1
|
Zhang Q, Jin W, Wang H, Tang C, Zhao X, Wang Y, Sun L, Piao C. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and excessive autophagy by Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula via a CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway contributes to protect pancreatic β-cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118440. [PMID: 38885916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Jiedu Tongluo Tiaogan Formula (JTTF), a traditional Chinese herbal decoction, exhibits the potential to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and excessive autophagy, which are the risk factors for the abnormal development and progression of β cells. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to assess the effect of JTTF on pancreatic glucotoxicity by inhibiting ERS and excessive autophagy, for which db/db mice and INS-1 insulinoma cells were used. MATERIALS AND METHODS The chemical composition of the JTTF was analyzed by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS. Diabetic (db/db) mice were treated with distilled water or JTTF (2.4 and 7.2 g/kg/day) for 8 weeks. Furthermore, INS-1 cells induced by high glucose (HG) levels were treated with or without JTTF (50, 100, and 200 μg/mL) for 48 h to elucidate the protective mechanism of JTTF on glucose toxicity. The experimental methods included an oral glucose tolerance test, hematoxylin-eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, RT-qPCR, and acridine orange staining. RESULT 28 chemical components of JTTF were identified. Additionally, treatment with JTTF significantly decreased the severity of glycemic symptoms in the db/db mice. Moreover, the treatment partially restored glucose homeostasis in the db/db mice and protected the pancreatic β-cell function. JTTF protected INS-1 cells from HG injury by upregulating GSIS and PDX1, MafA mRNA expression. Further, treatment with JTTF downregulated GRP78 and ATF6 expression, whereas it inhibited Beclin-1 and LC3 activation. The treatment protected the cells from HG-induced ERS and excessive autophagy by downregulating the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. CONCLUSIONS The present study findings show that JTTF may protects β-cells by inhibiting the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway, which deepens our understanding of the effectiveness of JTTF as a treatment strategy against T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqi Jin
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Han Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Cheng Tang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhao
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China
| | - Liwei Sun
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130012, Jilin, China.
| | - Chunli Piao
- Shenzhen Hospital (Fu Tian) of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Meng J, Gao X, Liu X, Zheng W, Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun Z, Yin X, Zhou X. Effects of xenogeneic transplantation of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells combined with irbesartan on renal podocyte damage in diabetic rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:239. [PMID: 39080783 PMCID: PMC11289925 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is diabetic nephropathy (DN). Podocyte damage is an early event in the development of DN. Currently, there is no effective treatment strategy that can slow the progression of DN or reverse its onset. The role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation in diabetes and its complications has been extensively studied, and diabetic nephropathy has been a major focus. Irbesartan exerts reno-protective effects independent of lowering blood pressure, can reduce the incidence of proteinuria in rats, and is widely used clinically. However, it remains undetermined whether the combined utilization of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist irbesartan and MSCs could enhance efficacy in addressing DN. METHODS A commonly used method for modeling type 2 diabetic nephropathy (T2DN) was established using a high-fat diet and a single low-dose injection of STZ (35 mg/kg). The animals were divided into the following 5 groups: (1) the control group (CON), (2) the diabetic nephropathy group (DN), (3) the mesenchymal stem cells treatment group (MSCs), (4) the irbesartan treatment group (Irb), and (5) the combined administration group (MSC + Irb). MSCs (2 × 106 cells/rat) were injected every 10 days through the tail vein for a total of three injections; irbesartan (30 mg/kg/d) was administered by gavage. Additionally, the safety and homing of mesenchymal stem cells were verified using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. RESULTS The combination treatment significantly reduced the UACR, kidney index, IGPTT, HOMA-IR, BUN, serum creatine, and related inflammatory factor levels and significantly improved renal function parameters and the expression of proteins related to glomerular podocyte injury in rats. Moreover, MSCs can homing target to damaged kidneys. CONCLUSIONS Compared to the administration of MSCs or irbesartan alone, the combination of MSCs and irbesartan exerted better protective effects on glomerular podocyte injury, providing new ideas for the clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiao Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yinghao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Zhenquan Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiaoxing Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, 209 Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xu TC, Liu Y, Yu Z, Xu B. Gut-targeted therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:1-8. [PMID: 38292634 PMCID: PMC10824172 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. The global prevalence of T2DM has reached epidemic proportions, affecting approximately 463 million adults worldwide in 2019. Current treatments for T2DM include lifestyle modifications, oral antidiabetic agents, and insulin therapy. However, these therapies may carry side effects and fail to achieve optimal glycemic control in some patients. Therefore, there is a growing interest in the role of gut microbiota and more gut-targeted therapies in the management of T2DM. The gut microbiota, which refers to the community of microorganisms that inhabit the human gut, has been shown to play a crucial role in the regulation of glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Alterations in gut microbiota composition and diversity have been observed in T2DM patients, with a reduction in beneficial bacteria and an increase in pathogenic bacteria. This dysbiosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease by promoting inflammation and impairing gut barrier function. Several gut-targeted therapies have been developed to modulate the gut microbiota and improve glycemic control in T2DM. One potential approach is the use of probiotics, which are live microorganisms that confer health benefits to the host when administered in adequate amounts. Several randomized controlled trials have demonstrated that certain probiotics, such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species, can improve glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients. Mechanisms may include the production of short-chain fatty acids, the improvement of gut barrier function, and the reduction of inflammation. Another gut-targeted therapy is fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which involves the transfer of fecal material from a healthy donor to a recipient. FMT has been used successfully in the treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection and is now being investigated as a potential therapy for T2DM. A recent randomized controlled trial showed that FMT from lean donors improved glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients with obesity. However, FMT carries potential risks, including transmission of infectious agents and alterations in the recipient's gut microbiota that may be undesirable. In addition to probiotics and FMT, other gut-targeted therapies are being investigated for the management of T2DM, such as prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics. Prebiotics are dietary fibers that promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria, while synbiotics combine probiotics and prebiotics. Postbiotics refer to the metabolic products of probiotics that may have beneficial effects on the host. The NIH SPARC program, or the Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions, is a research initiative aimed at developing new therapies for a variety of health conditions, including T2DM. The SPARC program focuses on using electrical stimulation to activate peripheral nerves and organs, in order to regulate glucose levels in the body. The goal of this approach is to develop targeted, non-invasive therapies that can help patients better manage their diabetes. One promising area of research within the SPARC program is the use of electrical stimulation to activate the vagus nerve, which plays an important role in regulating glucose metabolism. Studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation can improve insulin sensitivity and lower blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM. Gut-targeted therapies, such as probiotics and FMT, have shown potential for improving glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in T2DM patients. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal dose, duration, and safety of these therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Cheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arte PA, Tungare K, Bhori M, Jobby R, Aich J. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with stem cells and antidiabetic drugs: a dualistic and future-focused approach. Hum Cell 2024; 37:54-84. [PMID: 38038863 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-01007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 90% of total diabetes mellitus cases all over the world. Obesity and lack of balance between energy intake and energy expenditure are closely linked to T2DM. Initial pharmaceutical treatment and lifestyle interventions can at times lead to remission but usually help alleviate it to a certain extent and the condition remains, thus, recurrent with the patient being permanently pharmaco-dependent. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent, self-renewing cells with the ability to secrete a variety of biological factors that can help restore and repair injured tissues. MSC-derived exosomes possess these properties of the original stem cells and are potentially able to confer superior effects due to advanced cell-to-cell signaling and the presence of stem cell-specific miRNAs. On the other hand, the repository of antidiabetic agents is constantly updated with novel T2DM disease-modifying drugs, with higher efficacy and increasingly convenient delivery protocols. Delving deeply, this review details the latest progress and ongoing studies related to the amalgamation of stem cells and antidiabetic drugs, establishing how this harmonized approach can exert superior effects in the management and potential reversal of T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Amol Arte
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India.
