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Feng S, Wang J, Yin C, Li H, Wang T, Liu J, Liang Y, Liu J, Han D. The association between lower extremity function and cardiovascular diseases risk in older Chinese adults: Longitudinal evidence from a nationwide cohort. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 124:105463. [PMID: 38723574 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults in China are at a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and impaired lower extremity function (LEF) is commonly observed in this demographic. This study aimed at assessing the association between LEF and CVD, thus providing valuable insights for clinical practice and public health policies. METHODS A sample of 4,636 individuals was included from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) dataset. Logistic regression and cox proportional hazard regression model was utilized to study the association between LEF and CVD incidence. Cross-lagged panel models were utilized to investigate the potential causal association between LEF and CVD over time. RESULTS Poor LEF was significantly associated with a higher risk of CVD in the total population [OR (95 % CI): 1.62 (1.27-2.05), P < 0.001]. Individuals with poor LEF demonstrated an increased risk of developing CVD [HR (95 % CI): 1.11 (1.02-1.23), P < 0.05], particularly stroke, compared to those with good LEF. And those with poor LEF had higher risks for heart disease [1.21 (1.00-1.45), P < 0.05] and stroke [1.98 (1.47-2.67), P < 0.001]. CONCLUSION The results suggest the potential usefulness of the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) for classifying stroke risk in older Chinese adults, which also suggested that preventing and/or improving LEF may be beneficial for reducing stroke incidence and promoting healthy aging for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixing Feng
- Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China; School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China; Centre France Chine de la Médecine Chinoise, Selles sur Cher, France
| | - Junqi Wang
- Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Chaohui Yin
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hangyu Li
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- School of Management, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jialin Liu
- Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yafeng Liang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jinmin Liu
- Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100000, China.
| | - Dongran Han
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
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2
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Ran Q, Li A, Tan Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen H. Action and therapeutic targets of myosin light chain kinase, an important cardiovascular signaling mechanism. Pharmacol Res 2024:107276. [PMID: 38944220 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The global incidence of cardiac diseases is increasing, imposing a substantial socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. The pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease is complex and not fully understood, and the physiological function of the heart is inextricably linked to well-regulated cardiac muscle movement. Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is essential for myocardial contraction and diastole, cardiac electrophysiological homeostasis, vasoconstriction of vascular nerves and blood pressure regulation. In this sense, MLCK appears to be an attractive therapeutic target for cardiac diseases. MLCK participates in myocardial cell movement and migration through diverse pathways, including regulation of calcium homeostasis, activation of myosin light chain phosphorylation, and stimulation of vascular smooth muscle cell contraction or relaxation. Recently, phosphorylation of myosin light chains has been shown to be closely associated with the activation of myocardial exercise signaling, and MLCK mediates systolic and diastolic functions of the heart through the interaction of myosin thick filaments and actin thin filaments. It works by upholding the integrity of the cytoskeleton, modifying the conformation of the myosin head, and modulating innervation. MLCK governs vasoconstriction and diastolic function and is associated with the activation of adrenergic and sympathetic nervous systems, extracellular transport, endothelial permeability, and the regulation of nitric oxide and angiotensin II. Additionally, MLCK plays a crucial role in the process of cardiac aging. Multiple natural products/phytochemicals and chemical compounds, such as quercetin, cyclosporin, and ML-7 hydrochloride, have been shown to regulate cardiomyocyte MLCK. The MLCK-modifying capacity of these compounds should be considered in designing novel therapeutic agents. This review summarizes the mechanism of action of MLCK in the cardiovascular system and the therapeutic potential of reported chemical compounds in cardiac diseases by modifying MLCK processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhi Ran
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Aoshuang Li
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuqing Tan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China.
| | - Yongkang Zhang
- Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
| | - Hengwen Chen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100070, China; Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China.
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Ge Y, Dou X, Chen P, Chen J, Dai M, Yao S, Lin Y. Treadmill Exercise Enhances Post-Stroke Functional Recovery in Mice via the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04287-1. [PMID: 38886327 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04287-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
To validate that treadmill exercise promotes neurofunctional recovery post ischemic stroke and to specifically explore the role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling pathway in this treadmill-mediated recovery process. C57BL/6 J mice were used to establish a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. From days 5 to 28 post-stroke, the experimental group did 10-min treadmill sessions twice daily at 12 r/min; the control group remained inactive. On day 6 post-stroke, mice received three intraperitoneal injections of Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) or PBS. On days 1, 3, and 5 post-stroke, mice received intracerebroventricular injections of exogenous recombinant CX3CL1, CX3CL1 antagonist, or PBS. The modified neurological severity score (mNSS) and the corner test were used to assess sensorimotor function, and the morris water maze (MWM) test was employed to evaluate cognitive function. Western blot detected CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 protein expression, while immunofluorescence observed these proteins, neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ), rostral migratory stream (RMS), and dentate gyrus (DG), along with Iba1 and CD68 co-expression. ELISA quantified IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-10 levels. Treadmill exercise significantly improved neurofunctional recovery in MCAO mice, enhanced neurogenesis in the RMS and SVZ, and increased the expression of CX3CL1 and CX3CR1. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis enhanced the impact of treadmill exercise on neurofunctional recovery, promoting neurogenesis in the RMS and SVZ, and reducing inflammation. Additionally, this axis also enhanced neurogenesis and suppressed microglial activation in the DG induced by treadmill exercise. This study demonstrates the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 pathway as critical for treadmill-induced post-stroke recovery, indicating its potential target for exercise mimetics in rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoke Dou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Pu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Maosha Dai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China
| | - Shanglong Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China.
| | - Yun Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation, Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Wuhan, China.
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4
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Dai Z, Wan K, Miyashita M, Ho RST, Zheng C, Poon ETC, Wong SHS. The effect of time-restricted eating combined with exercise on body composition and metabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Adv Nutr 2024:100262. [PMID: 38897385 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been increasingly popular, but its benefits in combination with exercise still need to be determined. OBJECTIVE This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TRE combined with exercise compared with control diet with exercise in improving the body composition and metabolic health of adults. METHODS Five electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) examining the effect of TRE combined with exercise on body composition and metabolic health in adults were included. All results in our meta-analysis were described as mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (Cl). Study quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessment. RESULTS In total, 19 RCTs comprising 568 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. TRE combined with exercise likely reduced the participants' body mass (MD = -1.86 kg, 95% CI [-2.75, -0.97]) and fat mass (MD = -1.52 kg, 95% CI [-2.07, -0.97]) when compared to the control diet with exercise. In terms of metabolic health, the TRE combined with the exercise group likely reduced triglycerides (MD = -13.38 mg/dl, 95% CI [-21.22, -5.54]) and may result in a reduction in low-density lipoprotein (MD = -8.52 mg/dl, 95% CI [-11.72, -5.33]) and a large reduction in leptin (MD -0.67 ng/ml; 95%CI [-1.02, -0.33]). However, TRE plus exercise exhibited no additional benefit on the glucose profile, including fasting glucose and insulin, and other lipid profiles, including total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein levels, compared with the control group. CONCLUSIONS Combining TRE with exercise may be more effective in reducing body weight and fat mass and improving lipid profile than control diet with exercise. Implementing this approach may benefit individuals aiming to achieve weight loss and enhance their metabolic well-being. REGISTRY AND REGISTRY NUMBER FOR SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS OR META-ANALYSES: CRD42022353834.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Dai
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kewen Wan
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Dr. Stephen Hui Research Centre for Physical Recreation and Wellness, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Masashi Miyashita
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Saitama, Japan; School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, United Kindom
| | - Robin Sze-Tak Ho
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Eric Tsz-Chun Poon
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen Heung-Sang Wong
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Yu LH, Zhang GL. Modulating the Expression of Exercise-induced lncRNAs: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease Progression. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10530-w. [PMID: 38858339 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10530-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Recent research shows exercise is good for heart health, emphasizing the importance of physical activity. Sedentary behavior increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, while exercise can help prevent and treat it. Additionally, physical exercise can modulate the expression of lncRNAs, influencing cardiovascular disease progression. Therefore, understanding this relationship could help identify prospective biomarkers and therapeutic targets pertaining to cardiovascular ailments. This review has underscored recent advancements concerning the potential biomarkers of lncRNAs in cardiovascular diseases, while also summarizing existing knowledge regarding dysregulated lncRNAs and their plausible molecular mechanisms. Additionally, we have contributed novel perspectives on the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs, which hold promise as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular conditions. The knowledge imparted in this review may prove valuable in guiding the design of future investigations and furthering the understanding of lncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers for cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Hua Yu
- College of Arts and Sports, Hanyang University, Olympic Gym, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
- Changsha University of Science and Technology, No. 960, Section 2, Wanjiali South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Ge-Lin Zhang
- College of Arts and Sports, Hanyang University, Olympic Gym, 222, Wangsimni-Ro, Seongdong-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
- Changsha University of Science and Technology, No. 960, Section 2, Wanjiali South Road, Tianxin District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
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Cozgarea A, Cozma D, Teodoru M, Lazăr-Höcher AI, Cirin L, Faur-Grigori AA, Lazăr MA, Crișan S, Gaiță D, Luca CT, Văcărescu C. Heart Rate Recovery: Up to Date in Heart Failure-A Literature Review. J Clin Med 2024; 13:3328. [PMID: 38893039 PMCID: PMC11173322 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising prevalence of cardiovascular disease underscores the growing significance of heart failure (HF). Pathophysiological insights into HF highlight the dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), characterized by sympathetic overactivity and diminished vagal tone, impacting cardiovascular function. Heart rate recovery (HRR), a metric measuring the heart's ability to return to its baseline rate post-exertion, plays a crucial role in assessing cardiovascular health. Widely applied across various cardiovascular conditions including HF, coronary artery disease (CAD), and arterial hypertension (HTN), HRR quantifies the difference between peak and recovery heart rates. Given its association with elevated sympathetic tone and exercise, HRR provides valuable insights into the perspective of HF, beyond effort tolerance, reaching toward prognostic and mortality indicators. Incorporating HRR into cardiovascular evaluations enhances our understanding of autonomic regulation in HF, offering potential implications for prognostication and patient management. This review addresses the significance of HRR in HF assessment, analyzing recently conducted studies, and providing a foundation for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreea Cozgarea
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Dragoș Cozma
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Minodora Teodoru
- County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
- Medical Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, “Lucian Blaga” University, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Alexandra-Iulia Lazăr-Höcher
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Liviu Cirin
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Adelina-Andreea Faur-Grigori
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
| | - Mihai-Andrei Lazăr
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simina Crișan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dan Gaiță
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Constantin-Tudor Luca
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Cristina Văcărescu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania; (A.C.); (A.-I.L.-H.); (A.-A.F.-G.); (M.-A.L.); (S.C.); (D.G.); (C.-T.L.); (C.V.)
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Research Center of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Timisoara, 300310 Timisoara, Romania
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7
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Bautista CJ, Reyes-Castro LA, Lomas-Soria C, Ibáñez CA, Zambrano E. Late-in-life Exercise Ameliorates the Aging Trajectory Metabolism Programmed by Maternal Obesity in Rats: It is Never Too Late. Arch Med Res 2024; 55:103002. [PMID: 38735235 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity (MO) has been shown to adversely affect metabolic, oxidative, reproductive, and cognitive function in offspring. However, it is unclear whether lifestyle modification can ameliorate the metabolic and organ dysfunction programmed by MO and prevent the effects of metabolic syndrome in adulthood. This study aimed to evaluate whether moderate voluntary exercise in the offspring of rats born to obese mothers can ameliorate the adverse effects of MO programming on metabolism and liver function in mid-adulthood. METHODS Offspring of control (CF1) and MOF1 mothers were fed with a control diet from weaning. Adult males and females participated in 15 min exercise sessions five days/week. Metabolic parameters were analyzed before and after the exercise intervention. Liver oxidative stress biomarkers and antioxidant enzymes were analyzed before and after the intervention. RESULTS Males showed that CF1ex ran more than MOF1ex and increased the distance covered. In contrast, females in both groups ran similar distances and remained constant but ran more distance than males. At PND 300 and 450, male and female MOF1 had higher leptin, triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels than CF1. However, male MOF1ex had lower triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA-IR levels than MOF1. Improvements in liver fat and antioxidant enzymes were observed in CF1ex and MOF1ex males and females compared to their respective CF1 and MOF1 groups. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that moderate voluntary exercise, even when started in mid-adulthood, can improve metabolic outcomes and delay accelerated metabolic aging in MO-programmed rats in a sex-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia J Bautista
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis A Reyes-Castro
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Lomas-Soria
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnologías, Cátedras Investigador por México, Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Ibáñez
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Zambrano
- Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Belisario Domínguez, Tlalpan, Mexico City, Mexico; Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico.
