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Wang J, Ochiai Y, Wu N, Adachi K, Inoue D, Hashizume D, Kong D, Matsuhisa N, Yokota T, Wu Q, Ma W, Sun L, Xiong S, Du B, Wang W, Shih CJ, Tajima K, Aida T, Fukuda K, Someya T. Intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics by redistributing strain to PEDOT:PSS with enhanced stretchability and interfacial adhesion. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4902. [PMID: 38851770 PMCID: PMC11162488 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics have emerged as a prominent candidate for the next-generation wearable power generators regarding their structural design flexibility, omnidirectional stretchability, and in-plane deformability. However, formulating strategies to fabricate intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics that exhibit mechanical robustness under both repetitive strain cycles and high tensile strains remains challenging. Herein, we demonstrate high-performance intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics with an initial power conversion efficiency of 14.2%, exceptional stretchability (80% of the initial power conversion efficiency maintained at 52% tensile strain), and cyclic mechanical durability (95% of the initial power conversion efficiency retained after 100 strain cycles at 10%). The stretchability is primarily realised by delocalising and redistributing the strain in the active layer to a highly stretchable PEDOT:PSS electrode developed with a straightforward incorporation of ION E, which simultaneously enhances the stretchability of PEDOT:PSS itself and meanwhile reinforces the interfacial adhesion with the polyurethane substrate. Both enhancements are pivotal factors ensuring the excellent mechanical durability of the PEDOT:PSS electrode, which further effectively delays the crack initiation and propagation in the top active layer, and enables the limited performance degradation under high tensile strains and repetitive strain cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Yuto Ochiai
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Niannian Wu
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Adachi
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daishi Inoue
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Desheng Kong
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Naoji Matsuhisa
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokota
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Engineering Innovation, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Lulu Sun
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Sixing Xiong
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Baocai Du
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Wenqing Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Chih-Jen Shih
- Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Keisuke Tajima
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takuzo Aida
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Fukuda
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Takao Someya
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
- Thin-Film Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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Zhao XJ, Wang HL, Wang ZL, Wang J. Nanocomposite Electret Layer Improved Long-Term Stable Solid-Liquid Contact Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Water Wave Energy Harvesting. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310023. [PMID: 38161251 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
With the continuous rise of environmental pollution and energy crisis, the global energy revolution is risen. Development of renewable blue energy based on the emerging promising triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) has become an important direction of future energy development. The solid-liquid contact triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has the advantages of flexible structure, easy manufacture, and long-term stability, which makes it easier to integrate and achieve large-scale conversion of wave mechanical energy. However, the electric power output is still not large enough, which limits its practical applications. In this work, a nanocomposite electret layer enhanced solid-liquid contact triboelectric nanogenerator (E-TENG) is proposed for water wave energy harvesting, which can effectively improve the electric output and achieve real-time power supply of wireless sensing. Through introducing a nanocomposite electret layer into flexible multilayer solid-liquid contact TENG, higher power output is achieved. The E-TENG (active size of 50 mm × 49 mm) shows desired output performance, a power density of 521 mW m-2. The generated electric energy can drive wireless temperature sensing by transmitting wireless signals carrying detection information at the period of ˂5.5 min. This research greatly improves the electric output and provides a solid basis for the industrialization of TENG in blue energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Jiao Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hai Lu Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- Yonsei Frontier Lab, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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Zhang M, Yan W, Ma W, Deng Y, Song W. Self-Powered Hybrid Motion and Health Sensing System Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402452. [PMID: 38809080 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) represents an effective approach for the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy and has been explored to combine multiple technologies in past years. Self-powered sensors are not only free from the constraints of mechanical energy in the environment but also capable of efficiently harvesting ambient energy to sustain continuous operation. In this review, the remarkable development of TENG-based human body sensing achieved in recent years is presented, with a specific focus on human health sensing solutions, such as body motion and physiological signal detection. The movements originating from different parts of the body, such as body, touch, sound, and eyes, are systematically classified, and a thorough review of sensor structures and materials is conducted. Physiological signal sensors are categorized into non-implantable and implantable biomedical sensors for discussion. Suggestions for future applications of TENG-based biomedical sensors are also indicated, highlighting the associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoqin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Weiting Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Process and Technology of Materials, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuheng Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Weixing Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory Optical Materials and Photonic Devices, Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, China
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Xie Y, Deng M, Chen J, Duan Y, Zhang J, Mu D, Dong S, Luo J, Jin H, Kakio S. Rational Design of a Surface Acoustic Wave Device for Wearable Body Temperature Monitoring. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:555. [PMID: 38793128 PMCID: PMC11123163 DOI: 10.3390/mi15050555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Continuous monitoring of vital signs based on advanced sensing technologies has attracted extensive attention due to the ravages of COVID-19. A maintenance-free and low-cost passive wireless sensing system based on surface acoustic wave (SAW) device can be used to continuously monitor temperature. However, the current SAW-based passive sensing system is mostly designed at a low frequency around 433 MHz, which leads to the relatively large size of SAW devices and antenna, hindering their application in wearable devices. In this paper, SAW devices with a resonant frequency distributed in the 870 MHz to 960 MHz range are rationally designed and fabricated. Based on the finite-element method (FEM) and coupling-of-modes (COM) model, the device parameters, including interdigital transducer (IDT) pairs, aperture size, and reflector pairs, are systematically optimized, and the theoretical and experimental results show high consistency. Finally, SAW temperature sensors with a quality factor greater than 2200 are obtained for real-time temperature monitoring ranging from 20 to 50 °C. Benefitting from the higher operating frequency, the size of the sensing system can be reduced for human body temperature monitoring, showing its potential to be used as a wearable monitoring device in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudi Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Minglong Deng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jinkai Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yue Duan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of RF Circuits and Systems, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jikai Zhang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Danyu Mu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shurong Dong
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Jikui Luo
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Hao Jin
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- International Joint Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Haining 314400, China
| | - Shoji Kakio
- Integrated Graduate School of Medicine, Engineering, and Agricultural Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu 400-8511, Japan;
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Hu H. A corn leaf based-strain sensor and triboelectric nanogenerator for running monitoring and energy harvesting. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29025. [PMID: 38601652 PMCID: PMC11004563 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, advanced wearable devices with posture sensing and energy harvesting have received widespread attention. Thus, we proposed a dual-function device (energy harvesting and running posture sensing), including carbon attached corn leaf strain sensor (CC-strain sensor) and a corn leaf-based triboelectric nanogenerator (C-TENG).According to the results, the relative resistance rate (ΔR/R0) exhibits linear characteristics in the three strain regions, and its linear coefficients are all above 0.96. Besides, at low strain rates from 0.01% to 0.1%, the CC-strain sensor can reach high sensitivity for monitoring weak signals, such as expressions in dance performances. The C-TENG device can achieve mechanical energy harvesting, providing a way to power low-power portable devices. From the results, the maximum power of C-TENG can arrive at 222 μW (resistance: 100 MΩ). This research can provide a new path to integrate strain sensors and TENG devices in running monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Hu
- Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
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Zhang Q, Liu Q, Xue W, Xiang Y, Hu X. Synchronous Sound Recognition and Energy Harvesting by Flexible Piezoelectric PLLA/VB 2 Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1071. [PMID: 38674990 PMCID: PMC11053639 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In the present study, poling-free PLLA/VB2 piezoelectric composites are fabricated to achieve synchronous sound recognition and energy harvesting. The addition of VB2 can interact with PLLA by intermolecular hydrogen bonding, inducing the dipole orientation of C=O in PLLA. Meanwhile, VB2 can promote crystallization of PLLA through heterogeneous nucleation. The combination of the two strategies significantly improves the piezoelectric performance of PLLA/VB2 composites. The PLLA/VB2 can detect the sound frequency with an accuracy of 0.1% in the range of 0-20 kHz to recognize characteristic sounds from a specific source. PLLA/VB2 can also convert sound into electrical energy synchronously with an energy density of 0.2 W/cm-3 to power up LEDs. Therefore, PLLA/VB2 shows great potential in the field of information and energy synchronous collection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.)
| | - Qiang Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.)
| | - Weidong Xue
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yong Xiang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.)
- Tianfu Jiangxi Laboratory, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xiaoran Hu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China; (Q.Z.); (Q.L.); (W.X.); (Y.X.)
