1
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Zhang C, Wu Y, Hutton ARJ, Hidayat Bin Sabri A, Hobson JJ, Savage AC, McCarthy HO, Paredes AJ, Owen A, Rannard SP, Donnelly RF. Systemic delivery of bictegravir and tenofovir alafenamide using dissolving microneedles for HIV preexposure prophylaxis. Int J Pharm 2024; 660:124317. [PMID: 38851410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) continues to pose a serious threat to global health. Oral preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP), considered highly effective for HIV prevention, is the utilisation of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs before HIV exposure in high-risk uninfected individuals. However, ARV drugs are associated with poor patient compliance and pill fatigue due to their daily oral dosing. Therefore, an alternative strategy for drug delivery is required. In this work, two dissolving microneedle patches (MNs) containing either bictegravir (BIC) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) solid drug nanoparticles (SDNs) were developed for systemic delivery of a novel ARV regimen for potential HIV prevention. According to ex vivo skin deposition studies, approximately 11% and 50% of BIC and TAF was delivered using dissolving MNs, respectively. Pharmacokinetic studies in Sprague Dawley rats demonstrated that BIC MNs achieved a long-acting release profile, maintaining the relative plasma concentration above the 95% inhibitory concentration (IC95) for 3 weeks. For TAF MNs, a rapid release of drug and metabolism of TAF into TFV were obtained from the plasma samples. This work has shown that the proposed transdermal drug delivery platform could be potentially used as an alternative method to systemically deliver ARV drugs for HIV PrEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Yu Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Aaron R J Hutton
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Akmal Hidayat Bin Sabri
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - James J Hobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alison C Savage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Alejandro J Paredes
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Andrew Owen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Block H, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Steven P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZD, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
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2
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Hogarth C, Arnold K, Wright S, Elkateb H, Rannard S, McDonald TO. Navigating the challenges of lipid nanoparticle formulation: the role of unpegylated lipid surfactants in enhancing drug loading and stability. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:669-679. [PMID: 38235101 PMCID: PMC10791113 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00484h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles have proved an attractive approach for drug delivery; however, the challenges of optimising formulation stability and increasing drug loading have limited progression. In this work, we investigate the role of unpegylated lipid surfactants (helper lipids) in nanoparticle formation and the effect of blending helper lipids with pegylated lipid surfactants on the formation and stability of lipid-based nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation. Furthermore, blends of unpegylated/pegylated lipid surfactants were examined for ability to accommodate higher drug loading formulations by means of a higher weight percentage (wt%) of drug relative to total mass of formulation components (i.e. drug, surfactants and lipids). Characterisation included evaluation of particle diameter, size distribution, drug loading and nanoformulation stability. Our findings demonstrate that the addition of unpegylated lipid surfactant (Lipoid S100) to pegylated lipid surfactant (Brij S20) enhances stability, particularly at higher weight percentages of the core material. This blending approach enables drug loading capacities exceeding 10% in the lipid nanoparticles. Notably, Lipoid S100 exhibited nucleating properties that aided in the formation and stabilisation of the nanoparticles. Furthermore, we examined the incorporation of a model drug into the lipid nanoparticle formulations. Blending the model drug with the core material disrupted the crystallinity of the core, offering additional potential benefits in terms of drug release and stability. This comprehensive investigation provides valuable insights into the interplay between surfactant properties, core material composition, and nanoparticle behaviour. The study enhances our understanding of lipid materials and offers guidance for the design and optimisation of lipid nanoparticle formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hogarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Keith Arnold
- Material Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Steve Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Heba Elkateb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Steve Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Material Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool Liverpool L7 3NY UK
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
- Department of Materials, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Henry Royce Institute, The University of Manchester Oxford Road Manchester UK
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3
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Bharadwaj A, Kaur R, Gupta S. Emerging Treatment Approaches for COVID-19 Infection: A Critical Review. Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:435-448. [PMID: 37070448 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230417112543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
In the present scenario, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has imposed enormous damage on human survival and the global financial system. It has been estimated that around 111 million people all around the world have been infected, and about 2.47 million people died due to this pandemic. The major symptoms were sneezing, coughing, cold, difficulty breathing, pneumonia, and multi-organ failure associated 1with SARS-CoV-2. Currently, two key problems, namely insufficient attempts to develop drugs against SARSCoV-2 and the lack of any biological regulating process, are mostly responsible for the havoc caused by this virus. Henceforth, developing a few novel drugs is urgently required to cure this pandemic. It has been noticed that the pathogenesis of COVID-19 is caused by two main events: infection and immune deficiency, that occur during the pathological process. Antiviral medication can treat both the virus and the host cells. Therefore, in the present review, the major approaches for the treatment have been divided into "target virus" and "target host" groups. These two mechanisms primarily rely on drug repositioning, novel approaches, and possible targets. Initially, we discussed the traditional drugs per the physicians' recommendations. Moreover, such therapeutics have no potential to fight against COVID-19. After that, detailed investigation and analysis were conducted to find some novel vaccines and monoclonal antibodies and conduct a few clinical trials to check their effectiveness against SARSCoV- 2 and mutant strains. Additionally, this study presents the most successful methods for its treatment, including combinatorial therapy. Nanotechnology was studied to build efficient nanocarriers to overcome the traditional constraints of antiviral and biological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Bharadwaj
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, UP, India
| | - Rasanpreet Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, UP, India
| | - Saurabh Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, UP, India
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4