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8
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Melmer A, Martin-Niedecken AL, Wehrli W, Lüchinger P, Riederer Y, Scott S, Pickles J, Niedecken S, Flagmeier D, Villiger S, Jurt R, Kind N, Witthauer L, Schättin A, Stettler C. Effects of home-based exergaming on cardio-metabolic and cognitive health in physically inactive individuals. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:2267-2274. [PMID: 38479807 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS To examine the effects of a home-based exergame training over 6 weeks on cardio-metabolic and cognitive health, as well as training adherence, in physically inactive individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty participants were equipped with an exergame system specifically designed for use at home. Each participant performed at least three weekly exercise sessions at ≥80% of their individual maximum heart rate, over 6 weeks. Exercise duration increased biweekly until 75 min of vigorous exercise were performed in Weeks 5 and 6. Maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), cardio-metabolic profiling, and neuro-cognitive tests were performed at baseline and study end. Additionally, training adherence was assessed via training diaries. RESULTS After 6 weeks of home-based exergaming, VO2max increased significantly, while there was a significant decrease in heart rate (resting and maximum), blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Dynamic balance and reaction time improved after 6 weeks of exergaming. Training adherence was 88.4%. CONCLUSIONS Home-based exergaming induced a clinically relevant increase in VO2max, a determinant of cardiovascular health, accompanied by further improvements in cardiovascular, metabolic and neuro-cognitive parameters. Exergaming may, therefore, offer an innovative approach to increasing regular physical activity, improving metabolic risk profile, and preventing chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Melmer
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna Lisa Martin-Niedecken
- Department of Design, Institute for Design Research, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
- Sphery Ltd, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wanda Wehrli
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Lüchinger
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Sam Scott
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Team Novo Nordisk Professional Cycling Team, Atlanta, Switzerland
| | - Jordan Pickles
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - David Flagmeier
- Department of Design, Institute for Design Research, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Villiger
- Department of Design, Institute for Design Research, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Roman Jurt
- Department of Design, Institute for Design Research, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Kind
- Department of Design, Institute for Design Research, Zurich University of the Arts, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lilian Witthauer
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Christoph Stettler
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology, Clinical Nutrition & Metabolism, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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9
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Hauser R, de la Harpe R, Vollenweider P, Hullin R, Vaucher J, Marques-Vidal P, Méan M. Adherence to 2020 ESC recommendations on physical activity in a population with different cardiovascular risk levels: A prospective population-based study from the CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study. Prev Med Rep 2024; 42:102743. [PMID: 38707253 PMCID: PMC11068929 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In 2020, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recommends 150 min of moderate or 75 min of vigorous-intensity PA per week. While general population PA adherence is suboptimal, its status among those with previous ASCVD or high ASCVD risk remains unknown. We aimed to assess objective adherence to ESC PA recommendations using accelerometer-based measurement among these populations. Methodology We used data from the Swiss CoLaus|PsyCoLaus cohort study (2014-2016). PA was measured using a 14-day wrist accelerometer. Adherence was defined as > 80 % of recommended PA achievement. Adherence was investigated separately among participants with previous ASCVD and among cardiovascular risk groups (based on the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation SCORE-1 and more recent SCORE2) with simple and multivariable logistic regressions. Participants' characteristics were also evaluated as independent factors after adjustment. Results We studied 1867 participants (median age: 61.2 years, 51.3 % female). ESC PA Adherence reached 55.5 % overall, and 37 % in those with previous ASCVD. Multivariable analysis showed no significant association between previous ASCVD or high cardiovascular risk and PA adherence (Odds ratio adjusted [ORa] 0.9, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] 0.6-1.4 and ORa 0.7, 95 % CI 0.4-1.2, respectively). Age (≥60 years old), obesity, smoking, chronic renal disease, hypertension, diabetes and benzodiazepine use were significantly associated with lower likelihood of PA adherence in multivariable logistic regression. Conclusion Adherence to ESC PA guidelines, particularly in participants with higher cardiovascular risk, was poor. Since PA adherence was associated with modifiable risk factors (e.g., obesity, smoking, and benzodiazepine use), maintained efforts to implement the ESC recommendations are advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaël Hauser
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roxane de la Harpe
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Vollenweider
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Roger Hullin
- Division of Cardiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julien Vaucher
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Méan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Rue du Bugnon 46, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
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10
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Xu H, Xiang QY, Zhan JK, Wang Y, Wang YJ, Li S, Liu YS. Association between macro- and microvascular damage and sarcopenia index in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:762-772. [PMID: 38346295 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia was recently reported to be relevant to an increased macro-and microvascular disease risk. Sarcopenia index (SI) has been identified as a surrogate marker for sarcopenia. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between macro- and microvascular disease and SI in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A total of 783 patients with T2DM were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The SI was calculated by (serum creatinine [mg/dL]/cystatin C [mg/L]) × 100. The subjects were divided into three groups according to SI tertiles: T1 (41.27-81.37), T2 (81.38- 99.55), and T3 (99.56-192.31). Parameters of macro- and microvascular complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR), micro- and macroalbuminuria (MAU), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and lower extremity peripheral artery disease (LEAD) were evaluated. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that when taking the top tertile of SI as a reference, an increasing trend of the prevalence of DR, MAU, DPN, and LEAD were presented (all P for trend < 0.05), where the OR (95% CI) for DR prevalence was 1.967 (1.252-3.090) in T2, 2.195 (1.278-3.769) in T1, for MAU was 1.805 (1.149-2.837) in T2, 2.537 (1.490-4.320) in T1, for DPN was 2.244 (1.485-3.391) in T2, 3.172 (1.884-5.341) in T1, and for LEAD was 2.017 (1.002-4.057) in T2, 2.405 (1.107-5.225) in T1 (all P < 0.05). Patients with lower SI were more inclined to have an increased risk of macro- and microvascular damage in T2DM population, which may be related to sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Department of Geriatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Qun-Yan Xiang
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Jun-Kun Zhan
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Yan-Jiao Wang
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Institute of Aging and Age-related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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11
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Weizman O, Marijon E. [Physical activity to reduce cardiovascular risk -Why deprive yourself ?]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2024; 73:101764. [PMID: 38723317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2024.101764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Sports-related sudden death is an uncommon event, affecting mainly middle-aged men who practice leisure sports, and is related to unknown coronary artery disease. In athletes, cardiac causes are also predominant, with a greater proportion of structural and electrical heart disease. If first-aid resuscitation measures are initiated, survival easily exceeds 50%, and this is an excellent educational illustration of how to improve the prognosis of non-sport-related cardiac arrest. Prevention of a sport-related cardiovascular event remains difficult, and relies on clinical examination, questioning (including family history) and resting ECG in participants >35 years old. The non-contraindication visit is also an opportunity to pass on to the patient the rules of good sports "hygiene" and life-saving gestures in the event of sudden death during sport in one of the partners (and the importance of regularly educating oneself in life-saving gestures...).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eloi Marijon
- European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Paris, France.
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12
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Mueller C, Thomas A, Amara AW, DeWolfe J, Thomas SJ. Effects of exercise on sleep in patients with epilepsy: A systematic review. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 26:100675. [PMID: 38779424 PMCID: PMC11109323 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Exercise interventions in epilepsy have been shown to improve seizure frequency, physical capacity, quality of life, mood, and cognitive functioning. However, the effectiveness of exercise in improving sleep in epilepsy is less clear. The purpose of this report is to identify the published literature regarding exercise interventions in people with epilepsy to determine 1) what proportion of published clinical trials assess sleep as an outcome, and 2) what benefits of exercise interventions on sleep have been observed. We searched the PubMed, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS electronic databases using the search terms "epilepsy AND [exercise OR physical activity]" and identified 23 articles reporting on 18 unique clinical trials. Nine studies were conducted in adults, five in children, and four in adults and children with active seizures, controlled seizures, or both. Exercise modalities included aerobic exercise, strength training, walking, and yoga, among others, and some also included educational and motivational components. Exercise effects on sleep were tested in four studies, two of which only included indirect measures of sleep- and rest-related fatigue, with mixed results. Of the two reports assessing sleep directly, one reported marginal non-significant improvements in subjective sleep quality and no improvements in objective sleep quality in children after twelve weeks of walking, and the other reported no benefits in subjective sleep quality after twelve weeks of combined aerobic, strength, and flexibility training in adults. Given the health benefits of sleep and detrimental effects of sleep deprivation in epilepsy, epilepsy researchers need to assess the effects of exercise interventions on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mueller
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Ashley Thomas
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Amy W. Amara
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Fitzsimons Building, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Jennifer DeWolfe
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Neurology, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - S. Justin Thomas
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, 1720 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
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13
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Carrard J, Hofer M, Prechtl L, Fleischlin E, Huber M, Gallart-Ayala H, Teav T, Infanger D, Höchsmann C, Koehler K, Hinrichs T, Hanssen H, Ivanisevic J, Schmidt-Trucksäss A. Effect of an eight-week high-intensity interval training programme on circulating sphingolipid levels in middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (SphingoFIT)-Protocol for a randomised controlled exercise trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302477. [PMID: 38717997 PMCID: PMC11078397 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence indicates that sphingolipid accumulation drives complex molecular alterations promoting cardiometabolic diseases. Clinically, it was shown that sphingolipids predict cardiometabolic risk independently of and beyond traditional biomarkers such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. To date, little is known about therapeutic modalities to lower sphingolipid levels. Exercise, a powerful means to prevent and treat cardiometabolic diseases, is a promising modality to mitigate sphingolipid levels in a cost-effective, safe, and patient-empowering manner. METHODS This randomised controlled trial will explore whether and to what extent an 8-week fitness-enhancing training programme can lower serum sphingolipid levels of middle-aged adults at elevated cardiometabolic risk (n = 98, 50% females). The exercise intervention will consist of supervised high-intensity interval training (three sessions weekly), while the control group will receive physical activity counselling based on current guidelines. Blood will be sampled early in the morning in a fasted state before and after the 8-week programme. Participants will be provided with individualised, pre-packaged meals for the two days preceding blood sampling to minimise potential confounding. An 'omic-scale sphingolipid profiling, using high-coverage reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, will be applied to capture the circulating sphingolipidome. Maximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests will be performed before and after the 8-week programme to assess patient fitness changes. Cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, static retinal vessel analysis, flow-mediated dilatation, and strain analysis of the heart cavities will also be assessed pre- and post-intervention. This study shall inform whether and to what extent exercise can be used as an evidence-based treatment to lower circulating sphingolipid levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered on www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT06024291) on August 28, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Carrard
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- SportAdo Centre, Children and Adolescent Surgery, Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Hofer
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luisa Prechtl
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Eva Fleischlin
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Huber
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hector Gallart-Ayala
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tony Teav
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Denis Infanger
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Höchsmann
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karsten Koehler
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Timo Hinrichs
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Henner Hanssen
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Julijana Ivanisevic
- Metabolomics Platform, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Arno Schmidt-Trucksäss
- Division of Sport and Exercise Medicine, Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Yan Y, Zhang W, Wang Y, Yi C, Yu B, Pang X, Li K, Li H, Dai Y. Crosstalk between intestinal flora and human iron metabolism: the role in metabolic syndrome-related comorbidities and its potential clinical application. Microbiol Res 2024; 282:127667. [PMID: 38442456 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of iron and intestinal flora, both of which play crucial roles in many physiologic processes, is involved in the development of Metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS is a pathologic condition represented by insulin resistance, obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. MetS-related comorbidities including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, metabolism-related fatty liver (MAFLD), hypertension polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and so forth. In this review, we examine the interplay between intestinal flora and human iron metabolism and its underlying mechanism in the pathogenesis of MetS-related comorbidities. The composition and metabolites of intestinal flora regulate the level of human iron by modulating intestinal iron absorption, the factors associated with iron metabolism. On the other hand, the iron level also affects the abundance, composition, and metabolism of intestinal flora. The crosstalk between these factors is of significant importance in human metabolism and exerts varying degrees of influence on the manifestation and progression of MetS-related comorbidities. The findings derived from these studies can enhance our comprehension of the interplay between intestinal flora and iron metabolism, and open up novel potential therapeutic approaches toward MetS-related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijing Yan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Wenlan Zhang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yulin Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Chunmei Yi