- Anatek Services PVT LTD, Sai Chamber, 10, Near Santacruz Railway Bridge, Sen Nagar, Santacruz East, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400055, India.
| | - Kanchanlata Tungare
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| | - Mustansir Bhori
- Inveniolife Technology PVT LTD, Office No.118, Grow More Tower, Plot No.5, Sector 2, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410210, India
| | - Renitta Jobby
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai-Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
- Amity Centre of Excellence in Astrobiology, Amity University Maharashtra, Mumbai-Pune Expressway, Bhatan, Panvel, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 410206, India
| | - Jyotirmoi Aich
- School of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, DY Patil Deemed to Be University, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400614, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar S, Senapati S, Bhattacharya N, Bhattacharya A, Maurya SK, Husain H, Bhatti JS, Pandey AK. Mechanism and recent updates on insulin-related disorders. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:5840-5856. [PMID: 37727490 PMCID: PMC10506040 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i25.5840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin, a small protein with 51 amino acids synthesized by pancreatic β-cells, is crucial to sustain glucose homeostasis at biochemical and molecular levels. Numerous metabolic dysfunctions are related to insulin-mediated altered glucose homeostasis. One of the significant pathophysiological conditions linked to the insulin associated disorder is diabetes mellitus (DM) (type 1, type 2, and gestational). Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major underlying causes of metabolic disorders despite its association with several physiological conditions. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is another pathophysiological condition that is associated with IR, hypertension, and obesity. Further, several other pathophysiological disorders/diseases are associated with the insulin malfunctioning, which include polycystic ovary syndrome, neuronal disorders, and cancer. Insulinomas are an uncommon type of pancreatic β-cell-derived neuroendocrine tumor that makes up 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. Literature revealed that different biochemical events, molecular signaling pathways, microRNAs, and microbiota act as connecting links between insulin disorder and associated pathophysiology such as DM, insuloma, neurological disorder, MS, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the insulin-related disorders and the underlying mechanisms associated with the pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Sabyasachi Senapati
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Neetu Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Dyal Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - Amit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | | | - Hadiya Husain
- Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India
| | - Abhay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad (Prayagraj) 211002, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Combinatory Effect and Modes of Action of Chrysin and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Streptozotocin/Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:ph16010034. [PMID: 36678531 PMCID: PMC9863970 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to see how chrysin and/or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) affected streptozotocin (STZ)/nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetic rats as an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Male Wistar rats were given a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 60 mg STZ/kg bodyweight (bw) 15 min after an i.p. injection of NA (120 mg/kg bw) to induce T2DM. The diabetic rats were given chrysin orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw every other day, BM-MSCs intravenously at a dose of 1 × 106 cells/rat/week, and their combination for 30 days after diabetes induction. The rats in the diabetic group displayed impaired oral glucose tolerance and a decrease in liver glycogen content and in serum insulin, C-peptide, and IL-13 levels. They also had significantly upregulated activities in terms of liver glucose-6-phosphatase and glycogen phosphorylase and elevated levels of serum free fatty acids, IL-1β, and TNF-α. In addition, the diabetic rats exhibited a significant elevation in the adipose tissue resistin protein expression level and a significant decrease in the expression of adiponectin, insulin receptor-beta subunit, insulin receptor substrate-1, and insulin receptor substrate-2, which were associated with a decrease in the size of the pancreatic islets and in the number of β-cells and insulin granules in the islets. The treatment of diabetic rats with chrysin and/or BM-MSCs significantly improved the previously deteriorated alterations, with chrysin combined with BM-MSCs being the most effective. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that combining chrysin with BM-MSCs produced greater additive therapeutic value than using them separately in NA/STZ-induced T2DM rats.
