1
|
Feltham L, Moran J, Goldrick M, Lord E, Spiller DG, Cavet JS, Muldoon M, Roberts IS, Paszek P. Bacterial aggregation facilitates internalin-mediated invasion of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1411124. [PMID: 39045131 PMCID: PMC11263170 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1411124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Dissemination of food-borne L. monocytogenes in the host relies on internalin-mediated invasion, but the underlying invasion strategies remain elusive. Here we use live-cell microscopy to follow single cell interactions between individual human cells and L. monocytogenes and elucidate mechanisms associated with internalin B (InlB)-mediated invasion. We demonstrate that whilst a replicative invasion of nonphagocytic cells is a rare event even at high multiplicities of invasion, L. monocytogenes overcomes this by utilising a strategy relaying on PrfA-mediated ActA-based aggregation. We show that L. monocytogenes forms aggregates in extracellular host cell environment, which promote approximately 5-fold more host cell adhesions than the non-aggregating actA-ΔC mutant (which lacks the C-terminus coding region), with the adhering bacteria inducing 3-fold more intracellular invasions. Aggregation is associated with robust MET tyrosine kinase receptor clustering in the host cells, a hallmark of InlB-mediated invasion, something not observed with the actA-ΔC mutant. Finally, we show via RNA-seq analyses that aggregation involves a global adaptive response to host cell environment (including iron depletion), resulting in metabolic changes in L. monocytogenes and upregulation of the PrfA virulence regulon. Overall, our analyses provide new mechanistic insights into internalin-mediated host-pathogen interactions of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Feltham
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Josephine Moran
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Marie Goldrick
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Lord
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David G. Spiller
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer S. Cavet
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Muldoon
- Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ian. S. Roberts
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Pawel Paszek
- School of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu TP, Lin LC, Chang SC, Ou YH, Lu JJ. Molecular Characteristics and Virulence Profile of Clinical Listeria monocytogenes Isolates in Northern Taiwan, 2009-2019. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:386-394. [PMID: 38346310 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a critical foodborne pathogen that causes severe invasive and noninvasive diseases and is associated with high mortality. Information on the prevalence of L. monocytogenes infections in Taiwan is very limited. This study aimed to analyze the molecular epidemiological surveillance and virulence gene distribution of 176 human clinical L. monocytogenes isolates collected between 2009 and 2019 in northern Taiwan. Our results showed that the isolates belonged to 4 serogroups (IIa, IIb, IVb, and IIc), with most isolates in serogroups IIa (81/176, 46%) and IIb (71/176, 40.3%). Multilocus sequence typing analysis revealed 18 sequence types (STs) and 13 clonal complexes (CCs). Eighty-four percent of all isolates belonged to six STs: CC87-ST87 (40/176, 22.7%), CC19-ST378 (36/176, 19.9%), CC155-ST155 (28/176, 15.5%), CC1-ST710 (16/176, 8.8%), CC5-ST5 (16/176, 8.8%), and CC101-ST101 (11/176, 6.1%). Furthermore, our analysis showed the distributions of four Listeria pathogenicity islands (LIPI) among all isolates. LIPI-1 and LIPI-2 existed in all isolates, whereas LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 only existed in specific STs and CCs. LIPI-3 existed in the STs, CC1-ST710, CC3-ST3, CC288-ST295, and CC191-ST1458, whereas LIPI-4 could be found in the STs, CC87-ST87 and CC87-ST1459. Strains containing LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 are potentially hypervirulent; thus, 68/176 isolates (39.1%) collected in this study were potentially hypervirulent. Since L. monocytogenes infections are considered highly correlated with diet, molecular epidemiological surveillance of Listeria in food is important; continued surveillance will provide critical information to prevent foodborne diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsui-Ping Liu
- Infectious Control Office, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tao-Yuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Chung Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Cheng Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Ou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Jih Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gana J, Gcebe N, Pierneef RE, Chen Y, Moerane R, Adesiyun AA. Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Obtained from the Beef Production Chain in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1003. [PMID: 38792832 PMCID: PMC11123765 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12051003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The study used whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis for the genomic characterization of 60 isolates of Listeria monocytogenes obtained from the beef production chain (cattle farms, abattoirs, and retail outlets) in Gauteng province, South Africa. The sequence types (STs), clonal complexes (CCs), and the lineages of the isolates were determined using in silico multilocus sequence typing (MLST). We used BLAST-based analyses to identify virulence and antimicrobial genes, plasmids, proviruses/prophages, and the CRISPR-Cas system. The study investigated any association of the detected genes to the origin in the beef production chain of the L. monocytogenes isolates. Overall, in 60 isolates of Listeria monocytogenes, there were seven STs, six CCs, forty-four putative virulence factors, two resistance genes, one plasmid with AMR genes, and three with conjugative genes, one CRISPR gene, and all 60 isolates were positive for proviruses/prophages. Among the seven STs detected, ST204 (46.7%) and ST2 (21.7%) were the most prominent, with ST frequency varying significantly (p < 0.001). The predominant CC detected were CC2 (21.7%) and CC204 (46.7%) in lineages I and II, respectively. Of the 44 virulence factors detected, 26 (across Listeria Pathogenicity Islands, LIPIs) were present in all the isolates. The difference in the detection frequency varied significantly (p < 0.001). The two AMR genes (fosX and vga(G)) detected were present in all 60 (100%) isolates of L. monocytogenes. The only plasmid, NF033156, was present in three (5%) isolates. A CRISPR-Cas system was detected in six (10%), and all the isolates carried proviruses/prophages. The source and sample type significantly affected the frequencies of STs and virulence factors in the isolates of L. monocytogenes. The presence of fosX and vga(G) genes in all L. monocytogenes isolates obtained from the three industries of the beef production chain can potentially cause therapeutic implications. Our study, which characterized L. monocytogenes recovered from the three levels in the beef production chain, is the first time genomics was performed on this type of data set in the country, and this provides insights into the health implications of Listeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Gana
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (J.G.); (R.M.)
- Department of Agricultural Education, Federal College of Education, Kontagora 923101, Niger State, Nigeria
| | - Nomakorinte Gcebe
- Bacteriology Department, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria 0110, South Africa;
| | - Rian Edward Pierneef
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Centre for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
- Microbiome@UP, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Yi Chen
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, US Food and Drug Administration, 5001 Campus Dr. Room 4E-007/Mailstop HFS-710, College Park, MD 20740, USA;
| | - Rebone Moerane
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (J.G.); (R.M.)
| | - Abiodun Adewale Adesiyun
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa; (J.G.); (R.M.)
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine 685509, Trinidad and Tobago
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bolten S, Lott TT, Ralyea RD, Gianforte A, Trmcic A, Orsi RH, Martin NH, Wiedmann M. Intensive Environmental Sampling and Whole Genome Sequence-based Characterization of Listeria in Small- and Medium-sized Dairy Facilities Reveal Opportunities for Simplified and Size-appropriate Environmental Monitoring Strategies. J Food Prot 2024; 87:100254. [PMID: 38417482 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2024.100254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Small- and medium-sized dairy processing facilities (SMDFs) may face unique challenges with respect to controlling Listeria in their processing environments, e.g., due to limited resources. The aim of this study was to implement and evaluate environmental monitoring programs (EMPs) for Listeria control in eight SMDFs in a ∼1-year longitudinal study; this included a comparison of pre-operation (i.e., after cleaning and sanitation and prior to production) and mid-operation (i.e., at least 4 h into production) sampling strategies. Among 2,072 environmental sponge samples collected across all facilities, 272 (13%) were positive for Listeria. Listeria prevalence among pre- and mid-operation samples (15% and 17%, respectively), was not significantly different. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) performed on select isolates to characterize Listeria persistence patterns revealed repeated isolation of closely related Listeria isolates (i.e., ≤20 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism [hqSNP] differences) in 5/8 facilities over >6 months, suggesting Listeria persistence and/or reintroduction was relatively common among the SMDFs evaluated here. WGS furthermore showed that for 41 sites where samples collected pre- and mid-operation were positive for Listeria, Listeria isolates obtained were highly related (i.e., ≤10 hqSNP differences), suggesting that pre-operation sampling alone may be sufficient and more effective for detecting sites of Listeria persistence. Importantly, our data also showed that only 1/8 of facilities showed a significant decrease in Listeria prevalence over 1 year, indicating continued challenges with Listeria control in at least some SMDFs. We conclude that options for simplified Listeria EMPs (e.g., with a focus on pre-operation sampling, which allows for more rapid identification of likely persistence sites) may be valuable for improved Listeria control in SMDFs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Bolten
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Timothy T Lott
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Robert D Ralyea
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anika Gianforte
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Aljosa Trmcic
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Renato H Orsi
- Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Nicole H Martin
- Milk Quality Improvement Program, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Martin Wiedmann
- Food Safety Laboratory, Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Carvalho TP, Toledo FAO, Bautista DFA, Silva MF, Oliveira JBS, Lima PA, Costa FB, Ribeiro NQ, Lee JY, Birbrair A, Paixão TA, Tsolis RM, Santos RL. Pericytes modulate endothelial inflammatory response during bacterial infection. mBio 2024; 15:e0325223. [PMID: 38289074 PMCID: PMC10936204 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03252-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pericytes are located around blood vessels, in close contact with endothelial cells. We discovered that pericytes dampen pro-inflammatory endothelial cell responses. Endothelial cells co-cultured with pericytes had markedly reduced expression of adhesion molecules (PECAM-1 and ICAM-1) and proinflammatory cytokines (CCL-2 and IL-6) in response to bacterial stimuli (Brucella ovis, Listeria monocytogenes, or Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide). Pericyte-depleted mice intraperitoneally inoculated with either B. ovis, a stealthy pathogen that does not trigger detectable inflammation, or Listeria monocytogenes, developed peritonitis. Further, during Citrobacter rodentium infection, pericyte-depleted mice developed severe intestinal inflammation, which was not evident in control mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of pericytes required connexin 43, as either chemical inhibition or silencing of connexin 43 abrogated pericyte-mediated suppression of endothelial inflammatory responses. Our results define a mechanism by which pericytes modulate inflammation during infection, which shifts our understanding of pericyte biology: from a structural cell to a pro-active player in modulating inflammation. IMPORTANCE A previously unknown mechanism by which pericytes modulate inflammation was discovered. The absence of pericytes or blocking interaction between pericytes and endothelium through connexin 43 results in stronger inflammation, which shifts our understanding of pericyte biology, from a structural cell to a player in controlling inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thaynara P. Carvalho
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Frank A. O. Toledo
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Diego F. A. Bautista
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Monique F. Silva
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jefferson B. S. Oliveira
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pâmela A. Lima
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fabíola B. Costa
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Noelly Q. Ribeiro
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jee-Yon Lee
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Tatiane A. Paixão
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Reneé M. Tsolis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Renato L. Santos
- Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gana J, Gcebe N, Moerane R, Ngoshe YB, Moabelo K, Adesiyun AA. Detection of Pathogenic Serogroups and Virulence Genes in Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Beef and Beef Products Retailed in Gauteng Province, South Africa, Using Phenotypic and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Based Methods. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:8891963. [PMID: 38510936 PMCID: PMC10954364 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8891963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
