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Palacio PL, Greenwald J, Nguyen KT, Shantaram D, Butsch BL, Kim Y, Dattu MH, Noria S, Brethauer SA, Needleman BJ, Wysocki V, Hsueh W, Reátegui E, Magaña SM. Novel multiparametric bulk and single EV pipeline for adipose cell-specific biomarker discovery in paired human biospecimens. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.18.590172. [PMID: 38659953 PMCID: PMC11042368 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.18.590172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health crisis that contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Obesity's comorbid association with a variety of diseases, from metabolic syndrome to neurodegenerative disease, underscores the critical need to better understand the pathobiology of obesity. Adipose tissue, once seen as an inert storage depot, is now recognized as an active endocrine organ, regulating metabolic and systemic homeostasis. Recent studies spotlight the theranostic utility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) as novel biomarkers and drivers of disease, including obesity-related complications. Adipose-derived EVs (ADEVs) have garnered increased interest for their roles in diverse diseases, however robust isolation and characterization protocols for human, cell-specific EV subsets are limited. Herein, we directly address this technical challenge by establishing a multiparametric analysis framework that leverages bulk and single EV characterization, mRNA phenotyping and proteomics of human ADEVs directly from paired visceral adipose tissue, cultured mature adipocyte conditioned media, and plasma from obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery. Importantly, rigorous EV phenotyping at the tissue and cell-specific level identified top 'adipose liquid biopsy' candidates that were validated in circulating plasma EVs from the same patient. In summary, our study paves the way toward a tissue and cell-specific, multiparametric framework for studying tissue and circulating adipose EVs in obesity-driven disease.
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Olichwier A, Sowka A, Balatskyi VV, Gan AM, Dziewulska A, Dobrzyn P. SCD1-related epigenetic modifications affect hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) gene expression in cardiomyocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119608. [PMID: 37852324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is an enzyme that is involved in the regulation of lipolysis in the heart. SCD1 also affects epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA and histone modifications, in various tissues. Both epigenetic modifications and changes in lipid metabolism are involved in the heart's response to hypoxia. The present study tested the hypothesis that SCD1 and epigenetic modifications interact to control lipolysis in cardiomyocytes under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. We found that the inhibition of SCD1 activity and loss of SCD1 expression reduced global DNA methylation levels, DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity, and DNMT1 expression in HL-1 cardiomyocytes and the mouse heart. We also found that the inhibition of adipose triglyceride lipase is involved in the control of global DNA methylation levels in cardiomyocytes in an SCD1-independent manner. Additionally, SCD1 inhibition reduced expression of the hormone-sensitive lipase (Lipe) gene through an increase in methylation of the Lipe gene promoter. Under hypoxic conditions, SCD1 inhibition abolished hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1α, likely through decreases in histone deacetylase, protein kinase A, and abhydrolase domain containing 5 protein levels, leading to the attenuation of DNA hypomethylation by DNMT1. Hypoxia led to demethylation of the Lipe promoter in cardiomyocytes with SCD1 inhibition, which increased Lipe expression. These results indicate that SCD1 is involved in the control of epigenetic mechanisms in the heart and may affect Lipe expression through changes in methylation in its promoter region. Therefore, SCD1 may be considered a key player in the epigenetic response to normoxia and hypoxia in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Olichwier
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adrian Sowka
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Volodymyr V Balatskyi
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ana-Maria Gan
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Dziewulska
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pawel Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Molecular Medical Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Wang X, Li J, Bai J, Chen M, Wang L, Fan H, Zeng F, Lu X, He Y. Exploring the Impact of Insertion/Deletion in FTO and PLIN1 Genes on Morphometric Traits in Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3032. [PMID: 37835645 PMCID: PMC10571888 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify InDels from the FTO and PLIN1 genes and to analyze their association with morphometric traits in Hu sheep (HS), Dupor sheep (DS), and Small Tail Han sheep (STHS). The FTO and PLIN1 genes were genotyped using the insertion/deletion (InDel) method. A one-way ANOVA with SPSS 26.0 software (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA) was used to assess the effect of the InDel FTO and PLIN1 genes on morphometric traits. The results revealed significant associations between certain InDels and the morphometric traits in different breeds of sheep. Specifically, FTO-2 was significantly associated with cannon circumference (CaC) in HS rams and body height (BoH) in HS ewes (p < 0.05). FTO-2 was also significantly associated with chest width (ChW), CaC, head length (HeL), and coccyx length (CoL) in the STHS breed (p < 0.05). FTO-3 showed significant associations with BoH in HS rams and BoH, back height (BaH), ChW, and chest depth (ChD) in HS ewes (p < 0.05). FTO-3 was also significantly associated with ChW in the DS and STHS breeds (p < 0.05). FTO-5 was significantly associated with body weight (BoW) in the DS breed and BoH in the STHS breed (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PLIN1 was significantly related to BoW in the DS breed and was significantly associated with CoL and forehead width (FoW) in the STHS breed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the study suggested that InDels in the FTO and PLIN1 genes could provide practical information to improve morphometric traits in sheep breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junyan Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China; (X.W.)