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Liu C, Hern FY, Shakil A, Temburnikar K, Chambon P, Liptrott N, McDonald TO, Neary M, Flexner C, Owen A, Meyers CF, Rannard SP. Polymer-prodrug conjugates as candidates for degradable, long-acting implants, releasing the water-soluble nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor emtricitabine. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:11532-11543. [PMID: 37955203 PMCID: PMC10718295 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02268d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Circulating, soluble polymer-drug conjugates have been utilised for many years to aid the delivery of sensitive, poorly-soluble or cytotoxic drugs, prolong circulation times or minimise side effects. Long-acting therapeutics are increasing in their healthcare importance, with intramuscular and subcutaneous administration of liquid formulations being most common. Degradable implants also offer opportunities and the use of polymer-prodrug conjugates as implant materials has not been widely reported in this context. Here, the potential for polymer-prodrug conjugates of the water soluble nucleoside reverse transciption inhibitor emtricitabine (FTC) is studied. A novel diol monomer scaffold, allowing variation of prodrug substitution, has been used to form polyesters and polycarbonates by step-growth polymerisation. Materials have been screened for physical properties that enable implant formation, studied for drug release to provide mechanistic insights, and tunable prolonged release of FTC has been demonstrated over a period of at least two weeks under relevant physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Faye Y Hern
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Anika Shakil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Kartik Temburnikar
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Pierre Chambon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Neill Liptrott
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Megan Neary
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Charles Flexner
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Andrew Owen
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Caren Freel Meyers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
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5
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Ullah Nayan M, Sillman B, Hasan M, Deodhar S, Das S, Sultana A, Thai Hoang Le N, Soriano V, Edagwa B, Gendelman HE. Advances in long-acting slow effective release antiretroviral therapies for treatment and prevention of HIV infection. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115009. [PMID: 37451501 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Adherence to daily oral antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a barrier to both treatment and prevention of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. To overcome limitations of life-long daily regimen adherence, long-acting (LA) injectable antiretroviral (ARV) drugs, nanoformulations, implants, vaginal rings, microarray patches, and ultra-long-acting (ULA) prodrugs are now available or in development. These medicines enable persons who are or at risk for HIV infection to be treated with simplified ART regimens. First-generation LA cabotegravir, rilpivirine, and lenacapavir injectables and a dapivirine vaginal ring are now in use. However, each remains limited by existing dosing intervals, ease of administration, or difficulties in finding drug partners. ULA ART regimens provide an answer, but to date, such next-generation formulations remain in development. Establishing the niche will require affirmation of extended dosing, improved access, reduced injection volumes, improved pharmacokinetic profiles, selections of combination treatments, and synchronization of healthcare support. Based on such needs, this review highlights recent pharmacological advances and a future treatment perspective. While first-generation LA ARTs are available for HIV care, they remain far from ideal in meeting patient needs. ULA medicines, now in advanced preclinical development, may close gaps toward broader usage and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ullah Nayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Brady Sillman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Mahmudul Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Suyash Deodhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Srijanee Das
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Ashrafi Sultana
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | - Nam Thai Hoang Le
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA
| | | | - Benson Edagwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA.
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, NE, USA.
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6
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Curley P, Hobson JJ, Liptrott NJ, Makarov E, Al-Khouja A, Tatham L, David CAW, Box H, Neary M, Sharp J, Pertinez H, Meyers D, Flexner C, Freel Meyers CL, Poluektova L, Rannard S, Owen A. Preclinical Evaluation of Long-Acting Emtricitabine Semi-Solid Prodrug Nanoparticle Formulations. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1835. [PMID: 37514020 PMCID: PMC10383755 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations promise to deliver patient benefits by overcoming issues associated with non-adherence. A preclinical assessment of semi-solid prodrug nanoparticle (SSPN) LAI formulations of emtricitabine (FTC) is reported here. Pharmacokinetics over 28 days were assessed in Wistar rats, New Zealand white rabbits, and Balb/C mice following intramuscular injection. Two lead formulations were assessed for the prevention of an HIV infection in NSG-cmah-/- humanised mice to ensure antiviral activities were as anticipated according to the pharmacokinetics. Cmax was reached by 12, 48, and 24 h in rats, rabbits, and mice, respectively. Plasma concentrations were below the limit of detection (2 ng/mL) by 21 days in rats and rabbits, and 28 days in mice. Mice treated with SSPN formulations demonstrated undetectable viral loads (700 copies/mL detection limit), and HIV RNA remained undetectable 28 days post-infection in plasma, spleen, lung, and liver. The in vivo data presented here demonstrate that the combined prodrug/SSPN approach can provide a dramatically extended pharmacokinetic half-life across multiple preclinical species. Species differences in renal clearance of FTC mean that longer exposures are likely to be achievable in humans than in preclinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Curley
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - James J Hobson
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Neill J Liptrott
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Edward Makarov
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Amer Al-Khouja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Lee Tatham
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Christopher A W David
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Helen Box
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Megan Neary
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Joanne Sharp
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Henry Pertinez
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - David Meyers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Charles Flexner
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Caren L Freel Meyers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Larisa Poluektova
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Centre, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Steve Rannard
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- Centre of Excellence in Long-Acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
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7
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Jindal AB, Bhide AR, Salave S, Rana D, Benival D. Long-acting Parenteral Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 198:114862. [PMID: 37160247 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The management of chronic conditions often requires patients to take daily medication for an extended duration. However, the need for daily dosing can lead to nonadherence to the therapy, which can result in the recurrence of the disease. Long-acting parenteral drug delivery systems have the potential to improve the treatment of chronic conditions. These systems use various technologies, such as oil-based injectables, PLGA-based microspheres, and in situ forming gel-based depots, to deliver different types of drugs. The use of long-acting parenteral formulations for the treatment of chronic infections such as HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis is a recent development in the field. Researchers are also exploring the use of long-acting parenteral formulations for the treatment of malaria, with the aim of reducing dosing frequency and improving adherence to treatment. This review discusses various aspects of long-acting formulation development, including the impact of the physicochemical properties of the drug, the type of long-acting formulation, and the route of administration. The clinical significance of long-acting formulations and recent advances in the field, such as long-acting nanoformulations and long-acting products currently in clinical trials, have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil B Jindal
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan - 333031, India.