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Do TD, Trung TQ, Le Mong A, Huynh HQ, Lee D, Hong SJ, Vu DT, Kim M, Lee NE. Utilizing a High-Performance Piezoelectric Nanocomposite as a Self-Activating Component in Piezotronic Artificial Mechanoreceptors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38604985 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Challenges such as poor dispersion and insufficient polarization of BaTiO3 (BTO) nanoparticles (NPs) within poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) composites have hindered their piezoelectricity, limiting their uses in pressure sensors, nanogenerators, and artificial sensory synapses. Here, we introduce a high-performance piezoelectric nanocomposite material consisting of P(VDF-TrFE)/modified-BTO (mBTO) NPs for use as a self-activating component in a piezotronic artificial mechanoreceptor. To generate high-performance piezoelectric nanocomposite materials, the surface of BTO is hydroxylated, followed by the covalent attachment of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane to improve the dispersibility of mBTO NPs within the P(VDF-TrFE) matrix. We also aim to enhance the crystallization degree of P(VDF-TrFE), the efficiency characteristics of mBTO, and the poling efficiency, even when incorporating small amounts of mBTO NPs. The piezoelectric potential mechanically induced from the P(VDF-TrFE)/mBTO NPs nanocomposite was three times greater than that from P(VDF-TrFE) and twice as high as that from the P(VDF-TrFE)/BTO NPs nanocomposite. The piezoelectric potential generated by mechanical stimuli on the piezoelectric nanocomposite was utilized to activate the synaptic ionogel-gated field-effect transistor for the development of self-powered piezotronics artificial mechanoreceptors on a polyimide substrate. The device successfully emulated fast-adapting (FA) functions found in biological FA mechanoreceptors. This approach has great potential for applications to future intelligent tactile perception technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Dieu Do
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Tran Quang Trung
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Anh Le Mong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Hung Quang Huynh
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Dongsu Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Seok Ju Hong
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Dong Thuc Vu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Miso Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
| | - Nae-Eung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST) Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 16419, Korea
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Fu X, Jiang Z, Cao J, Dong Z, Liu G, Zhu M, Zhang C. A near-zero quiescent power breeze wake-up anemometer based on a rolling-bearing triboelectric nanogenerator. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:51. [PMID: 38595946 PMCID: PMC11002024 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00676-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Wind sensors have always played an irreplaceable role in environmental information monitoring and are expected to operate with lower power consumption to extend service lifetime. Here, we propose a breeze wake-up anemometer (B-WA) based on a rolling-bearing triboelectric nanogenerator (RB-TENG) with extremely low static power. The B-WA consists of two RB-TENGs, a self-waking-up module (SWM), a signal processing module (SPM), and a wireless transmission unit. The two RB-TENGs are employed for system activation and wind-speed sensing. Once the ambient wind-speed exceeds 2 m/s, the wake TENG (W-TENG) and the SWM can wake up the system within 0.96 s. At the same time, the SPM starts to calculate the signal frequency from the measured TENG (M-TENG) to monitor the wind speed with a sensitivity of 9.45 Hz/(m/s). After the wind stops, the SWM can switch off the B-WA within 0.52 s to decrease the system energy loss. In quiescent on-duty mode, the operating power of the B-WA is less than 30 nW, which can greatly extend the service lifetime of the B-WA. By integrating triboelectric devices and rolling bearings, this work has realized an ultralow quiescent power and self-waked-up wireless wind-speed monitoring system, which has foreseeable applications in remote weather monitoring, IoT nodes, and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianpeng Fu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems Integration, School of Physical Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
| | - Jie Cao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
- Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013 China
| | - Zefang Dong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Guoxu Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Science, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX44QF UK
| | - Chi Zhang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400 China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Blue Energy and Systems Integration, School of Physical Science & Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004 China
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Shi X, Si W, Zhu J, Zhang S. Boosting the Electrical Performance of PLA-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerators for Sustainable Power Sources and Self-Powered Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307620. [PMID: 38009487 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a promising technology for harvesting mechanical energy from the ambient environment. However, developing tribopositive materials with strong piezoelectric effects and high electron-donating ability still remains a challenge. Herein, poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (mPEG) to soft poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is adopted, then PLA/mPEG nanofibers are fabricated under electrospinning and used as the tribopositive material for fabricating robust power density TENGs. The crystallinity and dynamic mechanical properties of PLA/mPEG nanofibers are investigated. The results revealed that the incorporation of mPEG provided an effective approach to elevate the electron-donating ability and charge transfer efficiency in PLA. The PLA/mPEG-based TENGs achieved a high open-circuit voltage of 342.8 V, a short-circuit current of 38.5 µA, and a maximum power density of 116.21 W m-2 over a 2 cm2 contact area at an external load of 106 Ω, respectively. Strikingly, excellent stability and durability are demonstrated after continuous cycles up to 104 cycles. Noteworthy, the TENGs are explored for self-powered sensing applications, with seven TENG units integrated to act as self-powered sensors playing music through buzzers when pressed by fingers. Eventually, this work provides new insights into tuning the structures and properties of electrospun polymers to reinforce the TENG output and self-powered systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Shi
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518033, China
- Institute of Emergent Elastomers, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Wanjie Si
- Institute of Emergent Elastomers, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Institute of Emergent Elastomers, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
| | - Shuidong Zhang
- Institute of Emergent Elastomers, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510640, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Technique and Equipment for Macromolecular Advanced Manufacturing, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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10
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Farzin MA, Naghib SM, Rabiee N. Advancements in Bio-inspired Self-Powered Wireless Sensors: Materials, Mechanisms, and Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1262-1301. [PMID: 38376103 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The rapid maturation of smart city ecosystems is intimately linked to advances in the Internet of Things (IoT) and self-powered sensing technologies. Central to this evolution are battery-less sensors that are critical for applications such as continuous health monitoring through blood metabolites and vital signs, the recognition of human activity for behavioral analysis, and the operational enhancement of humanoid robots. The focus on biosensors that exploit the human body for energy-spanning wearable, attachable, and implantable variants has intensified, driven by their broad applicability in areas from underwater exploration to biomedical assays and earthquake monitoring. The heart of these sensors lies in their diverse energy harvesting mechanisms, including biofuel cells, and piezoelectric, triboelectric, and pyroelectric nanogenerators. Notwithstanding the wealth of research, the literature still lacks a holistic review that integrates the design challenges and implementation intricacies of such sensors. Our review seeks to fill this gap by thoroughly evaluating energy harvesting strategies from both material and structural perspectives and assessing their roles in powering an array of sensors for myriad uses. This exploration offers a comprehensive outlook on the state of self-powered sensing devices, tackling the nuances of their deployment and highlighting their potential to revolutionize data gathering in autonomous systems. The intent of this review is to chart the current landscape and future prospects, providing a pivotal reference point for ongoing research and innovation in self-powered wireless sensing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Farzin
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran 13114-16846, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 16846-13114, Tehran 13114-16846, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
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11
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Wu Z, Cao Z, Teng J, Ding R, Xu J, Ye X. Electrostatic generator enhancements for powering IoT nodes via efficient energy management. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2024; 10:30. [PMID: 38455381 PMCID: PMC10918071 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-024-00660-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrostatic generators show great potential for powering widely distributed electronic devices in Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, a critical issue limiting such generators is their high impedance mismatch when coupled to electronics, which results in very low energy utilization efficiency. Here, we present a high-performance energy management unit (EMU) based on a spark-switch tube and a buck converter with an RF inductor. By optimizing the elements and parameters of the EMU, a maximum direct current output power of 79.2 mW m-2 rps-1 was reached for a rotary electret generator with the EMU, achieving 1.2 times greater power output than without the EMU. Furthermore, the maximum power of the contact-separated triboelectric nanogenerator with an EMU is 1.5 times that without the EMU. This excellent performance is attributed to the various optimizations, including utilizing an ultralow-loss spark-switch tube with a proper breakdown voltage, adding a matched input capacitor to enhance available charge, and incorporating an RF inductor to facilitate the high-speed energy transfer process. Based on this extremely efficient EMU, a compact self-powered wireless temperature sensor node was demonstrated to acquire and transmit data every 3.5 s under a slight wind speed of 0.5 m/s. This work greatly promotes the utilization of electrostatic nanogenerators in practical applications, particularly in IoT nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zibo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Zeyuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Junchi Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Rong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Jiani Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
| | - Xiongying Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, China
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12
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Anang FEB, Wei X, Xu J, Cain M, Li Z, Brand U, Peiner E. Area-Selective Growth of Zinc Oxide Nanowire Arrays for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:261. [PMID: 38398989 PMCID: PMC10892005 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we present the area-selective growth of zinc oxide nanowire (NW) arrays on patterned surfaces of a silicon (Si) substrate for a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG). ZnO NW arrays were selectively grown on patterned surfaces of a Si substrate using a devised microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-compatible chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The fabricated devices measured a maximum peak output voltage of ~7.9 mV when a mass of 91.5 g was repeatedly manually placed on them. Finite element modeling (FEM) of a single NW using COMSOL Multiphysics at an applied axial force of 0.9 nN, which corresponded to the experimental condition, resulted in a voltage potential of -6.5 mV. The process repeated with the same pattern design using a layer of SU-8 polymer on the NWs yielded a much higher maximum peak output voltage of ~21.6 mV and a corresponding peak power density of 0.22 µW/cm3, independent of the size of the NW array. The mean values of the measured output voltage and FEM showed good agreement and a nearly linear dependence on the applied force on a 3 × 3 µm2 NW array area in the range of 20 to 90 nN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Eric Boye Anang
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, TU Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; (X.W.); (J.X.); (E.P.)
