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Maldifassi MC, Guerra-Fernández MJ, Ponce D, Alfonso-Bueno S, Maripillán J, Vielma AH, Báez-Matus X, Marengo FD, Acuña-Castillo C, Sáez JC, Martínez AD, Cárdenas AM. Autocrine activation of P2X7 receptors mediates catecholamine secretion in chromaffin cells. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2905-2922. [PMID: 38679932 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ATP is highly accumulated in secretory vesicles and secreted upon exocytosis from neurons and endocrine cells. In adrenal chromaffin granules, intraluminal ATP reaches concentrations over 100 mM. However, how these large amounts of ATP contribute to exocytosis has not been investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Exocytotic events in bovine and mouse adrenal chromaffin cells were measured with single cell amperometry. Cytosolic Ca2+ measurements were carried out in Fluo-4 loaded cells. Submembrane Ca2+ was examined in PC12 cells transfected with a membrane-tethered Ca2+ indicator Lck-GCaMP3. ATP release was measured using the luciferin/luciferase assay. Knockdown of P2X7 receptors was induced with short interfering RNA (siRNA). Direct Ca2+ influx through this receptor was measured using a P2X7 receptor-GCamp6 construct. KEY RESULTS ATP induced exocytosis in chromaffin cells, whereas the ectonucleotidase apyrase reduced the release events induced by the nicotinic agonist dimethylphenylpiperazinium (DMPP), high KCl, or ionomycin. The purinergic agonist BzATP also promoted a secretory response that was dependent on extracellular Ca2+. A740003, a P2X7 receptor antagonist, abolished secretory responses of these secretagogues. Exocytosis was also diminished in chromaffin cells when P2X7 receptors were silenced using siRNAs and in cells of P2X7 receptor knockout mice. In PC12 cells, DMPP induced ATP release, triggering Ca2+ influx through P2X7 receptors. Furthermore, BzATP, DMPP, and KCl allowed the formation of submembrane Ca2+ microdomains inhibited by A740003. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Autocrine activation of P2X7 receptors constitutes a crucial feedback system that amplifies the secretion of catecholamines in chromaffin cells by favouring submembrane Ca2+ microdomains.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Constanza Maldifassi
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - María José Guerra-Fernández
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Daniela Ponce
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Samuel Alfonso-Bueno
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. CONICET. Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jaime Maripillán
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Alex H Vielma
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ximena Báez-Matus
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fernando D Marengo
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias. CONICET. Departamento de Fisiología y Biología Molecular y Celular. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudio Acuña-Castillo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Agustín D Martínez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ana M Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Giniatullin AR, Mukhutdinova KA, Petrov AM. Mechanism of Purinergic Regulation of Neurotransmission in Mouse Neuromuscular Junction: The Role of Redox Signaling and Lipid Rafts. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:2021-2037. [PMID: 38814360 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04153-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Acetylcholine is the main neurotransmitter at the vertebrate neuromuscular junctions (NMJs). ACh exocytosis is precisely modulated by co-transmitter ATP and its metabolites. It is assumed that ATP/ADP effects on ACh release rely on activation of presynaptic Gi protein-coupled P2Y13 receptors. However, downstream signaling mechanism of ATP/ADP-mediated modulation of neuromuscular transmission remains elusive. Using microelectrode recording and fluorescent indicators, the mechanism underlying purinergic regulation was studied in the mouse diaphragm NMJs. Pharmacological stimulation of purinoceptors with ADP decreased synaptic vesicle exocytosis evoked by both low and higher frequency stimulation. This inhibitory action was suppressed by antagonists of P2Y13 receptors (MRS 2211), Ca2+ mobilization (TMB8), protein kinase C (chelerythrine) and NADPH oxidase (VAS2870) as well as antioxidants. This suggests the participation of Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the ADP-triggered signaling. Indeed, ADP caused an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ with subsequent elevation of ROS levels. The elevation of [Ca2+]in was blocked by MRS 2211 and TMB8, whereas upregulation of ROS was prevented by pertussis toxin (inhibitor of Gi protein) and VAS2870. Targeting the main components of lipid rafts, cholesterol and sphingomyelin, suppressed P2Y13 receptor-dependent attenuation of exocytosis and ADP-induced enhancement of ROS production. Inhibition of P2Y13 receptors decreased ROS production and increased the rate of exocytosis during intense activity. Thus, suppression of neuromuscular transmission by exogenous ADP or endogenous ATP can rely on P2Y13 receptor/Gi protein/Ca2+/protein kinase C/NADPH oxidase/ROS signaling, which is coordinated in a lipid raft-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamilla A Mukhutdinova
- Kazan State Medical University, 49 Butlerova St., Kazan, RT, Russia, 420012
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, RT, Russia, 420111
| | - Alexey M Petrov
- Kazan State Medical University, 49 Butlerova St., Kazan, RT, Russia, 420012.
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, RT, Russia, 420111.
- Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan, Russia, 420008.
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Su Y, Verkhratsky A, Yi C. Targeting connexins: possible game changer in managing neuropathic pain? Trends Mol Med 2024; 30:642-659. [PMID: 38594094 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a chronic debilitating condition caused by nerve injury or a variety of diseases. At the core of neuropathic pain lies the aberrant neuronal excitability in the peripheral and/or central nervous system (PNS and CNS). Enhanced connexin expression and abnormal activation of connexin-assembled gap junctional channels are prominent in neuropathic pain along with reactive gliosis, contributing to neuronal hypersensitivity and hyperexcitability. In this review, we delve into the current understanding of how connexin expression and function contribute to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neuropathic pain and argue for connexins as potential therapeutic targets for neuropathic pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixun Su
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Alexei Verkhratsky
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Achucarro Center for Neuroscience, IKERBASQUE, Bilbao, Spain; Department of Stem Cell Biology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenju Yi
- Research Centre, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangzhou, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Active substance screening and Translational Research, Shenzhen, China.
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4
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Zhou Z, Liu J, Xiong T, Liu Y, Tuan RS, Li ZA. Engineering Innervated Musculoskeletal Tissues for Regenerative Orthopedics and Disease Modeling. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310614. [PMID: 38200684 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders significantly burden patients and society, resulting in high healthcare costs and productivity loss. These disorders are the leading cause of physical disability, and their prevalence is expected to increase as sedentary lifestyles become common and the global population of the elderly increases. Proper innervation is critical to maintaining MSK function, and nerve damage or dysfunction underlies various MSK disorders, underscoring the potential of restoring nerve function in MSK disorder treatment. However, most MSK tissue engineering strategies have overlooked the significance of innervation. This review first expounds upon innervation in the MSK system and its importance in maintaining MSK homeostasis and functions. This will be followed by strategies for engineering MSK tissues that induce post-implantation in situ innervation or are pre-innervated. Subsequently, research progress in modeling MSK disorders using innervated MSK organoids and organs-on-chips (OoCs) is analyzed. Finally, the future development of engineering innervated MSK tissues to treat MSK disorders and recapitulate disease mechanisms is discussed. This review provides valuable insights into the underlying principles, engineering methods, and applications of innervated MSK tissues, paving the way for the development of targeted, efficacious therapies for various MSK conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Tiandi Xiong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, P. R. China
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Alan Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Center for Neuromusculoskeletal Restorative Medicine, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong SAR, P. R. China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518057, P. R. China
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5
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Mostosi D, Molinaro M, Saccone S, Torrente Y, Villa C, Farini A. Exploring the Gut Microbiota-Muscle Axis in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5589. [PMID: 38891777 PMCID: PMC11171690 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in maintaining the dynamic balance of intestinal epithelial and immune cells, crucial for overall organ homeostasis. Dysfunctions in these intricate relationships can lead to inflammation and contribute to the pathogenesis of various diseases. Recent findings uncovered the existence of a gut-muscle axis, revealing how alterations in the gut microbiota can disrupt regulatory mechanisms in muscular and adipose tissues, triggering immune-mediated inflammation. In the context of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), alterations in intestinal permeability stand as a potential origin of molecules that could trigger muscle degeneration via various pathways. Metabolites produced by gut bacteria, or fragments of bacteria themselves, may have the ability to migrate from the gut into the bloodstream and ultimately infiltrate distant muscle tissues, exacerbating localized pathologies. These insights highlight alternative pathological pathways in DMD beyond the musculoskeletal system, paving the way for nutraceutical supplementation as a potential adjuvant therapy. Understanding the complex interplay between the gut microbiota, immune system, and muscular health offers new perspectives for therapeutic interventions beyond conventional approaches to efficiently counteract the multifaceted nature of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Mostosi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (Y.T.); (C.V.)
| | - Monica Molinaro
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Sabrina Saccone
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Yvan Torrente
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (Y.T.); (C.V.)
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
| | - Chiara Villa
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Dino Ferrari Center, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy; (D.M.); (Y.T.); (C.V.)
| | - Andrea Farini
- Neurology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (S.S.)
