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Potter J, Rivers CM, Roche A, Cairns G, Devlin M, Russell C, Drake D. Idiopathic Fistula in an Unrepaired Submucous Cleft Palate. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:159-165. [PMID: 36443938 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221138899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Palatal fistulae are a recognised complication in individuals who have undergone surgical repair of a cleft palate, however, congenital or idiopathic palatal fistulae are rare. This report discusses the presentation and treatment of a 16-year-old female with a submucous cleft palate, who presented with a recent onset change in speech and evidence of a new palatal fistula. There was no history of recent infection or known trauma, and the patient had not undergone any previous palatal surgery. This report discusses the clinical presentation, recommended management and relevant literature for this rare phenomenon.
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Theiss M, Hériché JK, Russell C, Helekal D, Soppitt A, Ries J, Ellenberg J, Brazma A, Uhlmann V. Simulating structurally variable nuclear pore complexes for microscopy. Bioinformatics 2023; 39:btad587. [PMID: 37756700 PMCID: PMC10570993 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btad587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the only passageway for macromolecules between nucleus and cytoplasm, and an important reference standard in microscopy: it is massive and stereotypically arranged. The average architecture of NPC proteins has been resolved with pseudoatomic precision, however observed NPC heterogeneities evidence a high degree of divergence from this average. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) images NPCs at protein-level resolution, whereupon image analysis software studies NPC variability. However, the true picture of this variability is unknown. In quantitative image analysis experiments, it is thus difficult to distinguish intrinsically high SMLM noise from variability of the underlying structure. RESULTS We introduce CIR4MICS ('ceramics', Configurable, Irregular Rings FOR MICroscopy Simulations), a pipeline that synthesizes ground truth datasets of structurally variable NPCs based on architectural models of the true NPC. Users can select one or more N- or C-terminally tagged NPC proteins, and simulate a wide range of geometric variations. We also represent the NPC as a spring-model such that arbitrary deforming forces, of user-defined magnitudes, simulate irregularly shaped variations. Further, we provide annotated reference datasets of simulated human NPCs, which facilitate a side-by-side comparison with real data. To demonstrate, we synthetically replicate a geometric analysis of real NPC radii and reveal that a range of simulated variability parameters can lead to observed results. Our simulator is therefore valuable to test the capabilities of image analysis methods, as well as to inform experimentalists about the requirements of hypothesis-driven imaging studies. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION Code: https://github.com/uhlmanngroup/cir4mics. Simulated data: BioStudies S-BSST1058.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Theiss
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Jean-Karim Hériché
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Craig Russell
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - David Helekal
- Centre for Doctoral Training in Mathematics for Real-World Systems, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alisdair Soppitt
- EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Modelling of Heterogeneous Systems, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Jonas Ries
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Jan Ellenberg
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Alvis Brazma
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
| | - Virginie Uhlmann
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
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Hartley M, Anita L, Babalola K, Russell C, Yoldaş AK, Zulueta-Coarasa T. Pictures at an exhibition: How to share your imaging data. J Microsc 2023. [PMID: 37648214 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.13221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Open access to data underpinning published results is a key pillar of scientific reproducibility. Making data available at scale also provides opportunities for data reuse, encouraging the development of new analysis approaches. In this poster article, accompanying a recorded talk, we will explain the benefits of publicly archiving your image data alongside your published manuscripts, as well as highlight what resources are available to do this. This will include the BioImage Archive, EMBL-EBI's new resource for biological image data, https://www.ebi.ac.uk/bioimage-archive/. We will look at how image data submission works, how to prepare in advance for archiving your data and upcoming developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Hartley
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Liviu Anita
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kolawole Babalola
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aybüke Küpcü Yoldaş
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Teresa Zulueta-Coarasa
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, EMBL-EBI, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
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4
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Etoori D, Park MH, Blackburn RM, Fitzsimons KJ, Butterworth S, Medina J, Mc Grath-Lone L, Russell C, van der Meulen J. Number and timing of primary cleft lip and palate repair surgeries in England: whole nation study of electronic health records before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e071973. [PMID: 37311637 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify differences in number and timing of first primary cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair procedures during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021; 2020/2021) compared with the preceding year (1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020; 2019/2021). DESIGN National observational study of administrative hospital data. SETTING National Health Service hospitals in England. STUDY POPULATION Children <5 years undergoing primary repair for an orofacial cleft Population Consensus and Surveys Classification of Interventions and Procedures-fourth revisions (OPCS-4) codes F031, F291). MAIN EXPOSURE Procedure date (2020/2021 vs 2019/2020). MAIN OUTCOMES Numbers and timing (age in months) of first primary CLP procedures. RESULTS 1716 CLP primary repair procedures were included in the analysis. In 2020/2021, 774 CLP procedures were carried out compared with 942 in 2019/2020, a reduction of 17.8% (95% CI 9.5% to 25.4%). The reduction varied over time in 2020/2021, with no surgeries at all during the first 2 months (April and May 2020). Compared with 2019/2020, first primary lip repair procedures performed in 2020/2021 were delayed by 1.6 months on average (95% CI 0.9 to 2.2 months). Delays in primary palate repairs were smaller on average but varied across the nine geographical regions. CONCLUSION There were significant reductions in the number and delays in timing of first primary CLP repair procedures in England during the first year of the pandemic, which may affect long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Etoori
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Min Hae Park
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | | | - Kate J Fitzsimons
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Sophie Butterworth
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Jibby Medina
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | | | - Craig Russell
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
- National Cleft Surgical Service for Scotland, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan van der Meulen
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
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Park MH, Fitzsimons KJ, Deacon S, Medina J, Wahedally MAH, Butterworth S, Russell C, van der Meulen JH. Longitudinal educational attainment among children with isolated oral cleft: a cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2023:archdischild-2023-325310. [PMID: 37068923 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2023-325310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES (1) To explore differences in educational attainment between children born with isolated clefts and the general population at ages 5, 7 and 11 years; (2) to describe longitudinal changes in attainment among children with cleft through primary education. DESIGN Analysis of Cleft Registry and Audit Network data linked to national educational outcomes. SETTING English state schools. PATIENTS 832 children born with isolated cleft, aged 5 years in 2006-2008. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Difference in teacher-assessed attainment between children with a cleft and general population at each age, for all children and by cleft type. Percentage of children with low attainment at age 5 years who had low attainment at age 11 years, for all children and by cleft type. RESULTS Children with a cleft had lower attainment than the general population in all subject areas (Z-score range: -0.29 (95% CI -0.36 to -0.22) to -0.22 (95% CI -0.29 to -0.14)). This difference remained consistent in size at all ages, and was larger among children with a cleft affecting the palate (cleft palate/cleft lip and palate (CP/CLP)) than those with a cleft lip (CL). Of 216 children with low attainment in any subject at age 5 years, 54.2% had low attainment in at least one subject at age 11 years. Compared with children with CL, those with CP/CLP were more likely to have persistent low attainment. CONCLUSIONS An educational attainment gap for children born with isolated clefts is evident throughout primary education. Almost half of children with low attainment at age 5 years achieve normal attainment at age 11 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Hae Park
