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Krasley A, Li E, Galeana JM, Bulumulla C, Beyene AG, Demirer GS. Carbon Nanomaterial Fluorescent Probes and Their Biological Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3085-3185. [PMID: 38478064 PMCID: PMC10979413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent carbon nanomaterials have broadly useful chemical and photophysical attributes that are conducive to applications in biology. In this review, we focus on materials whose photophysics allow for the use of these materials in biomedical and environmental applications, with emphasis on imaging, biosensing, and cargo delivery. The review focuses primarily on graphitic carbon nanomaterials including graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, as well as carbon dots and carbon nanohoops. Recent advances in and future prospects of these fields are discussed at depth, and where appropriate, references to reviews pertaining to older literature are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew
T. Krasley
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Eugene Li
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jesus M. Galeana
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Chandima Bulumulla
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Abraham G. Beyene
- Janelia
Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, Virginia 20147, United States
| | - Gozde S. Demirer
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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2
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Algarra M, Soto J, Pino-González MS, Gonzalez-Munoz E, Dučić T. Multifunctionalized Carbon Dots as an Active Nanocarrier for Drug Delivery to the Glioblastoma Cell Line. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13818-13830. [PMID: 38559983 PMCID: PMC10976390 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-based nanocarriers represent a viable alternative to conventional direct administration in cancer cells. This advanced approach employs the use of nanotechnology to transport therapeutic agents directly to cancer cells, thereby reducing the risk of damage to healthy cells and enhancing the efficacy of treatment. By approving nanoparticle-based nanocarriers, the potential for targeted, effective treatment is greatly increased. The so-called carbon-based nanoparticles, or carbon dots, have been hydrothermally prepared and initiated by a polymerization process. We synthesized and characterized nanoparticles of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, which showed biocompatibility with glioblastoma cells, and further, we tested them as a carrier for the drug riluzole. The obtained nanoparticles have been extensively characterized by techniques to obtain the exact composition of their surface by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, as well as cryo-transmission electron microscopy. We found that the surface of the synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) is covered mainly by sulfonated, carboxylic, and substituted amide groups. These functional groups make them suitable as carriers for drug delivery in cancer cells. Specifically, we have successfully utilized the NPs as a delivery system for the drug riluzole, which has shown efficacy in treating glioblastoma cancer cells. The effect of nanoparticles as carriers for the riluzole system on glioblastoma cells was studied using live-cell synchrotron-based FTIR microspectroscopy to monitor in situ biochemical changes. After applying nanoparticles as nanocarriers, we have observed changes in all biomacromolecules, including the nucleic acids and protein conformation. These findings provide a strong foundation for further exploration into the development of targeted treatments for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Algarra
- INAMAT—Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics,
Dept. Science, Public University of Navarra, Campus Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Juan Soto
- Dept.
Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Málaga, Avda. Cervantes, 2, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Elena Gonzalez-Munoz
- Instituto
de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma
en Nanomedicina-IBIMA Plataforma BIONAND., C/Severo Ochoa, 35, 29590 Málaga, Spain
- Dept.
Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University
of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Tanja Dučić
- ALBA-CELLS
Synchrotron Light Source, Consorcio para
la Construccion Equipamiento y Explotacion del Laboratorio de Luz
Sincrotron, C. de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Yadav SK, Das S, Lincon A, Saha S, BoseDasgupta S, Ray SK, Das S. Gelatin-decorated Graphene oxide: A nanocarrier for delivering pH-responsive drug for improving therapeutic efficacy against atherosclerotic plaque. Int J Pharm 2024; 651:123737. [PMID: 38176480 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The progressive inflammatory disease atherosclerosis promotes myocardial infarction, stroke, and heart attack. Anti-inflammatory drugs treat severe atherosclerosis. They are inadequate bioavailability and cause adverse effects at higher doses. A new nanomaterial coupled pH-apperceptive drug delivery system for atherosclerotic plaque is outlined here. We have synthesized a Graphene Oxide-Gelatin-Atorvastatin (GO-Gel-ATR) nanodrug characterized by spectroscopic and imaging techniques. The encapsulation efficiency of GO-Gel-ATR (79.2%) in the loading process is observed to be better than GO-ATR (66.8%). The internal milieu of the plaque cells has a pH of 6.8. The GO-Gel-ATR displays sustained and cumulative release profile at pH 6.8 compared to ATR and GO-ATR. Our proposed nanocomposite demonstrated high cytocompatibility up to 100μg/mL in foam cells induced by Oxidized-Low Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) compared to normal macrophages for 24 and 48 h. The uptake efficacy of the nanodrugs is shown to be enhanced in foam cells compared to normal macrophage. Oil red O staining of foam cells with and without drugs confirmed therapeutic efficacy. Foam cells treated with nanocomposite had more lipids efflux than ATR. The finding of the in-vitro study reveals that the GO-Gel-ATR nanocomposite carriers have the potential to deliver anti-atherosclerotic drugs effectively and inhibit atherosclerotic plaque progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Yadav
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Shreyasi Das
- School of Nano Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Abhijit Lincon
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Saradindu Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Somdeb BoseDasgupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Samit K Ray
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumen Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, West Bengal, India.
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4
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Mai S, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles and Organoids: A Prospective Advanced Model for Pancreatic Cancer Research. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1066. [PMID: 38256139 PMCID: PMC10817028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, notorious for its grim 10% five-year survival rate, poses significant clinical challenges, largely due to late-stage diagnosis and limited therapeutic options. This review delves into the generation of organoids, including those derived from resected tissues, biopsies, pluripotent stem cells, and adult stem cells, as well as the advancements in 3D printing. It explores the complexities of the tumor microenvironment, emphasizing culture media, the integration of non-neoplastic cells, and angiogenesis. Additionally, the review examines the multifaceted properties of graphene oxide (GO), such as its mechanical, thermal, electrical, chemical, and optical attributes, and their implications in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. GO's unique properties facilitate its interaction with tumors, allowing targeted drug delivery and enhanced imaging for early detection and treatment. The integration of GO with 3D cultured organoid systems, particularly in pancreatic cancer research, is critically analyzed, highlighting current limitations and future potential. This innovative approach has the promise to transform personalized medicine, improve drug screening efficiency, and aid biomarker discovery in this aggressive disease. Through this review, we offer a balanced perspective on the advancements and future prospects in pancreatic cancer research, harnessing the potential of organoids and GO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwona Inkielewicz-Stepniak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-210 Gdańsk, Poland;
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5
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Barba-Rosado LV, Carrascal-Hernández DC, Insuasty D, Grande-Tovar CD. Graphene Oxide (GO) for the Treatment of Bone Cancer: A Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:186. [PMID: 38251150 PMCID: PMC10820493 DOI: 10.3390/nano14020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe disease that, in 2022, caused more than 9.89 million deaths worldwide. One worrisome type of cancer is bone cancer, such as osteosarcoma and Ewing tumors, which occur more frequently in infants. This study shows an active interest in the use of graphene oxide and its derivatives in therapy against bone cancer. We present a systematic review analyzing the current state of the art related to the use of GO in treating osteosarcoma, through evaluating the existing literature. In this sense, studies focused on GO-based nanomaterials for potential applications against osteosarcoma were reviewed, which has revealed that there is an excellent trend toward the use of GO-based nanomaterials, based on their thermal and anti-cancer activities, for the treatment of osteosarcoma through various therapeutic approaches. However, more research is needed to develop highly efficient localized therapies. It is suggested, therefore, that photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and the use of nanocarriers should be considered as non-invasive, more specific, and efficient alternatives in the treatment of osteosarcoma. These options present promising approaches to enhance the effectiveness of therapy while also seeking to reduce side effects and minimize the damage to surrounding healthy tissues. The bibliometric analysis of photothermal and photochemical treatments of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide from January 2004 to December 2022 extracted 948 documents with its search strategy, mainly related to research papers, review papers, and conference papers, demonstrating a high-impact field supported by the need for more selective and efficient bone cancer therapies. The central countries leading the research are the United States, Iran, Italy, Germany, China, South Korea, and Australia, with strong collaborations worldwide. At the same time, the most-cited papers were published in journals with impact factors of more than 6.0 (2021), with more than 290 citations. Additionally, the journals that published the most on the topic are high impact factor journals, according to the analysis performed, demonstrating the high impact of the research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemy Vanessa Barba-Rosado
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
| | - Domingo César Carrascal-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
- Departamento de Química y Biología, División de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia;
| | - Daniel Insuasty
- Departamento de Química y Biología, División de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 Vía Puerto Colombia, Barranquilla 081007, Colombia;
| | - Carlos David Grande-Tovar
- Grupo de Investigación en Fotoquímica y Fotobiología, Programa de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Atlántico, Puerto Colombia 081008, Colombia; (L.V.B.-R.); (D.C.C.-H.)