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6
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Wu Q, Xia Y, Guo MS, Au TY, Yuen GKW, Kong I, Wang Z, Lin Y, Dong TTX, Tsim KWK. Acetylcholinesterase is regulated by exposure of ultraviolet B in skin keratinocytes: A potential inducer of cholinergic urticaria. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23641. [PMID: 38690717 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400146r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Cholinergic urticaria is a dermatological disease characterized by the presence of large patches of red skin and transient hives triggered by factors, such as exercise, sweating, and psychological tension. This skin problem is hypothesized to be attributed to a reduced expression of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing acetylcholine (ACh). Consequently, ACh is thought to the leak from sympathetic nerves to skin epidermis. The redundant ACh stimulates the mast cells to release histamine, triggering immune responses in skin. Here, the exposure of ultraviolet B in skin suppressed the expression of AChE in keratinocytes, both in in vivo and in vitro models. The decrease of the enzyme was resulted from a declined transcription of ACHE gene mediated by micro-RNAs, that is, miR-132 and miR-212. The levels of miR-132 and miR-212 were markedly induced by exposure to ultraviolet B, which subsequently suppressed the transcriptional rate of ACHE. In the presence of low level of AChE, the overflow ACh caused the pro-inflammatory responses in skin epidermis, including increased secretion of cytokines and COX-2. These findings suggest that ultraviolet B exposure is one of the factors contributing to cholinergic urticaria in skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Wu
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingjie Xia
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Maggie Suisui Guo
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz Yu Au
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gary K W Yuen
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ivan Kong
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengqi Wang
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yingyi Lin
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tina T X Dong
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
| | - Karl W K Tsim
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Edible and Medicinal Bioresources, HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen, China
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7
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Yadav A, Dabur R. Skeletal muscle atrophy after sciatic nerve damage: Mechanistic insights. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176506. [PMID: 38492879 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Sciatic nerve injury leads to molecular events that cause muscular dysfunction advancement in atrophic conditions. Nerve damage renders muscles permanently relaxed which elevates intracellular resting Ca2+ levels. Increased Ca2+ levels are associated with several cellular signaling pathways including AMPK, cGMP, PLC-β, CERB, and calcineurin. Also, multiple enzymes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation are activated by Ca2+ influx into mitochondria during muscle contraction, to meet increased ATP demand. Nerve damage induces mitophagy and skeletal muscle atrophy through increased sensitivity to Ca2+-induced opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) in mitochondria attributed to Ca2+, ROS, and AMPK overload in muscle. Activated AMPK interacts negatively with Akt/mTOR is a highly prevalent and well-described central pathway for anabolic processes. Over the decade several reports indicate abnormal behavior of signaling machinery involved in denervation-induced muscle loss but end up with some controversial outcomes. Therefore, understanding how the synthesis and inhibitory stimuli interact with cellular signaling to control muscle mass and morphology may lead to new pharmacological insights toward understanding the underlying mechanism of muscle loss after sciatic nerve damage. Hence, the present review summarizes the existing literature on denervation-induced muscle atrophy to evaluate the regulation and expression of differential regulators during sciatic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Yadav
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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8
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Squires E, Walshe IH, Cheung W, Bowerbank SL, Dean JR, Wood J, McHugh MP, Plattner S, Howatson G. Plasma-Induced Changes in the Metabolome Following Vistula Tart Cherry Consumption. Nutrients 2024; 16:1023. [PMID: 38613057 PMCID: PMC11013268 DOI: 10.3390/nu16071023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that tart cherry (TC) supplementation has beneficial effects on health indices and recovery following strenuous exercise. However, little is known about the mechanisms and how TC might modulate the human metabolome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an acute high- and low-dose of Vistula TC supplementation on the metabolomic profile in humans. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design, 12 healthy participants (nine male and three female; mean ± SD age, stature, and mass were 29 ± 7 years old, 1.75 ± 0.1 m, and 77.3 ± 10.5 kg, respectively) visited the laboratory on three separate occasions (high dose; HI, low dose; LO, or placebo), separated by at least seven days. After an overnight fast, a baseline venous blood sample was taken, followed by consumption of a standardised breakfast and dose conditions (HI, LO, or placebo). Subsequent blood draws were taken 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 h post consumption. Following sample preparation, an untargeted metabolomics approach was adopted, and the extracts analysed by LCMS/MS. When all time points were collated, a principal component analysis showed a significant difference between the conditions (p < 0.05), such that the placebo trial had homogeneity, and HI showed greater heterogeneity. In a sub-group analysis, cyanidine-3-O-glucoside (C3G), cyanidine-3-O-rutinoside (C3R), and vanillic acid (VA) were detected in plasma and showed significant differences (p < 0.05) following acute consumption of Vistula TC, compared to the placebo group. These results provide evidence that phenolics are bioavailable in plasma and induce shifts in the metabolome following acute Vistula TC consumption. These data could be used to inform future intervention studies where changes in physiological outcomes could be influenced by metabolomic shifts following acute supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Squires
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Ian H. Walshe
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - William Cheung
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Samantha L. Bowerbank
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - John R. Dean
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Jacob Wood
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
| | - Malachy P. McHugh
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
- Nicholas Institute of Sports Medicine and Athletic Trauma, Northwell Health, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | | | - Glyn Howatson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK; (E.S.); (I.H.W.); (W.C.); (S.L.B.); (J.R.D.); (J.W.); (M.P.M.)
- Water Research Group, North West University, Potchefstroom 2531, South Africa
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Tsentsevitsky AN, Khuzakhmetova VF, Bukharaeva EA, Petrov AM. The Mechanism of α2 adrenoreceptor-dependent Modulation of Neurotransmitter Release at the Neuromuscular Junctions. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:453-465. [PMID: 37897557 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
α2-Adrenoreceptors (ARs) are main Gi-protein coupled autoreceptors in sympathetic nerve terminals and targets for dexmedetomidine (DEX), a widely used sedative. We hypothesize that α2-ARs are also potent regulators of neuromuscular transmission via G protein-gated inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channels. Using extracellular microelectrode recording of postsynaptic potentials, we found DEX-induced inhibition of spontaneous and evoked neurotransmitter release as well as desynchronization of evoked exocytotic events in the mouse diaphragm neuromuscular junction. These effects were suppressed by SKF-86,466, a selective α2-AR antagonist. An activator of GIRK channels ML297 had the same effects on neurotransmitter release as DEX. By contrast, inhibition of GIRK channels with tertiapin-Q prevented the action of DEX on evoked neurotransmitter release, but not on spontaneous exocytosis. The synaptic vesicle exocytosis is strongly dependent on Ca2+ influx through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs), which can be negatively regulated via α2-AR - GIRK channel axis. Indeed, inhibition of P/Q-, L-, N- or R-type VGCCs prevented the inhibitory action of DEX on evoked neurotransmitter release; antagonists of P/Q- and N-type channels also suppressed the DEX-mediated desynchronization of evoked exocytotic events. Furthermore, inhibition of P/Q-, L- or N-type VGCCs precluded the frequency decrease of spontaneous exocytosis upon DEX application. Thus, α2-ARs acting via GIRK channels and VGCCs (mainly, P/Q- and N-types) exert inhibitory effect on the neuromuscular communication by attenuating and desynchronizing evoked exocytosis. In addition, α2-ARs can suppress spontaneous exocytosis through GIRK channel-independent, but VGCC-dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei N Tsentsevitsky
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, 420111, RT, Russia
| | - Venera F Khuzakhmetova
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, 420111, RT, Russia
| | - Ellya A Bukharaeva
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, 420111, RT, Russia
| | - Alexey M Petrov
- Laboratory of Biophysics of Synaptic Processes, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St, Kazan, 420111, RT, Russia.
- Kazan State Medical University, 49 Butlerova St, Kazan, 420012, RT, Russia.
- Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Street, Kazan, 420008, Russia.
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10
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Kaefer SL, Zhang L, Morrison RA, Brookes S, Awonusi O, Shay E, Hoilett OS, Anderson JL, Goergen CJ, Voytik-Harbin S, Halum S. Early Changes in Porcine Larynges Following Injection of Motor-Endplate Expressing Muscle Cells for the Treatment of Unilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis. Laryngoscope 2024; 134:272-282. [PMID: 37436167 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES No curative injectable therapy exists for unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Herein, we explore the early implications of muscle-derived motor-endplate expressing cells (MEEs) for injectable vocal fold medialization after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury. METHODS Yucatan minipigs underwent right RLN transection (without repair) and muscle biopsies. Autologous muscle progenitor cells were isolated, cultured, differentiated, and induced to form MEEs. Three weeks after the injury, MEEs or saline were injected into the paralyzed right vocal fold. Outcomes including evoked laryngeal electromyography (LEMG), laryngeal adductor pressure, and acoustic vocalization data were analyzed up to 7 weeks post-injury. Harvested porcine larynges were examined for volume, gene expression, and histology. RESULTS MEE injections were tolerated well, with all pigs demonstrating continued weight gain. Blinded analysis of videolaryngoscopy post-injection revealed infraglottic fullness, and no inflammatory changes. Four weeks after injection, LEMG revealed on average higher right distal RLN activity retention in MEE pigs. MEE-injected pigs on average had vocalization durations, frequencies, and intensities higher than saline pigs. Post-mortem, the MEE-injected larynges revealed statistically greater volume on quantitative 3D ultrasound, and statistically increased expression of neurotrophic factors (BDNF, NGF, NTF3, NTF4, NTN1) on quantitative PCR. CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive MEE injection appears to establish an early molecular and microenvironmental framework to encourage innate RLN regeneration. Longer follow-up is needed to determine if early findings will translate into functional contraction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 134:272-282, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Kaefer
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Lujuan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Rachel A Morrison
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sarah Brookes
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Oluwaseyi Awonusi
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Elizabeth Shay
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Orlando S Hoilett
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Sherry Voytik-Harbin
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
| | - Stacey Halum
- School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.A
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S.A
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11
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Sun W, Ye B, Chen S, Zeng L, Lu H, Wan Y, Gao Q, Chen K, Qu Y, Wu B, Lv X, Guo X. Neuro-bone tissue engineering: emerging mechanisms, potential strategies, and current challenges. Bone Res 2023; 11:65. [PMID: 38123549 PMCID: PMC10733346 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-023-00302-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The skeleton is a highly innervated organ in which nerve fibers interact with various skeletal cells. Peripheral nerve endings release neurogenic factors and sense skeletal signals, which mediate bone metabolism and skeletal pain. In recent years, bone tissue engineering has increasingly focused on the effects of the nervous system on bone regeneration. Simultaneous regeneration of bone and nerves through the use of materials or by the enhancement of endogenous neurogenic repair signals has been proven to promote functional bone regeneration. Additionally, emerging information on the mechanisms of skeletal interoception and the central nervous system regulation of bone homeostasis provide an opportunity for advancing biomaterials. However, comprehensive reviews of this topic are lacking. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the relationship between nerves and bone regeneration, focusing on tissue engineering applications. We discuss novel regulatory mechanisms and explore innovative approaches based on nerve-bone interactions for bone regeneration. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of this field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bing Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Siyue Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lian Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hongwei Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yizhou Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kaifang Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yanzhen Qu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xiaodong Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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12