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Bombarda-Rocha V, Silva D, Badr-Eddine A, Nogueira P, Gonçalves J, Fresco P. Challenges in Pharmacological Intervention in Perilipins (PLINs) to Modulate Lipid Droplet Dynamics in Obesity and Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4013. [PMID: 37568828 PMCID: PMC10417315 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15154013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Perilipins (PLINs) are the most abundant proteins in lipid droplets (LD). These LD-associated proteins are responsible for upgrading LD from inert lipid storage structures to fully functional organelles, fundamentally integrated in the lipid metabolism. There are five distinct perilipins (PLIN1-5), each with specific expression patterns and metabolic activation, but all capable of regulating the activity of lipases on LD. This plurality creates a complex orchestrated mechanism that is directly related to the healthy balance between lipogenesis and lipolysis. Given the essential role of PLINs in the modulation of the lipid metabolism, these proteins can become interesting targets for the treatment of lipid-associated diseases. Since reprogrammed lipid metabolism is a recognized cancer hallmark, and obesity is a known risk factor for cancer and other comorbidities, the modulation of PLINs could either improve existing treatments or create new opportunities for the treatment of these diseases. Even though PLINs have not been, so far, directly considered for pharmacological interventions, there are many established drugs that can modulate PLINs activity. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the involvement of PLINs in diseases related to lipid metabolism dysregulation and whether PLINs can be viewed as potential therapeutic targets for cancer and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Bombarda-Rocha
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dany Silva
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Allal Badr-Eddine
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
| | - Patrícia Nogueira
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Fresco
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (V.B.-R.); (D.S.); (A.B.-E.); (P.N.); (P.F.)
- UCIBIO–Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Afonso MB, Islam T, Magusto J, Amorim R, Lenoir V, Simões RF, Teixeira J, Silva LC, Wendum D, Jéru I, Vigouroux C, Castro RE, Oliveira PJ, Prip‐Buus C, Ratziu V, Gautheron J, Rodrigues CMP. RIPK3 dampens mitochondrial bioenergetics and lipid droplet dynamics in metabolic liver disease. Hepatology 2023; 77:1319-1334. [PMID: 36029129 PMCID: PMC10026966 DOI: 10.1002/hep.32756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) mediates NAFLD progression, but its metabolic function is unclear. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of RIPK3 in modulating mitochondria function, coupled with lipid droplet (LD) architecture in NAFLD. APPROACH AND RESULTS Functional studies evaluating mitochondria and LD biology were performed in wild-type (WT) and Ripk3-/- mice fed a choline-deficient, amino acid-defined (CDAA) diet for 32 and 66 weeks and in CRISPR-Cas9 Ripk3 -null fat-loaded immortalized hepatocytes. The association between hepatic perilipin (PLIN) 1 and 5, RIPK3, and disease severity was also addressed in a cohort of patients with NAFLD and in PLIN1 -associated familial partial lipodystrophy. Ripk3 deficiency rescued impairment in mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, and function in CDAA diet-fed mice and fat-loaded hepatocytes. Ripk3 deficiency was accompanied by a strong upregulation of antioxidant systems, leading to diminished oxidative stress upon fat loading both in vivo and in vitro. Strikingly, Ripk3-/- hepatocytes displayed smaller size LD in higher numbers than WT cells after incubation with free fatty acids. Ripk3 deficiency upregulated adipocyte and hepatic levels of LD-associated proteins PLIN1 and PLIN5. PLIN1 upregulation controlled LD structure and diminished mitochondrial stress upon free fatty acid overload in Ripk3-/- hepatocytes and was associated with diminished human NAFLD severity. Conversely, a pathogenic PLIN1 frameshift variant was associated with NAFLD and fibrosis, as well as with increased hepatic RIPK3 levels in familial partial lipodystrophy. CONCLUSIONS Ripk3 deficiency restores mitochondria bioenergetics and impacts LD dynamics. RIPK3 inhibition is promising in ameliorating NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta B. Afonso
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tawhidul Islam
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Julie Magusto
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Ricardo Amorim
- CNC ‐ Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Véronique Lenoir
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Rui F. Simões
- CNC ‐ Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Teixeira
- CNC ‐ Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liana C. Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dominique Wendum
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
- Service d'Anatomo‐Pathologie, Service d'Hépatologie, Centre de Référence Maladie Rare Maladies Inflammatoires des Voies Biliaires‐Hépatites Auto‐immunes, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Jéru
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
