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Shi QL, Xu Y, Wang J, Jin YY, Zhang R, Li JY, Chen LJ. [The therapeutic effect and prognostic value of oligoclonal bands after autologous stem cell transplant in patients with multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:514-520. [PMID: 38317363 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230927-00580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and prognostic value of oligoclonal bands (OB) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients after autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Methods: The data of 156 patients with MM who underwent ASCT after inductive treatment in the Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from December 2013 to February 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 91 males and 65 females. The median age was 56 (26, 71) years. Patients were divided into two groups according to OB formation after ASCT treatment, including OB group (n=60) and non-OB group (n=96). The last follow-up date was August 31, 2023, and the follow-up period was 42 (18, 117) months. The clinical baseline characteristics and efficacy of the two groups were compared. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox risk regression modal was used to analyze the risk factors associated with prognosis. Results: There were no significant differences in age, type, stage, risk stratification, extramedullary disease (EMD), proportion of circulating plasma cells and induction therapy regimen between OB and non-OB groups (all P>0.05). The proportion of patients in OB group who achieved complete response (CR) or above after ASCT treatment was 93.3% (56/60), which was higher than that in non-OB group (80.2%, 77/96) (P=0.024). The negative rate of minimal residual disease (MRD) in OB group was 66.7% (40/60), which was higher than that in non-OB group (34.4%, 33/96) (P=0.001). The median PFS and OS in the OB group were not reached, and the median PFS and OS in the non-OB group were 28 (2, 80) months and 86 (2, 100) months, respectively. The PFS (P<0.001) and OS (P=0.017) of patients with OB were considerably longer. In the Cox multivariate analysis, OB was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in MM patients (HR=0.314, 95%CI: 0.153-0.644, P=0.002). Subgroup analysis showed that among high-risk patients with mSMART, the OS of patients in OB group was not reached, which was significantly better than that of non-OB group [71 (2, 90) months, P=0.046]. However, no significant difference was observed in the OS of patients with OB and those with non-OB in standard risk group (not reached vs not reached, P=0.103). In those with EMD at diagnosis, patients with OB had significantly better OS than those with non-OB [not reached vs 47 (6, 74) months, P=0.037]. However, no significant difference was observed in the OS of patients with OB and those with non-OB in those without EMD at diagnosis [not reached vs 86 (2, 100) months, P=0.130]. Conclusions: OB formation after ASCT treatment in MM patients is related to the efficacy and prognosis. OB formation can increase the negative MRD rate, prolong the OS and improve the prognosis, especially for newly diagnosed patients with extramedullary disease or patients with high-risk genetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Shi
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Y Xu
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210019, China
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Shen XX, Yao Y, Xia Y, Jin YY, Zhang R, Li JY, Chen LJ. [The characteristics and impact on prognosis of cytopenia after anti-BCMA-CAR-T therapy in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:507-513. [PMID: 38317362 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230926-00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the characteristics of cytopenia and its impact on prognosis in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) immunotherapy therapy. Methods: Clinical data of 36 RRMM patients received BCMA CAR-T therapy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from April 2017 to March 2023 were retrospectively collected. Among them, there were 17 males and 19 females, with an age [M (Q1, Q3)] of 62 (53, 67) years. The follow-up deadline was August 31, 2023, and the follow-up time [M (Q1, Q3)] was 33 (10, 30) months. The characteristics of cytopenia at different time points before lymphodepleting chemotherapy and after CAR-T cell infusion in all patients were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with different clinical characteristics. Single-cell sequencing analysis was used to analyze the changes in hematopoietic stem cells in three patients after CAR-T cell therapy. Results: The incidence of cytopenia after BCMA CAR-T cell therapy in 36 RRMM patients reached 100%. The incidence of neutropenia peaked on the 7th and 28th day after cell infusion with a biphasic pattern of change.Patients with all grade neutropenia reached 61.1% (22/36) and grade 3 or higher reached 33.3% (12/36) on the 7th day, while patients with all grade neutropenia reached 67.9% (19/28) and grade 3 or higher reached 28.6% (8/28) on the 28th day (P<0.001),respectively. The occurrence rate of lymphopenia reached a peak on the day of CAR-T cell infusion [97.2% (35/36) patients showed lymphopenia, while 80.6% (29/36) patients showed grade 3 or higher lymphopenia] (P<0.001).The incidence of all grade of thrombocytopenia and severe thrombocytopenia (grade 3 or higher) peaked on the 14th day after cell infusion, with the rates of 69.4% (25/36) and 30.6% (11/36) respectively, which had a prolonged duration(P<0.001). Even after 12 months, 40% (8/20) of patients still experienced thrombocytopenia.The incidence of anemia peaked on the 7th and 14th day after cell infusion, with a rate of 100% (36/36) (P<0.001). 50% (10/20) of patients still had anemia even 12 months after cell infusion. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with thrombocytopenia < grade 3 had undefined OS, while patients with thrombocytopenia ≥grade 3 had shorter OS [17 (95%CI: 2-32) months, χ2=4.154, P=0.042], indicating a poorer prognosis. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the relationship between other cytopenia and survival (all P>0.05). Single-cell sequencing analysis of bone marrow cells revealed decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest of hematopoietic stem cells after CAR-T cell infusion. Conclusions: All patients experienced varying degrees of cytopenia after receiving BCMA CAR-T cell infusion, and patients with thrombocytopenia ≥grade 3 had shorter OS and poorer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X X Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Yao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou School of Clinical Medicine, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Shen N, Zhang J, Xia Y, Shen XX, Wang J, Jin YY, Zhang R, Li JY, Chen LJ. [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with FGFR3 gene mutations]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:989-994. [PMID: 38503521 PMCID: PMC10834875 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of FGFR3 gene mutations on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) . Methods: A total of 198 patients with NDMM admitted to the Department of Hematology in Jiangsu Province Hospital between January 2016 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Next-generation sequencing and cytoplasmic light chain immunofluorescence with fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed for all patients. The prognostic significance of FGFR3 mutation and clinical features were analyzed using the Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Among 198 patients, 28 carried the FGFR3 gene mutation. These patients had significantly lower serum albumin levels, higher β(2)-microglobulin levels, advanced Revised International Staging System stages, more frequent occurrence of t (4;14) , and shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) time (28 months vs 33 months, P=0.024) and overall survival (OS) time (54 months vs undefined, P=0.028) than patients without FGFR3 mutation. Additionally, patients carrying either FGFR3 mutation or t (4;14) had lower PFS (30 months vs 38 months, P=0.012) and OS (54 months vs undefined, P=0.017) than those without. The Cox proportional hazards model identified FGFR3 mutation as an independent risk factor for PFS and OS. Conclusion: FGFR3 gene mutation was an unfavorable independent prognostic predictor for NDMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X X Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Xu Y, Shen XX, Jin YY, Li JY, Chen LJ, Zhang R. [Validation of the prognostic value of the Mayo MASS and R2-ISS staging systems in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma: A single-center study]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:749-754. [PMID: 38049319 PMCID: PMC10630572 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prognostic value of Mayo MASS and R2-ISS staging systems in patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) . Methods: A total of 371 patients newly diagnosed with MM in Jiangsu Province Hospital were included in the study. Cytoplasmic light chain immunofluorescence with fluorescence in situ hybridization (cIg-FISH) was performed to detect cytogenetic abnormality. Clinical characteristics were combined to analyze the disease stage and evaluate the prognosis. Results: There were 37 (10.0%), 264 (71.0%), and 70 (18.8%) patients in R-ISS stage Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, respectively. The median progression-free survival (PFS) times were 37, 25, and 14 months (P<0.001). The median overall survival (OS) times were not reached (NR), 66, and 30 months (P<0.001). There were 71 (19.1%), 140 (37.7%), and 160 (43.2%) patients in Mayo MASS stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, and the median PFS times periods were 43, 27, and 19 months (P<0.001), and the median OS times were NR, NR, 35 months, respectively (P<0.001). There were, 23 (6.2%), 69 (18.6%), 222 (59.8%), and 57 (15.4%) patients in R2-ISS stages Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ, respectively. The median PFS times were 47, 31, 25, and 15 months (P=0.001), and the median OS times were NR, NR, 49, and 55 months, respectively (P<0.001) . Conclusion: Based on the R-ISS staging system, Mayo MASS, and R2-ISS prognostic staging system incorporated 1q21+, which allows a better stratification. However, the proportion of stage Ⅲ patients in Mayo MASS and R2-ISS staging systems is relatively high, which is considered related to the high incidence of 1q21+ and ISS Ⅲ in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Xu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X X Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Li F, Liu YP, Zhu H, Hong M, Qian SX, Zhu Y, Shen WY, Chen LJ, He GS, Wu HX, Lu H, Li JY, Miao KR. [Clinical study of induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:230-235. [PMID: 37356985 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To assess the efficacy of induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with normal karyotype. Methods: The clinical data of FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients with normal karyotype in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Jan 2018 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The study included 49 patients with FLT3-ITD(+)AML, 31 males, and 18 females, with a median age of 46 (16-59) years old. All patients received induction chemotherapy, and 24 patients received sequential allo-HSCT (transplantation group) . The median follow-up time was 465 days, the one-year overall survival (OS) from diagnosis was (70.0 ± 7.4) %, and one-year disease-free survival (DFS) was (70.3±7.4) %. The one-year OS was significantly different between the transplantation group and the non-transplantation group [ (85.2 ± 7.9) % vs (52.6 ± 12.3) %, P=0.049]. but one-year DFS [ (84.7 ± 8.1) % vs (55.2 ± 11.9) %, P=0.061] was not. No significance was found in one-year OS between patients with low-frequency and high-frequency FLT3-ITD(+) (P>0.05) . There were 12 patients with high-frequency FLT3-ITD(+) in the transplantation and the non-transplantation groups, respectively. The one-year OS [ (68.8 ± 15.7) % in the transplantation group vs (26.2 ± 15.3) % in the non-transplantation group, P=0.027] and one-year DFS [ (45.5 ± 21.3) % in the transplantation group vs (27.8±15.8) % in the non-transplantation group, P=0.032] were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy followed by allo-HSCT can enhance the prognosis of FLT3-ITD(+) patients, particularly those with FLT3-ITD high-frequency mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y P Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - M Hong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - S X Qian
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W Y Shen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - G S He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H X Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Lu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - K R Miao