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Kate J Fitzsimons
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Scott Deacon
- South West Cleft Service, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Jibby Medina
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | | | - Sophie Butterworth
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- Royal Hospital for Children, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital Campus, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jan H van der Meulen
- Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
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Lo SJ, Chapman P, Young D, Drake D, Devlin M, Russell C. The Cleft Lip Education with Augmented Reality (CLEAR) VR Phase 2 Trial: A Pilot Randomized Crossover Trial of a Novel Patient Information Leaflet. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2023; 60:179-188. [PMID: 34982018 PMCID: PMC9850392 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211059709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Cleft Lip Education with Augmented Reality (CLEAR) project centers around the use of augmented reality (AR) in patient leaflets, as a visual means to overcome the "health literacy" gap. This trial followed Virtual Reality (VR CORE) guidelines for VR Phase 2 (Pilot) trials. METHODS Participants included families of children treated for Cleft Lip and Palate at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow. Interventions were AR leaflet or Traditional Leaflet. Objectives were to calculate sample sizes, assess outcome instruments, trial design, and acceptability to patients. Primary outcome measure was Mental Effort Rating Scale, and secondary outcomes were Patient Satisfaction (Visual Analogue Scale), Usefulness Scale for Patient Information Material (USE) scale, and Instructional Materials Motivation Survey (IMMS). Randomization was by block randomization. The trial was single blinded with assessors blinded to group assignment. RESULTS 12 Participants were randomized, with crossover design permitting analysis of 12 per group. Primary outcome with Mental Effort Rating Scale indicated higher mental effort with Traditional compared to AR Leaflet (4.75 vs 2.00, P = .0003). Secondary outcomes for Satisfaction were Traditional 54.50 versus AR 93.50 (P = .0001); USE scale 49.42 versus 74.08 (P = .0011); and IMMS 112.50 versus 161.75 (P = .0003). Subjective interviews noted overwhelmingly positive patient comments regarding the AR leaflet. Outcome instruments and trial design were acceptable to participants. No harms were recorded. CONCLUSIONS The CLEAR pilot trial provides early evidence of clinical efficacy of AR leaflets in patient education. It is hoped that this will provide a future paradigm shift in the way patient education is delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven John Lo
- Canniesburn Regional Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit, Glasgow, UK
- Steven John Lo, Canniesburn Regional Plastic Surgery and Burns Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G4 0SF, UK.
| | | | | | - David Drake
- National Cleft Service, The Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark Devlin
- National Cleft Service, The Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- National Cleft Service, The Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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7
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Shutt DP, Goodsman DW, Martinez K, Hemez ZJL, Conrad JR, Xu C, Osthus D, Russell C, Hyman JM, Manore CA. A Process-based Model with Temperature, Water, and Lab-derived Data Improves Predictions of Daily Culex pipiens/restuans Mosquito Density. J Med Entomol 2022; 59:1947-1959. [PMID: 36203397 PMCID: PMC9667726 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While the number of human cases of mosquito-borne diseases has increased in North America in the last decade, accurate modeling of mosquito population density has remained a challenge. Longitudinal mosquito trap data over the many years needed for model calibration, and validation is relatively rare. In particular, capturing the relative changes in mosquito abundance across seasons is necessary for predicting the risk of disease spread as it varies from year to year. We developed a discrete, semi-stochastic, mechanistic process-based mosquito population model that captures life-cycle egg, larva, pupa, adult stages, and diapause for Culex pipiens (Diptera, Culicidae) and Culex restuans (Diptera, Culicidae) mosquito populations. This model combines known models for development and survival into a fully connected age-structured model that can reproduce mosquito population dynamics. Mosquito development through these stages is a function of time, temperature, daylight hours, and aquatic habitat availability. The time-dependent parameters are informed by both laboratory studies and mosquito trap data from the Greater Toronto Area. The model incorporates city-wide water-body gauge and precipitation data as a proxy for aquatic habitat. This approach accounts for the nonlinear interaction of temperature and aquatic habitat variability on the mosquito life stages. We demonstrate that the full model predicts the yearly variations in mosquito populations better than a statistical model using the same data sources. This improvement in modeling mosquito abundance can help guide interventions for reducing mosquito abundance in mitigating mosquito-borne diseases like West Nile virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P Shutt
- Information Systems and Modeling, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - D W Goodsman
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Natural Resources Canada, Northern Forestry Centre, 5320 122 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6H 3S5, Canada
| | - K Martinez
- Information Systems and Modeling, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - Z J L Hemez
- Computational Physics Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - J R Conrad
- Information Systems and Modeling, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Theoretical Biology and Biophysics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - C Xu
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | - D Osthus
- Statistical Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
| | | | - J M Hyman
- Department of Mathematics, Tulane University, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - C A Manore
- Earth and Environmental Sciences, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
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8
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Cicchini S, Russell C, Cullerton K. The relationship between volume of newspaper coverage and policy action for nutrition issues in Australia: a content analysis. Public Health 2022; 210:8-15. [PMID: 35863159 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Unhealthy diets are a leading risk factor for the global burden of disease. Research suggests that comprehensive, population-level solutions are required to attenuate this problem, though such policies have not been adopted. Increased media attention may lead to government-led policy action through issue definition and agenda setting. The aim of this study was to analyse which nutrition policy issues are covered in print media, and whether media attention correlated with relevant policy actions in Australia. STUDY DESIGN/METHODS A content analysis was conducted on newspaper articles published between 1999 and 2019 from 11 major Australian metropolitan newspapers. RESULTS Of the policy issues identified, few received meaningful media attention. Of those with peaks in media attention, only fortification and labelling issues coincided with government-led policy actions, while regulating junk-food advertising to children, sugar-sweetened beverage taxation, and the formulation of a National Nutrition Policy did not result in policy outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Given the limited coverage of nutrition policy issues, the relationship between media attention and policy actions for the captured issues may not be determinable. In addition, factors including social, political, and historical contexts may be stronger influences on policymaking than media attention. Although this study did not demonstrate a relationship between media attention and policy action because of low coverage of nutrition issues, it did identify the media are generally reporting nutrition policy issues with a positive public health framing. Promoting favourable coverage of nutrition policy issues is still an important tool for advocacy globally. Moving forward, increasing the volume of coverage of nutrition issues should be an advocacy priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cicchini
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - C Russell
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - K Cullerton
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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10
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Boshara A, Ananthasubramaniam K, Russell C, Bradley P, Nadeem O, Cowger J. Sarcoidosis: Hiding in Plain Sight. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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11
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Lyu M, Gharakheili HH, Russell C, Sivaraman V. Enterprise DNS Asset Mapping and Cyber-Health Tracking via Passive Traffic Analysis. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2022.3221981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Minzhao Lyu
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hassan Habibi Gharakheili
