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Rusmil K, Fadlyana E, Girsang RT, Adrizain R, Reza Rahmadi A, Suryadinata H, Dwi Putra MG, Fulendry FP, Nashsyah DT, Utami RK, Zahra Mardiah B, Trisna Windiani IGA, Sugitha Adnyana IGAN, Sukma Pratiwi Murti NL, Agus Somia IK, Utama IMS, Soetjiningsih S, Mutiara ULN, Puspita M. Immunogenicity and Safety of SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Recombinant Vaccine (IndoVac ®) as a Booster Dose against COVID-19 in Indonesian Adults. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:540. [PMID: 38793791 PMCID: PMC11125677 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
According to the WHO target product profile for COVID-19 vaccines, the vaccine in development should be indicated for active immunisation in all populations. Therefore, PT Bio Farma developed a candidate vaccine in a subunit protein recombinant platform to help overcome the issue. This trial was an observer-blind, randomised, prospective intervention study. This study targeted individuals who had received complete primary doses of the authorised/approved COVID-19 vaccine. The groups were divided into the primary inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac®) group, the primary viral vector vaccine (ChAdOx1) group, and the primary mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) group that received the recombinant protein (IndoVac®). The groups were compared with the control and primary mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2). The participants enrolled in the study were from two primary care centres in Bandung City and three primary care centres in Denpasar City. A total of 696 participants were enrolled from 1 September to 31 October 2022. The demographic characteristics of the all-vaccine group showed a uniform distribution. The results showed that, compared with the control, the investigational product had inferior effectiveness 14 days after the booster dose was administered. However, 28 days after the booster dose, the investigational product exhibited non-inferior effectiveness compared with the primary groups that received CoronaVac® (GMR 0.76 (0.57-0.99)) and ChAdOx1 (GMR 0.72 (0.56-59.93)), but the BNT162b2 group (GMR 0.61 (0.39-0.94)) was inferior to the control. At 12 months follow-up after the booster dose, three serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported in three participants, with causality not correlated with the investigated products. Neither AEs of special interest nor severe COVID-19 cases were reported throughout the follow-up period; thus, the IndoVac® vaccine as a booster was immunogenic and safe. Until the 6-month follow-up after the booster dose, the IndoVac® vaccine was well tolerated and all reported AEs resolved. This vaccine is registered and can be included in the immunisation programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kusnandi Rusmil
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Eddy Fadlyana
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Rodman Tarigan Girsang
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Riyadi Adrizain
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Andri Reza Rahmadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (A.R.R.); (H.S.)
| | - Hendarsyah Suryadinata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (A.R.R.); (H.S.)
| | - Muhammad Gilang Dwi Putra
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Frizka Primadewi Fulendry
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Dinda Tiaraningrum Nashsyah
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Rona Kania Utami
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - Behesti Zahra Mardiah
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (K.R.); (R.T.G.); (R.A.); (M.G.D.P.); (F.P.F.); (D.T.N.); (R.K.U.); (B.Z.M.)
| | - I Gusti Ayu Trisna Windiani
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.G.A.T.W.); (I.G.A.N.S.A.); (N.L.S.P.M.); (S.S.)
| | - I Gusti Agung Ngurah Sugitha Adnyana
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.G.A.T.W.); (I.G.A.N.S.A.); (N.L.S.P.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Ni Luh Sukma Pratiwi Murti
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.G.A.T.W.); (I.G.A.N.S.A.); (N.L.S.P.M.); (S.S.)
| | - I Ketut Agus Somia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.K.A.S.); (I.M.S.U.)
| | - I Made Susila Utama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.K.A.S.); (I.M.S.U.)
| | - Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih
- Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Prof. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital, Denpasar 80114, Indonesia; (I.G.A.T.W.); (I.G.A.N.S.A.); (N.L.S.P.M.); (S.S.)
| | | | - Mita Puspita
- Global Clinical Development Division, PT Bio Farma, Bandung 40161, Indonesia; (U.L.N.M.); (M.P.)