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Medical Technology, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Xiaoli Pang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Kunyang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - HuHu Li
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yongna Dai
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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15
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Xu W, Zhao X, Zeng M, Wu S, He Y, Zhou M. Exercise for frailty research frontiers: a bibliometric analysis and systematic review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1341336. [PMID: 38751977 PMCID: PMC11094275 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1341336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Exercise intervention is a method of improving and preventing frailty in old age through physical exercise and physical activity. It has a positive impact on many chronic diseases and health risk factors, in particular cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, osteoporosis, mental health problems and cancer prevention, and exercise therapies can also fight inflammation, increase muscle strength and flexibility, improve immune function, and enhance overall health. This study was aimed to analyze research hotspots and frontiers in exercise therapies for frailty through bibliometric methods. Methods In this study, data of publications from 1st January 2003 to 31st August 2023 were gathered from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed the hotspots and frontiers of frailty research in terms of remarkable countries/regions, institutions, cited references, authors, cited journals, burst keywords, and high-frequency keywords using CiteSpace 6.2.R3 software. The PRISMA reporting guidelines were used for this study. Results A collection of 7,093 publications was obtained, showing an increasing trend each year. BMC Geriatrics led in publications, while Journals of Gerontology Series A-Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences dominated in citations. The United States led in centrality and publications, with the University of Pittsburgh as the most productive institution. Leocadio R had the highest publication ranking, while Fried Lp ranked first among cited authors. Keywords in the domain of exercise therapies for frailty are "frailty," "older adult," "physical activity," "exercise," and "mortality," with "sarcopenia" exhibiting the greatest centrality. The keywords formed 19 clusters, namely "#0 older persons," "#1 mortality," "#2 muscle strength," "#3 bone mineral density," "#4 muscle mass," "#5 older adults," "#6 older people," "#7 women's health," "#8 frail elderly," "#9 heart failure," "#10 geriatric assessment," "#11 comprehensive geriatric assessment," "#12 outcm," "#13 alzheimers disease," "#14 quality of life," "#15 health care," "#16 oxidative stress," "#17 physical activity," and "#18 protein." Conclusion This study presents the latest developments and trends in research on frailty exercise intervention treatments over the past 20 years using CiteSpace visualization software. Through systematic analyses, partners, research hotspots and cutting-edge directions were revealed, providing a guiding basis for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Xu
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xianghu Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- College of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meiling Zeng
- Normal College, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengbing Wu
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Meridian Viscera Correlationship, Hefei, China
| | - Yikang He
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meiqi Zhou
- Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Meridian Viscera Correlationship, Hefei, China
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16
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Vetr NG, Gay NR, Montgomery SB. The impact of exercise on gene regulation in association with complex trait genetics. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3346. [PMID: 38693125 PMCID: PMC11063075 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45966-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endurance exercise training is known to reduce risk for a range of complex diseases. However, the molecular basis of this effect has been challenging to study and largely restricted to analyses of either few or easily biopsied tissues. Extensive transcriptome data collected across 15 tissues during exercise training in rats as part of the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium has provided a unique opportunity to clarify how exercise can affect tissue-specific gene expression and further suggest how exercise adaptation may impact complex disease-associated genes. To build this map, we integrate this multi-tissue atlas of gene expression changes with gene-disease targets, genetic regulation of expression, and trait relationship data in humans. Consensus from multiple approaches prioritizes specific tissues and genes where endurance exercise impacts disease-relevant gene expression. Specifically, we identify a total of 5523 trait-tissue-gene triplets to serve as a valuable starting point for future investigations [Exercise; Transcription; Human Phenotypic Variation].
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17
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Park S, Son H. Joint associations of sedentary behavior and domain-specific physical activity on C-reactive protein in Korea. Prev Med 2024; 182:107944. [PMID: 38588827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) exert opposing effects on inflammatory markers. This study examined the associations of a more subdivided combination of PA and SB with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Using the 2014-2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this cross-sectional study analyzed 20,541 adults. The independent variables were SB, defined as ≥10 h of sitting per day, and three domains of PA: occupational PA (OPA) during work, leisure-time PA (LPA) during leisure time, and transportation PA (TPA) or active commuting. The dependent variable was hs-CRP ≥ 1.0 mg/L. Besides exploring the individual association of SB and each PA with hs-CRP, the combined association of SB and each PA with hs-CRP was also examined using multiple logistic regression. The analyses indicated that concurrent exposure to SB and OPA (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.80) significantly raised the likelihood of increased hs-CRP, while SB without LPA (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11-1.41) or TPA (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08-1.31) significantly increased risk of higher hs-CRP, compared to their respective reference. The absence of non-occupational PA such as LPA or TPA combined with SB was associated with the increased hs-CRP risk, whereas OPA increased the risk when present concurrently with SB. Reducing SB and OPA while increasing LPA and TPA, is necessary to reduce inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gwanghwamun Center, Korea Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseung Son
- Occupational and Environmental Medical Center, Cheonan Woori Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Zureigat H, Osborne MT, Abohashem S, Mezue K, Gharios C, Grewal S, Cardeiro A, Naddaf N, Civieri G, Abbasi T, Radfar A, Aldosoky W, Seligowski AV, Wasfy MM, Guseh JS, Churchill TW, Rosovsky RP, Fayad Z, Rosenzweig A, Baggish A, Pitman RK, Choi KW, Smoller J, Shin LM, Tawakol A. Effect of Stress-Related Neural Pathways on the Cardiovascular Benefit of Physical Activity. J Am Coll Cardiol 2024; 83:1543-1553. [PMID: 38631773 PMCID: PMC11164527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mechanisms underlying the psychological and cardiovascular disease (CVD) benefits of physical activity (PA) are not fully understood. OBJECTIVES This study tested whether PA: 1) attenuates stress-related neural activity, which is known to potentiate CVD and for its role in anxiety/depression; 2) decreases CVD in part through this neural effect; and 3) has a greater impact on CVD risk among individuals with depression. METHODS Participants from the Mass General Brigham Biobank who completed a PA survey were studied. A subset underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomographic imaging. Stress-related neural activity was measured as the ratio of resting amygdalar-to-cortical activity (AmygAC). CVD events were ascertained from electronic health records. RESULTS A total of 50,359 adults were included (median age 60 years [Q1-Q3: 45-70 years]; 40.1% male). Greater PA was associated with both lower AmygAC (standardized β: -0.245; 95% CI: -0.444 to -0.046; P = 0.016) and CVD events (HR: 0.802; 95% CI: 0.719-0.896; P < 0.001) in multivariable models. AmygAC reductions partially mediated PA's CVD benefit (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.92-0.99; P < 0.05). Moreover, PA's benefit on incident CVD events was greater among those with (vs without) preexisting depression (HR: 0.860; 95% CI: 0.810-0.915; vs HR: 0.929; 95% CI: 0.910-0.949; P interaction = 0.011). Additionally, PA above guideline recommendations further reduced CVD events, but only among those with preexisting depression (P interaction = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS PA appears to reduce CVD risk in part by acting through the brain's stress-related activity; this may explain the novel observation that PA reduces CVD risk to a greater extent among individuals with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadil Zureigat
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael T Osborne
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shady Abohashem
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenechukwu Mezue
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Charbel Gharios
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simran Grewal
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alex Cardeiro
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicki Naddaf
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giovanni Civieri
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Taimur Abbasi
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Azar Radfar
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Wesam Aldosoky
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Antonia V Seligowski
- Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts, USA, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Meagan M Wasfy
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James Sawalla Guseh
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy W Churchill
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rachel P Rosovsky
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zahi Fayad
- Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony Rosenzweig
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aaron Baggish
- Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiovascular Performance Program, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Roger K Pitman
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Karmel W Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan Smoller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lisa M Shin
- Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Corrigan Minehan Heart Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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19
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Bayonas-Ruiz A, Muñoz-Franco FM, Sabater-Molina M, Martínez-González-Moro I, Gimeno-Blanes JR, Bonacasa B. Concurrent Resistance and Cardiorespiratory Training in Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2324. [PMID: 38673596 PMCID: PMC11050913 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13082324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise training in patients with HCM has evidenced benefits on functional capacity, cardiac function, and a reversion of adverse cardiac remodeling. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of a concurrent resistance and cardiorespiratory training program on functional capacity, biochemical parameters, and echocardiographic variables in a pilot group. Methods: Two HCM patients were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of individualized concurrent training with two sessions/week. Pre- and post-training data were compared for each patient. Evaluations included a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET), body composition, echocardiography, electrocardiography, and blood analysis. Results: Training promoted an increase in functional capacity (+4 mL·kg-1·min-1), ventilatory thresholds, and other CPET-derived variables associated with a better prognosis and long-term survival. Muscular mass was augmented (0.8 and 1.2 kg), along with a mean increase of 62% in upper and lower body strength. Echocardiographic features demonstrated the maintenance of cardiac function with signs of positive left ventricular remodeling and an improvement in diastolic function. Blood analyses, including cardiac troponins and NT-proBNP, displayed uneven changes in each patient, but the values fell into normal ranges in both cases. Conclusions: The available data suggest a positive effect of concurrent resistance and cardiorespiratory training on patients' functional capacity and cardiac function that may improve their functional class, quality of life, and long-term prognosis. The replication of this protocol in a larger cohort of patients is warranted to confirm these preliminary results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Bayonas-Ruiz
- Department of Physiology, Human Physiology Area, Sports Sciences Faculty, University of Murcia, C. Argentina, 19, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain;
- Research Group of Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain;
| | | | - María Sabater-Molina
- Cardiogenetic Laboratory, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain;
- European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN-Guard Heart), 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Campus, Avda. Buenavista n°32, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ignacio Martínez-González-Moro
- Research Group of Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Campus, Avda. Buenavista n°32, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Ramon Gimeno-Blanes
- European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN-Guard Heart), 1105 Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Inherited Cardiac Disease Unit (CSUR), Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain
| | - Bárbara Bonacasa
- Department of Physiology, Human Physiology Area, Sports Sciences Faculty, University of Murcia, C. Argentina, 19, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain;
- Research Group of Physical Exercise and Human Performance, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain;
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20
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Wang W, Zhou H, Qi S, Yang H, Hong X. The association between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28845. [PMID: 38596005 PMCID: PMC11002288 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk factors in adults from Nanjing, China. Methods The cross-sectional survey conducted in 2017 involved a sample of 60 283 individuals aged ≥18 years in Nanjing municipality, China. The sampling method used was multistage stratified cluster sampling. The primary outcomes from multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjusted potential confounders were the relationships between physical activities combined with dietary habits and cardiovascular risk variables. Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (S) were used to assess an additive interaction between dietary habits and physical activities. Results After adjusting potential confounders, cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with the association of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet, with the highest odds ratios (ORs) for low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (1.64, 95% CI [1.47, 1.84]) and hypertension (1.55, 95% CI [1.46, 1.64]). Additive interactions between physical inactivity and unhealthy diet were found in on cardiovascular risk factors of higher low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HLDL-c) (S, 2.57; 95% CI [1.27, 5.21]), type 2 diabetes (T2D) (S, 1.96; 95% CI [1.23, 3.13]), dyslipidemia (S, 1.69; 95% CI [1.08, 2.66]) and hypertension (S, 1.46; 95% CI [1.12, 1.89]). Their RERI was 0.39 (95% CI [0.18, 0.60]), 0.22 (95% CI [0.09, 0.35]), 0.11 (95% CI [0.03, 0.19]) and 0.17 (95% CI [0.06, 0.28]), respectively. OR of being HLDL-c, T2D, hypertension and dyslipidemia in participants of physical inactivity and unhealthy diet was 24%, 15%, 11% and 8.3%, respectively. Multiplicative interaction was detected in obesity, hypertension, T2D and HLDL-c. Conclusion An unhealthy diet and physical inactivity were strongly linked to cardiovascular risk factors. This study also showed that an unhealthy diet and physical inactivity combined to produce an additive effect on T2D, hypertension, HLDL-c, and dyslipidemia, suggesting a higher risk than the total of these factors, especially HLDL-c. Preventive strategies aimed at reducing cardiometabolic risks such as hypertension, T2D, HLDL-c, and dyslipidemia are necessary for targeting physical inactivity and unhealthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hairong Zhou
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shengxiang Qi
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huafeng Yang
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Hong
