thereby, SYL3C could be stained with MB to arouse a strong electrochemical signal on a gold electrode (AuE). Upon binding to EpCAM-positive exosomes, SYL3C underwent a conformational transformation. The resulting conformation, or exosomes-SYL3C complex, not only reduced the accumulation of MB on SYL3C by obstructing the accessibility of guanines to MB but also impeded the transfer of electrons from the bound MB to AuE, leading to a notable decrease in the electrochemical signal. Using MB-stained SYL3C as an electronic switch, an electrochemical aptasensor was readily established for the detection of EpCAM-positive exosome detection. Without the need for signal amplification strategies, expensive auxiliary reagents, and complex operation, this unique signal transduction mechanism alone could endow the aptasensor with ultrahigh sensitivity. A limit of detection (LOD) of 234 particles mL-1 was achieved, surpassing the performance of most reported methods. As a proof of concept, the aptasensor was applied to analyze clinical serum samples and effectively distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from healthy individuals. As EpCAM exhibits broad expression in exosomes derived from different tumor sources, the developed aptasensor holds promise for diagnosing other tumor types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wang
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Han Jie
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Huajuan Ye
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Ning Li
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
| | - Junyang Zhuang
- The Higher Educational Key Laboratory for Nano Biomedical Technology of Fujian Province, School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Drug Target Discovery and Structural and Functional Research, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, China
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18
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Lin YH. The effects of intracellular and exosomal ncRNAs on cancer progression. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1587-1597. [PMID: 37884579 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00679-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Altered gene expression as well as mislocalization of a gene's encoded product (proteins or noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs)) can lead to disease and cancer formation. Multiple studies have indicated that exosomes and their contents act as cell-to-cell communicators and play a key role in cancer progression. Moreover, exosomes contain several functional molecules, including ncRNAs. NcRNAs function as master regulators to coordinate cell growth, cell motility and drug resistance. However, intracellular ncRNAs, which can be transferred to recipient cells via exosomes (exosomal ncRNAs), mediate common/distinct downstream molecules, signaling pathways and functions that are less emphasized concepts in cancer development research. In this study, by using exosomes as a model, we comprehensively discuss the current knowledge regarding (1) the functional role of ncRNAs, both their intracellular and exosomal forms, in cancer progression, (2) the possible mechanism of ncRNA incorporation into exosomes and (3) the therapeutic applications and limitations of exosomes based on current knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hsiang Lin
- Liver Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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19
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Barone A, Zimbo AM, d'Avanzo N, Tolomeo AM, Ruga S, Cardamone A, Celia C, Scalise M, Torella D, La Deda M, Iaccino E, Paolino D. Thermoresponsive M1 macrophage-derived hybrid nanovesicles for improved in vivo tumor targeting. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:3154-3168. [PMID: 37365403 PMCID: PMC10624726 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01378-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the efforts and advances done in the last few decades, cancer still remains one of the main leading causes of death worldwide. Nanomedicine and in particular extracellular vesicles are one of the most potent tools to improve the effectiveness of anticancer therapies. In these attempts, the aim of this work is to realize a hybrid nanosystem through the fusion between the M1 macrophages-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs-M1) and thermoresponsive liposomes, in order to obtain a drug delivery system able to exploit the intrinsic tumor targeting capability of immune cells reflected on EVs and thermoresponsiveness of synthetic nanovesicles. The obtained nanocarrier has been physicochemically characterized, and the hybridization process has been validated by cytofluorimetric analysis, while the thermoresponsiveness was in vitro confirmed through the use of a fluorescent probe. Tumor targeting features of hybrid nanovesicles were in vivo investigated on melanoma-induced mice model monitoring the accumulation in tumor site through live imaging and confirmed by cytofluorimetric analysis, showing higher targeting properties of hybrid nanosystem compared to both liposomes and native EVs. These promising results confirmed the ability of this nanosystem to combine the advantages of both nanotechnologies, also highlighting their potential use as effective and safe personalized anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Barone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Zimbo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola d'Avanzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Tolomeo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Science and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruga
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food, Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonio Cardamone
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Institute of Research for Food, Safety and Health IRC-FSH, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Christian Celia
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chieti - Pescara "G. d'Annunzio", 66100, Chieti, Italy
- Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickeviciaus G. 9, 44307, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Mariangela Scalise
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniele Torella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo La Deda
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
- CNR-NANOTEC, Institute of Nanotechnology U.O.S, 87036, Cosenza, Rende, Italy
| | - Enrico Iaccino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Donatella Paolino
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro Campus Universitario-Germaneto, Viale Europa, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
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20
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Repetto O, Vettori R, Steffan A, Cannizzaro R, De Re V. Circulating Proteins as Diagnostic Markers in Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16931. [PMID: 38069253 PMCID: PMC10706891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly malignant disease affecting humans worldwide and has a poor prognosis. Most GC cases are detected at advanced stages due to the cancer lacking early detectable symptoms. Therefore, there is great interest in improving early diagnosis by implementing targeted prevention strategies. Markers are necessary for early detection and to guide clinicians to the best personalized treatment. The current semi-invasive endoscopic methods to detect GC are invasive, costly, and time-consuming. Recent advances in proteomics technologies have enabled the screening of many samples and the detection of novel biomarkers and disease-related signature signaling networks. These biomarkers include circulating proteins from different fluids (e.g., plasma, serum, urine, and saliva) and extracellular vesicles. We review relevant published studies on circulating protein biomarkers in GC and detail their application as potential biomarkers for GC diagnosis. Identifying highly sensitive and highly specific diagnostic markers for GC may improve patient survival rates and contribute to advancing precision/personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Repetto
- Facility of Bio-Proteomics, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettori
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (R.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Agostino Steffan
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (R.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Renato Cannizzaro
- Oncological Gastroenterology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy;
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valli De Re
- Facility of Bio-Proteomics, Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), National Cancer Institute, IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy
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21
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Huang L, Wu E, Liao J, Wei Z, Wang J, Chen Z. Research Advances of Engineered Exosomes as Drug Delivery Carrier. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43374-43387. [PMID: 38027310 PMCID: PMC10666244 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by living cells that have similar membrane composition to parental cells and carry a variety of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Therefore, exosomes have certain biological activities and play an important role in intercellular communication. On the basis of its potential as a carrier for drug delivery systems, exosomes have been engineered to compensate for the shortage of natural exosomes through various engineering strategies for improving drug delivery efficiency, enhancing targeting to tissues and organs, and extending the circulating half-life of exosomes. This review focuses on the engineered exosomes loading drugs through different strategies, discussions on exosome surface modification strategies, and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of different strategies. In addition, this review provides an overview of the recent applications of engineered exosomes in a number of refractory and relapsable diseases. This review has the potential to provide a reference for further research and development of engineered exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghui Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Enguang Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Liao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Wei
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of
Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, P. R. China
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22
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Ning XY, Ma JH, He W, Ma JT. Role of exosomes in metastasis and therapeutic resistance in esophageal cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5699-5715. [PMID: 38075847 PMCID: PMC10701334 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i42.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) has a high incidence and mortality rate and is emerging as one of the most common health problems globally. Owing to the lack of sensitive detection methods, uncontrollable rapid metastasis, and pervasive treatment resistance, EC is often diagnosed in advanced stages and is susceptible to local recurrence. Exosomes are important components of intercellular communication and the exosome-mediated crosstalk between the cancer and surrounding cells within the tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the metastasis, progression, and therapeutic resistance of EC. Considering the critical role of exosomes in tumor pathogenesis, this review focused on elucidating the impact of exosomes on EC metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Here, we summarized the relevant signaling pathways involved in these processes. In addition, we discussed the potential clinical applications of exosomes for the early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Yu Ning
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jin-Hu Ma