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Craig Russell
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vijay Sivaraman
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Fell M, Russell C, Medina J, Gillgrass T, Chummun S, Cobb ARM, Sandy J, Wren Y, Wills A, Lewis SJ. The impact of changing cigarette smoking habits and smoke-free legislation on orofacial cleft incidence in the United Kingdom: Evidence from two time-series studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259820. [PMID: 34818369 PMCID: PMC8612573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both active and passive cigarette smoking have previously been associated with orofacial cleft aetiology. We aimed to analyse the impact of declining active smoking prevalence and the implementation of smoke-free legislation on the incidence of children born with a cleft lip and/or palate within the United Kingdom. METHODS AND FINDINGS We conducted regression analysis using national administrative data in the United Kingdom between 2000-2018. The main outcome measure was orofacial cleft incidence, reported annually for England, Wales and Northern Ireland and separately for Scotland. First, we conducted an ecological study with longitudinal time-series analysis using smoking prevalence data for females over 16 years of age. Second, we used a natural experiment design with interrupted time-series analysis to assess the impact of smoke-free legislation. Over the study period, the annual incidence of orofacial cleft per 10,000 live births ranged from 14.2-16.2 in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 13.4-18.8 in Scotland. The proportion of active smokers amongst females in the United Kingdom declined by 37% during the study period. Adjusted regression analysis did not show a correlation between the proportion of active smokers and orofacial cleft incidence in either dataset, although we were unable to exclude a modest effect of the magnitude seen in individual-level observational studies. The data in England, Wales and Northern Ireland suggested an 8% reduction in orofacial cleft incidence (RR 0.92, 95%CI 0.85 to 0.99; P = 0.024) following the implementation of smoke-free legislation. In Scotland, there was weak evidence for an increase in orofacial cleft incidence following smoke-free legislation (RR 1.16, 95%CI 0.94 to 1.44; P = 0.173). CONCLUSIONS These two ecological studies offer a novel insight into the influence of smoking in orofacial cleft aetiology, adding to the evidence base from individual-level studies. Our results suggest that smoke-free legislation may have reduced orofacial cleft incidence in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Fell
- Cleft Collective, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Russell
- Scottish Cleft Service, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jibby Medina
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, United Kingdom
| | - Toby Gillgrass
- Scottish Cleft Service, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Shaheel Chummun
- South West Cleft Service, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Alistair R. M. Cobb
- South West Cleft Service, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Sandy
- Cleft Collective, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne Wren
- Cleft Collective, Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Wills
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J. Lewis
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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13
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Fadel R, Makki T, Dagher C, Malette KM, Demertzis Z, Ahluwalia G, Sallam O, Miller J, Russell C. Compression wraps as adjuvant therapy in the management of acute systolic heart failure: a pilot clinical trial. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Current guidelines recommend targeting overall decongestion in management of patients with decompensated heart failure. With lower extremity edema among the most prevalent symptoms in patients admitted with decompensation, this often serves as a clinical target. Lower extremity compression wraps (LECW) are seldom used in the acute setting, with little data on efficacy in heart failure, despite serving as a cornerstone of chronic lymphedema management.
Purpose
Evaluate the efficacy of LECW as adjuvant therapy in management of HF with reduced ejection fraction (EF).
Methods
Open-label, randomized, parallel group controlled trial, with 2:1 randomization of adult patients with a history of HF and reduced EF less than 40% admitted to telemetry unit for intravenous (IV) diuretic therapy.
Results
A total of 32 patients were enrolled, with 29 patients completing the study; 19 (66%) in the control arm, and 10 (34%) in the intervention arm. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics of the two groups. Patients in the intervention arm required less escalation of diuretic therapy (0 vs 5 patients, p=0.079), and less frequent use of continuous infusion therapy (0 vs 7 patients, p=0.027). Total days of IV diuresis was not significantly different between the two groups. Greater net reduction of edema was seen in the intervention group (1.5+ [1–2] vs 1+ [1–2], p=0.072), with fewer cases of acute kidney injury (1 vs 13, p=0.005). The intervention group scored significantly better on MLWHF (55.5 vs 65, p=0.021), including both the physical (17.5 vs 23, p<0.001) and emotional (5.5 vs 11, p<0.001) dimension scores. Overall LOS was shorter in the intervention group (3.5 [3–7] vs 6 [5–10] days, p=0.05). A Poisson regression model was used to examine the effect of intervention on LOS (IRR=0.62, 95% CI 0.44–0.86, p=0.005), suggesting an overall 38% shorter LOS.
Conclusion
In this open-label parallel group RCT, use of LECW resulted in less IV diuretic continuous infusion therapy, greater net reduction in lower extremity edema, reduced patient assessed HF burden, and shorter hospital LOS, with fewer rates of AKI. Trends toward fewer total days of IV diuresis, less escalation of diuresis, and greater reduction in edema were also observed. Larger scale clinical trials are needed to further establish LECW as efficacious adjuvant therapy in the management of acute heart failure.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fadel
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - T Makki
- Henry Ford Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - C Dagher
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - K M Malette
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - Z Demertzis
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - G Ahluwalia
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - O Sallam
- Henry Ford Hospital, Internal Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - J Miller
- Henry Ford Hospital, Emergency Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
| | - C Russell
- Henry Ford Hospital, Cardiovascular Medicine, Detroit, United States of America
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Harrison PW, Lopez R, Rahman N, Allen SG, Aslam R, Buso N, Cummins C, Fathy Y, Felix E, Glont M, Jayathilaka S, Kadam S, Kumar M, Lauer KB, Malhotra G, Mosaku A, Edbali O, Park YM, Parton A, Pearce M, Estrada Pena JF, Rossetto J, Russell C, Selvakumar S, Sitjà XP, Sokolov A, Thorne R, Ventouratou M, Walter P, Yordanova G, Zadissa A, Cochrane G, Blomberg N, Apweiler R. The COVID-19 Data Portal: accelerating SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research through rapid open access data sharing. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:W619-W623. [PMID: 34048576 PMCID: PMC8218199 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic will be remembered as one of the defining events of the 21st century. The rapid global outbreak has had significant impacts on human society and is already responsible for millions of deaths. Understanding and tackling the impact of the virus has required a worldwide mobilisation and coordination of scientific research. The COVID-19 Data Portal (https://www.covid19dataportal.org/) was first released as part of the European COVID-19 Data Platform, on April 20th 2020 to facilitate rapid and open data sharing and analysis, to accelerate global SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 research. The COVID-19 Data Portal has fortnightly feature releases to continue to add new data types, search options, visualisations and improvements based on user feedback and research. The open datasets and intuitive suite of search, identification and download services, represent a truly FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) resource that enables researchers to easily identify and quickly obtain the key datasets needed for their COVID-19 research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W Harrison
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Rodrigo Lopez
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Nadim Rahman
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Stefan Gutnick Allen
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Raheela Aslam
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Nicola Buso
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Carla Cummins
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Yasmin Fathy
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Eloy Felix
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Mihai Glont
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Suran Jayathilaka
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Sandeep Kadam
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Manish Kumar
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Geetika Malhotra
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Abayomi Mosaku
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Ossama Edbali
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Young Mi Park
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Andrew Parton
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Matt Pearce