South Africa recently (2017-18) experienced the largest outbreak of human listeriosis in the world caused by L. monocytogenes following the consumption of "polony," a ready-to-eat meat product. Most (59%) cases originated from Gauteng province, South Africa. As a follow-up study to the outbreak, we used standard bacteriological and molecular methods to determine the prevalence of pathogenic and virulent serogroups of L. monocytogenes in various beef and beef products retailed in Gauteng province, South Africa. The overall prevalence of Listeria spp. was 28% (112/400), comprising Listeria monocytogenes (9.3%), Listeria innocua (16.3%), and Listeria welshimeri (2.5%) (p < 0.001). It is crucial to have detected that the region (p=0.036), type of product (p=0.032), and temperature at storage (p=0.011) significantly affected the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in beef products. It is alarming that pathogenic serogroups 4b-4d-4e (51.4%) and 1/2a-3a (43.2%) were detected among the isolates of L. monocytogenes. Importantly, they were all carriers of seven virulence-associated genes (hlyA, inlB, plcA, iap, inlA, inlC, and inlJ). Our study also demonstrated that 16.7% of "polony" samples investigated were contaminated with L. monocytogenes. Considering that pathogenic and virulent L. monocytogenes contaminated beef and beef products retailed in South Africa, the food safety risk posed to consumers remains and cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce the contamination of these products with L. monocytogenes during beef production, processing, and retailing to avoid future outbreaks of human listeriosis in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Gana
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
- Department of Agricultural Education, School of Vocational Education, Federal College of Education, P.M.B. 39, Kontagora, Niger, Nigeria
| | - Nomakorinte Gcebe
- Bacteriology Department, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rebone Moerane
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Yusuf B. Ngoshe
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Khomotso Moabelo
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
| | - Abiodun A. Adesiyun
- Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X04, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South Africa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Meng F, Deng X, Yang Y, Li S, Jiao X, Li S, Liu M. Genomic epidemiology of hypervirulent Listeria monocytogenes CC619: Population structure, phylodynamics and virulence. Microbiol Res 2024; 280:127591. [PMID: 38181481 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous foodborne pathogen causing human and animal listeriosis with high mortality. Neurological and maternal-neonatal listeriosis outbreaks in Europe and the United States were frequently associated with clonal complexes CC1, CC2 and CC6 harboring Listeria Pathogenicity Island-1 (LIPI-1), as well as CC4 carrying both LIPI-1 and LIPI-4. However, human listeriosis in China was predominantly linked to CC87 and CC619 from serotype 1/2b. To understand the genetic evolution and distribution patterns of CC619, we characterized the epidemic history, population structure, and transmission feature of CC619 strains through analysis of 49,421 L. monocytogenes genomes globally. We found that CC619 was uniquely distributed in China, and closely related with perinatal infection. As CC619 strains were being mainly isolated from livestock and poultry products, we hypothesized that pigs and live chicken were the reservoirs of CC619. Importantly, all CC619 strains not only harbored the intact LIPI-1 and LIPI-4, but these also carried LIPI-3 that could facilitate host colonization and invasion. The deficiency of LIPI-3 or LIPI-4 markedly decreased L. monocytogenes colonization capacity in a model of intragastric infection in the mouse. Altogether, our findings suggest that the hypervirulent CC619 harboring three pathogenicity islands LIPI-1, LIPI-3 and LIPI-4 is a putatively persistent population in various foods, environment, and human population, warranting the further research for deciphering its pathogenicity and strengthening epidemiological surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanzeng Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xia Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuheng Yang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin'an Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shaoting Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gmeiner A, Njage PMK, Hansen LT, Aarestrup FM, Leekitcharoenphon P. Predicting Listeria monocytogenes virulence potential using whole genome sequencing and machine learning. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 410:110491. [PMID: 38000216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Contamination with food-borne pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes, remains a big concern for food safety. Hence, rigorous and continuous microbial surveillance is a standard procedure. At this point, however, the food industry and authorities only focus on detection of Listeria monocytogenes without characterization of individual strains into groups of more or less concern. As whole genome sequencing (WGS) gains increasing interest in the industry, this methodology presents an opportunity to obtain finer resolution of microbial traits such as virulence. Within this study, we therefore aimed to explore the use of WGS in combination with Machine Learning (ML) to predict L. monocytogenes virulence potential on a sub-species level. The WGS datasets used in this study for ML model training consisted of i) national surveillance isolates (n = 169, covering 38 MLST types) and ii) publicly available isolates acquired through the GenomeTrakr network (n = 2880, spanning 80 MLST types). We used the clinical frequency, i.e., ratio of the number of clinical isolates to total amount of isolates, as estimate for virulence potential. The predictive performance of input features from three different genomic levels (i.e., virulence genes, pan-genome genes, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and six machine learning algorithms (i.e., Support Vector Machine with a linear kernel, Support Vector Machine with a radial kernel, Random Forrest, Neural Networks, LogitBoost, and Majority Voting) were compared. Our machine learning models predicted sub-species virulence potential with nested cross-validation F1-scores up to 0.88 for the majority voting classifier trained on national surveillance data and using pan-genome genes as input features. The validation of the pre-trained ML models based on 101 previously in vivo studied isolates resulted in F1-scores up to 0.76. Furthermore, we found that the more rapid and less computationally intensive raw read alignment yields comparably accurate models as de novo assembly. The results of our study suggest that a majority voting classifier trained on pan-genome genes is the best and most robust choice for the prediction of clinical frequency. Our study contributes to more rapid and precise characterization of L. monocytogenes virulence and its variation on a sub-species level. We further demonstrated a possible application of WGS data in the context of microbial hazard characterization for food safety. In the future, predictive models may assist case-specific microbial risk management in the food industry. The python code, pre-trained models, and prediction pipeline are deposited at (https://github.com/agmei/LmonoVirulenceML).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gmeiner
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Patrick Murigu Kamau Njage
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Truelstrup Hansen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Food Microbiology and Hygiene, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Frank M Aarestrup
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cheng J, Wu S, Ye Q, Gu Q, Zhang Y, Ye Q, Lin R, Liang X, Liu Z, Bai J, Zhang J, Chen M, Wu Q. A novel multiplex PCR based method for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 8. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 409:110475. [PMID: 37976619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen worldwide, which could cause listeriosis with a 20-30 % fatality rate in immunocompromised individuals. Listeria monocytogenes MLST clonal complex (CC) 8 strain is a common clone in food and clinical cases. The aim of this study was to develop multiplex PCR (mPCR) and high-resolution melting (HRM) qPCR to simultaneously detect L. monocytogenes CC8 and the other L. monocytogenes strains based on pan-genome analysis. A novel multiplex PCR and HRM qPCR targeted for the genes LM5578_1180 (specific for CC8) and LM5578_2262 (for L. monocytogenes) were developed. The specificity of this multiplex PCR and HRM qPCR were verified with other CCs of L. monocytogenes and other species strains. The detection limit of this multiplex PCR and HRM qPCR is 2.1 × 103 CFU/mL and 2.1 × 100 CFU/mL, respectively. This multiplex PCR and HRM qPCR could accurately detect CC8 strains with the interference of different ratios of L. monocytogenes CC9, CC87, CC121, CC155, and L. innocua strains. Subsequently, the detection ability of mPCR and HRM qPCR were also evaluated in spiked samples. The mPCR method could successfully detect 6.2 × 103 CFU/mL of CC8 L. monocytogenes after 6 h enrichment while the multiplex HRM qPCR method could successfully detect 6.2 × 104 CFU/mL of CC8 L. monocytogenes after 3 h enrichment. The feasibility of these methods were satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency after evaluating 12 mushroom samples and was consistent with that of the National Standard Detection Method (GB4789.30-2016). In conclusion, the developed assays could be applied for rapid screening and detection of L. monocytogenes CC8 strains both in food and food production environments, providing accurate results to adopt monitoring measures to improve microbiological safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Cheng
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qinghua Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qihui Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Qinglei Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Ruoqin Lin
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Xinwen Liang
- College of Food, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jianling Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hong S, Moon JS, Yoon SS, Kim HY, Lee YJ. Genetic and Phenotypic Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes in Pig Slaughterhouses in Korea. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2024; 21:1-9. [PMID: 37819680 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that has variable subtypes associated with human listeriosis and occurs in food and processing environments. This study was conducted to provide the genetic and phenotypic characterization of L. monocytogenes in pig carcasses and environments of slaughterhouses in Korea. A total of 22 L. monocytogenes were isolated from eight of 26 pig slaughterhouses between 2020 and 2022, and the most common serotype was 1/2c (40.9%), followed by serotypes 1/2b (31.8%) and 1/2a (27.3%). The isolates showed a significantly high prevalence of virulence genes located in Listeria pathogenicity island-1 (LIPI-1) and internalins (90.9-100%; p < 0.05). However, the prevalence rates of llsX, ptsA, and stress survival islet-1 (SSI-1) located in LIPI-3, LIPI-4, and SSI were only 9.1%, 22.7%, and 31.8%, respectively. In addition, among the epidemic clones (EC), ECI, ECII, ECIII, and ECV, only one isolate was represented as ECV. Isolates identified from the same slaughterhouses were divided into two or more pulsotypes, except for two slaughterhouses. Furthermore, the seven STs were classified into seven clonal complexes (CCs) (CC8, CC9, CC37, CC87, CC121, CC155, and CC288), and all CCs belonged to lineages I (31.8%) and II (68.1%). Interestingly, the isolates showed a high prevalence of oxacillin resistance (59.1%), and most isolates of the serotypes 1/2a and 1/2b exhibited oxacillin resistance, whereas only one of nine serotype 1/2c isolates exhibited oxacillin resistance. These results provide the genetic diversity of L. monocytogenes in pig carcasses and environments of slaughterhouses, and continuous monitoring will be helpful in predicting food safety risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Serim Hong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-San Moon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Seek Yoon
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Young Kim
- Bacterial Disease Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Ju Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Zoonoses Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pamboukian R, Ferguson M, Jarvis K, Grocholl J, Burall L. Multilab Validation Report for the Verification and Subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes Using qPCR. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100178. [PMID: 37806351 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes invasive listeriosis, an illness with high mortality and hospitalization rates. Due to the severity of illness associated with Lm, rapid identification and characterization of isolates from foods and the food-processing environment are critical to properly identify and track the pathogen and quickly remove adulterated foods from the market. Prior methods can rely on time-consuming biochemical or sera-agglutination assays to perform these tasks. Development of a high-throughput method that would rapidly perform these tasks is critical to improve response to contamination events. Previously, a single laboratory validation of a qPCR-based method was presented that could rapidly verify Lm isolates and characterize them into six molecular serogroups. In the current study, a multi-laboratory validation (MLV) was performed to evaluate the reliability of the qPCR method for identification and serogrouping of Lm isolates. Sixteen collaborating laboratories independently analyzed a panel of 43 blinded isolates plus three control strains using the qPCR method. This panel was comprised of representatives for non-Listeria (n = 7), Listeria sp. (n = 8), and Lm (n = 28) strains. The Lm isolates contained representatives of the six serogroups: 2A, 2B, 2C, 4B, NT, and 4bV/IVb-v1, with five strains for each serogroup except 4bV/IVb-v1 (n = 3). The results generated by 16 laboratories showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy, generally ≥97%, for both the genus-species and serogrouping qPCRs. Results from one laboratory lowered the sensitivity of the non-Listeria group to 93%. These results indicated the method was highly reliable. However, only the previously evaluated serogroups were tested within the MLV panel, though there is the potential for other serogroup results. Sequence Read Archive (SRA) files for Lm isolates were evaluated to determine the frequency of other potential serogroup profiles. This effort identified a low percentage of isolates with atypical qPCR serogroups (0.30%) that are consistent with Lm and were generally associated with lineage II and the natural environment. In summary, the results indicate that the proposed qPCR method is reliable and has a high degree of sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity, while also decreasing hands-on analysis time and increasing throughput of the analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martine Ferguson