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Zhang J, Zhang LN, Xia Y, Jin YY, Shen XX, Chen LJ. [The impact of low T3 syndrome on the prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:216-221. [PMID: 37356983 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between low T3 syndrome (LT3S) and the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. Methods: A retrospective examination of 211 NDMM patients treated at the Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital from July 2009 to December 2020 was performed, and all patients received thyroid function testing to determine if they had LT3S. We investigated the relationship between LT3S and clinical features, as well as its impact on MM prognosis. Results: Of the 211 patients, 119 were males, and 92 were females, with a median age of 60 (33-86) years. Patients with LT3S had significantly higher levels of β(2)-microglobulin, C-reactive protein, and blood creatinine compared to those with normal T3 levels. They also had lower levels of hemoglobin, platelets, and serum albumin, as well as more advanced ISS stages (P<0.001) . Patients with LT3S had shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (16 months vs 30 months, P=0.003) and overall survival (OS) (57 months vs 75 months, P=0.004) than patients without LT3S. LT3S was found to be a standalone unfavorable factor in multivariate analysis, LT3S was an independent unfavorable factor in predicting both PFS (HR=2.114, 95% CI 1.271-3.516, P=0.004) and OS (HR=2.231, 95% CI 1.088-4.577, P=0.029) . Conclusions: Low T3 syndrome was an independent unfavorable prognostic predictor for NDMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L N Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X X Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Chen LJ, Zhang S, Yao LL, Weng HY. [Pulmonary epithelioid trophoblastic tumor with unclear primary locus: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:1278-1280. [PMID: 36480844 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20220921-00796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Clinical Pathology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 230030, China
| | - S Zhang
- Graduate School of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 230030, China
| | - L L Yao
- Clinical Pathology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
| | - H Y Weng
- Clinical Pathology Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC(Anhui Provincial Hospital), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230036, China
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Li J, Zhang R, Chen LJ, Qu XY, Lu H, Li JY, Jin YY. [Comparison of etoposide combined with G-CSF and cyclophosphamide combined with G-CSF in mobilization of autologous peripheral hematopoietic stem cells in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2022; 43:781-784. [PMID: 36709174 PMCID: PMC9613493 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X Y Qu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Lu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Chen XD, Chen LJ, Huang B, Liu HS, Zhou Q. [Mucin-production of follicular carcinoma of thyroid: report of a case]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2022; 51:773-775. [PMID: 35922174 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20211217-00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X D Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - B Huang
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - H S Liu
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311200, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Department of Pathology, the First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou 311200, China
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Lan QY, Cao ZH, Qi RF, Luo YF, Zhang JY, Ge HH, Dai P, Liu F, Chen LJ, Li GM, Lu G. [A study on longitudinal changes in white matter microstructure of parents who have lost their only child based on diffusion tensor imaging and its relationship with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022; 102:1760-1765. [PMID: 35705480 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211213-02778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the longitudinal changes of white matter microstructural based on diffusion tensor imaging in parents who lost their only child without psychiatric disorders and its relationship with symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Parents who had who lost their only child and without psychiatric disorders in Jiangsu Province, from September 2016 to March 2017, were retrospectively collected (TENP group, 32). MRI scans were performed at baseline and at the end of 5-year follow-up, and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scales (CAPS) were used for assessing the severity of symptoms. Additionally, sex, age and education level matched healthy subjects were recruited as healthy controls (control group, 27) and underwent MRI scanning using the same protocol. The differences of fractional anisotropy (FA) values between TENP group and control group at baseline were analyzed by using Tract-based spatial statistics method, and the brain areas of lateral differences were used as the regions of interest for longitudinal follow-up analysis of TENP group. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between FA values changes in longitudinal differences in brain regions and CAPS scores. Results: Compared with the control group, FA values of the right cingulate gyrus, Uncinate fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, corticospinal tract, Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, Inferior longitudinal fasciculus and forceps major in TENP group were decreased at baseline ((0.613±0.032) vs (0.631±0.034), (0.539±0.048) vs (0.563±0.045), (0.534±0.033) vs (0.558±0.039), (0.560±0.038) vs (0.580±0.030), (0.519±0.023) vs(0.549±0.024), (0.489±0.038) vs (0.518±0.027), (0.499±0.027) vs (0.533±0.032); all P<0.05). From baseline to follow-up, scores of trauma reexperience symptoms and avoidance/numbness symptoms were decreased ((5.2±2.8) vs (8.1±4.9), (4.0±3.2) vs (6.6±5.4); all P<0.05); FA values of the right corticospinal tract, Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, Inferior longitudinal fasciculus and forceps major were decreased ((0.523±0.049) vs (0.537±0.049), (0.568±0.052) vs (0.590±0.050), (0.540±0.063) vs (0.559±0.059), (0.520±0.059) vs (0.547±0.059); all P<0.05); The decrease of FA values of the right Inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus and right Inferior longitudinal fasciculus was negatively correlated with the decrease of avoidance/numbness symptoms scores (r=-0.458, -0.374, respectively, all P<0.05). Conclusions: The trauma of parents who lost their only child can result in impaired microstructural integrity of white matter. As the post-traumatic time goes by, parents who have lost their only child do not develop to PTSD and other psychiatric disorders, and the clinical symptoms are alleviated, the damage of the white matter microstructure continued to progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Y Lan
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - Z H Cao
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - R F Qi
- Department of Radiological Diagnosis, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine/General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Y F Luo
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - H H Ge
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - P Dai
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - F Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Affifiliated Yixing Hospital of Jiangsu University, Wuxi 214200, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Radiology, Hainan Provincial People's Hospital, Haikou 570311, China
| | - G M Li
- Mental Health Institute, the Second Xiangya Hospital, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Radiological Diagnosis, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine/General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, China
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Chen LJ, Liu LL, Sun LL, Chen NN, Meng MF. [Scoping review on prevention of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection in burn patients]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2021; 37:970-977. [PMID: 34689467 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20201027-00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the research trend and scope of prevention of central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) in burn patients. Methods: The scoping review method was adopted. Pre-retrieval was carried out with search terms of ", , " and "central venous catheter, infection, catheter-related bloodstream infection, burn". On the basis of pre-retrieval, different retrieval formulas were formulated to retrieve researches related to central venous CRBSI in burn patients in China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library from the establishment of each database to August 2020. Data were extracted from the included literature, including the first author, research publication time, research country, research type, diagnosis basis and intervention measures of central venous CRBSI, research sample selection, incidence related to infection, and research conclusion. Results: A total of 20 randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and implementation researches published in 1990-2020 were included in this study with the first authors from China, the United States of America, or Argentina. The diagnostic bases for central venous CRBSI in burn patients were not uniform in the included literature, including adopting the Guidelines of American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Diagnostic Criteria for Nosocomial Infection, and other diagnostic criteria without specifying the source. The intervention measures included the use of new materials such as antibiotics coated catheter and ethanol impregnated port protectors, multidisciplinary cooperation, and comprehensive preventive measures. The sample size in the included literature was small, and the sample selection was different, including the number of patients and the the number of placement of central venous catheter. The outcome indicators for infection in the included literature were diversified. The incidence per 1 000 days of central venous CRBSI was 20.41‰-29.1‰ of patients in control group in China, the incidence per 1 000 days of central venous CRBSI was mostly <16.6‰ in control group in foreign countries, and the incidence of central venous CRBSI was decreased to varying degrees after implementing the corresponding intervention measures. Related research conclusions showed that new materials, multidisciplinary cooperation, and comprehensive preventive measures had good effects on prevention of central venous CRBSI in burn patients. Conclusions: The researches on prevention of central venous CRBSI in burn patients in China start early and the research types are diversified. The diagnostic criteria of central venous CRBSI in burn patients are not uniform, intervention measures have shifted from standardizing relevant operational measures to exploring the prevention effects of new materials, multidisciplinary cooperation, and multiple measures, and the latter has good effects on preventing central venous CRBSI in burn patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - L L Liu
- Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - L L Sun
- Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - N N Chen
- Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
| | - M F Meng
- Department of Burns, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China
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Liu YB, Xu BC, Chen YT, Yuan X, Liu JY, Liu T, Du GZ, Jiang W, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Chen LJ, Ding BS, Wei YQ, Yang L. Directed evolution of AAV accounting for long-term and enhanced transduction of cardiovascular endothelial cells in vivo. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 22:148-161. [PMID: 34485601 PMCID: PMC8397840 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac endothelial cells (ECs) are important targets for cardiovascular gene therapy. However, the approach of stably transducing ECs in vivo using different vectors, including adeno-associated virus (AAV), remains unexamined. Regarding this unmet need, two AAV libraries from DNA shuffling and random peptide display were simultaneously screened in a transgenic mouse model. Cardiac ECs were isolated by cell sorting for salvage of EC-targeting AAV. Two AAV variants, i.e., EC71 and EC73, enriched in cardiac EC, were further characterized for their tissue tropism. Both of them demonstrated remarkably enhanced transduction of cardiac ECs and reduced infection of liver ECs in comparison to natural AAVs after intravenous injection. Significantly, persistent transgene expression was maintained in mouse cardiac ECs in vivo for at least 4 months. The EC71 vector was selected for delivery of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene into cardiac ECs in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. Enhanced eNOS activity was observed in the mouse heart and lung, which was correlated with partially improved cardiac function. Taken together, two AAV capsids were evolved with more efficient transduction in cardiovascular endothelium in vivo, but their endothelial tropism might need to be further optimized for practical application to cardiac gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y B Liu