Collapse
|
7
|
Cai Y, Zang GY, Huang Y, Sun Z, Zhang LL, Qian YJ, Yuan W, Wang ZQ. Advances in neovascularization after diabetic ischemia. World J Diabetes 2022; 13:926-939. [PMID: 36437864 PMCID: PMC9693741 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v13.i11.926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the high incidence of diabetes around the world, ischemic complications cause a serious influence on people’s production and living. Neovascularization plays a significant role in its development. Therefore, neovascularization after diabetic ischemia has aroused attention and has become a hot spot in recent years. Neovascularization is divided into angiogenesis represented by atherosclerosis and arteriogenesis characterized by coronary collateral circulation. When mononuclear macrophages successively migrate to the ischemia anoxic zone after ischemia or hypoxia, they induce the secretion of cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor, activate signaling pathways such as classic Wnt and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) pathways, trigger oxidative stress response, activate endothelial progenitor cells or enter the glycolysis or lactic acid process and promote the formation of new blood vessels, remodeling them into mature blood vessels and restoring blood supply. However, the hypoglycemic condition has different impacts on neovascularization. Consequently, this review aimed to introduce the mechanisms of neovascularization after diabetic ischemia, increase our un-derstanding of diabetic ischemic complications and their therapies and provide more treatment options for clinical practice and effectively relieve patients’ pain. It is believed that in the near future, neovascularization will bring more benefits and hope to patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guang-Yao Zang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong-Jiang Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Shi MY, Liu L, Yang FY. Strategies to improve the effect of mesenchymal stem cell therapy on inflammatory bowel disease. World J Stem Cells 2022; 14:684-699. [PMID: 36188115 PMCID: PMC9516464 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v14.i9.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis and is an idiopathic, chronic inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa. The occurrence of IBD, causes irreversible damage to the colon and increases the risk of carcinoma. The routine clinical treatment of IBD includes drug treatment, endoscopic treatment and surgery. The vast majority of patients are treated with drugs and biological agents, but the complete cure of IBD is difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have become a new type of cell therapy for the treatment of IBD due to their immunomodulatory and nutritional functions, which have been confirmed in many clinical trials. This review discusses some potential mechanisms of MSCs in the treatment of IBD, summarizes the experimental results, and provides new insights to enhance the therapeutic effects of MSCs in future applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yue Shi
- School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Yangtze University, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fu-Yuan Yang
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434020, Hubei Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Refaie MMM, Rifaai RA, Fawzy MA, Shehata S. Dapagliflozin Guards Against Cadmium-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Modulation of IL6/STAT3 and TLR2/TNFα Signaling Pathways. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:916-928. [PMID: 36242756 PMCID: PMC9606062 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a common environmental pollutant that leads to severe cardiotoxic hazards. Several studies were carried out to protect the myocardium against Cd-induced cardiotoxicity. Up till now, no researches evaluated the protective effect of dapagliflozin (DAP) against Cd induced cardiotoxicity. Thus, we aimed to explore the role of DAP in such model with deep studying of the involved mechanisms. 40 male Wistar albino rats were included in current study. Cd (5 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 7 days to induce cardiotoxicity with or without co-administration of DAP in three different doses (2.5, 5, 10 mg/kg/day) orally for 7 days. Our data revealed that Cd could induce cardiotoxicity with significant increase in serum cardiac enzymes, heart weight, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), toll like receptor2 (TLR2), interleukin 6 (IL6) and caspase3 immunoexpression with abnormal histopathological changes. In addition, Cd significantly decreased the level of heme oxygenase1 (HO1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT3), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Co-administration of DAP could ameliorate Cd cardiotoxicity with significant improvement of the biochemical and histopathological changes. We found that DAP had protective properties against Cd induced cardiotoxicity and this may be due to its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic properties and modulation of IL6/STAT3 and TLR2/TNFα-signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M. M. Refaie
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Rehab Ahmed Rifaai
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Michael Atef Fawzy
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Sayed Shehata
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, 61511 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou Y, Zhang F, Xu F, Wang Q, Wu J, Peng W, Dong W. lncRNA NEAT1 regulates CYP1A2 and influences steroid-induced necrosis. Open Life Sci 2021; 16:969-980. [PMID: 34595348 PMCID: PMC8439265 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2021-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The main cause of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head (SNFH) is excessive glucocorticoid (GC) intake. The aim of this article was to investigate the role of lncRNA NEAT1 as a molecular sponge to adsorb miR-23b-3p and regulate CYP1A2 in SNFH. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to localize lncRNA NEAT1. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) were collected from patients with SNFH. The expression of lncRNA NEAT1, miR-23b-3p and CYP1A2 in hBMSCs were intervened. Compared to the control group, the lncRNA NEAT1 and CYP1A2 expression in the SNFH group was increased, while miR-23b-3p expression was decreased. GCs could inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and upregulate the expression of lncRNA NEAT1. Knockdown of lncRNA NEAT1 could promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in the SNFH group. Overexpression of miR-23b-3p could partially counteract the effect of lncRNA NEAT1 on hBMSCs. CYP1A2 was confirmed to be a target of miR-23b-3p. Overexpression of CYP1A2 could partially rescue the effect of miR-23b-3p overexpression on hBMSCs. In conclusion, lncRNA NEAT1 as a ceRNA can adsorb miR-23b-3p and promote the expression of CYP1A2, which then inhibits the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs and promotes the progress of SNFH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Zhou
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Fengyang Xu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Jianhua Wu
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Wuxun Peng
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| | - Wentao Dong
- Department of Trauma Orthopedics, The Affliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Khamis T, Abdelalim AF, Saeed AA, Edress NM, Nafea A, Ebian HF, Algendy R, Hendawy DM, Arisha AH, Abdallah SH. Breast milk MSCs upregulated β-cells PDX1, Ngn3, and PCNA expression via remodeling ER stress /inflammatory /apoptotic signaling pathways in type 1 diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 905:174188. [PMID: 34004210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is one of the autoimmune diseases characterized by beta-cell dysfunction with serious health complications. Br-MSCs represent a novel valid candidate in regenerative medicine disciplines. Yet, the full potential of Br-MSCs in managing type 1 diabetes remains elusive. Indeed, this study was designed to explore a novel approach investigating the possible regenerative capacity of Br-MSCs in type1 diabetic islet on the level of the cellular mRNA expression of different molecular pathways involved in pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction. Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 3 groups (20 rats each); the control group, type1 diabetic group, and the type 1 diabetic Br-MSCs treated group. And, for the first time, our results revealed that intraperitoneally transplanted Br-MSCs homed to the diabetic islet and improved fasting blood glucose, serum insulin level, pancreatic oxidative stress, upregulated pancreatic mRNA expression for: regenerative markers (Pdx1, Ngn3, PCNA), INS, beta-cell receptors (IRS1, IRβ, PPARγ), pancreatic growth factors (IGF-1, VEGFβ1, FGFβ), anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL10) and anti-apoptotic marker (BCL2) too, Br-MSCs downregulated pancreatic mRNA expression for: inflammatory markers (NFKβ, TNFα, IL1β, IL6, IL8, MCP1), apoptotic markers for both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways (FAS, FAS-L, P53, P38, BAX, Caspase3), ER stress markers (ATF6, ATF3, ATF4, BIP, CHOP, JNK, XBP1) and autophagy inhibitor (mTOR). In conclusion, Br-MSCs could be considered as a new insight in beta cell regenerative therapy improving the deteriorated diabetic islet microenvironment via modulating; ER stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic signaling pathways besides, switching on the cellular quality control system (autophagy) thus enhancing beta-cell function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Khamis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Abdelalim F Abdelalim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Saeed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nagah M Edress
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Alaa Nafea
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Huda F Ebian