- Scientific Metrology Department, Ghana Standards Authority, Accra P.O. Box MB 245, Ghana
| | - Xuanwei Wei
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, TU Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; (X.W.); (J.X.); (E.P.)
| | - Jiushuai Xu
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, TU Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; (X.W.); (J.X.); (E.P.)
| | - Markys Cain
- Electrosciences Ltd., Farnham, Surrey GU9 9QT, UK;
| | - Zhi Li
- Surface Metrology Department, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany; (Z.L.); (U.B.)
| | - Uwe Brand
- Surface Metrology Department, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), 38116 Braunschweig, Germany; (Z.L.); (U.B.)
| | - Erwin Peiner
- Institute of Semiconductor Technology, TU Braunschweig, 38104 Braunschweig, Germany; (X.W.); (J.X.); (E.P.)
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13
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Yao C, Sun T, Huang S, He M, Liang B, Shen Z, Huang X, Liu Z, Wang H, Liu F, Chen HJ, Xie X. Personalized Machine Learning-Coupled Nanopillar Triboelectric Pulse Sensor for Cuffless Blood Pressure Continuous Monitoring. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24242-24258. [PMID: 37983291 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
A wearable system that can continuously track the fluctuation of blood pressure (BP) based on pulse signals is highly desirable for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases, yet the sensitivity, reliability, and accuracy remain challenging. Since the correlations of pulse waveforms to BP are highly individualized due to the diversity of the patients' physiological characteristics, wearable sensors based on universal designs and algorithms often fail to derive BP accurately when applied on individual patients. Herein, a wearable triboelectric pulse sensor based on a biomimetic nanopillar layer was developed and coupled with Personalized Machine Learning (ML) to provide accurate and continuous monitoring of BP. Flexible conductive nanopillars as the triboelectric layer were fabricated through soft lithography replication of a cicada wing, which could effectively enhance the sensor's output performance to detect weak signal characteristics of pulse waveform for BP derivation. The sensors were coupled with a personalized Partial Least-Squares Regression (PLSR) ML to derive unknown BP based on individual pulse characteristics with reasonable accuracy, avoiding the issue of individual variability that was encountered by General PLSR ML or formula algorithms. The cuffless and intelligent design endow this ML-sensor as a highly promising platform for the care and treatments of hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanjie Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Tiancheng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mengyi He
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Baoming Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiran Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xinshuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - HaoLin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fanmao Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Hui-Jiuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Display Material and Technology, School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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14
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Tay RY, Song Y, Yao DR, Gao W. Direct-Ink-Writing 3D-Printed Bioelectronics. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2023; 71:135-151. [PMID: 38222250 PMCID: PMC10786343 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2023.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of wearable and implantable bioelectronics has garnered significant momentum in recent years, driven by the ever-increasing demand for personalized health monitoring, remote patient management, and real-time physiological data collection. The elevated sophistication and advancement of these devices have thus led to the use of many new and unconventional materials which cannot be fulfilled through traditional manufacturing techniques. Three-dimension (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is an emerging technology that opens new opportunities to fabricate next-generation bioelectronic devices. Some significant advantages include its capacity for material versatility and design freedom, rapid prototyping, and manufacturing efficiency with enhanced capabilities. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in 3D printing of bioelectronics, particularly direct ink writing (DIW), encompassing the methodologies, materials, and applications that have emerged in this rapidly evolving field. This review showcases the broad range of bioelectronic devices fabricated through 3D printing including wearable biophysical sensors, biochemical sensors, electrophysiological sensors, energy devices, multimodal systems, implantable devices, and soft robots. This review will also discuss the advantages, existing challenges, and outlook of applying DIW 3D printing for the development of bioelectronic devices toward healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Yingjie Tay
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Yu Song
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Dickson R. Yao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
| | - Wei Gao
- Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 91125, USA
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15
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Wang J, Wang T, Liu H, Wang K, Moses K, Feng Z, Li P, Huang W. Flexible Electrodes for Brain-Computer Interface System. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211012. [PMID: 37143288 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Brain-computer interface (BCI) has been the subject of extensive research recently. Governments and companies have substantially invested in relevant research and applications. The restoration of communication and motor function, the treatment of psychological disorders, gaming, and other daily and therapeutic applications all benefit from BCI. The electrodes hold the key to the essential, fundamental BCI precondition of electrical brain activity detection and delivery. However, the traditional rigid electrodes are limited due to their mismatch in Young's modulus, potential damages to the human body, and a decline in signal quality with time. These factors make the development of flexible electrodes vital and urgent. Flexible electrodes made of soft materials have grown in popularity in recent years as an alternative to conventional rigid electrodes because they offer greater conformance, the potential for higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) signals, and a wider range of applications. Therefore, the latest classifications and future developmental directions of fabricating these flexible electrodes are explored in this paper to further encourage the speedy advent of flexible electrodes for BCI. In summary, the perspectives and future outlook for this developing discipline are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Tengjiao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Haoyan Liu
- Department of Computer Science & Computer Engineering (CSCE), University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Kumi Moses
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoya Feng
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
| | - Wei Huang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) & Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, P. R. China
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16
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Li Y, Miao R, Yang Y, Han L, Han Q. A zinc-ion battery-type self-powered strain sensing system by using a high-performance ionic hydrogel. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:8022-8032. [PMID: 37830392 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00993a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Flexible strain sensors based on conductive hydrogels have profound implications for wearable electronics and health-monitoring systems. However, such sensors still need to integrate with energy providing devices to drive their functions. Herein, we develop a soaking-free polyacrylamide/carboxymethyl cellulose/tannic acid (PAAM/CMC/TA) hydrogel containing 2 M ZnSO4 + 0.1 M MnSO4 electrolyte for a novel zinc-ion battery-type self-powered strain sensing system. The synthesized hydrogel possesses desirable stretchability (tensile strain/stress of 622%/132 kPa), self-healing and self-adhesive properties, as well as good ionic conductivity (0.76 ± 0.04 S m-1). A mechanically durable Zn-MnO2 battery is developed using the PAAM/CMC/TA hydrogel and it can deliver a high specific capacity (223.0 mA h g-1) and maintain stable energy outputs under severe mechanical deformations. The electrochemical behavior of the battery can recover even after several self-healing cycles. Due to the excellent strain and pressure sensing properties of the PAAM/CMC/TA hydrogel, the battery combined with a fixed resistor served as a self-powered wearable sensing device, which could translate different human movements into distinguishable electrical signals without an external power supply. Our work provides guidance for the development of next-generation self-powered sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqin Li
- Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Runtian Miao
- Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Lin Han
- Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiangshan Han
- Co-Innovation Centre of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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17
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Kulakarni SP, Kumar Das N, Badhulika S. Fabrication of high-performance triboelectric nanogenerator based on Ni 3C nanosheets to self-power thermal patch for pain relief. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 35:015403. [PMID: 37797605 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report a vertical contact-separation mode triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) comprising of Ni3C/PDMS composite and Nylon Nanofibers for self-powering a nichrome wire-based thermal patch for muscular/joint relaxation. An optimised composition of Ni3C (25 wt%) and PDMS as a tribo-negative material and Nylon Nanofibers synthesised via electrospinning on copper electrode foil as a tribo-positive material were used to fabricate the TENG. The fabricated TENG exhibits outstanding output generating an average open circuit voltage of ∼252 V, an average short circuit current of ∼40.87μA and a peak power of ∼562.35μW cm-2at a matching resistance of 20 MΩ by manual tapping. Enhancement in contact area due to electrospun nylon and micro capacitive Ni3C flakes in dielectric PDMS contribute to the exceptional performance of the TENG. The optimised TENG is then connected to a full bridge rectifier with a 100 nF filtering capacitor to convert the AC voltage to a DC output with a peak voltage of ∼5.4 V and a ripple voltage of ∼1.04 V to recharge an ICR 18650 Li-ion battery, which functions as a medium to improve electrical energy flow to the heat patch. The electrical energy is converted into heat energy by a wounded nichrome wire placed inside the heat patch. The nichrome wire of length 3 cm with appropriate number of windings was employed in the heat patch. An increment of 45 °F can be observed by switching the charged Li-ion battery-based circuit ON for just 30 s. The strategy of self-powering a heat patch using this TENG finds enormous applications in physiotherapy and sports to relieve muscle and joint pains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smaran Panth Kulakarni
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
| | - Nishat Kumar Das
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
| | - Sushmee Badhulika
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 502285, India
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18
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Seo H, Chung WG, Kwon YW, Kim S, Hong YM, Park W, Kim E, Lee J, Lee S, Kim M, Lim K, Jeong I, Song H, Park JU. Smart Contact Lenses as Wearable Ophthalmic Devices for Disease Monitoring and Health Management. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11488-11558. [PMID: 37748126 PMCID: PMC10571045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The eye contains a complex network of physiological information and biomarkers for monitoring disease and managing health, and ocular devices can be used to effectively perform point-of-care diagnosis and disease management. This comprehensive review describes the target biomarkers and various diseases, including ophthalmic diseases, metabolic diseases, and neurological diseases, based on the physiological and anatomical background of the eye. This review also includes the recent technologies utilized in eye-wearable medical devices and the latest trends in wearable ophthalmic devices, specifically smart contact lenses for the purpose of disease management. After introducing other ocular devices such as the retinal prosthesis, we further discuss the current challenges and potential possibilities of smart contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunkyu Seo
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Won Gi Chung
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Yong Won Kwon
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Yeon-Mi Hong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Wonjung Park
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Enji Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jakyoung Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Moohyun Kim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Kyeonghee Lim
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Inhea Jeong
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Hayoung Song
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
| | - Jang-Ung Park
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei
University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
- Department
of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College
of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
- Center
for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic
of Korea
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19
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Gupta RK, Yoshida M, Saeki A, Guo Z, Nakanishi T. Alkyl-C 60 liquid electrets as deformable mechanoelectric generators. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:3458-3466. [PMID: 37350547 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00485f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Special attention is being paid to the potential applicability of various soft electronics in deformable/wearable devices. These devices must be constantly connected to energy sources to ensure their uninterrupted operation. Electrets, which are capable of retaining quasi-permanent electric charges inside or on the surface of materials, are expected to be a battery-less power source. Here, we present a strategy for harvesting the charges in alkyl-C60 liquids. Suitable substitution of bulky yet flexible branched long-alkyl chains generated C60-mono-adducts and regioisomeric bis-adducts as room-temperature solvent-free liquids. These alkyl-C60 liquids were negatively poled by the corona-discharging and soaked in nylon fabric. The liquid of the C60 bis-adduct exhibited better charge retention in comparison to the liquid of the C60 mono-adduct. This suggests that the bulky long-alkyl chains provided proper insulation for the C60 core and charge trapping in the liquid. This charge-trapping behaviour and the inherent fluidity of the alkyl-C60 liquids enabled their fabrication into deformable mechanoelectric generator (MEG) devices. The MEG exhibited applicability as a deformable micropower source or vibration sensor by generating output voltage pulses even under folded/twisted/rolled conditions. The alkylated-liquid-based MEGs worked at frequencies similar to human body motion, showing promising potential for body motion sensors and healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindra Kumar Gupta
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Manabu Yoshida
- Flexible Electronic Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan
| | - Akinori Saeki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Zhenfeng Guo
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
- Division of Soft Matter, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan.
