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Yuan J, Zhang J, Zhao B, Liu F, Liu T, Duan Y, Chen Y, Chen X, Zou Y, Zhang L, Guo Y, Yang W, Yang Y, Wei J, Zhu X, Zhang Y. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the immune microenvironment in pediatric acute leukemia. Cancer Lett 2024; 596:217018. [PMID: 38844062 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Relapse and treatment resistance pose significant challenges in the management of pediatric B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The efficacy of immunotherapy in leukemia remains limited due to factors such as the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and lack of suitable immunotherapeutic targets. Thus, an in-depth characterization of the TME in pediatric leukemia is warranted to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to characterize the TME of pediatric B-ALL and AML, focusing specifically on bone-marrow-derived T cells. Moreover, we investigated the transcriptome changes during the initiation, remission, and relapse stages of pediatric AML. Our findings revealed that specific functional expression programs correlated with fluctuations in various T cell subsets, which may be associated with AML progression and relapse. Furthermore, our analysis of cellular communication networks led to the identification of VISTA, CD244, and TIM3 as potential immunotherapeutic targets in pediatric AML. Finally, we detected elevated proportions of γδ T cells and associated functional genes in samples from pediatric patients diagnosed with B-ALL and AML, which could inform the development of novel therapeutic approaches, potentially focusing on γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China.
| | - Jingliao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Beibei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Yongjuan Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Yumei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China; Department of Family Planning, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China.
| | - Xiaofan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China.
| | - Yingchi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology & Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College., Tianjin, China.
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2
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Liu J, Wu M, Yang Y, Wang Z, He S, Tian X, Wang H. γδ T cells and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis: a love-hate relationship in the tumor microenvironment. J Transl Med 2024; 22:553. [PMID: 38858763 PMCID: PMC11163710 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05327-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamma delta (γδ) T cells demonstrate strong cytotoxicity against diverse cancer cell types in an MHC-independent manner, rendering them promising contenders for cancer therapy. Although amplification and adoptive transfer of γδ T cells are being evaluated in the clinic, their therapeutic efficacy remains unsatisfactory, primarily due to the influence of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, the utilization of targeted therapeutic antibodies against inhibitory immune checkpoint (ICP) molecules is a viable approach to counteract the immunosuppressive consequences of the TME. Notably, PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors are considered primary treatment options for diverse malignancies, with the objective of preserving the response of αβ T cells. However, γδ T cells also infiltrate various human cancers and are important participants in cancer immunity, thereby influencing patient prognosis. Hence, it is imperative to comprehend the reciprocal impact of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis on γδ T cells. This understanding can serve as a therapeutic foundation for improving γδ T cells adoptive transfer therapy and may offer a novel avenue for future combined immunotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zixuan Wang
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shan He
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academician Expert Workstation, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, Hubei, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Cancer Biology Research Center (Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education), Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Wiesheu R, Edwards SC, Hedley A, Hall H, Tosolini M, Fares da Silva MGF, Sumaria N, Castenmiller SM, Wardak L, Optaczy Y, Lynn A, Hill DG, Hayes AJ, Hay J, Kilbey A, Shaw R, Whyte D, Walsh PJ, Michie AM, Graham GJ, Manoharan A, Halsey C, Blyth K, Wolkers MC, Miller C, Pennington DJ, Jones GW, Fournie JJ, Bekiaris V, Coffelt SB. IL-27 maintains cytotoxic Ly6C + γδ T cells that arise from immature precursors. EMBO J 2024:10.1038/s44318-024-00133-1. [PMID: 38816652 DOI: 10.1038/s44318-024-00133-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
In mice, γδ-T lymphocytes that express the co-stimulatory molecule, CD27, are committed to the IFNγ-producing lineage during thymic development. In the periphery, these cells play a critical role in host defense and anti-tumor immunity. Unlike αβ-T cells that rely on MHC-presented peptides to drive their terminal differentiation, it is unclear whether MHC-unrestricted γδ-T cells undergo further functional maturation after exiting the thymus. Here, we provide evidence of phenotypic and functional diversity within peripheral IFNγ-producing γδ T cells. We found that CD27+ Ly6C- cells convert into CD27+Ly6C+ cells, and these CD27+Ly6C+ cells control cancer progression in mice, while the CD27+Ly6C- cells cannot. The gene signatures of these two subsets were highly analogous to human immature and mature γδ-T cells, indicative of conservation across species. We show that IL-27 supports the cytotoxic phenotype and function of mouse CD27+Ly6C+ cells and human Vδ2+ cells, while IL-27 is dispensable for mouse CD27+Ly6C- cell and human Vδ1+ cell functions. These data reveal increased complexity within IFNγ-producing γδ-T cells, comprising immature and terminally differentiated subsets, that offer new insights into unconventional T-cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Wiesheu
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sarah C Edwards
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ann Hedley
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Holly Hall
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Marie Tosolini
- Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Nital Sumaria
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Suzanne M Castenmiller
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leyma Wardak
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amy Lynn
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - David G Hill
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alan J Hayes
- School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jodie Hay
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anna Kilbey
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Robin Shaw
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Declan Whyte
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Alison M Michie
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gerard J Graham
- School of Infection & Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Anand Manoharan
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christina Halsey
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Monika C Wolkers
- Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department Of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Crispin Miller
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Daniel J Pennington
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gareth W Jones
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Vasileios Bekiaris
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Seth B Coffelt
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Institute, Glasgow, UK.
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4
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Fowler D, Barisa M, Southern A, Nattress C, Hawkins E, Vassalou E, Kanouta A, Counsell J, Rota E, Vlckova P, Draper B, De Mooij T, Farkas A, Brezovjakova H, Baker AT, Scotlandi K, Manara MC, Tape C, Chester K, Anderson J, Fisher J. Payload-delivering engineered γδ T cells display enhanced cytotoxicity, persistence, and efficacy in preclinical models of osteosarcoma. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadg9814. [PMID: 38809963 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg9814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
T cell-based cancer immunotherapy has typically relied on membrane-bound cytotoxicity enhancers such as chimeric antigen receptors expressed in autologous αβ T cells. These approaches are limited by tonic signaling of synthetic constructs and costs associated with manufacturing. γδ T cells are an emerging alternative for cellular therapy, having innate antitumor activity, potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, and minimal alloreactivity. We present an immunotherapeutic platform technology built around the innate properties of the Vγ9Vδ2 T cell, harnessing specific characteristics of this cell type and offering an allocompatible cellular therapy that recruits bystander immunity. We engineered γδ T cells to secrete synthetic tumor-targeting opsonins in the form of an scFv-Fc fusion protein and a mitogenic IL-15Rα-IL-15 fusion protein (stIL15). Using GD2 as a model antigen, we show that GD2-specific opsonin-secreting Vγ9Vδ2 T cells (stIL15-OPS-γδ T cells) have enhanced cytotoxicity and promote bystander activity of other lymphoid and myeloid cells. Secretion of stIL-15 abrogated the need for exogenous cytokine supplementation and further mediated activation of bystander natural killer cells. Compared with unmodified γδ T cells, stIL15-OPS-γδ T cells exhibited superior in vivo control of subcutaneous tumors and persistence in the blood. Moreover, stIL15-OPS-γδ T cells were efficacious against patient-derived osteosarcomas in animal models and in vitro, where efficacy could be boosted with the addition of zoledronic acid. Together, the data identify stIL15-OPS-γδ T cells as a candidate allogeneic cell therapy platform combining direct cytolysis with bystander activation to promote tumor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fowler
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Marta Barisa
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Alba Southern
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Callum Nattress
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD London, UK
| | - Elizabeth Hawkins
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Eleni Vassalou
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Angeliki Kanouta
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | | | - Enrique Rota
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD London, UK
| | - Petra Vlckova
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD London, UK
| | - Benjamin Draper
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Tessa De Mooij
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Andrea Farkas
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Helena Brezovjakova
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Alfie T Baker
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Katia Scotlandi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Maria C Manara
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Experimental Oncology Laboratory, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna Italy
| | - Chris Tape
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD London, UK
| | - Kerry Chester
- UCL Cancer Institute, Paul O'Gorman Building, 72 Huntley Street, WC1E 6DD London, UK
| | - John Anderson
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
| | - Jonathan Fisher
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, Zayed Centre for Research, 20 Guilford Street, WC1N 1DZ London, UK
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5
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Yin N, Li X, Zhang X, Xue S, Cao Y, Niedermann G, Lu Y, Xue J. Development of pharmacological immunoregulatory anti-cancer therapeutics: current mechanistic studies and clinical opportunities. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:126. [PMID: 38773064 PMCID: PMC11109181 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy represented by anti-PD-(L)1 and anti-CTLA-4 inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment, but challenges related to resistance and toxicity still remain. Due to the advancement of immuno-oncology, an increasing number of novel immunoregulatory targets and mechanisms are being revealed, with relevant therapies promising to improve clinical immunotherapy in the foreseeable future. Therefore, comprehending the larger picture is important. In this review, we analyze and summarize the current landscape of preclinical and translational mechanistic research, drug development, and clinical trials that brought about next-generation pharmacological immunoregulatory anti-cancer agents and drug candidates beyond classical immune checkpoint inhibitors. Along with further clarification of cancer immunobiology and advances in antibody engineering, agents targeting additional inhibitory immune checkpoints, including LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, CD47, and B7 family members are becoming an important part of cancer immunotherapy research and discovery, as are structurally and functionally optimized novel anti-PD-(L)1 and anti-CTLA-4 agents and agonists of co-stimulatory molecules of T cells. Exemplified by bispecific T cell engagers, newly emerging bi-specific and multi-specific antibodies targeting immunoregulatory molecules can provide considerable clinical benefits. Next-generation agents also include immune epigenetic drugs and cytokine-based therapeutics. Cell therapies, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viruses are not covered in this review. This comprehensive review might aid in further development and the fastest possible clinical adoption of effective immuno-oncology modalities for the benefit of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanhao Yin
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center & State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xintong Li
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center & State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xuanwei Zhang
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center & State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shaolong Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 20, Section 3, South Renmin Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Laboratory of Emergency Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
- Institute of Disaster Medicine & Institute of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan University, No. 17, Gaopeng Avenue, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Gabriele Niedermann
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site DKTK-Freiburg, Robert-Koch-Strasse 3, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - You Lu
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center & State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 2222, Xinchuan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Jianxin Xue
- Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center & State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, and The National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
- Laboratory of Clinical Cell Therapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 2222, Xinchuan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China.