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Heart Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - B C Xu
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y T Chen
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - X Yuan
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Y Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - G Z Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - W Jiang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L J Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - B S Ding
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y Q Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L Yang
- Department of Cardiology and Laboratory of Gene Therapy for Heart Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chen LJ, Chang YJ, Chang YJ. Treatment and long-term outcome of breast cancer in very young women: nationwide population-based study. BJS Open 2021; 5:6406857. [PMID: 34672342 PMCID: PMC8529521 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aimed to assess the correlation between long-term survival and treatment in very young women with breast cancer. METHODS Data on women with breast cancer were retrieved from the Taiwan Cancer Registry between 2004 and 2014. Patients who did not undergo surgery or who had stage 0 or IV disease were excluded. Survival analysis was conducted. The participants were divided into very young (20-29.9 years), young (30-39.9 years), and adult (40-50.0 years) groups. RESULTS Among 104 115 women, 24 474 (572 very young, 5565 young, and 18 337 adult) were eligible for the study. Median follow-up was 79.5 (range 24-158) months. The mortality rates in the very young, young, and adult groups were 12.9, 10.0, and 8.2 per cent respectively (P < 0.001). Very young patients had higher histological grade, unfavourable subtype, higher TNM stage, and received more breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that very young patients had the poorest long-term survival. Very young patients with stage II disease had the worst prognosis. In the multivariable regression model, radiotherapy was associated with decreased local recurrence but not with improved overall, cancer-specific, or disease-free survival for stage II disease in the very young group. Surgery type and chemotherapy were not associated with significant improvement in overall survival. CONCLUSION Very young patients with stage II disease had poor long-term outcomes. BCS had no detrimental effects on long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- Department of Surgery, HepingFuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-J Chang
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Zhong-Xing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-J Chang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Sun WX, Lou K, Chen LJ, Liu SD, Pang SG. Lipocalin-2: a role in hepatic gluconeogenesis via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1753-1765. [PMID: 33423221 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Evidence is accumulating that lipocalin2 (LCN2) is implicated in insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis, but the underlying possible mechanisms remain unclear. This study is to investigate the possible linkage between LCN2 and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) or forkhead transcription factor O1 (FoxO1), which influences insulin sensitivity and gluconeogenesis in liver. METHODS LCN2 knockout (LCN2KO) mice and wild-type littermates were used to evaluate the effect of LCN2 on insulin sensitivity and hepatic gluconeogenesis through pyruvate tolerance test (PTT), glucose tolerance test (ipGTT), insulin tolerance test (ITT), and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, respectively. LCN2KO mice and WT mice in vivo, and in vitro HepG2 cells were co-transfected with adenoviral FoxO1-siRNA (Ad-FoxO1-siRNA) or adenovirus expressing constitutively active form of AMPK (Ad-CA-AMPK), or dominant negative adenovirus AMPK (Ad-DN-AMPK), the relative mRNA and protein levels of two key gluconeogenic enzymes phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6P) were measured. RESULTS Improved insulin sensitivity and inhibited gluconeogenesis in the LCN2KO mice were confirmed by pyruvate tolerance tests and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps. Nuclear FoxO1 and its downstream genes PEECK and G6P were decreased in the livers of the LCN2KO mice, and AMPK activity was stimulated and directly phosphorylated FoxO1. In vitro, AMPK activity was inhibited in HepG2 cells overexpressing LCN2 leading to a decrease in phosphorylated FoxO1 and an increase in nuclear FoxO1. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrates that LCN2 regulates insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism through inhibiting AMPK activity, and regulating FoxO1 and its downstream genes PEPCK/G6P, which regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- W-X Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Taishan Vocational College of Nursing, Taian, 271000, China
| | - K Lou
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China
| | - L-J Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, 23 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China
| | - S-D Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Rongjun General Hospital, 23 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China.
| | - S-G Pang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, 250013, Shandong Province, China.
- Department of Endocrinology, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013, China.
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Chen LJ, Zhou YJ, Wen ZH, Tian F, Li JY. Efficacy and safety of iguratimod combined with methotrexate vs. methotrexate alone in rheumatoid arthritis : A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Z Rheumatol 2021; 80:432-446. [PMID: 33346891 PMCID: PMC8189982 DOI: 10.1007/s00393-020-00944-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The current systematic review and meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of iguratimod (IGU) combined with methotrexate (MTX) versus MTX alone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Two independent investigators searched for original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to the combination of IGU and MTX in RA published before November 1, 2019, in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and WanFang Data. Additionally, we searched clinical trial registry websites. We assessed the methodological quality of the included trials using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the seven-point Jadad scale. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.3 (Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2014). Meta-regression and publication bias analyses were performed using Stata version 14 software (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA). A total of 7 RCTs consisting of 665 participants, with 368 participants in the active arm and 297 in the placebo arm, were included in the meta-analysis. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) value was better in the IGU + MTX group than in the MTX alone group, with a pooled relative risk (RR) for ACR20 (American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria), ACR50, and ACR70 of 1.40 (95% CI, 1.13-1.74), 2.09 (95% CI, 1.67-2.61), and 2.24 (95% CI, 1.53-3.28), respectively. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated that there was no statistical significance in adverse events (1.06 (95% CI, 0.92-1.23)). The combined treatment is an effective, safe, and economical treatment option for patients who do not respond well to methotrexate alone or for patients who cannot afford expensive biologics that have no confirmed efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated ZhuZhou Hospital of XiangYa Medical College, Central South University, 116 South Changjiang Road, 412007, ZhuZhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Y-J Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Z-H Wen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated ZhuZhou Hospital of XiangYa Medical College, Central South University, 116 South Changjiang Road, 412007, ZhuZhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - F Tian
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated ZhuZhou Hospital of XiangYa Medical College, Central South University, 116 South Changjiang Road, 412007, ZhuZhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - J-Y Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated ZhuZhou Hospital of XiangYa Medical College, Central South University, 116 South Changjiang Road, 412007, ZhuZhou, Hunan Province, China.
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Huang X, Wu DW, Lu HN, Wang DX, Deng W, Sun TW, Xing LH, Liu SH, Wang SL, Luo H, Zhang H, Liu JL, Tan RM, Yang JP, Xu XY, Wu RN, Yan XX, Xu HB, Xu SC, Luo X, Zhao BL, Pan BH, Teng H, Chen LJ, Tian Y, Cai Y, Zhan QY. [Prognosis and related risk factors of acute respiratory distress syndrome in elder patients]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2021; 44:427-434. [PMID: 34865362 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20200528-00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To study the risk factors associated with the hospital survival rate of elder patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in Medical/Respiratory Intensive Care Units (MICUs/RICUs) by evaluating the prognosis, and therefore to provide insight into patient treatment strategy. Methods: Twenty MICUs/RICUs of 19 general hospitals in mainland China participated in the multicenter prospective cohort study carried out from Mar 1st, 2016 to Feb 28th, 2018. Patients who met the criteria of Berlin ARDS and older than 65 years were recruited. Baseline data, risk factors of ARDS, ventilator setup and prognosis data were collected from all patients. Univariant and multivariant regression analysis were conducted to analyze the factors associated with the prognosis. Results: 170 elder ARDS patients (age≥65 years) met the Berlin ARDS criteria, among whom 8.8% (15/170), 42.9% (73/170) and 48.2% (82/170) patients had mild, moderate and severe ARDS, respectively. The most common predisposing factor for elder ARDS was pneumonia, which was present in 134 patients (78.8%). 37.6% (64/170) patients were treated with noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), but 43.8% (28/64) cases experienced treatment failure. 76.5% (130/170) patients were treated with invasive mechanical ventilation. All patients 80 years or older were given invasive mechanical ventilation. 51.8% (88/170) cases had complications of non-pulmonary organ failure. 61.8% (105/170) patients deceased during hospital stay. Multivariant logistic analysis showed that the independent risk factors for hospital survival rate in elder patients with ARDS were SOFA score (P=0.030, RR=0.725, 95% CI 0.543-0.969), oxygen index after 24 hours of ARDS diagnosis (P=0.030, RR=0.196, 95% CI 0.045-0.853), accumulated fluid balance within 7 days after diagnosis of ARDS (P=0.026, RR=1.000, 95% CI 1.000-1.000) and shock (P=0.034, RR=0.140, 95% CI 0.023-0.863). Conclusion: Among 20 ICUs, the high mortality rate of elder patients with ARDS was correlated with higher 24 hour SOFA score, lower 24 hour oxygen index after ARDS diagnosis, more positive fluid balance within 7 days and concomitant shock. The conservative fluid strategy within 7 days of ARDS diagnosis may benefit the elder ARDS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Huang
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029,China
| | - D W Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao 266035, China
| | - H N Lu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), Qingdao 266035, China
| | - D X Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - W Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - T W Sun
- Intensive Care Unit, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhqngzhou 450052, China
| | - L H Xing
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhqngzhou 450052, China
| | - S H Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhqngzhou 450052, China
| | - S L Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhqngzhou 450052, China
| | - H Luo
- Respiratory Department, the second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - H Zhang
- Respiratory Department, the second Xiangya hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - J L Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - R M Tan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200001, China
| | - J P Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou 014016, China
| | - X Y Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou 014016, China
| | - R N Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Inner Mongolia Baogang Hospital, Baotou 014016, China
| | - X X Yan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050052, China
| | - H B Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050052, China
| | - S C Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Wulumuqi 830054, China
| | - X Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Wulumuqi 830054, China
| | - B L Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, PLA, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - B H Pan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, PLA, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - H Teng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072,China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072,China