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Tandel N, Patel D, Thakkar M, Shah J, Tyagi RK, Dalai SK. Poly(I:C) and R848 ligands show better adjuvanticity to induce B and T cell responses against the antigen(s). Heliyon 2024; 10:e26887. [PMID: 38455541 PMCID: PMC10918150 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Poly(I:C) and R848, synthetic ligands that activate Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and TLR7/8 respectively, have been well-established for their ability to stimulate the immune system and induce antigen-specific immune responses. These ligands are capable of inducing the production of cytokines and chemokines, and hence support the activation and differentiation of B and T cells. We saw the long-lasting and perdurable immune responses by these adjuvants essentially required for an efficacious subunit vaccine. In this study, we investigated the potential of poly(I:C) and R848 to elicit B and T cell responses to the OVA antigen. We assessed the stimulatory effects of these ligands on the immune system, their impact on B and T cell activation, and their ability to enhanced generation of B and T cells. Collectively, our findings contribute to the understanding how poly(I:C) and R848 can be utilized as an adjuvant system to enhance immune responses to protein-based subunit vaccines. In the end, this work provides insights for the development of novel vaccination strategies and improving the vaccine efficacy. Present work shall help formulate newer strategies for subunit vaccines to address the infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Tandel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Digna Patel
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Mansi Thakkar
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Jagrut Shah
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajeev K. Tyagi
- Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Biomedical Parasitology and Translational-immunology Lab, CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology (IMTECH), Chandigarh, India
| | - Sarat K. Dalai
- Institute of Science, Nirma University, SG highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
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Wang Y, Hu Y, Ma Y, Li P, Zhou S, Xu M, He B, Liu S, Lv K, Liu S, Zhang Y, Zhou N, Chen S, Ye F, Chen YQ. RBD class 1 and 2 antibody epitopes elicit around 70% neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2 virus following boosting with inactivated virus vaccine. Vaccine 2023; 41:7641-7646. [PMID: 38016845 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
A third dose of inactivated virus vaccine (IVV) boosts neutralizing antibodies, reducing SARS-CoV-2 transmission rate and COVID-19 severity. However, the impact of RBD-elicited antibodies and their neutralizing activity by the boost of IVV is unknown. We investigated the impact of IVV's boost shot on RBD-elicited antibodies and their neutralizing activity in 18 subjects receiving the second and third IVV doses. Using an RBD antibodies depletion assay, we assessed the neutralizing activity of RBD-elicited antibodies. After the second dose, RBD-antigen elicitation accounted for ∼60% of neutralizing activity, which increased to 82% after the IVV boost against ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Depleting class 3 and class 4-specific antibodies with the Beta-RBD protein revealed that NAbs targeting RBD class 1 and class 2 subdomains increased from 57% to 75% post-boost. These findings highlight the significant enhancement of RBD-specific antibodies, especially against RBD class 1 and class 2, with IVV booster doses. Our study offers valuable insights for optimizing COVID-19 vaccine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yunqi Hu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pengbin Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Siwei Zhou
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mengxin Xu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing He
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuning Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kexin Lv
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sizhe Liu
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Na Zhou
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifeng Chen
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ye
- The 74(th) Group Army Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yao-Qing Chen
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; National Medical Products Administration Key Laboratory for Quality Monitoring and Evaluation of Vaccines and Biological Products, Sun Yat-sen University, Guanzhou, China.
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Shorayeva K, Nakhanov A, Nurpeisova A, Chervyakova O, Jekebekov K, Abay Z, Assanzhanova N, Sadikaliyeva S, Kalimolda E, Terebay A, Moldagulova S, Absatova Z, Tulendibayev A, Kopeyev S, Nakhanova G, Issabek A, Nurabayev S, Kerimbayev A, Kutumbetov L, Abduraimov Y, Kassenov M, Orynbayev M, Zakarya K. Pre-Clinical Safety and Immunogenicity Study of a Coronavirus Protein-Based Subunit Vaccine for COVID-19. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1771. [PMID: 38140175 PMCID: PMC10748237 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Creating an effective and safe vaccine is critical to fighting the coronavirus infection successfully. Several types of COVID-19 vaccines exist, including inactivated, live attenuated, recombinant, synthetic peptide, virus-like particle-based, DNA and mRNA-based, and sub-unit vaccines containing purified immunogenic viral proteins. However, the scale and speed at which COVID-19 is spreading demonstrate a global public demand for an effective prophylaxis that must be supplied more. The developed products promise a bright future for SARS-CoV-2 prevention; however, evidence of safety and immunogenicity is mandatory before any vaccine can be produced. In this paper, we report on the results of our work examining the safety, toxicity, immunizing dose choice, and immunogenicity of QazCoVac-P, a Kazakhstan-made sub-unit vaccine for COVID-19. First, we looked into the product's safety profile by assessing its pyrogenicity in vaccinated rabbit models and using the LAL (limulus amebocyte lysate) test. We examined the vaccine's acute and sub-chronic toxicity on BALB/c mice and rats. The vaccine did not cause clinically significant toxicity-related changes or symptoms in our toxicity experiments. Finally, we performed a double immunization of mice, ferrets, Syrian hamsters, and rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). We used ELISA to measure antibody titers with the maximum mean geometric titer of antibodies in the animals' blood sera totaling approximately 8 log2. The results of this and other studies warrant recommending the QazCoVac-P vaccine for clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ainur Nurpeisova
- Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems, The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Gvardeiskiy 080409, Kazakhstan (Z.A.); (E.K.); (Z.A.)