- Laboratoire commun de Biologie et Génétique Moléculaires, Hôpital Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Corinne Vigouroux
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
- Centre National de Référence des Pathologies Rares de l'Insulino‐Sécrétion et de l'Insulino‐Sensibilité, Service de Diabétologie et Endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Hôpital Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Rui E. Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo J. Oliveira
- CNC ‐ Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carina Prip‐Buus
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Vlad Ratziu
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Department of Hepatology, Assistance Publique‐Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié‐Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, and ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Gautheron
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Centre de Recherche Saint‐Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Xie H, Liu X, Zhou Q, Huang T, Zhang L, Gao J, Wang Y, Liu Y, Yan T, Zhang S, Wang CY. DNA Methylation Modulates Aging Process in Adipocytes. Aging Dis 2022; 13:433-446. [PMID: 35371604 PMCID: PMC8947842 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.0904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging has been recognized to be a highly complex biological health problem with a high risk of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, chronic bronchitis or emphysema, cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Particularly, age-related turnover in adipose tissue is a major contributor to metabolic syndromes and shortened lifespan. Adipocytes undergo senescence in early stage, which results in adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction, redistribution, and inflammation. The well-established association between DNA methylation (DNAm) and aging has been observed in the past few decades. Indeed, age-related alteration in DNAm is highly tissue-specific. This review intends to summarize the advancements how DNAm changes coupled with aging process in adipose tissue, by which DNAm regulates cellular senescence, metabolic function, adipokine secretion and beiging process in adipocytes. Elucidation of the effect of DNAm on adipose aging would have great potential to the development of epigenetic therapeutic strategies against aging-related diseases in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xie
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qing Zhou
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Teng Huang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jia Gao
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yuhan Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Yanjun Liu
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu & The affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tong Yan
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Shu Zhang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Drs. Cong-Yi Wang () or Shu Zhang (), the Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Cong-Yi Wang
- The Center for Biomedical Research, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Correspondence should be addressed to: Drs. Cong-Yi Wang () or Shu Zhang (), the Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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LONG-TERM IMPROVEMENT OF ADIPOCYTE INSULIN ACTION DURING BODY WEIGHT RELAPSE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY: A LONGITUDINAL COHORT STUDY. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2022; 18:683-692. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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8
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Axsom JE, Schmidt HD, Matura LA, Libonati JR. The Influence of Epigenetic Modifications on Metabolic Changes in White Adipose Tissue and Liver and Their Potential Impact in Exercise. Front Physiol 2021; 12:686270. [PMID: 34512374 PMCID: PMC8427663 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.686270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic marks are responsive to a wide variety of environmental stimuli and serve as important mediators for gene transcription. A number of chromatin modifying enzymes orchestrate epigenetic responses to environmental stimuli, with a growing body of research examining how changes in metabolic substrates or co-factors alter epigenetic modifications. Scope of Review: Here, we provide a systematic review of existing evidence of metabolism-related epigenetic changes in white adipose tissue (WAT) and the liver and generate secondary hypotheses on how exercise may impact metabolism-related epigenetic marks in these tissues. Major Conclusions: Epigenetic changes contribute to the complex transcriptional responses associated with WAT lipolysis, hepatic de novo lipogenesis, and hepatic gluconeogenesis. While these metabolic responses may hypothetically be altered with acute and chronic exercise, direct testing is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie E Axsom
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Smilow Translational Research Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Heath D Schmidt
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Lea Ann Matura