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Wei He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jun-Ting Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui Province, China
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23
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Huang L, Dong G, Peng J, Li T, Zou M, Hu K, Shu Y, Cheng T, Hao L. The role of exosomes and their enhancement strategies in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1887-1900. [PMID: 37603220 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00970-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
With the increasingly prominent problem of population aging, osteoarthritis (OA), which is closely related to aging, has become a serious illness affecting the lives and health of elderly individuals. However, effective treatments are still lacking. OA is typically considered a low-grade inflammatory state. The inflammatory infiltration of macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and other cells is common in diseased joints. These cells create the inflammatory environment of OA and are involved in the onset and progression of the disease. Exosomes, a type of complex vesicle containing abundant RNA molecules and proteins, play a crucial role in the physiological and pathological processes of an organism. In comparison to other therapeutic methods such as stem cells, exosomes have distinct advantages of precise targeting and low immunogenicity. Moreover, research and techniques related to exosomes are more mature, indicating a promising future in disease treatment. Many studies have shown that the impact of exosomes on the inflammatory microenvironment directly or indirectly leads to the occurrence of various diseases. Furthermore, exosomes can be helpful in the management of illnesses. This article provides a comprehensive review and update on the research of exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicle, in the treatment of OA by modulating the inflammatory microenvironment. It also combines innovative studies on the modification of exosomes. In general, the application of exosomes in the treatment of OA has been validated, and the introduction of modified exosome technology holds potential for enhancing its therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzhen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ge Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Mi Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Kaibo Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Yuan Shu
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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24
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Torasawa M, Horinouchi H, Yagishita S, Utsumi H, Okuda K, Takekoshi D, Ito S, Wakui H, Murata S, Kaku S, Okuma K, Matsumoto Y, Shinno Y, Okuma Y, Yoshida T, Goto Y, Yamamoto N, Araya J, Ohe Y, Fujita Y. Exploratory analysis to predict pneumonitis during durvalumab consolidation therapy for patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer from proteomic profiling of circulating extracellular vesicles. Thorac Cancer 2023; 14:2909-2923. [PMID: 37614219 PMCID: PMC10569905 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk factors for predicting pneumonitis during durvalumab consolidation after chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) are still lacking. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a crucial role in intercellular communication and are potential diagnostic tools for various diseases. METHODS We retrospectively collected predurvalumab treatment serum samples from patients treated with durvalumab for LA-NSCLC, isolated EVs using anti-CD9 and anti-CD63 antibodies, and performed proteomic analyses. We examined EV proteins that could predict the development of symptomatic pneumonitis (SP) during durvalumab treatment. Potential EV-protein biomarkers were validated in an independent cohort. RESULTS In the discovery cohort, 73 patients were included, 49 with asymptomatic pneumonitis (AP) and 24 with SP. Of the 5797 proteins detected in circulating EVs, 33 were significantly elevated (fold change [FC] > 1.5, p < 0.05) in the SP group, indicating enrichment of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Patients with high levels of EV-RELA, an NF-κB subunit, had a higher incidence of SP than those with low levels of EV-RELA (53.8% vs. 13.4%, p = 0.0017). In the receiver operating characteristic analysis, EV-RELA demonstrated a higher area under the curve (AUC) than lung V20 (0.76 vs. 0.62) and was identified as an independent risk factor in the multivariate logistic regression analysis (p = 0.008, odds ratio 7.72). Moreover, high EV-RELA was also a predictor of SP in the validation cohort comprising 43 patients (AUC of 0.80). CONCLUSIONS Circulating EV-RELA may be a predictive marker for symptomatic pneumonitis in patients with LA-NSCLC treated with durvalumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Torasawa
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Respiratory MedicineJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | | | - Shigehiro Yagishita
- Division of Molecular PharmacologyNational Cancer Center Research InstituteTokyoJapan
| | - Hirofumi Utsumi
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Keitaro Okuda
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Daisuke Takekoshi
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Saburo Ito
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroshi Wakui
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Saori Murata
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Sawako Kaku
- Department of Diagnostic RadiologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Kae Okuma
- Department of Radiation OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yuji Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yuki Shinno
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yusuke Okuma
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Experimental TherapeuticsNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yasushi Goto
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