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Jose Francisco Estrada Pena
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Joseph Rossetto
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Sandeep Selvakumar
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | | | - Alexey Sokolov
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Ross Thorne
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Marianna Ventouratou
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Peter Walter
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Galabina Yordanova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Amonida Zadissa
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Guy Cochrane
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Niklas Blomberg
- ELIXIR, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
| | - Rolf Apweiler
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
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Fell M, Medina J, Fitzsimons K, Seifert M, Roberts A, Russell C, Deacon S. The Relationship Between Maxillary Growth and Speech in Children With a Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate at 5 Years of Age. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2021; 59:453-461. [PMID: 33887986 DOI: 10.1177/10556656211010620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sought to investigate the association between maxillary growth and speech outcomes for children with a repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) at 5 years of age. PARTICIPANTS In all, 521 children (180 females and 341 males) with a nonsyndromic complete UCLP, born between 2007 and 2012 in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland were included in this study. OUTCOME MEASURES Maxillary growth was analyzed using dental models scored by the 5-Year-Olds' index, and perceptual speech analyses were scored by the Cleft Audit Protocol for Speech - Augmented rating. RESULTS Forty-one percent of the children achieved good maxillary growth (scores 1 and 2 on 5-Year-Old' index). Fifty percent of the children achieved normal speech (achieving UK speech standard 1). Maxillary growth was not found to have an impact on speech outcome when described by the 3 UK National Cleft Lip and Palate Speech Audit Outcome Standards. Analysis according to individual speech parameters showed dentalizations to be less prevalent in children with good maxillary growth compared to fair and poor growth (P = .001). The remaining speech parameters within resonance, nasal airflow, and articulation categories were not significantly associated with maxillary growth. CONCLUSION The findings from this study suggest that children with a history of complete UCLP, who have poor maxillary growth, are not at a higher risk of having major speech errors compared to children with good or fair maxillary growth at 5 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Fell
- North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Jibby Medina
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Fitzsimons
- Clinical Effectiveness Unit, Royal College of Surgeons, London, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Seifert
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Roberts
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Russell
- Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Scott Deacon
- University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Trammell J, Epstein F, Liu C, Denhaerynck K, Dobbels F, Russell C, De Geest S. Gender Differences in Adherence to Nonpharmacological Health-Related Behaviors after Heart Transplant: A Secondary Analysis from the International BRIGHT Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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17
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Lyu M, Gharakheili HH, Russell C, Sivaraman V. Hierarchical Anomaly-Based Detection of Distributed DNS Attacks on Enterprise Networks. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2021. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2021.3050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Patten
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Adelle Green
- University Campus North Lincolnshire, Scunthorpe, UK
| | - Daniel Bown
- University Campus North Lincolnshire, Scunthorpe, UK
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19
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Russell C, Hussain M, Huen D, Rahman AS, Mohammed AR. Profiling gene expression dynamics underpinning conventional testing approaches to better inform pre-clinical evaluation of an age appropriate spironolactone formulation. Pharm Dev Technol 2020; 26:101-109. [PMID: 33078682 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1839496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is a need to accelerate paediatric formulation evaluation and enhance quality of early stage data in drug development to alleviate the information pinch point present between formulation development and clinical evaluation. This present work reports application of DNA microarrays as a high throughput screening tool identifying markers for prediction of bioavailability and formulation driven physiological responses. With a focus on enhancing paediatric medicine provision, an oral liquid spironolactone suspension was formulated addressing a paediatric target product profile. Caco-2 cells cultured on transwell inserts were implemented in transport assays in vitro and DNA microarrays were used to examine gene expression modulation. Wistar rats were used to derive in vivo bioavailability data. In vitro, genomic, and in vivo data sets were concurrently evaluated linking drug transport and the genomic fingerprint generated by spironolactone formulation exposure. Significant changes in gene expression are reported as a result of formulation exposure. These include genes coding for ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, solute carrier (SLC) transporters, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, and carboxylesterase enzymes. Genomic findings better inform pre-clinical understanding of pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to spironolactone and its active metabolites than current in vitro drug transport assays alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Russell
- Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - David Huen
- School of Biology, Chemistry and Forensic Science, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | - Ayesha S Rahman
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
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20
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Ahmed J, Habibi Gharakheili H, Raza Q, Russell C, Sivaraman V. Monitoring Enterprise DNS Queries for Detecting Data Exfiltration From Internal Hosts. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2020. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2019.2940735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Giordano BV, Gasparotto A, Liang P, Nelder MP, Russell C, Hunter FF. Discovery of an Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus population and first records of Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti in Canada. Med Vet Entomol 2020; 34:10-16. [PMID: 31566765 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A population of Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae), a vector of chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, and Zika and West Nile viruses, has been detected in Windsor, Ontario, Canada from 2016 onwards. Here, we describe its seasonal distribution, as well as the various aquatic habitats from which this species was collected and its larval co-habitation. We collected immatures from tires, treeholes, extruded polystyrene foam containers, discarded plastic cups, old recycling bins and oviposition traps. Aedes albopictus larvae were collected with Aedes japonicus (Theobald), Anopheles punctipennis (Say), Culex pipiens Linnaeus, Ochlerotatus hendersoni (Cockerell), Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Say) and Orthopodomyia signifera (Coquillett). Adult female and male specimens were collected from Biogents sentinel traps (Biogents AG, Regensburg, Germany), as well as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention miniature light traps (CDC, Atlanta, GA, U.S.A.), and also as they alighted on the investigators. Peak adult collections occurred in September during epidemiological week 37. We also collected Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti (Linnaeus), a new record for Canada, in 2016 and from two new collection sites in 2017. The 2017 collections were 3.5 km north and 19.4 km south of the index site. The present study adds to the increasing number of studies reporting range expansions of these mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- B V Giordano
- Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Entomogen Inc., St Catharines, Canada
| | | | - P Liang
- Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
| | - M P Nelder
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - C Russell
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases Unit, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Canada
| | - F F Hunter
- Centre for Vector-Borne Diseases, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
- Entomogen Inc., St Catharines, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, St Catharines, Canada
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22