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joseph R Libonati
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Srivastava RAK, Hurley TR, Oniciu D, Adeli K, Newton RS. Discovery of analogues of non-β oxidizable long-chain dicarboxylic fatty acids as dual inhibitors of fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis: Efficacy of lead compound in hyperlipidemic hamsters reveals novel mechanism. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2021; 31:2490-2506. [PMID: 34172319 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Cholesterol and triglycerides are risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, appropriate cells and assays are required to discover and develop dual cholesterol and fatty acid inhibitors. A predictive hyperlipidemic animal model is needed to evaluate mechanism of action of lead molecule for therapeutic indications. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary hepatocytes from rat, hamster, rabbit, and humans were compared for suitability to screen compounds by de novo lipogenesis (DNL) using14C-acetate. Hyperlipidemic hamsters were used to evaluate efficacy and mode of action. In rat hepatocytes DNL assay, both the central moiety and carbon chain length influenced the potency of lipogenesis inhibition. In hyperlipidemic hamsters, ETC-1002 decreased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides by 41% and 49% at the 30 mg/kg dose. Concomitant decreases in non-esterified fatty acids (-34%) and increases in ketone bodies (20%) were associated with induction of hepatic CPT1-α. Reductions in proatherogenic VLDL-C and LDL-C (-71% and -64%) occurred partly through down-regulation of DGAT2 and up-regulation of LPL and PDK4. Activation of PLIN1 and PDK4 dampened adipogenesis and showed inverse correlation with adipose mass. Hepatic concentrations of cholesteryl ester and TG decreased by 67% and 64%, respectively. Body weight decreased with concomitant decreases in epididymal fat. Plasma and liver concentrations of ETC-1002 agreed with the observed dose-response efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, ETC-1002 reduced proatherogenic lipoproteins, hepatic lipids and adipose tissues in hyperlipidemic hamsters via induction of LPL, CPT1-α, PDK4, and PLIN1, and downregulation of DGAT2. These characteristics may be useful in the treatment of fatty livers that causes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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10
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Dungan WC, Garrett MR, Welch BA, Lawson WJ, Himel AR, Dungey A, Vick KD, Grayson BE. Whole genome transcriptome analysis of the stomach resected in human vertical sleeve gastrectomy: cutting more than calories. Physiol Genomics 2021; 53:193-205. [PMID: 33870723 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00082.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a surgical weight loss procedure that resects 80% of the stomach, creating a tube linking the esophagus to the duodenum. Because of the efficacy and relative simplicity of VSG, it is preferred in the United States, with VSG currently at >61% of bariatric surgeries performed. Surprisingly, there has never been a complete molecular characterization of the human stomach greater curvature's fundus and corpus. Here we compare and contrast the molecular makeup of these regions. We performed a prospective cohort study to obtain gastric tissue samples from patients undergoing elective VSG. Paired fundus and corpus samples were obtained. Whole genome transcriptome analysis was performed by RNA sequencing (N = 10), with key findings validated by qPCR (N = 24). Participants were primarily female (95.8%) and White (79.15%). Mean body mass index, body weight, and age were 46.1 kg/m2, 121.6 kg, and 43.29 yr, respectively. Overall, 432 gene transcripts were significantly different between the fundus and the corpus (P < 0.05). A significant correlation was found between the RNA sequencing dataset and qPCR validation, demonstrating robust gene expression differences between the fundus and the corpus. Significant genes included progastricsin, acidic chitinase, and gastokine 1 and 2 in both the fundus and the corpus. Of the very highly expressed genes in both regions, 87% were present in both the stomach's fundus and corpus, indicating substantial overlap. Despite significant overlap in the greater curvature gene signature, regional differences exist within the fundus and the corpus. Given that the mechanism of VSG is partly unresolved, the potential that the resected tissue may express genes that influence long-term body weight regulation is unknown and could influence VSG outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Dungan
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Michael R Garrett
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Bradley A Welch
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - William J Lawson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Alexandra R Himel
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Adam Dungey
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Kenneth D Vick
- Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Bernadette E Grayson