- Department of Experimental TherapeuticsNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Jun Araya
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuichiro Ohe
- Department of Thoracic OncologyNational Cancer Center HospitalTokyoJapan
| | - Yu Fujita
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal MedicineThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
- Division of Next‐Generation Drug Development Research, Research Center for Medical SciencesThe Jikei University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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25
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Xu X, Xu L, Wen C, Xia J, Zhang Y, Liang Y. Programming assembly of biomimetic exosomes: An emerging theranostic nanomedicine platform. Mater Today Bio 2023; 22:100760. [PMID: 37636982 PMCID: PMC10450992 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes have emerged as a promising cell-free therapeutic approach. However, challenges in large-scale production, quality control, and heterogeneity must be overcome before they can be used clinically. Biomimetic exosomes containing key components of natural exosomes have been assembled through extrusion, artificial synthesis, and liposome fusion to address these limitations. These exosome-mimetics (EMs) possess similar morphology and function but provide higher yields, faster large-scale production, and similar size compared to conventional exosomes. This article provides an overview of the chemical and biological properties of various synthetic exosome systems, including nanovesicles (NVs), EMs, and hybrid exosomes. We highlight recent advances in the production and applications of nanobiotechnology and discuss the advantages, limitations, and potential clinical applications of programming assembly of exosome mimetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China
| | - Limei Xu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China
| | - Caining Wen
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuanmin Zhang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China
- Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272029, China
- Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272067, China
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26
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Zhai C, Long J, He J, Zheng Y, Wang B, Xu J, Yang Y, Jiang L, Yu H, Ding X. Precise Identification and Profiling of Surface Proteins of Ultra Rare Tumor Specific Extracellular Vesicle with Dynamic Quantitative Plasmonic Imaging. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16656-16667. [PMID: 37638659 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Specific detection of tumor-derived EVs (tEVs) in plasma is complicated by nontumor EVs and non-EV particles. To accurately identify tEVs and profile their surface protein expression at single tEV resolution directly with clinical plasma is still an unmet need. Here, we present a Dynamic Immunoassay for Single tEV surface protein Profiling (DISEP), a kinetic assay based on surface plasmon resonance microscopy (SPRM) for specific single tEV profiling. DISEP adopts a pair of low-affinity oligonucleotide probes to respectively label EV surface proteins and functionalize an SPRM biosensor interface. tEVs labeled with the oligonucleotide probes possess distinctive binding kinetics from nonspecific particles in plasma, which permits accurate digital plasmonic counting of single EVs. We demonstrate DISEP for recognizing target EVs among 350-fold background plasma particles with high sensitivity (4677 EVs per μL). Clinical plasma samples were analyzed to discriminate between pancreatic cancer patients (n = 40) and healthy donors (n = 45). With a panel of biomarker signatures (EpCAM, HER2, and GPC1), DISEP only requires 10 μL primary sample from each donor to classify tumor patients with an area under the curve of 0.98. DISEP provides a highly specific EV detection and surface protein profiling strategy for early cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Zhai
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Long
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, People's Republic of China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianting Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China
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27
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Deng J, Pan T, Lv C, Cao L, Li L, Zhou X, Li G, Li H, Vicencio JM, Xu Y, Wei F, Wang Y, Liu Z, Zhou G, Yin M. Exosomal transfer leads to chemoresistance through oxidative phosphorylation-mediated stemness phenotype in colorectal cancer. Theranostics 2023; 13:5057-5074. [PMID: 37771767 PMCID: PMC10526671 DOI: 10.7150/thno.84937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Recently years have seen the increasing evidence identifying that OXPHOS is involved in different processes of tumor progression and metastasis and has been proposed to be a potential therapeutical target for cancer treatment. However, the exploration in oxidative phosphorylation-mediated chemoresistance is still scarce. In our study, we identify exosomal transfer leads to chemoresistance by reprogramming metabolic phenotype in recipient cells. Methods: RNA sequencing analysis was used to screen altered targets mediating exosome transfer-induced chemoresistance. Seahorse assay allowed us to measure mitochondrial respiration. Stemness was measured by spheroids formation assay. Serum exosomes were isolated for circ_0001610 quantification. Results: The induced oxidative phosphorylation leads to more stem-like properties, which is dependent on the transfer of exosomal circ_0001610. Exosome transfer results in the removal of miR-30e-5p-mediated suppression of PGC-1a, a master of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Consequently, increased PGC-1a reshapes cellular metabolism towards oxidative phosphorylation, leading to chemoresistance. Inhibition of OXPHOS or exosomal si-circ_0001610 increases the sensitivity of chemotherapy by decreasing cell stemness in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: Our data suggests that exosomal circ_0001610-induced OXPHOS plays an important role in chemoresistance and supports a therapeutical potential of circ_0001610 inhibitors in the treatment of oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer by manipulating cell stemness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Deng