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Karen Jarvis
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - John Grocholl
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Laurel Burall
- Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U.S. FDA, Laurel, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Elfmann C, Zhu B, Stülke J, Halbedel S. ListiWiki: A database for the foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. Int J Med Microbiol 2023; 313:151591. [PMID: 38043216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2023.151591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram positive foodborne pathogen that regularly causes outbreaks of systemic infectious diseases. The bacterium maintains a facultative intracellular lifestyle; it thrives under a variety of environmental conditions and is able to infect human host cells. L. monocytogenes is genetically tractable and therefore has become an attractive model system to study the mechanisms employed by facultative intracellular bacteria to invade eukaryotic cells and to replicate in their cytoplasm. Besides its importance for basic research, L. monocytogenes also serves as a paradigmatic pathogen in genomic epidemiology, where the relative stability of its genome facilitates successful outbreak detection and elucidation of transmission chains in genomic pathogen surveillance systems. In both terms, it is necessary to keep the annotation of the L. monocytogenes genome up to date. Therefore, we have created the database ListiWiki (http://listiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/) which stores comprehensive information on the widely used L. monocytogenes reference strain EDG-e. ListiWiki is designed to collect information on genes, proteins and RNAs and their relevant functional characteristics, but also further information such as mutant phenotypes, available biological material, and publications. In its present form, ListiWiki combines the most recent annotation of the EDG-e genome with published data on gene essentiality, gene expression and subcellular protein localization. ListiWiki also predicts protein-protein interactions networks based on protein homology to Bacillus subtilis proteins, for which detailed interaction maps have been compiled in the sibling database SubtiWiki. Furthermore, crystallographic information of proteins is made accessible through integration of Protein Structure Database codes and AlphaFold structure predictions. ListiWiki is an easy-to-use web interface that has been developed with a focus on an intuitive access to all information. Use of ListiWiki is free of charge and its content can be edited by all members of the scientific community after registration. In our labs, ListiWiki has already become an important and easy to use tool to quickly access genome annotation details that we can keep updated with advancing knowledge. It also might be useful to promote the comprehensive understanding of the physiology and virulence of an important human pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Elfmann
- Department of General Microbiology, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bingyao Zhu
- Department of General Microbiology, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Jörg Stülke
- Department of General Microbiology, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, Georg-August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Sven Halbedel
- FG11 Division of Enteropathogenic bacteria and Legionella, Robert Koch Institute, Burgstrasse 37, 38855 Wernigerode, Germany; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Hygiene, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ravindhiran R, Sivarajan K, Sekar JN, Murugesan R, Dhandapani K. Listeria monocytogenes an Emerging Pathogen: a Comprehensive Overview on Listeriosis, Virulence Determinants, Detection, and Anti-Listerial Interventions. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:2231-2251. [PMID: 37479828 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02269-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the third most deleterious zoonotic pathogen, is a major causative agent of animal and human listeriosis, an infection related to the consumption of contaminated food products. Even though, this pathogen has been responsible for the outbreaks of foodborne infections in the early 1980s, the major outbreaks have been reported during the past two decades. Listeriosis infection in the host is a rare but life-threatening disease with major public health and economic implications. Extensive reports on listeriosis outbreaks are associated with milk and milk products, meat and meat products, and fresh produce. This bacterium can adapt to any environmental and stress conditions, making it a prime causative agent for major foodborne diseases. The pathogen could survive an antibiotic treatment and persist in the host cell, thereby escaping the standard diagnostic practices. The current review strives to provide concise information on the epidemiology, serotypes, and pathogenesis of the L. monocytogenes to decipher the knowledge on the endurance of the pathogen inside the host and food products as a vehicle for Listeria contaminations. In addition, various detection methods for Listeria species from food samples and frontline regimens of L. monocytogenes treatment have also been discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramya Ravindhiran
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Karthiga Sivarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Jothi Nayaki Sekar
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Rajeswari Murugesan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India
| | - Kavitha Dhandapani
- Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, 641043, India.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Luo B, Li Z, Wang Q, Wang C. Synergistic Role of Biofilm-Associated Genes and Efflux Pump Genes in Tigecycline Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii. Med Sci Monit 2023; 29:e940704. [PMID: 37688296 PMCID: PMC10498786 DOI: 10.12659/msm.940704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research reported that the resistance mechanism of Acinetobacter baumannii resistance to tigecycline was mainly related to the overexpression of the AdeABC efflux pump system. Biofilm formation is a notable pathogenesis of A. baumannii infections and antibiotic resistance. Our study explores the latent relevance of biofilm-associated genes and efflux pump genes in A. baumannii tigecycline resistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 78 clinical samples were collected from October 2018 to October 2019. Seventy-two clinically isolated A. baumannii strains were divided into a tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (TR-AN) group and tigecycline-sensitive Acinetobacter baumannii (TS-AN) group by tigecycline minimum inhibitory concentration tests. The biofilm formation of the 2 groups was observed using crystal violet staining. Furthermore, biofilm-related genes and efflux pump genes were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS The biofilm-forming rate of the TR-AN group was 82.2%, and that of the TS-AN group was 14.8%. The biofilm synthesis gene bfs was 91.3% positive in the TR-AN group, significantly higher than in the TS-AN group at the transcription level (P<0.05). The minimum inhibitory concentration of tigecycline was higher in the TR-AN group with biofilm formation than in the TR-AN group without biofilm formation (P<0.05). The efflux pump AdeB gene was 95.2% positive in the TR-AN group with biofilm formation and 38.7% positive in the TR-AN group without biofilm formation. CONCLUSIONS The biofilm formation of A. baumannii may be positively related to tigecycline resistance ability because of the co-expression of the bfs gene and the AdeB efflux pump gene. The enhanced transcription level of bfs and AdeB promotes biofilm formation to improve the resistance of A. baumannii to tigecycline.
Collapse
|
15
|
Centorotola G, Ziba MW, Cornacchia A, Chiaverini A, Torresi M, Guidi F, Cammà C, Bowa B, Mtonga S, Magambwa P, D’Alterio N, Scacchia M, Pomilio F, Muuka G. Listeria monocytogenes in ready to eat meat products from Zambia: phenotypical and genomic characterization of isolates. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1228726. [PMID: 37711697 PMCID: PMC10498467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1228726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The contamination of ready to eat foods (RTE) products due to Listeria monocytogenes could compromise the products safety becoming a great risk for the consumers. The high presence of L. monocytogenes in RTE products has been described worldwide, but few data are available about these products from African countries. The aims of this study were to report the presence of L. monocytogenes in Zambian RTE products, providing genomic characterization and data on similarity with African circulating strains using whole genome sequencing (WGS). A total of 304 RTE products, produced by different Zambian manufacturers, were purchased at retail, from major supermarkets located in Lusaka, Zambia, comprising 130 dairy and 174 meat products. L. monocytogenes was detected only in 18 (10.3%) RTE meat products of the 174 samples tested. The MLST analysis grouped the 18 L. monocytogenes isolates in 7 clonal complexes (CCs): CC1 (n = 5), CC2 (n = 4), CC9 (n = 4), CC5 (n = 2), CC121 (n = 1), CC155 (n = 1), and CC3 (n = 1). According to the cgMLST results, several clusters were detected, in particular belonging to hyper-virulent clones CC1 and CC2. Regarding the virulence factors, a complete L. monocytogenes Pathogenicity Island 3 (LIPI-3) was present both in the CC1 and CC3, in addition to LIPI-1. Several resistance genes and mobile genetic elements were detected, including Stress Islands, the bcrABC cassette and Tn6188_qac transposon, plasmids and intact prophages. Despite being a first preliminary work with a limited number of samples and isolates, this study helped to increase existing knowledge on contaminated RTE products in Zambia, confirming the presence of hyper-virulent L. monocytogenes CCs, which could play an important role in human diseases, posing a public health concern for consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Centorotola
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Maureen Wakwamba Ziba
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Alessandra Cornacchia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Alexandra Chiaverini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Marina Torresi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Guidi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Cesare Cammà
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Benson Bowa
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Samson Mtonga
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Phelly Magambwa
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Nicola D’Alterio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Massimo Scacchia
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Pomilio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise “G. Caporale”, Teramo, Italy
| | - Geoffrey Muuka
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka, Zambia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Avila-Novoa MG, González-Torres B, González-Gómez JP, Guerrero-Medina PJ, Martínez-Chávez L, Martínez-Gonzáles NE, Chaidez C, Gutiérrez-Lomelí M. Genomic Insights into Listeria monocytogenes: Organic Acid Interventions for Biofilm Prevention and Control. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13108. [PMID: 37685913 PMCID: PMC10487766 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen that has been implicated in foodborne illness. The aim of the present study was to investigate the diversity of virulence factors associated with the mechanisms of pathogenicity, persistence, and formation of biofilm L. monocytogenes by tandem analysis of whole-genome sequencing. The lineages that presented L. monocytogenes (LmAV-2, LmAV-3, and LmAV-6) from Hass avocados were lineages I and II. Listeria pathogenicity island 1 (LIPI-1) and LIPI-2 were found in the isolates, while LIPI-3 and Listeria genomic island (LGI-2) only was in IIb. Stress survival island (SSI-1) was identified in lineage I and II. In the in silico analysis, resistance genes belonging to several groups of antibiotics were detected, but the bcrABC and transposon Tn6188 related to resistance to quaternary ammonium salts (QACs) were not detected in L. monocytogenes. Subsequently, the anti-L. monocytogenes planktonic cell effect showed for QACs (MIC = 6.25 ppm/MBC = 100 ppm), lactic acid (MBC = 1 mg/mL), citric acid (MBC = 0.5 mg/mL) and gallic acid (MBC = 2 mg/mL). The anti-biofilm effect with organic acids (22 °C) caused a reduction of 4-5 log10 cfu/cm2 after 10 min against control biofilm L. monocytogenes formed on PP than SS. This study is an important contribution to understanding the genomic diversity and epidemiology of L. monocytogenes to establish a control measure to reduce the impact on the environment and the consumer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Guadalupe Avila-Novoa
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.G.A.-N.); (P.J.G.-M.)
| | - Berenice González-Torres
- Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico; (B.G.-T.); (J.P.G.-G.); (C.C.)
| | - Jean Pierre González-Gómez
- Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico; (B.G.-T.); (J.P.G.-G.); (C.C.)
| | - Pedro Javier Guerrero-Medina
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.G.A.-N.); (P.J.G.-M.)
| | - Liliana Martínez-Chávez
- Departamentos de Farmacobiología y Matemáticas, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.M.-C.); (N.E.M.-G.)
| | - Nanci Edid Martínez-Gonzáles
- Departamentos de Farmacobiología y Matemáticas, CUCEI, Universidad de Guadalajara, Marcelino García Barragán 1451, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico; (L.M.-C.); (N.E.M.-G.)
| | - Cristóbal Chaidez
- Laboratorio Nacional para la Investigación en Inocuidad Alimentaria (LANIIA), Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Eldorado Km 5.5, Campo El Diez, Culiacán 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico; (B.G.-T.); (J.P.G.-G.); (C.C.)
| | - Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Av. Universidad 1115, Col. Lindavista, Ocotlán 47820, Jalisco, Mexico; (M.G.A.-N.); (P.J.G.-M.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yao H, Li G, Xiong X, Jin F, Li S, Xie X, Zhong D, Zhang R, Meng F, Yin Y, Jiao X. LygA retention on the surface of Listeria monocytogenes via its interaction with wall teichoic acid modulates bacterial homeostasis and virulence. PLoS Pathog 2023; 19:e1011482. [PMID: 37379353 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wall teichoic acid (WTA) is the abundant cell wall-associated glycopolymer in Gram-positive bacteria, playing crucial roles in surface proteins retention, bacterial homeostasis, and virulence. Hypervirulent serovar (SV) 4h Listeria monocytogenes is a newly designated serotype with only galactosylated (Gal) type II WTA. Although the surface association of some proteins relies on the WTA glycosylation, the nature and function of the noncovalent interactions between cell wall-associated proteins and WTA are less known. In this study, we found Gal-WTA plays a key role in modulating the novel glycine-tryptophan (GW) domain-containing autolysin protein LygA through direct interactions. An SV 4h strain deficient in WTA galactosylation (XYSNΔgalT) showed a dramatic reduction of LygA on the cell surface, significantly decreasing the autolytic activity, impairing the bacterial colonization in colon and brain. Notably, we demonstrated LygA binds to Gal-WTA with high affinity through the GW domain and that the extent of binding increases with the number of GW domains. Moreover, we confirmed the direct Gal-dependent binding of the GW protein Auto from the type I WTA strain, which has no interaction with l-rhamnosylated WTA, indicating that the complexity of both WTA and GW proteins can affect the coordination patterns. Altogether, our findings suggest that both the glycosylation patterns of WTA and a fixed numbers of GW domains are closely associated with the retention of LygA on the cell surface, which facilitates L. monocytogenes infection by promoting bacteria colonization in intestine and brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guo Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xianglian Xiong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fanxin Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Sirui Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyu Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dan Zhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Renling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fanzeng Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuelan Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin'an Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Schiavano GF, Guidi F, Pomilio F, Brandi G, Salini R, Amagliani G, Centorotola G, Palma F, Felici M, Lorenzetti C, Blasi G. Listeria monocytogenes Strains Persisting in a Meat Processing Plant in Central Italy: Use of Whole Genome Sequencing and In Vitro Adhesion and Invasion Assays to Decipher Their Virulence Potential. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1659. [PMID: 37512831 PMCID: PMC10383671 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used both a WGS and an in vitro approach to study the virulence potential of nine Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) strains belonging to genetic clusters persisting in a meat processing plant in Central Italy. The studied clusters belonged to CC1-ST1, CC9-ST9, and CC218-ST2801. All the CC1 and CC218 strains presented the same accessory virulence genes (LIPI-3, gltA, gltB, and aut_IVb). CC1 and CC9 strains presented a gene profile similarity of 22.6% as well as CC9 and CC218 isolates. CC1 and CC218 showed a similarity of 45.2% of the same virulence profile. The hypervirulent strains of lineage I (CC1 and CC218) presented a greater ability to adhere and invade Caco-2 cells than hypovirulent ones (CC9). CC1 strains were significantly more adhesive and invasive compared with CC9 and CC218 strains, although these last CCs presented the same accessory virulence genes. No statistically significant difference was found comparing CC218 with CC9 strains. This study provided for the first time data on the in vitro adhesiveness and invasiveness of CC218-ST2801 and added more data on the virulence characteristics of CC1 and CC9. What we observed confirmed that the ability of Lm to adhere to and invade human cells in vitro is not always decipherable from its virulence gene profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Fiorella Schiavano
- Dipartimento di Studi Umanistici, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Bramante, 17, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Fabrizia Guidi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento per Listeria Monocytogenes, Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Pomilio
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento per Listeria Monocytogenes, Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giorgio Brandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Santa Chiara, 27, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Romolo Salini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Centro Operativo Veterinario per l'Epidemiologia, Programmazione, Informazione e Analisi del Rischio (COVEPI), National Reference Center for Veterinary Epidemiology, Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giulia Amagliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Santa Chiara, 27, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Centorotola
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale, Laboratorio Nazionale di Riferimento per Listeria Monocytogenes, Via Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesco Palma
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Santa Chiara, 27, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Martina Felici
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Santa Chiara, 27, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Cinzia Lorenzetti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuliana Blasi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Via Gaetano Salvemini, 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Angelidis AS, Grammenou AS, Kotzamanidis C, Giadinis ND, Zdragas AG, Sergelidis D. Prevalence, Serotypes, Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilm-Forming Ability of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Bulk-Tank Bovine Milk in Northern Greece. Pathogens 2023; 12:837. [PMID: 37375527 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12060837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of Listeria monocytogenes in bovine bulk-tank milk (BTM) in Greece has not been previously investigated. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of L. monocytogenes in bovine BTM in Greece and to characterize the isolates in terms of carriage of genes encoding for pathogenic determinants, assess the isolates' biofilm-forming ability and determine their susceptibility against 12 antimicrobials. Samples (n = 138) of bovine BTM were obtained from farms located throughout Northern Greece and were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for L. monocytogenes. Five samples (3.6%) tested positive for L. monocytogenes. The pathogen's populations in these positive samples were below 5 CFU/mL. Most isolates belonged to the molecular serogroup "1/2a, 3a". All isolates carried the virulence genes inlA, inlC, inlJ, iap, plcA and hlyA, but actA was detected in only three isolates. The isolates displayed weak to moderate biofilm-forming ability and distinct antimicrobial resistance profiles. All isolates were characterized as multidrug resistant, with resistance to penicillin and clindamycin being a common feature. Considering that L. monocytogenes constitutes a serious public health threat, the key findings of the study, related to the carriage of virulence genes and multidrug resistance, highlight the importance of continued monitoring of the pathogen in farm animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Apostolos S Angelidis
- Laboratory of Safety and Quality of Milk and Dairy Products, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afroditi S Grammenou
- Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin-Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charalampos Kotzamanidis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Nektarios D Giadinis
- Clinic of Farm Animals, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54627 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios G Zdragas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organization-DIMITRA, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, 57001 Thermi, Greece
| | - Daniel Sergelidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene of Foods of Animal Origin-Veterinary Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wiktorczyk-Kapischke N, Skowron K, Wałecka-Zacharska E. Genomic and pathogenicity islands of Listeria monocytogenes-overview of selected aspects. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1161486. [PMID: 37388250 PMCID: PMC10300472 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1161486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis, a disease characterized by a high mortality rate (up to 30%). Since the pathogen is highly tolerant to changing conditions (high and low temperature, wide pH range, low availability of nutrients), it is widespread in the environment, e.g., water, soil, or food. L. monocytogenes possess a number of genes that determine its high virulence potential, i.e., genes involved in the intracellular cycle (e.g., prfA, hly, plcA, plcB, inlA, inlB), response to stress conditions (e.g., sigB, gadA, caspD, clpB, lmo1138), biofilm formation (e.g., agr, luxS), or resistance to disinfectants (e.g., emrELm, bcrABC, mdrL). Some genes are organized into genomic and pathogenicity islands. The islands LIPI-1 and LIPI-3 contain genes related to the infectious life cycle and survival in the food processing environment, while LGI-1 and LGI-2 potentially ensure survival and durability in the production environment. Researchers constantly have been searching for new genes determining the virulence of L. monocytogenes. Understanding the virulence potential of L. monocytogenes is an important element of public health protection, as highly pathogenic strains may be associated with outbreaks and the severity of listeriosis. This review summarizes the selected aspects of L. monocytogenes genomic and pathogenicity islands, and the importance of whole genome sequencing for epidemiological purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Skowron
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska
- Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhang CXY, Dan H, van Faassen H, Brooks BW, Huang H, Lin M. Targeting Novel LPXTG Surface Proteins with Monoclonal Antibodies for Immunomagnetic Separation of Listeria monocytogenes. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:186-196. [PMID: 37172301 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2022.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-positive bacterium Listeria monocytogenes causes a significantly high percentage of fatalities among human foodborne illnesses. Surface proteins, specifically expressed from a wide range of L. monocytogenes serotypes under selective enrichment culture conditions, can serve as targets for the isolation of this pathogen using antibody-based methods to facilitate molecular detection. In this study, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), previously raised against the L. monocytogenes LPXTG surface proteins LMOf2365_0639 and LMOf2365_0148, were investigated for their ability to isolate L. monocytogenes from bacterial samples with immunomagnetic separation (IMS). Only 1 out of 35 MAbs against LMOf2365_0639, M3644, was capable of capturing L. monocytogenes. Among all the 24 MAbs examined against LMOf2365_0148, 4 MAbs, M3686, M3697, M3699, and M3700, were capable of capturing L. monocytogenes cells specifically from abbreviated primary selective enrichment cultures in either Palcam or LEB/UVM1 media or from mixed samples containing target and nontarget bacteria. MAb M3686 showed a unique specificity with the capability to capture strains of seven L. monocytogenes serotypes (1/2a, 1/2b, 1/2c, 3a, 4a, 4b, and 4d). These promising MAbs were subsequently characterized by quantitative measurements of antigen-binding affinity using surface plasmon resonance analysis and epitope mapping using overlapping recombinant polypeptides. The usefulness of these MAbs to LMOf2365_0148 in bacterial capture was consistent with their high affinities with KD constants in the nanomolar range and can be explored further for the development of an automated IMS method suitable for routine isolation of L. monocytogenes from food and environmental samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathy X Y Zhang
- Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanhong Dan
- Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Henk van Faassen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian W Brooks
- Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hongsheng Huang
- Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Min Lin
- Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Brown P, Kucerova Z, Gorski L, Chen Y, Ivanova M, Leekitcharoenphon P, Parsons C, Niedermeyer J, Jackson J, Kathariou S. Horizontal Gene Transfer and Loss of Serotype-Specific Genes in Listeria monocytogenes Can Lead to Incorrect Serotype Designations with a Commonly-Employed Molecular Serotyping Scheme. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0274522. [PMID: 36472431 PMCID: PMC9927564 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02745-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive, facultative intracellular foodborne pathogen capable of causing severe, invasive illness (listeriosis). Three serotypes, 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b, are leading contributors to human listeriosis, with 4b including the major hypervirulent clones. The multiplex PCR scheme developed by Doumith and collaborators employs primers targeting specific lineages (e.g., lineage II-specific lmo0737, lineage I-specific LMOf2365_2059) or serotypes (e.g., serotype 4b-specific LMOf2365_1900). The Doumith scheme (DS) is extensively employed for molecular serotyping of L. monocytogenes due to its high accuracy, relative ease, and affordability. However, for certain strains, the DS serotype designations are in conflict with those relying on antibody-based schemes or whole-genome sequence (WGS) analysis. In the current study, all 27 tested serotype 4b strains with sequence type 782 (ST782) within the hypervirulent clonal complex 2 (CC2) were designated 1/2b/3b using the DS. These strains lacked the serotype 4b-specific gene LMOf2365_1900, while retaining LMOf2365_2059, which, together with prs, yields the DS 1/2b/3b profile. Furthermore, 15 serotype 1/2a strains of four STs, mostly from water, were designated 1/2b/3b using the DS. These strains lacked the lmo0737 cassette but harbored genomic islands with LMOf2365_2059, thus yielding the DS 1/2b/3b profile. Lastly, we investigated a novel, dual 1/2a-1/2b profile obtained using the DS with 21 serotype 1/2a strains of four STs harboring both the lmo0737 cassette and genomic islands with LMOf2365_2059. The findings suggest that for certain strains and clones of L. monocytogenes the DS designations should be viewed with caution and complemented with alternative tools, e.g., traditional serotyping or WGS analysis. IMPORTANCE Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen responsible for severe illness (listeriosis), especially in pregnant women and their fetuses, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. Three serotypes, 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b, account for most human listeriosis, with certain serotype 4b clonal complexes (CCs) overrepresented in human disease. Serotyping remains extensively employed in Listeria epidemiologic investigations, and a multiplex PCR-based serotyping scheme is widely used. However, the PCR gene targets can be lost or gained via horizontal gene transfer, leading to novel PCR profiles without known serotype designations or to incorrect serotype assignments. Thus, an entire serotype 4b clone of the hypervirulent CC2 would be misidentified as serotype 1/2b, and several strains of serotype 1/2a would be identified as serotype 1/2b. Such challenges are especially common in novel clones from underexplored habitats, e.g., wildlife and surface water. The findings suggest caution in application of molecular serotyping, while highlighting Listeria's diversity and potential for horizontal gene transfer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phillip Brown