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Cooper PO, Haas MR, Noonepalle SKR, Shook BA. Dermal Drivers of Injury-Induced Inflammation: Contribution of Adipocytes and Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1933. [PMID: 33669239 PMCID: PMC7919834 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irregular inflammatory responses are a major contributor to tissue dysfunction and inefficient repair. Skin has proven to be a powerful model to study mechanisms that regulate inflammation. In particular, skin wound healing is dependent on a rapid, robust immune response and subsequent dampening of inflammatory signaling. While injury-induced inflammation has historically been attributed to keratinocytes and immune cells, a vast body of evidence supports the ability of non-immune cells to coordinate inflammation in numerous tissues and diseases. In this review, we concentrate on the active participation of tissue-resident adipocytes and fibroblasts in pro-inflammatory signaling after injury, and how altered cellular communication from these cells can contribute to irregular inflammation associated with aberrant wound healing. Furthering our understanding of how tissue-resident mesenchymal cells contribute to inflammation will likely reveal new targets that can be manipulated to regulate inflammation and repair.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Brett A. Shook
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; (P.O.C.); (M.R.H.); (S.k.R.N.)
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Obesity and diabetes have already become the second largest risk factor for cardiovascular disease. During the last decade, remarkable advances have been made in understanding the human genome's contribution to glucose homeostasis disorders and obesity. A few studies on rare mutations of candidate genes provide potential genetic targets for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. In this review, we discussed the detailed findings of these studies and the possible causalities between specific genetic variations and dysfunctions in energy or glucose homeostasis. We are optimistic that novel therapeutic strategies targeting these specific mutants for treating and preventing diabetes and obesity will be developed in the near future. RECENT FINDINGS Studies on rare genetic mutation-caused obesity or diabetes have identified potential genetic targets to decrease body weight or reduce the risk of diabetes. Rare mutations observed in lipodystrophy, obese, or diabetic human patients are promising targets in the treatment of diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Feng
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Brain Glycemic And Metabolism Control Department, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Rd, Basic Science Building L2024, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA
| | - Pingwen Xu
- The Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yanlin He
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Brain Glycemic And Metabolism Control Department, Louisiana State University, 6400 Perkins Rd, Basic Science Building L2024, Baton Rouge, LA, 70808, USA.
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13
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Guo X, Puttabyatappa M, Domino SE, Padmanabhan V. Developmental programming: Prenatal testosterone-induced changes in epigenetic modulators and gene expression in metabolic tissues of female sheep. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 514:110913. [PMID: 32562712 PMCID: PMC7397566 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal testosterone (T)-treated female sheep manifest peripheral insulin resistance and tissue-specific changes in insulin sensitivity with liver and muscle manifesting insulin resistance accompanied by inflammatory, oxidative and lipotoxic state. In contrast, visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissues are insulin sensitive in spite of VAT manifesting changes in inflammatory and oxidative state. We hypothesized that prenatal T-induced changes in tissue-specific insulin resistance arise from disrupted lipid storage and metabolism gene expression driven by changes in DNA and histone modifying enzymes. Changes in gene expression were assessed in liver, muscle and 4 adipose (VAT, SAT, epicardiac [ECAT] and perirenal [PRAT]) depots collected from control and prenatal T-treated female sheep. Prenatal T-treatment increased lipid droplet and metabolism genes PPARA and PLIN1 in liver, SREBF and PLIN1 in muscle and showed a trend for decrease in PLIN2 in PRAT. Among epigenetic modifying enzymes, prenatal T-treatment increased expression of 1) DNMT1 in liver and DNMT3A in VAT, PRAT, muscle and liver; 2) HDAC1 in ECAT, HDAC2 in muscle with decrease in HDAC3 in VAT; 3) EP300 in VAT and ECAT; and 4) KDM1A in VAT with increases in liver histone acetylation. Increased lipid storage and metabolism genes in liver and muscle are consistent with lipotoxicity in these tissues with increased histone acetylation likely contributing to increased liver PPARA. These findings are suggestive that metabolic defects in prenatal T-treated sheep may arise from changes in key genes mediated, in part, by tissue-specific changes in epigenetic-modifying enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingzi Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | | | - Steven E Domino
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA
| | - Vasantha Padmanabhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor MI, USA.