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
- Hunan Zixing Intelligent Medical Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha 410221, China
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Teng Pan
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Chunxin Lv
- Oncology Department, Punan Hospital of Pudong New District, Shanghai 200125, China
| | - Lulu Cao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Internet Medical and System Applications of National Engineering Laboratory, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huanxin Li
- Department of Chemistry, Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jose M Vicencio
- Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Yihan Xu
- Richard Dimbleby Laboratory of Cancer Research, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Fengxiang Wei
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yazhou Wang
- Chongqing University Medical School, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zaoqu Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guanglin Zhou
- Longgang District Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City (Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Mingzhu Yin
- Clinical Research Center (CRC), Medical Pathology Center (MPC), Cancer Early Detection and Treatment Center (CEDTC), Translational Medicine Research Center (TMRC), Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing University, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
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28
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Yin T, Xu L, Gil B, Merali N, Sokolikova MS, Gaboriau DCA, Liu DSK, Muhammad Mustafa AN, Alodan S, Chen M, Txoperena O, Arrastua M, Gomez JM, Ontoso N, Elicegui M, Torres E, Li D, Mattevi C, Frampton AE, Jiao LR, Ramadan S, Klein N. Graphene Sensor Arrays for Rapid and Accurate Detection of Pancreatic Cancer Exosomes in Patients' Blood Plasma Samples. ACS NANO 2023; 17:14619-14631. [PMID: 37470391 PMCID: PMC10416564 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors based on graphene field effect transistors (GFETs) have the potential to enable the development of point-of-care diagnostic tools for early stage disease detection. However, issues with reproducibility and manufacturing yields of graphene sensors, but also with Debye screening and unwanted detection of nonspecific species, have prevented the wider clinical use of graphene technology. Here, we demonstrate that our wafer-scalable GFETs array platform enables meaningful clinical results. As a case study of high clinical relevance, we demonstrate an accurate and robust portable GFET array biosensor platform for the detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in patients' plasma through specific exosomes (GPC-1 expression) within 45 min. In order to facilitate reproducible detection in blood plasma, we optimized the analytical performance of GFET biosensors via the application of an internal control channel and the development of an optimized test protocol. Based on samples from 18 PDAC patients and 8 healthy controls, the GFET biosensor arrays could accurately discriminate between the two groups while being able to detect early cancer stages including stages 1 and 2. Furthermore, we confirmed the higher expression of GPC-1 and found that the concentration in PDAC plasma was on average more than 1 order of magnitude higher than in healthy samples. We found that these characteristics of GPC-1 cancerous exosomes are responsible for an increase in the number of target exosomes on the surface of graphene, leading to an improved signal response of the GFET biosensors. This GFET biosensor platform holds great promise for the development of an accurate tool for the rapid diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yin
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Lizhou Xu
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- ZJU-Hangzhou
Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Bruno Gil
- Hamlyn
Centre, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Nabeel Merali
- Oncology
Section, Surrey Cancer Research Institute, Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University
of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, U.K.
- Minimal Access
Therapy Training Unit (MATTU), University
of Surrey, The Leggett
Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
| | | | - David C. A. Gaboriau
- Facility
for Imaging By Light Microscopy, Imperial
College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Daniel S. K. Liu
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith
Hospital, London W12 0HS, U.K.
| | - Ahmad Nizamuddin Muhammad Mustafa
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- FTKEE,
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100 Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Alodan
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Michael Chen
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Oihana Txoperena
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - María Arrastua
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Gomez
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Nerea Ontoso
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Marta Elicegui
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Elias Torres
- Graphenea Semiconductor, Paseo Mikeletegi 83, San Sebastián ES 20009, Spain
| | - Danyang Li
- Research
Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Cecilia Mattevi
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Adam E. Frampton
- Oncology
Section, Surrey Cancer Research Institute, Department of Clinical
and Experimental Medicine, FHMS, University
of Surrey, The Leggett Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- HPB
Surgical Unit, Royal Surrey NHS Foundation Trust, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XX, U.K.