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Qi P, He Q, Zhang J, Lian Y, Xie T, Dong J, Zhangsun D, Wu Y, Luo S. Enhancing Stability and Albumin Binding Efficiency of α-Conotoxin GI through Fatty Acid Modification. Biochemistry 2023; 62:3373-3382. [PMID: 37967580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Conotoxin GI is a competitive blocker of muscle-type acetylcholine receptors and holds the potential for being developed as a molecular probe or a lead compound for drug discovery. In this study, four fatty acid-modified α-conotoxin GI analogues of different lengths were synthesized by using a fatty acid modification strategy. Then, we performed a series of in vitro stability assays, albumin binding assays, and pharmacological activity assays to evaluate these modified mutants. The experimental results showed that the presence of fatty acids significantly enhanced the in vitro stability and albumin binding ability of α-conotoxin GI and that this effect was proportional to the length of the fatty acids used. Pharmacological activity tests showed that the modified mutants maintained a good acetylcholine receptor antagonistic activity. The present study shows that fatty acid modification can be an effective strategy to significantly improve conotoxin stability and albumin binding efficiency while maintaining the original targeting ion channel activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Qi
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Quankuo He
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lian
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Ting Xie
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Jianying Dong
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Dongting Zhangsun
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yong Wu
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Sulan Luo
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, Nanning 530004, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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13
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Burrell JC, Vu PT, Alcott OJB, Toro CA, Cardozo C, Cullen DK. Orally administered boldine reduces muscle atrophy and promotes neuromuscular recovery in a rodent model of delayed nerve repair. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1240916. [PMID: 37829672 PMCID: PMC10565860 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1240916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury often results in poor functional recovery due to a prolonged period of muscle denervation. In particular, absent axonal contact, denervated muscle can undergo irrevocable atrophy and diminished receptiveness for reinnervation over time, ultimately reducing the likelihood for meaningful neuromuscular recovery. While innovative surgical approaches can minimize the harmful effects of denervation by re-routing neighboring-otherwise uninjured-axons, there are no clinically-available approaches to preserve the reinnervation capacity of denervated muscles. Blocking intramuscular connexin hemichannel formation has been reported to improve muscle innervation in vitro and prevent atrophy in vivo. Therefore, the current study investigated the effects of orally administered boldine, a connexin hemichannel inhibitor, on denervated-related muscle changes and nerve regeneration in a rat model of delayed peripheral nerve repair. We found that daily boldine administration significantly enhanced an evoked response in the tibialis anterior muscle at 2 weeks after common peroneal nerve transection, and decreased intramuscular connexin 43 and 45 expression, intraneural Schwann cell expression of connexin 43, and muscle fiber atrophy up to 4 weeks post transection. Additional animals underwent a cross nerve repair procedure (tibial to common peroneal neurorrhaphy) at 4 weeks following the initial transection injury. Here, we found elevated nerve electrophysiological activity and greater muscle fiber maturation at 6 weeks post repair in boldine treated animals. These findings suggest that boldine may be a promising pharmacological approach to minimize the deleterious effects of prolonged denervation and, with further optimization, may improve levels of functional recovery following nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin C. Burrell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Phuong T. Vu
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Owen J. B. Alcott
- Department of Biochemistry, Widener University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carlos A. Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - D. Kacy Cullen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center for Brain Injury and Repair, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Neurotrauma, Neurodegeneration and Restoration, CMC VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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14
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Ruiz LP, Macpherson PC, Brooks SV. Maintenance of subsynaptic myonuclei number is not driven by neural input. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1266950. [PMID: 37822678 PMCID: PMC10562629 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1266950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and maintenance of neuromuscular junctions (NMJ) are supported by a specialized population of myonuclei that are referred to as the subsynaptic myonuclei (SSM). The relationship between the number of SSM and the integrity of the NMJ as well as the impact of a loss of innervation on SSM remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify these associations by simultaneously analyzing SSM counts and NMJ innervation status in three distinct mouse models of acute and chronic NMJ disruption. SSM were identified using fluorescent immunohistochemistry for Nesprin1 expression, which is highly enriched in SSM, along with anatomical location beneath the muscle fiber motor endplate. Acute denervation, induced by surgical nerve transection, did not affect SSM number after 7 days. Additionally, no significant changes in SSM number were observed during normal aging or in mice with chronic oxidative stress (Sod1 -/-). Both aging WT mice and Sod1 -/- mice accumulated degenerating and denervated NMJ in skeletal muscle, but there was no correlation between innervation status of a given NMJ and SSM number in aged or Sod1 -/- mice. These findings challenge the notion that a loss of SSM is a primary driver of NMJ degradation and leave open questions of the mechanisms that regulate SSM number as well as the physiological significance of the precise SSM number. Further investigations are required to define other properties of the SSM, such as transcriptional profiles and structural integrity, to better understand their role in NMJ maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lloyd P. Ruiz
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Peter C. Macpherson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Susan V. Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
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15
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Xu B, Fang J, Wang J, Jin X, Liu S, Song K, Wang P, Liu J, Liu S. Inhibition of autophagy and RIP1/RIP3/MLKL-mediated necroptosis by edaravone attenuates blood spinal cord barrier disruption following spinal cord injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115165. [PMID: 37459660 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The disruption of the blood spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after spinal cord injury (SCI) can trigger secondary tissue damage. Edaravone is likely to protect the BSCB as a free radical scavenger, whereas it has been rarely reported thus far. In this study, the protective effect of edaravone was investigated with the use of compression spinal cord injured rats and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) injury. As indicated by the result of this study, edaravone treatment facilitated functional recovery after rats were subjected to SCI, ameliorated the vascular damage, and up-regulated the expression of BSCB-associated proteins. In vitro results, edaravone improved HBMECs viability, restored intercellular junctions, and promoted cellular angiogenic activities. It is noteworthy that autophagy was activated and RIP1/RIP3/MLKL phosphorylation was notably up-regulated. However, edaravone treatment exhibited the capability of mitigating above-mentioned tendency in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, rapamycin (Rapa) treatment deteriorated the protective effect of edaravone while aggravating the phosphorylation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL expression. In the model of necrotic activator-induced HBMECs, autophagic expression was increased, whereas edaravone prevented autophagy and phosphorylation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL. In general, our results suggested that edaravone is capable of reducing the destruction of BSCB and promoting functional recovery after SCI. The possible underlying mechanism is that edaravone is capable of protecting angiogenic activity and improving autophagy and the phosphorylation of RIP1/RIP3/MLKL, as well as their mutual deterioration. Accordingly, edaravone can be a favorable option for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianguang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuehan Jin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengfu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaihang Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Operating Room, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junjian Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Shuhao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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16
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Li H, Guo A, Salgado M, Sáez JC, Lau CG. The connexin hemichannel inhibitor D4 produces rapid antidepressant-like effects in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:191. [PMID: 37599352 PMCID: PMC10440914 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02873-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a common mood disorder characterized by a range of clinical symptoms, including prolonged low mood and diminished interest. Although many clinical and animal studies have provided significant insights into the pathophysiology of depression, current treatment strategies are not sufficient to manage this disorder. It has been suggested that connexin (Cx)-based hemichannels are candidates for depression intervention by modifying the state of neuroinflammation. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant-like effect of a recently discovered selective Cx hemichannel inhibitor, a small organic molecule called D4. We first showed that D4 reduced hemichannel activity following systemic inflammation after LPS injections. Next, we found that D4 treatment prevented LPS-induced inflammatory response and depressive-like behaviors. These behavioral effects were accompanied by reduced astrocytic activation and hemichannel activity in depressive-like mice induced by repeated low-dose LPS challenges. D4 treatment also reverses depressive-like symptoms in mice subjected to chronic restraint stress (CRS). To test whether D4 broadly affected neural activity, we measured c-Fos expression in depression-related brain regions and found a reduction in c-Fos+ cells in different brain regions. D4 significantly normalized CRS-induced hypoactivation in several brain regions, including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and lateral septum. Together, these results indicate that blocking Cx hemichannels using D4 can normalize neuronal activity and reduce depressive-like symptoms in mice by reducing neuroinflammation. Our work provides evidence of the antidepressant-like effect of D4 and supports glial Cx hemichannels as potential therapeutic targets for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anni Guo
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Magdiel Salgado
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2381850, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, 2381850, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Chunyue Geoffrey Lau
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute, City University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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17
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Graham ZA, Siedlik JA, Toro CA, Harlow L, Cardozo CP. Boldine Alters Serum Lipidomic Signatures after Acute Spinal Cord Transection in Male Mice. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6591. [PMID: 37623175 PMCID: PMC10454893 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) results in wide-ranging cellular and systemic dysfunction in the acute and chronic time frames after the injury. Chronic SCI has well-described secondary medical consequences while acute SCI has unique metabolic challenges as a result of physical trauma, in-patient recovery and other post-operative outcomes. Here, we used high resolution mass spectrometry approaches to describe the circulating lipidomic and metabolomic signatures using blood serum from mice 7 d after a complete SCI. Additionally, we probed whether the aporphine alkaloid, boldine, was able to prevent SCI-induced changes observed using these 'omics platforms'. We found that SCI resulted in large-scale changes to the circulating lipidome but minimal changes in the metabolome, with boldine able to reverse or attenuate SCI-induced changes in the abundance of 50 lipids. Multiomic integration using xMWAS demonstrated unique network structures and community memberships across the groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Graham
- Research Service, Birmingham VA Health Care System, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
- Healthspan, Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jacob A. Siedlik
- Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA;
- School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA
| | - Carlos A. Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (C.A.T.); (L.H.); (C.P.C.)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lauren Harlow
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (C.A.T.); (L.H.); (C.P.C.)
