1
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Behara S, Thomas J, Van der Ven A. Fundamental Thermodynamic, Kinetic, and Mechanical Properties of Lithium and Its Alloys. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2024; 36:7370-7387. [PMID: 39156718 PMCID: PMC11325559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.4c01279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Lithium alloying reactions are beneficial in promoting uniform plating and stripping of lithium metal in all-solid-state batteries. First-principles calculations are performed to predict thermodynamic, kinetic, and mechanical properties of lithium and several important Li-M alloys (M = Mg, Ag, Zn, Al, Ga, In, Sn, Sb, and Bi). While the Li-Mg binary system forms a solid solution, most other lithium-metal alloys prefer stoichiometric intermetallic compounds with common local motifs that enable fast Li diffusion. Lithium and Li-rich alloys exhibit an unusually flat energy landscape along paths that connect BCC to close-packed structures like FCC and HCP, with important implications for mechanical properties. Very low migration barriers for Li diffusion that rival those of superion conductors are predicted, both in pure Li and in Li-M intermetallics. However, vacancy concentration, which is crucial for substitutional diffusion, is predicted to be low in metallic Li and most Li-M intermetallics. Compounds such as B32 LiAl and LiGa as well as D03 Li3Sb and Li3Bi exhibit structural vacancies at higher ends of their voltage windows, which together with low migration barriers leads to exceptionally high Li mobilities. In the Li-Mg solid solution, the addition of Mg is found to decrease the vacancy tracer diffusion coefficient by an order of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sesha
Sai Behara
- Materials
Department, University of California Santa
Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Jeremiah Thomas
- Materials
Department, University of California Santa
Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Anton Van der Ven
- Materials
Department, University of California Santa
Barbara, Santa
Barbara, California 93106, United States
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2
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Lee JH, Heo JY, Kim JY, Bae KY, Son S, Lee JH. Lithium-silver alloys in anode-less batteries: comparison in liquid- and solid-electrolytes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:8268-8271. [PMID: 39012327 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02704c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
This study comprehensively investigates the phase evolution of silver-carbon composite (Ag/C) layers in anode-less batteries with both liquid and solid electrolytes. The results of in situ X-ray diffraction and cross-sectional electron microscopy analyses reveal that the alloying reaction of Ag and Li is more homogeneous in solid-electrolyte-based cells compared to liquid-electrolyte-based cells. This homogeneity is attributed to diffusional Coble creep across the heterogeneous interfaces of Ag/C layers and solid electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hyeon Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and KNU Advanced Material Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong Yeon Heo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and KNU Advanced Material Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Young Kim
- Advanced Battery Development Group, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong-si, Gyeongi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yoon Bae
- Advanced Battery Development Group, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong-si, Gyeongi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Samick Son
- Advanced Battery Development Group, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong-si, Gyeongi-do 16082, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and KNU Advanced Material Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Yoon SG, Vishnugopi BS, Alsaç EP, Jeong WJ, Sandoval SE, Nelson DL, Ayyaswamy A, Mukherjee PP, McDowell MT. Synergistic Evolution of Alloy Nanoparticles and Carbon in Solid-State Lithium Metal Anode Composites at Low Stack Pressure. ACS NANO 2024; 18:20792-20805. [PMID: 39074070 PMCID: PMC11308923 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c07687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries with Li metal anodes can offer increased energy density compared to Li-ion batteries. However, the performance of pure Li anodes has been limited by morphological instabilities at the interface between Li and the solid-state electrolyte (SSE). Composites of Li metal with other materials such as carbon and Li alloys have exhibited improved cycling stability, but the mechanisms associated with this enhanced performance are not clear, especially at the low stack pressures needed for practical viability. Here, we investigate the structural evolution and correlated electrochemical behavior of Li metal composites containing reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and Li-Ag alloy particles. The nanoscale carbon scaffold maintains homogeneous contact with the SSE during stripping and facilitates Li transport to the interface; these effects largely prevent interfacial disconnection even at low stack pressure. The Li-Ag is needed to ensure cyclic refilling of the rGO scaffold with Li during plating, and the solid-solution character of Li-Ag improves cycling stability compared to other materials that form intermetallic compounds. Full cells with sulfur cathodes were tested at relatively low stack pressure, achieving 100 stable cycles with 79% capacity retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Geun Yoon
- George
W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Bairav S. Vishnugopi
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Elif Pınar Alsaç
- George
W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Won Joon Jeong
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Stephanie Elizabeth Sandoval
- George
W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Douglas Lars Nelson
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Abhinand Ayyaswamy
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Partha P. Mukherjee
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Matthew T. McDowell
- George
W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia
Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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4
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Shen Y, Yan F, Yang H, Xu J, Geng B, Liu L, Zhu C, Zhang X, Chen Y. Encapsulating CoNi nanoparticles into nitrogen-doped carbon nanotube arrays as bifunctional oxygen electrocatalyst for rechargeable zinc-air batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 677:842-852. [PMID: 39126802 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The high theoretical specific energy and environmental friendliness of zinc-air batteries (ZABs) have garnered significant attention. However, the practical application of ZABs requires overcoming the sluggish kinetics associated with oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, 3D self-supported nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) arrays encapsulated by CoNi nanoparticles on carbon fiber cloth (CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC) are synthesized as bifunctional catalysts for OER and ORR. The 3D interconnected N-CNTs arrays not only improve the electrical conductivity, the permeation and gas escape capabilities of the electrode, but also enhance the corrosion resistance of CoNi metals. DFT calculations reveal that the co-existence of Co and Ni synergistically reduces the energy barrier for OOH conversion to OH, thereby optimizing the Gibbs free energy of the catalysts. Additionally, analysis of the change in energy barrier during the rate-determining step suggests that the primary catalytic active center is Ni site for OER. As a result, CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC exhibits superior catalytic activity with an overpotential of 240 mV at 10 mA cm-2 toward OER, and the onset potential of 0.92 V for ORR. Moreover, utilization of CoNi@N-CNTs/CFC in liquid and solid-state ZABs exhibited exceptional stability, manifesting a consistent cycling operation lasting for 100 and 15 h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices Physics for Oceanic Applications, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices Physics for Oceanic Applications, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Huan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices Physics for Oceanic Applications, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jia Xu
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Applied Science, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Bo Geng
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Lina Liu
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Chunling Zhu
- Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
| | - Xitian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yujin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Photonic Materials and Devices Physics for Oceanic Applications, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Key Laboratory of In-Fiber Integrated Optics of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China; Laboratory of Superlight Materials and Surface Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China.
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5
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Choi H, Cho S, Kim YS, Cho JS, Kim H, Lee H, Ko S, Kim K, Lee SM, Hong ST, Choi CH, Seo DH, Park S. An Effective Catholyte for Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Batteries Utilizing Gas Absorbents. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403147. [PMID: 38989706 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) possess the advantage of ensuring safety while simultaneously maximizing energy density, making them suitable for next-generation battery models. In particular, sulfide solid electrolytes (SSEs) are viewed as promising candidates for ASSB electrolytes due to their excellent ionic conductivity. However, a limitation exists in the form of interfacial side reactions occurring between the SSEs and cathode active materials (CAMs), as well as the generation of sulfide-based gases within the SSE. These issues lead to a reduction in the capacity of CAMs and an increase in internal resistance within the cell. To address these challenges, cathode composite materials incorporating zinc oxide (ZnO) are fabricated, effectively reducing various side reactions occurring in CAMs. Acting as a semiconductor, ZnO helps mitigate the rapid oxidation of the solid electrolyte facilitated by an electronic pathway, thereby minimizing side reactions, while maintaining electron pathways to the active material. Additionally, it absorbs sulfide-based gases, thus protecting the lithium ions within CAMs. In this study, the mass spectrometer is employed to observe gas generation phenomena within the ASSB cell. Furthermore, a clear elucidation of the side reactions occurring at the cathode and the causes of capacity reduction in ASSB are provided through density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunbeen Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjin Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seong Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Sic Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Haesol Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungjin Lee
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technolohy (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Ko
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Eco Materials Technology (GIFT), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjun Kim
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Eco Materials Technology (GIFT), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Graduate Institute of Ferrous & Eco Materials Technology (GIFT), Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Tae Hong
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technolohy (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hyuck Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Seo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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6
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Fang H, Pan Y, Wu B, Lu C, Ouyang W, Liu Z. Diffusion-Mediated Superelongation in Metal Nanorods. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:256201. [PMID: 38996262 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.256201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
We report in situ electron microscopy observation of the superelongation deformation of low-melting-point metal nanorods. Specifically, metal nanorods with diameters as small as 143 nm can undergo uniform stretching by an extraordinary 786% at ∼0.87T_{m} without necking. Moreover, the corresponding fracture stress exhibits a pronounced size effect. By combining experimental observations with molecular dynamic simulations, a crystal-core-liquid-shell structure is revealed, based on which a constitutive model that incorporates diffusion creep mechanism and surface tension effect is developed to rationalize the findings. This study not only establishes a pioneering reference for comprehending the diffusion-dominated constitutive response of nanoscale materials but also has substantial implications for strategic design and processing of metals in high-temperature applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Fang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yangyang Pan
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bozhao Wu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Cai Lu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wengen Ouyang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
- The Institute of Technological Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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7
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Lee J, Zhao C, Wang C, Chen A, Sun X, Amine K, Xu GL. Bridging the gap between academic research and industrial development in advanced all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:5264-5290. [PMID: 38619389 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00439b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The energy storage and vehicle industries are heavily investing in advancing all-solid-state batteries to overcome critical limitations in existing liquid electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries, specifically focusing on mitigating fire hazards and improving energy density. All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs), featuring earth-abundant sulfur cathodes, high-capacity metallic lithium anodes, and non-flammable solid electrolytes, hold significant promise. Despite these appealing advantages, persistent challenges like sluggish sulfur redox kinetics, lithium metal failure, solid electrolyte degradation, and manufacturing complexities hinder their practical use. To facilitate the transition of these technologies to an industrial scale, bridging the gap between fundamental scientific research and applied R&D activities is crucial. Our review will address the inherent challenges in cell chemistries within ASSLSBs, explore advanced characterization techniques, and delve into innovative cell structure designs. Furthermore, we will provide an overview of the recent trends in R&D and investment activities from both academia and industry. Building on the fundamental understandings and significant progress that has been made thus far, our objective is to motivate the battery community to advance ASSLSBs in a practical direction and propel the industrialized process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Chen Zhao
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Changhong Wang
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, P. R. China
| | - Anna Chen
- Laurel Heights Secondary School, 650 Laurelwood Dr, Waterloo, ON, N2V 2V1, Canada
| | - Xueliang Sun
- Eastern Institute for Advanced Study, Eastern Institute of Technology, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315200, P. R. China
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Gui-Liang Xu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S Cass Ave, Lemont, IL 60439, USA.