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5
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Lai F, Li B, Mei J, Zhou Q, Long J, Liang R, Mo R, Peng S, Liu Y, Xiao H. The Impact of Vaccination Time on the Antibody Response to an Inactivated Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 (IMPROVE-2): A Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2300028. [PMID: 37300345 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
There is still controversy about whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination at different times of day will induce a stronger immune response. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2100045109) is conducted to investigate the impact of vaccination time on the antibody response to the inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 from April 15 to 28, 2021. Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in the morning or afternoon. The primary endpoint is the change of neutralizing antibody between baseline and 28 days after the second dose. In total, 503 participants are randomized, and 469 participants (238 in the morning group and 231 in the afternoon group) complete the follow-up. There is no significant difference in the change of neutralizing antibody between baseline and 28 days after the second dose between the morning and afternoon groups (22.2 [13.2, 45.0] AU mL-1 vs 22.0 [14.4, 40.7] AU mL-1 , P = 0.873). In prespecified age and sex subgroup analyses, there is also no significant difference in the morning and afternoon group (all P > 0.05). This study demonstrates that the vaccination time does not affect the antibody response of two doses of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Lai
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Bin Li
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Jianyan Long
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ruiming Liang
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Ruohui Mo
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Sui Peng
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- Clinical Trials Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
| | - Haipeng Xiao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 58, Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China
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Chiba S, Halfmann PJ, Iida S, Hirata Y, Sato Y, Kuroda M, Armbrust T, Spyra S, Suzuki T, Kawaoka Y. Recombinant spike protein vaccines coupled with adjuvants that have different modes of action induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccine 2023; 41:6025-6035. [PMID: 37635002 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The spike (S) protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a glycoprotein, expressed on the virion surface, that mediates infection of host cells by directly interacting with host receptors. As such, it is a reasonable target to neutralize the infectivity of the virus. Here we found that a recombinant S protein vaccine adjuvanted with Alhydrogel or the QS-21-like adjuvant Quil-A effectively induced anti-S receptor binding domain (RBD) serum IgG and neutralizing antibody titers in the Syrian hamster model, resulting in significantly low SARS-CoV-2 replication in respiratory organs and reduced body weight loss upon virus challenge. Severe lung inflammation upon virus challenge was also strongly suppressed by vaccination. We also found that the S protein vaccine adjuvanted with Alhydrogel, Quil-A, or an AS03-like adjuvant elicited significantly higher neutralizing antibody titers in mice than did unadjuvanted vaccine. Although the neutralizing antibody titers against the variant viruses B.1.351 and B.1.617.2 declined markedly in mice immunized with wild-type S protein, the binding antibody levels against the variant S proteins were equivalent to those against wild-type S. When splenocytes from the immunized mice were re-stimulated with the S protein in vitro, the induced Th1 or Th2 cytokine levels were not significantly different upon re-stimulation with wild-type S or variant S, suggesting that the T-cell responses against the variants were the same as those against the wild-type virus. Upon Omicron XBB-challenge in hamsters, wild-type S-vaccination with Alhydrogel or AS03 reduced lung virus titers on Day 3, and the Quil-A adjuvanted group showed less body weight loss, although serum neutralizing antibody titers against XBB were barely detected in vitro. Collectively, recombinant vaccines coupled with different adjuvants may be promising modalities to combat new variant viruses by inducing various arms of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiho Chiba
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Peter J Halfmann
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Shun Iida
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hirata
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuko Sato
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuroda
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Tammy Armbrust
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Samuel Spyra
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Tadaki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA; Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; The Research Center for Global Viral Diseases, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan; Pandemic Preparedness, Infection and Advanced Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan.
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7
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Wang S, Qin M, Xu L, Mu T, Zhao P, Sun B, Wu Y, Song L, Wu H, Wang W, Liu X, Li Y, Yang F, Xu K, He Z, Klein M, Wu K. Aerosol Inhalation of Chimpanzee Adenovirus Vectors (ChAd68) Expressing Ancestral or Omicron BA.1 Stabilized Pre-Fusion Spike Glycoproteins Protects Non-Human Primates against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1427. [PMID: 37766104 PMCID: PMC10535855 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11091427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current COVID-19 vaccines are effective countermeasures to control the SARS-CoV-2 virus pandemic by inducing systemic immune responses through intramuscular injection. However, respiratory mucosal immunization will be needed to elicit local sterilizing immunity to prevent virus replication in the nasopharynx, shedding, and transmission. In this study, we first compared the immunoprotective ability of a chimpanzee replication-deficient adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine expressing a stabilized pre-fusion spike glycoprotein from the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain Wuhan-Hu-1 (BV-AdCoV-1) administered through either aerosol inhalation, intranasal spray, or intramuscular injection in cynomolgus monkeys and rhesus macaques. Compared with intranasal administration, aerosol inhalation of BV-AdCoV-1 elicited stronger humoral and mucosal immunity that conferred excellent protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques. Importantly, aerosol inhalation induced immunity comparable to that obtained by intramuscular injection, although at a significantly lower dose. Furthermore, to address the problem of immune escape variants, we evaluated the merits of heterologous boosting with an adenovirus-based Omicron BA.1 vaccine (C68-COA04). Boosting rhesus macaques vaccinated with two doses of BV-AdCoV-1 with either the homologous or the heterologous C68-COA04 vector resulted in cross-neutralizing immunity against WT, Delta, and Omicron subvariants, including BA.4/5 stronger than that obtained by administering a bivalent BV-AdCoV-1/C68-COA04 vaccine. These results demonstrate that the administration of BV-AdCoV-1 or C68-COA04 via aerosol inhalation is a promising approach to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission and curtail the pandemic spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- Regulatory and Medical Affairs Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (S.W.); (L.S.)
