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Chen X, Wang G, Li N, Chang R, Zhang T, Mao T, Song C, Huang K. Nitrogen dynamics of alpine swamp meadows are less responsive to climate warming than that of alpine meadows. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 928:172446. [PMID: 38621528 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The freeze-thaw cycle mediates permafrost soil hydrothermal status, nitrogen (N) mineralization, and loss. Furthermore, it affects root development and competition among nitrophilic and other species, shaping the pattern of N distribution in alpine ecosystems. However, the specific N dynamics during the growing season and N loss during the non-growing season in response to climate warming under low- and high-moisture conditions are not well documented. Therefore, we added 15N tracers to trace the fate of N in warmed and ambient alpine meadows and alpine swamp meadows in the permafrost region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. During the growing season, warming increased 15N recovery (15Nrec) in shoots of K. humilis, litters, 0-5 and 5-20 cm roots in the alpine meadow by 149.94 % ± 52.87 %, 114.58 % ± 24.43 %, 61.11 % ± 32.27 %, and 97.12 % ± 42.92 %, respectively, while increased 15Nrec of litters by 151.55 % ± 27.06 % in the alpine swamp meadow. During the non-growing season, warming reduced 15N stored in roots by 486.77 % ± 57.90 %, though increased the 15N recovery in 5-20 cm soil depth by 76.68 % ± 39.42 % in the alpine meadow, whereas it did not affect N loss during the non-growing season in the alpine swamp meadow. Overall, warming promoted N utilization by increasing the plant N pool during the growing season, and enhanced root N loss and downward migration during the non-growing season due to the freeze-thaw process, which may result in fine root turnover and cell destruction releasing N in the alpine meadow. Conversely, the N dynamics of alpine swamp meadows were less responsive to climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Chen
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
| | - Genxu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Na Li
- Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruiying Chang
- Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tianxu Mao
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chunlin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, College of Water Resource and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kewei Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Basin Water Security, Changjiang Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430010, China
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Hu M, Yu Z, Griffis TJ, Yang WH, Mohn J, Millet DB, Baker JM, Wang D. Hydrologic Connectivity Regulates Riverine N 2O Sources and Dynamics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:9701-9713. [PMID: 38780660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Indirect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from streams and rivers are a poorly constrained term in the global N2O budget. Current models of riverine N2O emissions place a strong focus on denitrification in groundwater and riverine environments as a dominant source of riverine N2O, but do not explicitly consider direct N2O input from terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we combine N2O isotope measurements and spatial stream network modeling to show that terrestrial-aquatic interactions, driven by changing hydrologic connectivity, control the sources and dynamics of riverine N2O in a mesoscale river network within the U.S. Corn Belt. We find that N2O produced from nitrification constituted a substantial fraction (i.e., >30%) of riverine N2O across the entire river network. The delivery of soil-produced N2O to streams was identified as a key mechanism for the high nitrification contribution and potentially accounted for more than 40% of the total riverine emission. This revealed large terrestrial N2O input implies an important climate-N2O feedback mechanism that may enhance riverine N2O emissions under a wetter and warmer climate. Inadequate representation of hydrologic connectivity in observations and modeling of riverine N2O emissions may result in significant underestimations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minpeng Hu
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Yu
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Timothy J Griffis
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Wendy H Yang
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Earth Science and Environmental Change, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Joachim Mohn
- Laboratory for Air Pollution & Environmental Technology, Empa, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Dylan B Millet
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - John M Baker
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Dongqi Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
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Yan W, Li J, Gu L, Ye C, Liang J, Fu J, Zheng S, Yu X. Nitrous oxide emissions and microbial communities variation in low dissolved oxygen and low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio anoxic-oxic wastewater treatment plant. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:42779-42791. [PMID: 38878241 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Dissolved oxygen (DO) levels and carbon-to-nitrogen (C/N) ratio affect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions by influencing the physiological and ecological dynamics of nitrifying and denitrifying microbial communities in activated sludge systems. For example, Nitrosomonas is a common N2O producing nitrifying bacteria in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and DO conditions can affect the N2O production capacity. Previous studies have reported N2O emission characteristics under adequate DO and C/N conditions in A/O WWTPs. However, in actual operation, owing to economic and managerial factors, some WWTPs have a long-term state of low DO levels in oxic tanks and low influent C/N. Research on N2O emission characteristics in low DO-limited and low C/N ratio WWTPs is limited. This study investigated N2O emissions and the corresponding shifts in microorganisms within an anoxic-oxic (A/O) WWTP over 9-month. Quantitative PCR was used to assess the abundance of ten functional genes related to nitrification and denitrification processes, and high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was employed to determine the composition change of microorganisms. The findings revealed that 1) the average N2O emission factor was 1.07% in the studied WWTP; 2) the DO-limited oxic tank primarily contributed to N2O; 3) NO2-, TOC, and C/N ratios were key factors for dissolved N2O in the aerobic tank; and 4) Nitrosomonas and Terrimonas exhibited a robust correlation with N2O emissions. This research provides data references for estimating N2O emission factors and developing N2O reduction policies in WWTPs with DO-limited and low C/N ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Yan
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lide Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chengsong Ye
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jieping Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jinjin Fu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shikan Zheng
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Coastal Pollution Prevention and Control, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
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Li Z, Li X, Zhang Q, Li F, Qiao Y, Liu S, Leng P, Tian C, Chen G, Cheng H. Influences of shallow groundwater depth on N 2O diffusion along the soil profile of summer maize fields in North China Plain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:171861. [PMID: 38518819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural fields are a significant contribution to global warming. Understanding the mechanisms of N2O emissions from agricultural fields is essential for the development of N2O emission mitigation strategies. Currently, there are extensive studies on N2O emissions on the surface of agricultural soils, while studies on N2O fluxes at the interface between the saturated and unsaturated zones (ISU) are limited. Uncertainties exist regarding N2O emissions from the soil-shallow groundwater systems in agricultural fields. In this study, a three-year lysimeter experiment (2019-2020, 2022) was conducted to simulate the soil-shallow groundwater systems under four controlled shallow groundwater depth (SGD) (i.e., SGD = 40, 70, 110, and 150 cm) conditions in North China Plain (NCP). Weekly continuous monitoring of N2O emissions from soil surface, N2O concentration in the shallow groundwater and the upper 10 cm of pores at the ISU, and nitrogen cycling-related parameters in the soil and groundwater was conducted. The results showed that soil surface N2O emissions increased with decreased shallow groundwater depth, and the highest emissions of 96.44 kg ha-1 and 104.32 kg ha-1 were observed at G2 (SGD = 40 cm) in 2020 and 2022. During the observation period of one maize growing season, shallow groundwater acted as a sink for the unsaturated zone when the groundwater depth was 40 cm, 70 cm, and 110 cm. However, when SGD was 150 cm, shallow groundwater became a source for the unsaturated zone. After fertilization, the groundwater in all treatment plots behaved as a sink for the unsaturated zone, and the diffusion intensity decreased with increasing SGD. The results would provide a theoretical basis for cropland water management to reduce N2O emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Li
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xurun Li
- Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Qiuying Zhang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Fadong Li
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yunfeng Qiao
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shanbao Liu
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Peifang Leng
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Shandong Yucheng Agro-ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Yucheng Comprehensive Experiment Station, IGSNRR, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Florida A&M University (FAMU)-Florida State University (FSU) Joint College of Engineering, Tallahassee, FL 32310, United States of America
| | - Hefa Cheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Han R, Zhang Q, Xu Z. Soil organic nitrogen variation shaped by diverse agroecosystems in a typical karst area: evidence from isotopic geochemistry. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17221. [PMID: 38638157 PMCID: PMC11025543 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Soil organic nitrogen (SON) levels can respond effectively to crop metabolism and are directly related to soil productivity. However, simultaneous comparisons of SON dynamics using isotopic tracing in diverse agroecosystems are lacking, especially in karst areas with fragile ecology. Methods To better understand the response of SON dynamics to environmental changes under the coupling of natural and anthropogenic disturbances, SON contents and their stable N isotope (δ15NSON) compositions were determined in abandoned cropland (AC, n = 16), grazing shrubland (GS, n = 11), and secondary forest land (SF, n = 20) from a typical karst area in southwest China. Results The SON contents in the SF (mean: 0.09%) and AC (mean: 0.10%) profiles were obviously lower than those in the GS profile (mean: 0.31%). The δ15NSON values ranged from 4.35‰-7.59‰, 3.79‰-7.23‰, and 1.87‰-7.08‰ for the SF, AC, and GS profiles, respectively. Decomposition of organic matter controlled the SON variations in the secondary forest land by the covered vegetation, and that in the grazing shrubland by goat excreta. δ15NSON ranges were controlled by the covered vegetation, and the δ15NSON fractionations during SON transformation were influenced by microorganisms in all surface soil. Conclusions The excreta of goats that contained 15N-enriched SON induced a heavier δ15NSON composition in the grazed shrubland. Long-term cultivation consumes SON, whereas moderate grazing increases SON content to reduce the risk of soil degradation. This study suggests that optimized crop-livestock production may benefit the sustainable development of agroecosystems in karst regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiyin Han