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6
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Wu J. Emerging Innate Immune Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy: Promises and Challenges. BioDrugs 2024:10.1007/s40259-024-00657-2. [PMID: 38700835 DOI: 10.1007/s40259-024-00657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapy has made an unprecedented impact on survival benefit for a subset of cancer patients; however, only a subset of cancer patients is benefiting from ICI therapy if all cancer types are considered. With the advanced understanding of interactions of immune effector cell types and tumors, cell-based therapies are emerging as alternatives to patients who could not benefit from ICI therapy. Pioneering work of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) therapy for hematological malignancies has brought encouragement to a broad range of development for cellular-based cancer immunotherapy, both innate immune cell-based therapies and T-cell-based therapies. Innate immune cells are important cell types due to their rapid response, versatile function, superior safety profiles being demonstrated in early clinical development, and being able to utilize multiple allogeneic cell sources. Efforts on engineering innate immune cells and exploring their therapeutic potential are rapidly emerging. Some of the therapies, such as CD19 CAR natural killer (CAR-NK) cell-based therapy, have demonstrated comparable early efficacy with CD19 CAR-T cells. These studies underscore the significance of developing innate immune cells for cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the current development of emerging NK cells, γδ T cells, and macrophages. We also present our views on potential challenges and perspectives to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Wu
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Robert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior St, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Robert Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
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7
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Minina EP, Dianov DV, Sheetikov SA, Bogolyubova AV. CAR Cells beyond Classical CAR T Cells: Functional Properties and Prospects of Application. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:765-783. [PMID: 38880641 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924050018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) are genetically engineered receptors that recognize antigens and activate signaling cascades in a cell. Signal recognition and transmission are mediated by the CAR domains derived from different proteins. T cells carrying CARs against tumor-associated antigens have been used in the development of the CAR T cell therapy, a new approach to fighting malignant neoplasms. Despite its high efficacy in the treatment of oncohematological diseases, CAR T cell therapy has a number of disadvantages that could be avoided by using other types of leukocytes as effector cells. CARs can be expressed in a wide range of cells of adaptive and innate immunity with the emergence or improvement of cytotoxic properties. This review discusses the features of CAR function in different types of immune cells, with a particular focus on the results of preclinical and clinical efficacy studies and the safety of potential CAR cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta P Minina
- National Medical Research Centre for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Dianov
- National Medical Research Centre for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Saveliy A Sheetikov
- National Medical Research Centre for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia
| | - Apollinariya V Bogolyubova
- National Medical Research Centre for Hematology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, 125167, Russia.
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8
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Yuan G, Ye M, Zhang Y, Zeng X. Challenges and strategies in relation to effective CAR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors. Med Oncol 2024; 41:126. [PMID: 38652178 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-024-02310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, but its application to solid tumors is limited. CAR-T cells have poor incapability of entering, surviving, proliferating, and finally exerting function in the tumor microenvironment. This review summarizes the main strategies related to enhancing the infiltration, efficacy, antigen recognition, and production of CAR-T in solid tumors. Additional applications of CAR-γδ T and macrophages are also discussed. We believe CAR-T will be a milestone in treating solid tumors once these problems are solved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Mengke Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Xun Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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9
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Lin TD, Rubinstein ND, Fong NL, Smith M, Craft W, Martin-McNulty B, Perry R, Delaney MA, Roy MA, Buffenstein R. Evolution of T cells in the cancer-resistant naked mole-rat. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3145. [PMID: 38605005 PMCID: PMC11009300 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47264-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Naked mole-rats (NMRs) are best known for their extreme longevity and cancer resistance, suggesting that their immune system might have evolved to facilitate these phenotypes. Natural killer (NK) and T cells have evolved to detect and destroy cells infected with pathogens and to provide an early response to malignancies. While it is known that NMRs lack NK cells, likely lost during evolution, little is known about their T-cell subsets in terms of the evolution of the genes that regulate their function, their clonotypic diversity, and the thymus where they mature. Here we find, using single-cell transcriptomics, that NMRs have a large circulating population of γδT cells, which in mice and humans mostly reside in peripheral tissues and induce anti-cancer cytotoxicity. Using single-cell-T-cell-receptor sequencing, we find that a cytotoxic γδT-cell subset of NMRs harbors a dominant clonotype, and that their conventional CD8 αβT cells exhibit modest clonotypic diversity. Consistently, perinatal NMR thymuses are considerably smaller than those of mice yet follow similar involution progression. Our findings suggest that NMRs have evolved under a relaxed intracellular pathogenic selective pressure that may have allowed cancer resistance and longevity to become stronger targets of selection to which the immune system has responded by utilizing γδT cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzuhua D Lin
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicole L Fong
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Megan Smith
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Craft
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Perry
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA
| | | | - Margaret A Roy
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA
| | - Rochelle Buffenstein
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, California, CA, USA.
- Department of Biological Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois, IL, USA.
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10
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Huang J, Yang Q, Wang W, Huang J. CAR products from novel sources: a new avenue for the breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378739. [PMID: 38665921 PMCID: PMC11044028 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has transformed cancer immunotherapy. However, significant challenges limit its application beyond B cell-driven malignancies, including limited clinical efficacy, high toxicity, and complex autologous cell product manufacturing. Despite efforts to improve CAR T cell therapy outcomes, there is a growing interest in utilizing alternative immune cells to develop CAR cells. These immune cells offer several advantages, such as major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-independent function, tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation, and increased tissue infiltration capabilities. Currently, CAR products from various T cell subtypes, innate immune cells, hematopoietic progenitor cells, and even exosomes are being explored. These CAR products often show enhanced antitumor efficacy, diminished toxicity, and superior tumor penetration. With these benefits in mind, numerous clinical trials are underway to access the potential of these innovative CAR cells. This review aims to thoroughly examine the advantages, challenges, and existing insights on these new CAR products in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Hematology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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11
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Davies DM, Pugliese G, Parente Pereira AC, Whilding LM, Larcombe-Young D, Maher J. Engineering a Dual Specificity γδ T-Cell Receptor for Cancer Immunotherapy. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:196. [PMID: 38534465 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
γδ T-cells provide immune surveillance against cancer, straddling both innate and adaptive immunity. G115 is a clonal γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) of the Vγ9Vδ2 subtype which can confer responsiveness to phosphoantigens (PAgs) when genetically introduced into conventional αβ T-cells. Cancer immunotherapy using γδ TCR-engineered T-cells is currently under clinical evaluation. In this study, we sought to broaden the cancer specificity of the G115 γδ TCR by insertion of a tumour-binding peptide into the complementarity-determining region (CDR) three regions of the TCR δ2 chain. Peptides were selected from the foot and mouth disease virus A20 peptide which binds with high affinity and selectivity to αvβ6, an epithelial-selective integrin that is expressed by a range of solid tumours. Insertion of an A20-derived 12mer peptide achieved the best results, enabling the resulting G115 + A12 T-cells to kill both PAg and αvβ6-expressing tumour cells. Cytolytic activity of G115 + A12 T-cells against PAg-presenting K562 target cells was enhanced compared to G115 control cells, in keeping with the critical role of CDR3 δ2 length for optimal PAg recognition. Activation was accompanied by interferon (IFN)-γ release in the presence of either target antigen, providing a novel dual-specificity approach for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Davies
- Leucid Bio Ltd., Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Giuseppe Pugliese
- Leucid Bio Ltd., Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Department of Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Ana C Parente Pereira
- CAR Mechanics Group, Guy's Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Lynsey M Whilding
- CAR Mechanics Group, Guy's Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Daniel Larcombe-Young
- CAR Mechanics Group, Guy's Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - John Maher
- Leucid Bio Ltd., Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- CAR Mechanics Group, Guy's Cancer Centre, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Great Maze Pond, London SE1 9RT, UK
- Department of Immunology, Eastbourne Hospital, Kings Drive, Eastbourne BN21 2UD, UK
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12
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Morandi F, Della Lastra M, Zara F, Airoldi I. Validation of analytical methods for the production of expanded γδ T lymphocytes useful for therapeutic purposes. Curr Res Transl Med 2024; 72:103445. [PMID: 38493557 DOI: 10.1016/j.retram.2024.103445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The use of γδ T lymphocytes as advanced therapeutic medicinal product has attracted much interest in the last years. Indeed, such cells are an ideal tool for the reconstitution of the immune system in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, due to their MHC-independent anti-tumor and anti-viral activities. We have here setup a protocol for the production of pure and functional γδ T lymphocytes, expanded from healthy donors' mononuclear cells, and validated the analytical methods to identify them and to analyze their potency. Next, we performed stability studies to ensure that the cell product (γδ T cells) can be used after freezing and thawing. Notably, such protocol can be promptly translated to GMP-facility, since it has been designed using only clinical grade reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Morandi
- UOSD Cell Factory, Dipartimento dei Servizi, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Martina Della Lastra
- UOSD Cell Factory, Dipartimento dei Servizi, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Zara
- UOSD Cell Factory, Dipartimento dei Servizi, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- UOSD Cell Factory, Dipartimento dei Servizi, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, 16147 Genova, Italy.