| | - Christopher P. Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA; (C.A.T.); (L.H.); (C.P.C.)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Medical Service, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA
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18
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Jiménez-Madrona E, Morado-Díaz CJ, Talaverón R, Tabernero A, Pastor AM, Sáez JC, Matarredona ER. Antiproliferative effect of boldine on neural progenitor cells and on glioblastoma cells. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1211467. [PMID: 37655012 PMCID: PMC10467274 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1211467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The subventricular zone (SVZ) is a brain region that contains neural stem cells and progenitor cells (NSCs/NPCs) from which new neurons and glial cells are formed during adulthood in mammals. Recent data indicate that SVZ NSCs are the cell type that acquires the initial tumorigenic mutation in glioblastoma (GBM), the most aggressive form of malignant glioma. NSCs/NPCs of the SVZ present hemichannel activity whose function has not yet been fully elucidated. In this work, we aimed to analyze whether hemichannel-mediated communication affects proliferation of SVZ NPCs and GBM cells. Methods and Results For that purpose, we used boldine, an alkaloid derived from the boldo tree (Peumus boldus), that inhibits connexin and pannexin hemichannels, but without affecting gap junctional communication. Boldine treatment (50 μM) of rat SVZ NPCs grown as neurospheres effectively inhibited dye uptake through hemichannels and induced a significant reduction in neurosphere diameter and in bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. However, the differentiation pattern was not modified by the treatment. Experiments with specific blockers for hemichannels formed by connexin subunits (D4) or pannexin 1 (probenecid) revealed that probenecid, but not D4, produced a decrease in BrdU incorporation similar to that obtained with boldine. These results suggest that inhibition of pannexin 1 hemichannels could be partially responsible for the antiproliferative effect of boldine on SVZ NPCs. Analysis of the effect of boldine (25-600 μM) on different types of primary human GBM cells (GBM59, GBM96, and U87-MG) showed a concentration-dependent decrease in GBM cell growth. Boldine treatment also induced a significant inhibition of hemichannel activity in GBM cells. Discussion Altogether, we provide evidence of an antimitotic action of boldine in SVZ NPCs and in GBM cells which may be due, at least in part, to its hemichannel blocking function. These results could be of relevance for future possible strategies in GBM aimed to suppress the proliferation of mutated NSCs or glioma stem cells that might remain in the brain after tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Jiménez-Madrona
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Camilo J. Morado-Díaz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Rocío Talaverón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Arantxa Tabernero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Castilla y León (INCYL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angel M. Pastor
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Daeschler SC, Feinberg K, Harhaus L, Kneser U, Gordon T, Borschel GH. Advancing Nerve Regeneration: Translational Perspectives of Tacrolimus (FK506). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12771. [PMID: 37628951 PMCID: PMC10454725 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injuries have far-reaching implications for individuals and society, leading to functional impairments, prolonged rehabilitation, and substantial socioeconomic burdens. Tacrolimus, a potent immunosuppressive drug known for its neuroregenerative properties, has emerged in experimental studies as a promising candidate to accelerate nerve fiber regeneration. This review investigates the therapeutic potential of tacrolimus by exploring the postulated mechanisms of action in relation to biological barriers to nerve injury recovery. By mapping both the preclinical and clinical evidence, the benefits and drawbacks of systemic tacrolimus administration and novel delivery systems for localized tacrolimus delivery after nerve injury are elucidated. Through synthesizing the current evidence, identifying practical barriers for clinical translation, and discussing potential strategies to overcome the translational gap, this review provides insights into the translational perspectives of tacrolimus as an adjunct therapy for nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon C. Daeschler
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Konstantin Feinberg
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Leila Harhaus
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kneser
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Center, Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Heidelberg, BG Trauma Hospital, D-67071 Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Tessa Gordon
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Gregory H. Borschel
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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20
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Goto T, Ueha R, Sato T, Yamasoba T. Effects of early local administration of high-dose bFGF on a recurrent laryngeal nerve injury model. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 52:47. [PMID: 37488610 PMCID: PMC10367270 DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00647-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on regenerative medicine using basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has recently advanced in the field of laryngology. We previously reported that local administration of bFGF 1 month after recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) paralysis compensated for atrophy of the thyroarytenoid muscle. The objective of this study was to elucidate the effects of early bFGF administration on the thyroarytenoid muscle after RLN transection and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS A rat model of RLN paralysis was established in this study. One day after RLN transection, low- (200 ng) or high-dose (2000 ng) bFGF or saline (control) was administered to the thyroarytenoid muscle. The larynges were excised for histological and immunohistochemical examinations at 1, 7, 14, 28, and 56 days after administration. RESULTS The cross-sectional thyroarytenoid muscle area was significantly larger in the high-dose group than in the saline and low-dose groups on days 28 and 56. Immunohistochemistry indicated that bFGF significantly increased the number of satellite cells in the thyroarytenoid muscle up to day 14 and that of neuromuscular junctions on days 28 and 56. CONCLUSIONS A single, early local administration of high-dose bFGF prevented atrophic changes in the thyroarytenoid muscles by activating satellite cell proliferation and reforming neuromuscular junctions. As increased neuromuscular junctions are expected to maintain myofiber volume, bFGF administration may prevent thyroarytenoid muscle atrophy in the mid to long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Goto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Rumi Ueha
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- The University of Tokyo Hospital Swallowing Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taku Sato
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
- Tokyo Teishin Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Potter LA, Toro CA, Harlow L, Lavin KM, Cardozo CP, Wende AR, Graham ZA. Assessing the impact of boldine on the gastrocnemius using multiomics profiling at 7 and 28 days post-complete spinal cord injury in young male mice. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:297-313. [PMID: 37125768 PMCID: PMC10292965 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00129.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in rapid muscle loss. Exogenous molecular interventions to slow muscle atrophy after SCI have been relatively ineffective and require the search for novel therapeutic targets. Connexin hemichannels (CxHCs) allow nonselective passage of small molecules into and out of the cell. Boldine, a CxHC-inhibiting aporphine found in the boldo tree (Peumus boldus), has shown promising preclinical results in slowing atrophy during sepsis and restoring muscle function in dysferlinopathy. We administered 50 mg/kg/day of boldine to spinal cord transected mice beginning 3 days post-injury. Tissue was collected 7 and 28 days post-SCI and the gastrocnemius was used for multiomics profiling. Boldine did not prevent body or muscle mass loss but attenuated SCI-induced changes in the abundance of the amino acids proline, phenylalanine, leucine and isoleucine, as well as glucose, 7 days post-SCI. SCI resulted in the differential expression of ∼7,700 and ∼2,000 genes at 7 and 28 days, respectively, compared with Sham controls. Pathway enrichment of these genes highlighted ribosome biogenesis at 7 days and translation and oxidative phosphorylation at both timepoints. Boldine altered the expression of ∼150 genes at 7 days and ∼110 genes at 28 days post-SCI. Pathway enrichment of these genes indicated a potential role for boldine in suppressing protein ubiquitination and degradation at the 7-day timepoint. Methylation analyses showed minimal differences between groups. Taken together, boldine is not an efficacious therapy to preserve body and muscle mass after complete SCI, though it attenuated some SCI-induced changes across the metabolome and transcriptome.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to describe the multiome of skeletal muscle paralyzed by a spinal cord injury (SCI) in mice across the acute and subacute timeframe after injury. We show large-scale changes in the metabolome and transcriptome at 7 days post-injury compared with 28 days. Furthermore, we show that the alkaloid boldine was able to prevent SCI-induced changes in muscle glucose and free amino acid levels at 7 days, but not 28 days, after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Potter
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Carlos A Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, New York, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
| | - Lauren Harlow
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Kaleen M Lavin
- Healthspan, Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida, United States
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, Bronx, New York, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States
- Medical Service, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York, United States
| | - Adam R Wende
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Zachary A Graham
- Healthspan, Resilience & Performance, Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, Florida, United States
- Research Service, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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22
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Toro CA, Johnson K, Hansen J, Siddiq MM, Vásquez W, Zhao W, Graham ZA, Sáez JC, Iyengar R, Cardozo CP. Boldine modulates glial transcription and functional recovery in a murine model of contusion spinal cord injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1163436. [PMID: 37416508 PMCID: PMC10321410 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1163436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane channels such as those formed by connexins (Cx) and P2X7 receptors (P2X7R) are permeable to calcium ions and other small molecules such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and glutamate. Release of ATP and glutamate through these channels is a key mechanism driving tissue response to traumas such as spinal cord injury (SCI). Boldine, an alkaloid isolated from the Chilean boldo tree, blocks both Cx and Panx1 hemichannels (HCs). To test if boldine could improve function after SCI, boldine or vehicle was administered to treat mice with a moderate severity contusion-induced SCI. Boldine led to greater spared white matter and increased locomotor function as determined by the Basso Mouse Scale and horizontal ladder rung walk tests. Boldine treatment reduced immunostaining for markers of activated microglia (Iba1) and astrocytic (GFAP) markers while increasing that for axon growth and neuroplasticity (GAP-43). Cell culture studies demonstrated that boldine blocked glial HC, specifically Cx26 and Cx30, in cultured astrocytes and blocked calcium entry through activated P2X7R. RT-qPCR studies showed that boldine treatment reduced expression of the chemokine Ccl2, cytokine IL-6 and microglial gene CD68, while increasing expression of the neurotransmission genes Snap25 and Grin2b, and Gap-43. Bulk RNA sequencing revealed that boldine modulated a large number of genes involved in neurotransmission in spinal cord tissue just caudal from the lesion epicenter at 14 days after SCI. Numbers of genes regulated by boldine was much lower at 28 days after injury. These results indicate that boldine treatment ameliorates injury and spares tissue to increase locomotor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A. Toro
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kaitlin Johnson
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jens Hansen
- Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mustafa M. Siddiq
- Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Walter Vásquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario De Neurociencia De Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Wei Zhao
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Zachary A. Graham
- Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Research Service, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario De Neurociencia De Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christopher P. Cardozo
- Spinal Cord Damage Research Center, James J. Peters VA Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Rehabilitative Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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23