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Kumar H, Habibi Gharakheili H, Russell C, Sivaraman V. Enhancing Security Management at Software-Defined Exchange Points. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2019.2944368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Baniulyte G, O’Neill T, McAllister P, MacIver R, Devlin M, Drake D, Russell C, Crawford A, McLean A, MacDonald C. 5 Year Prospective Fistula Audit in A Single Centre. TIG Training Negates Consultant Learning Curve But Surgeons Should Beware The Mid Range Palatal Defect. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Ul Huque MTI, Jourjon G, Russell C, Gramoli V. Software Defined Network’s Garbage Collection With Clean-Up Packets. IEEE Trans Netw Serv Manage 2019. [DOI: 10.1109/tnsm.2019.2944523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Koopsen J, Russell C, van der Valk M, Schinkel J. A21 Retrospectively describing hepatitis C virus transmission dynamics and tracking HCV transmission networks in real-time for strategic elimination interventions. Virus Evol 2019. [PMCID: PMC6735699 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vez002.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite impressive uptake of direct acting antivirals for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the Netherlands among HIV/HCV co-infected men who have sex with men (MSM), HCV transmission continues, especially among patients previously successfully treated for HCV. The incidence of reinfection occurs at the extremely high rate of 15 per 100 person-years. Clearly, more sophisticated methods are necessary to identify the sources and timing of new HCV infections among MSM. The aim of this research is to phylogenetically characterize HCV transmission dynamics within MSM-specific networks in order to provide a solid base for targeted interventions to monitor, control, and eventually stop the ongoing transmission of HCV among HIV-infected MSM and to prevent further spread of HCV to the community at large. The methodology that will be used is two-fold. Firstly, it concerns setting up a real-time monitoring system to track the HCV epidemic using phylogenetic tools and open-source software from http://nextstrain.org. Secondly, several phylogenetic methods will be used to retrospectively identify transmission clusters in Amsterdam and define epidemiological characteristics, including the directionality of transmission and the size and introduction dates of the clusters. This means that cluster cut-off points will have to be calculated. This research will result in a web-based molecular surveillance tool to monitor the persistence of endemic clades, emergence of new clades, and transmission clusters in ‘real time’, which, combined with clinical and epidemiological data, will be used for targeted interventions. The surveillance tool will be based on the open-source software from nextstrain.org. Secondly, by retrospectively describing the HCV transmission clusters in terms of introduction dates and subsequent dynamics, we may be able to better predict the future dynamics of the different clusters. High-resolution viral sequencing will allow us to identify the source and timing of (new) HCV infections and follow the trajectory of these MSM-specific lineages through the MSM population. Real-time insight in transmission networks using a web-based molecular surveillance tool will identify key targets for rapid interventions, awareness campaigns, and testing strategies. This can be used to prevent further spread to HIV-negative MSM and to control and eventually eliminate HCV from the MSM population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Koopsen
- Lab of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Russell
- Lab of Applied Evolutionary Biology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M van der Valk
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Schinkel
- Lab of Clinical Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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26
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Hammond K, Lewis H, Faruqui N, Russell C, Hoogenboom BW, Ryadnov MG. Helminth Defense Molecules as Design Templates for Membrane Active Antibiotics. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1471-1479. [PMID: 31117348 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A design template for membrane active antibiotics against microbial and tumor cells is described. The template is an amino acid sequence that combines the properties of helminth defense molecules, which are not cytolytic, with the properties of host-defense peptides, which disrupt microbial membranes. Like helminth defense molecules, the template folds into an amphipathic helix in both mammalian host and microbial phospholipid membranes. Unlike these molecules, the template exhibits antimicrobial and anticancer properties that are comparable to those of antimicrobial and anticancer antibiotics. The selective antibiotic activity of the template builds upon a functional synergy between three distinctive faces of the helix, which is in contrast to two faces of membrane-disrupting amphipathic structures. This synergy enables the template to adapt pore formation mechanisms according to the nature of the target membrane, inducing the lysis of microbial and tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Hammond
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Lewis
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Nilofar Faruqui
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Craig Russell
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
| | - Bart W. Hoogenboom
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
- London Centre for Nanotechnology, University College London, Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AH, United Kingdom
| | - Maxim G. Ryadnov
- National Physical Laboratory, Hampton Road, Teddington TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand Lane, London WC2R, United Kingdom
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27
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McAllister P, O'Neill T, Fair J, Russell C, Devlin M. Unilateral soft palate palsy secondary to blunt neck trauma: a case report. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019; 57:694-696. [PMID: 31239228 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Unilateral soft palate paralysis is rare. No cases of unilateral soft palate paralysis with associated velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) secondary to minor blunt neck trauma have been reported to date. This case details the presentation of a man with isolated unilateral soft palate paralysis and associated velopharyngeal insufficiency following a collision with an opponent when playing soccer.
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Affiliation(s)
- P McAllister
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK.
| | - T O'Neill
- Department of Cleft Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - J Fair
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Aberdeen Children's Hospital, UK
| | - C Russell
- Department of Cleft Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Devlin
- Department of Cleft Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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28
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Marcinkevics R, O'Neill J, Law H, Pervolaraki E, Hogarth A, Russell C, Stegemann B, Holden AV, Tayebjee MH. Multichannel electrocardiogram diagnostics for the diagnosis of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. Europace 2019; 20:f13-f19. [PMID: 29016773 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The identification of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) from 12-channel standard electrocardiogram (ECG) is challenging. High density ECG data may identify lead locations and criteria with a higher sensitivity. Methods and results Eighty-channel ECG recording from patients diagnosed with ARVD and controls were quantified by magnitude and integral measures of QRS and T waves and by a measure (the average silhouette width) of differences in the shapes of the normalized ECG cycles. The channels with the best separability between ARVD patients and controls were near the right ventricular wall, at the third intercostal space. These channels showed pronounced differences in P waves compared to controls as well as the expected differences in QRS and T waves. Conclusion Multichannel recordings, as in body surface mapping, add little to the reliability of diagnosing ARVD from ECGs. However, repositioning ECG electrodes to a high anterior position can improve the identification of ECG variations in ARVD. Additionally, increased P wave amplitude appears to be associated with ARVD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James O'Neill
- West Yorkshire Arrhythmia Service, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1?3EX, UK
| | - Hannah Law
- West Yorkshire Arrhythmia Service, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1?3EX, UK
| | | | - Andrew Hogarth
- West Yorkshire Arrhythmia Service, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1?3EX, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- West Yorkshire Arrhythmia Service, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1?3EX, UK
| | | | - Arun V Holden
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2?9JT, UK
| | - Muzahir H Tayebjee
- West Yorkshire Arrhythmia Service, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds LS1?3EX, UK
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29
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Poorvu PD, Gelber SI, Rosenberg SM, Ruddy KJ, Tamimi RM, Collins LC, Peppercorn J, Schapira L, Borges VF, Come SE, Warner E, Jakubowski DM, Russell C, Winer EP, Partridge AH. Abstract P2-08-07: Prognostic impact of the 21-gene recurrence score assay among young women with node-negative and node-positive ER+/HER2- breast cancer. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p2-08-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The 21-gene Recurrence Score (RS) assay is prognostic among women with early-stage estrogen receptor (ER) positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer (BC) and is used to select patients for chemotherapy (CT). Young women (age <40) have represented a minority in studies evaluating gene expression assays, including TAILORx, and additional data in young women are needed.