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zuzana Kucerova
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), EDLB/DFWED, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lisa Gorski
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Regional Research Center, Produce Safety and Microbiology Unit, Albany, California, USA
| | - Yi Chen
- Division of Microbiology, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Mirena Ivanova
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Pimlapas Leekitcharoenphon
- Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cameron Parsons
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jeffrey Niedermeyer
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - James Jackson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sophia Kathariou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zakrzewski AJ, Kurpas M, Zadernowska A, Chajęcka-Wierzchowska W, Fraqueza MJ. A Comprehensive Virulence and Resistance Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Fish and the Fish Industry Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043581. [PMID: 36834997 PMCID: PMC9967382 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen, often associated with fish, that can adapt and survive in products and food processing plants, where it can persist for many years. It is a species characterized by diverse genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, in this study, a total of 17 L. monocytogenes strains from fish and fish-processing environments in Poland were characterized for their relatedness, virulence profiles, and resistance genes. The Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing (cgMLST) analysis revealed that the most frequent serogroups were IIa and IIb; sequence types (ST) were ST6 and ST121; and clonal complexes (CC) were CC6 and CC121. Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) analysis was applied to compare the present isolates with the publicly available genomes of L. monocytogenes strains recovered in Europe from humans with listeriosis. Despite differential genotypic subtypes, most strains had similar antimicrobial resistance profiles; however, some of genes were located on mobile genetic elements that could be transferred to commensal or pathogenic bacteria. The results of this study showed that molecular clones of tested strains were characteristic for L. monocytogenes isolated from similar sources. Nevertheless, it is worth emphasizing that they could present a major public health risk due to their close relation with strains isolated from human listeriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Monika Kurpas
- Department of Immunobiology and Environmental Microbiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Zadernowska
- Department of Industrial and Food Microbiology, University of Warmia and Mazrui, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Maria João Fraqueza
- CIISA—Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar em Sanidade Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Xu J, Wu S, Liu M, Xiao Z, Peng Y, He H. Prevalence and contamination patterns of Listeria monocytogenes in Pleurotus eryngii (king oyster mushroom) production plants. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1064575. [PMID: 36778843 PMCID: PMC9912299 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1064575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a major foodborne pathogen that is well-known for its high mortality rate upon infection. In recent years, the edible mushroom has also been found to be an important source of L. monocytogenes, but the contamination sources in Pleurotus eryngii (the king oyster mushroom) were unclear. In this study, a total of 203 edible mushrooms and environmental samples from four P. eryngii production plants were obtained. As a result, 29 samples (14.3%) were positive for L. monocytogenes, including eight mushroom samples (13.3%, 8/60) and 21 associated environmental samples (14.7%, 21/143). The contamination of L. monocytogenes in plants A and B was more severe and was likely to originate from the mycelium stimulation machine. The isolates belonged to serogroups II.1 (4b-4d-4e), I.1 (1/2a-3a), and I.2 (1/2c-3c), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that these L. monocytogenes strains belonged to five different sequence types (ST3, ST121, ST9, ST87, and ST224). The ST121 and ST3 isolates were only found in plants A and B, respectively. The isolates were carried by hly (29/29, 100%), inlB (23/29, 79.3%), inlA (29/29, 100%), inlC (29/29, 100%), inlJ (29/29, 100%), actA (19/29, 65.5%), iap (29/29, 100%), plcA (26/29, 100%), plcB (29/29, 100%), prfA (27/29, 93.1%), and mpl (29/29, 100%). Further study of inlA sequencing showed that 65.5% of strains (19/29) contained full-length InlA that was required for host cell invasion, whereas the mutation led to premature stop codons (PMSCs) at position 492 (type 6) on inlA alleles. All isolates in this survey were sensitive to gentamicin, kanamycin, sulbactam/ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and doxycycline. The drug with the highest resistance is rifampicin (37.9%), followed by penicillin (24.1%) and ciprofloxacin (10.3%). Most multiply resistant strains are isolated from raw materials and equipment of the P. eryngii processing lines. Our study reflects the contamination patterns and potential risk of L. monocytogenes infection in P. eryngii production plants. The persistence of specific L. monocytogenes isolates (such as ST121 and ST3) may assist with contamination. In accordance with these results, the control of L. monocytogenes should focus on the environmental materials, especially in the mycelium stimulation stage. However, effective Listeria monitoring programs will allow for the improved development of Listeria control measures to minimize cross-contamination in the processing of P. eryngii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Shi Wu,
| | - Ming Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zitian Xiao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Peng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanqing He
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for New Technology Research of Vegetables, Vegetable Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tsai YH, Moura A, Gu ZQ, Chang JH, Liao YS, Teng RH, Tseng KY, Chang DL, Liu WR, Huang YT, Leclercq A, Lo HJ, Lecuit M, Chiou CS. Genomic Surveillance of Listeria monocytogenes in Taiwan, 2014 to 2019. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0182522. [PMID: 36222695 PMCID: PMC9769603 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01825-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a life-threatening foodborne pathogen. Here, we report the genomic characterization of a nationwide dataset of 411 clinical and 82 food isolates collected in Taiwan between 2014 and 2019. The observed incidence of listeriosis increased from 0.83 to 7 cases per million population upon implementation of mandatory notification in 2018. Pregnancy-associated cases accounted for 2.8% of human listeriosis and all-cause 7-day mortality was of 11.9% in nonmaternal-neonatal listeriosis. L. monocytogenes was isolated from 90% of raw pork and 34% of chicken products collected in supermarkets. Sublineages SL87, SL5, and SL378 accounted for the majority (65%) of clinical cases. SL87 and SL378 were also predominant (57%) in food products. Five cgMLST clusters accounted for 57% clinical cases, suggesting unnoticed outbreaks spanning up to 6 years. Mandatory notification allowed identifying the magnitude of listeriosis in Taiwan. Continuous real-time genomic surveillance will allow reducing contaminating sources and disease burden. IMPORTANCE Understanding the phylogenetic relationship between clinical and food isolates is important to identify the transmission routes of foodborne diseases. Here, we performed a nationwide study between 2014 and 2019 of both clinical and food Listeria monocytogenes isolates and sequenced their genomes. We show a 9-fold increase in listeriosis reporting upon implementation of mandatory notification. We found that sublineages SL87 and SL378 predominated among both clinical (50%) and food (57%) isolates, and identified five cgMLST clusters accounting for 57% of clinical cases, suggestive of potential protracted sources of contamination over up to 6 years in Taiwan. These findings highlight that mandatory declaration is critical in identifying the burden of listeriosis, and the importance of genome sequencing for a detailed characterization of the pathogenic L. monocytogenes genotypes circulating in Asia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huan Tsai
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexandra Moura
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Zi-Qi Gu
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsien Chang
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shu Liao
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Hsiou Teng
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Yao Tseng
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Dai-Ling Chang
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ren Liu
- Laboratory of Host-Microbe Interactions and Cell Dynamics, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Tsung Huang
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Alexandre Leclercq
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Hsiu-Jung Lo
- National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Inserm U1117, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Paris, France
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Institut Imagine, APHP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Chien-Shun Chiou
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taichung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Muchaamba F, von Ah U, Stephan R, Stevens MJA, Tasara T. Deciphering the global roles of Cold shock proteins in Listeria monocytogenes nutrient metabolism and stress tolerance. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1057754. [PMID: 36605504 PMCID: PMC9808409 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1057754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) accounts for serious public health and food safety problems owing to its stress resilience and pathogenicity. Based on their regulatory involvement in global gene expression events, cold-shock domain family proteins (Csps) are crucial in expression of various stress fitness and virulence phenotypes in bacteria. Lm possesses three Csps (CspA, CspB, and CspD) whose regulatory roles in the context of the genetic diversity of this bacterium are not yet fully understood. We examined the impacts of Csps deficiency on Lm nutrient metabolism and stress tolerance using a set of csp deletion mutants generated in different genetic backgrounds. Phenotype microarrays (PM) analysis showed that the absence of Csps in ∆cspABD reduces carbon (C-) source utilization capacity and increases Lm sensitivity to osmotic, pH, various chemical, and antimicrobial stress conditions. Single and double csp deletion mutants in different Lm genetic backgrounds were used to further dissect the roles of individual Csps in these phenotypes. Selected PM-based observations were further corroborated through targeted phenotypic assays, confirming that Csps are crucial in Lm for optimal utilization of various C-sources including rhamnose and glucose as well as tolerance against NaCl, β-phenyethylamine (PEA), and food relevant detergent stress conditions. Strain and genetic lineage background-based differences, division of labour, epistasis, and functional redundancies among the Csps were uncovered with respect to their roles in various processes including C-source utilization, cold, and PEA stress resistance. Finally, targeted transcriptome analysis was performed, revealing the activation of csp gene expression under defined stress conditions and the impact of Csps on expression regulation of selected rhamnose utilization genes. Overall, our study shows that Csps play important roles in nutrient utilization and stress responses in Lm strains, contributing to traits that are central to the public health and food safety impacts of this pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Muchaamba
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Francis Muchaamba,
| | | | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc J. A. Stevens
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Taurai Tasara
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kayode AJ, Okoh AI. Assessment of the molecular epidemiology and genetic multiplicity of Listeria monocytogenes recovered from ready-to-eat foods following the South African listeriosis outbreak. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20129. [PMID: 36418424 PMCID: PMC9684121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20175-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the recent listeriosis outbreak in South Africa, this study was carried out to assess the safety level of various common ready-to-eat foods (RTE) obtained from supermarkets and grocery stores in major towns and cities within the Amathole, Chris Hani and Sarah Baartman Districts Municipalities, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. A sum of 239 food samples was collected from these locations, and Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) was isolated in line with the recommended techniques by the International Organization for Standardization EN ISO 11290:2017 parts 1 and 2. Identification of the pathogen and detection of various associated virulence genes was done using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques. From the RTE food samples processed, Lm was detected in 107 (44.77%) of the samples. Russian sausage was the most contaminated (78.57%), followed by sliced polony (61.90%), muffins (58.33%), polony (52.63%), and pies (52.38%), while all vetkoek samples examined were negative for Lm. Although the prevalence of Lm in the food samples was very high, concentrations were generally < 100 CFU/g. Strains of Lm recovered from the RTE foods were predominantly epidemiological strains belonging to serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b and 4b. The prevalence of 10 virulence genes including the inlA, InlC, inlJ, plcA, hlyA, plcB, prfA, mpl, inlB, and actA were detected among Lm isolates. Most of the isolates (69.07%) demonstrated the potential for biofilm formation and were categorized as weak (14.95%), moderate (13.40%) and strong (40.72) biofilm formers. Furthermore, molecular typing revealed high levels of genetic diversity among Lm isolates. The findings of this investigation suggested that the presence of Lm in the RTE foods may constitute potential threats to the food sector and could pose public health hazards to consumers, particularly the high-risk group of the population. We, therefore, recommend that adequate food monitoring for safety and proper regulation enforcement in the food sector must be ensured to avoid any future listeriosis outbreak that could be linked to RTE foods in South Africa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adeoye John Kayode
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Center, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa.