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8
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Xiong X, Lin T, Tian C, Jiang G, Xu R, Li H, Chen L, Suo L. Creep-type all-solid-state cathode achieving long life. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3706. [PMID: 38698026 PMCID: PMC11065878 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical-mechanical coupling poses enormous challenges to the interfacial and structural stability but create new opportunities to design innovative all-solid-state batteries from scratch. Relying on the solid-solid constraint in the space-limited domain structure, we propose to exploit the lithiation-induced stress to drive the active materials creep, thereby improving the structural integrity. For demonstration, we fabricate the creep-type all-solid-state cathode using creepable Se material and an all-in-one rigid ionic/electronic conducting Mo6Se8 framework. As indicated by the in-situ experiment and numerical simulation, this cathode presents unique capabilities in improving interparticle contact and avoiding particle fracture, leading to its superior electrochemical performance, including a superior long-cycle life of more than 3000 cycles at 0.5 C and a high volumetric energy density of 2460 Wh/L at the cathode level. We believe this innovative strategy to utilize mechanics to boost the electrochemical performance could shed light on the future design of all-solid-state batteries for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Lin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chunxi Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guoliang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Xu
- State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China.
| | - Hong Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liquan Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Liumin Suo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100190, China.
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Jia Z, Shen H, Kou J, Zhang T, Wang Z, Tang W, Doeff M, Chiang CY, Chen K. Solid Electrolyte Bimodal Grain Structures for Improved Cycling Performance. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309019. [PMID: 38262625 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
The application of solid-state electrolytes in Li batteries is hampered by the occurrence of Li-dendrite-caused short circuits. To avoid cell failure, the electrolytes can only be stressed with rather low current densities, severely restricting their performance. As grain size and pore distributions significantly affect dendrite growth in ceramic electrolytes such as Li7La3Zr2O12 and its variants; here, a "detour and buffer" strategy to bring the superiority of both coarse and fine grains into play, is proposed. To validate the mechanism, a coarse/fine bimodal grain microstructure is obtained by seeding unpulverized large particles in the green body. The rearrangement of coarse grains and fine pores is fine-tuned by changing the ratio of pulverized and unpulverized powders. The optimized bimodal microstructure, obtained when the two powders are equally mixed, allows, without extra interface decoration, cycling for over 2000 h as the current density is increased from 1.0 mA·cm-2, and gradually, up to 2.0 mA·cm-2. The "detour and buffer" effects are confirmed from postmortem analysis. The complex grain boundaries formed by fine grains discourage the direct infiltration of Li. Simultaneously, the coarse grains further increase the tortuosity of the Li path. This study sheds light on the microstructure optimization for the polycrystalline solid-state electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanhui Jia
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Hao Shen
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jiawei Kou
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Marca Doeff
- Energy Storage and Distributed Resources Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ching-Yu Chiang
- Scientific Research Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, Taiwan, 30076, ROC
| | - Kai Chen
- Center for Advancing Materials Performance from the Nanoscale (CAMP-Nano), State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
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10
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Zhang X, Cui X, Li Y, Yang J, Pan Q. A Star-Structured Polymer Electrolyte for Low-Temperature Solid-State Lithium Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400356. [PMID: 38682271 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state polymer lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) have attracted considerable attention because of their excellent safety and high energy density. However, the application of SSLMBs is significantly impeded by uneven Li deposition at the interface between solid-state electrolytes and lithium metal anode, especially at a low temperature. Herein, this issue is addressed by designing an agarose-based solid polymer electrolyte containing branched structure. The star-structured polymer is synthesized by grafting poly (ethylene glycol) monomethyl-ether methacrylate and lithium 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate onto tannic acid. The star structure regulates Li-ion flux in the bulk of the electrolyte and at the electrolyte/electrode interfaces. This unique omnidirectional Li-ion transportation effectively improves ionic conductivity, facilitates a uniform Li-ion flux, inhibits Li dendrite growth, and alleviates polarization. As a result, a solid-state LiFePO4||Li battery with the electrolyte exhibits outstanding cyclability with a specific capacity of 134 mAh g-1 at 0.5C after 800 cycles. The battery shows a high discharge capacity of 145 mAh g-1 at 0.1 C after 200 cycles, even at 0 °C. The study offers a promising strategy to address the uneven Li deposition at the solid-state electrolyte/electrode interface, which has potential applications in long-life solid-state lithium metal batteries at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Source, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Ximing Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Source, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Source, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Source, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Qinmin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Source, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
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11
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Kim KH, Lee MJ, Ryu M, Liu TK, Lee JH, Jung C, Kim JS, Park JH. Near-strain-free anode architecture enabled by interfacial diffusion creep for initial-anode-free quasi-solid-state batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3586. [PMID: 38678023 PMCID: PMC11055892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Anode-free (or lithium-metal-free) batteries with garnet-type solid-state electrolytes are considered a promising path in the development of safe and high-energy-density batteries. However, their practical implementation has been hindered by the internal strain that arises from the repeated plating and stripping of lithium metal at the interlayer between the solid electrolyte and negative electrode. Herein, we utilize the titanium nitrate nanotube architecture and a silver-carbon interlayer to mitigate the anisotropic stress caused by the recurring formation of lithium deposition layers during the cycling process. The mixed ionic-electronic conducting nature of the titanium nitrate nanotubes effectively accommodates the entry of reduced Li into its free volume space via interfacial diffusion creep, achieving near-strain-free operation with nearly tenfold volume suppressing capability compared to a conventional Cu anode counterpart during the lithiation process. Notably, the fabricated Li6.4La3Zr1.7Ta0.3O12 (LLZTO)-based initial-anode-free quasi-solid-state battery full cell, coupled with an ionic liquid catholyte infused high voltage LiNi0.33Co0.33Mn0.33O2-based cathode with an areal capacity of 3.2 mA cm-2, exhibits remarkable room temperature (25 °C) cyclability of over 600 cycles at 1 mA cm-2 with an average coulombic efficiency of 99.8%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Hee Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Jin Lee
- Battery Material TU, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 130, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Minje Ryu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hwan Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhoon Jung
- Analytical Engineering Group, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 130, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Sik Kim
- Battery Material TU, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, 130, Samsung-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 16678, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hyeok Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Zhang D, Gu R, Yang Y, Ge J, Xu J, Xu Q, Shi P, Liu M, Guo Z, Min Y. Sulfonyl Molecules Induced Oriented Lithium Deposition for Long-Term Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315122. [PMID: 38311601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Dendrites growth and unstable interfacial Li+ transport hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we report an active layer of 2,4,6-trihydroxy benzene sulfonyl fluorine on copper substrate that induces oriented Li+ deposition and generates highly crystalline solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) to achieve high-performance LMBs. The lithiophilic -SO2 - groups of highly crystalline SEI accept the rapidly transported Li+ ions and form a dense inner layer of LiF and Li3 N, which regulate Li+ plating morphology along the (110) crystal surface toward dendrite-free Li anode. Thus, Li||Cu cells with lithiophilic SEI achieve an average deposition efficiency of 99.8 % after 700 cycles, and Li||Li cells operate well for 1100 h. Besides, Li||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cells with modified SEI exhibit a capacity retention that is 14 times than that of conventional SEI. Even at -60 °C, Li||Cu cells reach stable deposition efficiency of 83.2 % after 100 cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Rong Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Yunxu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Jinting Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Qunjie Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zaiping Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, the, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Yulin Min
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China
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13
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Ma L, Jiang YK, Xu DR, Fang YY, Li N, Cao DY, Chen L, Lu Y, Huang Q, Su YF, Wu F. Enabling Stable and Low-Strain Lithium Plating/Stripping with 2D Layered Transition Metal Carbides by Forming Li-Zipped MXenes and a Li Halide-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202318721. [PMID: 38294414 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202318721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials demonstrate prominent advantage in regulating lithium plating/stripping behavior by confining lithium diffusion/plating within interlayer gaps. However, achieving effective interlayer confined lithium diffusion/plating without compromising the stability of bulk-structural and the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) remains a considerable challenge. This paper presents an electrochemical scissor and lithium zipper-driven protocol for realizing interlayer confined lithium plating with pretty-low strain and volume change. In this protocol, lithium serves as a "zipper" to reunite the adjacent MXene back to MAX-like phase to markedly enhance the structural stability, and a lithium halide-rich SEI is formed by electrochemically removing the terminals of halogenated MXenes to maintain the stability and rapid lithium ions diffusion of SEI. When the Ti3 C2 I2 serves as the host for lithium plating, the average coulomb efficiency exceeds 97.0 % after 320 lithium plating/stripping cycles in conventional ester electrolyte. Furthermore, a full cell comprising of LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 and Ti3 C2 I2 @Li exhibits a capacity retention rate of 73.4 % after 200 cycles even under high cathode mass-loading (20 mg cm-2 ) and a low negative/positive capacity ratio of 1.4. Our findings advance the understanding of interlayer confined lithium plating in 2D layered materials and provide a new direction in regulating lithium and other metal plating/stripping behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Kang Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Rui Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - You-You Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Duan-Yun Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Lai Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Yue-Feng Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
