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Lee B, Shin D. Contrastive learning for enhancing feature extraction in anticancer peptides. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae220. [PMID: 38725157 PMCID: PMC11082072 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, recognized as a primary cause of death worldwide, has profound health implications and incurs a substantial social burden. Numerous efforts have been made to develop cancer treatments, among which anticancer peptides (ACPs) are garnering recognition for their potential applications. While ACP screening is time-consuming and costly, in silico prediction tools provide a way to overcome these challenges. Herein, we present a deep learning model designed to screen ACPs using peptide sequences only. A contrastive learning technique was applied to enhance model performance, yielding better results than a model trained solely on binary classification loss. Furthermore, two independent encoders were employed as a replacement for data augmentation, a technique commonly used in contrastive learning. Our model achieved superior performance on five of six benchmark datasets against previous state-of-the-art models. As prediction tools advance, the potential in peptide-based cancer therapeutics increases, promising a brighter future for oncology research and patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byungjo Lee
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkwan Shin
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323, Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, 10408, Republic of Korea
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2
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Shi K, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Deng Y, Wang W, Jing B, Gao X. PractiCPP: a deep learning approach tailored for extremely imbalanced datasets in cell-penetrating peptide prediction. Bioinformatics 2024; 40:btae058. [PMID: 38305405 PMCID: PMC11212486 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Effective drug delivery systems are paramount in enhancing pharmaceutical outcomes, particularly through the use of cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs). These peptides are gaining prominence due to their ability to penetrate eukaryotic cells efficiently without inflicting significant damage to the cellular membrane, thereby ensuring optimal drug delivery. However, the identification and characterization of CPPs remain a challenge due to the laborious and time-consuming nature of conventional methods, despite advances in proteomics. Current computational models, however, are predominantly tailored for balanced datasets, an approach that falls short in real-world applications characterized by a scarcity of known positive CPP instances. RESULTS To navigate this shortfall, we introduce PractiCPP, a novel deep-learning framework tailored for CPP prediction in highly imbalanced data scenarios. Uniquely designed with the integration of hard negative sampling and a sophisticated feature extraction and prediction module, PractiCPP facilitates an intricate understanding and learning from imbalanced data. Our extensive computational validations highlight PractiCPP's exceptional ability to outperform existing state-of-the-art methods, demonstrating remarkable accuracy, even in datasets with an extreme positive-to-negative ratio of 1:1000. Furthermore, through methodical embedding visualizations, we have established that models trained on balanced datasets are not conducive to practical, large-scale CPP identification, as they do not accurately reflect real-world complexities. In summary, PractiCPP potentially offers new perspectives in CPP prediction methodologies. Its design and validation, informed by real-world dataset constraints, suggest its utility as a valuable tool in supporting the acceleration of drug delivery advancements. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The source code of PractiCPP is available on Figshare at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.25053878.v1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Shi
- Syneron Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Individualized Interdisciplinary Program (Data Science and Analytics), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Yu Wang
- Syneron Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yifan Deng
- Syneron Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- Data Science and Analytics Thrust, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou), Nansha, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingyi Jing
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Syneron Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
- Computer Science Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
- Computational Bioscience Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Das P, N M, Singh N, Datta P. Supramolecular Nanostructures for the Delivery of Peptides in Cancer Therapy. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:67-80. [PMID: 37827700 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Supramolecular nanostructured based delivery systems are emerging as a meaningful approach in the treatment of cancer, offering controlled drug release and improved therapeutic efficacy. The self-assembled structures can be small molecules, polymers, peptides, or proteins, which can be used and functionalized to achieve tailored release and target specific cells, tissues, or organs. These structures can improve the solubility and stability of drugs having low aqueous solubility by encapsulating and protecting them from degradation. Alongside, peptides as natural biomolecules have gained increasing attention as potential candidates in cancer treatment because of their biocompatibility, low cytotoxicity, and high specificity toward tumor cells. The amino acid sequences in peptide molecules are tunable, efficiently controlling the morphology of peptide-based self-assembled nanosystems and offering flexibility to form supramolecular nanostructures (SNs). It is evident from the current literature that the supramolecular nanostructures based delivery of peptide for cancer treatment hold great promise for future cancer therapy, offering potential strategies for personalized medicine with improved patient outcomes. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This review focuses on fundamentals and various drug delivery mechanisms based on SNs. Different SN approaches and recent literature reviews on peptide delivery are also presented to the readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Das
- Polymer-Based Medical Devices and Complex Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
| | - Manasa N
- Polymer-Based Medical Devices and Complex Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
| | - Nidhi Singh
- Polymer-Based Medical Devices and Complex Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
| | - Pallab Datta
- Polymer-Based Medical Devices and Complex Drug Delivery Systems Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Kolkata, India
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4
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Muhammad Rehman H, Rehman HM, Naveed M, Khan MT, Shabbir MA, Aslam S, Bashir H. In Silico Investigation of a Chimeric IL24-LK6 Fusion Protein as a Potent Candidate Against Breast Cancer. Bioinform Biol Insights 2023; 17:11779322231182560. [PMID: 37377793 PMCID: PMC10291407 DOI: 10.1177/11779322231182560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted delivery of therapeutic anticancer chimeric molecules enhances the efficacy of drug by improving cellular uptake and circulation time. Engineering the molecules to facilitate the specific interaction between chimeric protein and its receptor is critical to elucidate biological mechanism as well as accuracy in modeling of complexes. A theoretically designed novel protein-protein interfaces can serve as a bottom-up method for comprehensive understanding of interacting protein residues. This study was aimed for in silico analyses of a chimeric fusion protein against breast cancer. The amino acid sequences of the interleukin 24 (IL-24) and LK-6 peptide were used to design the chimeric fusion protein via a rigid linker. The secondary and tertiary structures along with physicochemical properties by ProtParam and solubility were predicted using online software. The validation and quality of the fusion protein was confirmed by Rampage and ERRAT2. The newly designed fusion construct has a total length of 179 amino acids. The top-ranked structure from alpha fold2 showed 18.1 KD molecular weight by ProtParam, quality factor of 94.152 by ERRAT, and a valid structure by a Ramachandran plot with 88.5% residues in the favored region. Finally, the docking and simulation studies were performed using HADDOCK and Desmond module of Schrodinger. The quality, validity, interaction analysis, and stability of the fusion protein depict a functional molecule. The fusion gene IL24-LK6 after cloning and expression in a suitable prokaryotic cell might be a useful candidate for developing a novel anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Rehman
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- University Institute of Medical Lab Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muzzammel Rehman
- School of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tahir Khan
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aqib Shabbir
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science & Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shakira Aslam
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology (CAMB), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Deng Z, Gao Y, Nguyen T, Chai J, Wu J, Li J, Abdel-Rahman MA, Xu X, Chen X. The Potent Antitumor Activity of Smp43 against Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells via Inducing Membranolysis and Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:toxins15050347. [PMID: 37235381 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15050347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Research has been conducted to investigate the potential application of scorpion venom-derived peptides in cancer therapy. Smp43, a cationic antimicrobial peptide from Scorpio maurus palmatus venom, has been found to exhibit suppressive activity against the proliferation of multiple cancer cell lines. However, its impact on non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines has not been previously investigated. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of Smp43 towards various NSCLC cell lines, particularly A549 cells with an IC50 value of 2.58 μM. The results indicated that Smp43 was internalized into A549 cells through membranolysis and endocytosis, which caused cytoskeleton disorganization, a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, an accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and abnormal apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and autophagy due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Additionally, the study explored the in vivo protective effect of Smp43 in xenograft mice. The findings suggest that Smp43 has potential anticarcinoma properties exerted via the inducement of cellular processes related to cell membrane disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Deng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Yahua Gao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Tienthanh Nguyen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinwei Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiena Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | | | - Xueqing Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
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Yang XF, Liu X, Yan XY, Shang DJ. Effects of frog skin peptide temporin-1CEa and its analogs on ox-LDL induced macrophage-derived foam cells. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1139532. [PMID: 37021059 PMCID: PMC10067733 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1139532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Atherosclerosis is one of the most important pathological foundations of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality. Studies have shown that macrophages play important roles in lipid accumulation in the vascular wall and thrombosis formation in atherosclerotic plaques. This study aimed to explore the effect of frog skin antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) temporin-1CEa and its analogs on ox-LDL induced macrophage-derived foam cells.Methods: CCK-8, ORO staining, and intracellular cholesterol measurements were used to study cellular activity, lipid droplet formation and cholesterol levels, respectively. ELISA, real-time quantitative PCR, Western blotting and flow cytometry analysis were used to study the expression of inflammatory factors, mRNA and proteins associated with ox-LDL uptake and cholesterol efflux in macrophage-derived foam cells, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of AMPs on inflammation signaling pathways were studied.Results: Frog skin AMPs could significantly increase the cell viability of the ox-LDL-induced foaming macrophages and decrease the formation of intracellular lipid droplets and the levels of total cholesterol and cholesterol ester (CE). Frog skin AMPs inhibited foaming formation by reducing the protein expression of CD36, which regulates ox-LDL uptake but had no effect on the expression of efflux proteins ATP binding cassette subfamily A/G member 1 (ABCA1/ABCG1). Then, decreased mRNA expression of NF-κB and protein expression of p-NF-κB p65, p-IκB, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-p38 and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 occurred after exposure to the three frog skin AMPs.Conclusion: Frog skin peptide temporin-1CEa and its analogs can improve the ox-LDL induced formation of macrophage-derived foam cells, in addition, inhibit inflammatory cytokine release through inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting inflammatory responses in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Yang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Yan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
| | - De-Jing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: De-Jing Shang,
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7
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Temporins: Multifunctional Peptides from Frog Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065426. [PMID: 36982501 PMCID: PMC10049141 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporins are short peptides secreted by frogs from all over the world. They exert antimicrobial activity, mainly against Gram-positive bacteria, including resistant pathogens; recent studies highlight other possible applications of these peptides as anticancer or antiviral agents. This review is meant to describe the main features of temporins produced by different ranid genera. Due to the abundance of published papers, we focus on the most widely investigated peptides. We report studies on their mechanism of action and three-dimensional structure in model systems mimicking bacterial membranes or in the presence of cells. The design and the antimicrobial activity of peptide analogues is also described, with the aim of highlighting elements that are crucial to improve the bioactivity of peptides while reducing their toxicity. Finally, a short section is dedicated to the studies aimed at applying these peptides as drugs, to produce new antimicrobial materials or in other technological uses.