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14
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Shook BA, Wasko RR, Mano O, Rutenberg-Schoenberg M, Rudolph MC, Zirak B, Rivera-Gonzalez GC, López-Giráldez F, Zarini S, Rezza A, Clark DA, Rendl M, Rosenblum MD, Gerstein MB, Horsley V. Dermal Adipocyte Lipolysis and Myofibroblast Conversion Are Required for Efficient Skin Repair. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:880-895.e6. [PMID: 32302523 PMCID: PMC7853423 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mature adipocytes store fatty acids and are a common component of tissue stroma. Adipocyte function in regulating bone marrow, skin, muscle, and mammary gland biology is emerging, but the role of adipocyte-derived lipids in tissue homeostasis and repair is poorly understood. Here, we identify an essential role for adipocyte lipolysis in regulating inflammation and repair after injury in skin. Genetic mouse studies revealed that dermal adipocytes are necessary to initiate inflammation after injury and promote subsequent repair. We find through histological, ultrastructural, lipidomic, and genetic experiments in mice that adipocytes adjacent to skin injury initiate lipid release necessary for macrophage inflammation. Tamoxifen-inducible genetic lineage tracing of mature adipocytes and single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that dermal adipocytes alter their fate and generate ECM-producing myofibroblasts within wounds. Thus, adipocytes regulate multiple aspects of repair and may be therapeutic for inflammatory diseases and defective wound healing associated with aging and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Shook
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Renee R Wasko
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Omer Mano
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael Rutenberg-Schoenberg
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael C Rudolph
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado, Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bahar Zirak
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | | | - Simona Zarini
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Amélie Rezza
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11766, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11766, USA
| | - Damon A Clark
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael Rendl
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11766, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 11766, USA
| | - Michael D Rosenblum
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Mark B Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Valerie Horsley
- Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
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15
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Cathepsin B overexpression induces degradation of perilipin 1 to cause lipid metabolism dysfunction in adipocytes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:634. [PMID: 31959889 PMCID: PMC6971249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57428-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity, caused by the dysfunction of white adipose tissue (WAT), is reportedly accompanied by exacerbation of lipolysis. Perilipin 1 (PLIN1), which forms a coat around lipid droplets, interacts with several lipolysis proteins to regulate lipolysis. While it is known that perilipin family proteins are degraded in lysosomes, the underlying molecular mechanisms related to the downregulated expression of PLIN1 in obese WAT remain unknown. Recently, we found that lysosomal dysfunction originating from an abnormality of cathepsin B (CTSB), a lysosomal representative protease, occurs in obese WAT. Therefore, we investigated the effect of CTSB alterations on PLIN1 expression in obese WAT. PLIN1 protein disappeared and CTSB protein appeared in the cytoplasm of adipocytes in the early stage of obese WAT. Overexpression of CTSB reduced PLIN1 protein in 3T3L1 adipocytes, and treatment with a CTSB inhibitor significantly recovered this reduction. In addition, CTSB overexpression induced the dysfunction of lipolysis in 3T3L1 adipocytes. Therefore, we concluded that upregulation of CTSB induced the reduction of PLIN1 protein in obese WAT, resulting in lipolysis dysfunction. This suggests a novel pathology of lipid metabolism involving PLIN1 in adipocytes and that CTSB might be a therapeutic candidate molecule for obese WAT.