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14
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Ye L, Lu Y, Wang Y, Li J, Li X. Fast cycling of lithium metal in solid-state batteries by constriction-susceptible anode materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:244-251. [PMID: 38191629 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Interface reaction between lithium (Li) and materials at the anode is not well understood in an all-solid environment. This paper unveils a new phenomenon of constriction susceptibility for materials at such an interface, the utilization of which helps facilitate the design of an active three-dimensional scaffold to host rapid plating and stripping of a significant amount of a thick Li metal layer. Here we focus on the well-known anode material silicon (Si) to demonstrate that, rather than strong Li-Si alloying at the conventional solid-liquid interface, the lithiation reaction of micrometre-sized Si can be significantly constricted at the solid-solid interface so that it occurs only at thin surface sites of Si particles due to a reaction-induced, diffusion-limiting process. The dynamic interaction between surface lithiation and Li plating of a family of anode materials, as predicted by our constrained ensemble computational approach and represented by Si, silver (Ag) and alloys of magnesium (Mg), can thus more homogeneously distribute current densities for the rapid cycling of Li metal at high areal capacity, which is important in regard to solid-state battery application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhan Ye
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yang Lu
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yichao Wang
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jianyuan Li
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Xin Li
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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15
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Tian J, Ji J, Zhu Y, He Y, Li H, Li Y, Luo D, Xing J, Qie L, Sessler JL, Chi X. Phenylboronic Acid Functionalized Calix[4]pyrrole-Based Solid-State Supramolecular Electrolyte. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308507. [PMID: 37885345 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state polymer electrolytes (SPEs) suffer from the low ionic conductivity and poor capability of suppressing lithium (Li) dendrites, which limits their utility in the preparation of all solid-state Li-metal batteries (LMBs). It is reported here a flexible solid supramolecular electrolyte that incorporates a new anion capture agent, namely a phenylboronic acid functionalized calix[4]pyrrole (C4P), into a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) matrix. The resulting solid-state supramolecular electrolyte demonstrates high ionic conductivity (1.9 × 10-3 S cm-1 at 60 °C) and a high Li+ transference number (t Li + ${t}_{{\mathrm{Li}}^{\mathrm{ + }}}$ = 0.70). Furthermore, the assembled Li|C4P-PEO-LiTFSI|LiFePO4 cell allows for stable cycling over 1200 cycles at 1 C at 60 °C, as well as good rate performance. The favorable performance of the C4P-PEO-LiTFSI SPE leads to suggest it can prove useful in the creation of high energy density solid-state LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinya Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jie Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yaling Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yanlei He
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hongbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Dan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiapeng Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Long Qie
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jonathan L Sessler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Xiaodong Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mold Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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16
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Ren L, Hu Z, Peng C, Zhang L, Wang N, Wang F, Xia Y, Zhang S, Hu E, Luo J. Suppressing metal corrosion through identification of optimal crystallographic plane for Zn batteries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309981121. [PMID: 38252819 PMCID: PMC10835070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309981121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Direct use of metals as battery anodes could significantly boost the energy density, but suffers from limited cycling. To make the batteries more sustainable, one strategy is mitigating the propensity for metals to form random morphology during plating through orientation regulation, e.g., hexagonal Zn platelets locked horizontally by epitaxial electrodeposition or vertically aligned through Zn/electrolyte interface modulation. Current strategies center around obtaining (002) faceted deposition due to its minimum surface energy. Here, benefiting from the capability of preparing a library of faceted monocrystalline Zn anodes and controlling the orientation of Zn platelet deposits, we challenge this conventional belief. We show that while monocrystalline (002) faceted Zn electrode with horizontal epitaxy indeed promises the highest critical current density, the (100) faceted electrode with vertically aligned deposits is the most important one in suppressing Zn metal corrosion and promising the best reversibility. Such uniqueness results from the lowest electrochemical surface area of (100) faceted electrode, which intrinsically builds upon the surface atom diffusion barrier and the orientation of the pallets. These new findings based on monocrystalline anodes advance the fundamental understanding of electrodeposition process for sustainable metal batteries and provide a paradigm to explore the processing-structure-property relationships of metal electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Zhenglin Hu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin300072, China
| | - Chengxin Peng
- School of Materials and Chemistry, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai200093, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Yongyao Xia
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200433, China
| | - Suojiang Zhang
- Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100190, China
| | - Enyuan Hu
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973
| | - Jiayan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
- Zhangjiang Institute for Advanced Study, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, China
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17
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Diallo MS, Shi T, Zhang Y, Peng X, Shozib I, Wang Y, Miara LJ, Scott MC, Tu QH, Ceder G. Effect of solid-electrolyte pellet density on failure of solid-state batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:858. [PMID: 38286996 PMCID: PMC10825224 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite the potentially higher energy density and improved safety of solid-state batteries (SSBs) relative to Li-ion batteries, failure due to Li-filament penetration of the solid electrolyte and subsequent short circuit remains a critical issue. Herein, we show that Li-filament growth is suppressed in solid-electrolyte pellets with a relative density beyond ~95%. Below this threshold value, however, the battery shorts more easily as the density increases due to faster Li-filament growth within the percolating pores in the pellet. The microstructural properties (e.g., pore size, connectivity, porosity, and tortuosity) of [Formula: see text] with various relative densities are quantified using focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy tomography and permeability tests. Furthermore, modeling results provide details on the Li-filament growth inside pores ranging from 0.2 to 2 μm in size. Our findings improve the understanding of the failure modes of SSBs and provide guidelines for the design of dendrite-free SSBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamad S Diallo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Tan Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Yaqian Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Xinxing Peng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Imtiaz Shozib
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Advanced Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology-America, Samsung Semiconductor Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Lincoln J Miara
- Advanced Materials Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology-America, Samsung Semiconductor Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Mary C Scott
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
- National Center for Electron Microscopy, Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Qingsong Howard Tu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
| | - Gerbrand Ceder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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18
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Peng B, Liu Z, Zhou Q, Xiong X, Xia S, Yuan X, Wang F, Ozoemena KI, Liu L, Fu L, Wu Y. A Solid-State Electrolyte Based on Li 0.95 Na 0.05 FePO 4 for Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307142. [PMID: 37742099 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) play a crucial role in developing lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with high safety and energy density. Exploring SSEs with excellent comprehensive performance is the key to achieving the practical application of LMBs. In this work, the great potential of Li0.95 Na0.05 FePO4 (LNFP) as an ideal SSE due to its enhanced ionic conductivity and reliable stability in contact with lithium metal anode is demonstrated. Moreover, LNFP-based composite solid electrolytes (CSEs) are prepared to further improve electronic insulation and interface stability. The CSE containing 50 wt% of LNFP (LNFP50) shows high ionic conductivity (3.58 × 10-4 S cm-1 at 25 °C) and good compatibility with Li metal anode and cathodes. Surprisingly, the LMB of Li|LNFP50|LiFePO4 cell at 0.5 C current density shows good cycling stability (151.5 mAh g-1 for 500 cycles, 96.5% capacity retention, and 99.3% Coulombic efficiency), and high-energy LMB of Li|LNFP50|Li[Ni0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 ]O2 cell maintains 80% capacity retention after 170 cycles, which are better than that with traditional liquid electrolytes (LEs). This investigation offers a new approach to commercializing SSEs with excellent comprehensive performance for high-performance LMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Peng
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Zaichun Liu
- Confucius Energy Storage Lab, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zhou
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Xiong
- Confucius Energy Storage Lab, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Shuang Xia
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Xuelong Yuan
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Faxing Wang
- Confucius Energy Storage Lab, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth I Ozoemena
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050, South Africa
| | - Lili Liu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Fu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Wu
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 211816, P. R. China
- Confucius Energy Storage Lab, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, P. R. China
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19
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Wan H, Xu J, Wang C. Designing electrolytes and interphases for high-energy lithium batteries. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:30-44. [PMID: 38097662 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-023-00557-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