| | - Mian Qin
- Project Management Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Q.); (L.X.)
| | - Long Xu
- Project Management Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Q.); (L.X.)
| | - Ting Mu
- Innovative Discovery Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (T.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Ping Zhao
- Test Development Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (P.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Bing Sun
- Innovative Discovery Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (T.M.); (B.S.)
| | - Yue Wu
- Test Development Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (P.Z.); (Y.W.)
| | - Lingli Song
- Regulatory and Medical Affairs Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China; (S.W.); (L.S.)
| | - Han Wu
- Quality Control Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Weicheng Wang
- Pilot Production Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Xingwen Liu
- Quality Assurance Department, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Yanyan Li
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650000, China; (Y.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Fengmei Yang
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650000, China; (Y.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ke Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;
- Executive Office, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Zhanlong He
- Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Kunming 650000, China; (Y.L.); (Z.H.)
| | - Michel Klein
- Executive Office, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
- Executive Office, Shanghai BravoBio Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Ke Wu
- Executive Office, Wuhan BravoVax Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China;
- Executive Office, Shanghai BravoBio Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200000, China
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8
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Lozano D, Larraga V, Vallet-Regí M, Manzano M. An Overview of the Use of Nanoparticles in Vaccine Development. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1828. [PMID: 37368258 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines represent one of the most significant advancements in public health since they prevented morbidity and mortality in millions of people every year. Conventionally, vaccine technology focused on either live attenuated or inactivated vaccines. However, the application of nanotechnology to vaccine development revolutionized the field. Nanoparticles emerged in both academia and the pharmaceutical industry as promising vectors to develop future vaccines. Regardless of the striking development of nanoparticles vaccines research and the variety of conceptually and structurally different formulations proposed, only a few of them advanced to clinical investigation and usage in the clinic so far. This review covered some of the most important developments of nanotechnology applied to vaccine technologies in the last few years, focusing on the successful race for the preparation of lipid nanoparticles employed in the successful anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lozano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Larraga
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Manzano
- Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre i + 12, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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9
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Gong YM, Wei XF, Zheng YY, Li Y, Yu Q, Li PF, Zhu B. Combining Phage Display Technology with In Silico-Designed Epitope Vaccine to Elicit Robust Antibody Responses against Emerging Pathogen Tilapia Lake Virus. J Virol 2023; 97:e0005023. [PMID: 36975794 PMCID: PMC10134809 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00050-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen epitope identification is a critical step in the vaccine development process and is a momentous cornerstone for the development of safe and efficient epitope vaccines. In particular, vaccine design is difficult when the function of the protein encoded by the pathogen is unknown. The genome of Tilapia lake virus (TiLV), an emerging virus from fish, encodes protein functions that have not been elucidated, resulting in a lag and uncertainty in vaccine development. Here, we propose a feasible strategy for emerging viral disease epitope vaccine development using TiLV. We determined the targets of specific antibodies in serum from a TiLV survivor by panning a Ph.D.-12 phage library, and we identified a mimotope, TYTTRMHITLPI, referred to as Pep3, which provided protection against TiLV after prime-boost vaccination; its immune protection rate was 57.6%. Based on amino acid sequence alignment and structure analysis of the target protein from TiLV, we further identified a protective antigenic site (399TYTTRNEDFLPT410) which is located on TiLV segment 1 (S1). The epitope vaccine with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH-S1399-410) corresponding to the mimotope induced the tilapia to produce a durable and effective antibody response after immunization, and the antibody depletion test confirmed that the specific antibody against S1399-410 was necessary to neutralize TiLV. Surprisingly, the challenge studies in tilapia demonstrated that the epitope vaccine elicited a robust protective response against TiLV challenge, and the survival rate reached 81.8%. In conclusion, this study revealed a concept for screening antigen epitopes of emerging viral diseases, providing promising approaches for development and evaluation of protective epitope vaccines against viral diseases. IMPORTANCE Antigen epitope determination is an important cornerstone for developing efficient vaccines. In this study, we attempted to explore a novel approach for epitope discovery of TiLV, which is a new virus in fish. We investigated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of all antigenic sites (mimotopes) identified in serum of primary TiLV survivors by using a Ph.D.-12 phage library. We also recognized and identified the natural epitope of TiLV by bioinformatics, evaluated the immunogenicity and protective effect of this antigenic site by immunization, and revealed 2 amino acid residues that play important roles in this epitope. Both Pep3 and S1399-410 (a natural epitope identified by Pep3) elicited antibody titers in tilapia, but S1399-410 was more prominent. Antibody depletion studies showed that anti-S1399-410-specific antibodies were essential for neutralizing TiLV. Our study demonstrated a model for combining experimental and computational screens to identify antigen epitopes, which is attractive for epitope-based vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Ying Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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10