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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21
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Ringleb M, Javelle F, Haunhorst S, Bloch W, Fennen L, Baumgart S, Drube S, Reuken PA, Pletz MW, Wagner H, Gabriel HHW, Puta C. Beyond muscles: Investigating immunoregulatory myokines in acute resistance exercise - A systematic review and meta-analysis. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23596. [PMID: 38597350 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301619r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Myokines, released from the muscle, enable communication between the working muscles and other tissues. Their release during physical exercise is assumed to depend on immune-hormonal-metabolic interactions concerning mode (endurance or resistance exercise), duration, and intensity. This meta-analysis aims to examine the acute changes of circulating myokines inducing immunoregulatory effects caused by a bout of resistance exercise and to consider potential moderators of the results. Based on this selection strategy, a systematic literature search was conducted for resistance exercise intervention studies measuring interleukin (IL-) 6, IL-10, IL-1ra, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-) α, IL-15, IL-7, transforming growth factor (TGF-) β1, and fractalkines (FKN) before and immediately after resistance exercise in healthy individuals. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed for each myokine. We identified a moderate positive effect of resistance exercise for IL-6 and IL-1ra. Regarding IL-15 and TNF-α, small to moderate effects were found. For IL-10, no significant effect was observed. Due to no data, meta-analyses for IL-7, TGF-β1, and FKN could not be performed. No moderators (training status, type of exercise, risk of bias, age, sex, time of day, exercise volume, exercise intensity, exercise dose) of the results were detected for all tested myokines. Taken together, this systematic review and meta-analysis showed immediate positive effects of an acute resistance exercise session on IL-6, IL-1ra, TNF-α, and IL-15 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ringleb
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Javelle
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Simon Haunhorst
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Fennen
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabine Baumgart
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Sebastian Drube
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Philipp A Reuken
- Clinic for Internal Medicine IV (Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Mathias W Pletz
- Institute for Immunology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Institute for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Heiko Wagner
- Department of Movement Science, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Holger H W Gabriel
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Puta
- Department of Sports Medicine and Health Promotion, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Interdisciplinary Prevention of Diseases related to Professional Activities, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany
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22
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Li J, Fong DYT, Lok KYW, Wong JYH, Man Ho M, Choi EPH, Pandian V, Davidson PM, Duan W, Tarrant M, Lee JJ, Lin CC, Akingbade O, Alabdulwahhab KM, Ahmad MS, Alboraie M, Alzahrani MA, Bilimale AS, Boonpatcharanon S, Byiringiro S, Hasan MKC, Schettini LC, Corzo W, De Leon JM, De Leon AS, Deek H, Efficace F, El Nayal MA, El-Raey F, Ensaldo-Carrasco E, Escotorin P, Fadodun OA, Fawole IO, Goh YSS, Irawan D, Khan NE, Koirala B, Krishna A, Kwok C, Le TT, Leal DG, Lezana-Fernández MÁ, Manirambona E, Mantoani LC, Meneses-González F, Mohamed IE, Mukeshimana M, Nguyen CTM, Nguyen HTT, Nguyen KT, Nguyen ST, Nurumal MS, Nzabonimana A, Omer NAMA, Ogungbe O, Poon ACY, Reséndiz-Rodriguez A, Puang-Ngern B, Sagun CG, Shaik RA, Shankar NG, Sommer K, Toro E, Tran HTH, Urgel EL, Uwiringiyimana E, Vanichbuncha T, Youssef N. Key lifestyles and health outcomes across 16 prevalent chronic diseases: A network analysis of an international observational study. J Glob Health 2024; 14:04068. [PMID: 38606605 PMCID: PMC11010581 DOI: 10.7189/jogh-14-04068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Central and bridge nodes can drive significant overall improvements within their respective networks. We aimed to identify them in 16 prevalent chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to guide effective intervention strategies and appropriate resource allocation for most significant holistic lifestyle and health improvements. Methods We surveyed 16 512 adults from July 2020 to August 2021 in 30 territories. Participants self-reported their medical histories and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on 18 lifestyle factors and 13 health outcomes. For each disease subgroup, we generated lifestyle, health outcome, and bridge networks. Variables with the highest centrality indices in each were identified central or bridge. We validated these networks using nonparametric and case-dropping subset bootstrapping and confirmed central and bridge variables' significantly higher indices through a centrality difference test. Findings Among the 48 networks, 44 were validated (all correlation-stability coefficients >0.25). Six central lifestyle factors were identified: less consumption of snacks (for the chronic disease: anxiety), less sugary drinks (cancer, gastric ulcer, hypertension, insomnia, and pre-diabetes), less smoking tobacco (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), frequency of exercise (depression and fatty liver disease), duration of exercise (irritable bowel syndrome), and overall amount of exercise (autoimmune disease, diabetes, eczema, heart attack, and high cholesterol). Two central health outcomes emerged: less emotional distress (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, eczema, fatty liver disease, gastric ulcer, heart attack, high cholesterol, hypertension, insomnia, and pre-diabetes) and quality of life (anxiety, autoimmune disease, cancer, depression, diabetes, and irritable bowel syndrome). Four bridge lifestyles were identified: consumption of fruits and vegetables (diabetes, high cholesterol, hypertension, and insomnia), less duration of sitting (eczema, fatty liver disease, and heart attack), frequency of exercise (autoimmune disease, depression, and heart attack), and overall amount of exercise (anxiety, gastric ulcer, and insomnia). The centrality difference test showed the central and bridge variables had significantly higher centrality indices than others in their networks (P < 0.05). Conclusion To effectively manage chronic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic, enhanced interventions and optimised resource allocation toward central lifestyle factors, health outcomes, and bridge lifestyles are paramount. The key variables shared across chronic diseases emphasise the importance of coordinated intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Li
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kris Yuet Wan Lok
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Janet Yuen Ha Wong
- School of Nursing and Health Studies, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mandy Man Ho
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Edmond Pui Hang Choi
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Vinciya Pandian
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Patricia M Davidson
- Vice-Chancellor and Principal, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
| | - Wenjie Duan
- Department of Social Work, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Marie Tarrant
- School of Nursing, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jung Jae Lee
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chia-Chin Lin
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Oluwadamilare Akingbade
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Institute of Nursing Research, Osogbo, Osun State, Nigeria
| | | | - Mohammad Shakil Ahmad
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Alboraie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Meshari A Alzahrani
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anil S Bilimale
- School of Public Health, JSS Medical College, JSS AHER, Mysuru, India
| | | | - Samuel Byiringiro
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hiba Deek
- Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fabio Efficace
- Italian Group for Adult Hematologic Diseases (GIMEMA), Data Center and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fathiya El-Raey
- Department of hepatogastroenterology and infectious diseases, Damietta faculty of medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Pilar Escotorin
- Laboratory of Applied Prosocial Research, Department of Basic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Yong-Shian Shawn Goh
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Devi Irawan
- School of Nursing, Wijaya Husada Health Institute, Bogor, Indonesia
| | | | - Binu Koirala
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Cannas Kwok
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Health Care Science, Charles Sturt University, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Emery Manirambona
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Leandro Cruz Mantoani
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, Brazil
| | | | - Iman Elmahdi Mohamed
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
| | - Madeleine Mukeshimana
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohd Said Nurumal
- Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University, Kuantan, Malaysia
| | - Aimable Nzabonimana
- Center for Language Enhancement, College of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ceryl G Sagun
- School of Nursing, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines
| | - Riyaz Ahmed Shaik
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikhil Gauri Shankar
- Mental Health and Learning division, Wrexham Maelor Hospital, Wrexham, Wales, UK
| | - Kathrin Sommer
- Italian Group for Adult Hematologic Diseases (GIMEMA), Data Center and Health Outcomes Research Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Edgardo Toro
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, School of Social Work, Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - Elvira L Urgel
- School of Nursing, Centro Escolar University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Tita Vanichbuncha
- Department of Statistics, Chulalongkorn Business School, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naglaa Youssef
- Medical-surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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23
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Zmaili M, Alzubi J, Alkhayyat M, Albakri A, Alkhalaileh F, Longinow J, Moudgil R. Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease: The Conjoined Twins. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1450. [PMID: 38672532 PMCID: PMC11048405 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16081450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular disease are the two most common causes of death worldwide. As the fields of cardiovascular medicine and oncology continue to expand, the area of overlap is becoming more prominent demanding dedicated attention and individualized patient care. We have come to realize that both fields are inextricably intertwined in several aspects, so much so that the mere presence of one, with its resultant downstream implications, has an impact on the other. Nonetheless, cardiovascular disease and cancer are generally approached independently. The focus that is granted to the predominant pathological entity (either cardiovascular disease or cancer), does not allow for optimal medical care for the other. As a result, ample opportunities for improvement in overall health care are being overlooked. Herein, we hope to shed light on the interconnected relationship between cardiovascular disease and cancer and uncover some of the unintentionally neglected intricacies of common cardiovascular therapeutics from an oncologic standpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zmaili
- Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
| | - Jafar Alzubi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19141, USA
| | - Motasem Alkhayyat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Almaza Albakri
- Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdullah II Ben Al-Hussein Street, Amman 11855, Jordan
| | - Feras Alkhalaileh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Joshua Longinow
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Rohit Moudgil
- Robert and Suzanne Tomsich Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sydell and Arnold Miller Family Heart, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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24
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Abonie US, Addo RA, Kumah L, Ofori – Ampomah AK, Makinyi V. Effect of treadmill ambulatory training on glucose control and blood pressure in persons with type 2 diabetes: A pilot study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298179. [PMID: 38574086 PMCID: PMC10994293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lack of time is often cited by persons with type 2 diabetes for non-participation in regular exercise. This highlights the need to explores ways to help persons with type 2 diabetes to engage in an active lifestyle. This study evaluated the effect of a short duration norm intensity exercise on blood glucose and blood pressure in persons with type 2 diabetes. METHODS Twenty persons with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to either training group (n = 10) or control group (n = 10). The training group received 4-weeks ambulatory training on a motor-driven treadmill (2 x 20 min per week at 60% target heart rate). The control group received no training. Blood glucose, and systolic and diastolic blood pressures were assessed before and after the 4-weeks training. Repeated measures ANOVA were used to examine training effect. RESULTS Training significantly improved blood glucose (mean difference = -2.73; p = 0.03). No effects were found for systolic blood pressure (mean difference = -0.30; p = 0.96) and diastolic blood pressure (mean difference = -0.90; p = 0.82). CONCLUSION Training improved blood glucose but not blood pressure. A short-duration ambulatory training is an appropriate exercise mode to elicit beneficial effect, and exercise adoption in persons with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION This pilot trial is registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry at pactr.samrc.ac.za (PACTR202306601940612).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulric Sena Abonie
- Department of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Coach Lane Campus, Benton, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region-Ghana
| | - Raphael Aseye Addo
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region-Ghana
| | - Laureen Kumah
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region-Ghana
| | - Ama Kissiwaa Ofori – Ampomah
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region-Ghana
| | - Vincent Makinyi
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Volta Region-Ghana
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Dao E, Barha CK, Zou J, Wei N, Liu-Ambrose T. Prevention of Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: The Role of Physical Activity and Exercise. Stroke 2024; 55:812-821. [PMID: 38410973 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.123.044173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia, specifically cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), are the second most common cause of dementia. Currently, there are no specific pharmacological treatments for CSVD, and the use of conventional antidementia drugs is not recommended. Exercise has the potential to prevent and mitigate CSVD-related brain damage and improve cognitive function. Mechanistic pathways underlying the neurocognitive benefits of exercise include the control of vascular risk factors, improving endothelial function, and upregulating exerkines. Notably, the therapeutic efficacy of exercise may vary by exercise type (ie, aerobic versus resistance training) and biological sex; thus, studies designed specifically to examine these moderating factors within a CSVD context are needed. Furthermore, future research should prioritize resistance training interventions, given their tremendous therapeutic potential. Addressing these knowledge gaps will help us refine exercise recommendations to maximize their therapeutic impact in the prevention and mitigation of CSVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dao
- Department of Radiology (E.D.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.), Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
| | - Cindy K Barha
- Faculty of Kinesiology (C.K.B.), University of Calgary, AB, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute (C.K.B.), University of Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jammy Zou
- Department of Physical Therapy (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.), Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, BC, Canada (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
| | - Nathan Wei
- Department of Physical Therapy (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.), Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, BC, Canada (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Department of Physical Therapy, Aging, Mobility, and Cognitive Health Laboratory (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.), Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (E.D., J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
- Centre for Aging SMART at Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, BC, Canada (J.Z., N.W., T.L.-A.)