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8
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Zhong M, He J, Zhang B, Liu Q, Fang J. Mitochondria-targeted iridium-based photosensitizers enhancing photodynamic therapy effect by disturbing cellular redox balance. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 195:121-131. [PMID: 36581057 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive, light-activated treatment approach that has been broadly employed in cancer. Cyclometallic iridium (Ш) complexes are candidates for ideal photosensitizers due to their unique photophysical and photochemical features, such as high quantum yield, large Stokes shift, strong resistance to photobleaching, and high cellular permeability. We evaluated a panel of iridium complexes and identified PC9 as a powerful photosensitizer to kill cancer cells. PC9 shows an 8-fold increase of cytotoxicity to HeLa cells under light irradiation. Further investigation discloses that PC9 has a strong mitochondrial-targeting ability and can inhibit the antioxidant enzyme thioredoxin reductase, which contributes to improving PDT efficacy. Our data indicate that iridium complexes are efficient photosensitizers with distinct physicochemical properties and cellular actions, and deserve further development as promising agents for PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Zhong
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Jian He
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; Sichuan Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging, School of Medical Imaging, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China.
| | - Jianguo Fang
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094, China.
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Tripathi AK, Vishwanatha JK. Role of Anti-Cancer Peptides as Immunomodulatory Agents: Potential and Design Strategy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122686. [PMID: 36559179 PMCID: PMC9781574 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The usage of peptide-based drugs to combat cancer is gaining significance in the pharmaceutical industry. The collateral damage caused to normal cells due to the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. has given an impetus to the search for alternative methods of cancer treatment. For a long time, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been shown to display anticancer activity. However, the immunomodulatory activity of anti-cancer peptides has not been researched very extensively. The interconnection of cancer and immune responses is well-known. Hence, a search and design of molecules that can show anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity can be lead molecules in this field. A large number of anti-cancer peptides show good immunomodulatory activity by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory responses that assist cancer progression. Here, we thoroughly review both the naturally occurring and synthetic anti-cancer peptides that are reported to possess both anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity. We also assess the structural and biophysical parameters that can be utilized to improve the activity. Both activities are mostly reported by different groups, however, we discuss them together to highlight their interconnection, which can be used in the future to design peptide drugs in the field of cancer therapeutics.
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10
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Al-Darraji MN, Jasim SَA, Salah Aldeen ODA, Ghasemian A, Rasheed M. The Effect of LL37 Antimicrobial Peptide on FOXE1 and lncRNA PTCSC 2 Genes Expression in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) and Normal Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2022; 23:3437-3442. [PMID: 36308369 PMCID: PMC9924353 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2022.23.10.3437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As an innate immune system component, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) exert various effects, such as anticancer properties. This study aimed to evaluate the LL37 AMP anticancer effect against colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the expression of FOXE1 and lncRNA PTCSC2 genes. METHODS The LL37 AMP was purchased from GenScript USA, Inc. Various CRC cell lines (HCT-116, HT29, WiDr, and SW742) were cultured in the DMEM medium. Various concentrations ranging from (5-400) μg/mL of LL37 AMP were prepared, added to cell cultures, and incubated for (24 and 48) hours. A nontoxic level of 30 µg/mL of LL37 was investigated for FOXE1 and lncRNA PTCSC2 gene expression. RESULTS At 24 hours, the (50 and 90) % lethal concentrations of LC50 and LC90, respectively, of LL37 against NCM460 normal cells were (640 and > 640) g/mL. Additionally, these values at 48 hours included (160 and > 640) µg/mL, respectively. After 24 hours of treatment, the LC50 and LC90 of LL37 AMP against CRC cell lines included (20 and 200) µg/mL. The LC50 and LC90 of the LL37 at 48 hours included (20 and 50) µg/mL and at 72 hours. they included (~10 and 40) μg/mL, respectively. FOXE1 but not the PTCSC 2 gene expression was significantly higher in CRC cells than normal cells (NCM460 and HaCaT). The LL37 AMP significantly decreased FOXE1 gene expression by 1.95-fold in CRC cells (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The FOXE1 gene can be considered a biomarker of CRC development. The expression of FOXE1 but not the PTCSC2 gene was significantly affected by the LL37 AMP. The effects of LL37 AMP against CRC cells were time and dose-dependent. Future studies are warranted to verify these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
| | - Mohammed Rasheed
- Applied Sciences Department, University of Technology, Iraq. ,For Correspondence:
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11
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Valenti GE, Alfei S, Caviglia D, Domenicotti C, Marengo B. Antimicrobial Peptides and Cationic Nanoparticles: A Broad-Spectrum Weapon to Fight Multi-Drug Resistance Not Only in Bacteria. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116108. [PMID: 35682787 PMCID: PMC9181033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years, antibiotic resistance and, analogously, anticancer drug resistance have increased considerably, becoming one of the main public health problems. For this reason, it is crucial to find therapeutic strategies able to counteract the onset of multi-drug resistance (MDR). In this review, a critical overview of the innovative tools available today to fight MDR is reported. In this direction, the use of membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs), such as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), has received particular attention, due to their high selectivity and to their limited side effects. Moreover, similarities between bacteria and cancer cells are herein reported and the hypothesis of the possible use of AMPs also in anticancer therapies is discussed. However, it is important to take into account the limitations that could negatively impact clinical application and, in particular, the need for an efficient delivery system. In this regard, the use of nanoparticles (NPs) is proposed as a potential strategy to improve therapy; moreover, among polymeric NPs, cationic ones are emerging as promising tools able to fight the onset of MDR both in bacteria and in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia E. Valenti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Section, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.E.V.); (B.M.)
| | - Silvana Alfei
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, 16148 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Debora Caviglia
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, 6, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Cinzia Domenicotti
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Section, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.E.V.); (B.M.)
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-010-353-8830
| | - Barbara Marengo
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), General Pathology Section, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (G.E.V.); (B.M.)
- Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy
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12
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Chen CH, Liu Y, Eskandari A, Ghimire J, Lin LC, Fang Z, Wimley WC, Ulmschneider JP, Suntharalingam K, Hu CJ, Ulmschneider MB. Integrated Design of a Membrane-Lytic Peptide-Based Intravenous Nanotherapeutic Suppresses Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105506. [PMID: 35246961 PMCID: PMC9069370 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-lytic peptides offer broad synthetic flexibilities and design potential to the arsenal of anticancer therapeutics, which can be limited by cytotoxicity to noncancerous cells and induction of drug resistance via stress-induced mutagenesis. Despite continued research efforts on membrane-perforating peptides for antimicrobial applications, success in anticancer peptide therapeutics remains elusive given the muted distinction between cancerous and normal cell membranes and the challenge of peptide degradation and neutralization upon intravenous delivery. Using triple-negative breast cancer as a model, the authors report the development of a new class of anticancer peptides. Through function-conserving mutations, the authors achieved cancer cell selective membrane perforation, with leads exhibiting a 200-fold selectivity over non-cancerogenic cells and superior cytotoxicity over doxorubicin against breast cancer tumorspheres. Upon continuous exposure to the anticancer peptides at growth-arresting concentrations, cancer cells do not exhibit resistance phenotype, frequently observed under chemotherapeutic treatment. The authors further demonstrate efficient encapsulation of the anticancer peptides in 20 nm polymeric nanocarriers, which possess high tolerability and lead to effective tumor growth inhibition in a mouse model of MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer. This work demonstrates a multidisciplinary approach for enabling translationally relevant membrane-lytic peptides in oncology, opening up a vast chemical repertoire to the arms race against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles H. Chen
- Department of ChemistryKing's College LondonLondonSE1 1DBUK
- Synthetic Biology GroupResearch Laboratory of ElectronicsMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA02139USA
| | - Yu‐Han Liu
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesAcademia SinicaTaipei115Taiwan
| | | | - Jenisha Ghimire
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70112USA
| | | | - Zih‐Syun Fang
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesAcademia SinicaTaipei115Taiwan
| | - William C. Wimley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyTulane UniversityNew OrleansLA70112USA
| | - Jakob P. Ulmschneider
- Department of PhysicsInstitute of Natural SciencesShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China
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13
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Anticancer activity of chicken cathelicidin peptides against different types of cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4321-4339. [PMID: 35449320 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study served as the pioneer in studying the anti-cancer role of chicken cathelicidin peptides. METHODS AND RESULTS Chicken cathelicidins were used as anticancer agent against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and human colon cancer cell line (HCT116). In addition, the mechanism of action of the interaction of cationic peptides with breast cancer cell line MCF-7 was also investigated. An in vivo investigation was also achieved to evaluate the role of chicken cathelicidin in Ehrlich ascites cell (EAC) suppression as a tumor model after subcutaneous implantation in mice. It was found during the study that exposure of cell lines to 40 µg/ml of chicken cathelicidin for 72 h reduced cell lines growth rate by 90-95%. These peptides demonstrated down-regulation of (cyclin A1 and cyclin D genes) of MCF-7 cells. The study showed that two- and three-fold expression of both of caspase-3 and - 7 genes in untreated MCF-7 cells compared to treated MCF-7 cells with chicken cathelicidin peptides. Our data showed that chicken (CATH-1) enhance releasing of TNFα, INF-γ and upregulation of granzyme K in treated mice groups, in parallel, the tumor size and volume was reduced in the treated EAC-bearing groups. Tumor of mice groups treated with chicken cathelicidin displayed high area of necrosis compared to untreated EAC-bearing mice. Based on histological analysis and immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor section in Ehrlich solid tumor exhibited a strong Bcl2 expression in untreated control compared to mice treated with 10 & 20 µg of cathelicidin. Interestingly, low expression of Bcl2 were observed in mice taken 40 µg/mL of CATH-1. CONCLUSIONS This study drive intention in treatment of cancer through the efficacy of anticancer efficacy of chicken cathelicidin peptides.
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14
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Karami Fath M, Babakhaniyan K, Zokaei M, Yaghoubian A, Akbari S, Khorsandi M, Soofi A, Nabi-Afjadi M, Zalpoor H, Jalalifar F, Azargoonjahromi A, Payandeh Z, Alagheband Bahrami A. Anti-cancer peptide-based therapeutic strategies in solid tumors. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:33. [PMID: 35397496 PMCID: PMC8994312 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00332-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nowadays, conventional medical treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy cannot cure all types of cancer. A promising approach to treat solid tumors is the use of tumor-targeting peptides to deliver drugs or active agents selectively. Result Introducing beneficial therapeutic approaches, such as therapeutic peptides and their varied methods of action against tumor cells, can aid researchers in the discovery of novel peptides for cancer treatment. The biomedical applications of therapeutic peptides are highly interesting. These peptides, owing to their high selectivity, specificity, small dimensions, high biocompatibility, and easy modification, provide good opportunities for targeted drug delivery. In recent years, peptides have shown considerable promise as therapeutics or targeting ligands in cancer research and nanotechnology. Conclusion This study reviews a variety of therapeutic peptides and targeting ligands in cancer therapy. Initially, three types of tumor-homing and cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are described, and then their applications in breast, glioma, colorectal, and melanoma cancer research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Karami Fath
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimiya Babakhaniyan
- Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Zokaei
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Science, Food Science and Technology/National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Beyza Branch, Islamic Azad University, Beyza, Iran
| | - Azadeh Yaghoubian
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Akbari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Khorsandi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asma Soofi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of biological science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- American Association of Kidney Patients, Tampa, FL, USA.,Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Jalalifar
- School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Payandeh
- Department Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Division Medical Inflammation Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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15
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Characterization and Anticancer Activity of a Folic Acid Conjugated and Cationic Peptide L-K6 Encapsulated Cancer-Targeting Liposomal Drug Delivery System. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10393-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Overview of Host Defense Peptides with Promising Anti-Breast Cancer Activity. SERBIAN JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/sjecr-2021-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of death among women worldwide. The main limitations of conventional anti-cancer therapy, including breast cancer treatment, are side effects and the development of resistance to chemotherapeutics. Host defense peptides (HDPs) are bioactive compounds of innate immunity isolated from almost all living organisms, which exhibit wide range of biological activities. This review focuses on the anti-cancer effects of HDPs and their therapeutic potential against breast cancer. Numerous HDPs from different sources, including mammalian and amphibian origin, and their chemically modified analogues, exert the spectrum of anti-cancer activities. These effects include direct disruption of cancer cell membrane, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation, but also the modulation of anti-cancer immune response. Selected examples of HDPs of different origin and their anti-breast cancer capacities have been reviewed. Conclusively, due to their anti-cancer effects accompanied by substantial selectivity for cancer cells and low toxicity for normal cells, HDPs have been widely recognized as possible therapeutic agents.
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17
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Jafari A, Babajani A, Sarrami Forooshani R, Yazdani M, Rezaei-Tavirani M. Clinical Applications and Anticancer Effects of Antimicrobial Peptides: From Bench to Bedside. Front Oncol 2022; 12:819563. [PMID: 35280755 PMCID: PMC8904739 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.819563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a multifaceted global health issue and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In recent years, medical science has achieved great advances in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Despite the numerous advantages of conventional cancer therapies, there are major drawbacks including severe side effects, toxicities, and drug resistance. Therefore, the urgency of developing new drugs with low cytotoxicity and treatment resistance is increasing. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted attention as a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of various cancers, targeting tumor cells with less toxicity to normal tissues. In this review, we present the structure, biological function, and underlying mechanisms of AMPs. The recent experimental studies and clinical trials on anticancer peptides in different cancer types as well as the challenges of their clinical application have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Jafari
- Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhesam Babajani
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Sarrami Forooshani
- Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Yazdani
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Drug Design, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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18
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In Vitro & In Vivo Studies on Identifying and Designing Temporin-1CEh from the Skin Secretion of Rana chensinensis as the Optimised Antibacterial Prototype Drug. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030604. [PMID: 35335979 PMCID: PMC8949600 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian skin secretion is an ideal source of antimicrobial peptides that are difficult to induce drug resistance to due to their membrane-targeting mechanism as a new treatment scheme. In this study, a natural antimicrobial peptide Temporin-1CEh was identified by molecular cloning and mass spectrometry from the skin secretions of the Chinese forest frog (Rana chensinensis). Through the study of the structure and biological activity, it was found that Temporin-1CEh was a helical peptide from the Temporin family, and possessed good anti-Gram-positive bacteria activity through the mechanism of membrane destruction. Seven analogues were further designed to obtain broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and higher stability in different physiological conditions. The results showed that T1CEh-KKPWW showed potent antibacterial activity with significantly increasing the activity against Gram-negative bacteria in vitro and in vivo with low haemolysis. In addition, T1CEh-KKPWW2 showed high sensitivity to the pH, serum or salts conditions, which applied a branched structure to allow the active units of the peptide to accumulate. Even though the haemolytic activity was increased, the stable antibacterial activity made this novel analogue meet the conditions to become a potential candidate in future antimicrobial and antibiofilm applications.
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19
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Li C, Zhang S, Zhu J, Huang W, Luo Y, Shi H, Yu D, Chen L, Song L, Yu R. A Novel Peptide Derived from Arca inflata Induces Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells through Mitochondria and the p38 MAPK Pathway. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20020110. [PMID: 35200639 PMCID: PMC8875476 DOI: 10.3390/md20020110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related incidence and deaths. Here, we identified a novel antitumor peptide, P6, with a molecular weight of 2794.8 Da from a marine Chinese medicine, Arca inflata Reeve. The full amino acid sequence and secondary structure of P6 were determined by tandem mass de novo sequencing and circular dichroism spectroscopy, respectively. P6 markedly inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation, and induced apoptosis in CRC cells. Mechanistically, transcriptomics analysis and a serial functional evaluation showed that P6 induced colon cancer cell apoptosis through the activation of the p38-MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, it was demonstrated that P6 exhibited antitumor effects in a tumor xenograft model, and induced cell cycle arrest in CRC cells in a concentration-dependent mode. These findings provide the first line of indication that P6 could be a potential therapeutic agent for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Li
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Sirui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.Z.); (W.H.)
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Weijuan Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.Z.); (W.H.)
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Hui Shi
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
| | - Dongbo Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Care, ThedaCare Regional Medical Center, Appleton, WI 54911, USA;
| | - Liguo Chen
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese & Western Medicine, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.S.); (R.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85228205 (L.S.); +86-20-85220386 (R.Y.); Fax: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85224766 (R.Y.)
| | - Liyan Song
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (S.Z.); (W.H.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.S.); (R.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85228205 (L.S.); +86-20-85220386 (R.Y.); Fax: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85224766 (R.Y.)
| | - Rongmin Yu
- Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China; (C.L.); (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (H.S.)