High-energy and stable lithium-ion batteries are desired for next-generation electric devices and vehicles. To achieve their development, the formation of stable interfaces on high-capacity anodes and high-voltage cathodes is crucial. However, such interphases in certain commercialized Li-ion batteries are not stable. Due to internal stresses during operation, cracks are formed in the interphase and electrodes; the presence of such cracks allows for the formation of Li dendrites and new interphases, resulting in a decay of the energy capacity. In this Review, we highlight electrolyte design strategies to form LiF-rich interphases in different battery systems. In aqueous electrolytes, the hydrophobic LiF can extend the electrochemical stability window of aqueous electrolytes. In organic liquid electrolytes, the highly lithiophobic LiF can suppress Li dendrite formation and growth. Electrolyte design aimed at forming LiF-rich interphases has substantially advanced high-energy aqueous and non-aqueous Li-ion batteries. The electrolyte and interphase design principles discussed here are also applicable to solid-state batteries, as a strategy to achieve long cycle life under low stack pressure, as well as to construct other metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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20
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Mičky S, Šimon E, Todt J, Végsö K, Nádaždy P, Krížik P, Majková E, Keckes J, Li J, Siffalovic P. Operando Spatial and Temporal Tracking of Axial Stresses and Interfaces in Solid-state Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2307837. [PMID: 38044273 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries have the potential to replace the current generation of liquid electrolyte batteries. However, the major limitation resulting from their solid-state architecture is the gradual loss of ionic conductivity due to the loss of physical contact between the individual battery components during charging/discharging. This is mainly due to mechanical stresses caused by volume changes in the cathode and anode during lithiation and delithiation. To date, limited research has been devoted to understanding the spatio-temporal distribution of stresses during battery operation. Here, operando scanning high-energy X-ray diffraction to quantify cross-sectional axial stresses with a spatial resolution of 10 µm is used. It is shown how a non-monotonous stress distribution evolves over time during the cycling of the solid-state battery. In addition, degradation of the solid-state electrolyte in the vicinity of the lithium anode is observed and tracked periodic changes in the unit cell volume in the cathode. The presented methodology of tracking the chemo-mechanically induced stresses and interface morphology in real time in correlation with other battery parameters is believed, can provide a valuable platform for the future optimization of solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Mičky
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
| | - Erik Šimon
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 84513, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Todt
- Department of Materials Science, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben, 8700, Austria
| | - Karol Végsö
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
| | - Peter Nádaždy
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
| | - Peter Krížik
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Materials and Machine Mechanics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 84513, Slovakia
| | - Eva Majková
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Keckes
- Department of Materials Science, Montanuniversität Leoben, Leoben, 8700, Austria
- Materials Center Leoben Forschung GmbH, Leoben, 8700, Austria
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Peter Siffalovic
- Center for Advanced Materials Application, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
- Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava, 845 11, Slovakia
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21
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Cao D, Ji T, Wei Z, Liang W, Bai R, Burch KS, Geiwitz M, Zhu H. Enhancing Lithium Stripping Efficiency in Anode-Free Solid-State Batteries through Self-Regulated Internal Pressure. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9392-9398. [PMID: 37819081 PMCID: PMC10621033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Anode-free all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASLMBs) promise high energy density and safety but suffer from a low initial Coulombic efficiency and rapid capacity decay, especially at high cathode loadings. Using operando techniques, we concluded these issues were related to interfacial contact loss during lithium stripping. To address this, we introduce a conductive carbon felt elastic layer that self-adjusts the pressure at the anode side, ensuring consistent lithium-solid electrolyte contact. This layer simultaneously provides electronic conduction and releases the plating pressure. Consequently, the first Coulombic efficiency dramatically increases from 58.4% to 83.7% along with a >10-fold improvement in cycling stability. Overall, this study reveals an approach for enhancing anode-free ASLMB performance and longevity by mitigating lithium stripping inefficiency through self-adjusting interfacial pressure enabled by a conductive elastic interlayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxian Cao
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Tongtai Ji
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhengxuan Wei
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wentao Liang
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ruobing Bai
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Kenneth S. Burch
- Department
of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Michael Geiwitz
- Department
of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, United States
| | - Hongli Zhu
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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22
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Eckhardt JK, Kremer S, Fuchs T, Minnmann P, Schubert J, Burkhardt S, Elm MT, Klar PJ, Heiliger C, Janek J. Influence of Microstructure on the Material Properties of LLZO Ceramics Derived by Impedance Spectroscopy and Brick Layer Model Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47260-47277. [PMID: 37751537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Variants of garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 are being intensively studied as separator materials in solid-state battery research. The material-specific transport properties, such as bulk and grain boundary conductivity, are of prime interest and are mostly investigated by impedance spectroscopy. Data evaluation is usually based on the one-dimensional (1D) brick layer model, which assumes a homogeneous microstructure of identical grains. Real samples show microstructural inhomogeneities in grain size and porosity due to the complex behavior of grain growth in garnets that is very sensitive to the sintering protocol. However, the true microstructure is often omitted in impedance data analysis, hindering the interlaboratory reproducibility and comparability of results reported in the literature. Here, we use a combinatorial approach of structural analysis and three-dimensional (3D) transport modeling to explore the effects of microstructure on the derived material-specific properties of garnet-type ceramics. For this purpose, Al-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 pellets with different microstructures are fabricated and electrochemically characterized. A machine learning-assisted image segmentation approach is used for statistical analysis and quantification of the microstructural changes during sintering. A detailed analysis of transport through statistically modeled twin microstructures demonstrates that the transport parameters derived from a 1D brick layer model approach show uncertainties up to 150%, only due to variations in grain size. These uncertainties can be even larger in the presence of porosity. This study helps to better understand the role of the microstructure of polycrystalline electroceramics and its influence on experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis K Eckhardt
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Sascha Kremer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Till Fuchs
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Philip Minnmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Johannes Schubert
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Simon Burkhardt
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Matthias T Elm
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Peter J Klar
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Physics I, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Christian Heiliger
- Institute for Theoretical Physics, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen D-35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen D-35392, Germany
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23
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Song J, Jiang Y, Lu Y, Cao Y, Zhang Y, Fan L, Liu H, Gao G. A Forceful "Dendrite-Killer" of Polyoxomolybdate with Reusability Effectively Dominating Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anode. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301740. [PMID: 37312611 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a series of Mo-containing polyoxometalates (POMs) modified separators to inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, and thus improving the lifespan and safety of the cells is proposed. When the deposited lithium forms dendrites and touches the separator, the optimized Dawson-type POM of (NH4 )6 [P2 Mo18 O62 ]·11H2 O (P2 Mo18 ) with the stronger oxidizability, acts like a "killer", is more inclined to oxidize Li0 into Li+ , thus weakening the lethality of lithium dendrites. The above process is accompanied by the formation of Lix [P2 Mo18 O62 ] (x = 6-10) in its reduced state. Converting to the stripping process, the reduced state Lix [P2 Mo18 O62 ] (x = 6-10) can be reoxidized to P2 Mo18 , which achieves the reusability of P2 Mo18 functional material. Meanwhile, lithium ions are released into the cell system to participate in the subsequent electrochemical cycles, thus the undesired lithium dendrites are converted into usable lithium ions to prevent the generation of "dead lithium". As a result, the Li//Li symmetrical cell with P2 Mo18 modified separator delivers exceptional cyclic stability for over 1000 h at 3 mA cm-2 and 5 mAh cm-2 , and the assembled Li-S full cell maintains superior reversible capacity of 600 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles at 2 C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yizhong Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yundong Cao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Yuxi Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Guanggang Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Metal Nanoclusters & Photo/Electro-Catalysis and Sensing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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24
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Alexander GV, Shi C, O'Neill J, Wachsman ED. Extreme lithium-metal cycling enabled by a mixed ion- and electron-conducting garnet three-dimensional architecture. NATURE MATERIALS 2023; 22:1136-1143. [PMID: 37537353 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01627-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of solid-state Li-metal batteries has been limited by the Li-metal plating and stripping rates and the tendency for dendrite shorts to form at commercially relevant current densities. To address this, we developed a single-phase mixed ion- and electron-conducting (MIEC) garnet with comparable Li-ion and electronic conductivities. We demonstrate that in a trilayer architecture with a porous MIEC framework supporting a thin, dense, garnet electrolyte, the critical current density can be increased to a previously unheard of 100 mA cm-2, with no dendrite-shorting. Additionally, we demonstrate that symmetric Li cells can be continuously cycled at a current density of 60 mA cm-2 with a maximum per-cycle Li plating and stripping capacity of 30 mAh cm-2, which is 6× the capacity of state-of-the-art cathodes. Moreover, a cumulative Li plating capacity of 18.5 Ah cm-2 was achieved with the MIEC/electrolyte/MIEC architecture, which if paired with a state-of-the-art cathode areal capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 would yield a projected 3,700 cycles, significantly surpassing requirements for commercial electric vehicle battery lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- George V Alexander