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Center, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ma R, Hu X, Zhang X, Wang W, Sun J, Su Z, Zhu C. Strategies to prevent, curb and eliminate biofilm formation based on the characteristics of various periods in one biofilm life cycle. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1003033. [PMID: 36211965 PMCID: PMC9534288 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1003033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are colonies of bacteria embedded inside a complicated self-generating intercellular. The formation and scatter of a biofilm is an extremely complex and progressive process in constant cycles. Once formed, it can protect the inside bacteria to exist and reproduce under hostile conditions by establishing tolerance and resistance to antibiotics as well as immunological responses. In this article, we reviewed a series of innovative studies focused on inhibiting the development of biofilm and summarized a range of corresponding therapeutic methods for biological evolving stages of biofilm. Traditionally, there are four stages in the biofilm formation, while we systematize the therapeutic strategies into three main periods precisely:(i) period of preventing biofilm formation: interfering the colony effect, mass transport, chemical bonds and signaling pathway of plankton in the initial adhesion stage; (ii) period of curbing biofilm formation:targeting several pivotal molecules, for instance, polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA (eDNA) via polysaccharide hydrolases, proteases, and DNases respectively in the second stage before developing into irreversible biofilm; (iii) period of eliminating biofilm formation: applying novel multifunctional composite drugs or nanoparticle materials cooperated with ultrasonic (US), photodynamic, photothermal and even immune therapy, such as adaptive immune activated by stimulated dendritic cells (DCs), neutrophils and even immunological memory aroused by plasmocytes. The multitargeted or combinational therapies aim to prevent it from developing to the stage of maturation and dispersion and eliminate biofilms and planktonic bacteria simultaneously.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zheng Su
- *Correspondence: Chen Zhu, ; Zheng Su,
| | - Chen Zhu
- *Correspondence: Chen Zhu, ; Zheng Su,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Camargo AC, McFarland AP, Woodward JJ, Nero LA. The magnitude of cell invasion and cell-to-cell spread of Listeria monocytogenes is correlated with serotype-specific traits. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 382:109906. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
30
|
Jin F, Feng Y, Chen C, Yao H, Zhang R, Zhang Q, Meng F, Chen X, Jiao X, Yin Y. Transmembrane Protein LMxysn_1693 of Serovar 4h Listeria monocytogenes Is Associated with Bile Salt Resistance and Intestinal Colonization. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071263. [PMID: 35888981 PMCID: PMC9320622 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is a ubiquitous foodborne pathogen comprising of 14 serotypes, of which serovar 4h isolates belonging to hybrid sub-lineage Ⅱ exhibit hypervirulent features. LMxysn_1693 of serovar 4h Lm XYSN, a member of genomic island-7 (GI-7), is predicted to a membrane protein with unknown function, which is conserved in serovar 4h Listeria monocytogenes. Under bile salts stress, Lm XYSN strain lacking LMxysn_1693 (XYSN∆1693) exhibited a stationary phase growth defect as well as a reduction in biofilm formation and strikingly down-regulated bile-salts-resistant genes and virulent genes. Particularly, LMxysn_1693 protein plays a crucial role in Lm XYSN adhesion and invasion to intestinal epithelial cells, as well as colonization in the ileum of mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that the LMxysn_1693 gene encodes a component of the putative ABC transporter system, synthetically interacts with genes involved in bile resistance, biofilm formation and virulence, and thus contributes to Listeria monocytogenes survival within and outside the host.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanxin Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Youwei Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Renling Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fanzeng Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xin’an Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yuelan Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China; (F.J.); (Y.F.); (C.C.); (H.Y.); (R.Z.); (Q.Z.); (F.M.); (X.C.); (X.J.)
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, MOA of China, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, 48 East Wenhui Road, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu J, NicAogáin K, McAuliffe O, Jordan K, O’Byrne C. Phylogenetic and Phenotypic Analyses of a Collection of Food and Clinical Listeria monocytogenes Isolates Reveal Loss of Function of Sigma B from Several Clonal Complexes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0005122. [PMID: 35481758 PMCID: PMC9128516 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00051-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To understand the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the stress responses of the important foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, we collected 139 strains (meat, n = 25; dairy, n = 10; vegetable, n = 8; seafood, n = 14; mixed food, n = 4; and food processing environments, n = 78), mostly isolated in Ireland, and subjected them to whole-genome sequencing. These strains were compared to 25 Irish clinical isolates and 4 well-studied reference strains. Core genome and pan-genome analysis confirmed a highly clonal and deeply branched population structure. Multilocus sequence typing showed that this collection contained a diverse range of strains from L. monocytogenes lineages I and II. Several groups of isolates with highly similar genome content were traced to single or multiple food business operators, providing evidence of strain persistence or prevalence, respectively. Phenotypic screening assays for tolerance to salt stress and resistance to acid stress revealed variants within several clonal complexes that were phenotypically distinct. Five of these phenotypic outliers were found to carry mutations in the sigB operon, which encodes the stress-inducible sigma factor sigma B. Transcriptional analysis confirmed that three of the strains that carried mutations in sigB, rsbV, or rsbU had reduced SigB activity, as predicted. These strains exhibited increased tolerance to salt stress and displayed decreased resistance to low pH stress. Overall, this study shows that loss-of-function mutations in the sigB operon are comparatively common in field isolates, probably reflecting the cost of the general stress response to reproductive fitness in this pathogen. IMPORTANCE The bacterial foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes frequently contaminates various categories of food products and is able to cause life-threatening infections when ingested by humans. Thus, it is important to control the growth of this bacterium in food by understanding the mechanisms that allow its proliferation under suboptimal conditions. In this study, intraspecies heterogeneity in stress response was observed across a collection consisting of mainly Irish L. monocytogenes isolates. Through comparisons of genome sequence and phenotypes observed, we identified three strains with impairment of the general stress response regulator SigB. Two of these strains are used widely in food challenge studies for evaluating the growth potential of L. monocytogenes. Given that loss of SigB function is associated with atypical phenotypic properties, the use of these strains in food challenge studies should be re-evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialun Wu
- Bacterial Stress Response Group, Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Kerrie NicAogáin
- Bacterial Stress Response Group, Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Kieran Jordan
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conor O’Byrne
- Bacterial Stress Response Group, Microbiology, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Moreira GMSG, Gronow S, Dübel S, Mendonça M, Moreira ÂN, Conceição FR, Hust M. Phage Display-Derived Monoclonal Antibodies Against Internalins A and B Allow Specific Detection of Listeria monocytogenes. Front Public Health 2022; 10:712657. [PMID: 35372200 PMCID: PMC8964528 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.712657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the causative agent of listeriosis, a highly lethal disease initiated after the ingestion of Listeria-contaminated food. This species comprises different serovars, from which 4b, 1/2a, and 1/2b cause most of the infections. Among the different proteins involved in pathogenesis, the internalins A (InlA) and B (InlB) are the best characterized, since they play a major role in the enterocyte entry of Listeria cells during early infection. Due to their covalent attachment to the cell wall and location on the bacterial surface, along with their exclusive presence in the pathogenic L. monocytogenes, these proteins are also used as detection targets for this species. Even though huge advancements were achieved in the enrichment steps for subsequent Listeria detection, few studies have focused on the improvement of the antibodies for immunodetection. In the present study, recombinant InlA and InlB produced in Escherichia coli were used as targets to generate antibodies via phage display using the human naïve antibody libraries HAL9 and HAL10. A set of five recombinant antibodies (four against InlA, and one against InlB) were produced in scFv-Fc format and tested in indirect ELISA against a panel of 19 Listeria strains (17 species; including the three main serovars of L. monocytogenes) and 16 non-Listeria species. All five antibodies were able to recognize L. monocytogenes with 100% sensitivity (CI 29.24–100.0) and specificity (CI 88.78–100.0) in all three analyzed antibody concentrations. These findings show that phage display-derived antibodies can improve the biological tools to develop better immunodiagnostics for L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sabine Gronow
- Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Dübel
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Abteilung Biotechnologie, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marcelo Mendonça
- Universidade Federal do Agreste de Pernambuco, Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Garanhuns, Brazil
| | - Ângela Nunes Moreira
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Rochedo Conceição
- Laboratório de Imunologia Aplicada, Núcleo de Biotecnologia, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Michael Hust
- Technische Universität Braunschweig, Institut für Biochemie, Biotechnologie und Bioinformatik, Abteilung Biotechnologie, Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kotzamanidis C, Malousi A, Dushku E, Dobly A, De Keersmaecker SCJ, Roosens NH, Karathodorou A, Staikou A, Zdragas A, Yiangou M. Listeria monocytogenes isolates from Cornu aspersum snails: Whole genome-based characterization and host-pathogen interactions in a snail infection model. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 123:469-478. [PMID: 35354104 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Even though Listeria monocytogenes is an extensive-studied foodborne pathogen, genome analysis of isolates from snails that may represent a reservoir of L. monocytogenes are still scarce. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to assess the genomic diversity of hypervirulent, virulent and non-virulent phenotypes of 15 L. monocytogenes isolated from snails to unveil their survival, virulence, and host-pathogen mechanisms of interactions in a snail infection model. Most of isolates (66.7%) were characterized as multidrug resistant (MDR) and belonged to clonal complexes (CCs) which are strongly associated with cases of human infection. All isolates contained intact genes associated with invasion and infection while hypervirulent isolates are adapted to host environment, possessing genes which are involved in teichoic acid biosynthesis, peptidoglycan modification and biofilm formation, correlating with their tolerance to haemolymph plasma phenotype and biofilm formation ability. A snail infection model showed that hypervirulent isolates triggered programmed host cell death pathway by increasing up to 30% the circulating apoptotic hemocytes in combination with induced nitrate production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in snails' haemolymph. In contrast, the administration of the non-virulent strain which possesses a truncated mogR gene that regulates flagellar motility gene expression led only to an increase of necrotic non-apoptotic cells. Overall, this study provides significant insights into the genetic diversity of L. monocytogenes from snails, the genomic features of them linked to their hypervirulent/non-virulent phenotype, and the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charalampos Kotzamanidis
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DIMITRA, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Campus of Thermi, Thermi, 57001, Greece
| | - Andigoni Malousi
- Lab of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Esmeralda Dushku
- Department of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandre Dobly
- Section Quality of Vaccines and Blood Products, Scientific Direction of Expertise and Service Provision, Sciensano, Rue J. Wytsman 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Nancy H Roosens
- Transversal Activities in Applied Genomics, Sciensano, Rue J. Wytsman 14, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Argyro Karathodorou
- Department of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandra Staikou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonios Zdragas
- Hellenic Agricultural Organisation-DIMITRA, Veterinary Research Institute of Thessaloniki, Campus of Thermi, Thermi, 57001, Greece
| | - Minas Yiangou
- Department of Genetics, Development & Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Inhibition of lung microbiota-derived proapoptotic peptides ameliorates acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1558. [PMID: 35322016 PMCID: PMC8943153 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29064-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is an incurable disease of unknown etiology. Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is associated with high mortality. Excessive apoptosis of lung epithelial cells occurs in pulmonary fibrosis acute exacerbation. We recently identified corisin, a proapoptotic peptide that triggers acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we provide insights into the mechanism underlying the processing and release of corisin. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an anticorisin monoclonal antibody ameliorates lung fibrosis by significantly inhibiting acute exacerbation in the human transforming growth factorβ1 model and acute lung injury in the bleomycin model. By investigating the impact of the anticorisin monoclonal antibody in a general model of acute lung injury, we further unravel the potential of corisin to impact such diseases. These results underscore the role of corisin in the pathogenesis of acute exacerbation of pulmonary fibrosis and acute lung injury and provide a novel approach to treating this incurable disease.