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13
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Li C, Zhao J, Kang B, Li S, Tang J, Dong D, Chen Y. Identification and validation of STAT4 as a prognostic biomarker in acute myeloid leukemia. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20231720. [PMID: 38294290 PMCID: PMC10861362 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20231720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a common malignancy and is supposed to have the ability to escape host immune surveillance. The present study aimed to identify key genes in AML that may affect tumor immunity and to provide prognosis biomarkers of AML. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was screened for transcription factors (TFs) involved in immunity and influencing survival, combining Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data to validate the impact on patient survival. A prognostic signature was established using four transcription factors, and these genes play an important role in the immune system, with higher regulatory T cell (Treg) scores in high-risk patients compared with the low-risk group. Analysis of individual genes showed that STAT4 and Treg are closely related, which may be due to STAT4 transcribing related genes that affect immunity. STAT4 expression was positively correlated with the proportion of abnormal cells and promoted AML recurrence as verified by AML clinical patient samples. In addition, silencing of STAT4 significantly slowed down the proliferation capacity of HL60 cells. In conclusion, these findings suggest that STAT4 may be a potential biomarker for AML prognosis. As a key gene affecting the prognosis of AML patients, STAT4 has the potential to be a candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Bingyu Kang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingya Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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14
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Gu Z, Wu Q, Shang B, Zhang K, Zhang W. Organoid co-culture models of the tumor microenvironment promote precision medicine. CANCER INNOVATION 2024; 3:e101. [PMID: 38948532 PMCID: PMC11212345 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the three-dimensional (3D) culture system has emerged as a promising preclinical model for tumor research owing to its ability to replicate the tissue structure and molecular characteristics of solid tumors in vivo. This system offers several advantages, including high throughput, efficiency, and retention of tumor heterogeneity. Traditional Matrigel-submerged organoid cultures primarily support the long-term proliferation of epithelial cells. One solution for the exploration of the tumor microenvironment is a reconstitution approach involving the introduction of exogenous cell types, either in dual, triple or even multiple combinations. Another solution is a holistic approach including patient-derived tumor fragments, air-liquid interface, suspension 3D culture, and microfluidic tumor-on-chip models. Organoid co-culture models have also gained popularity for studying the tumor microenvironment, evaluating tumor immunotherapy, identifying predictive biomarkers, screening for effective drugs, and modeling infections. By leveraging these 3D culture systems, it is hoped to advance the clinical application of therapeutic approaches and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoru Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Quanyou Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Bingqing Shang
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Kaitai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Immunology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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15
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Miyahira AK, Soule HR. The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation Scientific Retreat Report. Prostate 2024; 84:113-130. [PMID: 37915138 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 29th Annual Prostate Cancer Foundation (PCF) Scientific Retreat was held from October 27 to 29, 2022, at the Omni La Costa Resort in Carlsbad, CA. This was the first-ever hybrid PCF Retreat. METHODS The Annual PCF Scientific Retreat is a prominent international scientific gathering centered on groundbreaking, unpublished, and influential studies in basic, translational, and clinical prostate cancer research. It also covers research from related fields with a strong potential for influencing prostate cancer research and patient care. RESULTS Key areas of research that were focused on at the 2022 PCF Retreat included: (i) the contributions of molecular and genomic factors to prostate cancer disparities; (ii) novel clinical trial updates; (iii) lessons from primary prostate cancer; (iv) lessons from single-cell studies; (v) genetic, epigenetic, epitranscriptomic and posttranslational mechanisms and clinical heterogeneity in prostate cancer; (vi) biology of neuroendocrine and lineage-plastic prostate cancer; (vii) next generation prostate cancer theranostics and combination therapies; (viii) the biology and therapeutic potential of targeting phosphoinositide 3-kinases pathways; (ix) combining immunomodulatory treatments for prostate cancer; (x) novel gamma delta (γδ) T-cell therapy platforms for oncology; and (xi) lessons from other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This article provides a summary of the presentations from the 2022 PCF Scientific Retreat. By disseminating this knowledge, we hope to enhance our understanding of the present research landscape and guide future strides in both prostate cancer research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea K Miyahira
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
| | - Howard R Soule
- Science Department, Prostate Cancer Foundation, Santa Monica, California, USA
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16
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Hovav AH, Wilensky A. The role of the epithelial sentinels, Langerhans cells and γδT cells, in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 38273461 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arises in the oral epithelium, a tissue in which immune surveillance is mediated by its primary resident leukocytes, Langerhans cells (LCs), and γδT cells. Under steady-state conditions, LCs and γδT cells play a critical role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis. As antigen-presenting cells of stratified epithelia, LCs respond to various challenges faced by the epithelium, orchestrating innate, and adaptive immune responses in order to resolve them. γδT cells also sense diverse epithelial insults and react rapidly through cytokine production and cytolytic activity. These epithelial sentinels are also considered to be the first leukocytes in the oral epithelium to encounter early carcinogenic events that have the potential of becoming OSCC. As evident in many malignancies, leukocyte populations help prevent cancer development although they also promote tumor progression. OSCC is no exception, as studies have reported both anti- and pro-tumor roles of LCs and γδT cells. In this review, we summarize the ontogeny of LCs and γδT cells in the oral epithelium and discuss their role in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avi-Hai Hovav
- Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaf Wilensky
- Department of Periodontology, Hadassah Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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17
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Deng S, Jiang Y, Luo L, Tang H, Hu X, Wu C, Tang J, Ge H, Gong X, Cai R, Wang G, Li X, Feng J. C5a enhances inflammation and chemotaxis of γδ T cells in malignant pleural effusion. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111332. [PMID: 38071913 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhibitory effect of γδT17 cells on the formation of murine malignant pleural effusions (MPE) has been established. However, there is limited understanding regarding the phenotypic characterization of γδ T cells in MPE patients and their recruitment to the pleural cavity. METHODS We quantified γδ T cell prevalence in pleural effusions and corresponding peripheral blood from malignant and benign patients using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The expression of effector memory phenotype, stimulatory/inhibitory/chemokine receptors and cytokines on γδ T cells in MPE was analyzed using multicolor flow cytometry. The infiltration of γδ T cells in MPE was assessed through immunofluorescence, ELISA, flow cytometry and transwell migration assay. RESULTS We observed a significant infiltration of γδ T cells in MPE, surpassing the levels found in blood and benign pleural effusion. γδ T cells in MPE exhibited heightened expression of CD56 and an effector memory phenotype, while displaying lower levels of PD-1. Furthermore, γδ T cells in MPE showed higher levels of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-17A and IL-22) and chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR5 and CCR6). CCR2 expression was notably higher in the Vδ2 subtype compared to Vδ1 cells. Moreover, the complement C5a enhanced cytokine release by γδ T cells, upregulated CCR2 expression in Vδ2 subsets, and stimulated the production of chemokines (CCL2, CCL7 and CCL20) in MPE. In vitro utilizing CCR2 neutralising and C5aR antagonist significantly reduced the recruitment of γδ T cells. CONCLUSIONS γδ T cells infiltrate MPE by overexpressing CCR2 and exhibit hightened inflammation, which is further augmented by C5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglinzi Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lisha Luo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chendong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiale Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Gong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runjin Cai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaozhao Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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18
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Bergom HE, Sena LA, Day A, Miller B, Miller CD, Lozada JR, Zorko N, Wang J, Shenderov E, Lobo FP, Caramella-Pereira F, Marchionni L, Drake CG, Lotan T, De Marzo AM, Hwang J, Antonarakis ES. Divergent immune microenvironments in two tumor nodules from a patient with mismatch repair-deficient prostate cancer. NPJ Genom Med 2024; 9:7. [PMID: 38253539 PMCID: PMC10803790 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-024-00392-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with prostate cancer (PC) generally do not respond favorably to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which may be due to a low abundance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes even when mutational load is high. Here, we identified a patient who presented with high-grade primary prostate cancer with two adjacent tumor nodules. While both nodules were mismatch repair-deficient (MMRd), exhibited pathogenic MSH2 and MSH6 alterations, had a high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and demonstrated high microsatellite instability (MSI), they had markedly distinct immune phenotypes. The first displayed a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes ("hot nodule"), while the second displayed significantly fewer infiltrating lymphocytes ("cold nodule"). Whole-exome DNA analysis found that both nodules shared many identical mutations, indicating that they were derived from a single clone. However, the cold nodule appeared to be sub-clonal relative to the hot nodule, suggesting divergent evolution of the cold nodule from the hot nodule. Whole-transcriptome RNA analysis found that the cold nodule demonstrated lower expression of genes related to antigen presentation (HLA) and, paradoxically, classical tumor immune tolerance markers such as PD-L1 (CD274) and CTLA-4. Immune cell deconvolution suggested that the hot nodule was enriched not only in CD8+ and CD4 + T lymphocytes, but also in M1 macrophages, activated NK cells, and γδ T cells compared to the cold nodule. This case highlights that MMRd/TMB-high PC can evolve to minimize an anti-tumor immune response, and nominates downregulation of antigen presentation machinery (HLA loss) as a potential mechanism of adaptive immune evasion in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah E Bergom
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura A Sena
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abderrahman Day
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Benjamin Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Carly D Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John R Lozada
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nicholas Zorko
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eugene Shenderov
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Francisco Pereira Lobo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luigi Marchionni
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Charles G Drake
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Janssen Research and Development, LLC, Springhouse, PA, USA
| | - Tamara Lotan
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Hwang
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emmanuel S Antonarakis
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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19
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Zhang H, Shi Y, Lin C, He C, Wang S, Li Q, Sun Y, Li M. Overcoming cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease: new insights into preventive strategies and pathogenesis mechanisms including interactions of immune cells, cancer signaling pathways, and gut microbiota. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1338918. [PMID: 38288125 PMCID: PMC10822953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1338918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), characterized primarily by gastrointestinal inflammation, predominantly manifests as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). It is acknowledged that Inflammation plays a significant role in cancer development and patients with IBD have an increased risk of various cancers. The progression from inflammation to carcinogenesis in IBD is a result of the interplay between immune cells, gut microbiota, and carcinogenic signaling pathways in epithelial cells. Long-term chronic inflammation can lead to the accumulation of mutations in epithelial cells and the abnormal activation of carcinogenic signaling pathways. Furthermore, Immune cells play a pivotal role in both the acute and chronic phases of IBD, contributing to the transformation from inflammation to tumorigenesis. And patients with IBD frequently exhibit dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiome. Disruption of the gut microbiota and subsequent immune dysregulation are central to the pathogenesis of both IBD and colitis associated colorectal cancer (CAC). The proactive management of inflammation combined with regular endoscopic and tumor screenings represents the most direct and effective strategy to prevent the IBD-associated cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Zhang
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yulu Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chanchan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chengcheng He
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanping Wang
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingsong Li