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Bayani F, Hashkavaei NS, Arjmand S, Rezaei S, Uskoković V, Alijanianzadeh M, Uversky VN, Ranaei Siadat SO, Mozaffari-Jovin S, Sefidbakht Y. An overview of the vaccine platforms to combat COVID-19 with a focus on the subunit vaccines. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 178:32-49. [PMID: 36801471 PMCID: PMC9938630 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is an emerging virus that has caused the recent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) global pandemic. The current approved COVID-19 vaccines have shown considerable efficiency against hospitalization and death. However, the continuation of the pandemic for more than two years and the likelihood of new strain emergence despite the global rollout of vaccination highlight the immediate need for the development and improvement of vaccines. mRNA, viral vector, and inactivated virus vaccine platforms were the first members of the worldwide approved vaccine list. Subunit vaccines. which are vaccines based on synthetic peptides or recombinant proteins, have been used in lower numbers and limited countries. The unavoidable advantages of this platform, including safety and precise immune targeting, make it a promising vaccine with wider global use in the near future. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on different vaccine platforms, focusing on the subunit vaccines and their clinical trial advancements against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bayani
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sareh Arjmand
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokouh Rezaei
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vuk Uskoković
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, USA; TardigradeNano LLC, Irvine, CA, 92604, USA
| | - Mahdi Alijanianzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | | | - Sina Mozaffari-Jovin
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yahya Sefidbakht
- Protein Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Karimi S, Nazarian S, Sotoodehnejadnematalahi F, Dorostkar R, Amani J. Designing and Expression of Recombinant Chimeric Spike Protein from SARS-CoV-2 in Escherichia coli and Its Immunogenicity Assessment. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2023; 22:e137751. [PMID: 38116554 PMCID: PMC10728857 DOI: 10.5812/ijpr-137751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Since December 2019, the world has been grappling with an ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic. Various virus variants have emerged over the past two years, each posing a greater threat than its predecessors. The recent appearance of the omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has raised significant alarm within the field of epidemiology due to its highly contagious nature and rapid transmission rate. The omicron variant possessed mutations in the key receptor-binding domain (RBD) region, the S region, and these modifications have shown a notable impact on the strain's susceptibility to neutralizing antibodies. Developing safe and efficient vaccines to prevent a future severe acute respiratory outbreak of coronavirus syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is significant. Viral surface spike proteins are ideal targets for vaccines. This study aimed to find a multi-subunit chimeric vaccine. After conducting bioinformatics analysis, the recombinant spike (RS) protein of SARS-CoV-2 was deliberately designed and subsequently produced using E. coli expression systems. The immunogenicity of RS and neutralizing antibody responses were evaluated on immunized BALB/c mice. There was a significant difference in antibody titers between RS-immunized mice and control groups. The endpoint of the serum antibody titer of mice immunized with our chimeric protein was 2.5 times higher than that of the negative control. The chimeric construct could present multiple antigens simultaneously, influentially affecting immunization. Sera from mice vaccinated by RS could recognize the SARS-CoV-2 virus and neutralize antibodies. Our chimeric peptide could bind to antibodies in the serum of patients infected with different serotypes of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such as alpha, delta, and omicron variants. The results indicated that the RS protein would be a potential novel antigenic candidate for subunit vaccine development and could be used as a useful alternative to generate diagnostic serological tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Karimi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Roohollah Dorostkar
- Applied Virology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jafar Amani
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, System Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Han L, An C, Liu D, Wang Z, Bian L, He Q, Liu J, Wang Q, Liu M, Mao Q, Hang T, Wang A, Gao F, Tan D, Liang Z. Development of an ELISA Assay for the Determination of SARS-CoV-2 Protein Subunit Vaccine Antigen Content. Viruses 2022; 15:62. [PMID: 36680102 PMCID: PMC9860593 DOI: 10.3390/v15010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) protein subunit vaccine is one of the mainstream technology platforms for the development of COVID-19 vaccines, and most R&D units use the receptor-binding domain (RBD) or spike (S) protein as the main target antigen. The complexity of vaccine design, sequence, and expression systems makes it urgent to establish common antigen assays to facilitate vaccine development. In this study, we report the development of a double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the antigen content of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit vaccines based on the United States Pharmacopeia <1220> and ICH (international conference on harmonization) Q14 and Q2 (R2) requirements. A monoclonal antibody (mAb), 20D8, was identified as the detection antibody based on its high RBD binding activity (EC50 = 8.4 ng/mL), broad-spectrum anti-variant neutralizing activity (EC50: 2.7−9.8 ng/mL for pseudovirus and EC50: 9.6−127 ng/mL for authentic virus), good in vivo protection, and a recognized linear RBD epitope (369−379 aa). A porcine anti-RBD polyclonal antibody was selected as the coating antibody. Assay performance met the requirements of the analytical target profile with an accuracy and precision of ≥90% and adequate specificity. Within the specification range of 70−143%, the method capability index was >0.96; the misjudgment probability was <0.39%. The method successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit vaccine antigens (RBD or S protein sequences in Alpha, Beta, Gamma, or Delta variants) obtained from five different manufacturers. Thus, we present a new robust, reliable, and general method for measuring the antigenic content of SARS-CoV-2 protein subunit vaccines. In addition to currently marketed and emergency vaccines, it is suitable for vaccines in development containing antigens derived from pre-Omicron mutant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Chaoqiang An