- Division of Soft Matter, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 10, Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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20
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Luo C. Organic electrode materials and carbon/small-sulfur composites for affordable, lightweight and sustainable batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:9803-9817. [PMID: 37475598 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02652c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Redox-active organic/polymeric materials and carbon/small-sulfur composites are promising electrode materials for developing affordable, lightweight, and sustainable batteries because of their low cost, abundance, low carbon footprint, and flexible structural tunability. This feature article summarized the key aspects of the research related to organic batteries and Li-S batteries (LSBs) based on organic/polymeric/sulfur materials for next-generation sustainable energy storage. An in-depth discussion for organic electrode materials in alkali-ion, multivalent metal, all-solid-state, and redox flow batteries is provided. State-of-the-art LSBs under high mass loading and lean electrolyte conditions for practical applications is also covered. The challenges, reaction mechanisms, strategies, approaches, and developments of organic batteries and LSBs are discussed to offer guidance for rational structure design and performance optimization. This feature article will contribute to the development and commercialization of affordable, lightweight, and sustainable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA.
- Quantum Science & Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
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21
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Ndaguba E, Cilliers J, Ghosh S, Herath S, Mussi ET. Operability of Smart Spaces in Urban Environments: A Systematic Review on Enhancing Functionality and User Experience. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6938. [PMID: 37571721 PMCID: PMC10422534 DOI: 10.3390/s23156938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
This literature review highlights the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the proliferation of connected devices as the driving force behind the adoption of smart spaces. This review also discusses the various applications of smart spaces, including smart homes, smart cities, and smart healthcare: (1) Background: the aim of this research is to provide a comprehensive overview of the concept of smart spaces, including their key features, technologies, and applications in built environments and urban areas; (2) Methods: The study adopts a qualitative approach, drawing on secondary sources, such as academic journals, reports, and online sources; (3) Results: The findings suggest that smart spaces have the potential to transform the way people interact with their environment and each other. They could improve efficiency, safety, and quality of life. However, there are also concerns about privacy and security in relation to the collection and use of personal data; (4) Conclusions: The study concludes that smart spaces have significant theoretical and practical implications for various fields, including architecture, urban planning, and healthcare. The theoretical implications include the need for new models and frameworks to understand the complex relationships between technology, space, and society. The practical implications involve the development of new standards and regulations to ensure the responsible and ethical use of smart spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeka Ndaguba
- Centre for Development Support, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa
- School of Built Environment, Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (J.C.); (S.G.); (S.H.); (E.T.M.)
| | - Jua Cilliers
- School of Built Environment, Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (J.C.); (S.G.); (S.H.); (E.T.M.)
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
| | - Sumita Ghosh
- School of Built Environment, Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (J.C.); (S.G.); (S.H.); (E.T.M.)
| | - Shanaka Herath
- School of Built Environment, Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (J.C.); (S.G.); (S.H.); (E.T.M.)
| | - Eveline Tancredo Mussi
- School of Built Environment, Faculty of Design Architecture and Building, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia; (J.C.); (S.G.); (S.H.); (E.T.M.)
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22
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Wen DL, Huang P, Deng HT, Zhang XR, Wang YL, Zhang XS. High-performance hybrid nanogenerator for self-powered wireless multi-sensing microsystems. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:94. [PMID: 37484504 PMCID: PMC10359314 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Wireless sensor network nodes are widely used in wearable devices, consumer electronics, and industrial electronics and are a crucial component of the Internet of Things (IoT). Recently, advanced power technology with sustainable energy supply and pollution-free characteristics has become a popular research focus. Herein, to realize an unattended and reliable power supply unit suitable for distributed IoT systems, we develop a high-performance triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (TEHNG) to harvest mechanical energy. The TEHNG achieves a high load power of 21.8 mW by implementing improvements of material optimization, configuration optimization and pyramid microstructure design. To realize a self-powered integrated microsystem, a power management module, energy storage module, sensing signal processing module, and microcontroller unit are integrated into the TEHNG. Furthermore, an all-in-one wireless multisensing microsystem comprising the TEHNG, the abovementioned integrated functional circuit and three sensors (temperature, pressure, and ultraviolet) is built. The milliwatt microsystem operates continuously with the TEHNG as the only power supply, achieving self-powered operations of sensing environmental variables and transmitting wireless data to a terminal in real time. This shows tremendous application potential in the IoT field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Liang Wen
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Peng Huang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Hai-Tao Deng
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Xin-Ran Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Zhang
- School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731 China
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23
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Meng XS, Zhou LC, Liu L, Zhu YB, Meng YF, Zheng DC, Yang B, Rao QZ, Mao LB, Wu HA, Yu SH. Deformable hard tissue with high fatigue resistance in the hinge of bivalve Cristaria plicata. Science 2023; 380:1252-1257. [PMID: 37347869 DOI: 10.1126/science.ade2038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The hinge of bivalve shells can sustain hundreds of thousands of repeating opening-and-closing valve motions throughout their lifetime. We studied the hierarchical design of the mineralized tissue in the hinge of the bivalve Cristaria plicata, which endows the tissue with deformability and fatigue resistance and consequently underlies the repeating motion capability. This folding fan-shaped tissue consists of radially aligned, brittle aragonite nanowires embedded in a resilient matrix and can translate external radial loads to circumferential deformation. The hard-soft complex microstructure can suppress stress concentration within the tissue. Coherent nanotwin boundaries along the longitudinal direction of the nanowires increase their resistance to bending fracture. The unusual biomineral, which exploits the inherent properties of each component through multiscale structural design, provides insights into the evolution of antifatigue structural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Sen Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Li-Chuan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Yin-Bo Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yu-Feng Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dong-Chang Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qi-Zhi Rao
- Anhui Shuyan Intelligent Technologies Co., Wuhu 241200, China
| | - Li-Bo Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Heng-An Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, CAS Center for Excellence in Complex System Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Shu-Hong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biomimetic Materials and Chemistry, Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Biomimetic Materials, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Division of Nanomaterials and Chemistry, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
- Institute of Innovative Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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24
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Khan MU, Mohammad E, Abbas Y, Rezeq M, Mohammad B. Chicken skin based Milli Watt range biocompatible triboelectric nanogenerator for biomechanical energy harvesting. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10160. [PMID: 37349344 PMCID: PMC10287749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36817-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports a high-performance, low-cost, biocompatible triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using chicken skin (CS). The device is suitable to power wearable devices, which is critical to adapt electronics in monitoring, predicting, and treating people. It also supports sustainability by providing a cost-effective way to reduce the poultry industry's waste. It has been shown here that CS-derived biowaste is an effective means of generating tribopositive material for TENGs. The CS contains amino acid functional groups based on (Glycine, Proline, and Hydroxyproline), which are essential to demonstrate the electron-donating ability of collagen. The skin was cut into 3 × 3 cm2 and used as the raw material for fabricating the TENG device with a stacking sequence of Al/Kapton/spacing/CS/Al. The chicken skin-based TENG (CS-TENG) is characterized at different frequencies (4-14 HZ) using a damping system. The CS-TENG produces an open-circuit voltage of 123 V, short-circuit current of 20 µA and 0.2 mW/cm2 of a power density at 20 MΩ. The biocompatible CS-TENG presents ultra-robust and stable endurance performance with more than 52,000 cycles. The CS-TENG is impressively capable of scavenging energy to light up to 55 commercial light-emitting diodes (LEDs), a calculator, and to measure the physiological motions of the human body. CS-TENG is a step toward sustainable, battery-less devices or augmented energy sources, especially when using traditional power sources, such as in wearable devices, remote locations, or mobile applications is not practical or cost-effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair Khan
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
- System on Chip Lab, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
| | - Eman Mohammad
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Yawar Abbas
- System on Chip Lab, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
| | - Moh'd Rezeq
- System on Chip Lab, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE
| | - Baker Mohammad
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE.