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Reem Algendy
- Department of Milk Hygiene, Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Doaa M Hendawy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Hamed Arisha
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Somia Hassan Abdallah
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, 44511, Zagazig, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kyei-Barffour I, Kwarkoh RKB, Arthur OD, Akwetey SA, Acheampong DO, Aboagye B, Brah AS, Amponsah IK, Adokoh CK. Alkaloidal extract from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides stimulates insulin secretion in normoglycemic and nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07452. [PMID: 34278033 PMCID: PMC8267442 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Increase in the prevalence of type-2 diabetes in Sub-Sahara Africa has created the need for robust treatment and management programs. However, an effective diabetes management program requires a high annual budget that most countries in this region cannot afford. That said, various plants and plant products in this region have either been confirmed and/or ethnopharmacologically used for the management of type-2 diabetes. Aim To investigate the antidiabetic and insulin secretory effects of an alkaloidal extract derived from Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides in normoglycemic and experimental diabetic rats. Materials and methods Alkaloidal extract was prepared from leaves of Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloides (ZZAE). Nicotinamide/streptozotocin-induced type-2 diabetes was modeled in male Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 130 to 150 g. The experimental diabetic rats were grouped into six treatment groups [Model, 20% Tween20, chlorpropamide, and ZZAE (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg)], and one control group. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), and body weight were measured weekly. Rats were sacrificed 2 days after treatment under chloroform anesthesia to collect blood samples and to isolate major organs for biochemical, and histological analyses respectively. Islets of Langerhans were isolated from normoglycemic rats and co-cultured with ZZAE and chlorpropamide (10 μg/mL) to assess the insulin secretory effect of ZZAE. Results ZZAE improved glucose kinetics curve in normoglycemic (p < 0.001) and experimental diabetic rats (p < 0.05) compared to the model. ZZAE (100 and 150 mg/kg) restored islets population, and improved kidney, and liver, histoarchitecture. ZZAE (150 mg/kg) improved post-treatment serum insulin levels compared to the model group (p < 0.001) and the Chlorpropamide group (p < 0.05). ZZAE also restored glycogen synthesis in skeletal muscles of experimental diabetic rats and stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic islets of Langerhans isolated from normoglycemic rats. Conclusion These results showed that ZZAE has active alkaloids that can be explored for diabetes management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kyei-Barffour
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
- Corresponding author.
| | - Roselind Kyei Baah Kwarkoh
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ophelia Duke Arthur
- Department of Medical Laboratory and Diagnostics, Euracare Advance Diagnostic Center, Labone, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Addo Akwetey
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Desmond Omane Acheampong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Aboagye
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Augustine Suurinobah Brah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Isaac Kingsley Amponsah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Unkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Christian Kweku Adokoh
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Nesti L, Tricò D, Mengozzi A, Natali A. Rethinking pioglitazone as a cardioprotective agent: a new perspective on an overlooked drug. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2021; 20:109. [PMID: 34006325 PMCID: PMC8130304 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-021-01294-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 1985, the thiazolidinedione pioglitazone has been widely used as an insulin sensitizer drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although fluid retention was early recognized as a safety concern, data from clinical trials have not provided conclusive evidence for a benefit or a harm on cardiac function, leaving the question unanswered. We reviewed the available evidence encompassing both in vitro and in vivo studies in tissues, isolated organs, animals and humans, including the evidence generated by major clinical trials. Despite the increased risk of hospitalization for heart failure due to fluid retention, pioglitazone is consistently associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke both in primary and secondary prevention, without any proven direct harm on the myocardium. Moreover, it reduces atherosclerosis progression, in-stent restenosis after coronary stent implantation, progression rate from persistent to permanent atrial fibrillation, and reablation rate in diabetic patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation. In fact, human and animal studies consistently report direct beneficial effects on cardiomyocytes electrophysiology, energetic metabolism, ischemia–reperfusion injury, cardiac remodeling, neurohormonal activation, pulmonary circulation and biventricular systo-diastolic functions. The mechanisms involved may rely either on anti-remodeling properties (endothelium protective, inflammation-modulating, anti-proliferative and anti-fibrotic properties) and/or on metabolic (adipose tissue metabolism, increased HDL cholesterol) and neurohormonal (renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, sympathetic nervous system, and adiponectin) modulation of the cardiovascular system. With appropriate prescription and titration, pioglitazone remains a useful tool in the arsenal of the clinical diabetologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Nesti
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy. .,Cardiopulmonary Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Domenico Tricò
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mengozzi
- Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Andrea Natali
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.,Cardiopulmonary Laboratory, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Li HL, Hao GM, Tang SJ, Sun HH, Fang YS, Pang X, Liu H, Ji Q, Wang XR, Tian JY, Jiang KX, Song XZ, Zhu RX, Han J, Wang W. HuoXue JieDu formula improves diabetic retinopathy in rats by regulating microRNAs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113616. [PMID: 33271246 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE HuoXue JieDu Formula (HXJDF) originates from classical formulas and was formed based on clinical experience. It is composed of Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold, Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen, the roots of Anguina kirilowii (Maxim.) Kuntze, and Coptis omeiensis (C. Chen) C.Y.Cheng. HXJDF prevents the deterioration of diabetic retinopathy. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the effects of HXJDF on diabetic retinopathy in rats and investigate the roles of miRNAs in the effects of HXJDF. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (65 mg/kg) was used to induce diabetes in rats. Rats were divided into three groups: normal, diabetic, and diabetic + HXJDF. Rats were treated with HXJDF (15.4 g/kg) or water by oral gavage for twelve weeks. At the end of the treatment, rats were anaesthetized, and retinal haemodynamic changes were measured. Then, the retinas were removed and examined by haematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and TUNEL assays. In addition, miRNA expression profiling was performed using miRNA microarrays and further validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Diabetes reduced peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (MV) and central retinal vein velocity (CRV) but increased the resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI). In addition, in the diabetic group, retinal cell arrangement was disordered and loosely arranged, the retinal thickness and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) number decreased, and retinal cell apoptosis increased. In addition, 11 miRNAs were upregulated and 4 miRNAs were downregulated. After treatment, HXJDF improved retinal haemodynamics and morphologic changes, restored retinal thickness and RGC number and decreased retinal cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the changes in miRNA expression were significantly abolished by HXJDF. CONCLUSION HXJDF may prevent DR by regulating the expression of miRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Li Li
- College of Traditional Chinese, Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Gai-Mei Hao
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Shi-Jie Tang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese, Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong-Sheng Fang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xinxin Pang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Hanying Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese, Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Qingxuan Ji
- College of Traditional Chinese, Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xi-Rui Wang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing-Yun Tian
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Kun-Xiu Jiang
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Xing-Zhuo Song
- College of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Rui-Xin Zhu
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Han