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Cea LA, Vásquez W, Hernández-Salinas R, Vielma AZ, Castillo-Ruiz M, Velarde V, Salgado M, Sáez JC. Skeletal Muscle Atrophy Induced by Diabetes Is Mediated by Non-Selective Channels and Prevented by Boldine. Biomolecules 2023; 13:708. [PMID: 37189454 PMCID: PMC10136059 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes mellitus present a skeletal muscle myopathy characterized by atrophy. However, the mechanism underlying this muscular alteration remains elusive, which makes it difficult to design a rational treatment that could avoid the negative consequences in muscles due to diabetes. In the present work, the atrophy of skeletal myofibers from streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was prevented with boldine, suggesting that non-selective channels inhibited by this alkaloid are involved in this process, as has previously shown for other muscular pathologies. Accordingly, we found a relevant increase in sarcolemma permeability of skeletal myofibers of diabetic animals in vivo and in vitro due to de novo expression of functional connexin hemichannels (Cx HCs) containing connexins (Cxs) 39, 43, and 45. These cells also expressed P2X7 receptors, and their inhibition in vitro drastically reduced sarcolemma permeability, suggesting their participation in the activation of Cx HCs. Notably, sarcolemma permeability of skeletal myofibers was prevented by boldine treatment that blocks Cx43 and Cx45 HCs, and now we demonstrated that it also blocks P2X7 receptors. In addition, the skeletal muscle alterations described above were not observed in diabetic mice with myofibers deficient in Cx43/Cx45 expression. Moreover, murine myofibers cultured for 24 h in high glucose presented a drastic increase in sarcolemma permeability and levels of NLRP3, a molecular member of the inflammasome, a response that was also prevented by boldine, suggesting that, in addition to the systemic inflammatory response found in diabetes, high glucose can promote the expression of functional Cx HCs and activation of the inflammasome in skeletal myofibers. Therefore, Cx43 and Cx45 HCs play a critical role in myofiber degeneration, and boldine could be considered a potential therapeutic agent to treat muscular complications due to diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Cea
- Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. Llano Subercaseaux 2801, San Miguel, Santiago 8910060, Chile
| | - Walter Vásquez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Romina Hernández-Salinas
- Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610000, Chile
| | - Alejandra Z. Vielma
- Escuela de Odontología, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7610000, Chile
| | - Mario Castillo-Ruiz
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370149, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile
| | - Victoria Velarde
- Instituto de Fisiología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Magdiel Salgado
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Pasaje Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Pasaje Harrington 287, Playa Ancha, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile
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24
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Yang S, He Q, Shi L, Wu Y. Impact of Antarctic krill oil supplementation on skeletal muscle injury recovery after resistance exercise. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:1345-1356. [PMID: 36566465 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03077-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antarctic krill oil (KO) is a natural source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), and is rich in phospholipids, Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), astaxanthin, flavonoids, vitamins, trace elements, and other bioactive substances. KO has been confirmed to have anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. n-3 PUFAs also have been purported to improve the recovery of muscular performance. Moreover, the phospholipids present in KO can enhance n-3 PUFA bioavailability because of its higher absorption rate in plasma compared to fish oil. Astaxanthin, found in Antarctic KO, is a red carotenoid and powerful antioxidant that inhibits oxidative stress after intense exercise. Hence, we examined the effect of KO supplementation on the recovery of exercise by measuring muscular performance, oxidant/antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and the markers of muscle damage following a rigorous bout of resistance exercise. METHODS 30 college-aged resistance-trained males (20.4 ± 0.92 years, 74.09 ± 7.23 kg, 180.13 ± 4.72 cm) were randomly supplemented with 3 g/d KO or placebo (PL) for 3 days and continued to consume after resistance exercise for 3 days until the experiment finished. Before supplementation, pre-exercise performance assessments of knee isokinetic strength, 20 m sprint, hexagon test, and blood serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were completed. Then after 3 days of supplementation, participants completed a bout of muscle-damaging exercise, and subsequently, they performed and repeated the exercise performance assessments and blood-related indicators tests immediately (0 h), as well as at 6, 24, 48, and 72 h post-muscle-damaging exercise. RESULTS Compared to the PL group, the serum CK of KO group was significantly lower at 24 h and 48 h post-exercise; the hexagon test time of the KO group was significantly lower than that of the PL group at 6 h and 24 h post-exercise; the KO group's isokinetic muscle strength showed different degrees of recovery than that of the PL group at 24 h and 48 h, and even over-recovery at 72 h post-exercise; the SOD level of the KO group was significantly higher than that of the PL group at 0, 6, and 24 h after exercise; the T-AOC level of the KO group was significantly higher than that of the PL group at 0, 6, and 72 h after exercise; the MDA level of the KO group was significantly lower than that of the PL group at 6 h; and there was no significant difference in serum IL-2, IL-6, and TNF-α between the two groups. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that 3 g/d KO supplementation and continued supplementation after exercise can alleviate exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) and promote post-exercise recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Yang
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing He
- Aland Health Holding Ltd, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lijun Shi
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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25
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Upregulation of Sarcolemmal Hemichannels and Inflammatory Transcripts with Neuromuscular Junction Instability during Lower Limb Unloading in Humans. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030431. [PMID: 36979123 PMCID: PMC10044797 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Human skeletal muscle atrophy and a disproportionate force loss occur within a few days of unloading in space and on Earth, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Disruption of neuromuscular junction homeostasis has been proposed as one of the possible causes. Here, we investigated the potential mechanisms involved in this neuromuscular disruption induced by a 10-day unilateral lower limb suspension (ULLS) in humans. Specifically, we investigated hemichannels’ upregulation, neuromuscular junction and axonal damage, neurotrophins’ receptor downregulation and inflammatory transcriptional signatures. Biomarkers were evaluated at local and systemic levels. At the sarcolemmal level, changes were found to be associated with an increased expression of connexin 43 and pannexin-1. Upregulation of the inflammatory transcripts revealed by deep transcriptomics was found after 10 days of ULLS. The destabilisation of the neuromuscular junction was not accompanied by changes in the secretion of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotrophin-4, while their receptor, BDNF/NT growth factors receptor (TrkB), decreased. Furthermore, at 5 days of ULLS, there was already a significant upregulation of the serum neurofilament light chain concentration, an established clinical biomarker of axonal injury. At 10 days of ULLS, other biomarkers of early denervation processes appeared. Hence, short periods of muscle unloading induce sarcolemmal hemichannels upregulation, inflammatory transcripts upregulation, neuromuscular junction instability and axonal damage.
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Wei Y, Qi T, Cao S, Zhang W, Yu F, Zeng H, Weng J. LncRNA XLOC_015548 affects the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts via the MAPK signaling pathway. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2023; 248:469-480. [PMID: 36852460 PMCID: PMC10281533 DOI: 10.1177/15353702231151963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of studies have reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential regulatory roles in myogenic differentiation. In this study, a specific LncRNA XLOC_015548 (Lnc000280) was identified. However, little research has explored its mechanism of action by constructing XLOC_015548 gene editing cell models. In this study, relevant sequences were obtained according to the RNA-seq results. Subsequently, XLOC_015548 knockdown and over-expression lentiviral vectors were constructed, and the C2C12 myoblast cell line was transfected to prepare the XLOC_015548 gene-edited myoblast model. The in vitro analysis revealed that over-expression of XLOC_015548 significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts and the formation of myotubes, whereas the opposite result was obtained in the knockdown group. XLOC_015548 regulated myogenic differentiation and affected the expression of myogenic differentiation regulators such as Myod, myogenin, and MyHC. Regarding the signaling pathway, we found that XLOC_015548 correlated with the phosphorylation level of MAPK/MEK/ERK pathway proteins. And the degree of phosphorylation was positively correlated with the protein expression of myogenic differentiation regulators. In conclusion, a new gene-edited myoblast model was constructed based on the lncRNA regulator XLOC_015548. The in vitro cell experiments verified that XLOC_015548 had regulatory effects on muscle growth and myoblast differentiation. These findings provide a laboratory foundation for the clinical application of lncRNAs as regulatory factors in the treatment of disuse muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihao Wei
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Tiantian Qi
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Siyang Cao
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Weifei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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27
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Toro CA, Johnson K, Hansen J, Siddiq MM, Vásquez W, Zhao W, Graham ZA, Sáez JC, Iyengar R, Cardozo CP. Boldine modulates glial transcription and functional recovery in a murine model of contusion spinal cord injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.15.528337. [PMID: 36824813 PMCID: PMC9949031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.15.528337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Membrane channels such as connexins (Cx), pannexins (Panx) and P2X 7 receptors (P2X 7 R) are permeable to calcium ions and other small molecules such as ATP and glutamate. Release of ATP and glutamate through these channels is a key mechanism driving tissue response to traumas such as spinal cord injury (SCI). Boldine, an alkaloid isolated from the Chilean boldo tree, blocks both Cx hemichannels (HC) and Panx. To test if boldine could improve function after SCI, boldine or vehicle was administered to treat mice with a moderate severity contusion-induced SCI. Boldine led to greater spared white matter and increased locomotor function as determined by the Basso Mouse Scale and horizontal ladder rung walk tests. Boldine treatment reduced immunostaining for markers of activated microglia (Iba1) and astrocytic (GFAP) markers while increasing that for axon growth and neuroplasticity (GAP-43). Cell culture studies demonstrated that boldine blocked glial HC, specifically Cx26 and Cx30, in cultured astrocytes and blocked calcium entry through activated P2X 7 R. RT-qPCR studies showed that boldine treatment reduced expression of the chemokine Ccl2, cytokine IL-6 and microglial gene CD68, while increasing expression of the neurotransmission genes Snap25 and Grin2b, and Gap-43. Bulk RNA sequencing (of the spinal cord revealed that boldine modulated a large number of genes involved in neurotransmission in in spinal cord tissue just below the lesion epicenter at 14 days after SCI. Numbers of genes regulated by boldine was much lower at 28 days after injury. These results indicate that boldine treatment ameliorates injury and spares tissue to increase locomotor function.
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28
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Yang Q, Wang Y, Zhao C, Pang S, Lu J, Chan P. α-Synuclein aggregation causes muscle atrophy through neuromuscular junction degeneration. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2023; 14:226-242. [PMID: 36416282 PMCID: PMC9891985 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is common in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), showing mitochondrial oxidative stress in skeletal muscle. The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) to induce oxidative stress is a key pathogenic process of PD; nevertheless, we know little about its potential role in regulating peripheral nerves and the function of the muscles they innervate. METHODS To investigate the role of α-Syn aggregation on neuromuscular system, we used the Thy1 promoter to overexpress human α-Syn transgenic mice (mThy1-hSNCA). hα-Syn expression was evaluated by western blot, and its localization was determined by confocal microscopy. The impact of α-Syn aggregation on the structure and function of skeletal muscle mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), as well as muscle mass and function were characterized by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, Seahorse XF24 metabolic assay, and AAV9 in vivo injection. We assessed the regenerative effect of mitochondrial-targeted superoxide dismutase (Mito-TEMPO) after skeletal muscle injury in mThy1-hSNCA mice. RESULTS Overexpressed hα-Syn protein localized in motor neuron axons and NMJs in muscle and formed aggregates. α-Syn aggregation increased the number of abnormal mitochondrial in the intramuscular axons and NMJs by over 60% (P < 0.01), which inhibited the release of acetylcholine (ACh) from presynaptic vesicles in NMJs (P < 0.05). The expression of genes associated with NMJ activity, neurotransmission and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolic process were significantly decreased in mThy1-hSNCA mice, resulting in ROS production elevated by ~220% (P < 0.05), thereby exacerbating oxidative stress. Such process altered mitochondrial spatial relationships to sarcomeric structures, decreased Z-line spacing by 36% (P < 0.05) and increased myofibre apoptosis by ~10% (P < 0.05). Overexpression of α-Syn altered the metabolic profile of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), including basal respiratory capacity (~170% reduction) and glycolytic capacity (~150% reduction) (P < 0.05) and decreased cell migration and fusion during muscle regeneration (~60% and ~40%, respectively) (P < 0.05). We demonstrated that Mito-TEMPO treatment could restore the oxidative stress status (the complex I/V protein and enzyme activities increased ~200% and ~150%, respectively), which caused by α-Syn aggregation, and improve the ability of muscle regeneration after injury. In addition, the NMJ receptor fragmentation and ACh secretion were also improved. CONCLUSIONS These results reveal that the α-synuclein aggregation plays an important role in regulating acetylcholine release from neuromuscular junctions and induces intramuscular mitochondrial oxidative stress, which can provide new insights into the aetiology of muscle atrophy in patients with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunsong Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shimin Pang