- System on Chip Lab, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, 127788, UAE.
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25
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He J, Zhang Y, Yu X, Xu C. Wearable patches for transdermal drug delivery. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:2298-2309. [PMID: 37425057 PMCID: PMC10326306 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDs) avoid gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass metabolism, providing good drug bioavailability and patient compliance. One emerging type of TDDs is the wearable patch worn on the skin surface to deliver medication through the skin. They can generally be grouped into passive and active types, depending on the properties of materials, design principles and integrated devices. This review describes the latest advancement in the development of wearable patches, focusing on the integration of stimulus-responsive materials and electronics. This development is deemed to provide a dosage, temporal, and spatial control of therapeutics delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuyue Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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26
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Weng M, Zhou J, Ye Y, Qiu H, Zhou P, Luo Z, Guo Q. Self-chargeable supercapacitor made with MXene-bacterial cellulose nanofiber composite for wearable devices. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 647:277-286. [PMID: 37262990 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of wearable electronics is restricted by the developments of supporting energy storage devices, especially flexible supercapacitors. Nowadays, miniaturized supercapacitors based on MXenes due to their obvious advantages in the specific capacity have received extensive attention. The energy existing in the surrounding environment has been used to directly charge energy storage devices. However, the hybrid wearable electronics integrated supercapacitors are mechanically connected through metal wires leading to non-compact devices. Thus, it is urgent to develop a general and universal method to fabricate high-performance robust MXene-based flexible electrodes with high electrical conductivity and apply them to self-chargeable supercapacitors and compact wearable devices. Herein, the bacterial cellulose (BC) nanofibers are used as a crosslinking agent to connect two-dimensional MXene nanosheets through the hydrogen bond, which greatly improves the mechanical strength of MXene-bacterial cellulose (MXene-BC) composite films (Young's modulus reaching 6.8 GPa). The supercapacitors made with the electrodes of MXene-BC composite films (BC content is 10%) present high capacitance behavior (areal capacitance up to 346 mF cm-2) because the introduction of BC nanofibers increases the interlayer spacing of MXene nanosheets, providing more storage space for the ions in the electrolyte. Then, a self-chargeable supercapacitor is proposed based on the combination of a zinc-air (Zn-air) battery and a supercapacitor. The self-chargeable supercapacitor can realize self-charging after dropping a drop of electrolyte solution into the Zn-air battery. The charging voltage of a single self-chargeable supercapacitor can reach 0.6 V after adding artificial sweat as the electrolyte. Finally, a smart wristband with the function of self-charging is proposed, which can absorb the sweat generated by the human for self-chargeable supercapacitors to drive the pedometer integrated within the smart wristband to work. The proposed self-chargeable supercapacitors are simple and effective, not restricted by the use environment, providing a promising way for self-powered wearable electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcen Weng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Yuanji Ye
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Huofeng Qiu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Peidi Zhou
- Institute of Smart Marine and Engineering, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
| | - Zhiling Luo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quantum Manipulation and New Energy Materials, College of Physics and Energy, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China.
| | - Qiaohang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application, Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials and Products of Universities in Fujian, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
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27
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Nguyen QT, Vu DL, Le CD, Ahn KK. Enhancing the Performance of Triboelectric Generator: A Novel Approach Using Solid-Liquid Interface-Treated Foam and Metal Contacts. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102392. [PMID: 37242966 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This work introduces a novel approach for enhancing the performance of a triboelectric generator (TEG) by using a solid-liquid interface-treated foam (SLITF) as its active layer, combined with two metal contacts of different work functions. SLITF is made by absorbing water into a cellulose foam, which enables charges generated by friction energy during the sliding motion to be separated and transferred through the conductive path formed by the hydrogen-bonded network of water molecules. Unlike traditional TEGs, the SLITF-TEG demonstrates an impressive current density of 3.57 A/m2 and can harvest electric power up to 0.174 W/m2 with an induced voltage of approximately 0.55 V. The device generates a direct current in the external circuit, eliminating the limitations of low current density and alternating current found in traditional TEGs. By connecting six-unit cells of SLITF-TEG in series and parallel, the peak voltage and current can be increased up to 3.2 V and 12.5 mA, respectively. Furthermore, the SLITF-TEG has the potential to serve as a self-powered vibration sensor with high accuracy (R2 = 0.99). The findings demonstrate the significant potential of the SLITF-TEG approach for efficiently harvesting low-frequency mechanical energy from the natural environment, with broad implications for a range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Tan Nguyen
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Duy Linh Vu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Chau Duy Le
- Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Kwan Ahn
- School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan, 93, Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
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28
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Zhu Y, Li J, Kim J, Li S, Zhao Y, Bahari J, Eliahoo P, Li G, Kawakita S, Haghniaz R, Gao X, Falcone N, Ermis M, Kang H, Liu H, Kim H, Tabish T, Yu H, Li B, Akbari M, Emaminejad S, Khademhosseini A. Skin-interfaced electronics: A promising and intelligent paradigm for personalized healthcare. Biomaterials 2023; 296:122075. [PMID: 36931103 PMCID: PMC10085866 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced electronics (skintronics) have received considerable attention due to their thinness, skin-like mechanical softness, excellent conformability, and multifunctional integration. Current advancements in skintronics have enabled health monitoring and digital medicine. Particularly, skintronics offer a personalized platform for early-stage disease diagnosis and treatment. In this comprehensive review, we discuss (1) the state-of-the-art skintronic devices, (2) material selections and platform considerations of future skintronics toward intelligent healthcare, (3) device fabrication and system integrations of skintronics, (4) an overview of the skintronic platform for personalized healthcare applications, including biosensing as well as wound healing, sleep monitoring, the assessment of SARS-CoV-2, and the augmented reality-/virtual reality-enhanced human-machine interfaces, and (5) current challenges and future opportunities of skintronics and their potentials in clinical translation and commercialization. The field of skintronics will not only minimize physical and physiological mismatches with the skin but also shift the paradigm in intelligent and personalized healthcare and offer unprecedented promise to revolutionize conventional medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States.
| | - Jinghang Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Jinjoo Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Shaopei Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Yichao Zhao
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Jamal Bahari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Payam Eliahoo
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, United States
| | - Guanghui Li
- The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Satoru Kawakita
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Xiaoxiang Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States
| | - Natashya Falcone
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Menekse Ermis
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States
| | - Heemin Kang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hao Liu
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China
| | - HanJun Kim
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Tanveer Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Haidong Yu
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China
| | - Bingbing Li
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management, California State University, Northridge, CA, 91330, United States
| | - Mohsen Akbari
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada
| | - Sam Emaminejad
- Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States.
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29
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Korotcenkov G, Simonenko NP, Simonenko EP, Sysoev VV, Brinzari V. Paper-Based Humidity Sensors as Promising Flexible Devices, State of the Art, Part 2: Humidity-Sensor Performances. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13081381. [PMID: 37110966 PMCID: PMC10144639 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review article covers all types of paper-based humidity sensor, such as capacitive, resistive, impedance, fiber-optic, mass-sensitive, microwave, and RFID (radio-frequency identification) humidity sensors. The parameters of these sensors and the materials involved in their research and development, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, semiconductors, and polymers, are comprehensively detailed, with a special focus on the advantages/disadvantages from an application perspective. Numerous technological/design approaches to the optimization of the performances of the sensors are considered, along with some non-conventional approaches. The review ends with a detailed analysis of the current problems encountered in the development of paper-based humidity sensors, supported by some solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova;
| | - Nikolay P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.S.); (E.P.S.)
| | - Elizaveta P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, The Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.P.S.); (E.P.S.)