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese, Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Luo W, Chen X, Ye L, Chen X, Jia W, Zhao Y, Samorodov AV, Zhang Y, Hu X, Zhuang F, Qian J, Zheng C, Liang G, Wang Y. Kaempferol attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy by downregulating TRAF6 expression: The role of TRAF6 in diabetic nephropathy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113553. [PMID: 33152432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Kaempferia rhizome is a famous traditional herbal medical in tropical and subtropical areas. Kaempferol (KPF) is one of the main bioactive compounds in Kaempferia rhizome, with anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory effects demonstrated in various disease models, including cancers, obesity and diabetes. AIM OF THE STUDY Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). TRAF6 functions as a signal transducer in toll-like receptor 4 and NF-κB pro-inflammatory signaling pathway. We aimed at investigate whether KPF is able to mitigate inflammatory responses by regulating TRAF6 in DN. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6 mice were injected with streptozotocin to induce type 1 DN. NRK-52E, a tubular epithelial cell line, was used for in vitro analysis. TRAF6 was knockdown using siRNA in vitro and AAV2/2-shRNA in vivo. The anti-DN and inflammatory effects of KPF or knockdown of TRAF6 were evaluated by investigating renal filtration index, pathological changes of kidney tissue. Proinflammatory cytokine levels were detected using ELISA. NF-κB pathway and protein levels of related pathways were detected through Western blot. RESULTS KPF significantly reduced renal inflammation, fibrosis, and kidney dysfunction in diabetic mice. These effects were associated with a downregulation of TRAF6 in diabetic mouse kidneys, indicating the potential role of TRAF6. Knockdown of TRAF6 in mice through AAV2-shTRAF6 confirmed the importance of TRAF6 in DN. In vitro, treatment of KPF in NRK-52E cells attenuated high glucose (HG)-induced inflammatory and fibrogenic responses, associated with downregulated TRAF6 expression. The conclusion was further confirmed in NRK-52E cells by knocking down the expression and by overexpression of TRAF6. CONCLUSION Our findings provide direct evidence that TRAF6 mediates diabetes-induced inflammation leading to renal dysfunction. We also show that KPF is a potential therapeutic agent to reduce inflammatory responses in DN. Also, TRAF6 may represent an interesting target to combat DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Luo
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xiaojun Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Department of Pharmaceutics, Wenzhou Nursing School, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, China.
| | - Lin Ye
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Wenjing Jia
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Yanni Zhao
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Aleksandr V Samorodov
- Department of Pharmacology, Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa City, 450005, Russia.
| | - Yali Zhang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Xueting Hu
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Fei Zhuang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Jianchang Qian
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| | - Chao Zheng
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 323000, China.
| | - Guang Liang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Chemical Biology Research Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China; Zhuji Biomedicine Institute, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhuji, Zhejiang, 311800, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Konda PY, Chennupati V, Dasari S, Sharma N, Muthulingam M, Ramakrishnan R, Sade A, Jagadheeshkumar V, Natesan V, Jaiswal KK. Ethno-pharmacological insulin signaling induction of aqueous extract of Syzygium paniculatum fruits in a high-fat diet induced hepatic insulin resistance. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113576. [PMID: 33171270 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The ethnopharmacological significance of the fruits of Syzygium paniculatum Gaertn (Magenta Cherry) is widely recognized in the Indian traditional medicine system to treat various disorders, such as diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular problems. AIM OF THE STUDY This research work investigated the supplementation of the aqueous extract of S. paniculatum fruit (AESPF) on liver function; the molecular effects on the expression of the protein of insulin receptor (IR) and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) in high-fat diet-induced hepatic insulin resistance in the rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS High-fat diet was used to induce obesity in albino Wistar for 120 days. Biochemical, enzymatic, and histopathological analysis, as well as analysis of hepatic insulin resistance proteins and expression of IRS-1, were performed. RESULTS The supplementation of AESPF with a dose of 100 mg/kg bw significantly reduced bodyweight, blood sugar, insulin, lipid profiles, and liver enzymes. Hepatic insulin resistance was improved with a reduced level of IR and IRS-1 to protein levels. HFD alters the sensitivity of hepatocytes to insulin due to the down-regulation of insulin receptor proteins. CONCLUSIONS The fruits of S. paniculatum possess biological activities to alleviate all risky effects by regulating hepatic lipogenesis activity that can be used in the progress of medication for HFD-induced hepatic insulin resistance and metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vidyasagar Chennupati
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517 502, India
| | - Sreenivasulu Dasari
- Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517 502, India
| | - Nishesh Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India
| | - Muthukumaran Muthulingam
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014, India
| | - Ranjani Ramakrishnan
- Department of Virology, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517 502, India
| | - Ankanna Sade
- Department of Botany, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517 502, India
| | | | - Vijayakumar Natesan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, 608 002, India.
| | - Krishna Kumar Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248 007, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Habib HA, Heeba GH, Khalifa MMA. Effect of combined therapy of mesenchymal stem cells with GLP-1 receptor agonist, exenatide, on early-onset nephropathy induced in diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 892:173721. [PMID: 33159934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is the principal cause of end-stage renal failure and current interventions for its recession remains unsatisfactory. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold an attractive source for renovating injured tissues. Unfortunately, limited self-renewal and migration capacity of MSCs after transplantation hinder their clinical applicability which demands a new policy for enhancing their biological functions. This study aimed to investigate whether the renoprotective potential of adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) in diabetic rats could be promoted by exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue. These effects were studied in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats which were administrated ADMSCs, exenatide or their combination four weeks post-induction. Four weeks later, renal function parameters were evaluated. To address the possible underlying mechanisms, parameters indicating glycolipid metabolism tolerance and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed in renal tissues alongside evaluation of protein expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-beta1 and cleaved caspase-3. The results showed that the combined therapy had superior renoprotective effect as evident by significant improvement in kidney function and renal architecture changes through rebalancing of inflammatory, fibrotic and apoptotic markers. Based on these outcomes, ADMSCs with exenatide were supposed to effectively ameliorate diabetic renal dysfunction compared to ADMSCs solely, presenting a promise therapy for diabetic nephropathy with further clinical studies warranted to validate this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Gehan H Heeba
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed M A Khalifa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Therapeutic effect of curcumin and C60 fullerene against hyperglycemia-mediated tissue damage in diabetic rat lungs. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2021; 53:25-38. [PMID: 33411205 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09861-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that diabetes also targets lung tissues resulting in structural and physiological abnormalities. The present study evaluated the impact of pristine C60 fullerene (C60) against diabetes-induced lung damage for the first time. The objective was to evaluate the impacts of Curcumin (Cur), C60 and C60 fullerene+Curcumin (C60 + Cur) combination on oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, CAT, GST, Retinol, α-tocopherol), apoptosis (Caspase-3, Bcl-2), cholesterol and fatty acid profile (16:0,18:0,18:1,18:2, 22:4, 22:6) against changes in the lung tissue of diabetic rats. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used for inducing diabetes with Cur, C60 and C60 + Cur combination administered for eight weeks to treat diabetic and control rats. Increased oxidative stress, apoptosis and significant changes in cell structure were observed in the lung tissues of diabetic rats. The combination of Cur, C60 and C60 + Cur reduced oxidative stress in the lung tissue of diabetic rats while increasing the antioxidant defense capacity of the tissue, exhibiting tissue protective properties against apoptosis. The diabetic rats displayed favorable properties against lipotoxicity-induced tissue damage due to the increase in the fatty acid and cholesterol levels in lung tissue. It was observed that Cur, C60 and C60 + Cur combination displays protective effects against hyperglycemia induced oxidative damage to lung tissue. Oxidative stress, prevention of lipid and cholesterol accumulation, and weakening of lung apoptosis may be associated with these effects.