| | - Atharva R Bhide
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan - 333031, India
| | - Sagar Salave
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A) An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dhwani Rana
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A) An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Derajram Benival
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research - Ahmedabad (NIPER-A) An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opp. Airforce Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar - 382355, Gujarat, India
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8
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Monroe MK, Wang H, Anderson CF, Qin M, Thio CL, Flexner C, Cui H. Antiviral supramolecular polymeric hydrogels by self-assembly of tenofovir-bearing peptide amphiphiles. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:489-498. [PMID: 36449365 PMCID: PMC9894536 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01649d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of long-acting antiviral therapeutic delivery systems is crucial to improve the current treatment and prevention of HIV and chronic HBV. We report here on the conjugation of tenofovir (TFV), an FDA approved nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI), to rationally designed peptide amphiphiles (PAs), to construct antiviral prodrug hydrogelators (TFV-PAs). The resultant conjugates can self-assemble into one-dimensional nanostructures in aqueous environments and consequently undergo rapid gelation upon injection into 1× PBS solution to create a drug depot. The TFV-PA designs containing two or three valines could attain instantaneous gelation, with one displaying sustained release for more than 28 days in vitro. Our studies suggest that minor changes in peptide design can result in differences in supramolecular morphology and structural stability, which impacted in vitro gelation and release. We envision the use of this system as an important delivery platform for the sustained, linear release of TFV at rates that can be precisely tuned to attain therapeutically relevant TFV plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya K Monroe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Caleb F Anderson
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Meng Qin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Chloe L Thio
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Charles Flexner
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Center for Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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9
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Shakil A, Hern FY, Liu C, Temburnikar K, Chambon P, Liptrott N, McDonald TO, Neary M, Owen A, Freel Meyers C, Rannard SP. Linear and branched polymer prodrugs of the water-soluble nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor emtricitabine as structural materials for long-acting implants. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:4395-4404. [PMID: 35604111 PMCID: PMC9199480 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb00825d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Long-acting drug delivery is a growing area of interest as it overcomes many challenges related to patient adherence to therapy and the pill burden associated with chronic illness. Injectable formulations are becoming more common and drug-releasing implants also provide several opportunities. Highly water soluble drug compounds are poor candidates for long-acting delivery. Here, the water-soluble nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor emtricitabine (FTC) has been used as a novel A-B monomer in step-growth polymerisation with chloroformate functional Cn monomers, to produce new poly(carbamate/carbonate) structures with varying architecture. The polymer prodrugs were all solid at ambient temperature and have been shown to release FTC when subjected to mixed gender human plasma. Vacuum compression moulding has been used to form solid rod implants without polymer degradation; the rods show FTC release over long periods in the presence of microsomes, establishing the basis of a polymer prodrug strategy for FTC delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Shakil
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Faye Y Hern
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Chung Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Kartik Temburnikar
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Pierre Chambon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Neill Liptrott
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Megan Neary
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
| | - Caren Freel Meyers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
- Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, L69 7ZD, UK
- Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L7 3NY, UK
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10
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Mandal S, Sunagawa SW, Prathipati PK, Belshan M, Shibata A, Destache CJ. Targeted Immuno-Antiretroviral to Promote Dual Protection against HIV: A Proof-of-Concept Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1942. [PMID: 35683795 PMCID: PMC9183115 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The C-C motif chemokine receptor-5 (CCR5) expression on the T-cell surface is the prime barrier to HIV/AIDS eradication, as it promotes both active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection and latency; however, antiretrovirals (ARVs) suppress plasma viral loads to non-detectable levels. Keeping this in mind, we strategically designed a targeted ARVs-loaded nanoformulation that targets CCR5 expressing T-cells (e.g., CD4+ cells). Conceptually, CCR5-blocking and targeted ARV delivery would be a dual protection strategy to prevent HIV infection. For targeting CCR5+ T-cells, the nanoformulation was surface conjugated with anti-CCR5 monoclonal antibodies (CCR5 mAb) and loaded with dolutegravir+tenofovir alafenamide (D+T) ARVs to block HIV replication. The result demonstrated that the targeted-ARV nanoparticle's multimeric CCR5 binding property improved its antigen-binding affinity, prolonged receptor binding, and ARV intracellular retention. Further, nanoformulation demonstrated high binding affinity to CCR5 expressing CD4+ cells, monocytes, and other CCR5+ T-cells. Finally, the short-term pre-exposure prophylaxis study demonstrated that prolonged CCR5 blockage and ARV presence further induced a "protective immune phenotype" with a boosted T-helper (Th), temporary memory (TM), and effector (E) sub-population. The proof-of-concept study that the targeted-ARV nanoformulation dual-action mechanism could provide a multifactorial solution toward achieving HIV "functional cure."