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6
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Maleki P, Dinari A, Jahangiri B, Raheb J. In vitro assessments of nanoplexes of polyethylenimine-coated graphene oxide-plasmid through various cancer cell lines and primary mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295822. [PMID: 38096179 PMCID: PMC10720998 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient gene therapy relies on an efficient gene delivery system. Viral gene delivery approaches excel in transferring and expressing external genes; however, their immunogenicity and difficulty in large-scale production limit their clinical applications. In contrast, nanoparticle-based gene delivery systems have gained increasing attention due to less immunogenicity and more convenience for large-scale production. Nevertheless, their poor transfection efficiency compared to viral systems remains a significant obstacle. In the present study, we investigated the transfection efficiency of our PEI-coated graphene oxides in HEK293T, Calu-3, Calu-6 cell lines, and primary human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (MSC). The high surface ratio and good biocompatibility of graphene oxide make it an appealing tool for gene delivery systems. However, the low dispersity of graphene oxide in aqueous environments is the first barrier that needs to be conquered. For this, we enhanced the dispersity and stability of graphene oxide in water by sonicating it for at least 5 hours at a pH of 7. Then, graphene oxide was conjugated with branched PEI (25 kDa) to have a positive charge, enabling it to condense nucleic acids with a naturally negative potential. The physio-chemical characteristics of our synthesized nano-carriers (GO-PEI) were determined by DLS, FT-IR, and AFM. The utilized plasmid in polyplexes contained a GFP gene, allowing us to verify transfection efficiency through fluorescent microscopy and flow cytometry. While GO-PEI carriers were highly efficient in transfecting HEK293T cells, the transfection efficiency in MSCs and Calu-3 cells was notably low. We suppose that the main reason for the low transfection efficiency of GO-PEI in these cells is due to its higher toxicity. Despite this, considering the various advantages of graphene oxide in drug delivery as well as its optical and electrical applications in biomedicine, we propose to functionalize graphene oxide with more biocompatible materials to enhance its potential as a successful gene carrier in these cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parichehr Maleki
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Dinari
- Research Center for Nanorobotics in Brain, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Babak Jahangiri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jamshid Raheb
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Medical Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Lee B, Gries K, Valimukhametova AR, McKinney RL, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Topkiran UC, Coffer J, Akkaraju GR, Naumov AV. In Vitro Prostate Cancer Treatment via CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing Facilitated by Polyethyleneimine-Derived Graphene Quantum Dots. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2023; 33:2305506. [PMID: 38144446 PMCID: PMC10746168 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202305506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 is a programmable gene editing tool with a promising potential for cancer gene therapy. This therapeutic function is enabled in the present work via the non-covalent delivery of CRISPR ribonucleic protein (RNP) by cationic glucosamine/PEI-derived graphene quantum dots (PEI-GQD) that aid in overcoming physiological barriers and tracking genes of interest. PEI-GQD/RNP complex targeting the TP53 mutation overexpressed in ~50% of cancers successfully produces its double-stranded breaks in solution and in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Restoring this cancer "suicide" gene can promote cellular repair pathways and lead to cancer cell apoptosis. Its repair to the healthy form performed by simultaneous PEI-GQD delivery of CRISPR RNP and a gene repair template leads to a successful therapeutic outcome: 40% apoptotic cancer cell death, while having no effect on non-cancerous HeK293 cells. The translocation of PEI-GQD/RNP complex into PC3 cell cytoplasm is tracked via GQD intrinsic fluorescence, while EGFP-tagged RNP is detected in the cell nucleus, showing the successful detachment of the gene editing tool upon internalization. Using GQDs as non-viral delivery and imaging agents for CRISPR-Cas9 RNP sets the stage for image-guided cancer-specific gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Klara Gries
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Ryan L. McKinney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
| | | | - Ugur C. Topkiran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Jeffery Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
| | | | - Anton V. Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX
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8