| | - Y Tian
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029,China
| | - Y Cai
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029,China
| | - Q Y Zhan
- Center for Respiratory Diseases, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases,National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Beijing 100029,China
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Yan GL, Yang MM, Zuo PF, Wang D, Chen L, Li YJ, Chen LJ, Feng Y, Tang CC, Ma GS. [Effects of remote ischemic preconditioning on contrast-induced acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic total occlusion]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:776-781. [PMID: 33765717 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200627-01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in patients with chronic total occlusion (CTO) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 282 patients undergoing PCI at Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University between June 2017 and January 2019 were prospectively enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into RIPC group (n=142) and control group (n=140). CI-AKI was defined as an increase in level of cystatin C (CysC)≥10% above baseline at 24 h after contrast administration. Baseline characteristics and the incidence of CI-AKI were compared between the two groups. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was further used to analyze the independent risk factors of CI-AKI. Results: There were no significant differences in age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, stroke and old myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, previous PCI history and laboratory test indicators, target vessel and pathological characteristics of CTO lesions, contrast agent dosage, J-CTO (Multicenter CTO Registry in Japan) score, SYNTAX (Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) score, PCI success rate and stent number between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of CI-AKI was significantly lower (18.3% vs 29.3%, P=0.036) in RIPC group than that of control group. Multivariate logistic analysis found that creatinine [odds ratio (OR)=1.018,95%CI: 1.006-1.030, P=0.003], CysC (OR=5.200, 95%CI:2.714-9.963, P<0.001),contrast agent dosage (OR=1.013,95%CI: 1.007-1.019, P<0.001) and J-CTO score (OR=1.834, 95%CI: 1.145-2.939, P=0.012) were independent risk factors of CI-AKI. However, RIPC was an independent protective factor of CI-AKI (OR=0.391, 95%CI: 0.199-0.765, P=0.006). Conclusion: RIPC before contrast agent administration prevents CI-AKI in CTO patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - M M Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - P F Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - D Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - L Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y J Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Y Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - C C Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - G S Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Liu ZW, Zhao MY, Su XL, Ye TH, Zhuang YJ, Zhang Y, Zhang ZZ, Yang JL, Chen LJ, Long CF, Yao YQ, Chen XX. The antifibrotic effect and mechanism of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ZSP1603, in preclinical models of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:1481-1491. [PMID: 32096198 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202002_20207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and molecular mechanisms of ZSP1603 as a novel anti-fibrotic compound. MATERIALS AND METHODS The unilateral left pulmonary fibrosis model was established in the Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. The bilateral pulmonary fibrosis model was established in the C57BL/6J mice. The therapeutic treatment regimen began after the induction of pulmonary fibrosis. The preventive treatment regimen began on the first day of bleomycin administration. Animals were randomly divided into the sham, model, Nintedanib, and ZSP1603 treatment groups. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to evaluate pulmonary injury, inflammation, and fibrosis. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and Western blot were used to investigate the effects and mechanisms of ZSP1603 on the proliferation of primary human pulmonary fibroblasts (pHPFs). The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1), and collagen 1A1 (COL1A1) in pHPFs was detected by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). RESULTS ZSP1603 inhibited the proliferation of pHPFs in vitro by blocking the platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGF-Rβ) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathway. ZSP1603 also inhibited the differentiation of pHPFs by reducing the expression of TGF-β1, TIMP-1, and COL1A1. ZSP1603 significantly attenuated pulmonary injury, inflammation, and fibrosis in vivo in four independent animal studies of pulmonary fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS ZSP1603 is an effective anti-fibrotic compound with clear mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-W Liu
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Chen M, Mu XQ, Zhang XA, Li J, Zhao R, Chen LJ, Lin CY, Zhao SJ, Liu YZ, Zhang DT. [Interpretation for the group standards in the handling of accidental leak coronavirus disease 2019 sample]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1378-1380. [PMID: 33076587 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200514-00720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Biosafety is an important guarantee of the new coronavirus laboratory test. The accident treatment of sample overflow and sprinkle is a necessary part of the emergency plan for testing activities. Beijing Preventive Medicine Association coordinated biosafety experts of COVID-19 laboratories from Beijing CDC, to write up "The standard for handling of accidents of corona virus disease 2019 sample (T/BPMA 0005-2020)" . The group standard was based on the guidelines of China and WHO, and combined with the practical experience of COVID-19 epidemic and the principle of "scientific, normative, applicable and feasible" . Through all kinds of risk Assessment, it included the spillover of samples caused by the packing of COVID-19 (highly pathogenic) samples, the overflow and sprinkle in the laboratory during the detection operation, and the spillage accident occurred during the transfer of samples in the same building. The standard could guide and standardize the handling methods of accidental overflow and sprinkle that may occur in the SARS-CoV-2 testing laboratories in the city.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - X Q Mu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - X A Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - J Li
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - R Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - L J Chen
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - C Y Lin
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - S J Zhao
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Y Z Liu
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
| | - D T Zhang
- Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100013, China
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Li J, Yang Y, Liang ZC, Gao ZY, Jia L, Liu BW, Chen LJ, Wang QY. [Analysis of pathogenic composition and clinical characteristics of viral acute gastroenteritis in children under five years old in Beijing]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:1104-1110. [PMID: 33115197 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20191129-00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of rotavirus-, norovirus-, adenovirus-and astrovirus-associ ated acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old in Beijing from Octorber, 2015 to March, 2017. Methods: In the intestinal clinic of 6 hospitals in 6 districts of Beijing, information and stool samples of the first 30 patients with acute gastroenteritis who are under the age of 5 years are collected monthly.Rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus are identified by PCR.Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the epidemiological characteristics of diarrhea caused by rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus in Beijing. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the Vesikari clinical severity score of of acute gastroenteritis caused by each virus. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to analysis the associated factors of clinical features. Results: Of the 2 052 samples, 709 (34.6%) were non-mixed infections: the positive rate of rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus and astrovirus were 20.0%, 7.5%, 4.2% and 2.9%, respectively. A total of 135 cases (6.6%) were mixed infection. The mean and standard deviation of Vesikari clinical severity score was 8.0±3.1 for rotavirus associated acute gastroenteritis, which was significantly higher than norovirus (6.4±2.4, P<0.001), adenovirus (6.2±2.1, P<0.001) and astrovirus (6.1±2.0, P<0.001). The comparison of clinical features showed that compared with astrovirus, the children under 5 years old infected with rotavirus were more likely to have a diarrhea ≥5 days (OR=3.334), have vomiting ≥3 times within one day (OR=8.788), have vomiting≥1 day (OR=3.963), have a Vesikari clinical severity score ≥11 severe cases (OR=13.194). Norovirus infected cases were prone to have vomiting≥3 times in 1 day (OR=5.710).Adenovirus infected cases were prone to have a diarrhea≥5 days (OR=2.616). When using rotavirus as a reference, children under 5 years of age were less likely to develop fever≥38.4 ℃ after infection with norovirus (OR=0.397) or adenovirus (OR=0.280). Conclusions: The results of this study showed that the characteristics of acute gastroenteritis caused by different viruses are different. The clinical symptoms caused by rotavirus are more serious. Children under 24 months of age are at high risk of rotavirus infection. Effective preventive measures such as vaccination should be taken as soon as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Institute for HIV/AIDS and STD Prevention and Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Y Yang
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Z C Liang
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Z Y Gao
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - L Jia
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - B W Liu
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - L J Chen
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Q Y Wang
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Research Center for Preventive Medicine of Beijing, Beijing 100013, China
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Qiang P, Shao Y, Sun YP, Zhang J, Chen LJ. Metformin inhibits proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer cells through regulating PI3K/AKT/MDM2 pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:1778-1785. [PMID: 30840303 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201902_17140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influences of metformin on the proliferation and migration of endometrial cancer (EC) Ishikawa cells and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS After the EC Ishikawa cells were treated with metformin at a concentration of 10 mM for 24 h, the proliferation of cancer cells was detected via XTT [2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-car-boxanilide] assay and colony formation assay, and the migration and invasion of cancer cells were detected via wound healing assay and transwell assay. In addition, the expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins, E-cadherin and Vimentin, were detected via Western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining was performed for E-cadherin in cancer cells. Finally, the protein expression level of phosphatidylinositol 3-hydroxy kinase/protein kinase B/murine double minute 2 (PI3K/AKT/MDM2) signaling pathway in cancer cells was detected via Western blotting. RESULTS Metformin inhibited the proliferation of Ishikawa cells in a concentration-dependent manner (0-10 mM) (p<0.05). Moreover, metformin (10 mM) also inhibited the proliferation of Ishikawa cells in a time-dependent manner (0-72 h) (p<0.05). The results of colony formation assay revealed that metformin (10 mM) could significantly inhibit the colony formation of Ishikawa cells (p<0.05). The results of wound healing assay and transwell assay showed that metformin (10 mM) significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of Ishikawa cells (p<0.05). According to further studies, metformin (10 mM) inhibited the EMT process in Ishikawa cells. Western blotting results manifested that the activation of PI3K/AKT/MDM2 signaling pathway was inhibited by metformin (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Metformin can inhibit the proliferation and migration of EC cells by inhibiting the activation of PI3K/AKT/MDM2 signaling pathway. Therefore, metformin is expected to be a new drug for the clinical treatment of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Qiang
- Department of Gynecology, The First People's Hospital of Zhangjiagang, Zhangjiagang Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Zhangjiagang, China.