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Piu Chan
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics and Neurobiology, National Clinical Research Center of Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Clinical Center for Parkinson's Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson's Disease, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Vega JL, Gutiérrez C, Rojas M, Güiza J, Sáez JC. Contribution of large-pore channels to inflammation induced by microorganisms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 10:1094362. [PMID: 36699007 PMCID: PMC9868820 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1094362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma membrane ionic channels selectively permeate potassium, sodium, calcium, and chloride ions. However, large-pore channels are permeable to ions and small molecules such as ATP and glutamate, among others. Large-pore channels are structures formed by several protein families with little or no evolutionary linkages including connexins (Cxs), pannexins (Panxs), innexin (Inxs), unnexins (Unxs), calcium homeostasis modulator (CALHMs), and Leucine-rich repeat-containing 8 (LRRC8) proteins. Large-pore channels are key players in inflammatory cell response, guiding the activation of inflammasomes, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), and the release of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP), which is considered a danger signal. This review summarizes our current understanding of large-pore channels and their contribution to inflammation induced by microorganisms, virulence factors or their toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L. Vega
- Laboratory of Gap Junctions Proteins and Parasitic Diseases (GaPaL), Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile,Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Biotecnología Biomédica de Antofagasta (CIIBBA), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile,Centro de Fisiología y Medicina de Altura (FIMEDALT), Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile,*Correspondence: José L. Vega,
| | - Camila Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Gap Junctions Proteins and Parasitic Diseases (GaPaL), Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Mauro Rojas
- Laboratory of Gap Junctions Proteins and Parasitic Diseases (GaPaL), Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Juan Güiza
- Laboratory of Gap Junctions Proteins and Parasitic Diseases (GaPaL), Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias de Valparaíso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
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Aslan A, Harlow L, Liu XH, De Gasperi R, Bauman WA, Brotto M, Cardozo CP. Denervation Atrophy of Skeletal Muscle is Not Influenced by Numb Levels in Mice. Int J Med Sci 2023; 20:376-384. [PMID: 36860669 PMCID: PMC9969502 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.77603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle undergoes rapid and extensive atrophy following nerve transection though the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We previously showed transiently elevated Notch 1 signaling in denervated skeletal muscle that was abrogated by administration of nandrolone (an anabolic steroid) combined with replacement doses of testosterone. Numb is an adaptor molecule present in myogenic precursors and skeletal muscle fibers that is vital for normal tissue repair after muscle injury and for skeletal muscle contractile function. It is unclear whether the increase in Notch signaling observed in denervated muscle contributes to denervation and whether expression of Numb in myofibers slows denervation atrophy. To address these questions, the degree of denervation atrophy, Notch signaling, and Numb expression was studied over time after denervation in C57B6J mice treated with nandrolone, nandrolone plus testosterone or vehicle. Nandrolone increased Numb expression and reduced Notch signaling. Neither nandrolone alone nor nandrolone plus testosterone changed the rate of denervation atrophy. We next compared rates of denervation atrophy between mice with conditional, tamoxifen-inducible knockout of Numb in myofibers and genetically identical mice treated with vehicle. Numb cKO had no effect on denervation atrophy in this model. Taken together, the data indicate that loss of Numb in myofibers does not alter the course of denervation atrophy and that upregulation of Numb and blunting of the denervation-atrophy induced activation of Notch do not change the course of denervation atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Aslan
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Lauren Harlow
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Rita De Gasperi
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA.,Department of Psychiatry and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - William A Bauman
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
| | - Marco Brotto
- Bone-Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing & Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019
| | - Christopher P Cardozo
- National Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord Injury, James J. Peters VA.,Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.,Mount Sinai Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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31
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Sirago G, Pellegrino MA, Bottinelli R, Franchi MV, Narici MV. Loss of neuromuscular junction integrity and muscle atrophy in skeletal muscle disuse. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 83:101810. [PMID: 36471545 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity (PI) is a major risk factor of chronic diseases. A major aspect of PI is loss of muscle mass and strength. The latter phenomenon significantly impacts daily life and represent a major issue for global health. Understandably, skeletal muscle itself has been the major focus of studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms underlying loss of mass and strength. Relatively lesser attention has been given to the contribution of alterations in somatomotor control, despite the fact that these changes can start very early and can occur at multiple levels, from the cortex down to the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). It is well known that exposure to chronic inactivity or immobilization causes a disproportionate loss of force compared to muscle mass, i.e. a loss of specific or intrinsic whole muscle force. The latter phenomenon may be partially explained by the loss of specific force of individual muscle fibres, but several other players are very likely to contribute to such detrimental phenomenon. Irrespective of the length of the disuse period, the loss of force is, in fact, more than two-fold greater than that of muscle size. It is very likely that somatomotor alterations may contribute to this loss in intrinsic muscle force. Here we review evidence that alterations of one component of somatomotor control, namely the neuromuscular junction, occur in disuse. We also discuss some of the novel players in NMJ stability (e.g., homer, bassoon, pannexin) and the importance of new established and emerging molecular markers of neurodegenerative processes in humans such as agrin, neural-cell adhesion molecule and light-chain neurofilaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sirago
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy.
| | - Maria A Pellegrino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Roberto Bottinelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia 27100, Italy; IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia 27100, Italy
| | - Martino V Franchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marco V Narici
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy; CIR-MYO Myology Center, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy.
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Lysenkov SP, Muzhenya DV, Tuguz AR, Urakova TU, Shumilov DS, Thakushinov IA, Thakushinov RA, Tatarkova EA, Urakova DM. Cholinergic deficiency in the cholinergic system as a pathogenetic link in the formation of various syndromes in COVID-19. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2023; 66:1-13. [PMID: 36814151 DOI: 10.4103/cjop.cjop-d-22-00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
According to recent data, several mechanisms of viral invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) have been proposed, one of which is both direct penetration of the virus through afferent nerve fibers and damage to the endothelium of cerebral vessels. It has been proven that the SARS-CoV-2 virus affects pathologically not only the human cardiorespiratory system but is also associated with a wide range of neurological diseases, cerebrovascular accidents, and neuromuscular pathologies. However, the observed post-COVID symptom complex in patients, manifested in the form of headache, "fog in the head," high temperature, muscle weakness, lowering blood pressure, does it make us think about the pathophysiological mechanisms that contribute to the development of this clinical picture? One possible explanation is a disruption in the signaling of the acetylcholine system (AChS) in the body. Viral invasions, and in particular COVID-19, can negatively affect the work of the AChS, disrupting its coordination activities. Therefore, the main goal of this literature review is to analyze the information and substantiate the possible mechanisms for the occurrence of post-COVID syndrome in people who have had COVID-19 from the standpoint of AChS dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Petrovich Lysenkov
- FSBEI HE "Maikop State Technological University", Medical Institute, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
| | | | - Aminat Ramazanovna Tuguz
- FSBEI HE "Adyghe State University", Immunogenetic Laboratory of the Research Institute of Complex Problems, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
| | - Tamara Ur'evna Urakova
- FSBEI HE "Maikop State Technological University", Medical Institute, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Sergeevich Shumilov
- FSBEI HE "Adyghe State University", Immunogenetic Laboratory of the Research Institute of Complex Problems, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
| | | | | | - Elena Anatolevna Tatarkova
- FSBEI HE "Adyghe State University", Immunogenetic Laboratory of the Research Institute of Complex Problems, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
| | - Diana Muratovna Urakova
- FSBEI HE "Maikop State Technological University", Medical Institute, Maikop, Republic of Adygeya, Russia
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Gionet-Gonzales MA, Gresham RCH, Griffin KH, Casella A, Wohlgemuth RP, Ramos-Rodriguez DH, Lowen J, Smith LR, Leach JK. Mesenchymal stromal cell spheroids in sulfated alginate enhance muscle regeneration. Acta Biomater 2023; 155:271-281. [PMID: 36328130 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue regeneration is critically linked to the potency of the complex mixture of growth factors, cytokines, exosomes, and other biological cues that they secrete. The duration of cell-based approaches is limited by rapid loss of cells upon implantation, motivating the need to prolong cell viability and extend the therapeutic influence of the secretome. We and others demonstrated that the secretome is upregulated when MSCs are formed into spheroids. Although the efficacy of the MSC secretome has been characterized in the literature, no studies have reported the therapeutic benefit of in situ sequestration of the secretome within a wound site using engineered biomaterials. We previously demonstrated the capacity of sulfated alginate hydrogels to sequester components of the MSC secretome for prolonged presentation in vitro, yet the efficacy of this platform has not been evaluated in vivo. In this study, we used sulfated alginate hydrogels loaded with MSC spheroids to aid in the regeneration of a rat muscle crush injury. We hypothesized that the use of sulfated alginate to bind therapeutically relevant growth factors from the MSC spheroid secretome would enhance muscle regeneration by recruiting host cells into the tissue site. The combination of sulfated alginate and MSC spheroids resulted in decreased collagen deposition, improved myogenic marker expression, and increased neuromuscular junctions 2 weeks after injury. These data indicate that MSC spheroids delivered in sulfated alginate represent a promising approach for decreased fibrosis and increased functional regeneration of muscle. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for tissue regeneration is attributed to the complex diversity of the secretome. Cell-based approaches are limited by rapid cell death, motivating the need to extend the availability of the secretome. We previously demonstrated that sulfated alginate hydrogels sequester components of the MSC secretome for prolonged presentation in vitro, yet no studies have reported the in situ sequestration of the secretome. Herein, we transplanted MSC spheroids in sulfated alginate hydrogels to promote muscle regeneration. MSC spheroids in sulfated alginate decreased collagen deposition, improved myogenic marker expression, and increased neuromuscular junctions. These data indicate that MSC spheroids delivered in sulfated alginate represent a promising approach for decreasing fibrosis and increasing functional muscle regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert C H Gresham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Katherine H Griffin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Alena Casella
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Ross P Wohlgemuth
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy Lowen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Lucas R Smith
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - J Kent Leach