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Changmin Shi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jon O'Neill
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Eric D Wachsman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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25
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Yoon G, Kim S, Kim J. Design Strategies for Anodes and Interfaces Toward Practical Solid-State Li-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302263. [PMID: 37544910 PMCID: PMC10520671 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state Li-metal batteries (based on solid-state electrolytes) offer excellent safety and exhibit high potential to overcome the energy-density limitations of current Li-ion batteries, making them suitable candidates for the rapidly developing fields of electric vehicles and energy-storage systems. However, establishing close solid-solid contact is challenging, and Li-dendrite formation in solid-state electrolytes at high current densities causes fatal technical problems (due to high interfacial resistance and short-circuit failure). The Li metal/solid electrolyte interfacial properties significantly influence the kinetics of Li-metal batteries and short-circuit formation. This review discusses various strategies for introducing anode interlayers, from the perspective of reducing the interfacial resistance and preventing short-circuit formation. In addition, 3D anode structural-design strategies are discussed to alleviate the stress caused by volume changes during charging and discharging. This review highlights the importance of comprehensive anode/electrolyte interface control and anode design strategies that reduce the interfacial resistance, hinder short-circuit formation, and facilitate stress relief for developing Li-metal batteries with commercial-level performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabin Yoon
- Battery Material TUSamsung Advanced Institute of Technology130, Samsung‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwon‐siGyeonggi‐do443‐803Republic of Korea
| | - Sewon Kim
- Battery Material TUSamsung Advanced Institute of Technology130, Samsung‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwon‐siGyeonggi‐do443‐803Republic of Korea
| | - Ju‐Sik Kim
- Battery Material TUSamsung Advanced Institute of Technology130, Samsung‐ro, Yeongtong‐guSuwon‐siGyeonggi‐do443‐803Republic of Korea
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26
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Guo J, Jiang H, Wang K, Yu M, Jiang X, He G, Li X. Enhancing Electron Conductivity and Electron Density of Single Atom Based Core-Shell Nanoboxes for High Redox Activity in Lithium Sulfur Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301849. [PMID: 37093540 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an integrated structure of single Fe atom doped core-shell carbon nanoboxes wrapped by self-growing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is designed. Within the nanoboxes, the single Fe atom doped hollow cores are bonded to the shells via the carbon needles, which act as the highways for the electron transport between cores and shells. Moreover, the single Fe atom doped nanobox shells is further wrapped and connected by self-growing carbon nanotubes. Simultaneously, the needles and carbon nanotubes act as the highways for electron transport, which can improve the overall electron conductivity and electron density within the nanoboxes. Finite element analysis verifies the unique structure including both internal and external connections realize the integration of active sites in nano scale, and results in significant increase in electron transfer and the catalytic performance of Fe-N4 sites in both Li2 Sn lithiation and Li2 S delithiation. The Li-S batteries with the double-shelled single atom catalyst delivered the specific capacity of 702.2 mAh g-1 after 550 cycles at 1.0 C. The regional structure design and evaluation method provide a new strategy for the further development of single atom catalysts for more electrochemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Helong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Kuandi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaobin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Gaohong He
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiangcun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Chemical Engineering Department, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
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27
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Seymour ID, Quérel E, Brugge RH, Pesci FM, Aguadero A. Understanding and Engineering Interfacial Adhesion in Solid-State Batteries with Metallic Anodes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202215. [PMID: 36892133 PMCID: PMC10962603 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High performance alkali metal anode solid-state batteries require solid/solid interfaces with fast ion transfer that are morphologically and chemically stable upon electrochemical cycling. Void formation at the alkali metal/solid-state electrolyte interface during alkali metal stripping is responsible for constriction resistances and hotspots that can facilitate dendrite propagation and failure. Both externally applied pressures (35-400 MPa) and temperatures above the melting point of the alkali metal have been shown to improve the interfacial contact with the solid electrolyte, preventing the formation of voids. However, the extreme pressure and temperature conditions required can be difficult to meet for commercial solid-state battery applications. In this review, we highlight the importance of interfacial adhesion or 'wetting' at alkali metal/solid electrolyte interfaces for achieving solid-state batteries that can withstand high current densities without cell failure. The intrinsically poor adhesion at metal/ceramic interfaces poses fundamental limitations on many inorganics solid-state electrolyte systems in the absence of applied pressure. Suppression of alkali metal voids can only be achieved for systems with high interfacial adhesion (i. e. 'perfect wetting') where the contact angle between the alkali metal and the solid-state electrolyte surface goes to θ=0°. We identify key strategies to improve interfacial adhesion and suppress void formation including the adoption of interlayers, alloy anodes and 3D scaffolds. Computational modeling techniques have been invaluable for understanding the structure, stability and adhesion of solid-state battery interfaces and we provide an overview of key techniques. Although focused on alkali metal solid-state batteries, the fundamental understanding of interfacial adhesion discussed in this review has broader applications across the field of chemistry and material science from corrosion to biomaterials development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ieuan D. Seymour
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSW7 2AZLondonUK
| | - Edouard Quérel
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSW7 2AZLondonUK
| | - Rowena H. Brugge
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSW7 2AZLondonUK
| | - Federico M. Pesci
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSW7 2AZLondonUK
| | - Ainara Aguadero
- Department of MaterialsImperial College LondonExhibition RoadSW7 2AZLondonUK
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de MadridCSIC, Cantoblanco28049MadridSpain
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28
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Sung J, Kim SY, Harutyunyan A, Amirmaleki M, Lee Y, Son Y, Li J. Ultra-Thin Lithium Silicide Interlayer for Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210835. [PMID: 36934743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
All-solid-state batteries with metallic lithium (LiBCC ) anode and solid electrolyte (SE) are under active development. However, an unstable SE/LiBCC interface due to electrochemical and mechanical instabilities hinders their operation. Herein, an ultra-thin nanoporous mixed ionic and electronic conductor (MIEC) interlayer (≈3.25 µm), which regulates LiBCC deposition and stripping, serving as a 3D scaffold for Li0 ad-atom formation, LiBCC nucleation, and long-range transport of ions and electrons at SE/LiBCC interface is demonstrated. Consisting of lithium silicide and carbon nanotubes, the MIEC interlayer is thermodynamically stable against LiBCC and highly lithiophilic. Moreover, its nanopores (<100 nm) confine the deposited LiBCC to the size regime where LiBCC exhibits "smaller is much softer" size-dependent plasticity governed by diffusive deformation mechanisms. The LiBCC thus remains soft enough not to mechanically penetrate SE in contact. Upon further plating, LiBCC grows in between the current collector and the MIEC interlayer, not directly contacting the SE. As a result, a full-cell having Li3.75 Si-CNT/LiBCC foil as an anode and LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 as a cathode displays a high specific capacity of 207.8 mAh g-1 , 92.0% initial Coulombic efficiency, 88.9% capacity retention after 200 cycles (Coulombic efficiency reaches 99.9% after tens of cycles), and excellent rate capability (76% at 5 C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaekyung Sung
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Engineering and Convergence Technology, Gyeongsang National University, 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju, 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Kim
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | | | - Maedeh Amirmaleki
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Yoonkwang Lee
- Advanced Battery Development Team, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong, 18280, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonguk Son
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51140, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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29
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Yang M, Liu Y, Mo Y. Lithium crystallization at solid interfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2986. [PMID: 37225679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38757-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the electrochemical deposition of metal anodes is critical for high-energy rechargeable batteries, among which solid-state lithium metal batteries have attracted extensive interest. A long-standing open question is how electrochemically deposited lithium-ions at the interfaces with the solid-electrolytes crystalize into lithium metal. Here, using large-scale molecular dynamics simulations, we study and reveal the atomistic pathways and energy barriers of lithium crystallization at the solid interfaces. In contrast to the conventional understanding, lithium crystallization takes multi-step pathways mediated by interfacial lithium atoms with disordered and random-closed-packed configurations as intermediate steps, which give rise to the energy barrier of crystallization. This understanding of multi-step crystallization pathways extends the applicability of Ostwald's step rule to interfacial atom states, and enables a rational strategy for lower-barrier crystallization by promoting favorable interfacial atom states as intermediate steps through interfacial engineering. Our findings open rationally guided avenues of interfacial engineering for facilitating the crystallization in metal electrodes for solid-state batteries and can be generally applicable for fast crystal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menghao Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yunsheng Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Yifei Mo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
- Maryland Energy Innovation Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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30