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Yang YC, Liu GJ, Yuan DF, Li CQ, Xue M, Chen LJ. Influence of exosome-derived miR-21on chemotherapy resistance of esophageal cancer. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:1513-1519. [PMID: 30840273 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201902_17109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the influence of exosome-derived micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-21 on chemotherapy resistance of esophageal cancer and its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human esophageal cancer TE-1 and Eca109/DDP cell lines and human normal esophageal Het-1A cells were cultured, and the exosomes were extracted from cells. After miR-21 was inhibited with an inhibitor and overexpressed with miRNA mimics combined with cisplatin, the cell viability was detected via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), the interaction between miR-21 and programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) was detected via dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and the changes in the protein level were detected via Western blotting. RESULTS The expression level of exosome-derived miR-21 in esophageal cancer cells was higher than that in normal esophageal cells, and it was the highest in cisplatin-resistant esophageal cancer cells. After treatment with cisplatin, miR-21 overexpression significantly reduced the invasion ability of esophageal cancer cells. After miR-21 overexpression, the sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells to cisplatin was lowered. MiR-21 interacted with the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of PDCD4. Moreover, the miR-21 overexpression significantly down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of PDCD4 in cells. CONCLUSIONS MiR-21 affects the sensitivity of esophageal cancer to cisplatin through targeting PDCD4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Yang
- Queen Mary Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
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23
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Chen LJ, Wang S, Le Contel O, Rager A, Hesse M, Drake J, Dorelli J, Ng J, Bessho N, Graham D, Wilson LB, Moore T, Giles B, Paterson W, Lavraud B, Genestreti K, Nakamura R, Khotyaintsev YV, Ergun RE, Torbert RB, Burch J, Pollock C, Russell CT, Lindqvist PA, Avanov L. Lower-Hybrid Drift Waves Driving Electron Nongyrotropic Heating and Vortical Flows in a Magnetic Reconnection Layer. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:025103. [PMID: 32701350 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.025103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of lower-hybrid drift waves driving electron heating and vortical flows in an electron-scale reconnection layer under a guide field. Electrons accelerated by the electrostatic potential of the waves exhibit perpendicular and nongyrotropic heating. The vortical flows generate magnetic field perturbations comparable to the guide field magnitude. The measurements reveal a new regime of electron-wave interaction and how this interaction modifies the electron dynamics in the reconnection layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Wang
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - O Le Contel
- CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris F91128, France
| | - A Rager
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - M Hesse
- University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - J Drake
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - J Dorelli
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Ng
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - N Bessho
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - D Graham
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala SE-75121, Sweden
| | - Lynn B Wilson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - T Moore
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B Giles
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - W Paterson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, Toulouse 31027 Cedex 4, France
| | - K Genestreti
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - R Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz A-8042, Austria
| | | | - R E Ergun
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - R B Torbert
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - J Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - C Pollock
- Denali Scientific, Healy, Alaska 99743, USA
| | - C T Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - P-A Lindqvist
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-11428, Sweden
| | - L Avanov
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
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Xu P, Li RJ, Jin XW, Wang PY, Chen LJ, Fan KC. A new micro/nano-touch-trigger probe using an optoelectronic sensor with a wedge prism. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:076103. [PMID: 32752806 DOI: 10.1063/5.0005587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new touch-trigger probe with high precision and a large permissible measurement range. A wedge prism was used in the sensing unit to achieve 3D detection using only one optoelectronic sensor. The measurement range was expanded from ±8 µm to ±14 µm through the new optical structure. The probe has uniform stiffness and uniform sensitivity. Some experiments were performed to investigate the performance of the probe. It was found that the probe has a resolution of 10 nm and a repeatability of less than 9.1 nm. The applicability of the probe was also verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xu
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - R J Li
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - X W Jin
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - P Y Wang
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - L J Chen
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - K C Fan
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
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Wang R, Yu ZC, Luo XP, Chen LJ, Shao GY, Yang XY. Survey of infection and determination of the transmission vector of Onchocerca fasciata in camels (Camelus bactrianus) in Inner Mongolia, China. Med Vet Entomol 2020; 34:59-68. [PMID: 31508843 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Onchocerciasis in camels is caused by adult Onchocerca spp. and results in great economic losses to the camel industry. However, only a few studies on Onchocerca have been conducted, especially regarding the intermediate host and vector(s). In the present study, 192 camels were examined from December and January during 2013 and 2016, and the filarial larvae suspected to be Onchocerca spp. were further identified. Furthermore, aquatic dipteran insects in the living environment of camels were collected from May to September between 2013 and 2017 and dissected. Eventually, onchocercal lesions were observed in 95 of 192 (49%) camels and the captured insects were classified into 49 species from 42 genera in 21 families, among which 18 species were newly recorded in Inner Mongolia and 14 were haematophagous species. The filarial larvae were found in Culicoides puncticollis and identified as Onchocerca fasciata, indicating that C. puncticollis is the vector of O. fasciata in Inner Mongolia. These findings provide an estimate of onchocerciasis infection in camels and an alternative method of identifying insects and screening vectors using molecular methods. Important data are also provided for the diagnosis and control of onchocerciasis, thereby further filling the gap in knowledge regarding transmission vectors in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Z C Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Technology Center of Hohhot Customs District PR China, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - X P Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - L J Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Technology Center of Hohhot Customs District PR China, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - G Y Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - X Y Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Wang J, Miao KR, Zhu H, Chen LJ. [Solitary bone plasmacytoma of the lumbar spine with monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis: a case report]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2020; 40:791. [PMID: 31648489 PMCID: PMC7342453 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2019.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - K R Miao
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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Chen LJ, Lian YL, Li LZ, Yue X, Qiao DF, Li DR, Wang HJ, Wang Q. Retrospective Analysis of 291 Cases of Medical Malpractice Involving Death. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 35:701-705. [PMID: 31970957 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To study the medical malpractice cases involving death, and discuss the identification ideas and methods of medical malpractice cases. Methods A total of 291 medical malpractice cases involving death accepted and settled from January 2012 to December 2017 at the Judicial Appraisal Center of Southern Medical University were collected. Based on the age, gender, hospital level, clinical department, whether or not autopsy was performed, cause of death, cause of medical mistakes, causality and causative potency of the appraised person, statistical analysis was made. Results There were more males than females in medical malpractice cases involving death. Mostly young adults or children were involved in these cases. The number of cases involving tertiary hospitals was the highest; among the clinical departments, the internal medicine department had the largest number of cases, followed by surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics, etc. Autopsy rate has a trend of increasing year by year. Most patients die from the natural outcomes of their disease or ineffective treatment. Most hospitals have certain medical mistakes, and have an indirect correlation with the patient's death, mainly slight factors. Conclusion Judicial appraisal of medical malpractice should follow the principle of "one-effect and multi-cause", and comprehensively consider various factors such as, the diseases and constitution of the patient, natural outcomes of the diseases, the current medical technology and the level of diagnosis and treatment of the hospital, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Y L Lian
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - L Z Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - X Yue
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - D F Qiao
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - D R Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - H J Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Q Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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28
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Chen LJ, Pang CP, Tham CCY, Leung CKS. Genetic prediction models for primary open-angle glaucoma: translational research. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 9:12-16. [PMID: 31889028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C P Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C C Y Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C K S Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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29
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Chen LJ, Ding YB, Ma PL, Jiang SH, Li KZ, Li AZ, Li MC, Shi CX, Du J, Zhou HD. The protective effect of lidocaine on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in rats through NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathway and excessive inflammatory responses. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:2099-2108. [PMID: 29687869 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201804_14743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute lung injury is a severe disease with a high rate of mortality, leading to more important illness. We aimed at exploring the protective role and potential mechanisms of lidocaine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to control group receiving 0.9% saline solution, LPS group treated with 4 mg/kg LPS i.p., LPS + lidocaine(treated with 4 mg/kg LPS i.p. followed by giving 1 mg/kg, 3 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg of lidocaine i.v.). Lung specimens and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected for histopathological examination and biochemical analyze 12 h after LPS induction. The cytokines expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 was measured by ELISA. In addition, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content, the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in lung tissues were also detected using ELISA. The protein expressions of p38, p-p38, p65, p-p65 and IκB were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS The results indicated that after lidocaine treatment was able to decrease significantly wet-to-dry (W/D) ratio and ameliorate the histopathologic damage. Additionally, total protein content and the number of leukocytes in BALF significantly decreased. ELISA result indicated that the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and MCP-1 in BALF were markedly suppressed. Meanwhile, the activities of T-AOC and SOD in lung tissues significantly increased, while the content of MDA significantly decreased after treatment with lidocaine. Moreover, Western blot suggested that lidocaine inhibited phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, lidocaine could ameliorate the LPS-induced lung injury via NF-κB/p38 MAPK signaling and excessive inflammatory responses, providing a potential for becoming the anti-inflammatory agent against lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- Operating Room, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, China.
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30
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Liu Y, Liu ZQ, Gu CY, Chen LJ, Xiang LH. Necrotic papulovesicular lesions mainly on sun-exposed areas. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:485-489. [PMID: 31544255 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Z Q Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - C Y Gu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - L H Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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31
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Liu ZQ, Feng J, Shi LL, Xu J, Zhang BJ, Chen LJ. Influences of miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway on inflammatory factors in ARDS in neonatal pigs. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23:7042-7048. [PMID: 31486505 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is greatly threatening human health with high morbidity and mortality. The pathogenesis of ARDS is closely related to the inflammatory response in patients. The micro-ribonucleic acid (miR)-155/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is crucial in regulating the expression of inflammation-related genes. Therefore, the influences of miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway on inflammatory factors in ARDS in neonatal pigs were explored in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS The model of ARDS in neonatal pigs was established first. The expression levels of miR-155, NF-κB-related proteins, and inflammatory factors in model group and control group were detected, and their differences were compared. Moreover, after treatment with the miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway inhibitor, the changes of the inflammatory factors expression in ARDS neonatal pigs were observed at different time points. RESULTS In the model group, the levels of miR-155 and NF-κB-related proteins were significantly increased, and the levels of inflammatory factors, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6, were also increased synchronously. However, the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 declined significantly. In addition, it was proved that after treatment with the inhibitor in model group the mRNA expressions of miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins were significantly inhibited, and the levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were also significantly inhibited (p<0.05). The levels of IL-4 and IL-10 remarkably rose after treatment with the inhibitor for 24 h (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The miR-155/NF-κB signaling pathway influenced the changes of inflammatory factors in ARDS in neonatal pigs, which might be a potential target for eliminating the inflammatory response after ARDS in neonatal pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z-Q Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China.