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhra Mandal
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Shawnalyn W. Sunagawa
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Pavan Kumar Prathipati
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
| | - Michael Belshan
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Annemarie Shibata
- Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
| | - Christopher J. Destache
- School of Pharmacy & Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA; (S.W.S.); (P.K.P.); (C.J.D.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
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11
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Wang H, Monroe M, Leslie F, Flexner C, Cui H. Supramolecular nanomedicines through rational design of self-assembling prodrugs. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:510-521. [PMID: 35459589 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in the development of nanomaterials have led to the creation of a plethora of functional constructs as drug delivery vehicles to address many dire medical needs. The emerging prodrug strategy provides an alternative solution to create nanomedicines of extreme simplicity by directly using the therapeutic agents as molecular building blocks. This Review outlines different prodrug-based drug delivery systems, highlights the advantages of the prodrug strategy for therapeutic delivery, and demonstrates how combinations of different functionalities - such as stimuli responsiveness, targeting propensity, and multidrug conjugation - can be incorporated into designed prodrug delivery systems. Furthermore, we discuss the opportunities and challenges facing this rapidly growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Maya Monroe
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Faith Leslie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Charles Flexner
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Institute for NanoBioTechnology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Center of Nanomedicine, The Wilmer Eye Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Department of Oncology and Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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12
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Pharmacokinetics of PEGylated Gold Nanoparticles: In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12030511. [PMID: 35159859 PMCID: PMC8838925 DOI: 10.3390/nano12030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Data suitable for assembling a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for nanoparticles (NPs) remain relatively scarce. Therefore, there is a trend in extrapolating the results of in vitro and in silico studies to in vivo nanoparticle hazard and risk assessment. To evaluate the reliability of such approach, a pharmacokinetic study was performed using the same polyethylene glycol-coated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs) in vitro and in vivo. As in vitro models, human cell lines TH1, A549, Hep G2, and 16HBE were employed. The in vivo PEG-AuNP biodistribution was assessed in rats. The internalization and exclusion of PEG-AuNPs in vitro were modeled as first-order rate processes with the partition coefficient describing the equilibrium distribution. The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained by fitting the model to the in vitro data and subsequently used for PBPK simulation in vivo. Notable differences were observed in the internalized amount of Au in individual cell lines compared to the corresponding tissues in vivo, with the highest found for renal TH1 cells and kidneys. The main reason for these discrepancies is the absence of natural barriers in the in vitro conditions. Therefore, caution should be exercised when extrapolating in vitro data to predict the in vivo NP burden and response to exposure.
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13
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Chandiwana NC, Serenata CM, Owen A, Rannard S, Pérez Casas C, Scott C, Hill A, Clayden P, Flexner C. Impact of long-acting therapies on the global HIV epidemic. AIDS 2021; 35:S137-S143. [PMID: 34848580 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Long-acting antiretroviral drugs have emerged as exciting treatment and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) options for people with HIV and at risk of HIV. Long-acting regimens may improve dosing convenience, tolerability and cost compared with current daily-based oral therapy. They can also circumvent stigma associated with oral therapy for both treatment and PrEP, thereby improving adherence and outcomes. Yet, multiple challenges remain, many specific to low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the epidemic is most concentrated and HIV prevention and treatment options are limited. To optimize the use of long-acting formulations, key outstanding questions must be addressed. Uncertain costing, scale-up manufacturing, complex delivery systems and implementation challenges are potential barriers when considering the scalability of long-acting ARVs for global use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nomathemba C Chandiwana
- Ezintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Celicia M Serenata
- Ezintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Andrew Owen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology
| | - Steve Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, Centre of Excellence in Long-acting Therapeutics (CELT), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Andrew Hill
- Department of Translational Medicine, Liverpool University, Liverpool
| | | | - Charles Flexner
- Divisions of Clinical Pharmacology and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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14
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Hogarth C, Arnold K, McLauchlin A, Rannard SP, Siccardi M, McDonald TO. Evaluating the impact of systematic hydrophobic modification of model drugs on the control, stability and loading of lipid-based nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9874-9884. [PMID: 34870664 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02297k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A significant number of new chemical entities in the drug development pipeline are poorly soluble, therefore routes that facilitate effective administration is of considerable value. Lipid nanoparticles have proved an attractive approach for drug delivery; however, challenges that include optimising drug loading and understanding the impact of drug physiochemical parameters on nanoparticle properties have limited progression. In this work, we investigate the effect of modifying the log P of a model drug on the formation and stability of lipid-based nanoparticles. A range of model drug analogues with systematically varying alkyl chains were produced using a lamivudine (nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor) scaffold and processed into lipid nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation. Characterisation included evaluation of particle diameter, size distribution, drug loading and nanoformulation stability. A distinct correlation with the LaMer model of nucleation was observed and log P appeared to strongly influence rates of nucleation. Model drugs with high log P were uniform in particle size and distribution and offered enhanced stability. In addition, various model drug/lipid blends were produced and their physical properties were investigated using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Complex mixtures of lipids were shown to influence formulation crystallinity and strategies to form uniform and stable lipid based nanoparticles of high drug loading- through manipulation of log P are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hogarth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
| | - Keith Arnold
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
| | - Andrew McLauchlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, 70 Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L69 3GF, UK
| | - Tom O McDonald
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZD, UK.