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Uddin MM, Kabir MH, Ali MA, Hossain MM, Khandaker MU, Mandal S, Arifutzzaman A, Jana D. Graphene-like emerging 2D materials: recent progress, challenges and future outlook. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33336-33375. [PMID: 37964903 PMCID: PMC10641765 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04456d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to the unique physical and chemical properties of 2D materials and the great success of graphene in various applications, the scientific community has been influenced to explore a new class of graphene-like 2D materials for next-generation technological applications. Consequently, many alternative layered and non-layered 2D materials, including h-BN, TMDs, and MXenes, have been synthesized recently for applications related to the 4th industrial revolution. In this review, recent progress in state-of-the-art research on 2D materials, including their synthesis routes, characterization and application-oriented properties, has been highlighted. The evolving applications of 2D materials in the areas of electronics, optoelectronics, spintronic devices, sensors, high-performance and transparent electrodes, energy conversion and storage, electromagnetic interference shielding, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and nanocomposites are discussed. In particular, the state-of-the-art applications, challenges, and outlook of every class of 2D material are also presented as concluding remarks to guide this fast-progressing class of 2D materials beyond graphene for scientific research into next-generation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mohi Uddin
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram-4349 Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Humaun Kabir
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram-4349 Bangladesh
| | - Md Ashraf Ali
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram-4349 Bangladesh
| | - Md Mukter Hossain
- Department of Physics, Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chattogram-4349 Bangladesh
| | - Mayeen Uddin Khandaker
- Faculty of Graduate Studies, Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar Dhaka 1216 Bangladesh
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University 47500 Bandar Sunway Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sumit Mandal
- Vidyasagar College 39, Sankar Ghosh Lane Kolkata 700006 West Bengal India
| | - A Arifutzzaman
- Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork Lee Maltings Cork T12 R5CP Ireland
| | - Debnarayan Jana
- Department of Physics, University of Calcutta 92 A P C Road Kolkata 700009 West Bengal India
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Strojny-Cieślak B, Jaworski S, Wierzbicki M, Pruchniewski M, Sosnowska-Ławnicka M, Szczepaniak J, Lange A, Koczoń P, Zielińska-Górska M, Chwalibóg ES. The cytocompatibility of graphene oxide as a platform to enhance the effectiveness and safety of silver nanoparticles through in vitro studies. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-30151-1. [PMID: 37824053 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30151-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the need to reduce the use of antibiotics call for the development of safe alternatives, such as silver nanoparticles. However, their potential cytotoxic effect needs to be addressed. Graphene oxide provides a large platform that can increase the effectiveness and safety of silver nanoparticles. Graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles complex applied as a part of an innovative material might have direct contact with human tissues, such as skin, or might be inhaled from aerosol or exfoliated pieces of the complex. Thereby, the safety of the prepared complex has to be evaluated carefully, employing a range of methods. We demonstrated the high cytocompatibility of graphene oxide and the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex toward human cell lines, fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2), and lung epithelial cells (A549). The supporting platform of graphene oxide also neutralized the slight toxicity of bare silver nanoparticles. Finally, in studies on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the number of bacteria reduction was observed after incubation with silver nanoparticles and the graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex. Our findings confirm the possibility of employing a graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles complex as a safe agent with reduced silver nanoparticles' cytotoxicity and antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Strojny-Cieślak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Wierzbicki
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Pruchniewski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Malwina Sosnowska-Ławnicka
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Szczepaniak
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Lange
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Koczoń
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marlena Zielińska-Górska
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz Chwalibóg
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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10