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102629, China
| | - Dong Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Changchun 130062, China
| | - Zejun Wang
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lianlian Bian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qian He
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qian Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Mingchen Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qunying Mao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Taijun Hang
- College of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Zheng Zhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fan Gao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Dejiang Tan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
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13
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Zhang J, He Q, Yan X, Liu J, Bai Y, An C, Cui B, Gao F, Mao Q, Wang J, Xu M, Liang Z. Mixed formulation of mRNA and protein-based COVID-19 vaccines triggered superior neutralizing antibody responses. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e188. [PMID: 36474858 PMCID: PMC9717706 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating different types of vaccines into a singular immunization regimen is an effective and accessible approach to strengthen and broaden the immunogenicity of existing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine candidates. To optimize the immunization strategy of the novel mRNA-based vaccine and recombinant protein subunit vaccine that attracted much attention in COVID-19 vaccine development, we evaluated the immunogenicity of different combined regimens with the mRNA vaccine (RNA-RBD) and protein subunit vaccine (PS-RBD) in mice. Compared with homologous immunization of RNA-RBD or PS-RBD, heterologous prime-boost strategies for mRNA and protein subunit vaccines failed to simultaneously enhance neutralizing antibody (NAb) and Th1 cellular response in this study, showing modestly higher serum neutralizing activity and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity for "PS-RBD prime, RNA-RBD boost" and robust Th1 type cellular response for "RNA-RBD prime, PS-RBD boost". Interestingly, immunizing the mice with the mixed formulation of the two aforementioned vaccines in various proportions further significantly enhanced the NAb responses against ancestral, Delta, and Omicron strains and manifested increased Th1-type responses, suggesting that a mixed formulation of mRNA and protein vaccines might be a more prospective vaccination strategy. This study provides basic research data on the combined vaccination strategies of mRNA and protein-based COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Zhang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qian He
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xujia Yan
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Bai
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chaoqiang An
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Bopei Cui
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fan Gao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Qunying Mao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Miao Xu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug ControlNHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological ProductsBeijingPeople's Republic of China
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14
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Alcolea PJ, Larraga J, Rodríguez-Martín D, Alonso A, Loayza FJ, Rojas JM, Ruiz-García S, Louloudes-Lázaro A, Carlón AB, Sánchez-Cordón PJ, Nogales-Altozano P, Redondo N, Manzano M, Lozano D, Palomero J, Montoya M, Vallet-Regí M, Martín V, Sevilla N, Larraga V. Non-replicative antibiotic resistance-free DNA vaccine encoding S and N proteins induces full protection in mice against SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1023255. [PMID: 36439169 PMCID: PMC9682132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1023255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines currently in use have contributed to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. Notwithstanding, the high mutation rate, fundamentally in the spike glycoprotein (S), is causing the emergence of new variants. Solely utilizing this antigen is a drawback that may reduce the efficacy of these vaccines. Herein we present a DNA vaccine candidate that contains the genes encoding the S and the nucleocapsid (N) proteins implemented into the non-replicative mammalian expression plasmid vector, pPAL. This plasmid lacks antibiotic resistance genes and contains an alternative selectable marker for production. The S gene sequence was modified to avoid furin cleavage (Sfs). Potent humoral and cellular immune responses were observed in C57BL/6J mice vaccinated with pPAL-Sfs + pPAL-N following a prime/boost regimen by the intramuscular route applying in vivo electroporation. The immunogen fully protected K18-hACE2 mice against a lethal dose (105 PFU) of SARS-CoV-2. Viral replication was completely controlled in the lungs, brain, and heart of vaccinated mice. Therefore, pPAL-Sfs + pPAL-N is a promising DNA vaccine candidate for protection from COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro J. Alcolea
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jaime Larraga
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Rodríguez-Martín
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alonso
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Loayza
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José M. Rojas
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Ruiz-García
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés Louloudes-Lázaro
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B. Carlón
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro J. Sánchez-Cordón
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Nogales-Altozano
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Redondo
- Inmunología Viral: Terapias y Vacunas. Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Manzano
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomateriales Inteligentes (GIBI), Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Lozano