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15
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Krovi SA, Johnson LM, Luecke E, Achilles SL, van der Straten A. Advances in long-acting injectables, implants, and vaginal rings for contraception and HIV prevention. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113849. [PMID: 34186143 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Worldwide, women face compounding reproductive health risks, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sexually-transmitted infections (STIs), and unintended pregnancy. Multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs) offer combined protection against these overlapping risks in singular prevention products that offer potential for simplified use, lower burden, higher acceptability, and increased public health benefits. Over the past decade, substantial progress has been made in development of extended-release MPTs, which have further potential to grant sexual and reproductive health autonomy to women globally and to offer choice for women to accommodate varying needs during their reproductive lives. Here, we highlight the advances made in injectable, implant, and ring delivery forms, and the importance of incorporating end-user preferences early in the research and development of these products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ellen Luecke
- Women's Global Health Imperative, RTI International, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sharon L Achilles
- University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ariane van der Straten
- Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Dept of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; ASTRA Consulting, Kensington, CA, USA
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16
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Guo X, Sun M, Gao R, Qu A, Chen C, Xu C, Kuang H, Xu L. Ultrasmall Copper (I) Sulfide Nanoparticles Prevent Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:13073-13080. [PMID: 33837622 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses a severe threat to public health and social development. Here, we synthesized 4±0.5 nm copper (I) sulfide (Cu2 S) nanoparticles (NPs) with 46 mdeg chiroptical property at 530 nm to selectively cleavage HBV core antigen (HBcAg) and effectively blocked HBV assembly and prevented HBV infection both in vitro and in vivo under light at 808 nm. Experimental analysis showed that the chiral Cu2 S NPs specific bound with the functional domain from phenylalanine23 (F23 ) to leucine30 (L30 ) from HBcAg primary sequence and the cutting site was between amino acid residues F24 and proline25 (P25 ). Under excitation at 808 nm, the intracellular HBcAg concentration was reduced by 95 %, and in HBV transgenic mice, the levels of HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV DNA were decreased by 93 % and 86 %, respectively. Together, these results reveal the potential nanomedicine for HBV control and provide fresh tools for viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Aihua Qu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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17
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Guo X, Sun M, Gao R, Qu A, Chen C, Xu C, Kuang H, Xu L. Ultrasmall Copper (I) Sulfide Nanoparticles Prevent Hepatitis B Virus Infection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Guo
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Aihua Qu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi Jiangsu 214122 P. R. China
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18
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Li S, Guo X, Gao R, Sun M, Xu L, Xu C, Kuang H. Recent Progress on Biomaterials Fighting against Viruses. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2005424. [PMID: 33644954 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202005424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Viruses not only pose severe threats to public health, but also influence the development of society. Over the past decade, rapid advances have been seen in the application of nanomaterials to virus research. As an interdisciplinary field, nanotechnology offers powerful functions because the structures of nanomaterials are unique, with remarkable physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. Nanomaterials have been developed for virus detection and tracking and for antiviral strategies, to better understand viruses and reduce viral infections, implying a bright future for this field. Herein, the recent advances are systematically summarized regarding the nanomaterials used in viral studies. Representative applications of nanomaterials to viral detection and tracking are described. The antiviral effects achieved with nanomaterials based on different mechanisms are also described, including entry inhibition, inhibition of viral replication, and immunological enhancement. The current challenges and future opportunities in this promising field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Li
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Rui Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Maozhong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Liguang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Hua Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection, State Key Lab of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, P. R. China
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19
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Yang KC, Lin JC, Tsai HH, Hsu CY, Shih V, Hu CMJ. Nanotechnology advances in pathogen- and host-targeted antiviral delivery: multipronged therapeutic intervention for pandemic control. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:1420-1437. [PMID: 33748879 PMCID: PMC7982277 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic's high mortality rate and severe socioeconomic impact serve as a reminder of the urgent need for effective countermeasures against viral pandemic threats. In particular, effective antiviral therapeutics capable of stopping infections in its tracks is critical to reducing infection fatality rate and healthcare burden. With the field of drug delivery witnessing tremendous advancement in the last two decades owing to a panoply of nanotechnology advances, the present review summarizes and expounds on the research and development of therapeutic nanoformulations against various infectious viral pathogens, including HIV, influenza, and coronaviruses. Specifically, nanotechnology advances towards improving pathogen- and host-targeted antiviral drug delivery are reviewed, and the prospect of achieving effective viral eradication, broad-spectrum antiviral effect, and resisting viral mutations are discussed. As several COVID-19 antiviral clinical trials are met with lackluster treatment efficacy, nanocarrier strategies aimed at improving drug pharmacokinetics, biodistributions, and synergism are expected to not only contribute to the current disease treatment efforts but also expand the antiviral arsenal against other emerging viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chieh Yang
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Chen Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Han Tsai
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yao Hsu
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Vicky Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan
| | - Che-Ming Jack Hu
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 112304, Taiwan. .,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115201, Taiwan. .,Center of Applied Nanomedicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704017, Taiwan.