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Xu
- Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing, China
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Li X, Qi M, Li Q, Wu B, Fu Y, Liang X, Yin G, Zheng Y, Dong H, Liu M, Hou L. Acidification Offset Warming-Induced Increase in N 2O Production in Estuarine and Coastal Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4989-5002. [PMID: 38442002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c10691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Global warming and acidification, induced by a substantial increase in anthropogenic CO2 emissions, are expected to have profound impacts on biogeochemical cycles. However, underlying mechanisms of nitrous oxide (N2O) production in estuarine and coastal sediments remain rarely constrained under warming and acidification. Here, the responses of sediment N2O production pathways to warming and acidification were examined using a series of anoxic incubation experiments. Denitrification and N2O production were largely stimulated by the warming, while N2O production decreased under the acidification as well as the denitrification rate and electron transfer efficiency. Compared to warming alone, the combination of warming and acidification decreased N2O production by 26 ± 4%, which was mainly attributed to the decline of the N2O yield by fungal denitrification. Fungal denitrification was mainly responsible for N2O production under the warming condition, while bacterial denitrification predominated N2O production under the acidification condition. The reduced site preference of N2O under acidification reflects that the dominant pathways of N2O production were likely shifted from fungal to bacterial denitrification. In addition, acidification decreased the diversity and abundance of nirS-type denitrifiers, which were the keystone taxa mediating the low N2O production. Collectively, acidification can decrease sediment N2O yield through shifting the responsible production pathways, partly counteracting the warming-induced increase in N2O emissions, further reducing the positive climate warming feedback loop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengting Qi
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiuxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Boshuang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Guoyu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yanling Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Hongpo Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Zhang H, Adalibieke W, Ba W, Butterbach-Bahl K, Yu L, Cai A, Fu J, Yu H, Zhang W, Huang W, Jian Y, Jiang W, Zhao Z, Luo J, Deng J, Zhou F. Modeling denitrification nitrogen losses in China's rice fields based on multiscale field-experiment constraints. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17199. [PMID: 38385944 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Denitrification plays a critical role in soil nitrogen (N) cycling, affecting N availability in agroecosystems. However, the challenges in direct measurement of denitrification products (NO, N2 O, and N2 ) hinder our understanding of denitrification N losses patterns across the spatial scale. To address this gap, we constructed a data-model fusion method to map the county-scale denitrification N losses from China's rice fields over the past decade. The estimated denitrification N losses as a percentage of N application from 2009 to 2018 were 11.8 ± 4.0% for single rice, 12.4 ± 3.7% for early rice, and 11.6 ± 3.1% for late rice. The model results showed that the spatial heterogeneity of denitrification N losses is primarily driven by edaphic and climatic factors rather than by management practices. In particular, diffusion and production rates emerged as key contributors to the variation of denitrification N losses. These findings humanize a 38.9 ± 4.8 kg N ha-1 N loss by denitrification and challenge the common hypothesis that substrate availability drives the pattern of N losses by denitrification in rice fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayan Zhang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wulahati Adalibieke
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Ba
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Longfei Yu
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Andong Cai
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Fu
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haoming Yu
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wantong Zhang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weichen Huang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiwei Jian
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Jiang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Institute of Ecological Environment Protection Research, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafa Luo
- AgResearch Ruakura, Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Jia Deng
- Earth Systems Research Center, Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Feng Zhou