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (L.S.); (R.Y.); Tel.: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85228205 (L.S.); +86-20-85220386 (R.Y.); Fax: +86-20-85226476 (L.C.); +86-20-85224766 (R.Y.)
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20
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Guo F, Zhang Y, Dong W, Guan Y, Shang D. Effect of hydrophobicity on distinct anticancer mechanism of antimicrobial peptide chensinin-1b and its lipoanalog PA-C1b in breast cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 143:106156. [PMID: 34999227 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chensinin-1b and its lipoanalogs demonstrate different anticancer activities against selected cancer cells, and the anticancer activity of PA-C1b is improved up to 3-fold compared with that of the parent peptide chensinin-1b. However, detailing the mechanism of action of these peptides is required to better understand the structure-function relationship. In this study, chensinin-1b and PA-C1b were selected as the representative peptides to investigate the mode of action in cancer cells. The results indicated that the boundary of the cell membrane was broken when the cells were treated with chensinin-1b, while that of cells treated with PA-C1b remained intact based on morphological changes. Apoptosis assays indicated that PA-C1b induced MCF-7 cancer cell apoptosis, while chensinin-1b mainly damaged the cell membrane. MCF-7 cancer cells treated with the peptides induced the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, and cytochrome c was released from mitochondria, but PA-C1b enhanced ROS generation. Additionally, PA-C1b uptake occurred via an energy-dependent pathway and was inhibited by selected endocytosis inhibitors. Furthermore, treatment of MCF-7 cells with PA-C1b suppressed Bcl-2 mRNA levels and increased Bax mRNA levels, upregulated the expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax and downregulated the expression of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2. These results indicate that the anticancer mechanism of AMPs may be considerably affected by only a slight difference in the hydrophobicity of the two peptides; and such a study may facilitate the design of novel peptide-based anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilu Guo
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Weibing Dong
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
| | - Yue Guan
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China
| | - Dejing Shang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China; Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116081, China.
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21
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LyeTx I-b Peptide Attenuates Tumor Burden and Metastasis in a Mouse 4T1 Breast Cancer Model. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091136. [PMID: 34572719 PMCID: PMC8466574 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic anticancer peptides have exhibited potent anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in neoplastic illness conditions. LyeTx I-b is a synthetic peptide derived from Lycosa erythrognatha spider venom that previously showed antibiotic activity in vitro and in vivo. This study focused on the effects of LyeTxI-b on a 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model. Mice with a palpable tumor in the left flank were subcutaneously or intratumorally injected with LyeTx I-b (5 mg/kg), which significantly decreased the tumor volume and metastatic nodules. Histological analyses showed a large necrotic area in treated primary tumors compared to the control. LyeTxI-b reduced tumor growth and lung metastasis in the 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model with no signs of toxicity in healthy or cancerous mice. The mechanism of action of LyeTx I-b on the 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model was evaluated in vitro and is associated with induction of apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition. Furthermore, LyeTx I-b seems to be an efficient regulator of the 4T1 tumor microenvironment by modulating several cytokines, such as TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, in primary tumor and lung, spleen, and brain. LyeTx I-b also plays a role in leukocytes rolling and adhesion into spinal cord microcirculation and in the number of circulating leukocytes. These data suggest a potent antineoplastic efficacy ofLyeTx I-b.
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22
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Buri MV, Sperandio LP, de Souza KFS, Antunes F, Rezende MM, Melo CM, Pinhal MAS, Barros CC, Fernig DG, Yates EA, Ide JS, Smaili SS, Riske KA, Nader HB, Luis Dos Santos Tersariol I, Lima MA, Judice WAS, Miranda A, Paredes-Gamero EJ. Endocytosis and the Participation of Glycosaminoglycans Are Important to the Mechanism of Cell Death Induced by β-Hairpin Antimicrobial Peptides. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:6488-6501. [PMID: 35006908 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxic mode of action of four antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) (gomesin, tachyplesin, protegrin, and polyphemusin) against a HeLa cell tumor model is discussed. A study of cell death by AMP stimulation revealed some similarities, including annexin-V externalization, reduction of mitochondrial potential, insensitivity against inhibitors of cell death, and membrane permeabilization. Evaluation of signaling proteins and gene expression that control cell death revealed wide variation in the responses to AMPs. However, the ability to cross cell membranes emerged as an important characteristic of AMP-dependent cell death, where endocytosis mediated by dynamin is a common mechanism. Furthermore, the affinity between AMPs and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and GAG participation in the cytotoxicity of AMPs were verified. The results show that, despite their primary and secondary structure homology, these peptides present different modes of action, but endocytosis and GAG participation are an important and common mechanism of cytotoxicity for β-hairpin peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinicius Buri
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Paulino Sperandio
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, Universidade de Mogi Das Cruzes, Av. Dr. Cândido Xavier de Almeida Souza, 200, Mogi Das Cruzes 08780-911, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kamylla F S de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Antunes
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marina Mastelaro Rezende
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carina Mucciolo Melo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A S Pinhal
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departmento de Bioquímica, Faculdade de Medicina Do ABC, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil
| | - Carlos C Barros
- Departamento de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, R. Gomes Carneiro, No1, Pelotas 96010-610, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - David G Fernig
- Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Edwin A Yates
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, ISMIB, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Jaime S Ide
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06519, United States
| | - Soraya S Smaili
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karin A Riske
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena B Nader
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Andrade Lima
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner A S Judice
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica, Universidade de Mogi Das Cruzes, Av. Dr. Cândido Xavier de Almeida Souza, 200, Mogi Das Cruzes 08780-911, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Miranda
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo 04044-020, São Paulo, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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23
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Nasiri F, Atanaki FF, Behrouzi S, Kavousi K, Bagheri M. CpACpP: In Silico Cell-Penetrating Anticancer Peptide Prediction Using a Novel Bioinformatics Framework. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:19846-19859. [PMID: 34368571 PMCID: PMC8340416 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Cell-penetrating anticancer peptides (Cp-ACPs) are considered promising candidates in solid tumor and hematologic cancer therapies. Current approaches for the design and discovery of Cp-ACPs trust the expensive high-throughput screenings that often give rise to multiple obstacles, including instrumentation adaptation and experimental handling. The application of machine learning (ML) tools developed for peptide activity prediction is importantly of growing interest. In this study, we applied the random forest (RF)-, support vector machine (SVM)-, and eXtreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)-based algorithms to predict the active Cp-ACPs using an experimentally validated data set. The model, CpACpP, was developed on the basis of two independent cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) and anticancer peptide (ACP) subpredictors. Various compositional and physiochemical-based features were combined or selected using the multilayered recursive feature elimination (RFE) method for both data sets. Our results showed that the ACP subclassifiers obtain a mean performance accuracy (ACC) of 0.98 with an area under curve (AUC) ≈ 0.98 vis-à-vis the CPP predictors displaying relevant values of ∼0.94 and ∼0.95 via the hybrid-based features and independent data sets, respectively. Also, the predicting evaluation of Cp-ACPs gave accuracies of ∼0.79 and 0.89 on a series of independent sequences by applying our CPP and ACP classifiers, respectively, which leaves the performance of our predictors better than the earlier reported ACPred, mACPpred, MLCPP, and CPPred-RF. The described consensus-based fusion method additionally reached an AUC of 0.94 for the prediction of Cp-ACP (http://cbb1.ut.ac.ir/CpACpP/Index).
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Nasiri
- Peptide
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry
and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14335, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Fallah Atanaki
- Laboratory
of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department
of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
| | - Saman Behrouzi
- Laboratory
of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department
of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory
of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department
of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14411, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Bagheri
- Peptide
Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry
and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran 14176-14335, Iran
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24
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Antimicrobial peptides as potential therapeutics for breast cancer. Pharmacol Res 2021; 171:105777. [PMID: 34298112 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common and deadliest cancer in women worldwide. Although notable advances have been achieved in the treatment of breast cancer, the overall survival rate of metastatic breast cancer patients is still considerably low due to the development of resistance to breast cancer chemotherapeutic agents and the non-optimal specificity of the current generation of cancer medications. Hence, there is a growing interest in the search for alternative therapeutics with novel anticancer mechanisms. Recently, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have gained much attention due to their cost-effectiveness, high specificity of action, and robust efficacy. However, there are no clinical data available about their efficacy. This warrants the increasing need for clinical trials to be conducted to assess the efficacy of this new class of drugs. Here, we will focus on the recent progress in the use of AMPs for breast cancer therapy and will highlight their modes of action. Finally, we will discuss the combination of AMP-based therapeutics with other breast cancer therapy strategies, including nanotherapy and chemotherapy, which may provide a potential avenue for overcoming drug resistance.