Collapse
|
19
|
Taha HS, Moustafa EM, Moawed FSM, Hegazy MGA. Curative role of mesenchymal stromal cells in chronic pancreatitis: Modulation of MAPK and TGF-β1/SMAD factors. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211054036. [PMID: 34696610 PMCID: PMC8552371 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211054036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Living organisms respond to physical, chemical, and biological threats with a potent inflammatory response which alters organ cell signaling and leads to dysfunction. We evaluated the therapeutic effect of bone marrow-based mesenchymal stromal cell (BM-MSC) transplanted in rats to preserve tissue integrity and to restore homeostasis and function in the pancreatitis experimental pattern. METHODS This study involved 40 adult male Wister rats. Repeated L-arginine injections caused chronic pancreatitis (CP), leading to the development of pancreatic damage and shifting the intracellular signaling pathways. Rats were then infused with BM-MSC labeled with PKH26 fluorescent linker dye for 12 weeks. RESULTS Cell-surface indicators of BM-MSCs such as CD 90 and CD29 were expressed with the lack of CD34 expression. BM-MSC treatment considerably improved the alterations induced in a series of inflammatory markers, including IL-18, TNF-α, CRP, PGE2, and MCP-1. Furthermore, improvement was found in digestive enzymes and lipid profile with amelioration in myeloperoxidase activity. BM-MSC treatment also regulated the (TGF-/p-38MPAK/SMAD2/3) signaling factors that enhances repair of damaged pancreatic tissue, confirmed by reversed alteration of histopathological examination. CONCLUSION our results further bring to light the promise of cell transplant therapy for chronic pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hager S Taha
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas M Moustafa
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma SM Moawed
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research & Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa GA Hegazy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang C, Jiang Y, Yu K, Liu K, Wang H. Anhuienoside C Attenuates Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy Rats. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820939010. [PMID: 33013249 PMCID: PMC7513418 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820939010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study evaluated the nephroprotective effects of anhuienoside C
(AC) against diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rats. Material and Methods: Diabetic nephropathy was induced by administration of a high-fat diet (HFD)
for 8 weeks and intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 30
mg/kg) at the end of the fourth week of this protocol. Effects of AC on
blood glucose levels, renal function markers, and mediators of inflammation
in the serum of DN rats were assessed. Results: Anhuienoside C treatment reduced the blood glucose levels and attenuated the
increased levels of renal injury markers in DN rats. Anhuienoside C also
increased podocyte counts; alleviated the changes in podocin, desmin, and
nephrin protein levels; and ameliorated the altered pathophysiology in the
kidney tissues induced by DN. Compared with the DN group, the levels of
inflammatory markers and mediators of oxidative stress were reduced in the
serum and kidney tissues of the AC-treated groups. Moreover, treatment with
AC ameliorates the altered expression of podocin, nephrin, and desmin
proteins in the renal tissue of HFD/STZ-induced kidney-injured rats. Conclusion: In conclusion, AC protected against podocyte injury by regulating nuclear
factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells/protein kinase B
pathway in a rat model of DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengjian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Yingsong Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Keping Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Demir E, Aslan A. Protective effect of pristine C60 fullerene nanoparticle in combination with curcumin against hyperglycemia-induced kidney damage in diabetes caused by streptozotocin. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13470. [PMID: 32914898 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to examine the protective effects of C60 fullerene (C60), Curcumin (CUR; Curcuma longa), C60 + CUR combination against oxidative stress, apoptosis, and changes in cellular level in kidney tissue of diabetic rats. Treatment practices were administered separately to groups for 8 weeks following the approval of diabetes induction. It was observed that the treatment groups had increased antioxidant potential, decreased oxidative stress levels, decreased cholesterol, alpha tocopherol, retinol levels along with improved important changes in fatty acid metabolism compared with the diabetic group. C60, CUR, and C60 + CUR were also determined to act in the direction of reducing kidney damage by activating apoptotic pathways. It can be concluded based on these findings that C60, CUR, and especially C60 + CUR combination has beneficial properties in maintaining kidney tissue and function by effectively preventing oxidative stress, apoptotic changes, and changes at the cellular level in kidney tissue under hyperglycemia conditions. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: C60 and CUR have various biological activities which can be indicated as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective. It has been reported that C60 and CUR protect the cells against oxidative injury brought about by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Data acquired from the present study puts forth that C60 and C60 + CUR may be promising agents to prevent damage induced by hyperglycemic conditions in kidney tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ersin Demir
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Aslan
- Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Faculty of Science, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Boye A, Acheampong DO, Gyamerah EO, Asiamah EA, Addo JK, Mensah DA, Brah AS, Ayiku PJ. Glucose lowering and pancreato-protective effects of Abrus Precatorius (L.) leaf extract in normoglycemic and STZ/Nicotinamide - Induced diabetic rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 258:112918. [PMID: 32360561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Abrus precatorius (L.) leaves are used as folk medicine by the local communities in the western region of Ghana to treat diabetes mellitus; however, this health claim remains unverified scientifically. OBJECTIVE The study investigated glucose lowering and pancreato-protective effects of Abrus precatorius leaf extract (APLE) in normoglycemic and STZ/nicotinamide (NIC)-induced diabetic rats. METHOD after preparation of APLE, it was subjected to phytochemical screening, proximate composition and elemental assessments by using standard methods. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and maltose, lactose and sucrose oral challenge were assessed in normoglycemic rats post-APLE. Morphological characteristics of glucose response curve (time of glucose peak and shape of glucose response curve) were determined. Subsequently, diabetes mellitus was experimentally established in normoglycaemic adult Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 150-250 g) of both sexes by sequential injection of Streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg ip)-reconstituted in sodium citrate buffer and NIC (110 mg/kg ip)-reconstituted in normal saline (1:1 v/v) for 16 weeks. Except control rats (normal saline 5 ml/kg ip; baseline fasting blood glucose [FBG] of 6.48 mmol/L), rats having FBG (stable at 11.1 mmol/L or ≥ 250 mg/dL) 3 days post-STZ/NIC injection were randomly re-assigned to one of the following groups: model (STZ/NIC-induced diabetic rats), APLE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively po) and metformin (300 mg/kg po) and treated daily for 28 days. Bodyweight and FBG were measured on weekly basis. FBG was measured by using standard glucometers. On day 28, rats were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia, blood collected via cardiac puncture; kidney, liver and pancreas surgically harvested. While the pancreas was processed, sectioned and H&E-stained for histological examination, fresh kidney and liver were homogenized for assessment of total anti-oxidant capacity. Median cross-sectional area of pancreatic islets of Langerhans was determined for each group by using Amscope. RESULTS Cumulatively, APLE (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively) dose-dependently decreased the initial FBG by 55.22, 76.15 and 77.77% respectively compared to model (-1.04%) and metformin (72.29%) groups. APLE treatment recovered damaged pancreatic β-cells and also increased median cross-sectional area (x106 μm2) of pancreatic islets compared to that of model group. APLE significantly (P < 0.05) increased total anti-oxidant capacity (5.21 ± 0.02 AscAE μg/mL) of plasma, kidney and liver compared to model (4.06 ± 0.04 AscAE μg/mL) and metformin (4.87 ± 0.03 AscAE μg/mL) groups. CONCLUSION APLE has demonstrated glucose lowering and pancreato-protective effects in rats and arrested the characteristic loss in bodyweight associated with diabetes mellitus. This finding preliminarily confirms folk use of APLE as an anti-diabetic herbal medicine, whiles providing a rationale for further translational studies on APLE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex Boye
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
| | - Desmond Omane Acheampong
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Eric Ofori Gyamerah
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ernest Amponsah Asiamah
- Departments of Forensic Science, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Justice Kwaku Addo
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Derrick Addae Mensah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Augustine Suurinobah Brah
- Department of Biomedical Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Philippa Jennifer Ayiku
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Adiponectin Stimulates Exosome Release to Enhance Mesenchymal Stem-Cell-Driven Therapy of Heart Failure in Mice. Mol Ther 2020; 28:2203-2219. [PMID: 32652045 PMCID: PMC7351027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are cultured adult stem cells that originally reside in virtually all tissues, and the gain of MSCs by transplantation has become the leading form of cell therapy in various diseases. However, there is limited knowledge on the alteration of its efficacy by factors in recipients. Here, we report that the cardioprotective properties of intravenously injected MSCs in a mouse model of pressure-overload heart failure largely depend on circulating adiponectin, an adipocyte-secreted factor. The injected MSCs exert their function through exosomes, extracellular vesicles of endosome origin. Adiponectin stimulated exosome biogenesis and secretion through binding to T-cadherin, a unique glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored cadherin, on MSCs. A pharmacological or adenovirus-mediated genetic increase in plasma adiponectin enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs. Our findings provide novel insights into the importance of adiponectin in mesenchymal-progenitor-mediated organ protections.
Collapse
|
24
|
Arjmand B, Sarvari M, Alavi-Moghadam S, Payab M, Goodarzi P, Gilany K, Mehrdad N, Larijani B. Prospect of Stem Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine in Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:430. [PMID: 32719657 PMCID: PMC7347755 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cell therapy and regenerative medicine can hold the promise of restoring normal tissues structure and function. Additionally, the main targets of stem cell-based therapies are chronic diseases and lifelong disabilities without definite cures such as osteoporosis. Osteoporosis as one of the important causes of morbidity in older men and post-menopausal women is characterized by reduced bone quantity or skeletal tissue atrophy that leads to an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures. The common therapeutic methods for osteoporosis only can prevent the loss of bone mass and recover the bone partially. Nevertheless, stem cell-based therapy is considered as a new approach to regenerate the bone tissue. Herein, mesenchymal stem cells as pivotal candidates for regenerative medicine purposes especially bone regeneration are the most common type of cells with anti-inflammatory, immune-privileged potential, and less ethical concerns than other types of stem cells which are investigated in osteoporosis. Based on several findings, the mesenchymal stem cells effectiveness near to a great extent depends on their secretory function. Indeed, they can be involved in the establishment of normal bone remodeling via initiation of specific molecular signaling pathways. Accordingly, the aim herein was to review the effects of stem cell-based therapies in osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Babak Arjmand
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Sarvari
- Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Alavi-Moghadam
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Goodarzi
- Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Integrative Oncology Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACER), Tehran, Iran
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACER), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Mehrdad
- Elderly Health Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tong X, Ganta RR, Liu Z. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates autophagy, inflammation and immunity and contributes to osteoclast differentiation and functionabs. Biol Cell 2020; 112:251-264. [PMID: 32445585 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells, responsible for bone resorption. Osteoclast differentiation and function requires a series of cytokines to remove the old bone, which coordinates with the induction of bone remodelling by osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Studies have demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) play a negative regulatory role in osteoclast differentiation and function. Research involving AMPK, a nutrient and energy sensor, has primarily focused on osteoclast differentiation and function; thus, its role in autophagy, inflammation and immunity remains poorly understood. Autophagy is a conservative homoeostatic mechanism of eukaryotic cells, and response to osteoclast differentiation and function; however, how it interacts with inflammation remains unclear. Additionally, based on the regulatory function of different AMPK subunits for osteoclast differentiation and function, its activation is regulated by upstream factors to perform bone metabolism. This review summarises the critical role of AMPK-mediated autophagy, inflammation and immunity by upstream and downstream signalling during receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand-induced osteoclast differentiation and function. This pathway may provide therapeutic targets for bone-related diseases, as well as function as a biomarker for bone homoeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, USA.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Roman R Ganta
- Center of Excellence for Vector-Borne Diseases, Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, 66502, USA