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, UC Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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Lopatina EV, Gavrichenko AV, Pasatetskaya NA. Involvement of Acetylcholine and Na+,K+-ATPase in the Regulation of Skeletal Muscle Growth in a Chicken Embryo. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093023010234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Kiani L. Targeting connexin hemichannels to treat temporal lobe epilepsy. Nat Rev Neurol 2023; 19:1. [PMID: 36418496 DOI: 10.1038/s41582-022-00752-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Tereshenko V, Dotzauer DC, Luft M, Ortmayr J, Maierhofer U, Schmoll M, Festin C, Carrero Rojas G, Klepetko J, Laengle G, Politikou O, Farina D, Blumer R, Bergmeister KD, Aszmann OC. Autonomic Nerve Fibers Aberrantly Reinnervate Denervated Facial Muscles and Alter Muscle Fiber Population. J Neurosci 2022; 42:8297-8307. [PMID: 36216502 PMCID: PMC9653283 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0670-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The surgical redirection of efferent neural input to a denervated muscle via a nerve transfer can reestablish neuromuscular control after nerve injuries. The role of autonomic nerve fibers during the process of muscular reinnervation remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the neurobiological mechanisms behind the spontaneous functional recovery of denervated facial muscles in male rodents. Recovered facial muscles demonstrated an abundance of cholinergic axonal endings establishing functional neuromuscular junctions. The parasympathetic source of the neuronal input was confirmed to be in the pterygopalatine ganglion. Furthermore, the autonomically reinnervated facial muscles underwent a muscle fiber change to a purely intermediate muscle fiber population myosin heavy chain type IIa. Finally, electrophysiological tests revealed that the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the facial muscles via the sensory infraorbital nerve. Our findings demonstrated expanded neuromuscular plasticity of denervated striated muscles enabling functional recovery via alien autonomic fibers. These findings may further explain the underlying mechanisms of sensory protection implemented to prevent atrophy of a denervated muscle.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Nerve injuries represent significant morbidity and disability for patients. Rewiring motor nerve fibers to other target muscles has shown to be a successful approach in the restoration of motor function. This demonstrates the remarkable capacity of the CNS to adapt to the needs of the neuromuscular system. Yet, the capability of skeletal muscles being reinnervated by nonmotor axons remains largely unknown. Here, we show that under deprivation of original efferent input, the neuromuscular system can undergo functional and morphologic remodeling via autonomic nerve fibers. This may explain neurobiological mechanisms of the sensory protection phenomenon, which is because of parasympathetic reinnervation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Tereshenko
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik C Dotzauer
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Luft
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joachim Ortmayr
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Udo Maierhofer
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Festin
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Johanna Klepetko
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Laengle
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Olga Politikou
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dario Farina
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Konstantin D Bergmeister
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Centers for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic, Aesthetic, and Reconstructive Surgery, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, University Hospital, A-3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Oskar C Aszmann
- Clinical Laboratory for Bionic Extremity Reconstruction, Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, and Aesthetic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Qi Z, Wang S, Xuan A, Gu X, Deng J, Huang C, Zhang L, Yin X. MiR-142a-3p: A novel ACh receptor transcriptional regulator in association with peripheral nerve injury. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 30:325-336. [PMID: 36381585 PMCID: PMC9633872 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term denervation leads to the disintegration of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) located at the endplate structure, which translates to deficits in functional activation despite nerve repair. Because of a lack of effective measures to protect AChR expression, we explored the effect of alterations in muscular miR-142a-3p on nAChR. In this study, we constructed a model of miR-142a-3p knockdown by transfecting a miR-142a-3p inhibitor short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into C2C12 myotubes, and we injected this miR-142a-3p inhibitor shRNA into the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle in uninjured mice and in denervated mice by transecting the sciatic nerve. Our results showed that miR-142a-3p knockdown led to an increased number and area of AChR clusters in myotubes in vitro and larger neuromuscular endplates in adult mice. Furthermore, miR-142a-3p knockdown delayed the disintegration of motor endplates after denervation. Last, upon miR-142a-3p knockdown in uninjured and denervated mice, we observed an increase in the mRNA levels of five AChR subunits as well as mRNAs of genes implicated in AChR transcription and AChR clustering. Together, these results suggest that miR-142a-3p may be a potential target for therapeutic intervention to prevent motor endplate degradation following peripheral nerve injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidan Qi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Xuan
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, School of Engineering Sciences, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinyi Gu
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Electron Microscopy Analysis Laboratory, Medical and Health Analysis Center, Peking University, Beijing, China,Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yin
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China,Pizhou People’s Hospital, Jiangsu, China,Corresponding author Xiaofeng Yin, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Yamaji R, Nakagawa O, Kishimoto Y, Fujii A, Matsumura T, Nakayama T, Kamada H, Osawa T, Yamaguchi T, Obika S. Synthesis and physical and biological properties of 1,3-diaza-2-oxophenoxazine-conjugated oligonucleotides. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 72:116972. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Burboa PC, Puebla M, Gaete PS, Durán WN, Lillo MA. Connexin and Pannexin Large-Pore Channels in Microcirculation and Neurovascular Coupling Function. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137303. [PMID: 35806312 PMCID: PMC9266979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microcirculation homeostasis depends on several channels permeable to ions and/or small molecules that facilitate the regulation of the vasomotor tone, hyperpermeability, the blood–brain barrier, and the neurovascular coupling function. Connexin (Cxs) and Pannexin (Panxs) large-pore channel proteins are implicated in several aspects of vascular physiology. The permeation of ions (i.e., Ca2+) and key metabolites (ATP, prostaglandins, D-serine, etc.) through Cxs (i.e., gap junction channels or hemichannels) and Panxs proteins plays a vital role in intercellular communication and maintaining vascular homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation or genetic pathologies associated with these channels promote deleterious tissue consequences. This review provides an overview of current knowledge concerning the physiological role of these large-pore molecule channels in microcirculation (arterioles, capillaries, venules) and in the neurovascular coupling function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pía C. Burboa
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (P.C.B.); (W.N.D.)
- Departamento de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Sede Santiago Centro, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue República 71, Santiago 8370040, Chile;
| | - Mariela Puebla
- Departamento de Morfología y Función, Facultad de Salud y Ciencias Sociales, Sede Santiago Centro, Universidad de las Américas, Avenue República 71, Santiago 8370040, Chile;
| | - Pablo S. Gaete
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Walter N. Durán
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (P.C.B.); (W.N.D.)
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Mauricio A. Lillo
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA; (P.C.B.); (W.N.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Yadav A, Yadav SS, Singh S, Dabur R. Natural products: Potential therapeutic agents to prevent skeletal muscle atrophy. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 925:174995. [PMID: 35523319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The skeletal muscle (SkM) is the largest organ, which plays a vital role in controlling musculature, locomotion, body heat regulation, physical strength, and metabolism of the body. A sedentary lifestyle, aging, cachexia, denervation, immobilization, etc. Can lead to an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, which is further responsible for SkM atrophy (SmA). To date, the understanding of the mechanism of SkM mass loss is limited which also restricted the number of drugs to treat SmA. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel approaches to regulate muscle homeostasis. Presently, some natural products attained immense attraction to regulate SkM homeostasis. The natural products, i.e., polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin), terpenoids (ursolic acid, tanshinone IIA, celastrol), flavonoids, alkaloids (tomatidine, magnoflorine), vitamin D, etc. exhibit strong potential against SmA. Some of these natural products have been reported to have equivalent potential to standard treatments to prevent body lean mass loss. Indeed, owing to the large complexity, diversity, and slow absorption rate of bioactive compounds made their usage quite challenging. Moreover, the use of natural products is controversial due to their partially known or elusive mechanism of action. Therefore, the present review summarizes various experimental and clinical evidence of some important bioactive compounds that shall help in the development of novel strategies to counteract SmA elicited by various causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Yadav
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Surender Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Rajesh Dabur
- Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India.
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Graham ZA, DeBerry JJ, Cardozo CP, Bamman MM. SS-31 does not prevent or reduce muscle atrophy 7 days after a 65 kdyne contusion spinal cord injury in young male mice. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15266. [PMID: 35611788 PMCID: PMC9131615 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to major reductions in function, independent living, and quality of life. Disuse and paralysis from SCI leads to rapid muscle atrophy, with chronic muscle loss likely playing a role in the development of the secondary metabolic disorders often seen in those with SCI. Muscle disuse is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Previous evidence has suggested targeting the mitochondria with the tetrapeptide SS-31 is beneficial for muscle health in preclinical models that lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, such as cast immobilization or burn injury. We gave young male mice a sham (n = 8) or 65 kdyne thoracic contusion SCI with (n = 9) or without (n = 9) daily administration of 5.0 mg/kg SS-31. Hindlimb muscle mass and muscle bundle respiration were measured at 7 days post-SCI and molecular targets were investigated using immunoblotting, RT-qPCR, and metabolomics. SS-31 did not preserve body mass or hindlimb muscle mass 7 days post-SCI. SS-31 had no effect on soleus or plantaris muscle bundle respiration. SCI was associated with elevated levels of protein carbonylation, led to reduced protein expression of activated DRP1 and reductions in markers of mitochondrial fusion. SS-31 administration did result in reduced total DRP1 expression, as well as greater expression of inhibited DRP1. Gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and their receptors were largely stable across groups, although SS-31 treatment led to greater mRNA expression of IL1B, TNF, and TNFRSF12A. In summation, SS-31 was not an efficacious treatment acutely after a moderate thoracic contusion SCI in young male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A. Graham
- Research ServiceBirmingham VA Medical CenterBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative BiologyUABBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Jennifer J. DeBerry
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative MedicineUABBirminghamAlabamaUSA
| | - Christopher P. Cardozo
- Center for the Medical Consequences of Spinal Cord InjuryBronxNew YorkUSA
- Medical ServiceJames J. Peters VA Medical CenterBronxNew YorkUSA
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Research ServiceBirmingham VA Medical CenterBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Integrative BiologyUABBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- UAB Center for Exercise MedicineBirminghamAlabamaUSA
- Florida Institute for Human and Machine CognitionPensacolaFloridaUSA
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42
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González-Jamett A, Vásquez W, Cifuentes-Riveros G, Martínez-Pando R, Sáez JC, Cárdenas AM. Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Connexin Hemichannels in Muscular Dystrophies. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020507. [PMID: 35203715 PMCID: PMC8962419 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies (MDs) are a heterogeneous group of congenital neuromuscular disorders whose clinical signs include myalgia, skeletal muscle weakness, hypotonia, and atrophy that leads to progressive muscle disability and loss of ambulation. MDs can also affect cardiac and respiratory muscles, impairing life-expectancy. MDs in clude Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. These and other MDs are caused by mutations in genes that encode proteins responsible for the structure and function of skeletal muscles, such as components of the dystrophin-glycoprotein-complex that connect the sarcomeric-actin with the extracellular matrix, allowing contractile force transmission and providing stability during muscle contraction. Consequently, in dystrophic conditions in which such proteins are affected, muscle integrity is disrupted, leading to local inflammatory responses, oxidative stress, Ca2+-dyshomeostasis and muscle degeneration. In this scenario, dysregulation of connexin hemichannels seem to be an early disruptor of the homeostasis that further plays a relevant role in these processes. The interaction between all these elements constitutes a positive feedback loop that contributes to the worsening of the diseases. Thus, we discuss here the interplay between inflammation, oxidative stress and connexin hemichannels in the progression of MDs and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arlek González-Jamett
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-J.); (A.M.C.)
| | - Walter Vásquez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Gabriela Cifuentes-Riveros
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Rafaela Martínez-Pando
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (G.C.-R.); (R.M.-P.)
| | - Juan C. Sáez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
| | - Ana M. Cárdenas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile; (W.V.); (J.C.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-J.); (A.M.C.)