Methods: In the Young Women's Breast Cancer Study, a prospective cohort study of women diagnosed with BC at age <40 enrolling between 2006-2016 (N=1302), we identified those with stage I-III ER+/HER2- BC. Disease and treatment information were obtained through serial surveys and medical record review. The RS was performed on banked specimens for those not tested clinically. Distant recurrence free interval (DRFI), defined as distant recurrence or BC specific death, by risk group was assessed using Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Outcomes by receipt of CT were explored in the RS 11-25 group, and due to small number of events, reported descriptively.
Results: Among eligible women (N=577), 189 (33%) had undergone RS testing and 320 (56%) had banked specimens sufficient for testing. Median follow-up was 6 years. Median age at diagnosis was 37, most had N0 BC (300/509, 59%), and the majority had RS 11-25 (306/509, 60%). RS result was significantly associated with DRFI in N0 BC, with hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) of 0.29 (0.07,1.30) and 0.21 (0.09,0.50) for RS<11 and RS 11-25, respectively, relative to RS>26 (and trended towards significance in N1 BC). Results were similar using conventional RS groups. Among women with N0 BC and RS 11-25, 44% received CT, with two events in the 86 receiving CT (2.3%) and 6 events in the 109 without CT (5.5%); 5/8 (63%) occurred in those with RS 20-25.
Table 1 N0N1Total Cohort N%N%N% 3005916332509100Median Age37.137.537.2Tumor Stage T120869694229358T28227784817635T3103159357T4001151Grade I4716855711II16555794926652III8829754618536Not assessed 1 1 PR status by IHC Negative (<1%)2071710398Positive (>=1%)280931469047092Chemotherapy No1414712715430Yes159531519335570Ovarian Suppression No263881499145289Yes37121495711TAILORx RS Groups RS <1133111495411RS 11-2519565885430660RS >=267224613714929Conventional RS Groups RS <1812742543319939RS 18-3012542694221142RS >=31481640259919
Table 2 6-year freedom from distant recurrence or breast cancer deathDRFI HR (95% CI) N0N1N0N1TAILORx RS Groups RS <1194.4%92.3%0.29 (0.07,1.30)0.21 (0.03,1.61)RS 11-2596.9%85.2%0.21 (0.09, 0.50)0.55 (0.27,1.12)RS >=2685.1%71.3%RefRefConventional RS Groups RS <1897.5%85.9%0.19 (0.06,0.59)0.31 (0.13,0.74)RS 18-3093.1%87.3%0.39 (0.16,1.00)0.32 (0.14,0.73)RS >=3186.4%62.8%RefRef
Conclusions: The RS is prognostic among young women with node-negative and node-positive BC, and is a valuable tool for risk stratification. Disease outcomes among young women with N0 disease and RS 11-25, a minority of whom received CT, are very good. Evaluation of the effect of ovarian suppression/CT-induced amenorrhea by RS/treatment strata is ongoing.
Citation Format: Poorvu PD, Gelber SI, Rosenberg SM, Ruddy KJ, Tamimi RM, Collins LC, Peppercorn J, Schapira L, Borges VF, Come SE, Warner E, Jakubowski DM, Russell C, Winer EP, Partridge AH. Prognostic impact of the 21-gene recurrence score assay among young women with node-negative and node-positive ER+/HER2- breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-08-07.
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Affiliation(s)
- PD Poorvu
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - SI Gelber
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - SM Rosenberg
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - KJ Ruddy
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - RM Tamimi
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - LC Collins
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - J Peppercorn
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - L Schapira
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - VF Borges
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - SE Come
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - E Warner
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - DM Jakubowski
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - C Russell
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - EP Winer
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
| | - AH Partridge
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA; Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA; University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada; Genomic Health Inc., Redwood City, CA
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Siddiqui A, Devlin M, Russell C, Campbell L. The burden of Non Cleft Velopharyngeal Incompetence (VPI) in cleft service: a Scottish perspective. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2018.10.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hahn B, Youssef E, Hassan S, Gao T, Russell C, Ardolic B. 337 Characteristics of Prior Emergency Departments Visits Associated With Subsequent Opioid Overdose. Ann Emerg Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2018.08.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Seekings AH, Slomka MJ, Russell C, Howard WA, Choudhury B, Nuñéz A, Löndt BZ, Cox W, Ceeraz V, Thorén P, Irvine RM, Manvell RJ, Banks J, Brown IH. Direct evidence of H7N7 avian influenza virus mutation from low to high virulence on a single poultry premises during an outbreak in free range chickens in the UK, 2008. Infect Genet Evol 2018; 64:13-31. [PMID: 29883773 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
H5 and H7 subtypes of low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (LPAIVs) have the potential to evolve into highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), causing high mortality in galliforme poultry with substantial economic losses for the poultry industry. This study provides direct evidence of H7N7 LPAIV mutation to HPAIV on a single poultry premises during an outbreak that occurred in June 2008 in free range laying hens in Oxfordshire, UK. We report the first detection of a rare di-basic cleavage site (CS) motif (PEIPKKRGLF), unique to galliformes, that has previously been associated with a LPAIV phenotype. Three distinct HPAIV CS sequences (PEIPKRKKRGLF, PEIPKKKKRGLF and PEIPKKKKKKRGLF) were identified in the infected sheds suggesting molecular evolution at the outbreak premises. Further evidence for H7N7 LPAIV preceding mutation to HPAIV was derived by examining clinical signs, epidemiological descriptions and analysing laboratory results on the timing and proportions of seroconversion and virus shedding at each infected shed on the premises. In addition to describing how the outbreak was diagnosed and managed via statutory laboratory testing, phylogenetic analysis revealed reassortant events during 2006-2008 that suggested likely incursion of a wild bird origin LPAIV precursor to the H7N7 HPAIV outbreak. Identifying a precursor LPAIV is important for understanding the molecular changes and mechanisms involved in the emergence of HPAIV. This information can lead to understanding how and why only some H7 LPAIVs appear to readily mutate to HPAIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Seekings
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom.