Collapse
|
35
|
Lourenco A, Linke K, Wagner M, Stessl B. The Saprophytic Lifestyle of Listeria monocytogenes and Entry Into the Food-Processing Environment. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:789801. [PMID: 35350628 PMCID: PMC8957868 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.789801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an environmentally adapted saprophyte that can change into a human and animal bacterial pathogen with zoonotic potential through several regulatory systems. In this review, the focus is on the occurrence of Listeria sensu stricto and sensu lato in different ecological niches, the detection methods, and their analytical limitations. It also highlights the occurrence of L. monocytogenes genotypes in the environment (soil, water, and wildlife), reflects on the molecular determinants of L. monocytogenes for the saprophytic lifestyle and the potential for antibiotic resistance. In particular, the strain-specific properties with which some genotypes circulate in wastewater, surface water, soil, wildlife, and agricultural environments are of particular interest for the continuously updating risk analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Lourenco
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Co. Cork, Ireland
- Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Linke
- Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Wagner
- Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Tulln, Austria
| | - Beatrix Stessl
- Unit for Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ling Z, Zhao D, Xie X, Yao H, Wang Y, Kong S, Chen X, Pan Z, Jiao X, Yin Y. inlF Enhances Listeria monocytogenes Early-Stage Infection by Inhibiting the Inflammatory Response. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:748461. [PMID: 35223532 PMCID: PMC8866704 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.748461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The internalin family proteins, which carry the leucine repeat region structural motif, play diverse roles in Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) infection and pathogenesis. Although Internalin F, encoded by inlF, was identified more than 20 years ago, its role in the Lm anti-inflammatory response remains unknown. Lm serotype 4b isolates are associated with the majority of listeriosis outbreaks, but the function of InlF in these strains is not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role of inlF in modulating the inflammatory response and pathogenesis of the 4b strain Lm NTSN. Strikingly, although inlF was highly expressed at the transcriptional level during infection of five non-phagocytic cell types, it was not involved in adherence or invasion. Conversely, inlF did contributed to Lm adhesion and invasion of macrophages, and dramatically suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Consistent with the in vitro results, during Lm infection mice, inlF significantly inhibited the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in the spleen, as well as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the liver. More importantly, inlF contributed to Lm colonization in the spleen, liver, and ileum during the early stage of mouse infection via intragastric administration, inducing severe inflammatory injury and histopathologic changes in the late stage. To our knowledge, this is the first report to demonstrate that inlF mediates the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory response and contributes to the colonization and survival of Lm during the early stage of infection in mice. Our research partly explains the high pathogenicity of serovar 4b strains and will lead to new insights into the pathogenesis and immune evasion of Lm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiting Ling
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Xie
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yao
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Suwei Kong
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xin’an Jiao
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xin’an Jiao, ; Yuelan Yin,
| | - Yuelan Yin
- Jangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xin’an Jiao, ; Yuelan Yin,
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Muchaamba F, Eshwar AK, Stevens MJA, Stephan R, Tasara T. Different Shades of Listeria monocytogenes: Strain, Serotype, and Lineage-Based Variability in Virulence and Stress Tolerance Profiles. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:792162. [PMID: 35058906 PMCID: PMC8764371 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.792162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a public health and food safety challenge due to its virulence and natural stress resistance phenotypes. The variable distribution of L. monocytogenes molecular subtypes with respect to food products and processing environments and among human and animal clinical listeriosis cases is observed. Sixty-two clinical and food-associated L. monocytogenes isolates were examined through phenome and genome analysis. Virulence assessed using a zebrafish infection model revealed serotype and genotype-specific differences in pathogenicity. Strains of genetic lineage I serotype 4b and multilocus sequence type clonal complexes CC1, CC2, CC4, and CC6 grew and survived better and were more virulent than serotype 1/2a and 1/2c lineage II, CC8, and CC9 strains. Hemolysis, phospholipase activity, and lysozyme tolerance profiles were associated with the differences observed in virulence. Osmotic stress resistance evaluation revealed serotype 4b lineage I CC2 and CC4 strains as more osmotolerant, whereas serotype 1/2c lineage II CC9 strains were more osmo-sensitive than others. Variable tolerance to the widely used quaternary ammonium compound benzalkonium chloride (BC) was observed. Some outbreak and sporadic clinical case associated strains demonstrated BC tolerance, which might have contributed to their survival and transition in the food-processing environment facilitating food product contamination and ultimately outbreaks or sporadic listeriosis cases. Genome comparison uncovered various moderate differences in virulence and stress associated genes between the strains indicating that these differences in addition to gene expression regulation variations might largely be responsible for the observed virulence and stress sensitivity phenotypic differences. Overall, our study uncovered strain and genotype-dependent variation in virulence and stress resilience among clinical and food-associated L. monocytogenes isolates with potential public health risk implications. The extensive genome and phenotypic data generated provide a basis for developing improved Listeria control strategies and policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francis Muchaamba
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Athmanya K Eshwar
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc J A Stevens
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roger Stephan
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Taurai Tasara
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Lakicevic BZ, Den Besten HMW, De Biase D. Landscape of Stress Response and Virulence Genes Among Listeria monocytogenes Strains. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:738470. [PMID: 35126322 PMCID: PMC8811131 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.738470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenic microorganism Listeria monocytogenes is ubiquitous and responsible for listeriosis, a disease with a high mortality rate in susceptible people. It can persist in different habitats, including the farm environment, the food production environments, and in foods. This pathogen can grow under challenging conditions, such as low pH, low temperatures, and high salt concentrations. However, L. monocytogenes has a high degree of strain divergence regarding virulence potential, environmental adaption, and stress response. This review seeks to provide the reader with an up-to-date overview of clonal and serotype-specific differences among L. monocytogenes strains. Emphasis on the genes and genomic islands responsible for virulence and resistance to environmental stresses is given to explain the complex adaptation among L. monocytogenes strains. Moreover, we highlight the use of advanced diagnostic technologies, such as whole-genome sequencing, to fine-tune quantitative microbiological risk assessment for better control of listeriosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brankica Z. Lakicevic
- Institute of Meat Hygiene and Technology, Belgrade, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Brankica Z. Lakicevic,
| | | | - Daniela De Biase
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
A novel multiplex PCR method for simultaneous identification of hypervirulent Listeria monocytogenes clonal complex 87 and CC88 strains in China. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 366:109558. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
40
|
Bellich B, Janež N, Sterniša M, Klančnik A, Ravenscroft N, Rizzo R, Sabotič J, Cescutti P. Characterisation of a new cell wall teichoic acid produced by Listeria innocua ŽM39 and analysis of its biosynthesis genes. Carbohydr Res 2021; 511:108499. [PMID: 35007911 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2021.108499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Listeria innocua is genetically closely related to the foodborne human pathogen Listeria monocytogenes. However, as most L. innocua strains are non-pathogenic, it has been proposed as a surrogate organism for determining the efficacy of antimicrobial strategies against L. monocytogenes. Teichoic acids are one of the three major cell wall components of Listeria, along with the peptidoglycan backbone and cell wall-associated proteins. The polymeric teichoic acids make up the majority of cell wall carbohydrates; the type of teichoic acids directly attached to the peptidoglycan are termed wall teichoic acids (WTAs). WTAs play vital physiological roles, are important virulence factors, antigenic determinants, and phage-binding ligands. The structures of the various WTAs of L. monocytogenes are well known, whereas those of L. innocua are not. In the present study, the WTA structure of L. innocua ŽM39 was determined mainly by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and it was found to be the following: [→4)-[α-D-GlcpNAc-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcpNAc-(1→4)-D-Rbo-(1P→]n This structure is new with respect to all currently known Listeria WTAs and it shares structural similarities with type II WTA serovar 6a. In addition, the genome of strain L. innocua ŽM39 was sequenced and the majority of putative WTA synthesis genes were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bellich
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nika Janež
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Meta Sterniša
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Klančnik
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Neil Ravenscroft
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Roberto Rizzo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jerica Sabotič
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Paola Cescutti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Bdg. C11, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bagatella S, Tavares-Gomes L, Oevermann A. Listeria monocytogenes at the interface between ruminants and humans: A comparative pathology and pathogenesis review. Vet Pathol 2021; 59:186-210. [PMID: 34856818 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211052659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is widely distributed in the environment as a saprophyte, but may turn into a lethal intracellular pathogen upon ingestion. Invasive infections occur in numerous species worldwide, but most commonly in humans and farmed ruminants, and manifest as distinct forms. Of those, neuroinfection is remarkably threatening due to its high mortality. Lm is widely studied not only as a pathogen but also as an essential model for intracellular infections and host-pathogen interactions. Many aspects of its ecology and pathogenesis, however, remain unclear and are rarely addressed in its natural hosts. This review highlights the heterogeneity and adaptability of Lm by summarizing its association with the environment, farm animals, and disease. It also provides current knowledge on key features of the pathology and (molecular) pathogenesis of various listeriosis forms in naturally susceptible species with a special focus on ruminants and on the neuroinvasive form of the disease. Moreover, knowledge gaps on pathomechanisms of listerial infections and relevant unexplored topics in Lm pathogenesis research are highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Bagatella
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Leticia Tavares-Gomes
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Quereda JJ, Morón-García A, Palacios-Gorba C, Dessaux C, García-del Portillo F, Pucciarelli MG, Ortega AD. Pathogenicity and virulence of Listeria monocytogenes: A trip from environmental to medical microbiology. Virulence 2021; 12:2509-2545. [PMID: 34612177 PMCID: PMC8496543 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1975526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a saprophytic gram-positive bacterium, and an opportunistic foodborne pathogen that can produce listeriosis in humans and animals. It has evolved an exceptional ability to adapt to stress conditions encountered in different environments, resulting in a ubiquitous distribution. Because some food preservation methods and disinfection protocols in food-processing environments cannot efficiently prevent contaminations, L. monocytogenes constitutes a threat to human health and a challenge to food safety. In the host, Listeria colonizes the gastrointestinal tract, crosses the intestinal barrier, and disseminates through the blood to target organs. In immunocompromised individuals, the elderly, and pregnant women, the pathogen can cross the blood-brain and placental barriers, leading to neurolisteriosis and materno-fetal listeriosis. Molecular and cell biology studies of infection have proven L. monocytogenes to be a versatile pathogen that deploys unique strategies to invade different cell types, survive and move inside the eukaryotic host cell, and spread from cell to cell. Here, we present the multifaceted Listeria life cycle from a comprehensive perspective. We discuss genetic features of pathogenic Listeria species, analyze factors involved in food contamination, and review bacterial strategies to tolerate stresses encountered both during food processing and along the host's gastrointestinal tract. Then we dissect host-pathogen interactions underlying listerial pathogenesis in mammals from a cell biology and systemic point of view. Finally, we summarize the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and clinical features of listeriosis in humans and animals. This work aims to gather information from different fields crucial for a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of L. monocytogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Quereda
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities. Valencia, Spain
| | - Alvaro Morón-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Carla Palacios-Gorba
- Departamento de Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities. Valencia, Spain
| | - Charlotte Dessaux
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco García-del Portillo
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Graciela Pucciarelli
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular ‘Severo Ochoa’. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro D. Ortega
- Departamento de Biología Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB)- Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Barbuddhe SB, Rawool DB, Doijad SP, Vergis J, Malik SS, Chakraborty T. Ecology of Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria species in India: the occurrence, resistance to biocides, genomic landscape and biocontrol. Environ Microbiol 2021; 24:2759-2780. [PMID: 34693631 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes, the causative agent of listeriosis, has been implicated in increasing foodborne outbreaks worldwide. The disease is manifested in various forms ranging from severe sepsis in immune-compromised individuals, febrile gastroenteritis, still birth, abortions and meningoencephalitis. In India, data from studies on the detection and molecular epidemiological analysis of L. monocytogenes are only recently emerging. The presence of Listeria in different ecological niches has been recorded from India, including foods, soil, vegetables, mangrove swamps, seafood, freshwater fishes, clinical cases, and also insects. The organism has also been isolated from women with spontaneous abortions, miscarriage or recurrent obstetric history, aborted foetuses, animal clinical cases and wildlife samples. A novel species of Listeria has also been characterized. Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from clinical, environmental, and foods showed biofilm-forming abilities. Listeria monocytogenes serotype 4b isolates of ST328, a predominant and unique ST observed in India, was repeatedly isolated from different sources, times, and geographical locations. Here, we reviewed the occurrence of Listeria in different sources in India, its resistance to biocides, and provide epidemiological analysis on its genomic landscape.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepak Bhiwa Rawool
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Meat, Chengicherla, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500092, India
| | - Swapnil Prakash Doijad
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
| | - Jess Vergis
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pookode, Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad, Kerala, 673576, India
| | - Satyaveer Singh Malik
- Division of Veterinary Public Health, ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Trinad Chakraborty
- Institute for Medical Microbiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, 35392, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Giessen, 35392, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Conditions of In Vitro Biofilm Formation by Serogroups of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Hass Avocados Sold at Markets in Mexico. Foods 2021; 10:foods10092097. [PMID: 34574207 PMCID: PMC8467555 DOI: 10.3390/foods10092097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is an important pathogen that has been implicated in foodborne illnesses and the recall of products such as fruit and vegetables. This study determines the prevalence of virulence-associated genes and serogroups and evaluates the effects of different growth media and environmental conditions on biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes. Eighteen L. monocytogenes isolates from Hass avocados sold at markets in Guadalajara, Mexico, were characterized by virulence-associated genes and serogroup detection with PCR. All isolates harbored 88.8% actA, 88.8% plcA, 83.3% mpl, 77.7% inlB, 77.7% hly, 66.6% prfA, 55.5% plcB, and 33.3% inlA. The results showed that 38.8% of isolates harbored virulence genes belonging to Listeria pathogenicity island 1 (LIPI-1). PCR revealed that the most prevalent serogroup was serogroup III (1/2b, 3b, and 7 (n = 18, 66.65%)), followed by serogroup IV (4b, 4d-4e (n = 5, 27.7%)) and serogroup I (1/2a-3a (n = 1, 5.5%)). The assessment of the ability to develop biofilms using a crystal violet staining method revealed that L. monocytogenes responded to supplement medium TSBA, 1/10 diluted TSBA, and TSB in comparison with 1/10 diluted TSB (p < 0.05) on polystyrene at 240 h (p < 0.05). In particular, the biofilm formation by L. monocytogenes (7.78 ± 0.03-8.82 ± 0.03 log10 CFU/cm2) was significantly different in terms of TSBA on polypropylene type B (PP) (p < 0.05). In addition, visualization by epifluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and treatment (DNase I and proteinase K) revealed the metabolically active cells and extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms on PP. L. monocytogenes has the ability to develop biofilms that harbor virulence-associated genes, which represent a serious threat to human health and food safety.