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20
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Probabilistic modeling of an injectable aqueous crystalline suspension using influence networks. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120283. [PMID: 33508347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Probabilistic modeling using influence networks is an efficient, intuitive, and easy to communicate strategy in the development of complex pharmaceutical products. This study was aimed to use a risk-based approach to explore the complex interactions between product and process design parameters affecting size and shape of the particles in injectable aqueous crystalline suspensions (ACS). Based on a risk assessment, a design of experiments (DOE) was applied to evaluate the most important parameters, i.e., four critical material attributes and two critical process parameters. A model hydrophobic drug (carbamazepine) was milled and homogenized in a multistep process (dispersion and milling steps). The final formulations were characterized with automated at-line image analysis of thousands of individual particles. The particle size and shape distributions were summarized with descriptive parameters, and the relationship of these parameters and the DOE was modeled using influence networks (INs). This approach was compared and contrasted with a classical modeling approach based on multivariate linear regression (MVLR). INs had a superior visual interpretation capability of the complex and multivariate ACS system making the risk-based decision making more accessible. The probability and causality were included in the IN, i.e., the relationships between size and shape. Moreover, IN allowed to incorporate prior knowledge in a systematic way by implementing a 'black and white list'. An IN based model was created with the following model performance: a mean absolute percentage error of 1.7% and 1.1% for the size and 6.2% and 5.0% for the shape, respectively for dispersed and milled ACS. Parameters with the highest and lowest probability to control the critical quality attributes of ACS could be identified. Consequently, the parameter settings giving the optimum particle size and shape could be predicted using a Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the probability of success including the uncertainty of the model. The cubic MVLR model for the size of milled ACS was comparable to the IN in terms of the mean absolute percentage error, i.e., 1.1%. However, IN was more efficient in visualizing the complex and multivariate data set, including all the critical quality attributes and formulation/process parameters of the ACS at the same time. Moreover, the prior knowledge used in probabilistic modeling of IN could be systematically documented.
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21
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Uspenskaya EV, Pleteneva TV, Kazimova IV, Syroeshkin AV. Evaluation of Poorly Soluble Drugs' Dissolution Rate by Laser Scattering in Different Water Isotopologues. Molecules 2021; 26:601. [PMID: 33498881 PMCID: PMC7866158 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most important task in the design of dosage forms is to modify the pharmaceutical substances structure in order to increase solubilization, targeted delivery, controlled rate of drug administration, and its bioavailability. Screening-laboratory (in vitro) or computer (in silico)-as a procedure for selecting a prototype for the design of a drug molecule, involves several years of research and significant costs. Among a large number of solvents and diluents (alcohol, ether, oils, glycerol, Vaseline) used in the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of drugs water finds the greatest application. This is because all biological reactions (reactions in living systems) take place in water and distribution of the fluid in the body and the substances found within is critical for the maintenance of intracellular and extracellular functions. Modern studies in the field of the stable isotopic compositions of natural water and its structure and properties make it possible to use isotopic transformations of the water to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of medicinal substances without previous structural modification. It is known that by replacing any of the atoms in the reacting substance molecule with its isotope, it is possible to record changes in the reactivity, which are expressed as a change in the reaction rate constant, i.e., in the manifestation of the kinetic isotope effect (KIE). The article presents the results of studies on the effect of the kinetic isotope effect of a solvent-water-on increasing the solubility and dissolution rate constants of poorly soluble drugs using laser diffraction spectroscopy. The results of the studies can be successfully implemented in pharmaceutical practice to overcome the poor solubility of medicinal substances of classes II and IV, according to the biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), in water for pharmaceutical purposes by performing its preliminary and safe isotopic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Uspenskaya
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Medical Institute, RUDN University, 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (T.V.P.); (I.V.K.); (A.V.S.)
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22
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Singh Chauhan P, Abutbul Ionita I, Moshe Halamish H, Sosnik A, Danino D. Multidomain drug delivery systems of β-casein micelles for the local oral co-administration of antiretroviral combinations. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 592:156-166. [PMID: 33652169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The antiretroviral (ARV) cocktailrevolved the treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Drug combinations have been also tested to treat other infectious diseases, including the recentcoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. To simplify administration fixed-dose combinationshave been introduced, however, oral anti-HIV therapy still struggles with low oral bioavailability of many ARVs.This work investigated the co-encapsulation of two clinically relevant ARV combinations,tipranavir (TPV):efavirenz (EFV) anddarunavir (DRV):efavirenz (EFV):ritonavir (RTV),within the core of β-casein (bCN) micelles. Encapsulation efficiency in both systems was ~100%. Cryo-transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering of the ARV-loaded colloidaldispersions indicatefull preservation of the spherical morphology, and x-ray diffraction confirm that the encapsulated drugs are amorphous. To prolong the physicochemical stabilitythe formulations were freeze-driedwithout cryo/lyoprotectant, and successfully redispersed, with minor changes in morphology.Then, theARV-loaded micelles were encapsulated within microparticles of Eudragit® L100, which prevented enzymatic degradation and minimized drug release under gastric-like pH conditionsin vitro. At intestinal pH, the coating polymer dissolved and released the nanocarriers and content. Overall, our results confirm the promise of this flexible and modular technology platform for oral delivery of fixed dose combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakram Singh Chauhan
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Inbal Abutbul Ionita
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Hen Moshe Halamish
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Alejandro Sosnik
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Nanomaterials Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Dganit Danino
- CryoEM Laboratory of Soft Matter, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel; Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong Province 515063, China.