| | - M J Slomka
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - C Russell
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - W A Howard
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - B Choudhury
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - A Nuñéz
- Pathology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - B Z Löndt
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - W Cox
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - V Ceeraz
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - P Thorén
- Swedish Agricultural University (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R M Irvine
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - R J Manvell
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - J Banks
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
| | - I H Brown
- Virology Department, Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA-Weybridge), Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom
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Chen LJ, Wang S, Wilson LB, Schwartz S, Bessho N, Moore T, Gershman D, Giles B, Malaspina D, Wilder FD, Ergun RE, Hesse M, Lai H, Russell C, Strangeway R, Torbert RB, F-Vinas A, Burch J, Lee S, Pollock C, Dorelli J, Paterson W, Ahmadi N, Goodrich K, Lavraud B, Le Contel O, Khotyaintsev YV, Lindqvist PA, Boardsen S, Wei H, Le A, Avanov L. Electron Bulk Acceleration and Thermalization at Earth's Quasiperpendicular Bow Shock. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:225101. [PMID: 29906189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.225101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron heating at Earth's quasiperpendicular bow shock has been surmised to be due to the combined effects of a quasistatic electric potential and scattering through wave-particle interaction. Here we report the observation of electron distribution functions indicating a new electron heating process occurring at the leading edge of the shock front. Incident solar wind electrons are accelerated parallel to the magnetic field toward downstream, reaching an electron-ion relative drift speed exceeding the electron thermal speed. The bulk acceleration is associated with an electric field pulse embedded in a whistler-mode wave. The high electron-ion relative drift is relaxed primarily through a nonlinear current-driven instability. The relaxed distributions contain a beam traveling toward the shock as a remnant of the accelerated electrons. Similar distribution functions prevail throughout the shock transition layer, suggesting that the observed acceleration and thermalization is essential to the cross-shock electron heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - S Wang
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - L B Wilson
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Schwartz
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - N Bessho
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - T Moore
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - D Gershman
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B Giles
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - D Malaspina
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - F D Wilder
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - R E Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - M Hesse
- University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - H Lai
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R Strangeway
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R B Torbert
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - A F-Vinas
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - S Lee
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - C Pollock
- Denali Scientific, Healy, Alaska 99743, USA
| | - J Dorelli
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - W Paterson
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - N Ahmadi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - K Goodrich
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, Toulouse, 31028 Cedex 4, France
| | - O Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (UMR7648), CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, F91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | | | - P-A Lindqvist
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-11428, Sweden
| | - S Boardsen
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - H Wei
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Avanov
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
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Russell C, Mack H, Paul S, Senthi S. OC-0190: Surface guided radiation therapy for breast cancer improves accuracy without the need for skin marks. Radiother Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(18)30500-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Russell C, Pedoia V, Souza R, Majumdar S. Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of the impact of posterior meniscus horn lesions on adjacent cartilage composition, patient-reported outcomes and gait biomechanics in subjects without radiographic osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:708-717. [PMID: 27838383 PMCID: PMC7263373 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of meniscal lesions on adjacent cartilage T1ρ and T2 relaxation times, patient-reported outcomes and gait biomechanics. DESIGN Thirty patients with no cartilage morphological defects reported by Whole Organ MRI Score (WORMS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) grading and no radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) (Kellgren--Lawrence (KL) ≤ 1) were selected, 15 with posterior meniscus horn lesions and 15 matched controls without meniscal lesions. All were imaged on a 3T MR scanner for three consecutive years, except those who dropped from the study. Sagittal and frontal plane kinematic gait data were acquired at baseline. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) survey was taken each time. All images were automatically segmented and registered to an atlas for voxel-by-voxel cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. RESULTS Relaxation time comparisons between groups showed elevated T1ρ of the lateral tibia (LP) and elevated T2 of the medial tibia (MT) and LT at 1 and 2 years in the lesion group. Longitudinal comparisons within each group revealed greater relaxation time elevations over one and 2 years in the group with lesions. KOOS Quality of Life (QOL) was significantly different between the groups at all time points (P < 0.05), as were other KOOS subcategories. No significant differences in the frontal or sagittal biomechanics were observed between the groups at baseline. CONCLUSIONS Individuals with healthy cartilage and posterior meniscal horn lesions have increased relaxation times when compared to matched controls, increased relaxation time changes over 2 years, and consistently report a lower KOOS QOL, yet show no difference in gait biomechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Russell
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - V. Pedoia
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R.B. Souza
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Department of Physical Therapy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - S. Majumdar
- Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: S. Majumdar, Musculoskeletal Quantitative Imaging Research, Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, Suite 203, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA. Fax: 1-(415)-353-9423. (C. Russell)
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Vuity D, Biddlestone J, Paterson P, Russell C, Devlin M, Gillgrass T. The Glasgow Anterior Stabilisation (GAS) appliance: A novel orthodontic appliance for pre-maxillary stabilisation in bilateral cleft lip and palate. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2017; 70:540-542. [PMID: 28153431 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2017.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Drazsen Vuity
- Department for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - John Biddlestone
- Department for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Paul Paterson
- Department for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Craig Russell
- Department for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Mark Devlin
- Department for Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Rd, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK
| | - Toby Gillgrass
- Cleft Orthodontic Service, Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, 378 Sauchiehall St, Glasgow G2 3JZ, UK.