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Research Center, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhao Y, Feng Y, Li M, Wang W, Ni Z, Zhu H, Wang Y. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals that the immunosuppression landscape induced by chronic stress promotes colorectal cancer metastasis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23552. [PMID: 38169984 PMCID: PMC10758883 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The high prevalence of depressive disorders in individuals with cancer and their contribution to tumour progression is a topic that is gradually gaining attention. Recent evidence has shown that there are prominent connections between immune gene variants and mood disorders. The homeostasis of the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) and the infiltration and activation of immune cells play a very important role in the antitumour effect. In this study, we established a compound mouse model with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and orthotopic colorectal cancer to simulate colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with depression. Using 10✕Genomics single-cell transcriptome sequencing technology, we profiled nearly 30,000 cells from tumour samples of 8 mice from the control and CUMS groups, revealed that immune cells in tumours under a chronic stress state trend toward a more immunosuppressive and exhaustive status, and described the crosstalk between the overall inflammatory environment and immunosuppressive landscape to provide mechanistic information or efficacious strategies for immune-oncology treatments in CRC with depressive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingru Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yiyang Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wenkai Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhongya Ni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huirong Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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21
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Wang CQ, Lim PY, Tan AHM. Gamma/delta T cells as cellular vehicles for anti-tumor immunity. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1282758. [PMID: 38274800 PMCID: PMC10808317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1282758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cellular immunotherapy as a new paradigm to treat cancers is exemplified by the FDA approval of six chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapies targeting hematological malignancies in recent years. Conventional αβ T cells applied in these therapies have proven efficacy but are confined almost exclusively to autologous use. When infused into patients with mismatched human leukocyte antigen, αβ T cells recognize tissues of such patients as foreign and elicit devastating graft-versus-host disease. Therefore, one way to overcome this challenge is to use naturally allogeneic immune cell types, such as γδ T cells. γδ T cells occupy the interface between innate and adaptive immunity and possess the capacity to detect a wide variety of ligands on transformed host cells. In this article, we review the fundamental biology of γδ T cells, including their subtypes, expression of ligands, contrasting roles in and association with cancer prognosis or survival, as well as discuss the gaps in knowledge pertaining to this cell type which we currently endeavor to elucidate. In addition, we propose how to harness the unique properties of γδ T cells for cellular immunotherapy based on lessons gleaned from past clinical trials and provide an update on ongoing trials involving these cells. Lastly, we elaborate strategies that have been tested or can be explored to improve the anti-tumor activity and durability of γδ T cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsia Qiuxia Wang
- Immune Cell Manufacturing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pei Yu Lim
- Immune Cell Manufacturing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andy Hee-Meng Tan
- Immune Cell Manufacturing, Bioprocessing Technology Institute (BTI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology (SIT), Singapore, Singapore
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22
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Li K, Lu E, Wang Q, Xu R, Yuan W, Wu R, Lu L, Li P. Serum vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of γδ T cell exhaustion in HBV-infected patients. Immunology 2024; 171:31-44. [PMID: 37702282 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that T cell exhaustion is associated with poor clearance of Hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, whether the expression of exhaustion markers on innate-like circulating γδ T cells derived from patients with HBV infection correlates with the serum level of vitamin D is not completely understood. In this study, we found that the frequency of circulating Vδ2+ T cell and serum levels of vitamin 25(OH)D3 were significantly decreased in patients with HBV. And serum 25(OH)D3 levels in HBV-infected patients were negatively correlated with HBV DNA load and PD-1 expression on γδ T cells. Interestingly, 1α,25(OH)2 D3 alleviated the exhaustion phenotype of Vδ2 T cells in HBV-infected patients and promoted IFN-β expression in human cytotoxic Vδ2 T cells in vitro. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that vitamin D plays a pivotal role in reversing γδ T-cell exhaustion and is highly promising target for ameliorating HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Eying Lu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruirong Xu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhui Yuan
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruan Wu
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Li
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China
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23
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Klebanoff CA, Chandran SS, Baker BM, Quezada SA, Ribas A. T cell receptor therapeutics: immunological targeting of the intracellular cancer proteome. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2023; 22:996-1017. [PMID: 37891435 PMCID: PMC10947610 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-023-00809-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The T cell receptor (TCR) complex is a naturally occurring antigen sensor that detects, amplifies and coordinates cellular immune responses to epitopes derived from cell surface and intracellular proteins. Thus, TCRs enable the targeting of proteins selectively expressed by cancer cells, including neoantigens, cancer germline antigens and viral oncoproteins. As such, TCRs have provided the basis for an emerging class of oncology therapeutics. Herein, we review the current cancer treatment landscape using TCRs and TCR-like molecules. This includes adoptive cell transfer of T cells expressing endogenous or engineered TCRs, TCR bispecific engagers and antibodies specific for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-bound peptides (TCR mimics). We discuss the unique complexities associated with the clinical development of these therapeutics, such as HLA restriction, TCR retrieval, potency assessment and the potential for cross-reactivity. In addition, we highlight emerging clinical data that establish the antitumour potential of TCR-based therapies, including tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, for the treatment of diverse human malignancies. Finally, we explore the future of TCR therapeutics, including emerging genome editing methods to safely enhance potency and strategies to streamline patient identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Klebanoff
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Smita S Chandran
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, New York, NY, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, New York, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Brian M Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID, USA
- The Harper Cancer Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, ID, USA
| | - Sergio A Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
- Achilles Therapeutics, London, UK
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
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24
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Wang J, Zhou R, Zhong L, Chen Y, Wu X, Huang L, Tian Y, Mo W, Wang S, Liu Y. High-dimensional immune profiling using mass cytometry reveals IL-17A-producing γδ T cells as biomarkers in patients with T-cell-activated idiopathic severe aplastic anemia. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 125:111163. [PMID: 37976596 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by activated T cells. Features of T-cell activation in the pathophysiology of SAA remain unknown. To understand T cell activation states, we investigated the atlas of peripheral immune cells and the secreted cytokine network with single cell mass cytometry analysis. We found decreased γδ T-cell frequencies in all patients with SAA, together with a significantly increased proportion of interleukin (IL)-17A-producing cell subsets. Cytokine network analysis of immune cells showed significant positive relationship between IL and 17A production from immune cells and disease severity of severe aplastic anemia. On separating SAA into two distinct subgroups based on T-cell activation stage, the proportion of γδ T cells tended to decrease in the T-cell-activated SAA group compared with non-T-cell-activated group. And the proportion of IL-17A-producing γδ T cells (γδT17) within γδ T cells was newly found to be significantly higher in the T-cell-activated SAA group, implying that IL-17A production by γδ T cells was associated with T-cell activation. Overall, our study revealed a role of γδT17 cells in mediating autoreactive T-cell activation in SAA and provided a novel diagnostic indicator for monitoring autoreactive T-cell activation status during the progression of aplastic anemia in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwei Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China; Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510005, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China
| | - Limei Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China
| | - Yinchun Chen
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Department of Hematology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Medical University Nanfang Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Yan Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330000, China
| | - Wenjian Mo
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China
| | - Shunqing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China
| | - Yufeng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China; Center for Medical Research on Innovation and Translation, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital of South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510005, China.
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25
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Johanna I, Daudeij A, Devina F, Nijenhuis C, Nuijen B, Romberg B, de Haar C, Haanen J, Dolstra H, Bremer E, Sebestyen Z, Straetemans T, Jedema I, Kuball J. Basics of advanced therapy medicinal product development in academic pharma and the role of a GMP simulation unit. IMMUNO-ONCOLOGY TECHNOLOGY 2023; 20:100411. [PMID: 38192616 PMCID: PMC10772236 DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2023.100411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Following successes of authorized chimeric antigen receptor T-cell products being commercially marketed in the United States and European Union, product development of T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy consisting of cell-based advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) has gained further momentum. Due to their complex characteristics, pharmacological properties of living cell products are, in contrast to classical biological drugs such as small molecules, more difficult to define. Despite the availability of many new advanced technologies that facilitate ATMP manufacturing, translation from research-grade to clinical-grade manufacturing in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) needs a thorough product development process in order to maintain the same product characteristics and activity of the therapeutic product after full-scale clinical GMP production as originally developed within a research setting. The same holds true for transferring a fully developed GMP-grade production process between different GMP facilities. Such product development from the research to GMP-grade manufacturing and technology transfer processes of established GMP-compliant procedures between facilities are challenging. In this review, we highlight some of the main obstacles related to the product development, manufacturing process, and product analysis, as well as how these hinder rapid access to ATMPs. We elaborate on the role of academia, also referred to as 'academic pharma', and the added value of GMP production and GMP simulation facilities to keep innovation moving by reducing the development time and to keep final production costs reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Johanna
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - A. Daudeij
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - F. Devina
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - C. Nijenhuis
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - B. Nuijen
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - B. Romberg
- Department of Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - C. de Haar
- Department of Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - J. Haanen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - H. Dolstra
- Laboratory of Hematology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen
| | - E. Bremer
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Z. Sebestyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - T. Straetemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
| | - I. Jedema
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam
| | - J. Kuball
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht
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26
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Liu Y, Zhang T, Deng J, Huang Q, Yang C, Cheng Z. The cytotoxicity of γδT cells in non-small cell lung cancer mediated via coordination of the BCL-2 and AKT pathways. Oncogene 2023; 42:3648-3654. [PMID: 37805664 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness and mechanisms of γδT-cell immunotherapy in lung cancer remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the effects of continuous, low-dose γδT-cell intervention on lung cancer cells. We cultured γδT cells with a lung cancer cell line (A549) and replaced the γδT-cell population every 48 hours. The killing effect of γδTcells on A549 cells and the Half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value were detected by the cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) method. The levels of perforin, granzyme B and the inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), in the supernatants of cocultured cells were measured by ELISA. The protein expression of Bcl-2, Bax, PI3K and Akt was detected by western blotting. Our results indicated that γδT-cell treatment decreased the protein expression of Bcl-2, PI3K, and AKT but upregulated that of Bax. Moreover, γδT-cell treatment increased perforin and granzyme B release related to the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway. In addition, γδT-cell-mediated cytolysis for A549 cells involved the PI3K/AKT pathway. In vivo results were consistent with the in vitro results. γδT-cell immunotherapy integrated regulation of a signaling pathway network involving the mutual regulation of apoptosis and proliferation. γδT-cell immunotherapy could be used to enhance the cytotoxic killing of lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2 Road, Youjiang District, 533000, Baise City, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Guangxi database construction and application engineering research center for intracorporal pharmacochemistry of TCM, Youjiang medical university for nationalities, No. 2 Chengxiang Road, Youjiang District, 533000, Baise City, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2 Road, Youjiang District, 533000, Baise City, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2 Road, Youjiang District, 533000, Baise City, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Caiyan Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, No. 18 Zhongshan 2 Road, Youjiang District, 533000, Baise City, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Zhihua Cheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University, No. 1 Xinmin Street, 130021, Changchun, Jilin Province, China.