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23
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Chauhan G, Madou MJ, Kalra S, Chopra V, Ghosh D, Martinez-Chapa SO. Nanotechnology for COVID-19: Therapeutics and Vaccine Research. ACS NANO 2020; 14:7760-7782. [PMID: 32571007 PMCID: PMC7325519 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The current global health threat by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires an urgent deployment of advanced therapeutic options available. The role of nanotechnology is highly relevant to counter this "virus" nano enemy. Nano intervention is discussed in terms of designing effective nanocarriers to counter the conventional limitations of antiviral and biological therapeutics. This strategy directs the safe and effective delivery of available therapeutic options using engineered nanocarriers, blocking the initial interactions of viral spike glycoprotein with host cell surface receptors, and disruption of virion construction. Controlling and eliminating the spread and reoccurrence of this pandemic demands a safe and effective vaccine strategy. Nanocarriers have potential to design risk-free and effective immunization strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine candidates such as protein constructs and nucleic acids. We discuss recent as well as ongoing nanotechnology-based therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to fight against this pandemic, outlining the key areas for nanoscientists to step in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Chauhan
- School of Engineering and Sciences,
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio
Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León,
Mexico
| | - Marc J. Madou
- School of Engineering and Sciences,
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio
Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León,
Mexico
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace
Engineering, University of California
Irvine, Engineering Gateway 4200, Irvine,
California 92697, United States
| | - Sourav Kalra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
(Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical
Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar,
Punjab 160062, India
| | - Vianni Chopra
- Institute of Nano Science
and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10 Mohali,
160062 Punjab, India
| | - Deepa Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science
and Technology, Habitat Centre, Phase 10 Mohali,
160062 Punjab, India
| | - Sergio O. Martinez-Chapa
- School of Engineering and Sciences,
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Av. Eugenio
Garza Sada 2501 Sur, 64849 Monterrey, Nuevo León,
Mexico
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24
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Recent advances in long-acting nanoformulations for delivery of antiretroviral drugs. J Control Release 2020; 324:379-404. [PMID: 32461114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In spite of introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; inaccessibility and poor adherence to oral cART costs 10 in 100,000 death worldwide. Failure in adherence leads to viral rebound, emergence of drug resistance and anticipated HIV infection in high risk individuals. Various Long-acting antiretroviral (LA ARV) nanoformulations including nano-prodrug, solid drug nanoparticles (SDN), nanocrystals, aspherical nanoparticles, polymeric and lipidic nanoparticles have shown plasma/tissue drug concentration in the therapeutic range for several weeks during pre-clinical evaluation. LA ARV nanoformulations therefore have replaced cART as better alternative for the treatment of HIV infection. Cabenuva™ is recently approved by Health Canada containing LA cabotegravir+LA rilpivirine nanocrystals (ViiV healthcare) for once monthly administration by intramuscular route. The LA nanoformulation due to its nanosize insist on better stability, delivery to lymphatic, slow release into systemic circulation via lymphatic-circulatory system conjoint and secondary drug depot within infiltered immune cells at site of administration and systemic circulation in contrast to conventional drugs. However, the pharmacokinetic, biodistribution and efficacy of LA nanoformulations hinge onto physicochemical properties of the drugs and route of administration. Therefore, current review emphasizes on these contradistinctive factors that affects the reproducibility, safety, efficacy and toxicity of LA anti-HIV nanoformulations. Moreover, it expatiates on application of profuse nanoformulations for long-acting effect with promising preclinical discoveries and two clinical leads. To add on, utilization of physiology-based and mechanism-based pharmacokinetic modelling and in vivo animal models which could lead to enhanced safety and efficacy of LA ARV nanoformulations in humans have been included.
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25
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Wathoni N, Rusdin A, Motoyama K, Joni IM, Lesmana R, Muchtaridi M. Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems for α-Mangostin. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2020; 13:23-36. [PMID: 32280205 PMCID: PMC7132026 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s243017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Mangostin, a xanthone derivative from the pericarp of Garcinia mangostana L., has numerous bioactivities and pharmacological properties. However, α-mangostin has low aqueous solubility and poor target selectivity in the human body. Recently, nanoparticle drug delivery systems have become an excellent technique to improve the physicochemical properties and effectiveness of drugs. Therefore, many efforts have been made to overcome the limitations of α-mangostin through nanoparticle formulations. Our review aimed to summarise and discuss the nanoparticle drug delivery systems for α-mangostin from published papers recorded in Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar. We examined various types of nanoparticles for α-mangostin to enhance water solubility, provide controlled release and create targeted delivery systems. These forms include polymeric nanoparticles, nanomicelles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanofibers and nanoemulsions. Notably, nanomicelle modification increased α-mangostin solubility increased more than 10,000 fold. Additionally, polymeric nanoparticles provided targeted delivery and significantly enhanced the biodistribution of α-mangostin into specific organs. In conclusion, the nanoparticle drug delivery system could be a promising technique to increase the solubility, selectivity and efficacy of α-mangostin as a new drug candidate in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang45363, Indonesia
| | - Agus Rusdin
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sports and Health, Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Gorontalo96128, Indonesia
| | - Keiichi Motoyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto862-0973, Japan
| | - I Made Joni
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang45363, Indonesia
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biology Cell, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang45363, Indonesia
| | - Muchtaridi Muchtaridi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang45363, Indonesia
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26