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China.,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Stavely R, Nurgali K. The emerging antioxidant paradigm of mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:985-1006. [PMID: 32497410 PMCID: PMC7445024 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (multipotent stromal cells; MSCs) have been under investigation for the treatment of diverse diseases, with many promising outcomes achieved in animal models and clinical trials. The biological activity of MSC therapies has not been fully resolved which is critical to rationalizing their use and developing strategies to enhance treatment efficacy. Different paradigms have been constructed to explain their mechanism of action, including tissue regeneration, trophic/anti-inflammatory secretion, and immunomodulation. MSCs rarely engraft and differentiate into other cell types after in vivo administration. Furthermore, it is equivocal whether MSCs function via the secretion of many peptide/protein ligands as their therapeutic properties are observed across xenogeneic barriers, which is suggestive of mechanisms involving mediators conserved between species. Oxidative stress is concomitant with cellular injury, inflammation, and dysregulated metabolism which are involved in many pathologies. Growing evidence supports that MSCs exert antioxidant properties in a variety of animal models of disease, which may explain their cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. In this review, evidence of the antioxidant effects of MSCs in in vivo and in vitro models is explored and potential mechanisms of these effects are discussed. These include direct scavenging of free radicals, promoting endogenous antioxidant defenses, immunomodulation via reactive oxygen species suppression, altering mitochondrial bioenergetics, and donating functional mitochondria to damaged cells. Modulation of the redox environment and oxidative stress by MSCs can mediate their anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties and may offer an explanation to the diversity in disease models treatable by MSCs and how these mechanisms may be conserved between species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhian Stavely
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kulmira Nurgali
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Western Centre for Health, Research and Education, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine Western Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cells Program, Australian Institute of Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Metzger JM, Matsoff HN, Zinnen AD, Fleddermann RA, Bondarenko V, Simmons HA, Mejia A, Moore CF, Emborg ME. Post mortem evaluation of inflammation, oxidative stress, and PPARγ activation in a nonhuman primate model of cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226999. [PMID: 31910209 PMCID: PMC6946159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac dysautonomia is a common nonmotor symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD) associated with loss of sympathetic innervation to the heart and decreased plasma catecholamines. Disease-modifying strategies for PD cardiac neurodegeneration are not available, and biomarkers of target engagement are lacking. Systemic administration of the catecholaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) recapitulates PD cardiac dysautonomia pathology. We recently used positron emission tomography (PET) to visualize and quantify cardiac sympathetic innervation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in adult male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta; n = 10) challenged with 6-OHDA (50mg/kg; i.v.). Twenty-four hours post-intoxication, the animals were blindly and randomly assigned to receive daily doses of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist pioglitazone (n = 5; 5mg/kg p.o.) or placebo (n = 5). Quantification of PET radioligand uptake showed increased oxidative stress and inflammation one week after 6-OHDA which resolved to baseline levels by twelve weeks, at which time pioglitazone-treated animals showed regionally preserved sympathetic innervation. Here we report post mortem characterization of heart and adrenal tissue in these animals compared to age and sex matched normal controls (n = 5). In the heart, 6-OHDA-treated animals showed a significant loss of sympathetic nerve fibers density (tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive fibers). The anatomical distribution of markers of sympathetic innervation (TH) and inflammation (HLA-DR) significantly correlated with respective in vivo PET findings across left ventricle levels and regions. No changes were found in alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity. Additionally, CD36 protein expression was increased at the cardiomyocyte intercalated discs following PPARγ-activation compared to placebo and control groups. Systemic 6-OHDA decreased adrenal medulla expression of catecholamine producing enzymes (TH and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase) and circulating levels of norepinephrine, which were attenuated by PPARγ-activation. Overall, these results validate in vivo PET findings of cardiac sympathetic innervation, oxidative stress, and inflammation and illustrate cardiomyocyte CD36 upregulation as a marker of PPARγ target engagement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette M. Metzger
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Helen N. Matsoff
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Alexandra D. Zinnen
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Rachel A. Fleddermann
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Viktoriya Bondarenko
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Heather A. Simmons
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Andres Mejia
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Colleen F. Moore
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
| | - Marina E. Emborg
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology Graduate Program, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mohsen ROM, Halawa AM, Hassan R. Role of bone marrow-derived stem cells versus insulin on filiform and fungiform papillae of diabetic albino rats (light, fluorescent and scanning electron microscopic study). Acta Histochem 2019; 121:812-822. [PMID: 31358295 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2019.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by high blood glucose levels. DM affects many body's organs and caused by insulin production deficiency or by the ineffectiveness of the produced insulin. Administration of exogenous insulin is required for management of type I DM; however, it does not cure the disease. Bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have been highlighted to offer a novel cell based approach for treatment of diabetes because of their anti-diabetic effect, direct differentiation into a variety of cell types, or release of paracrine factors. AIM To examine the effect of BM-MSCs versus insulin on true filiform and fungiform papillae of diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty six male Wistar albino rats weighing 200-250 g were equally divided into: Control group (Gp I): Rats did not receive any drug. Diabetic group (Gp II): Rats received a single intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg). BM-MSCs treated diabetic group (Gp III): After DM confirmation; rats received a single intravenous injection of BM-MSCs (million units) through tail vein. Insulin treated diabetic group (Gp IV): After DM confirmation; rats received a daily subcutaneous injection of insulin (5IU/kg). After four weeks, half of the tongue specimens were processed and stained by Hematoxyline & Eosin and Anti-proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Anti-PCNA) then examined by light microscope. Fluorescent microscope was used to detect homing of injected labeled BM-MSCs in rats' filiform and fungiform papillae. While the other half were examined by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS True filiform and fungiform papillae of Gp II showed significant histological and morphological alterations. In treated groups, Gp III and Gp IV, both papillae showed marked improvements, being more noticeable in Gp IV. There was a significant increase in the number of Anti-PCNA positive cells and a significant decrease in fasting blood glucose level in Gp III and Gp IV in comparison to Gp II. CONCLUSIONS DM had degenerative effects on true filiform and fungiform papillae. Administration of BM-MSCs reduced the deleterious effects of DM on both papillae. Insulin injection caused more obvious improvements in both papillae of diabetic rats than BM-MSCs.
Collapse
|