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25
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Wang C, Huang L, Li R, Wang Y, Wu X, Shang D. Synergistic Therapy of Doxorubicin with Cationic Anticancer Peptide L-K6 Reverses Multidrug Resistance in MCF-7/ADR Cancer Cells In Vitro via P-glycoprotein Inhibition. Int J Pept Res Ther 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-021-10253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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26
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Rajawat S, Malik MM. Targeted Delivery of Colloidal Silver for MCF-7 Breast Cancer Treatment. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 17:613-621. [PMID: 32384028 DOI: 10.2174/1567201817666200508095241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amongst various cancer diseases, breast cancer is frequently diagnosed malignancy in women. Existing treatments are inadequate, painful and toxic. New ways of treatments need to be explored. METHODS The present work proposes preparation and targeted delivery of a formulation, F-1, for MCF-7 breast cancer treatment. The formulation, colloidal silver (0.76 ppm), was prepared by electrolytic deposition technique and multi surface coatings. Black tea extract (2.25%v/v) was used as a capping agent to tune the morphology of silver nanoparticle and potato extract (6.25%v/v) as a functionalizing agent for targeting MCF-7 breast cancer site. RESULTS Characterization results show highly pure spherical silver nanoparticles with an average particle size of 15nm. The shift of peaks in the FTIR spectra of formulation confirms the interaction between nanoparticles and extracts. The UV-visible peak was obtained at 525nm, a typical characteristic of silver nanoparticles. In-vivo; anti-cancer study of formulation gave a moderate therapeutic effect in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immune Deficiency (NOD-SCID) mice. CONCLUSION It is observed that tumor volumes obtained in the case of Formulation-1 were moderately inhibited from days 5 to 9. However, one of the mice in the Formulation-1 group inhibited tumor volume to 1.52 cc similar to one of the mice of positive control group (Adriamycin 1.42cc).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Rajawat
- Department of Physics, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India
| | - Manzar M Malik
- Department of Physics, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, India
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27
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Huang KY, Tseng YJ, Kao HJ, Chen CH, Yang HH, Weng SL. Identification of subtypes of anticancer peptides based on sequential features and physicochemical properties. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13594. [PMID: 34193950 PMCID: PMC8245499 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93124-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anticancer peptides (ACPs) are a kind of bioactive peptides which could be used as a novel type of anticancer drug that has several advantages over chemistry-based drug, including high specificity, strong tumor penetration capacity, and low toxicity to normal cells. As the number of experimentally verified bioactive peptides has increased significantly, various of in silico approaches are imperative for investigating the characteristics of ACPs. However, the lack of methods for investigating the differences in physicochemical properties of ACPs. In this study, we compared the N- and C-terminal amino acid composition for each peptide, there are three major subtypes of ACPs that are defined based on the distribution of positively charged residues. For the first time, we were motivated to develop a two-step machine learning model for identification of the subtypes of ACPs, which classify the input data into the corresponding group before applying the classifier. Further, to improve the predictive power, the hybrid feature sets were considered for prediction. Evaluation by five-fold cross-validation showed that the two-step model trained with sequence-based features and physicochemical properties was most effective in discriminating between ACPs and non-ACPs. The two-step model trained with the hybrid features performed well, with a sensitivity of 86.75%, a specificity of 85.75%, an accuracy of 86.08%, and a Matthews Correlation Coefficient value of 0.703. Furthermore, the model also consistently provides the effective performance in independent testing set, with sensitivity of 77.6%, specificity of 94.74%, accuracy of 88.99% and the MCC value reached 0.75. Finally, the two-step model has been implemented as a web-based tool, namely iDACP, which is now freely available at http://mer.hc.mmh.org.tw/iDACP/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yao Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhan Tseng
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ju Kao
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Long Weng
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, 252, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hsinchu Mackay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, 300, Taiwan.
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Medicine, Nursing and Management College, Taipei City, 112, Taiwan.
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28
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Sun ZG, Zhao LH, Yeh SM, Li ZN, Ming X. Research Development, Optimization and Modifications of Anti-cancer Peptides. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:58-68. [PMID: 32767954 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200729163146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Anti-cancer peptides play an important role in the area of cancer inhibition. A variety of anti- cancer peptides have emerged through the extraction and structural modification of peptides from biological tissues. This review provides the research background of anti-cancer peptides, the introduction of the mechanism of anti-cancer peptides for inhibition of cancers, the discovery and development along with optimization and modifications of these peptides in the clinical application. In conclusion, it can be said that anti-cancer peptides will play a major role in the future oncologic clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Liang-Hui Zhao
- Weifang Medical University, No. 7166 Baotong West Street, Weifang 261000, China
| | - Stacy Mary Yeh
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston- Salem, NC 27101, United States
| | - Zhi-Na Li
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi 276400, China
| | - Xin Ming
- Departments of Cancer Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston- Salem, NC 27101, United States
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29
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Beheshtirouy S, Mirzaei F, Eyvazi S, Tarhriz V. Recent Advances in Therapeutic Peptides for Breast Cancer Treatment. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 22:74-88. [PMID: 33208071 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721999201117123616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous malignancy and is the second leading cause of mortality among women around the world. Increasing the resistance to anti-cancer drugs in breast cancer cells persuades researchers to search the novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of this malignancy. Among the novel methods, therapeutic peptides that target and disrupt tumor cells have been of great interest. Therapeutic peptides are short amino acid monomer chains with high specificity to bind and modulate a protein interaction of interest. Several advantages of peptides, such as specific binding on tumor cells surface, low molecular weight, and low toxicity on normal cells, make the peptides appealing therapeutic agents against solid tumors, particularly breast cancer. Also, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) describes therapeutic peptides as a suitable candidate for the treatment of drug-resistant breast cancer. In this review, we attempt to review the different therapeutic peptides against breast cancer cells that can be used in the treatment and diagnosis of the malignancy. Meanwhile, we presented an overview of peptide vaccines that have been developed for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Beheshtirouy
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Imam Reza Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Mirzaei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Department of Biology, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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30
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Askari Rizvi SF, Zhang H. Emerging trends of receptor-mediated tumor targeting peptides: A review with perspective from molecular imaging modalities. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113538. [PMID: 34022717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural peptides extracted from natural components such are known to have a relatively short in-vivo half-life and can readily metabolize by endo- and exo-peptidases. Fortunately, synthetic peptides can be easily manipulated to increase in-vivo stability, membrane permeability and target specificity with some well-known natural families. Many natural as well as synthetic peptides target to their endogenous receptors for diagnosis and therapeutic applications. In order to detect these peptides externally, they must be modified with radionuclides compatible with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET). Although, these techniques mainly rely on physiological changes and have profound diagnostic strength over anatomical modalities such as MRI and CT. However, both SPECT and PET observed to possess lack of anatomical reference frame which is a key weakness of these techniques, and unfortunately, cannot be available freely in most clinical centres especially in under-developing countries. Hence, it is need of the time to design and develop economic, patient friendly and versatile strategies to grapple with existing problems without any hazardous side effects. Optical molecular imaging (OMI) has emerged as a novel technique in field of medical science using fluorescent probes as imaging modality and has ability to couple with organic drugs, small molecules, chemotherapeutics, DNA, RNA, anticancer peptide and protein without adding chelators as necessary for radionuclides. Furthermore, this review focuses on difference in imaging modalities and provides ample knowledge about reliable, economic and patient friendly optical imaging technique rather radionuclide-based imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faheem Askari Rizvi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 730000, Gansu, PR China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
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31
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Novel bioactive peptides of Achillea eriophora show anticancer and antioxidant activities. Bioorg Chem 2021; 110:104777. [PMID: 33714023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the limitations of current methods in cancer treatment, the use of bioactive peptides can be as an alternative to treat today. Therefore, isolation and relative purification of bioactive peptides was carried out form Achillea eriophora using a Sep-Pak C18 SPE cartridge and Amicon® Ultra Centrifugal Filters. The presence of desired peptides was checked using RP-HPLC and confirmed using LC-MS. The results of anticancer assay showed that the peptide mixture inhibits the growth of MCF-7 cancerous cell line with the values of IC50, GI50, and LC50 equal to 18.73 ± 0.22, 7.52 ± 0.15, and 56.73 ± 0.18 µg/mL, respectively. It also showed DPPH radical scavenging activity and cupric-ion reducing power with the IC50 value of 5.095 ± 0.23 and 63.3 ± 0.44 µg/mL, respectively. Although flavonoids were present in the sample along with the peptides, their amount was trivial (18.097 ± 1.36 μg/mL). Nevertheless, the results of the LC-MS showed mass-to-charge ratios of 301.17, 261.22, and 243.25, which was a dipeptide or tripeptide in compression to enzyme-digested BSA as a standard. In addition, SEM analysis of the purified peptide mixture showed that it kills the MCF-7 cancerous cell line by creating pores in the membrane. Therefore, it might be valuable to these peptides sequenced and be studied for physicochemical properties. Animal and clinical studies could help its application in drug development.