Collapse
|
45
|
Sun Q, Cai S, Cheng J, Zhang Y, Lin R, Ye Q, Xue L, Zeng H, Lei T, Zhang S, Luo X, Wu K, Wu Q, Chen M, Zhang J. Distribution, contamination routes, and seasonal influence of persistent Listeria monocytogenes in a commercial fresh Hypsizigus marmoreus production facility. Food Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
46
|
Unrath N, McCabe E, Macori G, Fanning S. Application of Whole Genome Sequencing to Aid in Deciphering the Persistence Potential of Listeria monocytogenes in Food Production Environments. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1856. [PMID: 34576750 PMCID: PMC8464834 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is the etiological agent of listeriosis, a foodborne illness associated with high hospitalizations and mortality rates. This bacterium can persist in food associated environments for years with isolates being increasingly linked to outbreaks. This review presents a discussion of genomes of Listeria monocytogenes which are commonly regarded as persisters within food production environments, as well as genes which are involved in mechanisms aiding this phenotype. Although criteria for the detection of persistence remain undefined, the advent of whole genome sequencing (WGS) and the development of bioinformatic tools have revolutionized the ability to find closely related strains. These advancements will facilitate the identification of mechanisms responsible for persistence among indistinguishable genomes. In turn, this will lead to improved assessments of the importance of biofilm formation, adaptation to stressful conditions and tolerance to sterilizers in relation to the persistence of this bacterium, all of which have been previously associated with this phenotype. Despite much research being published around the topic of persistence, more insights are required to further elucidate the nature of true persistence and its implications for public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Unrath
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (N.U.); (E.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Evonne McCabe
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (N.U.); (E.M.); (G.M.)
- Department of Microbiology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, D04 T6F4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Guerrino Macori
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (N.U.); (E.M.); (G.M.)
| | - Séamus Fanning
- UCD-Centre for Food Safety, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, D04 N2E5 Dublin, Ireland; (N.U.); (E.M.); (G.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Glucose Decoration on Wall Teichoic Acid Is Required for Phage Adsorption and InlB-Mediated Virulence in Listeria ivanovii. J Bacteriol 2021; 203:e0013621. [PMID: 34096780 PMCID: PMC8297528 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00136-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria ivanovii (Liv) is an intracellular Gram-positive pathogen that primarily infects ruminants but also occasionally causes enteric infections in humans. Albeit rare, this bacterium possesses the capacity to cross the intestinal epithelium of humans, similar to its more frequently pathogenic cousin, Listeria monocytogenes (Lmo). Recent studies in Lmo have shown that specific glycosyl modifications on the cell wall-associated glycopolymers (termed wall teichoic acid [WTA]) of Lmo are responsible for bacteriophage adsorption and retention of the major virulence factor internalin B (InlB). However, the relationship between InlB and WTA in Liv remains unclear. Here, we report the identification of the unique gene liv1070, which encodes a putative glucosyltransferase in the polycistronic WTA gene cluster of the Liv WSLC 3009 genome. We found that in-frame deletion of liv1070 led to loss of the glucose substitution on WTA, as revealed by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) analysis. Interestingly, the glucose-deficient mutant became resistant to phage B025 infection due to an inability of the phage to adsorb to the bacterial surface, a binding process mediated by the receptor-binding protein B025_Gp17. As expected, deletion of liv1070 led to loss of InlB retention on the bacterial cell wall, which corresponded to a drastic decrease in cellular invasion. Genetic complementation of liv1070 restored the characteristic phenotypes, including glucose decoration, phage adsorption, and cellular invasion. Taken together, our data demonstrate that an interplay between phage, bacteria, and host cells also exists in Listeria ivanovii, suggesting that the trade-off between phage resistance and virulence attenuation may be a general feature in the genus Listeria. IMPORTANCE Listeria ivanovii is a Gram-positive bacterial pathogen known to cause enteric infection in rodents and ruminants and occasionally in immunocompromised humans. Recent investigations revealed that in its better-known cousin Listeria monocytogenes, strains develop resistance to bacteriophage attack due to loss of glycosylated surface receptors, which subsequently results in disconnection of one of the bacterium's major virulence factors, InlB. However, the situation in L. ivanovii remains unclear. Here, we show that L. ivanovii acquires phage resistance following deletion of a unique glycosyltransferase. This deletion also leads to dysfunction of InlB, making the resulting strain unable to invade host cells. Overall, this study suggests that the interplay between phage, bacteria, and the host may be a feature common to the genus Listeria.
Collapse
|
48
|
Characterisation of Listeria monocytogenes food-associated isolates to assess environmental fitness and virulence potential. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 350:109247. [PMID: 34023680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The ability of Listeria monocytogenes isolates to survive within the food production environment (FPE), as well as virulence, varies greatly between strains. There are specific genetic determinants that have been identified which can strongly influence a strains ability to survive in the FPE and/or within human hosts. In this study, we assessed the FPE fitness and virulence potential, including efficacy of selected hygiene or treatment intervention, against 52 L. monocytogenes strains isolated from various food and food environment sources. Phenotypic tests were performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration of cadmium chloride and benzalkonium chloride and the sensitivities to five clinically relevant antibiotics. A genomic analysis was also performed to identify resistance genes correlating to the observed phenotypic resistance profiles, along with genetic determinants of interest which may elude to the FPE fitness and virulence potential. A transposon element containing a novel cadmium resistance gene, cadA7, a Tn916 variant insert in the hypervariable Listeria genomic island 1 region and an LGI2 variant were identified. Resistance to cadmium and disinfectants was prevalent among isolates in this study, although no resistance to clinically important antimicrobials was observed. Potential hypervirulent strains containing full length inlA, LIPI-1 and LIPI-3 were also identified in this study. Cumulatively, the results of this study show a vast array of FPE survival and pathogenicity potential among food production-associated isolates, which may be of concern for food processing operators and clinicians regarding L. monocytogenes strains colonising and persisting within the FPE, and subsequently contaminating food products then causing disease in at risk population groups.
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu W, Huang Y, Ying C, Zhou Y, Zhang L, Zhang J, Chen Y, Qiu Y. Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Options for Clinical Listeria monocytogenes Infections in China. Open Forum Infect Dis 2021; 8:ofab177. [PMID: 34159214 PMCID: PMC8212942 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) pathogenicity and resistance. In addition, the effect of existing treatment options against Lm were systematically evaluated. Methods Six Lm isolates were collected and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of 15 antibiotics were done. Subsequently, whole genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. Biofilm formation was evaluated by crystal violet staining. Furthermore, the effect of meropenem, linezolid, penicillin, vancomycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were determined using the time-kill assay. Results Four sequence types (STs) were identified (ST1, ST3, ST87, ST451). Multivirulence-locus sequence typing results classified ST87 isolates into cluster. All isolates were resistant to fosfomycin and daptomycin with fosX and mprF. In addition, a total of 80 virulence genes were detected and 72 genes were found in all 6 isolates. Seven genes associated with hemolysin were found in 26530 and 115423. However, due to lack of one genomic island including virulence genes related to flagellar synthesis, isolate 115423 produced less biofilm than 5 other isolates. Although all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, the in vitro time-kill assay showed that vancomycin monotherapy resulted in less than 2 log10 cerebrospinal fluid (CFU)/mL compared with the initial count. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole at serum or CFU concentrations had bactericidal effect against tested Lm strains at 24 hours. Conclusions ST87 clone was a typical prevalent ST in clinical Lm isolates in China. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole might be greater potential therapeutic option against Lm infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yicheng Huang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoqun Ying
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanzi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiajie Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingsha Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunqing Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Clinical Research and Evaluation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wang Y, Ji Q, Li S, Liu M. Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated From Retail Pork in Wuhan, China. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:620482. [PMID: 33767677 PMCID: PMC7986423 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.620482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous bacteria and causative agent of zoonotic listeriosis with high mortality. The consumption of contaminated animal-derived foods has been linked with both epidemic and sporadic listeriosis. In this work, a total of 64 L. monocytogenes isolates from 259 pork samples sold in 11 supermarket chains were identified and characterized by comparative whole-genome analysis. All isolates were delineated into eight clonal complexes (CCs), namely CC2, CC8, CC9, CC11, CC155, CC121, CC204, and CC619, spanning two lineages (I and II) and carrying 3–5 antibiotic-resistant genes (fosX, lnu, mprF, tetM, and dhfR). It is noted that Listeria pathogenicity island (LIPI)-1, LIPI-3, and LIPI-4 were distributed in all ST619 isolates from two supermarket chains that were closely related with clinical isolates (<40 SNP). Some of the isolates from different supermarket chains with 0 SNP difference indicated a common pork supply source. Notably, 57.81% of the strains carried types IB, IIA, or IIIB CRISPR-Cas system, CC121 isolates carried both types IB and IIA CRISPR-Cas systems, Cas proteins of CC155 isolates located between two CRISPR loci, each CC has unique organization of Cas proteins as well as CRISPR loci. CRISPR-Cas system-based subtyping improved discrimination of pork-derived L. monocytogenes isolates. Comparisons at the genome level contributed to understand the genetic diversities and variations among the isolates and provided insights into the genetic makeup and relatedness of these pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|