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Ducharme JB, McKenna ZJ, Deyhle MR. Exercise mitigates the Toll of muscle atrophy: A narrative review of the effects of exercise on Toll-like receptor-4 in leukocytes and skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C581-C589. [PMID: 35171696 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00005.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Conditions characterized by muscle wasting such as cachexia and sarcopenia are devastating at the individual level, and they place a profound burden on public health. Evidence suggests that inflammation is likely a mechanistic contributor to the pathogenesis of these conditions. One specific molecule, lipopolysaccharide, has gained attention due to its role in initiating inflammation. Toll-like receptor-4 is the primary receptor for lipopolysaccharide and has been shown to be implicit in the downstream proinflammatory response associated with lipopolysaccharide. Importantly, Toll-like receptor-4 is expressed on various cell types throughout the human body such as leukocytes and skeletal muscle fibers and may have site-specific effects that contribute to muscle wasting conditions based on the location in which activation occurs. Accordingly, reducing proinflammatory signaling at these locations may be an effective strategy at mitigating muscle wasting. Regular exercise training is believed to elicit anti-inflammatory adaptations, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are yet to be fully understood. Understanding the mechanisms by which Toll-like receptor-4 activation contributes to muscle wasting and how exercise affects this, may allow for the development of a non-pharmacological therapeutic intervention. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current understanding of the lipopolysaccharide/Toll-like receptor-4 axis in leukocytes and skeletal muscle fibers on the pathogenesis of muscle wasting conditions and we critically examine the current evidence regarding the effects of exercise on this axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy B Ducharme
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Zachary J McKenna
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Michael R Deyhle
- Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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Graham ZA. Mini-review: Local and downstream responses to the neuromuscular junction: Potential roles for integrins, connexins and ephrins in altering muscle characteristics and function. Neurosci Lett 2022; 768:136359. [PMID: 34813913 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle develops in a manner directly related to its innervating motor neuron. The formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a well-described process that is coordinated to allow for efficient communication between the central nervous system and muscle for muscle contraction and movement. Some of the major mediators of NMJ formation, like muscle-specific kinase, agrin and laminin, have been thoroughly described but there are other important proteins that have an integral role in muscle health that have also been associated with proper NMJ integrity and fiber health and function. This mini-review focuses on integrins, connexin hemichannels and ephrins and their relationship with the NMJin regulating muscle health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Graham
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States; Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
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45
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Moreira-Pais A, Ferreira R, Oliveira PA, Duarte JA. A neuromuscular perspective of sarcopenia pathogenesis: deciphering the signaling pathways involved. GeroScience 2022; 44:1199-1213. [PMID: 34981273 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00510-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The escalation of life expectancy is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of age-related conditions, such as sarcopenia. Sarcopenia, a muscle condition defined by low muscle strength, muscle quality or quantity, and physical performance, has a high prevalence among the elderly and is associated to increased mortality. The neuromuscular system has been emerging as a key contributor to sarcopenia pathogenesis. Indeed, the age-related degeneration of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) function and structure may contribute to the loss of muscle strength and ultimately to the loss of muscle mass that characterize sarcopenia. The present mini-review discusses important signaling pathways involved in the function and maintenance of the NMJ, giving emphasis to the ones that might contribute to sarcopenia pathogenesis. Some conceivable biomarkers, such as C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and therapeutic targets, namely acetylcholine and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), can be retrieved, making way to future studies to validate their clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moreira-Pais
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal. .,LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. .,Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Paula A Oliveira
- Centre for Research and Technology of Agro Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Inov4Agro, University of Trás-Os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - José A Duarte
- CIAFEL, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Dr. Plácido da Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.,TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, Gandra, Portugal
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You JS, Chen J. Aging Does Not Exacerbate Muscle Loss During Denervation and Lends Unique Muscle-Specific Atrophy Resistance With Akt Activation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:779547. [PMID: 34916960 PMCID: PMC8669767 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.779547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, or age-related skeletal muscle atrophy and weakness, imposes significant clinical and economic burdens on affected patients and societies. Neurological degeneration, such as motoneuron death, has been recognized as a key contributor to sarcopenia. However, little is known about how aged/sarcopenic muscle adapts to this denervation stress. Here, we show that mice at 27months of age exhibit clear signs of sarcopenia but no accelerated denervation-induced muscle atrophy when compared to 8-month-old mice. Surprisingly, aging lends unique atrophy resistance to tibialis anteria muscle, accompanied by an increase in the cascade of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)-independent anabolic events involving Akt signaling, rRNA biogenesis, and protein synthesis during denervation. These results expand our understanding of age-dependent stress responses and may help develop better countermeasures to sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Sung You
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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Ma X, Huang Q, Yu S, Xu S, Huang Y, Zhao Z, Xiao X, Dai Q. The 3/4- and 3/6-Subfamily Variants of α-Conotoxins GI and MI Exhibit Potent Inhibitory Activity against Muscular Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120705. [PMID: 34940704 PMCID: PMC8704989 DOI: 10.3390/md19120705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Conotoxins GI and MI belong to the 3/5 subfamily of α-conotoxins and potently inhibit muscular nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). To date, no 3/4- or 3/6-subfamily α-conotoxins have been reported to inhibit muscular nAChRs. In the present study, a series of new 3/4-, 3/6-, and 3/7-subfamily GI and MI variants were synthesized and functionally characterized by modifications of loop2. The results show that the 3/4-subfamily GI variant GI[∆8G]-II and the 3/6-subfamily variants GI[+13A], GI[+13R], and GI[+13K] displayed potent inhibition of muscular nAChRs expressed in Xenopus oocytes, with an IC50 of 45.4–73.4 nM, similar to or slightly lower than that of wild-type GI (42.0 nM). The toxicity of these GI variants in mice appeared to be about a half to a quarter of that of wild-type GI. At the same time, the 3/7-subfamily GI variants showed significantly lower in vitro potency and toxicity. On the other hand, similar to the 3/6-subfamily GI variants, the 3/6-subfamily MI variants MI[+14R] and MI[+14K] were also active after the addition of a basic amino acid, Arg or Lys, in loop2, but the activity was not maintained for the 3/4-subfamily MI variant MI[∆9G]. Interestingly, the disulfide bond connectivity “C1–C4, C2–C3” in the 3/4-subfamily variant GI[∆8G]-II was significantly more potent than the “C1–C3, C2–C4” connectivity found in wild-type GI and MI, suggesting that disulfide bond connectivity is easily affected in the rigid 3/4-subfamily α-conotoxins and that the disulfide bonds significantly impact the variants’ function. This work is the first to demonstrate that 3/4- and 3/6-subfamily α-conotoxins potently inhibit muscular nAChRs, expanding our knowledge of α-conotoxins and providing new motifs for their further modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ma
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Henyang 421000, China
| | - Qiuyuan Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Shuo Yu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Shujing Xu
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yue Huang
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhiming Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xinrong Xiao
- Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of South China, Henyang 421000, China
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (Q.D.); Tel.: +86-10-6694-8897 (Q.D.)
| | - Qiuyun Dai
- Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (X.M.); (Q.H.); (S.Y.); (S.X.); (Y.H.); (Z.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.X.); (Q.D.); Tel.: +86-10-6694-8897 (Q.D.)
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48
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Schooling CN, Jamie Healey T, McDonough HE, French SJ, McDermott CJ, Shaw PJ, Kadirkamanathan V, Alix JJP. Tensor electrical impedance myography identifies clinically relevant features in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34521070 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac2672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Electrical impedance myography (EIM) shows promise as an effective biomarker in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). EIM applies multiple input frequencies to characterise muscle properties, often via multiple electrode configurations. Herein, we assess if non-negative tensor factorisation (NTF) can provide a framework for identifying clinically relevant features within a high dimensional EIM dataset.Approach.EIM data were recorded from the tongue of healthy and ALS diseased individuals. Resistivity and reactivity measurements were made for 14 frequencies, in three electrode configurations. This gives 84 (2 × 14 × 3) distinct data points per participant. NTF was applied to the dataset for dimensionality reduction, termed tensor EIM. Significance tests, symptom correlation and classification approaches were explored to compare NTF to using all raw data and feature selection.Main Results.Tensor EIM provides highly significant differentiation between healthy and ALS patients (p< 0.001, AUROC = 0.78). Similarly tensor EIM differentiates between mild and severe disease states (p< 0.001, AUROC = 0.75) and significantly correlates with symptoms (ρ= 0.7,p< 0.001). A trend of centre frequency shifting to the right was identified in diseased spectra, which is in line with the electrical changes expected following muscle atrophy.Significance.Tensor EIM provides clinically relevant metrics for identifying ALS-related muscle disease. This procedure has the advantage of using the whole spectral dataset, with reduced risk of overfitting. The process identifies spectral shapes specific to disease allowing for a deeper clinical interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chlöe N Schooling
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom.,Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - T Jamie Healey
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Harry E McDonough
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie J French
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Visakan Kadirkamanathan
- Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - James J P Alix
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom
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Wilburn D, Ismaeel A, Machek S, Fletcher E, Koutakis P. Shared and distinct mechanisms of skeletal muscle atrophy: A narrative review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 71:101463. [PMID: 34534682 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of skeletal muscle mass and function is an incredibly nuanced balance of anabolism and catabolism that can become distorted within different pathological conditions. In this paper we intend to discuss the distinct intracellular signaling events that regulate muscle protein atrophy for a given clinical occurrence. Aside from the common outcome of muscle deterioration, several conditions have at least one or more distinct mechanisms that creates unique intracellular environments that facilitate muscle loss. The subtle individuality to each of these given pathologies can provide both researchers and clinicians with specific targets of interest to further identify and increase the efficacy of medical treatments and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Wilburn
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Ahmed Ismaeel
- Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Steven Machek
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
| | - Emma Fletcher
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; Department of Biology, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
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50
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García-Rodríguez C, Bravo-Tobar ID, Duarte Y, Barrio LC, Sáez JC. Contribution of non-selective membrane channels and receptors in epilepsy. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 231:107980. [PMID: 34481811 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Overcoming refractory epilepsy's resistance to the combination of antiepileptic drugs (AED), mitigating side effects, and preventing sudden unexpected death in epilepsy are critical goals for therapy of this disorder. Current therapeutic strategies are based primarily on neurocentric mechanisms, overlooking the participation of astrocytes and microglia in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. This review is focused on a set of non-selective membrane channels (permeable to ions and small molecules), including channels and ionotropic receptors of neurons, astrocytes, and microglia, such as: the hemichannels formed by Cx43 and Panx1; the purinergic P2X7 receptors; the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV1 and TRPV4) channels; calcium homeostasis modulators (CALHMs); transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels; transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) channels; voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) and volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), which all have in common being activated by epileptic activity and the capacity to exacerbate seizure intensity. Specifically, we highlight evidence for the activation of these channels/receptors during epilepsy including neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, discuss signaling pathways and feedback mechanisms, and propose the functions of each of them in acute and chronic epilepsy. Studying the role of these non-selective membrane channels in epilepsy and identifying appropriate blockers for one or more of them could provide complementary therapies to better alleviate the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia García-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
| | - Iván D Bravo-Tobar
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis C Barrio
- Hospital Ramon y Cajal-IRYCIS, Centro de Tecnología Biomédica de la Universidad Politécnica, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Sáez
- Instituto de Neurociencia, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Universidad de Valparaíso, Chile.
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