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32
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Yoo DY, Barros SA, Brown GC, Rabot C, Bar-Sagi D, Arora PS. Macropinocytosis as a Key Determinant of Peptidomimetic Uptake in Cancer Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14461-14471. [PMID: 32786217 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c02109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and peptidomimetics represent the middle space between small molecules and large proteins-they retain the relatively small size and synthetic accessibility of small molecules while providing high binding specificity for biomolecular partners typically observed with proteins. During the course of our efforts to target intracellular protein-protein interactions in cancer, we observed that the cellular uptake of peptides is critically determined by the cell line-specifically, we noted that peptides show better uptake in cancer cells with enhanced macropinocytic indices. Here, we describe the results of our analysis of cellular penetration by different classes of conformationally stabilized peptides. We tested the uptake of linear peptides, peptide macrocycles, stabilized helices, β-hairpin peptides, and cross-linked helix dimers in 11 different cell lines. Efficient uptake of these conformationally defined constructs directly correlated with the macropinocytic activity of each cell line: high uptake of compounds was observed in cells with mutations in certain signaling pathways. Significantly, the study shows that constrained peptides follow the same uptake mechanism as proteins in macropinocytic cells, but unlike proteins, peptide mimics can be readily designed to resist denaturation and proteolytic degradation. Our findings expand the current understanding of cellular uptake in cancer cells by designed peptidomimetics and suggest that cancer cells with certain mutations are suitable mediums for the study of biological pathways with peptide leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Y Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Stephanie A Barros
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Gordon C Brown
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Christian Rabot
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
| | - Dafna Bar-Sagi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Paramjit S Arora
- Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States
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33
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Xie M, Liu D, Yang Y. Anti-cancer peptides: classification, mechanism of action, reconstruction and modification. Open Biol 2020; 10:200004. [PMID: 32692959 PMCID: PMC7574553 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer peptides (ACPs) are a series of short peptides composed of 10-60 amino acids that can inhibit tumour cell proliferation or migration, or suppress the formation of tumour blood vessels, and are less likely to cause drug resistance. The aforementioned merits make ACPs the most promising anti-cancer candidate. However, ACPs may be degraded by proteases, or result in cytotoxicity in many cases. To overcome these drawbacks, a plethora of research has focused on reconstruction or modification of ACPs to improve their anti-cancer activity, while reducing their cytotoxicity. The modification of ACPs mainly includes main chain reconstruction and side chain modification. After summarizing the classification and mechanism of action of ACPs, this paper focuses on recent development and progress about their reconstruction and modification. The information collected here may provide some ideas for further research on ACPs, in particular their modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Xie
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
| | - Dijia Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China.,Zhuhai Key Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Research in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519040, People's Republic of China
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34
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Rizvi SFA, Mu S, Wang Y, Li S, Zhang H. Fluorescent RGD-based pro-apoptotic peptide conjugates as mitochondria-targeting probes for enhanced anticancer activities. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 127:110179. [PMID: 32387862 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We have designed 2-domain anticancer peptides with RGD-based KLAK bi-functional short motifs (linear and cyclic analogues). RGD tripeptide acts as tumor blood vessel 'homing' motif while KLAK tetrapeptide internalized in mitochondria and causes cell apoptosis. All three peptides (RGDKLAK; HM, cyclic-RGDKLAK; HMC-1, and RGD-cyclic-KLAK; HMC-2) were conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate isomer-I (5-FITC; F) for in-vivo and in-vitro optical imaging studies. These fluorescent-peptide (FL-peptide) analogues were analyzed to possess αvβ3-integrin targeting affinity, high uptake in in-vitro cell binding assays followed by in-vivo tumor xenograft mice studies. Pharmacological profile reveals that F-HMC-1 analogue exhibited selectively and specifically higher affinity for αvβ3-integrin than other analogues in U87MG cells in comparison with HeLa cells. The subcutaneous U87MG tumor xenograft mice models clearly visualized the uptake of F-HMC-1 in tumor tissue in contrast with normal tissues with tumor-to-normal tissue ratio (T/NT = 15.9 ± 1.1) at 2 h post-injection. These results suggested that F-HMC-1 peptide has potential diagnostic applications for targeting αvβ3-integrin assessed by optical imaging study in U87MG tumor xenograft mice models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faheem Askari Rizvi
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Shuai Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Yaya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Shuangqin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China.
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35
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Panjeta A, Preet S. Anticancer potential of human intestinal defensin 5 against 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride induced colon cancer: A therapeutic approach. Peptides 2020; 126:170263. [PMID: 31981594 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The escalating predicament of multidrug resistant cancer cells and associated side effects of conventional chemotherapy necessitates the exploration of alternative anticancer therapies. The present study evaluated anticancer therapeutic potential of human defensin 5 (HD-5) against colon cancer. The in vivo anticancer efficacy of HD-5 against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer was elucidated in terms of tumor biostatistics, number of aberrant crypt foci (ACF), in situ apoptosis assay,changes in morphological as well as histological architecture of colon(s). The direct interaction of peptide was investigated by incubating peptide with normal and/or cancerous colonocytes followed by phase contrast, Hoechst 3342 and AO/PI staining as well as confocal microscopy. Changes in membrane dynamics were evaluated by MC 540 and N-NBD-PE staining. In vivo decrease(s) in tumor parameters, number of aberrant crypt foci along with marked increase in the rate of apoptosis was observed.H&E staining revealed neutrophils infiltration and restoration of normal architecture in treated colon(s) which was consistent with scanning electron microscopic observations. Furthermore, non-membranolytic mechanism was found to be acquired by peptide as it could traverse cell membrane gaining access to nucleus and cytoplasm thereby disintegrating cellular architecture. MC 540 and NBD-PE staining revealed that peptide could bind to cancerous cells by taking advantage of altered fluidity levels. Our results indicated that HD-5 exhibited strong cancer cell killing and does not affect normal host cells. The peptide can be exploited as promising option to combat developing menace of colon cancer and/or can at least be used as an adjunct to present day chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Panjeta
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences, Block II, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Simran Preet
- Department of Biophysics, Basic Medical Sciences, Block II, Panjab University, Sector 25, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
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36
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Interaction of the Anti-Proliferative GPER Inverse Agonist ERα17p with the Breast Cancer Cell Plasma Membrane: From Biophysics to Biology. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020447. [PMID: 32075246 PMCID: PMC7072814 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The peptide ERα17p, which corresponds to the 295-311 fragment of the hinge/AF2 domains of the human estrogen receptor α (ERα), exerts apoptosis in breast cancer cells through a mechanism involving the G protein-coupled estrogen-dependent receptor GPER. Besides this receptor-mediated mechanism, we have detected a direct interaction (Kd value in the micromolar range) of this peptide with lipid vesicles mimicking the plasma membrane of eukaryotes. The reversible and not reversible pools of interacting peptide may correspond to soluble and aggregated membrane-interacting peptide populations, respectively. By using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, we have shown that the interaction of the peptide with this membrane model was associated with its folding into β sheet. A slight leakage of the 5(6)-fluorescein was also observed, indicating lipid bilayer permeability. When the peptide was incubated with living breast cancer cells at the active concentration of 10 μM, aggregates were detected at the plasma membrane under the form of spheres. This insoluble pool of peptide, which seems to result from a fibrillation process, is internalized in micrometric vacuoles under the form of fibrils, without evidence of cytotoxicity, at least at the microscopic level. This study provides new information on the interaction of ERα17p with breast cancer cell membranes as well as on its mechanism of action, with respect to direct membrane effects.
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37
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A biotechnological approach for the production of branched chain amino acid containing bioactive peptides to improve human health: A review. Food Res Int 2020; 131:109002. [PMID: 32247480 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Improper nutrition provokes many types of chronic diseases and health problems, which consequently are associated with particularly high costs of treatments. Nowadays, consumer's interest in healthy eating is shifting towards specific foods or food ingredients. As a consequence, bioactive peptides as a promising source of health promoting food additives are currently an intensely debated topic in research. Process design is still on its early stages and is significantly influenced by important preliminary decisions. Thus, parameters like peptide bioactivity within the product, selection of the protein source, enzyme selection for hydrolysis, peptide enrichment method, as well as stability of the peptides within the food matrix and bioavailability are sensitive decision points, which have to be purposefully coordinated, as they are directly linked to amino acid content and structure properties of the peptides. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are essential components for humans, possessing various important physiologic functions within the body. Incorporated within peptide sequences, they may induce dual functions, when used as nutraceuticals in functional food, thus preserving the foodstuff and prevent several widespread diseases. Furthermore, there is evidence that consuming this peptide-class can be a nutritional support for elderly people or improve human health to prevent diseases caused by incorrect nutrition. Based on the knowledge about the role of BCAA within various peptide functions, discussed in the review, special attention is given to different approaches for systematic selection of the protein source and enzymes used in hydrolysis, as well as suitable peptide enrichment methods, thereby showing current trends in research.