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Cabanas-Sánchez V, Duarte Junior MA, Lavie CJ, Celis-Morales C, Rodríguez-Artalejo F, Martínez-Gómez D. Physical Activity and Cause-Specific Cardiovascular Mortality Among People With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: A Cohort Study of 0.6 Million US Adults. Mayo Clin Proc 2024; 99:564-577. [PMID: 37676199 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association of physical activity (PA) with cause-specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among people with preexisting CVD and to analyze the relationship of PA with CVD-related mortality in people without CVD as well as the association of PA with nonspecific CVD mortality in both populations. PARTICIPANTS AND METHODS Of the total participants in the 1997 through 2018 US National Health Interview Survey waves, 87,959 adults with CVD and 527,185 without CVD were included. Leisure-time PA was self-reported; based on frequency and duration, minutes per week in PA were calculated and subsequently classified into: (1) none: 0 min/wk, (2) insufficient: 1 to 149.9 min/wk, (3) recommended: 150 to 300 min/wk, and (4) additional: more than 300 min/wk. Mortality data were obtained through link to records from the National Death Index. Statistical analyses were performed with Cox regression adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 8.5 years, 12,893 participants with CVD, 9943 with coronary heart disease (CHD), and 843 with stroke died of CVD mortality, diseases of heart mortality, and cerebrovascular mortality, respectively. In fully adjusted models, compared with no PA, insufficient, recommended, and additional PA were associated with 25.9%, 37.1%, and 42.0% lower risk of diseases of heart mortality among people with prior CHD, respectively. Among people with stroke, recommended and additional PA was related to 30.7% and 59.3% lower risk of cerebrovascular mortality, respectively. The protective effect of PA on cause-specific CVD mortality was greater in people with CVD than in those without prior CVD. Moreover, PA was more markedly inversely associated with cause-specific CVD mortality than with nonspecific CVD mortality in people with CVD. CONCLUSION Physical activity was strongly associated with lower risk of CVD-, CHD-, and stroke-related mortality among people with a history of these specific diseases. Health care professionals should emphasize the importance of a physically active lifestyle in patients with CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Cabanas-Sánchez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. de Canto Blanco 8, E. 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Angelo Duarte Junior
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA
| | - Carlos Celis-Morales
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK G12 8TA; Human Performance Lab, Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit, University Católica del Maule, Talca, 3466706, Chile
| | - Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. de Canto Blanco 8, E. 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Martínez-Gómez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle del Arzobispo Morcillo, 4, 28029, Madrid, Spain; CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain; IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Ctra. de Canto Blanco 8, E. 28049, Madrid, Spain
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Papassotiriou I, Riza E, Benetou V, Orfanos P. Mediterranean diet and a health behavior index in relation to cardiovascular biomarkers: Data from the Health and Retirement Study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:925-934. [PMID: 38355386 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although lifestyle factors have been repeatedly examined for their role on cardiovascular diseases, their composite effect has not been frequently explored. We aimed to investigate the relation of dietary patterns (DPs) and a health behavior index (HBI) with cardiovascular biomarkers. METHODS AND RESULTS A cross-sectional analysis with data from 3461 US residents, participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), was performed. Nutritional data were obtained with a food frequency questionnaire, while adherence to Mediterranean Diet (MD) was determined by the Mediterranean Diet Score. A posteriori DPs were estimated using principal component analysis and the HBI was constructed combining adherence to MD, smoking status, physical activity levels, alcohol consumption and body mass index. Multiple linear regression models were performed to examine the relation between DPs or HBI and levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), cystatin C (Cys C), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and TC:HDL in blood. Multiple linear regression showed that the "healthy" DP and the MD had a significant negative association with CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05), while the "Western-type" DP had a significant positive association with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C. Moreover, the HBI was positively associated with HDL (p < 0.05) and negatively associated with TC:HDL ratio, CRP and Cys C (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adherence to MD and to a healthy dietary pattern was negatively associated with biomarkers of inflammation, while the HBI was associated with a better cardiometabolic profile, assessed with blood biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionas Papassotiriou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Elena Riza
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Benetou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Philippos Orfanos
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Fiuza-Luces C, Valenzuela PL, Gálvez BG, Ramírez M, López-Soto A, Simpson RJ, Lucia A. The effect of physical exercise on anticancer immunity. Nat Rev Immunol 2024; 24:282-293. [PMID: 37794239 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-023-00943-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Regular physical activity is associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality, as well as with a lower rate of tumour recurrence. The epidemiological evidence is supported by preclinical studies in animal models showing that regular exercise delays the progression of cancer, including highly aggressive malignancies. Although the mechanisms underlying the antitumorigenic effects of exercise remain to be defined, an improvement in cancer immunosurveillance is likely important, with different immune cell subtypes stimulated by exercise to infiltrate tumours. There is also evidence that immune cells from blood collected after an exercise bout could be used as adoptive cell therapy for cancer. In this Perspective, we address the importance of muscular activity for maintaining a healthy immune system and discuss the effects of a single bout of exercise (that is, 'acute' exercise) and those of 'regular' exercise (that is, repeated bouts) on anticancer immunity, including tumour infiltrates. We also address the postulated mechanisms and the clinical implications of this emerging area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Fiuza-Luces
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
- Systems Biology Department, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Gálvez
- Physical Activity and Health Research Group ('PaHerg'), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Ramírez
- Oncohematology Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Foundation, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- La Princesa Institute of Heah, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro López-Soto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
- Instituto Universitario de Oncología del Principado de Asturias (IUOPA), Asturias, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Asturias, Spain.
| | - Richard J Simpson
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Wellness, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Alejandro Lucia
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain.
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain.
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Flores Aniotz A, Reyes-Molina D, Cigarroa I, García-Merino S, Rubio Alonso M, Pérez Ruiz M, Zapata-Lamana R. Effect of Physical Exercise Programs Based on Mobile Health and Ecological Momentary Assessment on the Physical and Mental Health, Cognitive Functions, and Social Environment of Adults in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:578. [PMID: 38674224 PMCID: PMC11052404 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60040578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Although there is strong evidence of the positive effects of physical exercise on health, adherence to face-to-face exercise programs in the adult population is low, identifying several barriers that hinder their practice. There is research that demonstrates the viability of physical exercise programs with the use of Mobile Health in Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) mode, which contributes to overcoming many reported barriers. To synthesize the methodological characteristics and health effects of physical exercise programs based on mobile health in EMA modality in adults in developing countries. Materials and Methods: This systematic review was conducted according to guidelines established by the PRISMA statement in APA PsycArticles and CINAHL databases by EBSCOhost, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science for articles published between 2008 and March 2024. Results: Telephone counseling on clinical-behavioral factors is believed to reduce morbidity and mortality in developed countries, but this aspect is not explored in developing countries. We included nine randomized controlled trials with a total of 4394 male and female participants aged 18 to 60 years. The interventions were mainly carried out by text messages, lasting between 20 to 80 min per session, 3 to 5 days per week, and most were carried out over 12 months. The interventions on the variables of physical activity, nutrition, and medical assessments showed significant effects, and variables such as quality of life and anthropometric measurements were not significant in most studies. Conclusions: This systematic review included studies from different developing countries, the most common diseases being diabetes, overweight, obesity, and hypertension. All the studies used mobile devices as the technology, finding a profile of the adults studied, as well as the characteristics of exercise programs based on mobile health in EMA modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Flores Aniotz
- Programa Vida Saludable, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile;
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte y Fisioterapia, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Reyes-Molina
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles 4440000, Chile;
- Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Igor Cigarroa
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica Silva Henríquez, Santiago 8240000, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Victoria 4720000, Chile
| | - Sonia García-Merino
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo, Spain;
| | - Margarita Rubio Alonso
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Margarita Pérez Ruiz
- Departamento Salud y Rendimiento Humano, Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte Universidad Politécnica, C. de Martín Fierro, 7, Moncloa-Aravaca, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Hong W, Luan Y, Ma Y, Zhang B, Xiong Y. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into high fat diet-induced kidney injury and moderate intensity continuous training-mediated protective effects. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27157. [PMID: 38444510 PMCID: PMC10912694 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although physics exercise has been utilized to prevent and treat a variety of metabolic diseases, its role in obesity-related kidney diseases remains poorly understood. In this study, we assessed the protective potential of moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) against high fat diet (HFD)-induced kidney injury and found that MICT could significantly reduce obesity indexes (body weight, serum glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol) and kidney injury indexes (serum creatinine and the expression of Kim-1 mRNA) in HFD-fed mice. PAS staining and Masson staining displayed that MICT maintained the morphological structure of kidney subunits and reduced kidney fibrosis in HFD-fed mice. By kidney RNA-seq, we identified several genes and pathways (Cd9, Foxq1, Mier3, TGF-β signaling pathway etc.) that might underlie HFD-induced kidney injury and MICT-mediated protective effects. In conclusion, this study revealed the protective role of MICT in HFD-induced kidney injury and suggested potential targets for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Hong
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yisheng Luan
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yingzhe Xiong
- School of Physical Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
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Huang Z, Huang R, Xu X, Fan Z, Xiong Z, Liang Q, Guo Y, Liao X, Zhuang X. Long-term physical activity time-in-target range in young adults with cardiovascular events in later life. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:461-469. [PMID: 38123512 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Achieving at least 150 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (PA) is a 'Class I, A level' recommendation for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. However, long-term PA is a complex behaviour and varied by lifetime, which was insufficiently reflected by the current studies. This study used time-in-target range (TTR) to measure the long-term PA level during young adulthood and investigated its relationship with cardiovascular events in later life. METHODS AND RESULTS Participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were recruited (n = 2902) and allocated into four groups by PA TTR: <25% (n = 1028), 25 to <50% (n = 444), 50 to <75% (n = 424), 75 to 100% (n = 1006). TTR was estimated with linear interpolation across the first 15 years. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular events. The mean (SD) age after the exposure period was 40.3 (3.6) years. After a median follow-up for an additional 18.9 years, the participants with a TTR of at least 75% had a 40% lower risk of the primary outcome (HR: 0.60; 95%CI: 0.38 to 0.95) compared with the lowest TTR group. Each 1-SD increase in TTR was also significantly associated with a 21% decreased risk of the primary outcome (HR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.65-0.97). CONCLUSION Increasing PA is essential in young adulthood. In young adults, maintaining long-term guidelines-recommended PA levels may help to lower the risk of cardiovascular events in later life. Maintaining the guidelines-recommended PA level for at least 75% of time across young adulthood may be preferable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Rihua Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation and Vascular Diseases, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510080, People's Republic of China
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Liu WY, Li HM, Jiang H, Zhang WK. Effect of exercise training on heath, quality of life, exercise capacity in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2024; 22:33. [PMID: 38438855 PMCID: PMC10910763 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-024-00967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the efficacy and safety of exercise training on juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). This study aims to investigate the effect of exercise on health, quality of life, and different exercise capacities in individuals with JIA. METHOD A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted from database inception to October, 2023. Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the effects of exercise on JIA patients. Two independent reviewers assessed the literature quality using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were combined using random or fixed effects models. The level of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. RESULT Five RCTs met the inclusion criteria, containing 216 female participants and 90 males. The meta-analysis results showed that exercise had no significant effect on JIA patients based on the Child Health Assessment Questionnaire (CHAQ) (SMD=-0.32, 95%CI: -0.83, 0.19; I2 = 73.2%, P = 0.011) and Quality of Life (QoL) (SMD = 0.27, 95%CI: -0.04, 0.58; I2 = 29.4%, P = 0.243) and no significant effect on peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). However, exercise significantly reduced visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores in JIA patients (SMD = 0.50, 95%CI: -0.90, -0.10; I2 = 50.2%, P = 0.134). The quality of evidence assessed by GRADE was moderate to very low. CONCLUSION Exercise does not significantly affect the quality of life and exercise capacity in JIA patients but may relieve pain. More RCTs are needed in the future to explore the effects of exercise on JIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Liu
- Weifang Institute of Technology, Weifang, Shandong, China
- Dongshin University, Rojo, South Jeolla, South Korea
| | - Hui-Min Li
- Yantai Gold College, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Weifang Institute of Technology, Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wen-Kui Zhang
- Dongshin University, Rojo, South Jeolla, South Korea.
- Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, East Malaysian Borneo, Sarawak, Malaysia.
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Guo D, Luo M, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Zhang D. Exercise Improves Heart Function after Myocardial Infarction: The Merits of AMPK. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2024:10.1007/s10557-024-07564-2. [PMID: 38436878 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-024-07564-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AMPK is considered an important protein signaling pathway that has been shown to exert prominent cardioprotective effects on the pathophysiological mechanisms of numerous diseases. Following myocardial infarction, severe impairment of cardiac function occurs, leading to complications such as heart failure and arrhythmia. Therefore, protecting the heart and improving cardiac function are important therapeutic goals after myocardial infarction. Currently, there is substantial ongoing research on exercise-centered rehabilitation training, positioning exercise training as a significant nonpharmacological approach for preventing and treating numerous cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE Previous studies have reported that exercise can activate AMPK phosphorylation and upregulate the AMPK signaling pathway to play a cardioprotective role in coronary artery disease, but the specific mechanism involved remains to be elucidated. CONCLUSION This review discusses the role and mechanism of the exercise-mediated AMPK pathway in improving postinfarction cardiac function through existing studies and describes the mechanism of exercise-induced myocardial repair of AMPK from multiple perspectives to formulate a reasonable and optimal exercise rehabilitation program for the prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction patients in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Dafen Guo
- Outpatient Department Office, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Mingxian Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Discipline Inspection and Supervision Office of Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
| | - Dengshen Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou, China.
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Lu Y, Lan T. Spatiotemporal trends of cardiovascular disease burden attributable to low physical activity during 1990-2019: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Public Health 2024; 228:137-146. [PMID: 38354583 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The epidemiological trends of cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden attributed to low physical activity (LPA) across various regions and countries are poorly understood. Hence, we assessed the global, regional, and national spatiotemporal trends of LPA-related CVD from 1990 to 2019. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The data on LPA-related CVD were examined with regard to sex, age, year, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI). METHODS We assessed the temporal changes in age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized death rate (ASDR) using the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) over a 30-year period. RESULTS There were a staggering 0.64 million deaths and 9.99 million disability-adjusted life-years globally attributed to LPA-related CVD in 2019. The majority of the LPA-related CVD burden was observed in the population aged ≥80 years. It also indicated a high disease burden of LPA-related CVD in Central Asia, Arabian Peninsula, and North Africa. Although there has been a decline in ASMR and ASDR associated with LPA-related CVD on a global scale, the countries experiencing the most substantial increase in LPA-related CVD burden are Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. The ASMR and ASDR remained stable in regions with low, low-middle, and middle SDI levels. The EAPCs of ASMR and ASDR were negatively linked with SDI in 2019. CONCLUSIONS From 1990 to 2019, LPA led to a significant and escalating burden of CVD in certain regions, namely, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and Azerbaijan. It is imperative for governments and policymakers to implement regulatory measures and strategic interventions aimed at mitigating this burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Breast Surgery, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310007, People's Republic of China.
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Seligowski AV, Grewal SS, Abohashem S, Zureigat H, Qamar I, Aldosoky W, Gharios C, Hanlon E, Alani O, Bollepalli SC, Armoundas A, Fayad ZA, Shin LM, Osborne MT, Tawakol A. PTSD increases risk for major adverse cardiovascular events through neural and cardio-inflammatory pathways. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 117:149-154. [PMID: 38218349 PMCID: PMC10932910 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
While posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is known to associate with an elevated risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), few studies have examined mechanisms underlying this link. Recent studies have demonstrated that neuro-immune mechanisms, (manifested by heightened stress-associated neural activity (SNA), autonomic nervous system activity, and inflammation), link common stress syndromes to MACE. However, it is unknown if neuro-immune mechanisms similarly link PTSD to MACE. The current study aimed to test the hypothesis that upregulated neuro-immune mechanisms increase MACE risk among individuals with PTSD. This study included N = 118,827 participants from a large hospital-based biobank. Demographic, diagnostic, and medical history data collected from the biobank. SNA (n = 1,520), heart rate variability (HRV; [n = 11,463]), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; [n = 15,164]) were obtained for a subset of participants. PTSD predicted MACE after adjusting for traditional MACE risk factors (hazard ratio (HR) [95 % confidence interval (CI)] = 1.317 [1.098, 1.580], β = 0.276, p = 0.003). The PTSD-to-MACE association was mediated by SNA (CI = 0.005, 0.133, p < 0.05), HRV (CI = 0.024, 0.056, p < 0.05), and hs-CRP (CI = 0.010, 0.040, p < 0.05). This study provides evidence that neuro-immune pathways may play important roles in the mechanisms linking PTSD to MACE. Future studies are needed to determine if these markers are relevant targets for PTSD treatment and if improvements in SNA, HRV, and hs-CRP associate with reduced MACE risk in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia V Seligowski
- Deparment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Simran S Grewal
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shady Abohashem
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hadil Zureigat
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Iqra Qamar
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wesam Aldosoky
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charbel Gharios
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Erin Hanlon
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Omar Alani
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Antonis Armoundas
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zahi A Fayad
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lisa M Shin
- Deparment of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA
| | - Michael T Osborne
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ahmed Tawakol
- Cardiovascular Imaging Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Randolph JJ, Lacritz LH, Colvin MK, Espe-Pfeifer P, Carter KR, Arnett PA, Fox-Fuller J, Aduen PA, Cullum CM, Sperling SA. Integrating Lifestyle Factor Science into Neuropsychological Practice: A National Academy of Neuropsychology Education Paper. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 39:121-139. [PMID: 37873931 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim of this paper is to review evidence and clinical implications related to lifestyle activities associated with promoting brain and cognitive health. Our review targets four key lifestyle factors: physical activity and exercise, social engagement, cognitively stimulating activity, and consuming Mediterranean-style diets. METHOD We conducted a critical review of the lifestyle factor literature in the four domains listed earlier. We contextualize this literature review by translating findings, when possible, into evidence-based recommendations to consider when providing neuropsychological services. RESULTS There is significant current evidence supporting the role of physical activity and exercise, social engagement, cognitively stimulating activity, and consuming Mediterranean-style diets on positive brain and cognitive health outcomes. While some null findings are present in all four areas reviewed, the weight of the evidence supports the notion that engaging in these activities may promote brain and cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS Clinical neuropsychologists can have confidence in recommending engagement in physical activity, social activity, and cognitively stimulating activity, and adhering to a Mediterranean-style diet to promote brain and cognitive health. We discuss limitations in existing lifestyle factor research and future directions to enhance the existing evidence base, including additional research with historically underrepresented groups and individuals with neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Randolph
- Department of Psychiatry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Randolph Neuropsychology Associates, PLLC, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Laura H Lacritz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Mary K Colvin
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Patricia Espe-Pfeifer
- Department of Psychiatry & Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Peter A Arnett
- Psychology Department, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Joshua Fox-Fuller
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paula A Aduen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - C Munro Cullum
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Scott A Sperling
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Department of Neurology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Thomas E, Ficarra S, Nakamura M, Drid P, Trivic T, Bianco A. The Effects of Stretching Exercise on Levels of Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2024; 10:15. [PMID: 38334888 PMCID: PMC10858005 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00661-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity plays an important role in the management of blood glucose levels. However, compelling evidence exists only for aerobic and resistance training. In this review, we aimed to identify the potential effects of stretching exercises on blood glucose levels. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using the following databases: Scopus, NLM PubMed, and Web of Science. Studies regarding the effects of stretching exercise in humans on blood glucose or any related variable were included. Further inclusion criteria were: (1) original articles (published from database inception to October 2022), (2) applying stretching as a unique exercise modality, (3) having either longitudinal or acute interventions, (4) including healthy and pathological populations, and (5) having within each study a pre- and post-intervention measure. Quality assessment of the studies was conducted using the Downs and Black checklist. RESULTS A total of 13 articles were included. The quality assessment revealed an overall moderate quality of the included records. Ten articles included patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), whereas the remaining three included at-risk populations. A total of 731 people with a mean age of 56.7 ± 6.1 years old were analysed. Fasting blood glucose, 2 h post-oral glucose uptake, post-stretching intervention blood glucose levels, and HbA1c were identified as variables related to blood glucose within the studies. After the stretching interventions, a significant reduction was observed in either blood glucose (ES = - 0.79; p = 0.0174) or HbA1c (ES = - 1.11; p = < 0.0001). Meta-analytic results highlighted greater effects in T2D patients (ES = - 1.15; p = 0.02) and for studies applying stretching as an exercise intervention (ES = - 1.27; p = 0.006) rather than considering stretching as a control exercise modality. CONCLUSION The results of this systematic review highlight the potential of stretching exercises to reduce blood glucose levels. In particular, if stretching is applied as a specific form of exercise intervention in patients with T2D greater effects are observed. However, further studies with more solid research designs are required, therefore, caution is needed before prescribing stretching as an exercise intervention for glycaemic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewan Thomas
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Salvatore Ficarra
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
| | - Masatoshi Nakamura
- Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Nishi Kyushu University, 4490-9 Ozaki, Kanzaki, Saga, 842-8585, Japan
| | - Patrik Drid
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Trivic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Antonino Bianco
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, Via Giovanni Pascoli 6, 90144, Palermo, Italy
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Martín-Vírgala J, Martín-Carro B, Fernández-Villabrille S, Ruiz-Torres MP, Gómez-Alonso C, Rodríguez-García M, Fernández-Martín JL, Alonso-Montes C, Panizo S, Cannata-Andía JB, Naves-Díaz M, Carrillo-López N. Soluble Klotho, a Potential Biomarker of Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral Bone Disorders Involved in Healthy Ageing: Lights and Shadows. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1843. [PMID: 38339121 PMCID: PMC10855561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of Klotho, interest grew in its potential role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). There are three isoforms of the Klotho protein: αKlotho, βKlotho and γKlotho. This review will focus on αKlotho due to its relevance as a biomarker in CKD. αKlotho is synthesized mainly in the kidneys, but it can be released into the bloodstream and urine as soluble Klotho (sKlotho), which undertakes systemic actions, independently or in combination with FGF23. It is usually accepted that sKlotho levels are reduced early in CKD and that lower levels of sKlotho might be associated with the main chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorders (CKD-MBDs): cardiovascular and bone disease. However, as results are inconsistent, the applicability of sKlotho as a CKD-MBD biomarker is still a matter of controversy. Much of the inconsistency can be explained due to low sample numbers, the low quality of clinical studies, the lack of standardized assays to assess sKlotho and a lack of consensus on sample processing, especially in urine. In recent decades, because of our longer life expectancies, the prevalence of accelerated-ageing diseases, such as CKD, has increased. Exercise, social interaction and caloric restriction are considered key factors for healthy ageing. While exercise and social interaction seem to be related to higher serum sKlotho levels, it is not clear whether serum sKlotho might be influenced by caloric restriction. This review focuses on the possible role of sKlotho as a biomarker in CKD-MBD, highlighting the difference between solid knowledge and areas requiring further research, including the role of sKlotho in healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Martín-Vírgala
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Martín-Carro
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara Fernández-Villabrille
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María Piedad Ruiz-Torres
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Área 5—Fisiología y Fisiopatología Renal y Vascular del Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Physiology Unit, Department of Systems Biology, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871 Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Carlos Gómez-Alonso
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Minerva Rodríguez-García
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Nephrology Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - José Luis Fernández-Martín
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Alonso-Montes
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara Panizo
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Jorge B. Cannata-Andía
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Department of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, 33011 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Natalia Carrillo-López
- Metabolismo Óseo, Vascular y Enfermedades Inflamatorias Crónicas, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
- Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS2040, Kidney Disease), 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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Zhao R. Exercise mimetics: a novel strategy to combat neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:40. [PMID: 38308368 PMCID: PMC10837901 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the stimulation of resident immune cells of the brain and the penetration of peripheral immune cells. These inflammatory processes facilitate the deposition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and the abnormal hyperphosphorylation of tau protein. Managing neuroinflammation to restore immune homeostasis and decrease neuronal damage is a therapeutic approach for AD. One way to achieve this is through exercise, which can improve brain function and protect against neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and synaptic dysfunction in AD models. The neuroprotective impact of exercise is regulated by various molecular factors that can be activated in the same way as exercise by the administration of their mimetics. Recent evidence has proven some exercise mimetics effective in alleviating neuroinflammation and AD, and, additionally, they are a helpful alternative option for patients who are unable to perform regular physical exercise to manage neurodegenerative disorders. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on exercise mimetics, including their efficacy, regulatory mechanisms, progress, challenges, limitations, and future guidance for their application in AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renqing Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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40
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Urbano-Mairena J, Mendoza-Muñoz M, Carlos-Vivas J, Pastor-Cisneros R, Castillo-Paredes A, Rodal M, Muñoz-Bermejo L. Role of Satisfaction with Life, Sex and Body Mass Index in Physical Literacy of Spanish Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:181. [PMID: 38397293 PMCID: PMC10886828 DOI: 10.3390/children11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Physical activity (PL) is essential to achieve good health, prevent cardiovascular diseases, obesity and overweight, as well as to achieve a better quality of life. Therefore, PL could become the tool to increase the practice of physical activity among young people, thus increasing life satisfaction (LS) given its positive relationship with physical activity. A single-measure cross-sectional correlational study was carried out, involving 135 children aged 8-12 years from Extremadura. They were administered the SWLS questionnaire and the Canadian assessment of physical literacy (CAPL-2). Significantly higher levels of PL (p = 0.010) were found in normal-weight children compared to overweight and obese children, due to the physical competence domain score (p < 0.001). PL was directly related to SWLS (p < 0.001), but inversely related to BMI (p = 0.018). The daily physical activity behaviour domain was explained by SWLS (p < 0.001) and sex (p < 0.001). Physical competence was described by SWLS (p < 0.001) and BMI (p = 0.045). Finally, the motivation and confidence domain were only significantly associated with SWLS (p < 0.001). It was concluded that boys and girls of normal weight achieved higher levels of PL and LS than those with overweight and obesity, establishing a negative relationship of PL with BMI and positive with LS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Urbano-Mairena
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.U.-M.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - María Mendoza-Muñoz
- Research Group on Physical and Health Literacy and Health-Related Quality of Life (PHYQOL), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Carlos-Vivas
- Physical Activity for Education, Performance and Health (PAEPH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain;
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PHeSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain; (J.U.-M.); (R.P.-C.)