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16
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Synergistic Effects of Hyperandrogenemia and Obesogenic Western-style Diet on Transcription and DNA Methylation in Visceral Adipose Tissue of Nonhuman Primates. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19232. [PMID: 31848372 PMCID: PMC6917716 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a major reproductive disorder that is responsible for 80% of anovulatory infertility and that is associated with hyperandrogenemia, increased risk of obesity, and white adipose tissue (WAT) dysfunction. We have previously demonstrated that the combination of chronic testosterone (T) treatment and an obesogenic Western-style diet (WSD) exerts synergistic functional effects on WAT, leading to increased lipid accumulation in visceral adipocytes by an unknown mechanism. In this study, we examined the whole-genome transcriptional response in visceral WAT to T and WSD, alone and in combination. We observed a synergistic effect of T and WSD on gene expression, resulting in upregulation of lipid storage genes concomitant with adipocyte hypertrophy. Because DNA methylation is known to be associated with body fat distribution and the etiology of PCOS, we conducted whole-genome DNA methylation analysis of visceral WAT. While only a fraction of differentially expressed genes also exhibited differential DNA methylation, in silico analysis showed that differentially methylated regions were enriched in transcription factor binding motifs, suggesting a potential gene regulatory role for these regions. In summary, this study demonstrates that hyperandrogenemia alone does not induce global transcriptional and epigenetic response in young female macaques unless combined with an obesogenic diet.
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17
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Görücü Yılmaz Ş, Bozkurt H, Ndadza A, Thomford NE, Karaoğlan M, Keskin M, Benlier N, Dandara C. Childhood Obesity Risk in Relationship to Perilipin 1 ( PLIN1) Gene Regulation by Circulating microRNAs. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2019; 24:43-50. [PMID: 31851864 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is a growing public health burden in many countries. The lipid perilipin 1 (PLIN1) gene is involved in regulation of lipolysis, and thus represents a viable candidate mechanism for obesity genetics research in children. In addition, the regulation of candidate gene expression by circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) offers a new research venue for diagnostic innovation. We report new findings on associations among circulating miRNAs, regulation of the PLIN1 gene, and susceptibility to childhood obesity. In a sample of 135 unrelated subjects, 35 children with obesity (between ages 3 and 13) and 100 healthy controls (between ages 4 and 16), we examined the expression levels of four candidate miRNAs (hsa-miR-4777-3p, hsa-miR-642b-3p, hsa-miR-3671-1, and hsa-miR-551b-2) targeting the PLIN1 as measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in whole blood samples. We found that the full genetic model, including the four candidate miRNAs and the PLIN1 gene, explained a statistically significant 12.7% of the variance in childhood obesity risk (p = 0.0034). The four miRNAs together explained 10.1% of the risk (p = 0.008). The percentage of variation in childhood obesity risk explained by hsa-miR-642b-3p and age was 19%. In accordance with biological polarity of the observed association, for example, hsa-miR-642b-3p was upregulated, while the PLIN1 expression decreased in obese participants compared to healthy controls. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first clinical association study of these candidate miRNAs targeting the PLIN1 in childhood obesity. These data offer new molecular leads for future clinical biomarker and diagnostic discovery for childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şenay Görücü Yılmaz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Hakan Bozkurt
- Department of Neurology, Medical Park Hospital, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Arinao Ndadza
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Nicholas Ekow Thomford
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Murat Karaoğlan
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Keskin
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Necla Benlier
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Sanko University, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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18
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Sun Y, Li R, Zhai G, Zhang X, Wang Y. DNA methylation of the PLIN1 promoter downregulates expression in chicken lines. Arch Anim Breed 2019; 62:375-382. [PMID: 31807648 PMCID: PMC6852845 DOI: 10.5194/aab-62-375-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that Perilipin-1 (PLIN1) is subject to functional regulation by epigenetic modifications in women with obesity. However, whether chicken PLIN1 expression is regulated by DNA methylation is unknown. Here, Sequenom MassARRAY and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were conducted to analyze the promoter methylation status and expression of the PLIN1 gene in Northeast Agricultural University broiler lines divergently selected for abdominal fat content. We found that chicken PLIN1 expression was significantly higher in adipose tissue of fat-line broilers than in lean lines at 1-7 weeks of age, and was significantly positively correlated with abdominal fat percentage (AFP) in chicken adipose development (Pearson's r = 0.627 , P < 0.001 ). The region analyzed for DNA methylation was from - 12 to - 520 bp upstream of the translation start codon ATG, and had five CpG sites, where only the DNA methylation levels of CpG5 located at position - 490 bp were significantly higher in lean compared to fat chickens at 5 and 6 weeks ( P < 0.05 ) and were significantly negatively correlated with PLIN1 mRNA levels and AFP ( P < 0.05 ). These results shed new light on the regulation of hypertrophic growth in chicken adipose development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang 150030, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang 150030, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Guiying Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang 150030, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Xinyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang 150030, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang 150030, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China