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomateriales Inteligentes (GIBI), Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Palomero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology. Instituto de Neurociencias de castilla y León (INCyL), Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), School of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Montoya
- Inmunología Viral: Terapias y Vacunas. Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Vallet-Regí
- Grupo de Investigación en Biomateriales Inteligentes (GIBI), Departamento de Química en Ciencias Farmacéuticas. Facultad de Farmacia. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital 12 de Octubre i+12, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Martín
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noemí Sevilla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nuevas Estrategias de Control de Patógenos Relevantes en Sanidad Animal, Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vicente Larraga
- Laboratorio de Parasitología Molecular, Unidad de Desarrollo de Fármacos Biológicos, Inmunológicos y Químicos para la Salud Global (BICS), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIBMS-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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15
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B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 Variant Exhibits Higher Virulence but Less Viral Shedding than That of the Ancestral Strain in Young Nonhuman Primates. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0226322. [PMID: 36069561 PMCID: PMC9603226 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02263-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the distribution, virulence, and pathogenic characteristics of mutated SARS-CoV-2 to clarify the association between virulence and the viral spreading ability of current and future circulating strains. Chinese rhesus macaques were infected with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain GD108 and Beta variant B.1.351 (B.1.351) and assessed for clinical signs, viral distribution, pathological changes, and pulmonary inflammation. We found that GD108 replicated more efficiently in the upper respiratory tract, whereas B.1.351 replicated more efficiently in the lower respiratory tract and lung tissue, implying a reduced viral shedding and spreading ability of B.1.351 compared with that of GD108. Importantly, B.1.351 caused more severe lung injury and dramatically elevated the level of inflammatory cytokines compared with those observed after infection with GD108. Moreover, both B.1.351 and GD108 induced spike-specific T-cell responses at an early stage of infection, with higher levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the B.1.351 group and higher levels of interleukin 17 (IL-17) in the GD108 group, indicating a divergent pattern in the T-cell-mediated inflammatory "cytokine storm." This study provides a basis for exploring the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and establishes an applicable animal model for evaluating the efficacy and safety of vaccines and drugs. IMPORTANCE One of the priorities of the current SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and drug research strategy is to determine the changes in transmission ability, virulence, and pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition, nonhuman primates (NHPs) are suitable animal models for the study of the pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and could contribute to the understanding of pathogenicity and transmission mechanisms. As SARS-CoV-2 variants continually emerge and the viral biological characteristics change frequently, the establishment of NHP infection models for different VOCs is urgently needed. In the study, the virulence and tissue distribution of B.1.351 and GD108 were comprehensively studied in NHPs. We concluded that the B.1.351 strain was more virulent but exhibited less viral shedding than the latter. This study provides a basis for determining the pathogenic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and establishes an applicable animal model for evaluating the efficacy and safety of vaccines and drugs.
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16
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Liu D, An C, Bai Y, Li K, Liu J, Wang Q, He Q, Song Z, Zhang J, Song L, Cui B, Mao Q, Jiang W, Liang Z. A Novel Single-Stranded RNA-Based Adjuvant Improves the Immunogenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Recombinant Protein Vaccine. Viruses 2022; 14:v14091854. [PMID: 36146661 PMCID: PMC9504790 DOI: 10.3390/v14091854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The research and development (R&D) of novel adjuvants is an effective measure for improving the immunogenicity of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) recombinant protein vaccine. Toward this end, we designed a novel single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant, L2, from the SARS-CoV-2 prototype genome. L2 could initiate retinoic acid-inducible gene-I signaling pathways to effectively activate the innate immunity. ZF2001, an aluminum hydroxide (Al) adjuvanted SARS-CoV-2 recombinant receptor binding domain (RBD) subunit vaccine with emergency use authorization in China, was used for comparison. L2, with adjuvant compatibility with RBD, elevated the antibody response to a level more than that achieved with Al, CpG 7909, or poly(I:C) as adjuvants in mice. L2 plus Al with composite adjuvant compatibility with RBD markedly improved the immunogenicity of ZF2001; in particular, neutralizing antibody titers increased by about 44-fold for Omicron, and the combination also induced higher levels of antibodies than CpG 7909/poly(I:C) plus Al in mice. Moreover, L2 and L2 plus Al effectively improved the Th1 immune response, rather than the Th2 immune response. Taken together, L2, used as an adjuvant, enhanced the immune response of the SARS-CoV-2 recombinant RBD protein vaccine in mice. These findings should provide a basis for the R&D of novel RNA-based adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Changchun 130062, China
| | - Chaoqiang An
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Kelei Li
- Beijing Minhai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing 102629, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qian He
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Ziyang Song
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Lifang Song
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Bopei Cui
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Qunying Mao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Changchun Institute of Biological Products Co., Ltd., Changchun 130062, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, NHC Key Laboratory of Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Evaluation of Biological Products, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
- Correspondence: (W.J.); (Z.L.)