| | - Antonio Castillo-Paredes
- Grupo Investigación en Actividad Física y Salud Escolar, Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física (AFySE), Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Santiago 8370040, Chile;
| | - Miguel Rodal
- BioErgon Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain;
| | - Laura Muñoz-Bermejo
- Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH), University Centre of Mérida, University of Extremadura, 06800 Merida, Spain;
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Boutonnet L, Mallard J, Charles AL, Hucteau E, Gény B, Lejay A, Grandperrin A. Autologous mitochondrial transplantation in male mice as a strategy to prevent deleterious effects of peripheral ischemia-reperfusion. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C449-C456. [PMID: 38145293 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00639.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) is known to induce severe tissue damage, notably through mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy in cardiac IR; however, few studies have previously assessed its efficacy in the context of peripheral IR. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the effect of mitochondrial transplantation in a hindlimb model of IR injury. Thirty-six SWISS mice were divided into three groups: control (CTL, n = 12), ischemia-reperfusion (IR, n = 12), and IR with mitochondrial transplantation (MT, n = 12). Ischemia (2 h) was induced using the tourniquet model around the right hind limb in the IR and MT groups. In MT group, mitochondria isolated from the right rectus muscle, a nonischemic region, were injected shortly before reperfusion. Mitochondrial respiration, calcium retention capacity, and Western blotting analysis were performed 2 h after reperfusion. Compared with the CTL group, IR led to a decrease in the mitochondrial respiratory capacity, particularly for the basal state (-30%; P = 0.015), oxidative phosphorylation (-36%; P = 0.024), and calcium retention capacity (-45%; P = 0.007). Interestingly, mitochondrial transplantation partially restored these functions since no differences between MT and CTL groups were found. In addition, the administration of healthy mitochondria resulted in a positive regulation of redox balance and mitochondrial dynamics within the skeletal muscle. Although further investigations are needed to better characterize underlying mechanisms, mitochondrial transplantation represents a promising strategy in the setting of IR-induced muscular damage.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to severe muscular damage. Even if prompt revascularization is the treatment of choice, muscular alterations can lead to severe sequalae as mitochondrial dysfunction. Accordingly, adjunctive strategies are needed to overcome the muscular damage. Mitochondrial transplantation has shown beneficial effects in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion, but its role in peripheral muscle is not well established. In this study, we found that mitochondrial transplantation partially restored muscular function when submitted to ischemia reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauréline Boutonnet
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Joris Mallard
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Sports Science, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Elyse Hucteau
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Sports Science, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Gény
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Physiology and Functional Explorations, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Lejay
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Kidney Transplantation, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Antoine Grandperrin
- Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscular Protection Laboratory (UR 3072), Biomedicine Research Centre of Strasbourg CRBS, Strasbourg, France
- Faculty of Sports Science, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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Gorman RA, Yakobov S, Polidovitch N, Debi R, Sanfrancesco VC, Hood DA, Lakin R, Backx PH. The effects of daily dose of intense exercise on cardiac responses and atrial fibrillation. J Physiol 2024; 602:569-596. [PMID: 38319954 DOI: 10.1113/jp285697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a supraventricular tachyarrhythmia that is strongly associated with cardiovascular (CV) disease and sedentary lifestyles. Despite the benefits of exercise on overall health, AF incidence in high-level endurance athletes rivals that of CV disease patients, suggesting a J-shaped relationship with AF. To investigate the dependence of AF vulnerability on exercise, we varied daily swim durations (120, 180 or 240 min day-1 ) in 7-week-old male CD1 mice. We assessed mice after performing equivalent amounts of cumulative work during swimming (i.e. ∼700 L O2 kg-1 ), as determined from O2 consumption rates (V ̇ O 2 ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$ ). The meanV ̇ O 2 ${\dot V_{{{\mathrm{O}}_2}}}$ during exercise increased progressively throughout the training period and was indistinguishable between the swim groups. Consistent with similar improvements in aerobic conditioning induced by swimming, skeletal muscle mitochondria content increased (P = 0.027) indistinguishably between exercise groups. Physiological ventricular remodelling, characterized by mild hypertrophy and left ventricular dilatation, was also similar between exercised mice without evidence of ventricular arrhythmia inducibility. By contrast, prolongation of daily swim durations caused progressive and vagal-dependent heart rate reductions (P = 0.008), as well as increased (P = 0.005) AF vulnerability. As expected, vagal inhibition prolonged (P = 0.013) atrial refractoriness, leading to reduced AF vulnerability, although still inducible in the 180 and 240 min swim groups. Accordingly, daily swim dose progressively increased atrial hypertrophy (P = 0.003), fibrosis (P < 0.001) and macrophage accumulation (P = 0.006) without differentially affecting the ventricular tissue properties. Thus, increasing daily exercise duration drives progressively adverse atrial-specific remodelling and vagal-dependent AF vulnerability despite robust and beneficial aerobic conditioning and physiological remodelling of ventricles and skeletal muscle. KEY POINTS: Previous studies have suggested that a J-shaped dose-response relationship exists between physical activity and cardiovascular health outcomes, with moderate exercise providing protection against many cardiovascular disease conditions, whereas chronic endurance exercise can promote atrial fibrillation (AF). We found that AF vulnerability increased alongside elevated atrial hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation as daily swim exercise durations in mice were prolonged (i.e. ≥180 min day-1 for 6 weeks). The MET-h week-1 (based on O2 measurements during swimming) needed to induce increased AF vulnerability mirrored the levels linked to AF in athletes. These adverse atria effects associated with excessive daily exercise occurred despite improved aerobic conditioning, skeletal muscle adaptation and physiological ventricular remodelling. We suggest that atrial-specific changes observed with exercise arise from excessive elevations in venous filling pressures during prolonged exercise bouts, which we argue has implications for all AF patients because elevated atrial pressures occur in most cardiovascular disease conditions as well as ageing which are linked to AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée A Gorman
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simona Yakobov
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Ryan Debi
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Victoria C Sanfrancesco
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David A Hood
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Lakin
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Peter H Backx
- Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Baldanzi G, Sayols-Baixeras S, Ekblom-Bak E, Ekblom Ö, Dekkers KF, Hammar U, Nguyen D, Ahmad S, Ericson U, Arvidsson D, Börjesson M, Johanson PJ, Smith JG, Bergström G, Lind L, Engström G, Ärnlöv J, Kennedy B, Orho-Melander M, Fall T. Accelerometer-based physical activity is associated with the gut microbiota in 8416 individuals in SCAPIS. EBioMedicine 2024; 100:104989. [PMID: 38301483 PMCID: PMC10844941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2024.104989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous population-based studies investigating the relationship between physical activity and the gut microbiota have relied on self-reported activity, prone to reporting bias. Here, we investigated the associations of accelerometer-based sedentary (SED), moderate-intensity (MPA), and vigorous-intensity (VPA) physical activity with the gut microbiota using cross-sectional data from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study. METHODS In 8416 participants aged 50-65, time in SED, MPA, and VPA were estimated with hip-worn accelerometer. Gut microbiota was profiled using shotgun metagenomics of faecal samples. We applied multivariable regression models, adjusting for sociodemographic, lifestyle, and technical covariates, and accounted for multiple testing. FINDINGS Overall, associations between time in SED and microbiota species abundance were in opposite direction to those for MPA or VPA. For example, MPA was associated with lower, while SED with higher abundance of Escherichia coli. MPA and VPA were associated with higher abundance of the butyrate-producers Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia spp. We observed discrepancies between specific VPA and MPA associations, such as a positive association between MPA and Prevotella copri, while no association was detected for VPA. Additionally, SED, MPA and VPA were associated with the functional potential of the microbiome. For instance, MPA was associated with higher capacity for acetate synthesis and SED with lower carbohydrate degradation capacity. INTERPRETATION Our findings suggest that sedentary and physical activity are associated with a similar set of gut microbiota species but in opposite directions. Furthermore, the intensity of physical activity may have specific effects on certain gut microbiota species. FUNDING European Research Council, Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Baldanzi
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sergi Sayols-Baixeras
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; CIBER Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elin Ekblom-Bak
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Örjan Ekblom
- Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Koen F Dekkers
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ulf Hammar
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Diem Nguyen
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Shafqat Ahmad
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Preventive Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ulrika Ericson
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Daniel Arvidsson
- Center for Health and Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mats Börjesson
- Center for Lifestyle Intervention, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Geriatric and Acute Medicine Östra, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter J Johanson
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Gustav Smith
- The Wallenberg Laboratory/Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Gothenburg University and the Department of Cardiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University and Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden; Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine and Lund University Diabetes Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Göran Bergström
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Lind
- Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Engström
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden; School of Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Beatrice Kennedy
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Tove Fall
- Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Cai X, Liu M, Xu X, Zhang S, Huang R, Wang P, He L, Chen Z, Liu Z, Zhou Y, Guo Y, Zhuang X, Liao X. Cardiovascular effects of weight loss in old adults with overweight/obesity according to change in skeletal muscle mass. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:342-351. [PMID: 38108096 PMCID: PMC10834329 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes are encouraged to lose weight, but not all losing weight gain better cardiovascular health, especially old adults. The change in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) could be the key that explains the heterogenous cardiovascular effects of weight loss. This study aims to assess whether the cardiovascular effects of weight loss vary for those gaining skeletal muscle along with weight loss. METHODS The old adults with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes in the Look AHEAD study having muscle measurement from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were included. Based on the weight change (WC) and SMM change (SMMC) between baseline and the 4-year follow-up, participants were allocated into three groups-weight gain (WG) group, weight loss with muscle loss (WL-ML) group and weight loss with muscle gain (WL-MG) group. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed to evaluate the cardiovascular risk of those gaining or losing SMM with weight loss compared with those gaining weight. Among the participants with weight loss, the ratio of SMMC/WC was calculated, and the association of SMMC/WC with primary cardiovascular outcome was assessed. RESULTS A total of 491 participants were included in the study with an average age of 64.56 ± 3.81 years old. A total of 47.0% were male and 49.9% were from the intensive lifestyle intervention arm. Based on their WC and SMMC, 43 were assigned to the WG group, 373 to the WL-ML group and 75 to the WL-MG group. Over a follow-up of almost 10 years, 97 participants encountered the primary endpoint. The WG group had the highest incidence of 25.59%, the WL-MG group had the lowest incidence of 9.33% and the WL-ML group had 21.18% (P = 0.040). In the fourth adjusted Cox model, the WL-MG group achieved significantly decreased odds of the primary endpoint compared with the WG group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.12, 0.87], P = 0.026), whilst the WL-ML group did not (HR 0.91, 95% CI [0.47, 1.78], P = 0.670). Among the participants with weight loss, when SMMC/WC reached around 50%, this HR soared to approximately two-fold. CONCLUSIONS The participants gaining SMM along with weight loss achieved the lowest odds of adverse cardiovascular events, whilst those who lost SMM along with weight loss had comparable cardiovascular risk with those gaining weight. The more muscle lost during weight loss, the greater the harm. The cardiovascular effects of weight loss were modulated by whether the participants gained SMM meanwhile losing weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Menghui Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfeng Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaozhao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rihua Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lixiang He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuohui Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zishan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinxue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Zaman S, Raj IS, Yang AWH, Lindner R, Denham J. Exercise training reduces arterial stiffness in women with high blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hypertens 2024; 42:197-204. [PMID: 37851002 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The acute and long-term benefits of exercise on cardiovascular health are well established, yet the optimal mode of exercise training that improves arterial stiffness in women with high blood pressure remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the influence of aerobic and resistance training on arterial stiffness in women with high blood pressure. After an extensive search of four online databases, six randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria and were included in meta-analyses. Data were extracted from six studies examining the influence of exercise on arterial stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD). Whereas aerobic exercise significantly reduced arterial PWV in women with high blood pressure after long-term training [SMD -1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.34 to -1.40], resistance training had a more modest effect that was borderline statistically significant (SMD -0.31, 95% CI -0.65 to 0.03). These findings suggest regular long-term aerobic exercise training (i.e. 12-20 week interventions) reduces arterial stiffness in women with high blood pressure. Although not statistically significant, the modest number of included trials and lack of publication bias encourages further assessments on the efficacy of resistance exercise for improving arterial stiffness in women with high blood pressure. Given the unique benefits of aerobic and resistance training, particularly for postmenopausal women (e.g. bone health and muscular strength), both modes of training should be encouraged for women with high blood pressure to enhance arterial function and support favorable cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadman Zaman