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19
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Kerr AG, Sinha I, Dadvar S, Arner P, Dahlman I. Epigenetic regulation of diabetogenic adipose morphology. Mol Metab 2019; 25:159-167. [PMID: 31031182 PMCID: PMC6600120 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Hypertrophic white adipose tissue (WAT) morphology is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The mechanisms governing hyperplastic versus hypertrophic WAT expansion are poorly understood. We assessed if epigenetic modifications in adipocytes are associated with hypertrophic adipose morphology. A subset of genes with differentially methylated CpG-sites (DMS) in the promoters was taken forward for functional evaluation. Methods The study included 126 women who underwent abdominal subcutaneous biopsy to determine adipose morphology. Global transcriptome profiling was performed on WAT from 113 of the women, and CpG methylome profiling on isolated adipocytes from 78 women. Small interfering RNAs (siRNA) knockdown in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) was used to assess influence of specific genes on lipid storage. Results A higher proportion of CpG-sites were methylated in hypertrophic compared to hyperplastic WAT. Methylation at 35,138 CpG-sites was found to correlate to adipose morphology. 2,102 of these CpG-sites were also differentially methylated in T2D; 98% showed directionally consistent change in methylation in WAT hypertrophy and T2D. We identified 2,508 DMS in 638 adipose morphology-associated genes where methylation correlated with gene expression. These genes were over-represented in gene sets relevant to WAT hypertrophy, such as insulin resistance, lipolysis, extracellular matrix organization, and innate immunity. siRNA knockdown of ADH1B, AZGP1, C14orf180, GYG2, HADH, PRKAR2B, PFKFB3, and AQP7 influenced lipid storage and metabolism. Conclusion CpG methylation could be influential in determining adipose morphology and thereby constitute a novel antidiabetic target. We identified C14orf180 as a novel regulator of adipocyte lipid storage and possibly differentiation. Hypertrophic adipose morphology display a distinct adipocyte CpG-methylome profile. Adipose hypertrophy and type 2 diabetes display strong overlap in CpG-methylome profile. C14orf180 is a novel regulator of adipocyte lipid storage and possibly adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Kerr
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Sinha
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - S Dadvar
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Arner
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Dahlman
- Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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20
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We present a current perspective of epigenetic alterations that can lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the potential of dietary factors to counteract their actions. In addition, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of dietary treatments as epigenetic modifiers for disease prevention and therapy. RECENT FINDINGS Recent epigenome-wide association studies along with candidate gene approaches and functional studies in cell culture and animal models have delineated mechanisms through which nutrients, food compounds and dietary patterns may affect the epigenome. Several risk factors for CVD, including adiposity, inflammation and oxidative stress, have been associated with changes in histone acetylation, lower global DNA methylation levels and shorter telomere length. A surplus of macronutrients such as in a high-fat diet or deficiencies of specific nutrients such as folate and other B-vitamins can affect the activity of DNA methyltransferases and histone-modifying enzymes, affecting foetal growth, glucose/lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation and atherosclerosis. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols (resveratrol, curcumin) or epigallocatechin may activate deacetylases Sirtuins (SIRTs), histone deacetylases or acetyltransferases and in turn the response of inflammatory mediators. Adherence to cardioprotective dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), has been associated with altered methylation and expression of genes related to inflammation and immuno-competence. SUMMARY The mechanisms through which nutrients and dietary patterns may alter the cardiovascular epigenome remain elusive. The research challenge is to determine which of these nutriepigenetic effects are reversible, so that novel findings translate into effective dietary interventions to prevent CVD or its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Z. Kalea
- Institute of Liver and Digestive Health, Division of Medicine, University College London (UCL), UK
- Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (UCL), UK
- School of Human Sciences, London Metropolitan University, UK
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Temple University School of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica L. Buxton
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, UK
- School of Life Sciences, Pharmacy and Chemistry, Kingston University, UK
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