| | - Victor V. Sysoev
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya str., 410054 Saratov, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Brinzari
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova;
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30
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Fan W, An Z, Liu F, Gao Z, Zhang M, Fu C, Zhu T, Liu Q, Zhao X. High-Performance Stretchable Thermoelectric Generator for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206397. [PMID: 36799534 PMCID: PMC10131832 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wearable thermoelectric generators (TEGs), which can convert human body heat to electricity, provide a promising solution for self-powered wearable electronics. However, their power densities still need to be improved aiming at broad practical applications. Here, a stretchable TEG that achieves comfortable wearability and outstanding output performance simultaneously is reported. When worn on the forehead at an ambient temperature of 15 °C, the stretchable TEG exhibits excellent power densities with a maximum value of 13.8 µW cm-2 under the breezeless condition, and even as high as 71.8 µW cm-2 at an air speed of 2 m s-1 , being one of the highest values for wearable TEGs. Furthermore, this study demonstrates that this stretchable TEG can effectively power a commercial light-emitting diode and stably drive an electrocardiogram module in real-time without the assistance of any additional power supply. These results highlight the great potential of these stretchable TEGs for power generation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Zijian An
- Biosensor National Special LaboratoryKey Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education MinistryDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Ziheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Chenguang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Shanxi‐Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan030000China
| | - Tiejun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
- Shanxi‐Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical EngineeringTaiyuan030000China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- Biosensor National Special LaboratoryKey Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education MinistryDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Xinbing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materialsand School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
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Fan JC, Tang XG, Sun QJ, Jiang YP, Li WH, Liu QX. Low-cost composite film triboelectric nanogenerators for a self-powered touch sensor. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:6263-6272. [PMID: 36908277 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05962b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the last two decades, nanogenerators have been studied inorder to solve the power supply problems of electronic devices. Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have gained widespread attention due to their excellent properties and wide range of applications. However, previous studies frequently ignored numerous application-related issues and even wasted some of the benefits of the TENG itself in favor of enhanced performance. Here, we propose a TENG based on BaTiO3 (BTO)-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite films with low cost and simple preparation, where its maximum output performance is obtained when the mass proportion of BTO to PDMS is 40%. In addition, we demonstrate how the single-electrode TENG may be used as a self-powered touch sensor that can communicate with a microcontroller unit (MCU) to turn LED lights on and off. This practical example will provide a valuable reference for the application of low-cost self-powered sensors in wearable devices, Internet of Things, human-machine interactions and other fields. Furthermore, we discovered a number of issues that were rarely or never addressed in previous studies and provide some solutions, such as a signal processing method for a TENG-based self-powered sensor. It serves as a foundation for future investigations on the performance assessment and application of TENGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Cheng Fan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xin-Gui Tang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Qi-Jun Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yan-Ping Jiang
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Wen-Hua Li
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Qiu-Xiang Liu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Hwang Y, Park B, Hwang S, Choi SW, Kim HS, Kim AR, Choi JW, Yoon J, Kwon JD, Kim Y. A Bioinspired Ultra Flexible Artificial van der Waals 2D-MoS 2 Channel/LiSiO x Solid Electrolyte Synapse Arrays via Laser-Lift Off Process for Wearable Adaptive Neuromorphic Computing. SMALL METHODS 2023:e2201719. [PMID: 36960927 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202201719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronic devices with next-generation biocompatible, mechanical, ultraflexible, and portable sensors are a fast-growing technology. Hardware systems enabling artificial neural networks while consuming low power and processing massive in situ personal data are essential for adaptive wearable neuromorphic edging computing. Herein, the development of an ultraflexible artificial-synaptic array device with concrete-mechanical cyclic endurance consisting of a novel heterostructure with an all-solid-state 2D MoS2 channel and LiSiOx (lithium silicate) is demonstrated. Enabled by the sequential fabrication process of all layers, by excluding the transfer process, artificial van der Waals devices combined with the 2D-MoS2 channel and LiSiOx solid electrolyte exhibit excellent neuromorphic synaptic characteristics with a nonlinearity of 0.55 and asymmetry ratio of 0.22. Based on the excellent flexibility of colorless polyimide substrates and thin-layered structures, the fabricated flexible neuromorphic synaptic devices exhibit superior long-term potentiation and long-term depression cyclic endurance performance, even when bent over 700 times or on curved surfaces with a diameter of 10 mm. Thus, a high classification accuracy of 95% is achieved without any noticeable performance degradation in the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology. These results are promising for the development of personalized wearable artificial neural systems in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Hwang
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongjin Park
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63-beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkwon Hwang
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63-beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Won Choi
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, 2 Busandaehak-ro 63-beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Seul Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Engineering, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Ah Ra Kim
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Department of Data Information and Physics, Kongju National University, 56 Gongjudaehak-ro, Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do, 32588, Republic ofKorea
| | - Jongwon Yoon
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Dae Kwon
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghun Kim
- Department of Energy and Electronic Materials, Surface Materials Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon, Gyeongnam, 51508, Republic of Korea
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Panda S, Hajra S, Oh Y, Oh W, Lee J, Shin H, Vivekananthan V, Yang Y, Mishra YK, Kim HJ. Hybrid Nanogenerators for Ocean Energy Harvesting: Mechanisms, Designs, and Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2300847. [PMID: 36929123 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The ocean holds vast potential as a renewable energy source, but harnessing its power has been challenging due to low-frequency and high-amplitude stimulation. However, hybrid nanogenerators (HNGs) offer a promising solution to convert ocean energy into usable power efficiently. With their high sensitivity and flexible design, HNGs are ideal for low-frequency environments and remote ocean regions. Combining triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) with piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) and electromagnetic nanogenerators (EMGs) creates a unique hybrid system that maximizes energy harvesting. Ultimately, hybrid energy-harvesting systems offer a sustainable and reliable solution for growing energy needs. This study provides an in-depth review of the latest research on ocean energy harvesting by hybrid systems, focusing on self-powered applications. The article also discusses primary hybrid designs for devices, powering self-powered units such as wireless communication systems, climate monitoring systems, and buoys as applications. The potential of HNGs is enormous, and with rapid advancements in research and fabrication, these systems are poised to revolutionize ocean energy harvesting. It outlines the pros and cons of HNGs and highlights the major challenges that must be overcome. Finally, future outlooks for hybrid energy harvesters are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Panda
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sugato Hajra
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Yumi Oh
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonjeong Oh
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeonghyeon Lee
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoju Shin
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Venkateswaran Vivekananthan
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Andhra Pradesh, 522302, India
| | - Ya Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, Alsion 2, Sønderborg, 6400, Denmark
| | - Hoe Joon Kim
- Department of Robotics and Mechatronics Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
- Robotics and Mechatronics Research Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
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Stuart T, Yin X, Chen SJ, Farley M, McGuire DT, Reddy N, Thien R, DiMatteo S, Fumeaux C, Gutruf P. Context-aware electromagnetic design for continuously wearable biosymbiotic devices. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 228:115218. [PMID: 36940633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Imperceptible wireless wearable devices are critical to advance digital medicine with the goal to capture clinical-grade biosignals continuously. Design of these systems is complex because of unique interdependent electromagnetic, mechanic and system level considerations that directly influence performance. Typically, approaches consider body location, related mechanical loads, and desired sensing capabilities, however, design for real world application context is not formulated. Wireless power casting eliminates user interaction and the need to recharge batteries, however, implementation is challenging because the use case influences performance. To facilitate a data-driven approach to design, we demonstrate a method for personalized, context-aware antenna, rectifier and wireless electronics design that considers human behavioral patterns and physiology to optimize electromagnetic and mechanical features for best performance across an average day of the target user group. Implementation of these methods result in devices that enable continuous recording of high-fidelity biosignals over weeks without the need for human interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tucker Stuart
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Yin
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Shengjian Jammy Chen
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Tonsley, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Max Farley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Dylan Thomas McGuire
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Nikhil Reddy
- Eller College of Management, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Ryan Thien
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Sam DiMatteo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA
| | - Christophe Fumeaux
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
| | - Philipp Gutruf
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Bio5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; Neuroscience GIDP, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
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35
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Nowacki B, Jała J, Mistewicz K, Przyłucki R, Kopeć G, Stenzel T. Flexible SbSI/Polyurethane Nanocomposite for Sensing and Energy Harvesting. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 23:63. [PMID: 36616661 PMCID: PMC9823892 DOI: 10.3390/s23010063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic development of flexible wearable electronics creates new possibilities for the production and use of new types of sensors. Recently, polymer nanocomposites have gained great popularity in the fabrication of sensors. They possess both the mechanical advantages of polymers and the functional properties of nanomaterials. The main drawback of such systems is the complexity of their manufacturing. This article presents, for the first time, fabrication of an antimony sulfoiodide (SbSI) and polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite and its application as a piezoelectric nanogenerator for strain detection. The SbSI/PU nanocomposite was prepared using simple, fast, and efficient technology. It allowed the obtainment of a high amount of material without the need to apply complex chemical methods or material processing. The SbSI/PU nanocomposite exhibited high flexibility and durability. The microstructure and chemical composition of the prepared material were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. These studies revealed a lack of defects in the material structure and relatively low agglomeration of nanowires. The piezoelectric response of SbSI/PU nanocomposite was measured by pressing the sample with a pneumatic actuator at different excitation frequencies. It is proposed that the developed nanocomposite can be introduced into the shoe sole in order to harvest energy from human body movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Nowacki
- Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Jakub Jała
- Department of Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Krystian Mistewicz
- Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Roman Przyłucki
- Department of Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Materials Science, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kopeć
- Department of Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Materials Science, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stenzel
- Department of Industrial Informatics, Faculty of Materials Science, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
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36
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Microfluidic dose-response platform to track the dynamics of drug response in single mycobacterial cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19578. [PMID: 36379978 PMCID: PMC9666435 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical analysis of drug efficacy is critical for drug development. However, conventional bulk-cell assays statically assess the mean population behavior, lacking resolution on drug-escaping cells. Inaccurate estimation of efficacy can lead to overestimation of compounds, whose efficacy will not be confirmed in the clinic, or lead to rejection of valuable candidates. Time-lapse microfluidic microscopy is a powerful approach to characterize drugs at high spatiotemporal resolution, but hard to apply on a large scale. Here we report the development of a microfluidic platform based on a pneumatic operating principle, which is scalable and compatible with long-term live-cell imaging and with simultaneous analysis of different drug concentrations. We tested the platform with mycobacterial cells, including the tubercular pathogen, providing the first proof of concept of a single-cell dose-response assay. This dynamic in-vitro model will prove useful to probe the fate of drug-stressed cells, providing improved predictions of drug efficacy in the clinic.