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38
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Hou Z, Wang D, Li Y, Zhao R, Wan C, Ma Y, Lian C, Yin F, Li Z. A Sulfonium Triggered Thiol-yne Reaction for Cysteine Modification. J Org Chem 2020; 85:1698-1705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Dongyuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430043, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rongtong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chuan Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Chenshan Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Orrapin S, Intorasoot A, Roytrakul S, Dechsupa N, Kantapan J, Onphat Y, Srimek C, Sitthidet Tharinjaroen C, Anukool U, Butr-Indr B, Phunpae P, Intorasoot S. A novel recombinant javanicin with dual antifungal and anti-proliferative activities. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18417. [PMID: 31804594 PMCID: PMC6895105 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to common drugs by microorganisms and cancers has become a major issue in modern healthcare, increasing the number of deaths worldwide. Novel therapeutic agents with a higher efficiency and less side effects for the treatment of certain diseases are urgently needed. Plant defensins have an integral role in a hosts' immune system and are attractive candidates for combatting drug-resistant microorganisms. Interestingly, some of these defensins also showed great potential due to their cytotoxic activity toward cancer cells. In this study, a defensin encoding gene was isolated from five legume seeds using 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends (3' RACE) with degenerate primers and cDNA cloning strategies. Bioinformatic tools were used for in silico identification and the characterization of new sequences. To study the functional characteristics of these unique defensins, the gene encoded for Sesbania javanica defensin, designated as javanicin, was cloned into pTXB-1 plasmid and expressed in the Escherichia coli Origami 2 (DE3) strain. Under optimized conditions, a 34-kDa javanicin-intein fusion protein was expressed and approximately 2.5-3.5 mg/L of soluble recombinant javanicin was successfully extracted with over 90% purity. Recombinant javanicin displayed antifungal properties against human pathogenic fungi, including resistant strains, as well as cytotoxic activities toward the human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231. Recombinant javanicin holds great promise as a novel therapeutic agent for further medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santhasiri Orrapin
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Amornrat Intorasoot
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Thailand Science Park, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nathupakorn Dechsupa
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jiraporn Kantapan
- Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Yanika Onphat
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chutima Srimek
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Chayada Sitthidet Tharinjaroen
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit (IDRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Usanee Anukool
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit (IDRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Bordin Butr-Indr
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit (IDRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Ponrut Phunpae
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit (IDRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Sorasak Intorasoot
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Infectious Diseases Research Unit (IDRU), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Hammond K, Lewis H, Faruqui N, Russell C, Hoogenboom BW, Ryadnov MG. Helminth Defense Molecules as Design Templates for Membrane Active Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1471-1479. [PMID: 31117348 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A design template for membrane active antibiotics against microbial and tumor cells is described. The template is an amino acid sequence that combines the properties of helminth defense molecules, which are not cytolytic, with the properties of host-defense peptides, which disrupt microbial membranes. Like helminth defense molecules, the template folds into an amphipathic helix in both mammalian host and microbial phospholipid membranes. Unlike these molecules, the template exhibits antimicrobial and anticancer properties that are comparable to those of antimicrobial and anticancer antibiotics. The selective antibiotic activity of the template builds upon a functional synergy between three distinctive faces of the helix, which is in contrast to two faces of membrane-disrupting amphipathic structures. This synergy enables the template to adapt pore formation mechanisms according to the nature of the target membrane, inducing the lysis of microbial and tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Hammond
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Lewis
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Nilofar Faruqui
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Russell
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Bart W. Hoogenboom
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Maxim G. Ryadnov
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand Lane, London WC2R, United Kingdom
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Parvy JP, Yu Y, Dostalova A, Kondo S, Kurjan A, Bulet P, Lemaître B, Vidal M, Cordero JB. The antimicrobial peptide defensin cooperates with tumour necrosis factor to drive tumour cell death in Drosophila. eLife 2019; 8:45061. [PMID: 31358113 PMCID: PMC6667213 DOI: 10.7554/elife.45061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small cationic molecules best known as mediators of the innate defence against microbial infection. While in vitro and ex vivo evidence suggest AMPs’ capacity to kill cancer cells, in vivo demonstration of an anti-tumour role of endogenous AMPs is lacking. Using a Drosophila model of tumourigenesis, we demonstrate a role for the AMP Defensin in the control of tumour progression. Our results reveal that Tumour Necrosis Factor mediates exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS), which makes tumour cells selectively sensitive to the action of Defensin remotely secreted from tracheal and fat tissues. Defensin binds tumour cells in PS-enriched areas, provoking cell death and tumour regression. Altogether, our results provide the first in vivo demonstration for a role of an endogenous AMP as an anti-cancer agent, as well as a mechanism that explains tumour cell sensitivity to the action of AMPs. Animals have a natural defence system – the immune system – that is needed to fight off disease-causing microbes, known as pathogens. One way the immune system attacks pathogens is by producing small microbe-killing molecules called antimicrobial peptides. These antimicrobial peptides carry a positive charge, which allows them to interact with and disrupt the negatively charged cell surfaces of many microbes. Healthy animal cells do not have these negatively charged components on their cell surface, which means they are invisible to antimicrobial peptides. Studies have reported that antimicrobial peptides can attack cancer cells grown in a dish. However, it was unclear whether they could fight cancer cells in a live animal. Parvy et al. have now addressed this issue by studying tumours in the larvae of fruit flies. Flies with tumours made an antimicrobial peptide called Defensin, which normally helps to fight infections. When Parvy et al. deleted the gene coding for Defensin, less tumour cells were dying and the tumours became bigger. This result indicated that Defensin was protecting the fruit flies from tumours. Examining the tumours under the microscope showed that Defensin protein interacted with the membranes of tumour cells. Defensin was not, however, interacting with healthy cells. Further analysis revealed that a negatively charged component of cell membranes called phosphatidylserine, which normally faces the inside of healthy cells, is exposed to the outer surface of tumour cells. This negatively charged molecule renders cancer cells visible to positively charged Defensin. Importantly, the exposure of the phosphatidylserine is mediated by the fly equivalent of a protein called Tumour Necrosis Factor, a key player in cancer biology. Defensin binding to tumour cells leads to their death. These experiments in the fruit fly highlight key molecular mechanisms that allow antimicrobial peptides to fight cancer cells in a living organism. Because human tumour cells can also expose phosphatidylserine, these latest findings may open up the possibility of a new kind of anti-cancer therapy for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yachuan Yu
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Dostalova
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shu Kondo
- Invertebrate Genetics Laboratory, Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Japan
| | - Alina Kurjan
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Philippe Bulet
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, CR University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U1209, CNRS UMR5309, Immunologie Analytique des Pathologies Chroniques, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Lemaître
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Julia B Cordero
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Xu YY, Cao XW, Fu LY, Zhang TZ, Wang FJ, Zhao J. Screening and characterization of a novel high-efficiency tumor-homing cell-penetrating peptide from the buffalo cathelicidin family. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3201. [PMID: 31309656 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery of antitumor drugs is especially important for tumor therapy. Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been shown to be very effective drug carriers for tumor therapy. However, most CPPs lack tumor cell specificity. Here, we identified a highly efficient CPP, CAT, from the newly identified buffalo-derived cathelicidin family, which exhibits a preferential binding capacity for multiple tumor cell lines and delivers carried drug molecules into cells. CAT showed an approximately threefold to sixfold higher translocation efficiency than some reported cell-penetrating antimicrobial peptides, including the well-known classical CPP TAT. Moreover, the delivery efficiency of CAT was greater in a variety of tested tumor cells than in normal cells, especially for the human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721, for which delivery was 7 times more efficient than the normal human embryonic lung cell line MRC-5, according to fluorescent labeling experiment results. CAT was conjugated to the Momordica charantia-derived type-I ribosome-inactivating protein MAP 30, and the cytotoxicity of the MAP 30-CAT fusion protein in the tumor cell line SMMC-7721 was significantly enhanced compared with that of the unconjugated MAP 30. The IC50 value of MAP 30-CAT was approximately 83 times lower than the IC50 value of the original MAP 30. Interestingly, the IC50 value of MAP 30 alone for MRC-5 was approximately twofold higher than the value for SMMC-7721, showing a small difference. However, when MAP 30 was conjugated to CAT, the difference in IC50 values between the two cell lines was significantly increased by 38-fold. The results of the flow cytometric detection of apoptosis revealed that the increase in cytotoxicity after CAT conjugation was mainly caused by the increased induction of apoptosis by the fusion protein. These results suggest that CAT, as a novel tumor-homing CPP, has great potential in drug delivery applications in vivo and will be beneficial to the development of tumor therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Wei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Long-Yun Fu
- Zhejiang Fonow Medicine Co. Ltd., Dongyang City, China
| | - Tao-Zhu Zhang
- Zhejiang Fonow Medicine Co. Ltd., Dongyang City, China
| | - Fu-Jun Wang