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Geography and Remote Sensing, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Zhao J, Hu Y, Gao W, Chen H, Yang M, Quan Z, Fang Y, Chen X, Xie H, He H, Zhang X, Lu C. Effects of long-term conservation tillage on N 2 and N 2O emission rates and N 2O emission microbial pathways in Mollisols. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168440. [PMID: 37952674 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Conservation tillage is widely used in farmland management for soil carbon sequestration, but it can also lead to potential emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O). Therefore, our study is aimed to investigate the effects of 15 years of no-tillage combined with four straw mulching levels of 0 % (NT0), 33 % (NT33), 67 % (NT67), and 100 % (NT100) compared to ridge tillage (RT) on the rates of N2O and N2 emissions and the respective contributions of four microbial pathways to N2O emissions. The incubation experiments were conducted at two different moisture levels (55 % and 100 % WFPS) by using dicyandiamide inhibition and 15N-labeling techniques. Soil samples were collected from the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil depths across three maize growth stages: seedling, jointing, and maturity. Our results showed that conservation tillage significantly decreased the N2O + N2 emission at 55 % WFPS, but it has a reverse influence in N2O + N2 emission at 100 % WFPS. The proportion of N2O in gaseous N loss were higher at 100 % WFPS than at 55 % WFPS. Among the four microbial pathways for N2O emissions, autotrophic nitrification was the dominant pathway 55 %WFPS. The contribution of autotrophic nitrification remarkably decreased, co-denitrification and denitrification increased at 100 %WFPS. Overall, at 100 % WFPS, N2O emissions from all major microbial pathways were positively correlated with GWC, temperature, TC, TN, NH4+-N, and NO3--N, but negatively correlated with soil pH and C/N ratios. Our results suggest that long-term conservation tillage increases N2O and N2 emissions from the soil under water-saturated conditions by regulating soil nutrient levels, soil moisture, and microbial pathways. Therefore, we should consider the impact of conservation tillage on N2O emission risk when we attach importance to the role of conservation tillage in improving soil quality and increasing crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Yanyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Wanjing Gao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Huaihai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Miaoyin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhi Quan
- Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Hongtu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Hongbo He
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Conservation Tillage and Ecological Agriculture, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Caiyan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environment Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Neutrality, Liaoning 110016, China; Key Laboratory of Stable Isotope Techniques and Applications, Liaoning 110016, China.
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Deng O, Wang S, Ran J, Huang S, Zhang X, Duan J, Zhang L, Xia Y, Reis S, Xu J, Xu J, de Vries W, Sutton MA, Gu B. Managing urban development could halve nitrogen pollution in China. Nat Commun 2024; 15:401. [PMID: 38195574 PMCID: PMC10776873 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Halving nitrogen pollution is crucial for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, how to reduce nitrogen pollution from multiple sources remains challenging. Here we show that reactive nitrogen (Nr) pollution could be roughly halved by managed urban development in China by 2050, with NH3, NOx and N2O atmospheric emissions declining by 44%, 30% and 33%, respectively, and Nr to water bodies by 53%. While rural-urban migration increases point-source nitrogen emissions in metropolitan areas, it promotes large-scale farming, reducing rural sewage and agricultural non-point-source pollution, potentially improving national air and water quality. An investment of approximately US$ 61 billion in waste treatment, land consolidation, and livestock relocation yields an overall benefit of US$ 245 billion. This underscores the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of halving Nr pollution through urbanization, contributing significantly to SDG1 (No poverty), SDG2 (Zero hunger), SDG6 (Clean water), SDG12 (Responsible consumption and production), SDG14 (Climate Action), and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouping Deng
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Sitong Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiangyou Ran
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jiakun Duan
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yongqiu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Changshu National Agr-Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Stefan Reis
- Unit for Environment and Sustainability at the German Aerospace Centre's Project Funding Agency, DLR Projekttraeger, Bonn, 53227, Germany
| | - Jiayu Xu
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wim de Vries
- Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, 91016700HB, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A Sutton
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH260QB, UK
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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10
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Yin Y, Kara-Murdoch F, Murdoch RW, Yan J, Chen G, Xie Y, Sun Y, Löffler FE. Nitrous oxide inhibition of methanogenesis represents an underappreciated greenhouse gas emission feedback. THE ISME JOURNAL 2024; 18:wrae027. [PMID: 38447133 PMCID: PMC10960958 DOI: 10.1093/ismejo/wrae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are major greenhouse gases that are predominantly generated by microbial activities in anoxic environments. N2O inhibition of methanogenesis has been reported, but comprehensive efforts to obtain kinetic information are lacking. Using the model methanogen Methanosarcina barkeri strain Fusaro and digester sludge-derived methanogenic enrichment cultures, we conducted growth yield and kinetic measurements and showed that micromolar concentrations of N2O suppress the growth of methanogens and CH4 production from major methanogenic substrate classes. Acetoclastic methanogenesis, estimated to account for two-thirds of the annual 1 billion metric tons of biogenic CH4, was most sensitive to N2O, with inhibitory constants (KI) in the range of 18-25 μM, followed by hydrogenotrophic (KI, 60-90 μM) and methylotrophic (KI, 110-130 μM) methanogenesis. Dissolved N2O concentrations exceeding these KI values are not uncommon in managed (i.e. fertilized soils and wastewater treatment plants) and unmanaged ecosystems. Future greenhouse gas emissions remain uncertain, particularly from critical zone environments (e.g. thawing permafrost) with large amounts of stored nitrogenous and carbonaceous materials that are experiencing unprecedented warming. Incorporating relevant feedback effects, such as the significant N2O inhibition on methanogenesis, can refine climate models and improve predictive capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchao Yin