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Fan Z, Zhu M, Fang Y, Qi K, Xu K, Wang W, Wu Q, Zhu Y. Stable Plating and Stripping of Lithium Metal Anodes through Space Confinement and Stress Regulation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:22184-22194. [PMID: 37117160 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes suffer from enormous mechanical stress derived from volume changes during electrochemical plating and stripping. The utilization of derived stress has the potential for the dendrite-free deposition and electrochemical reversibility of lithium metal. Here, we investigated the plating and stripping process of lithium metal held within a cellular three-dimensional graphene skeleton decorated with homogeneous Ag nanoparticles. Owing to appropriate reduction-splitting and electrostatic interaction of nitrogen dopants, the cellular skeletons show micron-level pores and superior elastic property. As lithium hosts, the cellular skeletons can physically confine the metal deposition and provide continuous volume-derived stress between Li and collectors, thus meliorating the stress-regulated Li morphology and improving the reversibility of Li metal anodes. Consequently, the symmetrical batteries exhibit a stable cycling performance with a span life of more than 1900 h. Full batteries (NCM811 as cathodes) achieve a reversible capacity of 181 mA h g-1 at 0.5 C and a stable cycling performance of 300 cycles with a capacity retention of 83.5%. The meliorative behavior of lithium metal within the cellular skeletons suggests the advantage of a stress-regulating strategy, which could also be meaningful for other conversion electrodes with volume fluctuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhechen Fan
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Maogen Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Fang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kaiwen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Kangli Xu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qianyao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yongchun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Jiang S, Lv T, Peng Y, Pang H. MOFs Containing Solid-State Electrolytes for Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2206887. [PMID: 36683175 PMCID: PMC10074139 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The use of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) has been a very attractive research area that has received widespread attention in the modern world. SSEs can be divided into different types, some of which can be combined with MOFs to improve the electrochemical performance of the batteries by taking advantage of the high surface area and high porosity of MOFs. However, it also faces many serious problems and challenges. In this review, different types of SSEs are classified and the changes in these electrolytes after the addition of MOFs are described. Afterward, these SSEs with MOFs attached are introduced for different types of battery applications and the effects of these SSEs combined with MOFs on the electrochemical performance of the cells are described. Finally, some challenges faced by MOFs materials in batteries applications are presented, then some solutions to the problems and development expectations of MOFs are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Institute for Advanced StudyChengdu UniversityChengdu610106P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Tingting Lv
- Interdisciplinary Materials Research Center, Institute for Advanced StudyChengdu UniversityChengdu610106P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Yi Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
| | - Huan Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009P. R. China
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32
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Ye W, Li X, Zhang B, Liu W, Cheng Y, Fan X, Zhang H, Liu Y, Dong Q, Wang MS. Superfast Mass Transport of Na/K Via Mesochannels for Dendrite-Free Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210447. [PMID: 36656991 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fast ion diffusion in anode hosts enabling uniform distribution of Li/Na/K is essential for achieving dendrite-free alkali-metal batteries. Common strategies, e.g. expanding the interlayer spacing of anode materials, can enhance bulk diffusion of Li but are less efficient for Na and K due to their larger ionic radius. Herein, a universal strategy to drastically improve the mass-transport efficiency of Na/K by introducing open mesochannels in carbon hosts is proposed. Such pore engineering can increase the accessible surface area by one order of magnitude, thus remarkably accelerating surface diffusion, as visualized by in situ transmission electron microscopy. In particular, once the mesochannels are filled by the Na/K metals, they become the superfast channels for mass transport via the mechanism of interfacial diffusion. Thus-modified carbon hosts enable Na/K filling in their inner cavities and uniform deposition across the whole electrodes with fast kinetics. The resulting Na-metal anodes can exhibit stable dendrite-free cycling with outstanding rate performance at a high current density of up to 30 mA cm-2 . This work presents an inspiring attempt to address the sluggish transport issue of Na/K, as well as valuable insights into the mass-transport mechanism in porous anodes for high-performance alkali-metal storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composite, Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Weicheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xinhang Fan
- Interdisiplinary Centre for Advanced Materials Science, Ruhr University Bochum, North Rhine-Westphalia, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Hehe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuanpeng Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, and Center for Composite, Materials and Structures, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Quanfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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33
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Huo H, Jiang M, Mogwitz B, Sann J, Yusim Y, Zuo TT, Moryson Y, Minnmann P, Richter FH, Veer Singh C, Janek J. Interface Design Enabling Stable Polymer/Thiophosphate Electrolyte Separators for Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218044. [PMID: 36646631 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic/inorganic interfaces greatly affect Li+ transport in composite solid electrolytes (SEs), while SE/electrode interfacial stability plays a critical role in the cycling performance of solid-state batteries (SSBs). However, incomplete understanding of interfacial (in)stability hinders the practical application of composite SEs in SSBs. Herein, chemical degradation between Li6 PS5 Cl (LPSCl) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is revealed. The high polarity of PEG changes the electronic state and structural bonding of the PS4 3- tetrahedra, thus triggering a series of side reactions. A substituted terminal group of PEG not only stabilizes the inner interfaces but also extends the electrochemical window of the composite SE. Moreover, a LiF-rich layer can effectively prevent side reactions at the Li/SE interface. The results provide insights into the chemical stability of polymer/sulfide composites and demonstrate an interface design to achieve dendrite-free lithium metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Huo
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ming Jiang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Boris Mogwitz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joachim Sann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuriy Yusim
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tong-Tong Zuo
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Yannik Moryson
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Philip Minnmann
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Felix H Richter
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Chandra Veer Singh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E4, Canada
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany.,Center for Materials Research (ZfM), Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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34
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Wang T, Chen S, Chen KJ. Metal-Organic Framework Composites and Their Derivatives as Efficient Electrodes for Energy Storage Applications: Recent Progress and Future Perspectives. CHEM REC 2023:e202300006. [PMID: 36942948 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been important electrochemical energy storage (EES) materials because of their rich species, large specific surface area, high porosity and rich active sites. Nevertheless, the poor conductivity, low mechanical and electrochemical stability of pristine MOFs have hindered their further applications. Although single component MOF derivatives have higher conductivity, self-aggregation often occurs during preparation. Composite design can overcome the shortcomings of MOFs and derivatives and create synergistic effects, resulting in improved electrochemical properties for EES. In this review, recent applications of MOF composites and derivatives as electrodes in different types of batteries and supercapacitors are critically discussed. The advantages, challenges, and future perspectives of MOF composites and derivatives have been given. This review may guide the development of high-performance MOF composites and derivatives in the field of EES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wang
- Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo, 315103, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Shaoqian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
| | - Kai-Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional and Smart Polymer Materials of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi' an, Shaanxi, 710072, PR China
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35
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Wu J, He J, Wang M, Li M, Zhao J, Li Z, Chen H, Li X, Li C, Chen X, Li X, Mai YW, Chen Y. Electrospun carbon-based nanomaterials for next-generation potassium batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:2381-2398. [PMID: 36723354 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06692k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable potassium (K) batteries that are of low cost, with high energy densities and long cycle lives have attracted tremendous interest in affordable and large-scale energy storage. However, the large size of the K-ion leads to sluggish reaction kinetics and causes a large volume variation during the ion insertion/extraction processes, thus hindering the utilization of active electrode materials, triggering a serious structural collapse, and deteriorating the cycling performance. Therefore, the exploration of suitable materials/hosts that can reversibly and sustainably accommodate K-ions and host K metals are urgently needed. Electrospun carbon-based materials have been extensively studied as electrode/host materials for rechargeable K batteries owing to their designable structures, tunable composition, hierarchical pores, high conductivity, large surface areas, and good flexibility. Here, we present the recent developments in electrospun CNF-based nanomaterials for various K batteries (e.g., K-ion batteries, K metal batteries, K-chalcogen batteries), including their fabrication methods, structural modulation, and electrochemical performance. This Feature Article is expected to offer guidelines for the rational design of novel electrospun electrodes for the next-generation K batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiong Wu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Jiabo He
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Manxi Wang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Manxian Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Jingyue Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Zulin Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Hongyang Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xuan Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Chuanping Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xiaochuan Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
| | - Yiu-Wing Mai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yuming Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences and College of Carbon Neutral Modern Industry, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350000, Fujian, China.