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37
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Guan P, Zhu R, Hu G, Patterson R, Chen F, Liu C, Zhang S, Feng Z, Jiang Y, Wan T, Hu L, Li M, Xu Z, Xu H, Han Z, Chu D. Recent Development of Moisture-Enabled-Electric Nanogenerators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2204603. [PMID: 36135971 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Power generation by converting energy from the ambient environment has been considered a promising strategy for developing decentralized electrification systems to complement the electricity supply for daily use. Wet gases, such as water evaporation or moisture in the atmosphere, can be utilized as a tremendous source of electricity by emerging power generation devices, that is, moisture-enabled-electric nanogenerators (MEENGs). As a promising technology, MEENGs provided a novel manner to generate electricity by harvesting energy from moisture, originating from the interactions between water molecules and hydrophilic functional groups. Though the remarkable progress of MEENGs has been achieved, a systematic review in this specific area is urgently needed to summarize previous works and provide sharp points to further develop low-cost and high-performing MEENGs through overcoming current limitations. Herein, the working mechanisms of MEENGs reported so far are comprehensively compared. Subsequently, a systematic summary of the materials selection and fabrication methods for currently reported MEENG construction is presented. Then, the improvement strategies and development directions of MEENG are provided. At last, the demonstrations of the applications assembled with MEENGs are extracted. This work aims to pave the way for the further MEENGs to break through the performance limitations and promote the popularization of future micron electronic self-powered equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Renbo Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Guangyu Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Robert Patterson
- Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics, School of Photovoltaics and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Fandi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Ziheng Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Yue Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Tao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhemi Xu
- Chemistry and Material Engineering College, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Haolan Xu
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
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38
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Wang H, Wang R, Chen C, Zhou Z, Liu JW. Manipulating Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Arrays for Flexible Photothermoelectric Devices. JACS AU 2022; 2:2269-2276. [PMID: 36311832 PMCID: PMC9597597 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Flexible photothermoelectric (PTE) devices possess great application prospects in the field of light energy and thermoelectric energy harvesting which are some of the cornerstones of modern green renewable energy power generation. However, the low efficiency of PTE materials and lack of suitable manufacturing processes remain an impediment to restrict its rapid development. Here, we designed a flexible PTE device by printing a highly integrated single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) array at intervals that were surface-functionalized with poly(acrylic acid) and poly(ethylene imine) as p-n heterofilms. After the introduction of a mask to give a selective light illumination and taking advantage of the photothermal effect of SWCNTs, a remarkable temperature gradient along the printed SWCNTs and a considerable power density of 1.3 μW/cm2 can be achieved. Meanwhile, both experimental data and COMSOL theoretical simulations were adopted to optimize the performance of our device, showing new opportunities for new generation flexible PTE devices.
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39
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Gai Y, Wang E, Liu M, Xie L, Bai Y, Yang Y, Xue J, Qu X, Xi Y, Li L, Luo D, Li Z. A Self-Powered Wearable Sensor for Continuous Wireless Sweat Monitoring. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200653. [PMID: 36074976 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wireless wearable sweat analysis devices can monitor biomarkers at the molecular level continuously and in situ, which is highly desired for personalized health care. The miniaturization, integration, and wireless operation of sweat sensors improve the comfort and convenience while also bringing forward new challenges for power supply technology. Herein, a wireless self-powered wearable sweat analysis system (SWSAS) is designed that effectively converts the mechanical energy of human motion into electricity through hybrid nanogenerator modules (HNGMs). The HNGM shows stable output characteristics at low frequency with a current of 15 mA and a voltage of 60 V. Through real-time on-body sweat analysis powered by HNGM, the SWSAS is demonstrated to selectively monitor biomarkers (Na+ and K+ ) in sweat and wirelessly transmit the sensing data to the user interface via Bluetooth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Gai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Engui Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lirong Xie
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuan Bai
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jiangtao Xue
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xuecheng Qu
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuan Xi
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Linlin Li
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dan Luo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Center on Nanoenergy Research, School of Physical Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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40
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Wearable energy devices on mask-based printed electrodes for self-powered glucose biosensors. SENSING AND BIO-SENSING RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2022.100525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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41
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Salem M, Elkaseer A, El-Maddah IAM, Youssef KY, Scholz SG, Mohamed HK. Non-Invasive Data Acquisition and IoT Solution for Human Vital Signs Monitoring: Applications, Limitations and Future Prospects. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22176625. [PMID: 36081081 PMCID: PMC9460364 DOI: 10.3390/s22176625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of technology has brought about a revolution in healthcare stimulating a wide range of smart and autonomous applications in homes, clinics, surgeries and hospitals. Smart healthcare opens the opportunity for a qualitative advance in the relations between healthcare providers and end-users for the provision of healthcare such as enabling doctors to diagnose remotely while optimizing the accuracy of the diagnosis and maximizing the benefits of treatment by enabling close patient monitoring. This paper presents a comprehensive review of non-invasive vital data acquisition and the Internet of Things in healthcare informatics and thus reports the challenges in healthcare informatics and suggests future work that would lead to solutions to address the open challenges in IoT and non-invasive vital data acquisition. In particular, the conducted review has revealed that there has been a daunting challenge in the development of multi-frequency vital IoT systems, and addressing this issue will help enable the vital IoT node to be reachable by the broker in multiple area ranges. Furthermore, the utilization of multi-camera systems has proven its high potential to increase the accuracy of vital data acquisition, but the implementation of such systems has not been fully developed with unfilled gaps to be bridged. Moreover, the application of deep learning to the real-time analysis of vital data on the node/edge side will enable optimal, instant offline decision making. Finally, the synergistic integration of reliable power management and energy harvesting systems into non-invasive data acquisition has been omitted so far, and the successful implementation of such systems will lead to a smart, robust, sustainable and self-powered healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Salem
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-0-721-608-25632
| | - Ahmed Elkaseer
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering, Port Said University, Port Said 42526, Egypt
| | | | - Khaled Y. Youssef
- Faculty of Navigation Science and Space Technology, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 2731070, Egypt
| | - Steffen G. Scholz
- Institute for Automation and Applied Informatics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- College of Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, UK
| | - Hoda K. Mohamed
- Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11535, Egypt
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42
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Corletto A, Ellis AV, Shepelin NA, Fronzi M, Winkler DA, Shapter JG, Sherrell PC. Energy Interplay in Materials: Unlocking Next-Generation Synchronous Multisource Energy Conversion with Layered 2D Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2203849. [PMID: 35918607 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202203849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Layered 2D crystals have unique properties and rich chemical and electronic diversity, with over 6000 2D crystals known and, in principle, millions of different stacked hybrid 2D crystals accessible. This diversity provides unique combinations of properties that can profoundly affect the future of energy conversion and harvesting devices. Notably, this includes catalysts, photovoltaics, superconductors, solar-fuel generators, and piezoelectric devices that will receive broad commercial uptake in the near future. However, the unique properties of layered 2D crystals are not limited to individual applications and they can achieve exceptional performance in multiple energy conversion applications synchronously. This synchronous multisource energy conversion (SMEC) has yet to be fully realized but offers a real game-changer in how devices will be produced and utilized in the future. This perspective highlights the energy interplay in materials and its impact on energy conversion, how SMEC devices can be realized, particularly through layered 2D crystals, and provides a vision of the future of effective environmental energy harvesting devices with layered 2D crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Corletto
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Amanda V Ellis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Nick A Shepelin
- Laboratory for Multiscale Materials Experiments, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, Villigen, CH-5232, Switzerland
| | - Marco Fronzi
- School of Mathematical and Physical Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, 2007, Australia
| | - David A Winkler
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- School of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Joseph G Shapter
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Peter C Sherrell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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43
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Liu Z, Zhang R, Yang K, Yue Y, Wang F, Li K, Wang G, Lian J, Xin G. Highly Thermally Conductive Bimorph Structures for Low-Grade Heat Energy Harvester and Energy-Efficient Actuators. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:39031-39038. [PMID: 35993541 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Low-power electronics are urgently needed for various emerging technologies, e.g., actuators as signal transducers and executors. Collecting energy from ubiquitous low-grade heat sources (T < 100 °C) as an uninterrupted power supply for low-power electronics is highly desirable. However, the majority of energy-harvesting systems are not capable of collecting low-grade heat energy in an efficient and constant manner. Limited by materials and driving mode, fabrications of low-power and energy-efficient actuators are still challenging. Here, highly thermally conductive bimorph structures based on graphene/poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) structures have been fabricated as low-grade heat energy harvesters and energy-efficient actuators. Regular temperature fluctuations on bimorph structures can be controlled by nonequilibrium heat transfer, leading to stable and self-sustained thermomechanical cycles. By coupling ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride) with bimorph structures, uninterrupted thermomechanoelectrical energy conversion has been achieved from the low-grade heat source. Utilizing the rapid thermal transport capability, multifinger soft grippers are assembled with bimorph actuators, demonstrating fast response, large displacement, and adaptive grip when driven by low-temperature heaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexin Liu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yue Yue