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Fadime Kara-Murdoch
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
| | - Robert W Murdoch
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Jun Yan
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Yongchao Xie
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Yanchen Sun
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
| | - Frank E Löffler
- Center for Environmental Biotechnology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
- Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, United States
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11
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Liao J, Huang Y, Li Z, Niu S. Data-driven modeling on the global annual soil nitrous oxide emissions: Spatial pattern and attributes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166472. [PMID: 37625728 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Previous assessments generated divergent estimates of global terrestrial soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and its spatial distributions, which did not match the observed data well. The objectives of this study were to generate a global map of terrestrial soil N2O emissions based on field observations (n = 5549) and quantify the contribution of different variables for predicting the global variation of N2O emissions. We provided spatially explicit maps of annual soil N2O emission rates across forest, grassland and cropland using the random forest approach. The global mean soil N2O emission rate in our data-driven model was 0.059 ± 0.006 g N m-2 year-1, which was lower than the estimates from previous model ensembles. Soil N2O emissions were higher in the northern than southern hemisphere. The average annual soil N2O emission rate of cropland (0.094 ± 0.009 g N m-2 year-1) was higher than that of forest (0.039 ± 0.004 g N m-2 year-1) and grassland (0.045 ± 0.007 g N m-2 year-1). In addition, we found that soil nitrogen substrates dominated the changes in soil N2O emissions and the relative importance of nitrate, ammonium, and fertilizer in predicting soil N2O emissions was greater than that of mean annual temperature and precipitation. Our data-driven model results implied that previous process-based model may overestimate the global soil N2O emission rates due to limited validation data and incomplete assumptions on related-mechanisms. This study highlights the importance of global field observations in N2O emission estimation, which can provide an independent dataset to constrain previous process-based models for better prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqiang Liao
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Zhaolei Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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12
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Iboko MP, Dossou-Yovo ER, Obalum SE, Oraegbunam CJ, Diedhiou S, Brümmer C, Témé N. Paddy rice yield and greenhouse gas emissions: Any trade-off due to co-application of biochar and nitrogen fertilizer? A systematic review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22132. [PMID: 38045115 PMCID: PMC10692810 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Combined application of biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer could offer opportunities to increase rice yield and reduce methane emissions from paddy fields. However, this strategy may increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, hence its interactive effects on GHG emissions, global warming potential (GWP) and GHG intensity (GHGI) remained poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review to i) evaluate the overall effects of combined application of biochar and N fertilizer rates on GHGs emissions, GWP, rice yield, and GHGI, ii) determine the quantities of biochar and N-fertilizer application that increase rice yield and reduce GHGs emissions and GHGI, and iii) examine the effects of biochar and different types of nitrogen fertilizers on rice yield, GHGs, GWP, and GHGI using data from 45 research articles and 183 paired observations. The extracted data were grouped based on biochar and N rates used by researchers as well as N fertiliser types. Accordingly, biochar rates were grouped into low (≤9 tons/ha), medium (>9 and ≤ 20 ton/ha) and high (>20 tons/ha), while N rates were grouped into three categories: low (≤140 kg N/ha), medium (>140 and ≤ 240 kg N/ha), and high (>240 kg N/ha). For fertiliser types, N rates were grouped as: low (≤150 kg N/ha), medium (>150 and ≤250 kg N/ha), and high (>250 kg N/ha) and N types into: urea, NPK, NPK plus urea (NPK_urea) and NPK plus (NH4)2SO4 (NPK_(NH4)2SO4). Results showed that biochar and N fertiliser significantly affected GHGs emissions, GWP, GHGI and rice yield. Compared to control (i.e., sole N application), co-application of high biochar and medium N rates significantly decreased CH4 emission (82 %) while low biochar with low N rates enhanced CH4 emission (114 %). In contrast, high biochar combined with low N decreased N2O emission by 91 % whereas medium biochar and high N rates resulted in 82 % increase in N2O emission relative to control. The highest GWP and GHGI were observed under co-application of medium biochar and low N rates. Highest rice yield was observed under low biochar rate and high N rate. Regardless of N fertiliser type and biochar rates, increasing N rates increased rice yield and N2O emissions. The highest GWP and GHGI were recorded under sole NPK application. Combination of low biochar and medium N produced low GHGs emissions, high grain yield, and the lowest GHGI, and could be recommended to smallholder farmers to increase rice yield and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from paddy rice field. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the effects of biochar properties on soil characteristics and greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maduabuchi P. Iboko