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32
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Chen LJ, Pang CP, Tham CCY, Leung CKS. Exome sequencing to reveal presymptomatic genetic markers for primary open angle glaucoma. Hong Kong Med J 2019; 25 Suppl 5:39-43. [PMID: 31416987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C P Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C C Y Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - C K S Leung
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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33
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Liu XL, Li L, Shi QL, Chen LJ, Cao XX, Li J, Liao AJ, Zou DH, Sun JN, Gao SJ, Li W, Hou J, Jin FY. [A retrospective study of the BiRd regimen in the treatment of relapsed/ refractory multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019; 38:837-841. [PMID: 29166734 PMCID: PMC7364962 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate efficacy of the BiRd regimen, a combination of clarithromycin, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone, in the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) . Methods: Patients with RRMM treated with BiRd between September 11, 2013 and August 1, 2016 at six centers were included to evaluate overall survival rate (ORR) , clinical benefit rate (CBR) , progression-free survival (PFS) , overall survival (OS) , as well as adverse events. Results: Of 30 patients with RRMM, 27 patients were evaluable, and ORR and CBR were 51.9% (14/27) and 66.7% (18/27) respectively, including 1 sCR (3.7%) , 3 CR (11.1%) , 3 VGPR (11.1%) , and 7 PR (25.6%) . In 13 patients with prior Rd, ORR and CBR were 38.5% (5/13) and 61.5% (8/13) respectively, of which 5 patients with ≥MR carried high-risk cytogenetic[ (e.g.17p- or t (4;14) ] together with at least one of other adverse-prognostic cytogenetic (e.g.13q- and/or 1q21+) . In 24 patients with prior bortezomib-based therapy, ORR and CBR were 45.8 and 62.5%, respectively. With a median follow-up time of 14.9 (range 1.0-33.8) months, the median PFS and OS were 12.0 (95%CI 11.6-12.4) and 27.6 (95%CI 15.1-40.1) months, respectively. The BiRd regimen was well tolerated. Conclusion: The BiRd regimen is an effective and safety protocol for RRMM, including those carrying high-risk cytogenetic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Liu
- Cancer Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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34
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He YJ, Mai CY, Chen LJ, Zhang XM, Zhou JY, Cai M, Chen YX, Qi QL, Yang ZD. [Clinical characteristics and risk factors in pregnancy with severe community-acquired pneumonia]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2019; 53:842-848. [PMID: 30585023 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-567x.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze clinical characteristics of severe community-acquired pneumonia during pregnancy and its outcomes, and to explore the relevant risk factors. Methods: From September 2012 to September 2017, 324 398 pregnancies admitted in 7 tertiary hospitals were included. Clinical data of 33 cases of pregnancies with severe community-acquired pneumonia (severe pneumonia group) and 214 cases of pregnancies with common community-acquired pneumonia (control group) were reviewed retrospectively, including the clinical information, manifestations, laboratory examinations and pregnancy outcomes. Relevant risk factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: (1) General data: pregnancies with severe community-acquired pneumonia accounted for 0.010% (33/324 398) of hospitalized pregnancies, the gestational age of two groups were (28±8) and (23±8) weeks, body mass index were (21.7±2.1) and (25.5±3.4) kg/m(2), rate of low income were 54.5% (18/33) and 31.8% (68/214) , respectively. The differences between two groups were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). No significant differences were found in age, pregnancy and parity times, rate of main pregnant complications such as diabetes and hypertension, educational level, asthma and onset seasons between two groups (all P>0.05). (2) Clinical data: the severe pneumonia group had significantly higher incidence of fever [100.0% (33/33) vs 75.2% (161/214) ], shortness of breath (90.9% vs 16.8%) compared with the control group (all P<0.05) .The median peripheral leukocytes counts were 12.3×10(9)/L and 10.2×10(9)/L, the hemoglobin level were (84±18) and (107±14) g/L,the albumin level were (26±4) and (37±3) g/L, the median serum urea nitrogen level were 3.7 and 2.4 mmol/L, the serum creatinine level were (72±25) and (45±11) μmol/L, respectively in two groups. The differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). No significantly statistical differences were found in coagulation indicator and cardiac function between two groups (all P>0.05). (3) Treatments: in severe pneumonia group, 12 patients (36.4%,12/33) needed invasive mechanical ventilation, 9 patients (27.3%,9/33) needed non-invasive mechanical ventilation, average time of mechanical ventilation was (7±4) days;8 patients (24.2%,8/33) with septic shock needed vasoactive drugs. However, there was no patient in control group needing mechanical ventilation and vasoactive drugs. (4) Pregnant outcomes: one patient (3.0%,1/33) died in the severe pneumonia group, while no death occurred in the control group. The hospital stay between two groups were (15.1±4.1) and (7.0±1.9) days, the rates of abortion and stillbirth between two groups were 42.4% (14/33) and 3.3% (7/214) , the rates of premature were 10/19 and 6.3% (13/207) , the rates of cesarean were 15/19 and 43.0% (89/207) , the rates of low birth weight newborn were 17/19 and 14.0% (29/207) , the rates of infected newborn were 15/19 and 10.1% (21/207) , the birth weights were (2 165±681) and (3 102±400) g, respectively. The differences between two groups were all statistically significant (all P<0.05). (5) Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that anemia, low body mass index, hypoproteinemia were risk factors for severe pneumonia in pregnancy (all P<0.05) . Conclusions: Pregnancy with severe community-acquired pneumonia may be complicated by multiple organ dysfunctions, lead to adverse outcomes. Anemia, malnutrition are risk factors for pregnancy with severe pneumonia. Active and effective treatment may improve its prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J He
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Foshan Woman and Children Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528000, China
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35
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Chen LJ. [Relationship between noise exposure and high frequency hearing loss in bottled beverage]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2019; 35:286-288. [PMID: 28614930 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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36
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Torbert RB, Burch JL, Phan TD, Hesse M, Argall MR, Shuster J, Ergun RE, Alm L, Nakamura R, Genestreti KJ, Gershman DJ, Paterson WR, Turner DL, Cohen I, Giles BL, Pollock CJ, Wang S, Chen LJ, Stawarz JE, Eastwood JP, Hwang KJ, Farrugia C, Dors I, Vaith H, Mouikis C, Ardakani A, Mauk BH, Fuselier SA, Russell CT, Strangeway RJ, Moore TE, Drake JF, Shay MA, Khotyaintsev YV, Lindqvist PA, Baumjohann W, Wilder FD, Ahmadi N, Dorelli JC, Avanov LA, Oka M, Baker DN, Fennell JF, Blake JB, Jaynes AN, Le Contel O, Petrinec SM, Lavraud B, Saito Y. Electron-scale dynamics of the diffusion region during symmetric magnetic reconnection in space. Science 2018; 362:1391-1395. [PMID: 30442767 DOI: 10.1126/science.aat2998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic reconnection is an energy conversion process that occurs in many astrophysical contexts including Earth's magnetosphere, where the process can be investigated in situ by spacecraft. On 11 July 2017, the four Magnetospheric Multiscale spacecraft encountered a reconnection site in Earth's magnetotail, where reconnection involves symmetric inflow conditions. The electron-scale plasma measurements revealed (i) super-Alfvénic electron jets reaching 15,000 kilometers per second; (ii) electron meandering motion and acceleration by the electric field, producing multiple crescent-shaped structures in the velocity distributions; and (iii) the spatial dimensions of the electron diffusion region with an aspect ratio of 0.1 to 0.2, consistent with fast reconnection. The well-structured multiple layers of electron populations indicate that the dominant electron dynamics are mostly laminar, despite the presence of turbulence near the reconnection site.
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Affiliation(s)
- R B Torbert
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA. .,Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - J L Burch
- Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - T D Phan
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Hesse
- Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, USA.,University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - M R Argall
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - J Shuster
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - R E Ergun
- University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - L Alm
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - R Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - K J Genestreti
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - D J Gershman
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - W R Paterson
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - D L Turner
- Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA
| | - I Cohen
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - B L Giles
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - C J Pollock
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Wang
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - L-J Chen
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA.,University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - J E Stawarz
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J P Eastwood
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - K J Hwang
- Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - C Farrugia
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - I Dors
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - H Vaith
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - C Mouikis
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - A Ardakani
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - B H Mauk
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - S A Fuselier
- Southwest Research Institute (SwRI), San Antonio, TX, USA.,University of Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - C T Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - T E Moore
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J F Drake
- University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - M A Shay
- University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | | | | | - W Baumjohann
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - F D Wilder
- University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - N Ahmadi
- University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J C Dorelli
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - L A Avanov
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Oka
- University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D N Baker
- University of Colorado Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - J B Blake
- Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, USA
| | | | - O Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas, CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France
| | - S M Petrinec
- Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, CNRS, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Y Saito
- Institute for Space and Astronautical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
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Mak CY, Yam JC, Chen LJ, Lee SM, Young AL. Epidemiology of myopia and prevention of myopia progression in children in East Asia: a review. Hong Kong Med J 2018; 24:602-609. [PMID: 30530867 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj187513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myopia (short-sightedness) exhibits high prevalence in East Asia. Methods to mitigate myopia progression are important in preventing the vision-threatening complications associated with high myopia. In this review, we examine the regional epidemiology of myopia and provide updated evidence regarding interventions to slow myopia progression in children. METHODS We performed a literature search using PubMed from the date of inception through 25 June 2018. Studies involving myopia epidemiology and control of myopia progression were selected; only studies published in English were reviewed. Preference was given to prospective studies, as well as those conducted in Hong Kong or East Asia. RESULTS Atropine eye drops and pirenzepine eye gel are highly effective for controlling myopia progression in children. Orthokeratology, peripheral defocus contact lenses, bifocal or progressive addition spectacles, and increased involvement in outdoor activities are also effective for controlling myopia progression; however, myopia undercorrection and single vision contact lenses are ineffective. CONCLUSION Although various methods are effective for controlling myopia progression in children, no curative remedy exists for myopia. Health care professionals should be aware of the available methods, as well as their risks and benefits. Treatment should be individualised and based on the preferences of the patient's family, after full discussion of the risks and benefits of each modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Mak
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - J Cs Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | | | - A L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
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38
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Zhou TC, Li X, Chen LJ, Fan JH, Lai X, Tang Y, Zhang L, Wei J. Differential expression profile of hepatic circular RNAs in chronic hepatitis B. J Viral Hepat 2018; 25:1341-1351. [PMID: 29888838 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CircRNAs exert gene regulatory effects by sequestering target microRNAs (miRNAs) and play a vital role in the onset and development of disease. Until recently, little has been known about the expression, regulation and biological function of circRNAs in both health and chronic hepatitis B (CHB).To identify hepatic circRNAs associated with CHB, we performed RNA sequencing using liver biopsies from untreated CHB patients and controls. We then established a bioinformatics pipeline for identification of CHB-associated circRNAs and in silico analysis of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathways. We used quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to confirm these results. The profiles of hepatic circRNA expression were significantly different in CHB compared with controls, with a total of 99 dysregulated circRNAs identified to be correlated with CHB. Computational analysis of the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathways revealed a large number of miRNAs (665), which were putatively targeted by the differentially expressed hepatic circRNAs. Interestingly, four of the predicted CHB-related circRNA-miRNA-mRNA pathways were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of HBV infection and progression of HBV-associated liver disease. Among these pathways, regression analysis of gene expression revealed a strong positive correlation between hsa_circ_0000650 and TGFβ2 and a negative correlation between hsa_circ_0000650 and miR-6873-3p, which hinted that hsa_circ_0000650 interacted with TGFβ2 mediated by miR-6873-3p. This study firstly demonstrates that patients with CHB present different profiles of hepatic circRNAs and circRNA/miRNA interactions. Thus, circRNAs have promise as novel mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis and progression of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-C Zhou