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fanfan Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kangyong Li
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Gongkai Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Research Institute for Energy Equipment Materials, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
| | - Jie Lian
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110, 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | - Guoqing Xin
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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44
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Duan G, Li Y, Tan C. A Bridge-Shaped Vibration Energy Harvester with Resonance Frequency Tunability under DC Bias Electric Field. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13081227. [PMID: 36014149 PMCID: PMC9416463 DOI: 10.3390/mi13081227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A vibration piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) is usually designed with a resonance frequency at the external excitation frequency for higher energy conversion efficiency. Here, we proposed a bridge-shaped PEH capable of tuning its resonance frequency by applying a direct current (DC) electric field on piezoelectric elements. A theoretical model of the relationship between the resonance frequency and DC electric field was first established. Then, a verification experiment was carried out and the results revealed that the resonance frequency of the PEH can be tuned by applying a DC electric field to it. In the absence of an axial preload, the resonance frequency of the PEH can be changed by about 18.7 Hz under the DC electric field range from −0.25 kV/mm to 0.25 kV/mm. With an axial preload of 5 N and 10 N, the resonance frequency bandwidth of the PEH can be tuned to about 13.4 Hz and 11.2 Hz, respectively. Further experimental results indicate that the output power and charging response of the PEH can also be significantly enhanced under a DC electric field when the excitation frequency deviates from the resonance frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan Duan
- School of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China;
- School of Civil Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
| | - Yingwei Li
- School of Civil Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- School of Intelligent Construction, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430223, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Chi Tan
- School of Civil Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Wuhan Dislocation Technology Company, Wuhan 430072, China
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45
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Xu J, Yan Z, Liu Q. Smartphone-Based Electrochemical Systems for Glucose Monitoring in Biofluids: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22155670. [PMID: 35957227 PMCID: PMC9371187 DOI: 10.3390/s22155670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
As a vital biomarker, glucose plays an important role in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Thus, glucose detection has become an important direction in the electrochemical analysis field. In order to realize more convenient, real-time, comfortable and accurate monitoring, smartphone-based portable, wearable and implantable electrochemical glucose monitoring is progressing rapidly. In this review, we firstly introduce technologies integrated in smartphones and the advantages of these technologies in electrochemical glucose detection. Subsequently, this overview illustrates the advances of smartphone-based portable, wearable and implantable electrochemical glucose monitoring systems in diverse biofluids over the last ten years (2012-2022). Specifically, some interesting and innovative technologies are highlighted. In the last section, after discussing the challenges in this field, we offer some future directions, such as application of advanced nanomaterials, novel power sources, simultaneous detection of multiple markers and a closed-loop system.
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Wearable Sensors for Healthcare: Fabrication to Application. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22145137. [PMID: 35890817 PMCID: PMC9323732 DOI: 10.3390/s22145137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a substantial review of the deployment of wearable sensors for healthcare applications. Wearable sensors hold a pivotal position in the microelectronics industry due to their role in monitoring physiological movements and signals. Sensors designed and developed using a wide range of fabrication techniques have been integrated with communication modules for transceiving signals. This paper highlights the entire chronology of wearable sensors in the biomedical sector, starting from their fabrication in a controlled environment to their integration with signal-conditioning circuits for application purposes. It also highlights sensing products that are currently available on the market for a comparative study of their performances. The conjugation of the sensing prototypes with the Internet of Things (IoT) for forming fully functioning sensorized systems is also shown here. Finally, some of the challenges existing within the current wearable systems are shown, along with possible remedies.
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Kim S, Cho W, Won DJ, Kim J. Textile-type triboelectric nanogenerator using Teflon wrapping wires as wearable power source. MICRO AND NANO SYSTEMS LETTERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40486-022-00150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWearable electronic devices such as mobile communication devices, portable computers, and various sensors are the latest significant innovations in technology which use the Internet of Things (IoT) to track personal data. Wearable energy harvesters are required to supply electricity to such devices for the convenience of users. In this study, a textile-type triboelectric nanogenerator (T-TENG), produced using commercial electrode fibers, was fabricated to generate electrical energy using external mechanical stimulation. The commercial fiber was an electrode coated with Teflon on a copper wire with a diameter of ~ 320 μm. Using this commercial fiber, a T-TENG was easily fabricated by knitting and weaving. The performance of the T-TENG was analyzed to understand the effect of force and frequency. It was observed that the performance of the T-TENG did not degrade even under harsh conditions and treatment. The textile-type TENG possessed an energy harvesting capability with an output power density of ~ 0.36 W/m2 and could operate electronic devices by charging a capacitor.
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Joseph J, Ohtsuka M, Miki H, Kohl M. Thermal processes of miniature thermomagnetic generators in resonant self-actuation mode. iScience 2022; 25:104569. [PMID: 35784793 PMCID: PMC9240798 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of the heat transfer processes in miniature thermomagnetic generators (TMGs) that are based on the recently developed concept of resonant self-actuation of a cantilever enabling efficient conversion of thermal into electrical energy. A lumped element model (LEM) is introduced to describe the dynamics of heat intake during mechanical contact between a thermomagnetic (TM) film and heat source, and of heat dissipation. The key parameters governing heat intake and dissipation are the heat transfer coefficient at contact and the thermal resistance Rb of the bonding layer between TM film and cantilever, respectively. The effects of these parameters on the performance metrics are investigated for different heat source temperatures above the Curie temperature of the TM film. LEM simulations reveal critical values of κ and Rb, above which stable performance of energy generation occurs characterized by large stroke and frequency resulting in large power. Resonant self-actuation enables efficient thermomagnetic energy conversion A minimum temperature change (ΔT, here:6K) is required for resonant self-actuation Heat intake and ΔT strongly decrease below a critical heat transfer coefficient Low thermal resistance reduces heat dissipation and thus ΔT
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Recent Advances in Materials for Wearable Thermoelectric Generators and Biosensing Devices. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15124315. [PMID: 35744374 PMCID: PMC9230808 DOI: 10.3390/ma15124315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, self-powered health monitoring systems using a wearable thermoelectric generator (WTEG) have been rapidly developed since no battery is needed for continuous signal monitoring, and there is no need to worry about battery leakage. However, the existing materials and devices have limitations in rigid form factors and small-scale manufacturing. Moreover, the conventional bulky WTEG is not compatible with soft and deformable tissues, including human skins or internal organs. These limitations restrict the WTEG from stabilizing the thermoelectric gradient that is necessary to harvest the maximum body heat and generate valuable electrical energy. This paper summarizes recent advances in soft, flexible materials and device designs to overcome the existing challenges. Specifically, we discuss various organic and inorganic thermoelectric materials with their properties for manufacturing flexible devices. In addition, this review discusses energy budgets required for effective integration of WTEGs with wearable biomedical systems, which is the main contribution of this article compared to previous articles. Lastly, the key challenges of the existing WTEGs are discussed, followed by describing future perspectives for self-powered health monitoring systems.
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50
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Deng HT, Wang ZY, Wang YL, Wen DL, Zhang XS. Integrated hybrid sensing and microenergy for compact active microsystems. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2022; 8:61. [PMID: 35685964 PMCID: PMC9170723 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-022-00393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronics, as essential components of the Internet of Things (IoT), have attracted widespread attention, and the trend is to configure attractive wearable smart microsystems by integrating sensing, powering, and other functions. Herein, we developed an elastic hybrid triboelectric-electromagnetic microenergy harvester (named EHTE) to realize hybrid sensing and microenergy simultaneously. This EHTE is a highly integrated triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and electromagnetic nanogenerator (EMG). Based on the triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid mechanism, an enhanced electrical output of the EHTE was achieved successfully, which demonstrates the feasibility of the EHTE for microelectronics powering. Moreover, with the merits of the EMG, the developed hybrid microenergy harvester integrated both active frequency sensing and passive inductive sensing capabilities. Specifically, the almost linear correlation of the electromagnetic outputs to the frequencies of the external stimulus endowed the proposed EHTE with an outstanding active frequency sensing ability. In addition, due to the unique structural configuration of the EMG (i.e., a conductive permanent magnet (PM), hybrid deformation layer, and flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) coil), an opportunity was provided for the developed EHTE to serve as a passive inductive sensor based on the eddy current effect (i.e., a form of electromagnetic induction). Therefore, the developed EHTE successfully achieved the integration of hybrid sensing (i.e., active frequency sensing and passive inductive sensing) and microenergy (i.e., the combination of electromagnetic effect and triboelectric effect) within a single device, which demonstrates the potential of this newly developed EHTE for wearable electronic applications, especially in applications of compact active microsystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Deng
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Lin Wang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Dan-Liang Wen
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Sheng Zhang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, 611731 Chengdu, China
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