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Memariani H, Memariani M, Moravvej H, Shahidi-Dadras M. Melittin: a venom-derived peptide with promising anti-viral properties. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2020; 39:5-17. [PMID: 31422545 PMCID: PMC7224078 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03674-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite tremendous advances in the development of anti-viral therapeutics, viral infections remain a chief culprit accounting for ongoing morbidity and mortality worldwide. Natural products, in particular animal venoms, embody a veritable cornucopia of exotic constituents, suggesting an immensurable source of anti-infective drugs. In this context, melittin, the principal constituent in the venom of the European honeybee Apis mellifera, has been demonstrated to exert anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-infective, and adjuvant properties. To our knowledge, there is no review appertaining to effects of melittin against viruses, prompting us to synopsize experimental investigations on its anti-viral activity throughout the past decades. Accumulating evidence indicates that melittin curbs infectivity of a diverse array of viruses including coxsackievirus, enterovirus, influenza A viruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), Junín virus (JV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). However, medication safety, different routes of administrations, and molecular mechanisms behind the anti-viral activity of melittin should be scrutinized in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Memariani
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamideh Moravvej
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Hobson JJ, Curley P, Savage AC, Al-Khouja A, Siccardi M, Flexner C, Meyers CF, Owen A, Rannard SP. Anhydrous nanoprecipitation for the preparation of nanodispersions of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in oils as candidate long-acting injectable depot formulations. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:4301-4307. [PMID: 36134394 PMCID: PMC9417103 DOI: 10.1039/c9na00529c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The facile formation of drug nanoparticles in injectable/ingestible oils, of water-soluble antiretroviral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, using a novel nanoprecipitation is presented with studies showing drug release into relevant aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Hobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Paul Curley
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool Block H, 70 Pembroke Place Liverpool L69 3GF UK
| | - Alison C Savage
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - Amer Al-Khouja
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 725 North Wolfe St. Baltimore MD 21205 USA
| | - Marco Siccardi
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool Block H, 70 Pembroke Place Liverpool L69 3GF UK
| | - Charles Flexner
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 725 North Wolfe St. Baltimore MD 21205 USA
- Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 575 Osler Building, 600 N. Wolfe St. Baltimore MD 21287 USA
| | - Caren Freel Meyers
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine 725 North Wolfe St. Baltimore MD 21205 USA
| | - Andrew Owen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool Block H, 70 Pembroke Place Liverpool L69 3GF UK
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Crown Street Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
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28
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Ibrahim IM, Bade AN, Lin Z, Soni D, Wojtkiewicz M, Dyavar Shetty BL, Gautam N, McMillan JM, Alnouti Y, Edagwa BJ, Gendelman HE. Synthesis and characterization of a long-acting emtricitabine prodrug nanoformulation. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:6231-6247. [PMID: 31496683 PMCID: PMC6689761 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s215447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A palmitoylated prodrug of emtricitabine (FTC) was synthesized to extend the drug’s half-life, antiretroviral activities and biodistribution. Methods A modified FTC prodrug (MFTC) was synthesized by palmitoyl chloride esterification. MFTC’s chemical structure was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance. The created hydrophobic prodrug nanocrystals were encased into a poloxamer surfactant and the pharmacokinetics (PK), biodistribution and antiretroviral activities of the nanoformulation (NMFTC) were assessed. The conversion of MFTC to FTC triphosphates was evaluated. Results MFTC coated with poloxamer formed stable nanocrystals (NMFTC). NMFTC demonstrated an average particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of 350 nm, 0.24 and −20 mV, respectively. Drug encapsulation efficiency was 90%. NMFTC was readily taken up by human monocyte-derived macrophages yielding readily detected intracellular FTC triphosphates and an extended PK profile. Conclusion NMFTC shows improved antiretroviral activities over native FTC. This is coordinate with its extended apparent half-life. The work represents an incremental advance in the development of a long-acting FTC formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aditya N Bade
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Zhiyi Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Dhruvkumar Soni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Melinda Wojtkiewicz
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Bhagya Laxmi Dyavar Shetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Nagsen Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - JoEllyn M McMillan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Benson J Edagwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Howard E Gendelman
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
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29
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Tatham LM, Liptrott NJ, Rannard SP, Owen A. Long-Acting Injectable Statins-Is It Time for a Paradigm Shift? Molecules 2019; 24:E2685. [PMID: 31344834 PMCID: PMC6695729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, advances in pharmaceutical processing technologies have resulted in development of medicines that provide therapeutic pharmacokinetic exposure for a period ranging from weeks to months following a single parenteral administration. Benefits for adherence, dose and patient satisfaction have been witnessed across a range of indications from contraception to schizophrenia, with a range of long-acting medicines also in development for infectious diseases such as HIV. Existing drugs that have successfully been formulated as long-acting injectable formulations have long pharmacokinetic half-lives, low target plasma exposures, and low aqueous solubility. Of the statins that are clinically used currently, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pitavastatin may have compatibility with this approach. The case for development of long-acting injectable statins is set out within this manuscript for this important class of life-saving drugs. An overview of some of the potential development and implementation challenges is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee M Tatham
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK
- Tandem Nano Ltd., Liverpool L22 3GL, UK
| | - Neill J Liptrott
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK
| | - Steve P Rannard
- Department of Chemistry, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK
| | - Andrew Owen
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Materials Innovation Factory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 3NY, UK.
- Tandem Nano Ltd., Liverpool L22 3GL, UK.
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