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36
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Su J, Tsuruoka T, Tsujita T, Inatomi Y, Terabe K. Nitrogen Plasma Enhanced Low Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition of Magnesium Phosphorus Oxynitride (MgPON) Solid-State Electrolytes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217203. [PMID: 36595484 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) that use solid electrolytes instead of flammable liquid electrolytes have the potential to generate higher specific capacity and offer better safety. Magnesium (Mg) based SSBs with Mg metal anodes are considered to be one of the most promising energy storage candidates, because it gives high theoretical volumetric capacities of 3830 mAh cm-3 . Here, we demonstrate an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process with a double nitrogen plasma process that successfully produces nitrogen-incorporated magnesium phosphorus oxynitride (MgPON) solid-state electrolyte (SSE) thin films at a low deposition temperature of 125 °C. The ALD MgPON SSEs exhibit an ionic conductivity of 0.36 and 1.2 μS cm-1 at 450 and 500 °C, respectively. The proposed ALD strategy shows the ability of conformal deposition nitrogen-doped SSEs on pattered substrates and is attractive for using nitride ion-conducing films as protective or wetting interlayers in solid-state Mg and Li batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan.,Current address: Department of Materials, University of Oxford, Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PH, UK
| | - Tohru Tsuruoka
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takuji Tsujita
- Research and Development Center, Panasonic Energy Co. Ltd, Kadoma City, Osaka, 571-8501, Japan
| | - Yuu Inatomi
- Research and Development Center, Panasonic Energy Co. Ltd, Kadoma City, Osaka, 571-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuya Terabe
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0044, Japan
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37
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Surface engineering of inorganic solid-state electrolytes via interlayers strategy for developing long-cycling quasi-all-solid-state lithium batteries. Nat Commun 2023; 14:782. [PMID: 36774375 PMCID: PMC9922298 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36401-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with inorganic solid-state electrolytes are considered promising secondary battery systems because of their higher energy content than their Li-ion counterpart. However, the LMB performance remains unsatisfactory for commercialization, primarily owing to the inability of the inorganic solid-state electrolytes to hinder lithium dendrite propagation. Here, using an Ag-coated Li6.4La3Zr1.7Ta0.3O12 (LLZTO) inorganic solid electrolyte in combination with a silver-carbon interlayer, we demonstrate the production of stable interfacially engineered lab-scale LMBs. Via experimental measurements and computational modelling, we prove that the interlayers strategy effectively regulates lithium stripping/plating and prevents dendrite penetration in the solid-state electrolyte pellet. By coupling the surface-engineered LLZTO with a lithium metal negative electrode, a high-voltage positive electrode with an ionic liquid-based liquid electrolyte solution in pouch cell configuration, we report 800 cycles at 1.6 mA/cm2 and 25 °C without applying external pressure. This cell enables an initial discharge capacity of about 3 mAh/cm2 and a discharge capacity retention of about 85%.
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38
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Wang C, Lin R, He Y, Zou P, Kisslinger K, He Q, Li J, Xin HL. Tension-Induced Cavitation in Li-Metal Stripping. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2209091. [PMID: 36413142 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Designing stable Li metal and supporting solid structures (SSS) is of fundamental importance in rechargeable Li-metal batteries. Yet, the stripping kinetics of Li metal and its mechanical effect on the supporting solids (including solid electrolyte interface) remain mysterious to date. Here, through nanoscale in situ observations of a solid-state Li-metal battery in an electron microscope, two distinct cavitation-mediated Li stripping modes controlled by the ratio of the SSS thickness (t) to the Li deposit's radius (r) are discovered. A quantitative criterion is established to understand the damage tolerance of SSS on the Li-metal stripping pathways. For mechanically unstable SSS (t/r < 0.21), the stripping proceeds via tension-induced multisite cavitation accompanied by severe SSS buckling and necking, ultimately leading to Li "trapping" or "dead Li" formation; for mechanically stable SSS (t/r > 0.21), the Li metal undergoes nearly planar stripping from the root via single cavitation, showing negligible buckling. This work proves the existence of an electronically conductive precursor film coated on the interior of solid electrolytes that however can be mechanically damaged, and it is of potential importance to the design of delicate Li-metal supporting structures to high-performance solid-state Li-metal batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ruoqian Lin
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Yubin He
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Peichao Zou
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Kim Kisslinger
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Qi He
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Ju Li
- Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Huolin L Xin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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39
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Fu ZH, Chen X, Yao N, Yu LG, Shen X, Shi S, Zhang R, Sha Z, Feng S, Xia Y, Zhang Q. Diameter-dependent ultrafast lithium-ion transport in carbon nanotubes. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:014702. [PMID: 36610967 DOI: 10.1063/5.0131408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion transport in solids is a key topic in solid-state ionics. It is critical but challenging to understand the relationship between material structures and ion transport. Nanochannels in crystals provide ion transport pathways, which are responsible for the fast ion transport in fast lithium (Li)-ion conductors. The controlled synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provides a promising approach to artificially regulating nanochannels. Herein, the CNTs with a diameter of 5.5 Å are predicted to exhibit an ultralow Li-ion diffusion barrier of about 10 meV, much lower than those in routine solid electrolyte materials. Such a characteristic is attributed to the similar chemical environment of a Li ion during its diffusion based on atomic and electronic structure analyses. The concerted diffusion of Li ions ensures high ionic conductivities of CNTs. These results not only reveal the immense potential of CNTs for fast Li-ion transport but also provide a new understanding for rationally designing solid materials with high ionic conductivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Heng Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Le-Geng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shaochen Shi
- ByteDance, Inc., Zhonghang Plaza, No. 43, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhengju Sha
- ByteDance, Inc., Zhonghang Plaza, No. 43, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Taian 271021, China
| | - Yu Xia
- ByteDance, Inc., Zhonghang Plaza, No. 43, North 3rd Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100086, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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40
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Han J, Lee MJ, Lee K, Lee YJ, Kwon SH, Min JH, Lee E, Lee W, Lee SW, Kim BJ. Role of Bicontinuous Structure in Elastomeric Electrolytes for High-Energy Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205194. [PMID: 36349804 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state lithium (Li)-metal batteries (LMBs) are garnering attention as a next-generation battery technology that can surpass conventional Li-ion batteries in terms of energy density and operational safety under the condition that the issue of uncontrolled Li dendrite is resolved. In this study, various plastic crystal-embedded elastomer electrolytes (PCEEs) are investigated with different phase-separated structures, prepared by systematically adjusting the volume ratio of the phases, to elucidate the structure-property-electrochemical performance relationship of the PCEE in the LMBs. At an optimal volume ratio of elastomer phase to plastic-crystal phase (i.e., 1:1), bicontinuous-structured PCEE, consisting of efficient ion-conducting, plastic-crystal pathways with long-range connectivity within a crosslinked elastomer matrix, exhibits exceptionally high ionic conductivity (≈10-3 S cm-1 ) at 20 °C and excellent mechanical resilience (elongation at break ≈ 300%). A full cell featuring this optimized PCEE, a 35 µm thick Li anode, and a high loading LiNi0.83 Mn0.06 Co0.11 O2 (NMC-83) cathode delivers a high energy density of 437 Wh kganode+cathode+electrolyte -1 . The established structure-property-electrochemical performance relationship of the PCEE for solid-state LMBs is expected to inform the development of the elastomeric electrolytes for various electrochemical energy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghun Han
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael J Lee
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kyungbin Lee
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Young Jun Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ho Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hong Min
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonho Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Energy Engineering Convergence, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi, 39177, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Woo Lee
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Bumjoon J Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
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41
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Cao X, Lu Y, Song X, Yuan Z, Wang F. Perspective of unstable solid electrolyte interphase induced lithium dendrite growth: Role of thermal effect. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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42
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Zhai S, Liu W, Hu Y, Chen Z, Xu H, Xu S, Wu L, Ye Z, Wang X, Mei T. Kinetic Acceleration of Lithium Polysulfide Conversion via a Copper-Iridium Alloying Catalytic Strategy in Li-S Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50932-50946. [PMID: 36344909 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To solve the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), a porous N-doped carbon-supported copper-iridium alloy catalyst composite (CuIr/NC) has been synthesized and served as a modified cathode sulfur host for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). The metal-organic framework-derived calcined carbon frameworks build efficient conductive channels for fast ion/electron transport. Furthermore, alloying noble metals Ir with thiophilic metal Cu provides abundant active sites to effectively capture LiPSs and accelerate the catalytic conversion process, originating from modulating the surface electronic structure of the metal Cu by introducing Ir atoms to affect the 3d-orbital distribution. All of the above are strongly supported by a range of characterization studies and density functional theory calculations. Benefiting from the above advantages, the LSBs generally show satisfactory cycling performance. Apart from exhibiting a terrific initial specific capacity of 1288 mA h g-1 at 0.2 C, they can also keep long-term cycling stability under a high current density up to 5 C together with a slow specific capacity decay ratio (0.033%) per cycle after 1000 cycles. In addition, it is worth mentioning that a high areal capacity (4.7 mA h cm-2) with a low E/S ratio (6.2 μL mg-1) could still be accomplished at higher sulfur loading (4.3 mg cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjun Zhai
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Liu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Yuxin Hu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Zihe Chen
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Nano Science and Technology Institute, University of Science and Technology of China, Suzhou, Jiangsu215123, P. R. China
| | - Songsong Xu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Liping Wu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Zimujun Ye
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
| | - Tao Mei
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Overseas, Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation (D18025), Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan430062, P. R. China
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43