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27
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Zhu X, Li K, Liu G, Wu R, Zhang Y, Wang S, Xu M, Lu L, Li P. Microbial metabolite butyrate promotes anti-PD-1 antitumor efficacy by modulating T cell receptor signaling of cytotoxic CD8 T cell. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2249143. [PMID: 37635362 PMCID: PMC10464552 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2249143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the antitumor immunity of immune cells can be modulated by gut microbiota and their metabolites. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that the serum butyric acid level is positively correlated with the expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) on circulating CD8+ and Vγ9 Vδ2 (Vδ2+) T cells in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Responder NSCLC patients exhibited higher levels of serum acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid than non-responders. Depletion of the gut microbiota reduces butyrate levels in both feces and serum in tumor-bearing mice. Mechanistically, butyrate increased histone 3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac) at the promoter region of Pdcd1 and Cd28 in human CD8+ T cells, thereby promoting the expression of PD-1/CD28 and enhancing the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy. Butyrate supplementation promotes the expression of antitumor cytokines in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells by modulating the T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathway. Collectively, our findings reveal that the metabolite butyrate of the gut microbiota facilitates the efficacy of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy by modulating TCR signaling of cytotoxic CD8 T cells, and is a highly promising therapeutic biomarker for enhancing antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhai Zhu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Geriatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guichao Liu
- Department of Head and Neck Breast Radiotherapy, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan City, Foshan, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruan Wu
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siying Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Peng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People’s Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
- The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Louie RHY, Cai C, Samir J, Singh M, Deveson IW, Ferguson JM, Amos TG, McGuire HM, Gowrishankar K, Adikari T, Balderas R, Bonomi M, Ruella M, Bishop D, Gottlieb D, Blyth E, Micklethwaite K, Luciani F. CAR + and CAR - T cells share a differentiation trajectory into an NK-like subset after CD19 CAR T cell infusion in patients with B cell malignancies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7767. [PMID: 38012187 PMCID: PMC10682404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43656-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy is effective in treating B cell malignancies, but factors influencing the persistence of functional CAR+ T cells, such as product composition, patients' lymphodepletion, and immune reconstitution, are not well understood. To shed light on this issue, here we conduct a single-cell multi-omics analysis of transcriptional, clonal, and phenotypic profiles from pre- to 1-month post-infusion of CAR+ and CAR- T cells from patients from a CARTELL study (ACTRN12617001579381) who received a donor-derived 4-1BB CAR product targeting CD19. Following infusion, CAR+ T cells and CAR- T cells shows similar differentiation profiles with clonally expanded populations across heterogeneous phenotypes, demonstrating clonal lineages and phenotypic plasticity. We validate these findings in 31 patients with large B cell lymphoma treated with CD19 CAR T therapy. For these patients, we identify using longitudinal mass-cytometry data an association between NK-like subsets and clinical outcomes at 6 months with both CAR+ and CAR- T cells. These results suggest that non-CAR-derived signals can provide information about patients' immune recovery and be used as correlate of clinically relevant parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Hall Yip Louie
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Curtis Cai
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jerome Samir
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ira W Deveson
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Timothy G Amos
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Helen Marie McGuire
- Ramaciotti Facility for Human Systems Biology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Infection, Immunity and Inflammation Theme, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kavitha Gowrishankar
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Thiruni Adikari
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Martina Bonomi
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Physics, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Ruella
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Bishop
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Gottlieb
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emily Blyth
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kenneth Micklethwaite
- Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Program, Department of Haematology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology Blood Transplant and Cell Therapies Laboratory - ICPMR Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fabio Luciani
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Medical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Garvan Institute for Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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Costa GP, Mensurado S, Silva-Santos B. Therapeutic avenues for γδ T cells in cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2023; 11:e007955. [PMID: 38007241 PMCID: PMC10680012 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-007955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells are regarded as promising effector lymphocytes for next-generation cancer immunotherapies. In spite of being relatively rare in human peripheral blood, γδ T cells are more abundant in epithelial tissues where many tumors develop, and have been shown to actively participate in anticancer immunity as cytotoxic cells or as "type 1" immune orchestrators. A major asset of γδ T cells for tackling advanced cancers is their independence from antigen presentation via the major histocompatibility complex, which clearly sets them apart from conventional αβ T cells. Here we discuss the main therapeutic strategies based on human γδ T cells. These include antibody-based bispecific engagers and adoptive cell therapies, either focused on the Vδ1+ or Vδ2+ γδ T-cell subsets, which can be expanded selectively and differentiated or engineered to maximize their antitumor functions. We review the preclinical data that supports each of the therapeutic strategies under development; and summarize the clinical trials being pursued towards establishing γδ T cell-based treatments for solid and hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Mensurado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Silva-Santos
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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30
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Hu Y, Hu Q, Li Y, Lu L, Xiang Z, Yin Z, Kabelitz D, Wu Y. γδ T cells: origin and fate, subsets, diseases and immunotherapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:434. [PMID: 37989744 PMCID: PMC10663641 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The intricacy of diseases, shaped by intrinsic processes like immune system exhaustion and hyperactivation, highlights the potential of immune renormalization as a promising strategy in disease treatment. In recent years, our primary focus has centered on γδ T cell-based immunotherapy, particularly pioneering the use of allogeneic Vδ2+ γδ T cells for treating late-stage solid tumors and tuberculosis patients. However, we recognize untapped potential and optimization opportunities to fully harness γδ T cell effector functions in immunotherapy. This review aims to thoroughly examine γδ T cell immunology and its role in diseases. Initially, we elucidate functional differences between γδ T cells and their αβ T cell counterparts. We also provide an overview of major milestones in γδ T cell research since their discovery in 1984. Furthermore, we delve into the intricate biological processes governing their origin, development, fate decisions, and T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement within the thymus. By examining the mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor functions of distinct γδ T cell subtypes based on γδTCR structure or cytokine release, we emphasize the importance of accurate subtyping in understanding γδ T cell function. We also explore the microenvironment-dependent functions of γδ T cell subsets, particularly in infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, hematological malignancies, and solid tumors. Finally, we propose future strategies for utilizing allogeneic γδ T cells in tumor immunotherapy. Through this comprehensive review, we aim to provide readers with a holistic understanding of the molecular fundamentals and translational research frontiers of γδ T cells, ultimately contributing to further advancements in harnessing the therapeutic potential of γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Qinglin Hu
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Ligong Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zheng Xiang
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Yangzhe Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumour Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment, Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai People's Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China.
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31
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Zhou J, Wu M, Yang G. Decoding γδ T cell anticancer therapies: integrating CRISPR screens with tumor organoids. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:423. [PMID: 37953309 PMCID: PMC10641060 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01678-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Gen Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
- School of Physics, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China.
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32
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Alzamami A. Implications of single-cell immune landscape of tumor microenvironment for the colorectal cancer diagnostics and therapy. Med Oncol 2023; 40:352. [PMID: 37950801 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02226-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) originates from the polyps lining the colon and is among the most common types of cancer. With the increasing popularity of single-cell sequencing technologies, researchers have been able to better understand the immune landscape of colorectal cancer, by analyzing their expression and interactions in detail with the tumor microenvironment (TME) at single-cell level. Since the tumor-immune cell interactions play a critical part in the advancement as well as treatment response in colorectal cancer, the release of inhibitory factors such as T cells are important for recognizing and destroying cancer cells. Such information is vital to identify immunotherapeutic targets for cure and monitoring response to treatments. Therefore, a comprehensive single-cell studies-based overview of key immunogenic agents regulating the TME of CRC is provided in this review. Tumor-associated macrophages can promote tumor growth and resistance to treatment by releasing factors that inhibit the function of other immune cells. Additionally, colorectal cancer cells can express programmed cell death protein 1 and its ligand, which can also inhibit T-cell function. Researchers have found that certain types of immune cells, prominently T cells, natural killer, and dendritic cells, can have a positive impact on the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. Treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T therapies that help to release the inhibitory signals from the cancer cells allow the immune cells to function more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Alzamami
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, 11961, Al-Quwayiyah, Saudi Arabia.