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17
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He Q, Mao Q, Zhang J, Gao F, Bai Y, Cui B, Liu J, An C, Wang Q, Yan X, Yang J, Song L, Song Z, Liu D, Yuan Y, Sun J, Zhao J, Bian L, Wu X, Huang W, Li C, Wang J, Liang Z, Xu M. Heterologous immunization with adenovirus vectored and inactivated vaccines effectively protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice and macaques. Front Immunol 2022; 13:949248. [PMID: 36059554 PMCID: PMC9428284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.949248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To cope with the decline in COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity caused by emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants, a heterologous immunization regimen using chimpanzee adenovirus vectored vaccine expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike (ChAd-S) and an inactivated vaccine (IV) was tested in mice and non-human primates (NHPs). Heterologous regimen successfully enhanced or at least maintained antibody and T cell responses and effectively protected against SARS-CoV-2 variants in mice and NHPs. An additional heterologous booster in mice further improved and prolonged the spike-specific antibody response and conferred effective neutralizing activity against the Omicron variant. Interestingly, priming with ChAd-S and boosting with IV reduced the lung injury risk caused by T cell over activation in NHPs compared to homologous ChAd-S regimen, meanwhile maintained the flexibility of antibody regulation system to react to virus invasion by upregulating or preserving antibody levels. This study demonstrated the satisfactory compatibility of ChAd-S and IV in prime-boost vaccination in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qunying Mao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Gao
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Bopei Cui
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyang Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoqiang An
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xujia Yan
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jinghuan Yang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Lifang Song
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyang Song
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Yadi Yuan
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Lianlian Bian
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Wu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Weijin Huang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Changgui Li
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhi Wang, ; Zhenglun Liang, ; Miao Xu,
| | - Zhenglun Liang
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhi Wang, ; Zhenglun Liang, ; Miao Xu,
| | - Miao Xu
- Division of Hepatitis and Enterovirus Vaccines, Institute of Biological Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Junzhi Wang, ; Zhenglun Liang, ; Miao Xu,
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18
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Ávalos I, Lao T, Rodríguez EM, Zamora Y, Rodríguez A, Ramón A, Lemos G, Cabrales A, Bequet-Romero M, Casillas D, Andújar I, Espinosa LA, González LJ, Alvarez Y, Carpio Y, Estrada MP. Chimeric Antigen by the Fusion of SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain with the Extracellular Domain of Human CD154: A Promising Improved Vaccine Candidate. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:897. [PMID: 35746505 PMCID: PMC9228316 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10060897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 is a respiratory viral disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2. This disease has spread rapidly worldwide with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of protein spike (S) mediates the attachment of the virus to the host's cellular receptor. The RBD domain constitutes a very attractive target for subunit vaccine development due to its ability to induce a neutralizing antibody response against the virus. With the aim of boosting the immunogenicity of RBD, it was fused to the extracellular domain of CD154, an immune system modulator molecule. To obtain the chimeric protein, stable transduction of HEK-293 was carried out with recombinant lentivirus and polyclonal populations and cell clones were obtained. RBD-CD was purified from culture supernatant and further characterized by several techniques. RBD-CD immunogenicity evaluated in mice and non-human primates (NHP) indicated that recombinant protein was able to induce a specific and high IgG response after two doses. NHP sera also neutralize SARS-CoV-2 infection of Vero E6 cells. RBD-CD could improve the current vaccines against COVID-19, based in the enhancement of the host humoral and cellular response. Further experiments are necessary to confirm the utility of RBD-CD as a prophylactic vaccine and/or booster purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yamila Carpio
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, CIGB, Ave. 31 E/158 y 190, Havana 10600, Cuba; (I.Á.); (T.L.); (E.M.R.); (Y.Z.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (M.B.-R.); (D.C.); (I.A.); (L.A.E.); (L.J.G.); (Y.A.)
| | - Mario Pablo Estrada
- Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, CIGB, Ave. 31 E/158 y 190, Havana 10600, Cuba; (I.Á.); (T.L.); (E.M.R.); (Y.Z.); (A.R.); (A.R.); (G.L.); (A.C.); (M.B.-R.); (D.C.); (I.A.); (L.A.E.); (L.J.G.); (Y.A.)
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