- Minimal Access
Therapy Training Unit (MATTU), University
of Surrey, The Leggett
Building, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford GU2 7WG, U.K.
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Long R. Jiao
- Department
of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College
London, Hammersmith Hospital
Campus, London W12 0NN, U.K.
| | - Sami Ramadan
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
| | - Norbert Klein
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
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29
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Wang X, Dong FL, Wang YQ, Wei HL, Li T, Li J. Exosomal circTGFBR2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via enhancing ATG5 mediated protective autophagy. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:451. [PMID: 37474520 PMCID: PMC10359294 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05989-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes contribute substantially to the communication between tumor cells and normal cells. Benefiting from the stable structure, circular RNAs (circRNAs) are believed to serve an important function in exosome-mediated intercellular communication. Here, we focused on circRNAs enriched in starvation-stressed hepatocytic exosomes and further investigated their function and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Differentially expressed circRNAs in exosomes were identified by RNA sequencing, and circTGFBR2 was identified and chosen for further study. The molecular mechanism of circTGFBR2 in HCC was demonstrated by RNA pulldown, RIP, dual-luciferase reporter assays, rescue experiments and tumor xenograft assay both in vitro and vivo. We confirmed exosomes with enriched circTGFBR2 led to an upregulated resistance of HCC cells to starvation stress. Mechanistically, circTGFBR2 delivered into HCC cells via exosomes serves as a competing endogenous RNA by binding miR-205-5p to facilitate ATG5 expression and enhance autophagy in HCC cells, resulting in resistance to starvation. Thus, we revealed that circTGFBR2 is a novel tumor promoter circRNA in hepatocytic exosomes and promotes HCC progression by enhancing ATG5-mediated protective autophagy via the circTGFBR2/miR-205-5p/ATG5 axis, which may be a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Feng-Lin Dong
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, China
| | - Ying-Qiao Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Hong-Long Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
| | - Jie Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
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30
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Rong W, Shao S, Pu Y, Ji Q, Zhu H. Circulating extracellular vesicle-derived MARCKSL1 is a potential diagnostic non-invasive biomarker in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9957. [PMID: 37340044 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicle-derived proteins are closely related to colorectal cancer metastasis, and early detection and diagnosis of colorectal cancer metastasis is very important to improve the prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the clinical significance of plasma EV-derived MARCKSL1 in differentiating patients with metastatic and nonmetastatic CRC. This study included 78 patients, including 40 patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer, 38 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, and 15 healthy volunteers. The extracellular vesicles extracted from the participants' plasma were characterized through transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. MARCKSL1 protein expression in the EVs was detected by ELISA, and the diagnostic efficacy of MARCKSL1 alone or in combination with CA125 and lymphocyte levels was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Pearson's correlation test was performed to detect the correlation between MARCKSL1, CA125, lymphocyte level and clinicopathological characteristics of tumors. The present study demonstrated that the level of circulating EV-derived MARCKSL1 in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer was significantly higher than that in patients with nonmetastatic colorectal cancer and healthy people. Combined with CA125 and lymphocyte levels, the best diagnostic effect was achieved, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.7480. Together, our findings indicated that circulating EV-derived MARCKSL1 could be used as a new potential diagnostic biomarker for metastatic CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Rong
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Shiyun Shao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yunzhou Pu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qing Ji
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Huirong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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31
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Li G, He L, Huang J, Liu J, Chen W, Zhong J, Wei T, Li Z, Zhu J, Lei J. miR-142-3p encapsulated in T lymphocyte-derived tissue small extracellular vesicles induces Treg function defect and thyrocyte destruction in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. BMC Med 2023; 21:206. [PMID: 37280674 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02914-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocyte infiltration that destroys thyrocyte cells. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the role and mechanisms of tissue small extracellular vesicle (sEV) microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis of HT. METHODS Differentially expressed tissue sEV miRNAs were identified between HT tissue and normal tissue by RNA sequencing in the testing set (n = 20). Subsequently, using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) assays and logistic regression analysis in the validation set (n = 60), the most relevant tissue sEV miRNAs to HT were verified. The parental and recipient cells of that tissue sEV miRNA were then explored. In vitro and in vivo experiments were further performed to elucidate the function and potential mechanisms of sEV miRNAs that contribute to the development of HT. RESULTS We identified that miR-142-3p encapsulated in T lymphocyte-derived tissue sEVs can induce Treg function defect and thyrocyte destruction through an intact response loop. Inactivation of miR-142-3p can effectively protect non-obese diabetic (NOD).H-2h4 mice from HT development display reduced lymphocyte infiltration, lower antibody titers, and higher Treg cells. Looking at the mechanisms underlying sEV action on thyrocyte destruction, we found that the strong deleterious effect mediated by tissue sEV miR-142-3p is due to its ability to block the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway by downregulating RAC1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings highlight the fact that tissue sEV-mediated miR-142-3p transfer can serve as a communication mode between T lymphocytes and thyrocyte cells in HT, favoring the progression of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genpeng Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Linye He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiaye Liu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wenjie Chen
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- The Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jinjing Zhong
- Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingqiang Zhu
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianyong Lei
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Rao DY, Huang DF, Si MY, Lu H, Tang ZX, Zhang ZX. Role of exosomes in non-small cell lung cancer and EGFR-mutated lung cancer. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1142539. [PMID: 37122754 PMCID: PMC10130367 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1142539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As an important mediator of information transfer between cells, exosomes play a unique role in regulating tumor growth, supporting vascular proliferation, tumor invasion, and metastasis. Exosomes are widely present in various body fluids, and therefore they can be used as a potential tool for non-invasive liquid biopsy. The present study reviews the role of exosomes in liquid biopsy, tumor microenvironment formation, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). By targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy as a first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC, this study also briefly describes the occurrence of EGRF+ exosomes and the role of exosomes and their contents in non-invasive detection and potential therapeutic targets in EGFR-mutated lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Yu Rao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - De-Fa Huang
- Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Mao-Yan Si
- The First Clinical College, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Hua Lu
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Xian Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Xian Tang, ; Zu-Xiong Zhang,
| | - Zu-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
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Haque E, Esmail A, Muhsen I, Salah H, Abdelrahim M. Recent Trends and Advancements in the Diagnosis and Management of Gastric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5615. [PMID: 36428707 PMCID: PMC9688354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is an enigmatic malignancy that has recently been shown to be increasing in incidence globally. There has been recent progress in emerging technologies for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Improvements in non-invasive diagnostic techniques with serological tests and biomarkers have led to decreased use of invasive procedures such as endoscopy. A multidisciplinary approach is used to treat gastric cancer, with recent significant advancements in systemic therapies used in combination with cytotoxic chemotherapies. New therapeutic targets have been identified and clinical trials are taking place to assess their efficacy and safety. In this review, we provide an overview of the current and emerging treatment strategies and diagnostic techniques for gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emaan Haque
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Esmail
- Section of GI Oncology, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ibrahim Muhsen
- Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Haneen Salah
- Department of Pathology, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maen Abdelrahim
- Section of GI Oncology, Houston Methodist Neal Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Cockrell Center for Advanced Therapeutic Phase I Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
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34
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Exosomes as Novel Delivery Systems for Application in Traditional Chinese Medicine. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227789. [PMID: 36431890 PMCID: PMC9695524 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes, as gifts of nature derived from various cell types with a size range from ~40 to 160 nm in diameter, have gained attention recently. They are composed of a lipid membrane bilayer structure containing different constituents, such as surface ligands and receptors, from the parental cells. Originating from a variety of sources, exosomes have the ability to participate in a diverse range of biological processes, including the regulation of cellular communication. On account of their ideal native structure and characteristics, exosomes are taken into account as drug delivery systems (DDSs). They can provide profound effects on conveying therapeutic agents with great advantages, including specific targeting, high biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. Further, they can also be considered to ameliorate natural compounds, the main constituents of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which are usually ignored due to the complexity of their structures, poor stability, and unclear mechanisms of action. This review summarizes the classification of exosomes as well as the research progress on exosome-based DDSs for the treatment of different diseases in TCM. Furthermore, this review discusses the advantages and challenges faced by exosomes to contribute to their further investigation and application.
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