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33
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Singh N, Maus MV. Synthetic manipulation of the cancer-immunity cycle: CAR-T cell therapy. Immunity 2023; 56:2296-2310. [PMID: 37820585 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic immunity to cancer has been pioneered by the application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) engineering into autologous T cells. CAR T cell therapy is highly amenable to molecular engineering to bypass barriers of the cancer immunity cycle, such as endogenous antigen presentation, immune priming, and natural checkpoints that constrain immune responses. Here, we review CAR T cell design and the mechanisms that drive sustained CAR T cell effector activity and anti-tumor function. We discuss engineering approaches aimed at improving anti-tumor function through a variety of mechanistic interventions for both hematologic and solid tumors. The ability to engineer T cells in such a variety of ways, including by modifying their trafficking, antigen recognition, costimulation, and addition of synthetic genes, circuits, knockouts and base edits to finely tune complex functions, is arguably the most powerful way to manipulate the cancer immunity cycle in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Singh
- Division of Oncology, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
| | - Marcela V Maus
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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34
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Li Q, Yang Z, Ling X, Ye J, Wu J, Wang Y, Yao C, Zheng J. Correlation Analysis of Prognostic Gene Expression, Tumor Microenvironment, and Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Ovarian Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2023; 2023:9672158. [PMID: 37841886 PMCID: PMC10575750 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9672158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Objective Tumor microenvironment (TME) research can provide a crucial direction for the innovation and continuous improvement of novel biologic therapies for cancer. This study examined the relationship between the TME, expression profiles of the tumor-infiltrating immune cell, and prognostic gene expression in ovarian cancer (OC). Materials and Methods Screening of CD3E, CD3G, CD2, CD3D, CCL19, and IL2RG was performed using the bioinformatics methods. Results All six genes were found to participate in immune-related molecular mechanisms and could regulate the expression of tumor-infiltrating cells. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results demonstrated a strong association between overall survival and all gene expressions in patients with OC. CIBERSORT analysis results showed that the expression level of all genes was positively correlated with γδ T cell proportions. Conclusion Therefore, in the OC microenvironment, CD3E, CD3G, CD2, CD3D, CCL19, and IL2RG can be potential immunotherapy targets and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Zongjing Yang
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Xingqing Ling
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Junming Ye
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiaying Wu
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi, China
| | - Chun Yao
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinghui Zheng
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530011, Guangxi, China
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35
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Du J, Du Y, Chen L, Liu H. IL-17 promotes melanoma through TRAF2 as a scaffold protein recruiting PIAS2 and ELAVL1 to induce EPHA5. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119547. [PMID: 37481078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
An abnormal immune response induces melanoma development. IL-17 and the classical downstream signal STAT1 are associated with melanoma development. TRAF2 also mediates the downstream signaling of IL-17; however, its role in IL-17-stimulated melanoma remains unclear. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that TRAF2 can bind to PIAS2 (a SUMO E3 ligase), ELAVL1 (an RNA-binding protein), and EPHA5 (an ephrin receptor of the tyrosine kinase family). To elucidate the IL-17 downstream signal, the IL-17 receptor (R), STAT1, TRAF2, PIAS2, ELAVL1, and EPHA5 were knocked down before melanoma cells were treated with recombinant IL-17A protein. Co-immunoprecipitation and RNA immunoprecipitation were conducted to determine the interaction of TRAF2 with PIAS2, ELAVL1, and EPHA5 proteins, as well as the interaction of ELAVL1 protein with EPHA5 mRNA. STAT1 knockdown suppressed the proliferation and invasion triggered by IL-17A, but the suppressive effects were much weaker than those caused by IL-17R knockdown. This implies that another nonclassical signal mediates IL-17 effects. IL-17A induces TRAF2 recruitment of ELAVL1, PIAS2, and EPHA5 proteins. We speculated that ELAVL1 bound to the AU-rich elements in the 3' untranslated region of the EPHA5 mRNA, thereby enhancing mRNA stability. Furthermore, PIAS2 induced EPHA5 SUMOylation, which suppressed EPHA5 ubiquitination and degradation. Through pre- and post-translational regulation, IL-17A induced EPHA5 expression in melanoma, and EPHA5 knockdown markedly suppressed IL-17A-induced proliferation and invasion. This study revealed a non-classical signaling mechanism responsible for the effects of IL-17 in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Du
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the first affiliated hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yujia Du
- Medical college of Jianghan University, No. 8, Sanjiaohu Road, Wuhan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Lang Chen
- Department of Burns and Plastic, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan 637000, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the first affiliated hospital of Jinan University, No. 613, Huangpu Avenue West, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510630, China; Innovative Technology Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou 510630, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Sandoz PA, Kuhnigk K, Szabo EK, Thunberg S, Erikson E, Sandström N, Verron Q, Brech A, Watzl C, Wagner AK, Alici E, Malmberg KJ, Uhlin M, Önfelt B. Modulation of lytic molecules restrain serial killing in γδ T lymphocytes. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6035. [PMID: 37758698 PMCID: PMC10533871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41634-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
γδ T cells play a pivotal role in protection against various types of infections and tumours, from early childhood on and throughout life. They consist of several subsets characterised by adaptive and innate-like functions, with Vγ9Vδ2 being the largest subset in human peripheral blood. Although these cells show signs of cytotoxicity, their modus operandi remains poorly understood. Here we explore, using live single-cell imaging, the cytotoxic functions of γδ T cells upon interactions with tumour target cells with high temporal and spatial resolution. While γδ T cell killing is dominated by degranulation, the availability of lytic molecules appears tightly regulated in time and space. In particular, the limited co-occurrence of granzyme B and perforin restrains serial killing of tumour cells by γδ T cells. Thus, our data provide new insights into the cytotoxic arsenal and functions of γδ T cells, which may guide the development of more efficient γδ T cell based adoptive immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick A Sandoz
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kyra Kuhnigk
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Edina K Szabo
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sarah Thunberg
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elina Erikson
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niklas Sandström
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Quentin Verron
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Brech
- Cancell, Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Department for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Department for Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, TU Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Arnika K Wagner
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evren Alici
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Uhlin
- CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Björn Önfelt
- Department of Applied Physics, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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37
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Qin L, Li Q, Wang L, Huang Y. Mass cytometry reveals the corneal immune cell changes at single cell level in diabetic mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1253188. [PMID: 37732130 PMCID: PMC10507693 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1253188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Diabetic ocular complications include sight-threatening consequences and decreased corneal sensitivity, characterized by decreased tear production, corneal sensitivity and delayed corneal epithelial wound healing. The pathogenesis of diabetic corneal disorders remains largely unknown. Growing evidence implies the participation of immune cells in the development of diabetic corneal diseases. Nonetheless, the immunological changes that result in diabetic corneal problems are largely unknown. Methods Mass cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) was used to investigate immune cell cluster alterations associated with diabetic corneal disorders. CyTOF test was performed on corneal cells at a single level from 21-week-old diabetic (db/db) and non-diabetic (db/m) mice. A panel of 41 immune-related markers monitored different immune cell types in diabetic corneas. To investigate the proportion of each immune cell subpopulation, an unsupervised clustering method was employed, and T-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding was used to visualize the distinctions between different immune cell subsets. Results Through CyTOF test, we identified 10 immune cell subsets in the corneal tissues. In a novel way, we discovered significant immune alterations in diabetic corneas, including pronounced alterations in T cells and myeloid cell subgroups in diabetic corneas linked to potential biomarkers, including CD103, CCR2, SiglecF, Ly6G, and CD172a. Comprehensive immunological profiling indicated remarkable changes in the immune microenvironment in diabetic corneas, characterized by a notable decrease in CD103+CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells and Tregs, as well as a dramatic increase of γδT cells and subsets of CD11b+Ly6G+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Conclusion CyTOF analysis revealed significant alterations in the immune microenvironment during the development of diabetic corneal complications. This study mapped the immune microenvironment landscape of type 2 diabetic corneas, providing a fundamental understanding of immune-driven diabetic corneal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yifei Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center, Chinese People's Liberation Army of China General Hospital, Beijing, China
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38
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Mamedov MR, Vedova S, Freimer JW, Sahu AD, Ramesh A, Arce MM, Meringa AD, Ota M, Chen PA, Hanspers K, Nguyen VQ, Takeshima KA, Rios AC, Pritchard JK, Kuball J, Sebestyen Z, Adams EJ, Marson A. CRISPR screens decode cancer cell pathways that trigger γδ T cell detection. Nature 2023; 621:188-195. [PMID: 37648854 PMCID: PMC11003766 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
γδ T cells are potent anticancer effectors with the potential to target tumours broadly, independent of patient-specific neoantigens or human leukocyte antigen background1-5. γδ T cells can sense conserved cell stress signals prevalent in transformed cells2,3, although the mechanisms behind the targeting of stressed target cells remain poorly characterized. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells-the most abundant subset of human γδ T cells4-recognize a protein complex containing butyrophilin 2A1 (BTN2A1) and BTN3A1 (refs. 6-8), a widely expressed cell surface protein that is activated by phosphoantigens abundantly produced by tumour cells. Here we combined genome-wide CRISPR screens in target cancer cells to identify pathways that regulate γδ T cell killing and BTN3A cell surface expression. The screens showed previously unappreciated multilayered regulation of BTN3A abundance on the cell surface and triggering of γδ T cells through transcription, post-translational modifications and membrane trafficking. In addition, diverse genetic perturbations and inhibitors disrupting metabolic pathways in the cancer cells, particularly ATP-producing processes, were found to alter BTN3A levels. This induction of both BTN3A and BTN2A1 during metabolic crises is dependent on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Finally, small-molecule activation of AMPK in a cell line model and in patient-derived tumour organoids led to increased expression of the BTN2A1-BTN3A complex and increased Vγ9Vδ2 T cell receptor-mediated killing. This AMPK-dependent mechanism of metabolic stress-induced ligand upregulation deepens our understanding of γδ T cell stress surveillance and suggests new avenues available to enhance γδ T cell anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murad R. Mamedov
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shane Vedova
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jacob W. Freimer
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Avinash Das Sahu
- Department of Data Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- UNM Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Amrita Ramesh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maya M. Arce
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Angelo D. Meringa
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mineto Ota
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Peixin Amy Chen
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristina Hanspers
- Institute of Data Science and Biotechnology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vinh Q. Nguyen
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- UCSF CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Anne C. Rios