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Isaac Selva Raj
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria
- Edith Cowan University, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Joondalup, Western Australia
| | | | - Robert Lindner
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria
| | - Joshua Denham
- RMIT University, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Melbourne, Victoria
- University of Southern Queensland, School of Health and Medical Sciences
- Centre for Health Research, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
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Chen W, Ma M, Song Y, Hua Y, Jia H, Liu J, Wang Y. Exercise Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Mitophagy Through M 2 Acetylcholine Receptor. Antioxid Redox Signal 2024; 40:209-221. [PMID: 37294203 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Adaptive changes in the heart by exercise have been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, and M2 Acetylcholine receptor (M2AChR), a receptor abundantly present on cardiac parasympathetic nerves, is closely associated with the development of cardiovascular disease. The present study intends to investigate whether exercise can regulate endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and mitophagy through M2AChR to resist myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and to elucidate its mechanism of action. Results: Exercise enhanced parasympathetic nerve function and increased myocardial M2AChR protein expression in I/R rats. In addition, it promoted the protein expression of MFN2 and inhibited the expression of Drp1, Chop, PINK1/Parkin, and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling pathways, effectively reducing mitophagy, ERS, and apoptosis. At the cellular level, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR) reduced hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced ERS through the downregulated expression of PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 pathway proteins in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. When intervened with M2AChR inhibitors, the levels of ERS and phosphorylation levels of the PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 pathway were increased in H/R cells. Innovation and Conclusion: Exercise intervention activated the parasympathetic state in rats. It inhibited myocardial mitophagy and ERS levels, and reduced myocardial apoptosis through M2AChR, thereby resisting I/R-induced myocardial injury and improving cardiac function. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 209-221.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
- School of Educational Science, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China
| | - Mei Ma
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yinping Song
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yijie Hua
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jia
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Youhua Wang
- Institute of Sports and Exercise Biology, School of Physical Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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van Hattum JC, Daems JJN, Verwijs SM, Wismans LV, van Diepen MA, Groenink M, Boekholdt SM, Planken RN, van Randen A, Hirsch A, Moen MH, Pinto YM, Wilde AAM, Jørstad HT. Long-term cardiac follow-up of athletes infected with SARS-CoV-2 after resumption of elite-level sports. Heart 2024; 110:254-262. [PMID: 37678891 PMCID: PMC10850658 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Longitudinal consequences and potential interactions of COVID-19 and elite-level sports and exercise are unclear. Therefore, we determined the long-term detrimental cardiac effects of the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the highest level of sports and exercise. METHODS This prospective controlled study included elite athletes from the Evaluation of Lifetime participation in Intensive Top-level sports and Exercise cohort. Athletes infected with SARS-CoV-2were offered structured, additional cardiovascular screenings, including cardiovascular MRI (CMR). We compared ventricular volumes and function, late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and T1 relaxation times, between infected and non-infected elite athletes, and collected follow-up data on cardiac adverse events, ventricular arrhythmia burden and the cessation of sports careers. RESULTS We included 259 elite athletes (mean age 26±5 years; 40% women), of whom 123 were infected (9% cardiovascular symptoms) and 136 were controls. We found no differences in function and volumetric CMR parameters. Four infected athletes (3%) demonstrated LGE (one reversible), compared with none of the controls. During the 26.7 (±5.8) months follow-up, all four athletes resumed elite-level sports, without an increase in ventricular arrhythmias or adverse cardiac remodelling. None of the infected athletes reported new cardiac symptoms or events. The majority (n=118; 96%) still participated in elite-level sports; no sports careers were terminated due to SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS This prospective study demonstrates the safety of resuming elite-level sports after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The medium-term risks associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and elite-level sports appear low, as the resumption of elite sports did not lead to detrimental cardiac effects or increases in clinical events, even in the four elite athletes with SARS-CoV-2 associated myocardial involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette C van Hattum
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joëlle J N Daems
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd M Verwijs
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Leonoor V Wismans
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A van Diepen
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Groenink
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Matthijs Boekholdt
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Nils Planken
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Adrienne van Randen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hirsch
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten H Moen
- Dutch National Olympic Committee & National Sports Federation, High-Performance Team, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Yigal M Pinto
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harald T Jørstad
- Department of Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Leo DG, Proietti R. A New Player in the Game: Can Exergame Be of Support in the Management of Atrial Fibrillation? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:172. [PMID: 38256432 PMCID: PMC10819072 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common form of cardiac arrhythmia, currently affecting 2-3% of the world's population. Traditional exercise and physical activity interventions have been successfully implemented in the management of AF, with the aim of improving patients' quality of life and their exercise capacity, as well as reducing their mortality rate. Currently, new technology-mediated approaches to exercise, defined as exergame, have been shown to be successful in the delivery of exercise home-based interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, data on the effects of exergame on AF are not yet available. In this paper, we summarise the current literature on the role of traditional exercise in AF and how it affects the pathophysiology of this condition. We also review the current literature on exergame and its employment in cardiac rehabilitation and suggest its potential role in the management of AF patients. A review of the evidence suggests that traditional exercise (of light-to-moderate intensity) is beneficial in patients with AF. Additionally, exergame seems to be a promising approach for delivering exercise interventions in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Exergame may be a promising tool to improve the quality of life and exercise capacity in patients with AF, with the additional advantage of being remotely delivered, and the potential to increase patients' engagement. Proper guidelines are required to prescribe exergame interventions, considering the principles of traditional exercise prescription and applying them to this new e-health approach. Further studies are needed to validate the use of exergame in patients with AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Giuseppe Leo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L8 7TX, UK
| | - Riccardo Proietti
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L8 7TX, UK
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Vazquez-Guajardo M, Rivas D, Duque G. Exercise as a Therapeutic Tool in Age-Related Frailty and Cardiovascular Disease: Challenges and Strategies. Can J Cardiol 2024:S0828-282X(24)00013-8. [PMID: 38215969 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the link between heart disease and frailty in older adults is crucial. Although medical progress has extended life, it has not fully addressed the decline in function and quality of life in frail older people. Frailty is a state of vulnerability to health stressors that needs comprehensive solutions. Its assessment within health care, especially in cardiology, is important owing to its association with worse clinical outcomes. Recent evidence and guidelines suggest that the prescription of a comprehensive exercise regimen, tailored to progressively include strength, balance, mobility, and endurance training improves adherence, functionality, and health-related quality of life, in both acute and chronic cardiovascular diseases. In addition, exercise is a vital tool that improves function, targets frailty, and holistically affects the body's systems. Still, many frail people do not exercise enough, and when they do, they usually do not follow an appropriate plan tailored for better functional outcomes. Overcoming barriers and limitations in exercise enrollment and adherence through strategies such as automated cardiac rehabilitation referral, patient education, and eHealth tools can notably improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Rivas
- Bone, Muscle and Geroscience Research Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gustavo Duque
- Bone, Muscle and Geroscience Research Group, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Geriatric Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Qian H, Zuo Y, Wen S, Wang X, Liu Y, Li T. Impact of exercise training on gut microbiome imbalance in obese individuals: a study based on Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1264931. [PMID: 38235382 PMCID: PMC10792044 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1264931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between exercise and gut Microbiome and to assess its possible causality. Methods: Using Mendelian randomization (MR) research methods, we collected genetic data from different populations, including genetic variants associated with relative abundance or presence of microbial taxa as instrumental variables. At the same time, we extracted results related to obesity and gut Microbiome from existing relevant studies and used inverse variance weighting (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger regression to assess the causal relationship between obesity and gut Microbiome. We plotted forest plots and scatter plots of the association between obesity and gut Microbiome. Results: Gut Microbiome was positively associated with obesity, and four bacterial genera (Akkermansia, RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania, and Intestinimonas) were associated with obesity according to inverse variance-weighted estimation in at least one MR method. Inverse variance weighted estimation showed that obesity was associated with obesity in Akkermansia (OR = 0.810, 95% CI 0.608-1.079, p = 0.04), RuminococcaceaeUCG011 (OR = 1.238, 95% CI 0. 511-2.999, p = 0.04), Holdemania Intestinimonas (OR = 1.214, 95% CI 1.002-1.470, p = 0.03), and Intestinimonas (OR = 0.747, 95% CI 0.514-1.086, p = 0.01) had a relevant effect. Obesity decreased the abundance of Akkermansia, Intestinimonas microbiome and increased the abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania microbiome. Conclusion: The results of this study, conducted using a two-sample Mendelian randomization method, suggest a causal relationship between obesity and intestinal microbiome. Obesity decreased the abundance of Akkermansia, Intestinimonas microbiome and increased the abundance of RuminococcaceaeUCG011, Holdemania microbiome. More randomized controlled trials are necessary to elucidate the protective effects of exercise on gut Microbiome and its unique protective mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Qian
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuxin Zuo
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shixiong Wen
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Xilong Wang
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yaowen Liu
- Department of Physical Education, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tianwei Li
- The University of Edinburgh, Physical Activity for Health Research Center, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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