- Zhejiang Fonow Medicine Co. Ltd., Dongyang City, China.,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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Schaduangrat N, Nantasenamat C, Prachayasittikul V, Shoombuatong W. ACPred: A Computational Tool for the Prediction and Analysis of Anticancer Peptides. Molecules 2019; 24:E1973. [PMID: 31121946 PMCID: PMC6571645 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anticancer peptides (ACPs) have emerged as a new class of therapeutic agent for cancer treatment due to their lower toxicity as well as greater efficacy, selectivity and specificity when compared to conventional small molecule drugs. However, the experimental identification of ACPs still remains a time-consuming and expensive endeavor. Therefore, it is desirable to develop and improve upon existing computational models for predicting and characterizing ACPs. In this study, we present a bioinformatics tool called the ACPred, which is an interpretable tool for the prediction and characterization of the anticancer activities of peptides. ACPred was developed by utilizing powerful machine learning models (support vector machine and random forest) and various classes of peptide features. It was observed by a jackknife cross-validation test that ACPred can achieve an overall accuracy of 95.61% in identifying ACPs. In addition, analysis revealed the following distinguishing characteristics that ACPs possess: (i) hydrophobic residue enhances the cationic properties of α-helical ACPs resulting in better cell penetration; (ii) the amphipathic nature of the α-helical structure plays a crucial role in its mechanism of cytotoxicity; and (iii) the formation of disulfide bridges on β-sheets is vital for structural maintenance which correlates with its ability to kill cancer cells. Finally, for the convenience of experimental scientists, the ACPred web server was established and made freely available online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nalini Schaduangrat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Chanin Nantasenamat
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Virapong Prachayasittikul
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
| | - Watshara Shoombuatong
- Center of Data Mining and Biomedical Informatics, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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Maraming P, Klaynongsruang S, Boonsiri P, Peng S, Daduang S, Leelayuwat C, Pientong C, Chung J, Daduang J. The cationic cell‐penetrating KT2 peptide promotes cell membrane defects and apoptosis with autophagy inhibition in human HCT 116 colon cancer cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22116-22129. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pornsuda Maraming
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Sompong Klaynongsruang
- Department of Biochemistry, Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Patcharee Boonsiri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Shu‐Fen Peng
- Department of Biological Science and Technology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research China Medical University Hospital Taichung Taiwan
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Chanvit Leelayuwat
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Chamsai Pientong
- HPV & EBV and Carcinogenesis Research Group Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
| | - Jing‐Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology China Medical University Taichung Taiwan
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand
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45
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Are peptides a solution for the treatment of hyperactivated JAK3 pathways? Inflammopharmacology 2019; 27:433-452. [PMID: 30929155 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00589-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
While the inactivation mutations that eliminate JAK3 function lead to the immunological disorders such as severe combined immunodeficiency, activation mutations, causing constitutive JAK3 signaling, are known to trigger various types of cancer or are responsible for autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, or inflammatory bowel diseases. Treatment of hyperactivated JAK3 is still an obstacle, due to different sensibility of mutation types to conventional drugs and unwanted side effects, because these drugs are not absolutely specific for JAK3, thus inhibiting other members of the JAK family, too. Lack of information, in which way sole inhibition of JAK3 is necessary for elimination of the disease, calls for the development of isoform-specific JAK3 inhibitors. Beside this strategy, up to date peptides are a rising alternative as chemo- or immunotherapeutics, but still sparsely represented in drug development and clinical trials. Beyond a possible direct inhibition function, crossing the cancer cell membrane and interfering in disease-causing pathways or triggering apoptosis, peptides could be used in future as adjunct remedies to potentialize traditional therapy and preserve non-affected cells. To discuss such feasible topics, this review deals with the knowledge about the structure-function of JAK3 and the actual state-of-the-art of isoform-specific inhibitor development, as well as the function of currently approved drugs or those currently being tested in clinical trials. Furthermore, several strategies for the application of peptide-based drugs for cancer therapy and the physicochemical and structural relations to peptide efficacy are discussed, and an overview of peptide sequences, which were qualified for clinical trials, is given.
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CGA-N9, an antimicrobial peptide derived from chromogranin A: direct cell penetration of and endocytosis by Candida tropicalis. Biochem J 2019; 476:483-497. [PMID: 30610128 PMCID: PMC6362824 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
CGA-N9 is a peptide derived from the N-terminus of human chromogranin A comprising amino acids 47–55. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays showed that CGA-N9 had antimicrobial activity and exhibited time-dependent inhibition activity against Candida tropicalis, with high safety in human red blood cells (HRBCs) and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3). According to the results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, CGA-N9 accumulated in cells without destroying the integrity of the cell membrane; the peptide was initially localized to the cell membrane and subsequently internalized into the cytosol. An investigation of the cellular internalization mechanism revealed that most CGA-N9 molecules entered the yeast cells, even at 4°C and in the presence of sodium azide (NaN3), both of which block all energy-dependent transport mechanisms. In addition, peptide internalization was affected by the endocytic inhibitors 5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)-amiloride (EIPA), cytochalasin D (CyD) and heparin; chlorpromazine (CPZ) also had some effect on CGA-N9 internalization. Similar results were obtained in the MIC assays, whereby the anticandidal activity of CGA-N9 was blocked to different degrees in the presence of EIPA, CyD, heparin or CPZ. Therefore, most CGA-N9 passes through the C. tropicalis cell membrane via direct cell penetration, whereas the remainder enters through macropinocytosis and sulfate proteoglycan-mediated endocytosis, with a slight contribution from clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Takahashi H, Yumoto K, Yasuhara K, Nadres ET, Kikuchi Y, Buttitta L, Taichman RS, Kuroda K. Anticancer polymers designed for killing dormant prostate cancer cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1096. [PMID: 30705336 PMCID: PMC6355926 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of anticancer therapeutics effective in eliminating dormant cells is a significant challenge in cancer biology. Here, we describe new synthetic polymer-based anticancer agents that mimic the mode of action of anticancer peptides. These anticancer polymers developed here are designed to capture the cationic, amphiphilic traits of anticancer peptides. The anticancer polymers are designed to target anionic lipids exposed on the cancer cell surfaces and act by disrupting the cancer cell membranes. Because the polymer mechanism is not dependent on cell proliferation, we hypothesized that the polymers were active against dormant cancer cells. The polymers exhibited cytotoxicity to proliferating prostate cancer. Importantly, the polymer killed dormant prostate cancer cells that were resistant to docetaxel. This study demonstrates a new approach to discover novel anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Takahashi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739–8526 Japan
| | - Kenji Yumoto
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 630–0192 Japan
| | - Enrico T. Nadres
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Yutaka Kikuchi
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739–8526 Japan
| | - Laura Buttitta
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Russell S. Taichman
- Department of Periodontics & Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Kenichi Kuroda
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
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Potential role of a series of lysine-/leucine-rich antimicrobial peptide in inhibiting lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Biochem J 2018; 475:3687-3706. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides have broad-spectrum killing activities against bacteria, enveloped viruses, fungi and several parasites via cell membrane permeation and exhibit primarily immunomodulatory and anti-infective functions in their interactions with host cells. However, the mechanism underlying their anti-inflammatory activity remains to be elucidated. L-K6, an analog of temporin-1CEb isolated from the skin secretion of Rana chensinensis, has demonstrated a wide range of antimicrobial activities against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the potent anti-inflammatory mechanism of L-K6 and its analogs in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human macrophage U937 cells were evaluated. We found that L-K6 suppressed the expression of inflammatory factors by two downstream signaling components in the MyD88-dependent pathway, including the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the NF (nuclear factor)-κB signaling pathway, but its analog L-K5, which had the same amino acid sequence as L-K6 but no Lys residue at the –COOH terminal, only inhibited the phosphorylation of I-κB and NF-κB. Importantly, L-K6 and L-K5 were actively taken up by U937 cells through an independent cell membrane disruption mechanism and were eventually localized to the perinuclear region. The L-K6 uptake process was mediated by endocytosis, but L-K5 was specifically taken up by U937 cells via TLR4 endocytosis. Our results demonstrated that L-K6 can neutralize LPS and diassociate LPS micelles to inhibit LPS from triggering the proinflammatory signaling pathway, and by partially inhibiting inflammatory responses by the intracellular target. However, L-K5 may mainly inhibit proinflammatory responses by intracellular reporters to modulate the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Maraming P, Klaynongsruang S, Boonsiri P, Maijaroen S, Daduang S, Chung JG, Daduang J. Antitumor activity of RT2 peptide derived from crocodile leukocyte peptide on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2018; 33:972-977. [PMID: 30019842 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RT2, derived from the leukocyte peptide of Crocodylus siamensis, can kill human cervical cancer cells via apoptosis induction, but no evidence has shown in vivo. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of RT2 on human colon cancer xenografts in nude mice. Twenty-four mice were injected subcutaneously with human colon cancer HCT 116 cells. Eleven days after cancer cell implantation, the mice were treated with intratumoral injections of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or RT2 (0.01, 0.1, and 1 mg/mouse) once every 2 days for a total of 5 times. The effect of a 10-day intratumoral injection of RT2 on body weight, biochemical, and hematological parameters in BALB/c mice showed no significant difference between the groups. Tumor volume showed a significant decrease only in the treatment group with RT2 (1 mg/mouse) at day 6 (P < .05), day 8 (P < .01), and day 10 (P < .01) after the first treatment. The protein expression levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and the p53 tumor suppressor protein (p53) in xenograft tumors increased after treatment with RT2 (1 mg/mouse) compared to those in the PBS-injected group. Moreover, RT2 increased the expression of Endo G and Bcl-2 family proteins. Therefore, the peptide RT2 can inhibit tumor growth via the induction of apoptosis in an in vivo xenograft model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornsuda Maraming
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sompong Klaynongsruang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Boonsiri
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Surachai Maijaroen
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Jing-Gung Chung
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Center for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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