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan K. Pritchard
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jürgen Kuball
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zsolt Sebestyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erin J. Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Marson
- Gladstone-UCSF Institute of Genomic Immunology, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Bonini C, Chapuis AG, Hudecek M, Guedan S, Magnani C, Qasim W. Genome Editing in Engineered T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Gene Ther 2023; 34:853-869. [PMID: 37694593 PMCID: PMC10623081 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced gene transfer technologies and profound immunological insights have enabled substantial increases in the efficacy of anticancer adoptive cellular therapy (ACT). In recent years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency have approved six engineered T cell therapeutic products, all chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells directed against B cell malignancies. Despite encouraging clinical results, engineered T cell therapy is still constrained by challenges, which could be addressed by genome editing. As RNA-guided Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats technology passes its 10-year anniversary, we review emerging applications of genome editing approaches designed to (1) overcome resistance to therapy, including cancer immune evasion mechanisms; (2) avoid unwanted immune reactions related to allogeneic T cell products; (3) increase fitness, expansion capacity, persistence, and potency of engineered T cells, while preserving their safety profile; and (4) improve the ability of therapeutic cells to resist immunosuppressive signals active in the tumor microenvironment. Overall, these innovative approaches should widen the safe and effective use of ACT to larger number of patients affected by cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bonini
- Experimental Hematology Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Aude G Chapuis
- Program in Immunology, Division of Translational Sciences and Therapeutics, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Hudecek
- Lehrstuhl für Zelluläre Immuntherapie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sonia Guedan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Clinic, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Magnani
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Comprehensive Cancer Center Zurich (CCCZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Waseem Qasim
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
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40
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Tang L, Huang Z, Mei H, Hu Y. Immunotherapy in hematologic malignancies: achievements, challenges and future prospects. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:306. [PMID: 37591844 PMCID: PMC10435569 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01521-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune-cell origin of hematologic malignancies provides a unique avenue for the understanding of both the mechanisms of immune responsiveness and immune escape, which has accelerated the progress of immunotherapy. Several categories of immunotherapies have been developed and are being further evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of blood cancers, including stem cell transplantation, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antigen-targeted antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, tumor vaccines, and adoptive cell therapies. These immunotherapies have shown the potential to induce long-term remission in refractory or relapsed patients and have led to a paradigm shift in cancer treatment with great clinical success. Different immunotherapeutic approaches have their advantages but also shortcomings that need to be addressed. To provide clinicians with timely information on these revolutionary therapeutic approaches, the comprehensive review provides historical perspectives on the applications and clinical considerations of the immunotherapy. Here, we first outline the recent advances that have been made in the understanding of the various categories of immunotherapies in the treatment of hematologic malignancies. We further discuss the specific mechanisms of action, summarize the clinical trials and outcomes of immunotherapies in hematologic malignancies, as well as the adverse effects and toxicity management and then provide novel insights into challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Tang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, 430022, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongpei Huang
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, 430022, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Heng Mei
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Clinical Medical Center of Cell Therapy for Neoplastic Disease, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, the Ministry of Education, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biological Targeted Therapy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China.
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41
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Zlatareva I, Wu Y. Local γδ T cells: translating promise to practice in cancer immunotherapy. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:393-405. [PMID: 37311978 PMCID: PMC10403623 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02303-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid bench-to-bedside translation of basic immunology to cancer immunotherapy has revolutionised the clinical practice of oncology over the last decade. Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting αβ T cells now offer durable remissions and even cures for some patients with hitherto treatment-refractory metastatic cancers. Unfortunately, these treatments only benefit a minority of patients and efforts to improve efficacy through combination therapies utilising αβ T cells have seen diminishing returns. Alongside αβ T cells and B cells, γδ T cells are a third lineage of adaptive lymphocytes. Less is known about these cells, and they remain relatively untested in cancer immunotherapy. Whilst preclinical evidence supports their utility, the few early-phase trials involving γδ T cells have failed to demonstrate convincing efficacy in solid cancers. Here we review recent progress in our understanding of how these cells are regulated, especially locally within tissues, and the potential for translation. In particular, we focus on the latest advances in the field of butyrophilin (BTN) and BTN-like (BTNL) regulation of γδ T cells and speculate on how these advances may address the limitations of historical approaches in utilising these cells, as well as how they may inform novel approaches in deploying these cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Zlatareva
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Yin Wu
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
- Centre for Inflammation Biology and Cancer Immunology, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
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Zheng Z, Wieder T, Mauerer B, Schäfer L, Kesselring R, Braumüller H. T Cells in Colorectal Cancer: Unravelling the Function of Different T Cell Subsets in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11673. [PMID: 37511431 PMCID: PMC10380781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic options for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) are very limited, and the prognosis using combination therapy with a chemotherapeutic drug and a targeted agent, e.g., epidermal growth factor receptor or tyrosine kinase, remains poor. Therefore, mCRC is associated with a poor median overall survival (mOS) of only 25-30 months. Current immunotherapies with checkpoint inhibitor blockade (ICB) have led to a substantial change in the treatment of several cancers, such as melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer. In CRC, ICB has only limited effects, except in patients with microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) tumors, which comprise about 15% of sporadic CRC patients and about 4% of patients with metastatic CRC. The vast majority of sporadic CRCs are microsatellite-stable (MSS) tumors with low levels of infiltrating immune cells, in which immunotherapy has no clinical benefit so far. Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors requires the presence of infiltrating T cells into the tumor microenvironment (TME). This makes T cells the most important effector cells in the TME, as evidenced by the establishment of the immunoscore-a method to estimate the prognosis of CRC patients. The microenvironment of a tumor contains several types of T cells that are anti-tumorigenic, such as CD8+ T cells or pro-tumorigenic, such as regulatory T cells (Tregs) or T helper 17 (Th17) cells. However, even CD8+ T cells show marked heterogeneity, e.g., they can become exhausted, enter a state of hyporesponsiveness or become dysfunctional and express high levels of checkpoint molecules, the targets for ICB. To kill cancer cells, CD8+ T cells need the recognition of the MHC class I, which is often downregulated on colorectal cancer cells. In this case, a population of unconventional T cells with a γδ T cell receptor can overcome the limitations of the conventional CD8+ T cells with an αβT cell receptor. γδ T cells recognize antigens in an MHC-independent manner, thus acting as a bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we discuss the effects of different T cell subsets in colorectal cancer with a special emphasis on γδ T cells and the possibility of using them in CAR-T cell therapy. We explain T cell exclusion in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer and the possibilities to overcome this exclusion to enable immunotherapy even in these "cold" tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zheng
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieder
- Department of Vegetative and Clinical Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Mauerer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Schäfer
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Rebecca Kesselring
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heidi Braumüller
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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Meringa AD, Hernández-López P, Cleven A, de Witte M, Straetemans T, Kuball J, Beringer DX, Sebestyen Z. Strategies to improve γδTCRs engineered T-cell therapies for the treatment of solid malignancies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1159337. [PMID: 37441064 PMCID: PMC10333927 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1159337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A. D. Meringa
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - P. Hernández-López
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - A. Cleven
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - M. de Witte
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - T. Straetemans
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - J. Kuball
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - D. X. Beringer
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Z. Sebestyen
- Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Rimailho L, Faria C, Domagala M, Laurent C, Bezombes C, Poupot M. γδ T cells in immunotherapies for B-cell malignancies. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1200003. [PMID: 37426670 PMCID: PMC10325712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the advancements in therapy for B cell malignancies and the increase in long-term survival of patients, almost half of them lead to relapse. Combinations of chemotherapy and monoclonal antibodies such as anti-CD20 leads to mixed outcomes. Recent developments in immune cell-based therapies are showing many encouraging results. γδ T cells, with their potential of functional plasticity and their anti-tumoral properties, emerged as good candidates for cancer immunotherapies. The representation and the diversity of γδ T cells in tissues and in the blood, in physiological conditions or in B-cell malignancies such as B cell lymphoma, chronic lymphoblastic leukemia or multiple myeloma, provides the possibility to manipulate them with immunotherapeutic approaches for these patients. In this review, we summarized several strategies based on the activation and tumor-targeting of γδ T cells, optimization of expansion protocols, and development of gene-modified γδ T cells, using combinations of antibodies and therapeutic drugs and adoptive cell therapy with autologous or allogenic γδ T cells following potential genetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Rimailho
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Carla Faria
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marcin Domagala
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Laurent
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Department of Pathology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopôle, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Bezombes
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Mary Poupot
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), UMR1037 Inserm-Univ. Toulouse III Paul Sabatier-ERL5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France
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Ng JWK, Tan KW, Guo DY, Lai JJH, Fan X, Poon Z, Lim TH, Lim AST, Lim TKH, Hwang WYK, Li S, Eaves CJ, Goh YT, Cheung AMS. Cord blood-derived V δ2 + and V δ2 - T cells acquire differential cell state compositions upon in vitro expansion. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf3120. [PMID: 37327346 PMCID: PMC10275585 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf3120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human cord blood-derived γδ T cells (CBγδ) display a highly diverse TCRγδ repertoire and have a unique subtype composition different from fetal or adult peripheral blood counterparts. We expanded CBγδ in vitro using an irradiated Epstein-Barr virus-transformed feeder cell-based modified rapid expansion protocol (REP). Single-cell RNA sequencing tracked progressive differentiation of naïve CBγδ into cells expressing neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte as well as tissue-resident memory precursor-like and antigen-presenting cell-like gene signatures. TCRγδ clonal tracing revealed a bias toward cytotoxic effector differentiation in a much larger proportion of Vδ2- clones compared to Vδ2+ clones, resulting in the former being more cytotoxic at the population level. These clonotype-specific differentiation dynamics were not restricted to REP and were recapitulated upon secondary nonviral antigen stimulations. Thus, our data showed intrinsic cellular differences between major subtypes of human γδ T cells already in operation at early postnatal stage and highlighted key areas of consideration in optimizing cell manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Wee Kiat Ng