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Peck M, Breen A, Jones N, Orme R, Russell C. Focused intensive care echocardiography: 1000 participating, 300 accredited and counting. J Intensive Care Soc 2017; 18:74-75. [PMID: 28979544 DOI: 10.1177/1751143716662056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mje Peck
- Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK
| | - A Breen
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - N Jones
- Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rmle Orme
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK
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Chapoton B, Russell C, Régnier-Denois V. Médias, adolescents et alcool : quelle(s) représentation(s) ? Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2016.06.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Krishnan AR, Wong G, Chapman JR, Coates PT, Russ GR, Pleass H, Russell C, He B, Lim WH. Prolonged Ischemic Time, Delayed Graft Function, and Graft and Patient Outcomes in Live Donor Kidney Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant 2016; 16:2714-23. [PMID: 27037866 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The association between prolonged cold ischemic time (CIT) and graft and patient outcomes in live donor kidney transplant recipients remains unclear. The aims of this study were to examine the association of CIT with delayed graft function and graft loss in live donor kidney transplant recipients and those who participated in the Australian Paired Kidney Exchange program using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) registry. Of 3717 live donor transplant recipients between 1997 and 2012 who were followed for a median of 6.6 years (25 977 person-years), 224 (25%) experienced CIT >4-8 h. Donor age was an effect modifier between CIT and graft outcomes. In recipients who received kidneys from older donors aged >50 years, every hour of increase in CIT was associated with adjusted odds of 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.07-1.53, p = 0.007) for delayed graft function, whereas CIT >4-8 h was associated with adjusted hazards of 1.93 (95% CI 1.21-3.09, p = 0.006) and 1.91 (95% CI 1.05-3.49, p = 0.035) for overall and death-censored graft loss, respectively, compared with CIT of 1-2 h. Attempts to reduce CIT in live donor kidney transplants involving older donor kidneys may lead to improvement of graft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Krishnan
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - G Wong
- Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, South Australia, Australia.,Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Kidney Research, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J R Chapman
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - P T Coates
- Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, South Australia, Australia
| | - G R Russ
- Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, South Australia, Australia.,Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, South Australia, Australia
| | - H Pleass
- Centre for Transplant and Renal Research, Westmead Hospital, New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Russell
- Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Services, South Australia, Australia
| | - B He
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - W H Lim
- Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Western Australia, Australia.,Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, South Australia, Australia
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Adams J, Lowe W, Armstrong R, Russell C, Lueddeke J, Protheroe J, McCaffery K, Nutbeam D, Ballinger C. AB1118-HPR Health Professionals' (HPS) Perspectives When Working with People with Rheumatological & Musculoskeletal Disorders (RMDS) and Lower Levels of Health Literacy: A Qualitative Focus Group Study. Ann Rheum Dis 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-eular.3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Olgiati E, Russell C, Soto D, Malhotra P. Motivation and attention following hemispheric stroke. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2016; 229:343-366. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2016.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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Russell C, Cruz Y, Bollard C. Adoptive Immunotherapy for Leukemia with Ex Vivo Expanded T Cells. Curr Drug Targets 2015. [DOI: 10.2174/1389450117666151209120655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Lamanna J, Trapp S, Russell C, Stern M. Preparing for the future: An examination of healthcare provider and patient communication regarding childhood cancer survivorship. Child Care Health Dev 2015; 41:1047-56. [PMID: 25338746 DOI: 10.1111/cch.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This qualitative, exploratory study examines the content of communication between healthcare providers (HCP) and childhood cancer patients (CCP) during a medical appointment to evaluate the extent to which cancer survivorship issues (medical and psychosocial) are discussed. METHODS The content of the communication for 16 CCP ages 10-22 and their HCP were examined via audio recorded medical appointments occurring within 6 months of the end of active cancer treatment. The data were analysed using template analysis, a constructivist-interpretivist qualitative approach. RESULTS HCP addressed more medically focused than psychosocially focused issues related to survivorship. CONCLUSIONS Most discussions of survivorship are medically focused, potentially leaving patients with little information about future psychosocial functioning. Recommendations for future research on enhancing discussions about psychosocial issues are presented. This research has the potential to inform future interventions to enhance patient-provider communication on survivorship issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lamanna
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - S Trapp
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - C Russell
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - M Stern
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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Ogden NH, Koffi JK, Lindsay LR, Fleming S, Mombourquette DC, Sanford C, Badcock J, Gad RR, Jain-Sheehan N, Moore S, Russell C, Hobbs L, Baydack R, Graham-Derham S, Lachance L, Simmonds K, Scott AN. Surveillance for Lyme disease in Canada, 2009 to 2012. Can Commun Dis Rep 2015; 41:132-145. [PMID: 29769945 PMCID: PMC5933887 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v41i06a03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarize the first four years of national surveillance for Lyme disease in Canada from 2009 to 2012 and to conduct a preliminary comparison of presenting clinical manifestations in Canada and the United States. METHODS The numbers and incidence of reported cases by province, month, year, age and sex were calculated. Logistic regression was used to examine trends over time. Acquisition locations were mapped and presenting clinical manifestations reported for jurisdictions where data was available. Variations by province, year, age and sex as well as presenting clinical symptoms were explored by logistic regression. An initial comparative analysis was made of presenting symptoms in Canada and the United States. RESULTS The numbers of reported cases rose significantly from 144 in 2009 to 338 in 2012 (coefficient = 0.34, standard error = 0.07, P <0.05), mostly due to an increased incidence of infections acquired in Canada. More cases were classified as 'confirmed' (71.5%) than 'probable' (28.5%). Most cases occurred in locations where vector tick populations were known to be present. More men than women were affected (53.4% versus 46.6%), incidence was highest in adults aged 55 to 74 years and in children aged five to 14 years. Most cases (95%) were acquired from April to November. Of cases acquired in endemic areas, 39.7% presented with manifestations of early Lyme disease, while 60.3% had manifestations of disseminated Lyme disease. There were significant differences among age groups, sexes and provinces in the frequencies of reported clinical manifestations. The proportion of cases acquired in endemic areas presenting with early Lyme disease was lower than that reported in the US. CONCLUSION Lyme disease incidence is increasing in Canada. Most cases are acquired where vector tick populations are spreading and this varies geographically within and among provinces. There is also variation in the frequency of age, season and presenting manifestations. The lower proportion of cases presenting with early Lyme disease in Canada compared with the US suggests lower awareness of early Lyme disease in Canada, but this requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- NH Ogden
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - JK Koffi
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON
| | - LR Lindsay
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB
| | - S Fleming
- Public Health Branch, Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness, Halifax, NS
| | - DC Mombourquette
- Public Health Branch, Nova Scotia Department of Health and Wellness, Halifax, NS
| | - C Sanford
- Population Health Assessment and Surveillance, Prince Edward Island Department of Health and Wellness, Charlottetown, PE
| | - J Badcock
- Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, New Brunswick Department of Health, NB
| | - RR Gad
- Office of the Chief Medical Officer of Health, New Brunswick Department of Health, NB
| | - N Jain-Sheehan
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - S Moore
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - C Russell
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - L Hobbs
- Enteric, Zoonotic and Vector-Borne Diseases, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, ON
| | - R Baydack
- Communicable Disease Control Branch, Manitoba Health Healthy Living and Seniors, Winnipeg, MB
| | - S Graham-Derham
- Communicable Disease Control Branch, Manitoba Health Healthy Living and Seniors, Winnipeg, MB
| | - L Lachance
- Surveillance and Assessment Branch, Alberta Health, Calgary, AB
| | - K Simmonds
- Surveillance and Assessment Branch, Alberta Health, Calgary, AB
| | - AN Scott
- Surveillance and Assessment Branch, Alberta Health, Calgary, AB
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Russell C, Begum S, Hussain Y, Hussain M, Huen D, Rahman AS, Perrie Y, Mohammed AR. Paediatric drug development of ramipril: reformulation,in vitroandin vivoevaluation. J Drug Target 2015; 23:854-63. [DOI: 10.3109/1061186x.2015.1036275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Scalso de Almeida S, Berben L, Baumgartner E, Denhaerynck K, Dobbels F, Russell C, De Geest S. Variability in Health Care Workers’ Practice Patterns and Heart Transplant Patients’ Medication Adherence Across 11 Countries -The BRIGHT Study. J Heart Lung Transplant 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2015.01.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Teh H, Phillips S, Russell C, Wilding M, Ghafoor Q. 104: An assessment of patient and doctor views of performance status in outpatient lung cancer patients. Lung Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(15)50099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Gardner A, Ray A, Russell C, Crampin L, Campbell L, Wynne D, Devlin M. A novel non invasive assessment of velopharyngeal insufficency in children with treated cleft palate. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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