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Lu Y, Zhao CZ, Hu JK, Sun S, Yuan H, Fu ZH, Chen X, Huang JQ, Ouyang M, Zhang Q. The void formation behaviors in working solid-state Li metal batteries. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eadd0510. [PMID: 36351020 PMCID: PMC9645723 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add0510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fundamental understanding of the elusive evolution behavior of the buried solid-solid interfaces is the major barrier to exploring solid-state electrochemical devices. Here, we uncover the interfacial void evolution principles in solid-state batteries, build a solid-state void nucleation and growth model, and make an analogy with the bubble formation in liquid phases. In solid-state lithium metal batteries, the lithium stripping-induced interfacial void formation determines the morphological instabilities that result in battery failure. The void-induced contact loss processes are quantified in a phase diagram under wide current densities ranging from 1.0 to 10.0 milliamperes per square centimeter by rational electrochemistry calculations. The in situ-visualized morphological evolutions reveal the microscopic features of void defects under different stripping circumstances. The electrochemical-morphological relationship helps to elucidate the current density- and areal capacity-dependent void nucleation and growth mechanisms, which affords fresh insights on understanding and designing solid-solid interfaces for advanced solid-state batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chen-Zi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiang-Kui Hu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuo Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhong-Heng Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minggao Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, School of Vehicle and Mobility, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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44
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Designed synthesis of natural rigid dehydroabietylamine-tailored symmetric benzamide organogels by amide bonds and rigid rings coordinated self-assembly strategy. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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45
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Park SH, Jun D, Lee GH, Lee SG, Jung JE, Bae KY, Son S, Lee YJ. Designing 3D Anode Based on Pore-Size-Dependent Li Deposition Behavior for Reversible Li-Free All-Solid-State Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2203130. [PMID: 35948489 PMCID: PMC9534956 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202203130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Li-free all-solid-state batteries can achieve high energy density and safety. However, separation of the current collector/solid electrolyte interface during Li deposition increases interfacial resistance, which deteriorates safety and reversibility. In this study, a reversible 3D porous anode is designed based on Li deposition behavior that depends on the pore size of the anode. More Li deposits are accommodated within the smaller pores of the Li hosting anode composed of Ni particles with a granular piling structure; this implies the Li movement into the anode is achieved via diffusional Coble creep. Surface modification of Ni with a carbon coating layer and Ag nanoparticles further increases the Li hosting capacity and enables Li deposition without anode/solid electrolyte interface separation. A Li-free all-solid-state full cell with a LiNi0.8 Mn0.1 Co0.1 O2 cathode shows an areal capacity of 2 mAh cm-2 for retaining a Coulombic efficiency of 99.46% for 100 cycles at 30 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Hwan Park
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Dayoung Jun
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Gyu Hyeon Lee
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Gyu Lee
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Eun Jung
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Yoon Bae
- Advanced Battery Development GroupHyundai Motor CompanyHwaseong‐siGyeongi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Samick Son
- Advanced Battery Development GroupHyundai Motor CompanyHwaseong‐siGyeongi‐do16082Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Jung Lee
- Department of Energy EngineeringHanyang UniversitySeoul04763Republic of Korea
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46
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Zhong Y, Cao C, Tadé MO, Shao Z. Ionically and Electronically Conductive Phases in a Composite Anode for High-Rate and Stable Lithium Stripping and Plating for Solid-State Lithium Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38786-38794. [PMID: 35973161 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intensive efforts have been taken to decrease the over-potentials of solid-state lithium batteries. Lowering the anode-electrolyte interface resistance is an effective method. Compared to simply improving the interface contact, constructing both ionically and electronically conductive phases within the anode demonstrates superior improvement in reducing the interface resistance and promoting electrochemical stability. However, complex preparation procedures are usually involved in the construction of the conductive phases and the loading of metallic lithium. Herein, a composite anode containing metallic lithium and well-dispersed ionically conductive Li3N and electronically conductive components (Fe, Fe3C, and amorphous carbon) shows an effective decrease in lithium stripping/plating over-potentials at high current densities of up to 3 mA cm-2. The unique dual ionically and electronically conductive phases exhibit good cycling stability for 3000 h. A full battery with the composite anode and a LiFePO4 cathode also demonstrates decent performance. This work confirms the importance of constructing dual conductive phases that are electrochemically stable to Li and will not be consumed during the electrochemical reaction and provides a facile preparation method. The new knowledge discovered and the new methods developed in this work would inspire the future development of new Li-containing composite anodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijun Zhong
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Chencheng Cao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Moses Oludayo Tadé
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Zongping Shao
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering (WASM-MECE), Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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47
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Zhang X, Sun C. Recent advances in dendrite-free lithium metal anodes for high-performance batteries. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:19996-20011. [PMID: 35983860 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01655a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
With the merits of high energy density, light weight, and low electrode potential, lithium metal anodes (LMAs) have lately sparked worldwide attention in the field of batteries. However, their low Coulombic efficiency, tremendous volume expansion, and serious dendrite growth make lithium metal batteries (LMBs) unsuitable for a wide variety of applications. Moreover, when lithium dendrite crosses the electrolyte and reaches the cathode material, it may cause short circuit and safety issues for batteries. Herein, to accelerate the development of LMBs, we give a brief summary of the dendrite growth mechanisms in both liquid and solid systems of electrolytes. In particular, various modification approaches to dendrite-free lithium metal batteries are discussed. Furthermore, advanced in situ characterization techniques for the real-time observation of lithium dendrite growth are presented. To address the application issues, various potential research routes for improving the performance of LMBs are provided as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
| | - Chunwen Sun
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, P. R. China.
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48
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Visualizing the failure of solid electrolyte under GPa-level interface stress induced by lithium eruption. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5050. [PMID: 36030266 PMCID: PMC9420139 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid electrolytes hold the promise for enabling high-performance lithium (Li) metal batteries, but suffer from Li-filament penetration issues. The mechanism of this rate-dependent failure, especially the impact of the electrochemo-mechanical attack from Li deposition, remains elusive. Herein, we reveal the Li deposition dynamics and associated failure mechanism of solid electrolyte by visualizing the Li|Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) interface evolution via in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Under a strong mechanical constraint and low charging rate, the Li-deposition-induced stress enables the single-crystal Li to laterally expand on LLZO. However, upon Li "eruption", the rapidly built-up local stress, reaching at least GPa level, can even crack single-crystal LLZO particles without apparent defects. In comparison, Li vertical growth by weakening the mechanical constraint can boost the local current density up to A·cm-2 level without damaging LLZO. Our results demonstrate that the crack initiation at the Li|LLZO interface depends strongly on not only the local current density but also the way and efficiency of mass/stress release. Finally, potential strategies enabling fast Li transport and stress relaxation at the interface are proposed for promoting the rate capability of solid electrolytes.
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49
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Li XY, Feng S, Zhao CX, Cheng Q, Chen ZX, Sun SY, Chen X, Zhang XQ, Li BQ, Huang JQ, Zhang Q. Regulating Lithium Salt to Inhibit Surface Gelation on an Electrocatalyst for High-Energy-Density Lithium-Sulfur Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14638-14646. [PMID: 35791913 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have great potential as high-energy-density energy storage devices. Electrocatalysts are widely adopted to accelerate the cathodic sulfur redox kinetics. The interactions among the electrocatalysts, solvents, and lithium salts significantly determine the actual performance of working Li-S batteries. Herein, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), a commonly used lithium salt, is identified to aggravate surface gelation on the MoS2 electrocatalyst. In detail, the trifluoromethanesulfonyl group in LiTFSI interacts with the Lewis acidic sites on the MoS2 electrocatalyst to generate an electron-deficient center. The electron-deficient center with high Lewis acidity triggers cationic polymerization of the 1,3-dioxolane solvent and generates a surface gel layer that reduces the electrocatalytic activity. To address the above issue, Lewis basic salt lithium iodide (LiI) is introduced to block the interaction between LiTFSI and MoS2 and inhibit the surface gelation. Consequently, the Li-S batteries with the MoS2 electrocatalyst and the LiI additive realize an ultrahigh actual energy density of 416 W h kg-1 at the pouch cell level. This work affords an effective lithium salt to boost the electrocatalytic activity in practical working Li-S batteries and deepens the fundamental understanding of the interactions among electrocatalysts, solvents, and salts in energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yao Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Shandong 271021, China
| | - Chang-Xin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qian Cheng
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zi-Xian Chen
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shu-Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zhang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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50
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Li X, Ye W, Xu P, Huang H, Fan J, Yuan R, Zheng MS, Wang MS, Dong Q. An Encapsulation-Based Sodium Storage via Zn-Single-Atom Implanted Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202898. [PMID: 35729082 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The properties of high theoretical capacity, low cost, and large potential of metallic sodium (Na) has strongly promoted the development of rechargeable sodium-based batteries. However, the issues of infinite volume variation, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), and dendritic sodium causes a rapid decline in performance and notorious safety hazards. Herein, a highly reversible encapsulation-based sodium storage by designing a functional hollow carbon nanotube with Zn single atom sites embedded in the carbon shell (ZnSA -HCNT) is achieved. The appropriate tube space can encapsulate bulk sodium inside; the inner enriched ZnSA sites provide abundant sodiophilic sites, which can evidently reduce the nucleation barrier of Na deposition. Moreover, the carbon shell derived from ZIF-8 provides geometric constraints and excellent ion/electron transport channels for the rapid transfer of Na+ due to its pore-rich shell, which can be revealed by in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As expected, Na@ZnSA -HCNT anodes present steady long-term performance in symmetrical battery (>900 h at 10 mA cm-2 ). Moreover, superior electrochemical performance of Na@ZnSA -HCNT||PB full cells can be delivered. This work develops a new strategy based on carbon nanotube encapsulation of metallic sodium, which improves the safety and cycling performance of sodium metal anode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Weibin Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Pan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Haihong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jingmin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Ruming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Ming-Sen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Ming-Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Quanfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (i-ChEM), Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
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