- Graduate Research Program, Climate Change and Agriculture, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
- Graduate Research Program, Climate Change and Agriculture, Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée, Katibougou, Mali
- School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | | | - Sunday E. Obalum
- Department of Soil Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Nigeria
| | - Chidozie J. Oraegbunam
- Global Station for Food, Land & Water Resources, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita 9 Nishi 9 Kita-Ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-8589, Japan
| | - Siméon Diedhiou
- Graduate Research Program, Climate Change and Agriculture, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
- Graduate Research Program, Climate Change and Agriculture, Institut Polytechnique Rural de Formation et de Recherche Appliquée, Katibougou, Mali
- School of Agriculture, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Christian Brümmer
- Thünen Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Bundesallee 50, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Niaba Témé
- Labo Biotechnologie, Institute D'Economie Rurale, Sotuba, Mali
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13
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O' Sullivan R, Cama-Moncunill R, Salter-Townshend M, Schmidt O, Monahan FJ. Verifying origin claims on dairy products using stable isotope ratio analysis and random forest classification. Food Chem X 2023; 19:100858. [PMID: 37780346 PMCID: PMC10534209 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Scientifically underpinning geographic origin claims will improve consumer trust in food labels. Stable isotope ratio analysis (SIRA) is an analytical technique that supports origin verification of food products based on naturally occurring differences in isotopic compositions. SIRA of five relevant elements (C, H, N, O, S) was conducted on casein isolated from butter (n = 60), cheese (n = 96), and whole milk powder (WMP) (n = 41). Samples were divided into four geographic regions based on their commercial origin: Ireland (n = 79), Europe (n = 67), Australasia (n = 29) and USA (n = 22). A random forest machine learning model built using δ13C, δ2H, δ15N, δ18O and δ34S values of all products (n = 197) accurately (88% model accuracy rate) predicted the region of origin with class accuracy of 95% for Irish, 84% for European, 71% for Australasia, and 94% for US products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roisin O' Sullivan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Raquel Cama-Moncunill
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Michael Salter-Townshend
- UCD School of Mathematics and Statistics, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Olaf Schmidt
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Frank J. Monahan
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin D04 V1W8, Ireland
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14
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Feng M, Peng S, Wang Y, Ciais P, Goll DS, Chang J, Fang Y, Houlton BZ, Liu G, Sun Y, Xi Y. Overestimated nitrogen loss from denitrification for natural terrestrial ecosystems in CMIP6 Earth System Models. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3065. [PMID: 37244896 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38803-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Denitrification and leaching nitrogen (N) losses are poorly constrained in Earth System Models (ESMs). Here, we produce a global map of natural soil 15N abundance and quantify soil denitrification N loss for global natural ecosystems using an isotope-benchmarking method. We show an overestimation of denitrification by almost two times in the 13 ESMs of the Sixth Phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6, 73 ± 31 Tg N yr-1), compared with our estimate of 38 ± 11 Tg N yr-1, which is rooted in isotope mass balance. Moreover, we find a negative correlation between the sensitivity of plant production to rising carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and denitrification in boreal regions, revealing that overestimated denitrification in ESMs would translate to an exaggeration of N limitation on the responses of plant growth to elevated CO2. Our study highlights the need of improving the representation of the denitrification in ESMs and better assessing the effects of terrestrial ecosystems on CO2 mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoyuan Feng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shushi Peng
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Yilong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Philippe Ciais
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- The Cyprus Institute 20 Konstantinou Kavafi Street, 2121, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Daniel S Goll
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jinfeng Chang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunting Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Benjamin Z Houlton
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Department of Global Development, CALS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Gang Liu
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yi Xi
- Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement, LSCE/IPSL, CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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