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Translational Pathology Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kar Wai Tan
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Tessa Therapeutics Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dian Yan Guo
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joey Jia Hui Lai
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiubo Fan
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhiyong Poon
- Department of Clinical Translational Research, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-Medicine, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tse Hui Lim
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Cytogenetics Laboratory, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alvin Soon Tiong Lim
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Cytogenetics Laboratory, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Translational Pathology Centre, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - William Ying Khee Hwang
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shang Li
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Yeow Tee Goh
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alice Man Sze Cheung
- Department of Haematology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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Li X, Liang H, Fan J. Prospects of Cytomegalovirus-Specific T-Cell Receptors in Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy. Viruses 2023; 15:1334. [PMID: 37376633 DOI: 10.3390/v15061334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is responsible for widespread infections worldwide. In immunocompetent individuals it is typically latent, while infection or reactivation in immunocompromised individuals can result in severe clinical symptoms or even death. Although there has been significant progress in the treatment and diagnosis of HCMV infection in recent years, numerous shortcomings and developmental limitations persist. There is an urgent need to develop innovative, safe, and effective treatments, as well as to explore early and timely diagnostic strategies for HCMV infection. Cell-mediated immune responses are the primary factor controlling HCMV infection and replication, but the protective role of humoral immune responses remains controversial. T-cells, key effector cells of the cellular immune system, are critical for clearing and preventing HCMV infection. The T-cell receptor (TCR) lies at the heart of T-cell immune responses, and its diversity enables the immune system to differentiate between self and non-self. Given the significant influence of cellular immunity on human health and the indispensable role of the TCR in T-cell immune responses, we posit that the impact of TCR on the development of novel diagnostic and prognostic methods, as well as on patient monitoring and management of clinical HCMV infection, will be far-reaching and profound. High-throughput and single-cell sequencing technologies have facilitated unprecedented quantitative detection of TCR diversity. With these current sequencing technologies, researchers have already obtained a vast number of TCR sequences. It is plausible that in the near future studies on TCR repertoires will be instrumental in assessing vaccine efficacy, immunotherapeutic strategies, and the early diagnosis of HCMV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejie Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Hanying Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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Guo S, Yao Y, Tang Y, Xin Z, Wu D, Ni C, Huang J, Wei Q, Zhang T. Radiation-induced tumor immune microenvironments and potential targets for combination therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:205. [PMID: 37208386 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the four major means of cancer treatment including surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, immunotherapy, RT can be applied to various cancers as both a radical cancer treatment and an adjuvant treatment before or after surgery. Although RT is an important modality for cancer treatment, the consequential changes caused by RT in the tumor microenvironment (TME) have not yet been fully elucidated. RT-induced damage to cancer cells leads to different outcomes, such as survival, senescence, or death. During RT, alterations in signaling pathways result in changes in the local immune microenvironment. However, some immune cells are immunosuppressive or transform into immunosuppressive phenotypes under specific conditions, leading to the development of radioresistance. Patients who are radioresistant respond poorly to RT and may experience cancer progression. Given that the emergence of radioresistance is inevitable, new radiosensitization treatments are urgently needed. In this review, we discuss the changes in irradiated cancer cells and immune cells in the TME under different RT regimens and describe existing and potential molecules that could be targeted to improve the therapeutic effects of RT. Overall, this review highlights the possibilities of synergistic therapy by building on existing research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yihan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zengfeng Xin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dang Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Breast Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immune Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, National Ministry of Education), Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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48
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Tang B, Wang Y, Zhu J, Song J, Fang S, Weng Q, Yang Y, Tu J, Zhao Z, Chen M, Xu M, Chen W, Ji J. TACE responser NDRG1 acts as a guardian against ferroptosis to drive tumorgenesis and metastasis in HCC. Biol Proced Online 2023; 25:13. [PMID: 37208604 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-023-00199-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The treatment efficacy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) varies widely between individuals. The aim of this study was to identify subtype landscapes and responser related to TACE, and further clarify the regulatory effect and corresponding mechanism of NDRG1 on HCC tumorgenesis and metastasis. METHODS The principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm was used to construct a TACE response scoring (TRscore) system. The random forest algorithm was applied to identify the TACE response-related core gene NDRG1 of HCC, and its role in the prognosis of HCC was explored. The role of NDRG1 in the progression and metastasis of HCC and functional mechanism were confirmed using several experimental methods. RESULTS Based on the GSE14520 and GSE104580 cohorts, we identified 2 TACE response-related molecular subtypes for HCC with significant differences in clinical features, and the TACE prognosis of Cluster A was significantly better than that of Cluster B (p < 0.0001). We then established the TRscore system and found that the low TRscore group showed a higher probability of survival and a lower rate of recurrence than the high TRscore group (p < 0.05) in both the HCC and TACE-treated HCC cohorts within the GSE14520 cohort. NDRG1 was determined to be the the hub gene associated with the TACE response of HCC and its high expression suggested a poor prognosis. Furthermore, The suppression of NDRG1 konckdown in tumorgenesis and metastasis of HCC was clarified in both vivo and vitro, which was importantly achieved through inducing ferroptosis in HCC cells, especially contributing to RLS3-induced ferroptosis. CONCLUSION The constructed TACE response-related molecular subtypes and TRscores can specifically and accurately predict TACE prognosis for HCC. In addition, the TACE response-related hub gene NDRG1 may act as a guardian against ferroptosis to drive tumorgenesis and metastasis in HCC, which laid a new foundation for the development of new potential targeted therapy strategies to improve disease prognosis in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jianfei Tu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Weiqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Department of Radiology, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
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49
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Frieling JS, Tordesillas L, Bustos XE, Ramello MC, Bishop RT, Cianne JE, Snedal SA, Li T, Lo CH, de la Iglesia J, Roselli E, Benzaïd I, Wang X, Kim Y, Lynch CC, Abate-Daga D. γδ-Enriched CAR-T cell therapy for bone metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf0108. [PMID: 37134157 PMCID: PMC10156127 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has been largely unsuccessful for the treatment of bone metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Here, we report a combinatorial strategy to treat mCRPC using γδ-enriched chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells and zoledronate (ZOL). In a preclinical murine model of bone mCRPC, γδ CAR-T cells targeting prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) induced a rapid and significant regression of established tumors, combined with increased survival and reduced cancer-associated bone disease. Pretreatment with ZOL, a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved bisphosphonate prescribed to mitigate pathological fracture in mCRPC patients, resulted in CAR-independent activation of γδ CAR-T cells, increased cytokine secretion, and enhanced antitumor efficacy. These data show that the activity of the endogenous Vγ9Vδ2 T cell receptor is preserved in CAR-T cells, allowing for dual-receptor recognition of tumor cells. Collectively, our findings support the use of γδ CAR-T cell therapy for mCRPC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S. Frieling
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Leticia Tordesillas
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xiomar E. Bustos
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Maria Cecilia Ramello
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ryan T. Bishop
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Junior E. Cianne
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sebastian A. Snedal
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chen Hao Lo
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Janis de la Iglesia
- Department of Pathology Research, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Emiliano Roselli
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ismahène Benzaïd
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Youngchul Kim
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Conor C. Lynch
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Daniel Abate-Daga
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
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50
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Liu Z, Ren C, Cai J, Yin B, Yuan J, Ding R, Ming W, Sun Y, Li Y. A Novel Aging-Related Prognostic lncRNA Signature Correlated with Immune Cell Infiltration and Response to Immunotherapy in Breast Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083283. [PMID: 37110517 PMCID: PMC10141963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is among the most universal malignant tumors in women worldwide. Aging is a complex phenomenon, caused by a variety of factors, that plays a significant role in tumor development. Consequently, it is crucial to screen for prognostic aging-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BC. The BC samples from the breast-invasive carcinoma cohort were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The differential expression of aging-related lncRNAs (DEarlncRNAs) was screened by Pearson correlation analysis. Univariate Cox regression, LASSO-Cox analysis, and multivariate Cox analysis were performed to construct an aging-related lncRNA signature. The signature was validated in the GSE20685 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Subsequently, a nomogram was constructed to predict survival in BC patients. The accuracy of prediction performance was assessed through the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, Kaplan-Meier analysis, principal component analyses, decision curve analysis, calibration curve, and concordance index. Finally, differences in tumor mutational burden, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and patients' response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy between the high- and low-risk score groups were explored. Analysis of the TCGA cohort revealed a six aging-related lncRNA signature consisting of MCF2L-AS1, USP30-AS1, OTUD6B-AS1, MAPT-AS1, PRR34-AS1, and DLGAP1-AS1. The time-dependent ROC curve proved the optimal predictability for prognosis in BC patients with areas under curves (AUCs) of 0.753, 0.772, and 0.722 in 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively. Patients in the low-risk group had better overall survival and significantly lower total tumor mutational burden. Meanwhile, the high-risk group had a lower proportion of tumor-killing immune cells. The low-risk group could benefit more from immunotherapy and some chemotherapeutics than the high-risk group. The aging-related lncRNA signature can provide new perspectives and methods for early BC diagnosis and therapeutic targets, especially tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chongkang Ren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jinyi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Baohui Yin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China
| | - Jingjie Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Rongjuan Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Wenzhuo Ming
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yunxiao Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264100, China
| | - Youjie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
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