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - X Li
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - L-J Chen
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - J-H Fan
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China.,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - X Lai
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Y Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - L Zhang
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - J Wei
- Central lab, Liver disease research center, the Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
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39
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Chen LJ, Wang S, Wilson LB, Schwartz S, Bessho N, Moore T, Gershman D, Giles B, Malaspina D, Wilder FD, Ergun RE, Hesse M, Lai H, Russell C, Strangeway R, Torbert RB, F-Vinas A, Burch J, Lee S, Pollock C, Dorelli J, Paterson W, Ahmadi N, Goodrich K, Lavraud B, Le Contel O, Khotyaintsev YV, Lindqvist PA, Boardsen S, Wei H, Le A, Avanov L. Electron Bulk Acceleration and Thermalization at Earth's Quasiperpendicular Bow Shock. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:225101. [PMID: 29906189 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.225101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Electron heating at Earth's quasiperpendicular bow shock has been surmised to be due to the combined effects of a quasistatic electric potential and scattering through wave-particle interaction. Here we report the observation of electron distribution functions indicating a new electron heating process occurring at the leading edge of the shock front. Incident solar wind electrons are accelerated parallel to the magnetic field toward downstream, reaching an electron-ion relative drift speed exceeding the electron thermal speed. The bulk acceleration is associated with an electric field pulse embedded in a whistler-mode wave. The high electron-ion relative drift is relaxed primarily through a nonlinear current-driven instability. The relaxed distributions contain a beam traveling toward the shock as a remnant of the accelerated electrons. Similar distribution functions prevail throughout the shock transition layer, suggesting that the observed acceleration and thermalization is essential to the cross-shock electron heating.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - S Wang
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - L B Wilson
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - S Schwartz
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - N Bessho
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - T Moore
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - D Gershman
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B Giles
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - D Malaspina
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - F D Wilder
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - R E Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - M Hesse
- University of Bergen, Bergen 5020, Norway
| | - H Lai
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R Strangeway
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R B Torbert
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - A F-Vinas
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - S Lee
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - C Pollock
- Denali Scientific, Healy, Alaska 99743, USA
| | - J Dorelli
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - W Paterson
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - N Ahmadi
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - K Goodrich
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, CNES, Toulouse, 31028 Cedex 4, France
| | - O Le Contel
- Laboratoire de Physique des Plasmas (UMR7648), CNRS/Ecole Polytechnique/Sorbonne Université/Univ. Paris Sud/Observatoire de Paris, Paris, F91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France
| | | | - P-A Lindqvist
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm SE-11428, Sweden
| | - S Boardsen
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
| | - H Wei
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Avanov
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20747, USA
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40
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Abstract
A prediction of the steady state reconnection electric field in asymmetric reconnection is obtained by maximizing the reconnection rate as a function of the opening angle made by the upstream magnetic field on the weak magnetic field (magnetosheath) side. The prediction is within a factor of 2 of the widely examined asymmetric reconnection model (Cassak & Shay, 2007, https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2795630) in the collisionless limit, and they scale the same over a wide parameter regime. The previous model had the effective aspect ratio of the diffusion region as a free parameter, which simulations and observations suggest is on the order of 0.1, but the present model has no free parameters. In conjunction with the symmetric case (Liu et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.085101), this work further suggests that this nearly universal number 0.1, essentially the normalized fast-reconnection rate, is a geometrical factor arising from maximizing the reconnection rate within magnetohydrodynamic-scale constraints. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY To understand the evolution of many space and astrophysical plasmas, it is imperative to know how fast magnetic reconnection processes the magnetic flux. Researchers found that reconnection in both symmetric and asymmetric geometries exhibits a normalized reconnection rate of order 0.1. In this work, we show that this nearly universal value in asymmetric geometry is also the maximal rate allowed in the magnetohydrodynamic scale. This result has applications to the transport process at plasma boundary layers like Earth's magnetopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsin Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - M Hesse
- Department of Physics and Technology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - P A Cassak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - M A Shay
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - S Wang
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - L-J Chen
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
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41
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Li BS, Chen LJ, Ke BX, Lin JM, Xu LQ, Tan HL, He DM, Liang YH, Ke CW, Zhang YH. [Etiologic characteristics of Shigella sonnei strains isolated from some areas of Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China, 2014-2016]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 38:1541-1545. [PMID: 29141346 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigated the etiologic characteristics of Shigella (S.) sonnei strains causing outbreaks and sporadic cases in some areas of Guangdong province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during 2014-2016. Methods: Fourteen S. sonnei strains isolated from outbreaks and 6 S. sonnei strains from sporadic cases from Guangdong and Liuzhou of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were tested for antimicrobial resistance and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Six typical strains were selected for whole genome sequencing typing and compared with 51 strains isolated both at home and abroad from NCBI genome database. Results: The antibiotic resistance test indicated the isolates had high resistance rate to ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and nalidixic acid, while sensitive to azithromycin, chloromycetin and imipenem. PFGE showed high similarity (93.2%) among the strains isolated from different areas. The whole genome sequencing analysis also revealed that all the typical strains were clustered into a same evolution branch, close to some strains from Korea. Conclusions: The S. sonnei strains isolated from some areas of Guangdong and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region showed high resistance to commonly used antibiotics, but they were sensitive to azithromycin, chloramphenicol and imipenem. The isolates in this study also showed similar PFGE patterns and close phylogenic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Li
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - L J Chen
- Microbiology Department, Liuzhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liuzhou 545007, China
| | - B X Ke
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - J M Lin
- Microbiology Department, Shantou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shantou 515041, China
| | - L Q Xu
- Microbiology Department, Huizhou Prefecture Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huizhou 516001, China
| | - H L Tan
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - D M He
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Y H Liang
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - C W Ke
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Microbiology Department, Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
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42
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Chen LJ, Han WJ, Shen WD, Liu J, Dai P, Yang SM, Han DY. [The surgical treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma complicated with peripheral facial paralysis (with 22 cases)]. Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:1247-1250. [PMID: 29798371 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.16.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics, the surgical methods and the recovery of facial nerve function outcomes in patients with the middle ear cholesteatoma complicated with peripheral facial paralysis.Method:Retrospective analysis method was used on patients treated for middle ear cholesteatoma associated with peripheral facial paralysis. Facial nerve decompression and great auricular nerve grafting were performed for restoration of facial nerve. Facial nerve function was assessed with the House-Brackmann (H-B) grade scale. Spearman test was employed for statistic analysis.Result:Surgical exploration revealed that the cholesteatoma was mainly located in epitympanic cavity, mastoid and sinus tympani, which mainly damaged the tympanic segment of facial nerve. Nineteen cases with facial nerve edema, including complete sheath (n=15) and sheath defect (n=4), were performed decompression. Among which 15 recovered to H-B Ⅰ, 3 recovered to H-B Ⅱ, 1 recovered to H-B Ⅳ. Three cases with facial nerve disrupt underwent great auricular nerve grafting, 1 recovered to H-B Ⅳ, 2 recovered to H-BⅤ. The rate of recovery to H-B Ⅰ or Ⅱ in patients underwent surgery within 2 weeks was 92.3%(12/13).Conclusion:When the middle ear cholesteatoma complicated with peripheral facial paralysis, surgery should be carried out as soon as possible. After removed the cholesteatoma completely, facial nerve decompression could acquire a better facial nerve function recovery compared to great auricular grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - W J Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - W D Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - P Dai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - S M Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - D Y Han
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China
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43
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Dou XF, Zheng Y, Lyu YN, Li J, Li XY, Chen LJ, Tian LL, Li S, Chen YW, Pang XH, He X, Wang QY. [The first confirmed imported case of yellow fever in China]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2017; 37:788-90. [PMID: 27346103 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2016.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the epidemiological characteristics of the first confirmed imported case of yellow fever in China. METHODS This case was reported through the Infectious Disease Surveillance Program. Information on epidemiology and clinical manifestation of the case was collected through case interview and related medical records. Blood and saliva samples of the case were collected and tested by real-time PCR. RESULTS The patient was male, 32 years old, and suffered a sudden onset of fever without other symptoms, on March 8(th), 2016. The patient arrived in Beijing at midnight on March 10(th). Condition of the patient got progressively worsened, with both liver and renal failures, hepatic encephalopathy, multiple organ failures and DIC, finally died on March 16(th). Serum of the case was positive for yellow fever virus by real time PCR. The patient was bit by mosquitoes six days before the onset of fever in Luanda, Angola. CONCLUSION This report summarized related information on the first confirmed but imported case of yellow fever in China that was helpful to the management of other imported yellow fever cases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Dou
- Institute for Infectious Disease and Endemic Disease Control, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
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44
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Hesse M, Chen LJ, Liu YH, Bessho N, Burch JL. Population Mixing in Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection with a Guide Field. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:145101. [PMID: 28430487 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.145101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigate how population mixing leads to structured electron distribution functions in asymmetric guide-field magnetic reconnection based on particle-in-cell simulations. The change of magnetic connectivity patches populations from different inflow regions to form multicomponent distributions in the exhaust, illustrating the direct consequence of the breaking and rejoining of magnetic flux tubes. Finite Larmor radius (FLR) effects of electrons accelerated by the perpendicular electric fields result in crescent-type nongyrotropic distributions. A new type of nongyrotropy is found to be caused by the combined effects of the FLR and velocity dispersion of electrons accelerated by the parallel electric field. The patching together of populations and the effects of acceleration and the FLR form the first steps of mixing in the exhaust and separatrix regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hesse
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - L J Chen
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - Y-H Liu
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - N Bessho
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - J L Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
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45
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Chen LJ, Xu WM, Yang M, Wang K, Chen Y, Huang XJ, Ma QH. HUWE1 plays important role in mouse preimplantation embryo development and the dysregulation is associated with poor embryo development in humans. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37928. [PMID: 27901130 PMCID: PMC5128802 DOI: 10.1038/srep37928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
HUWE1 is a HECT domain containing ubiquitin ligase implicated in neurogenesis, spermatogenesis and cancer development. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the role of HUWE1 in early embryo development. Here we demonstrate that Huwe1 is expressed in both nucleus and cytoplasm of preimplantation mouse embryos as well as gametes. Hypoxia (5% O2) treatment could significantly increase Huwe1 expression during mouse embryo development process. HUWE1 knockdown inhibited normal embryonic development and reduced blastocyst formation, and increased apoptotic cell numbers were observed in the embryos of HUWE1 knockdown group. Human embryo staining result showed that reduced HUWE1 staining was observed in the poor-quality embryos. Furthermore, Western blot result showed that significantly reduced expression of HUWE1 was observed in the villi of miscarriage embryos compared with the normal control, indicating that reduced expression of HUWE1 is related to poor embryo development. Oxidative reagent, H2O2 inhibited HUWE1 expression in human sperm, indicating that HUWE1 expression in sperm is regulated by oxidative stress. In conclusion, these results suggest that HUWE1 protein could contribute to preimplantation embryo development and dysregulated expression of HUWE1 could be related to poor embryo development and miscarriage in IVF clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Chen
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - W M Xu
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - M Yang
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - X J Huang
- College of Animal Science &Technology, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing, China
| | - Q H Ma
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecologic diseases, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China.,SCU-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, (Sichuan University), West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
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46
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Egedal J, Le A, Daughton W, Wetherton B, Cassak PA, Chen LJ, Lavraud B, Torbert RB, Dorelli J, Gershman DJ, Avanov LA. Spacecraft Observations and Analytic Theory of Crescent-Shaped Electron Distributions in Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:185101. [PMID: 27835028 PMCID: PMC7437547 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.185101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Supported by a kinetic simulation, we derive an exclusion energy parameter E_{X} providing a lower kinetic energy bound for an electron to cross from one inflow region to the other during magnetic reconnection. As by a Maxwell demon, only high-energy electrons are permitted to cross the inner reconnection region, setting the electron distribution function observed along the low-density side separatrix during asymmetric reconnection. The analytic model accounts for the two distinct flavors of crescent-shaped electron distributions observed by spacecraft in a thin boundary layer along the low-density separatrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Egedal
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - A Le
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - W Daughton
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Wetherton
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - P A Cassak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - L-J Chen
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5277, Toulouse, France
| | - R B Torbert
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - J Dorelli
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - D J Gershman
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - L A Avanov
- Heliophysics Science Division, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
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47
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Chang YJ, Chung KP, Chang YJ, Chen LJ. Long-term survival of patients undergoing liver resection for very large hepatocellular carcinomas. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1513-20. [PMID: 27550624 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess long-term survival after liver resection for huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS Patients with stage I-III HCC who underwent hepatectomy from 2002 to 2010 were identified retrospectively from prospective national databases and followed until December 2012. Patients were assigned into four groups according to tumour size: less than 3·0 cm (small), 3·0-4·9 cm (medium), 5·0-10·0 cm (large) and over 10·0 cm (huge). The primary endpoint was overall survival. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards model were used for survival analysis. RESULTS A total of 11 079 patients with HCC (mean(s.d.) age 59·7 (12·0) years) were eligible for this study. Median follow-up was 72·5 months. Patients with huge HCC had the worst prognosis; overall survival rates for patients with small, medium, large and huge HCC were 72·0, 62·1, 50·8 and 35·0 per cent respectively at 5 years, and 52·6, 41·8, 35·8 and less than 20·0 per cent at 10 years (P < 0·001). Multivariable analysis showed that tumour size affected long-term survival (hazard ratio (HR) 1·31, 1·55 and 2·38 for medium, large and huge HCC respectively versus small HCC). Prognostic factors for huge HCC were surgical margin larger than 0·2 cm (HR 0·70; P = 0·025), poor differentiation (HR 1·34; P = 0·004), multiple tumours (HR 1·64; P < 0·001), vascular invasion (HR 1·52; P = 0·008), cirrhosis (HR 1·37; P = 0·013) and the use of nucleoside analogues (HR 0·69; P = 0·004). CONCLUSION Huge HCCs have a worse prognosis than smaller HCCs after liver resection. A wide resection margin and antiviral therapy with nucleoside analogues may be associated with favourable long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Chang
- Department of General Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of General Surgery, Zhong-Xing Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - K P Chung
- Graduate Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y J Chang
- Department of Surgery, Taipei Branch, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - L J Chen
- Graduate Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Heping Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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48
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Abstract
BACKGROUND An association between low levels of physical activity and impaired cognitive performance in schizophrenia has been proposed, but most studies have relied on self-report measures of activity. This study examined the association between actigraphy-derived physical activity and cognitive performance adjusting for multiple covariates in patients with schizophrenia. METHOD Patients with schizophrenia (n = 199) were recruited from chronic psychiatric wards, and 60 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched comparison participants were recruited from the staff of two hospitals and universities. Physical activity was assessed objectively for 7 days using an ActiGraph. Cognitive performance was assessed with the Cognitrone test from the Vienna Test System and the Grooved Pegboard Test. Demographic variables, metabolic parameters, positive and negative symptoms, duration of illness and hospitalization, and medication use were included as covariates. Pearson correlations and multivariable linear regressions were conducted to examine the associations between physical activity levels and cognitive performance. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia were less physically active and had poorer performance on attention/concentration and speed of processing than the comparison group. Patients with schizophrenia who spent more time in light physical activity showed better performance on attention/concentration (β = 0.198, p = 0.020) and speed of processing (β= -0.169, p = 0.048) tasks than those who were less active. Cognitive performance was also associated with moderate-vigorous physical activity, but the effect was no longer significant once light physical activity had been taken into account. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for a positive association between objectively measured light physical activity and cognitive performance in people with schizophrenia, after adjustment for multiple confounders.
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Affiliation(s)
- L-J Chen
- Department of Exercise Health Science,National Taiwan University of Sport,271 Lixing Road,Taichung 404,Taiwan
| | - A Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,1-19 Torrington Place,London WC1E 6BT,UK
| | - M-S Chung
- Jianan Psychiatric Center,Ministry of Health and Welfare,80, Lane 870,Zhongshan Road,Tainan 717,Taiwan
| | - P-W Ku
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,University College London,1-19 Torrington Place,London WC1E 6BT,UK
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49
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Eriksson S, Wilder FD, Ergun RE, Schwartz SJ, Cassak PA, Burch JL, Chen LJ, Torbert RB, Phan TD, Lavraud B, Goodrich KA, Holmes JC, Stawarz JE, Sturner AP, Malaspina DM, Usanova ME, Trattner KJ, Strangeway RJ, Russell CT, Pollock CJ, Giles BL, Hesse M, Lindqvist PA, Drake JF, Shay MA, Nakamura R, Marklund GT. Magnetospheric Multiscale Observations of the Electron Diffusion Region of Large Guide Field Magnetic Reconnection. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:015001. [PMID: 27419573 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) satellites of a large guide field magnetic reconnection event. The observations suggest that two of the four MMS spacecraft sampled the electron diffusion region, whereas the other two spacecraft detected the exhaust jet from the event. The guide magnetic field amplitude is approximately 4 times that of the reconnecting field. The event is accompanied by a significant parallel electric field (E_{∥}) that is larger than predicted by simulations. The high-speed (∼300 km/s) crossing of the electron diffusion region limited the data set to one complete electron distribution inside of the electron diffusion region, which shows significant parallel heating. The data suggest that E_{∥} is balanced by a combination of electron inertia and a parallel gradient of the gyrotropic electron pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Eriksson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - F D Wilder
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - R E Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - S J Schwartz
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P A Cassak
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - J L Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238-5166, USA
| | - L-J Chen
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - R B Torbert
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238-5166, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - T D Phan
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - B Lavraud
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Université de Toulouse, 31028 Toulouse, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5277, Toulouse, France
| | - K A Goodrich
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - J C Holmes
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - J E Stawarz
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - A P Sturner
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - D M Malaspina
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - M E Usanova
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - K J Trattner
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - R J Strangeway
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C T Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C J Pollock
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B L Giles
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - M Hesse
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - P-A Lindqvist
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J F Drake
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M A Shay
- University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - R Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 8042 Graz, Austria
| | - G T Marklund
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-11428 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ergun RE, Goodrich KA, Wilder FD, Holmes JC, Stawarz JE, Eriksson S, Sturner AP, Malaspina DM, Usanova ME, Torbert RB, Lindqvist PA, Khotyaintsev Y, Burch JL, Strangeway RJ, Russell CT, Pollock CJ, Giles BL, Hesse M, Chen LJ, Lapenta G, Goldman MV, Newman DL, Schwartz SJ, Eastwood JP, Phan TD, Mozer FS, Drake J, Shay MA, Cassak PA, Nakamura R, Marklund G. Magnetospheric Multiscale Satellites Observations of Parallel Electric Fields Associated with Magnetic Reconnection. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:235102. [PMID: 27341241 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.235102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report observations from the Magnetospheric Multiscale satellites of parallel electric fields (E_{∥}) associated with magnetic reconnection in the subsolar region of the Earth's magnetopause. E_{∥} events near the electron diffusion region have amplitudes on the order of 100 mV/m, which are significantly larger than those predicted for an antiparallel reconnection electric field. This Letter addresses specific types of E_{∥} events, which appear as large-amplitude, near unipolar spikes that are associated with tangled, reconnected magnetic fields. These E_{∥} events are primarily in or near a current layer near the separatrix and are interpreted to be double layers that may be responsible for secondary reconnection in tangled magnetic fields or flux ropes. These results are telling of the three-dimensional nature of magnetopause reconnection and indicate that magnetopause reconnection may be often patchy and/or drive turbulence along the separatrix that results in flux ropes and/or tangled magnetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Ergun
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - K A Goodrich
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - F D Wilder
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - J C Holmes
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - J E Stawarz
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - S Eriksson
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - A P Sturner
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - D M Malaspina
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - M E Usanova
- Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - R B Torbert
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - P-A Lindqvist
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Y Khotyaintsev
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics (Uppsala), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J L Burch
- Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78238, USA
| | - R J Strangeway
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C T Russell
- University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C J Pollock
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - B L Giles
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - M Hesse
- NASA, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland 20771, USA
| | - L J Chen
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - G Lapenta
- Leuven Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M V Goldman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - D L Newman
- Department of Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
| | - S J Schwartz
- Laboratory of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80303, USA
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - J P Eastwood
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - T D Phan
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - F S Mozer
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J Drake
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - M A Shay
- University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - P A Cassak
- West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - R Nakamura
- Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria
| | - G Marklund
- KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
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