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AbouAitah K, Sabbagh F, Kim BS. Graphene Oxide Nanostructures as Nanoplatforms for Delivering Natural Therapeutic Agents: Applications in Cancer Treatment, Bacterial Infections, and Bone Regeneration Medicine. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2666. [PMID: 37836307 PMCID: PMC10574074 DOI: 10.3390/nano13192666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, fullerenes, diamond, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots are just a few of the carbon-based nanomaterials that have gained enormous popularity in a variety of scientific disciplines and industrial uses. As a two-dimensional material in the creation of therapeutic delivery systems for many illnesses, nanosized graphene oxide (NGO) is now garnering a large amount of attention among these materials. In addition to other benefits, NGO functions as a drug nanocarrier with remarkable biocompatibility, high pharmaceutical loading capacity, controlled drug release capability, biological imaging efficiency, multifunctional nanoplatform properties, and the power to increase the therapeutic efficacy of loaded agents. Thus, NGO is a perfect nanoplatform for the development of drug delivery systems (DDSs) to both detect and treat a variety of ailments. This review article's main focus is on investigating surface functionality, drug-loading methods, and drug release patterns designed particularly for smart delivery systems. The paper also examines the relevance of using NGOs to build DDSs and considers prospective uses in the treatment of diseases including cancer, infection by bacteria, and bone regeneration medicine. These factors cover the use of naturally occurring medicinal substances produced from plant-based sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AbouAitah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (K.A.); (F.S.)
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Farzaneh Sabbagh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (K.A.); (F.S.)
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea; (K.A.); (F.S.)
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11
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Valimukhametova AR, Lee BH, Topkiran UC, Gries K, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Coffer JL, Akkaraju G, Naumov A. Cancer Therapeutic siRNA Delivery and Imaging by Nitrogen- and Neodymium-Doped Graphene Quantum Dots. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:3425-3434. [PMID: 37255435 PMCID: PMC11334710 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
While small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology has become a powerful tool that can enable cancer-specific gene therapy, its translation to the clinic is still hampered by the inability of the genes alone to cell transfection, poor siRNA stability in blood, and the lack of delivery tracking capabilities. Recently, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have emerged as a novel platform allowing targeted drug delivery and fluorescence image tracking in visible and near-infrared regions. These capabilities can aid in overcoming primary obstacles to siRNA therapeutics. Here, for the first time, we utilize biocompatible nitrogen- and neodymium-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs and Nd-NGQDs, respectively) for the delivery of Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) siRNA effective against a variety of cancer types. GQDs loaded with siRNA noncovalently facilitate successful siRNA transfection into HeLa cells, confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy at biocompatible GQD concentrations of 375 μg/mL. While the GQD platform provides visible fluorescence tracking, Nd doping enables deeper-tissue near-infrared fluorescence imaging suitable for both in vitro and in vivo applications. The therapeutic efficacy of the GQD/siRNA complex is verified by successful protein knockdown in HeLa cells at nanomolar siEGFR and siKRAS concentrations. A range of GQD/siRNA loading ratios and payloads are tested to ultimately provide substantial inhibition of protein expression down to 31-45%, comparable with conventional Lipofectamine-mediated delivery. This demonstrates the promising potential of GQDs for the nontoxic delivery of siRNA and genes in general, complemented by multiwavelength image tracking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina R Valimukhametova
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
| | - Bong Han Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
| | - Ugur C Topkiran
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
| | - Klara Gries
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | | | - Jeffery L Coffer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
| | - Giridhar Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
| | - Anton Naumov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth 76129, Texas, United States
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12
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Lazarev S, Uzhviyuk S, Rayev M, Timganova V, Bochkova M, Khaziakhmatova O, Malashchenko V, Litvinova L, Zamorina S. Interaction of Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles with Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Visualized in the Cell-IQ System. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104148. [PMID: 37241889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide is a promising nanomaterial with many potential applications. However, before it can be widely used in areas such as drug delivery and medical diagnostics, its influence on various cell populations in the human body must be studied to ensure its safety. We investigated the interaction of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the Cell-IQ system, evaluating cell viability, mobility, and growth rate. GO nanoparticles of different sizes coated with linear or branched polyethylene glycol (P or bP, respectively) were used at concentrations of 5 and 25 μg/mL. Designations were the following: P-GOs (Ø 184 ± 73 nm), bP-GOs (Ø 287 ± 52 nm), P-GOb (Ø 569 ± 14 nm), and bP-GOb (Ø 1376 ± 48 nm). After incubating the cells with all types of nanoparticles for 24 h, the internalization of the nanoparticles by the cells was observed. We found that all GO nanoparticles used in this study exerted a cytotoxic effect on hMSCs when used at a high concentration (25 μg/mL), whereas at a low concentration (5 μg/mL) a cytotoxic effect was observed only for bP-GOb particles. We also found that P-GOs particles decreased cell mobility at a concentration of 25 μg/mL, whereas bP-GOb particles increased it. Larger particles (P-GOb and bP-GOb) increased the rate of movement of hMSCs regardless of concentration. There were no statistically significant differences in the growth rate of cells compared with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Lazarev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Sofya Uzhviyuk
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Olga Khaziakhmatova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Vladimir Malashchenko
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Larisa Litvinova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, 236041 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Svetlana Zamorina
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences-Branch of Perm Federal Research Center, 614081 Perm, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
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13
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Chen Y, Szkopek T, Cerruti M. Supramolecular temperature responsive assembly of polydopamine reduced graphene oxide. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023. [PMID: 37098724 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00202k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) colloidal systems can directly respond to environmental stimuli such as pH, ionic strength, and light by themselves, but not to temperature. Here we show that surface modification of rGO with polydopamine (PDA) leads to a temperature-responsive composite material, even though neither rGO nor PDA have intrinsic temperature responsiveness. Reducing GO with dopamine results in rGO/PDA flakes with hydrophilic PDA clusters attached to hydrophobic rGO domains, which mimics the amphiphilic structure of temperature responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The rGO/PDA flakes self-assemble at temperature higher than 30 °C, causing flake aggregation and precipitation in suspensions with concentration of 0.05 g L-1, which is reversible upon cooling, shaking, and re-heating. A solution-to-gelation transition occurs upon heating suspensions with concentration of 10 g L-1. Nacre-like films and porous monoliths are obtained by drying rGO/PDA suspensions at different concentrations. Films and porous monoliths obtained by drying suspensions that are previously self-assembled through heat have more compact structures compared to those obtained with suspensions that are not heated. Overall, this work introduces the concept of supramolecular temperature responsive assembly of nanomaterials (STRAN), i.e., that temperature response can be introduced in nanomaterials by combining non-responsive components that function cooperatively in supramolecules, whose interactions with solvents can be modulated by temperature changes, mimicking what happens in macromolecular systems such as PNIPAM. STRAN could be applied to nanomaterials beyond GO to develop responsive systems whose self-assembly in suspension and architectural features realized upon drying can be controlled by temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Chen
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Thomas Szkopek
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
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14
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Shariati A, Hosseini SM, Chegini Z, Seifalian A, Arabestani MR. Graphene-Based Materials for Inhibition of Wound Infection and Accelerating Wound Healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 158:114184. [PMID: 36587554 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.114184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infection of the wound could potentially cause serious complications and an enormous medical and financial cost to the rapid emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. Nanomaterials are an emerging technology, that has been researched as possible antimicrobial nanomaterials for the inhibition of wound infection and enhancement of wound healing. Graphene is 2-dimensional (2D) sheet of sp2 carbon atoms in a honeycomb structure. It has superior properties, strength, conductivity, antimicrobial, and molecular carrier abilities. Graphene and its derivatives, Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO), have antibacterial activity and could damage bacterial morphology and lead to the leakage of intracellular substances. Besides, for wound infection management, Graphene-platforms could be functionalized by different antibacterial agents such as metal-nanoparticles, natural compounds, and antibiotics. The Graphene structure can absorb near-infrared wavelengths, allowing it to be used as antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Therefore, Graphene-based material could be used to inhibit pathogens that cause serious skin infections and destroy their biofilm community, which is one of the biggest challenges in treating wound infection. Due to its agglomerated structure, GO hydrogel could entrap and stack the bacteria; thus, it prevents their initial attachment and biofilm formation. The sharp edges of GO could destroy the extracellular polymeric substance surrounding the biofilm and ruin the biofilm biomass structure. As well as, Chitosan and different natural and synthetic polymers such as collagen and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) also have attracted a great deal of attention for use with GO as wound dressing material. To this end, multi-functional polymers based on Graphene and blends of synthetic and natural polymers can be considered valid non-antibiotic compounds useful against wound infection and improvement of wound healing. Finally, the global wound care market size was valued at USD 20.8 billion in 2022 and is expected to expand at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.4% from 2022 to 2027 (USD 27.2 billion). This will encourage academic as well as pharmaceutical and medical device industries to investigate any new materials such as graphene and its derivatives for the treatment of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aref Shariati
- Molecular and medicine research center, Khomein University of Medical Sciences, Khomein, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Zahra Chegini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amelia Seifalian
- Department of Urogynaecology and Surgery, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammad Reza Arabestani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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15
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Insights of Platinum Drug Interaction with Spinel Magnetic Nanocomposites for Targeted Anti-Cancer Effect. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030695. [PMID: 36765654 PMCID: PMC9913461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In nanotherapeutics, gaining insight about the drug interaction with the pore architecture and surface functional groups of nanocarriers is crucial to aid in the development of targeted drug delivery. Manganese ferrite impregnated graphene oxide (MnFe2O4/GO) with a two-dimensional sheet and spherical silica with a three-dimensional interconnected porous structure (MnFe2O4/silica) were evaluated for cisplatin release and cytotoxic effects. Characterization studies revealed the presence of Mn2+ species with a variable spinel cubic phase and superparamagnetic effect. We used first principles calculations to study the physisorption of cisplatin on monodispersed silica and on single- and multi-layered GO. The binding energy of cisplatin on silica and single-layer GO was ~1.5 eV, while it was about double that value for the multilayer GO structure. Moreover, we treated MCF-7 (breast cancer cells) and HFF-1 (human foreskin fibroblast) with our nanocomposites and used the cell viability assay MTT. Both nanocomposites significantly reduced the cell viability. Pt4+ species of cisplatin on the spinel ferrite/silica nanocomposite had a better effect on the cytotoxic capability when compared to GO. The EC50 for MnFe2O4/silica/cisplatin and MnFe2O4/GO/cisplatin on MCF-7 was: 48.43 µg/mL and 85.36 µg/mL, respectively. The EC50 for the same conditions on HFF was: 102.92 µg/mL and 102.21 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, immunofluorescence images using c-caspase 3/7, and TEM analysis indicated that treating cells with these nanocomposites resulted in apoptosis as the major mechanism of cell death.
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16
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Rhazouani A, Gamrani H, Ed-Day S, Lafhal K, Boulbaroud S, Gebrati L, Fdil N, AZIZ F. Sub-acute toxicity of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles in male mice after intraperitoneal injection: Behavioral study and histopathological evaluation. Food Chem Toxicol 2023; 171:113553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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17
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Baabu PRS, Kumar HK, Gumpu MB, Babu K J, Kulandaisamy AJ, Rayappan JBB. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review on the Province of Its Compounds, Properties and Biological Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:ma16010059. [PMID: 36614400 PMCID: PMC9820855 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Materials science and technology, with the advent of nanotechnology, has brought about innumerable nanomaterials and multi-functional materials, with intriguing yet profound properties, into the scientific realm. Even a minor functionalization of a nanomaterial brings about vast changes in its properties that could be potentially utilized in various applications, particularly for biological applications, as one of the primary needs at present is for point-of-care devices that can provide swifter, accurate, reliable, and reproducible results for the detection of various physiological conditions, or as elements that could increase the resolution of current bio-imaging procedures. In this regard, iron oxide nanoparticles, a major class of metal oxide nanoparticles, have been sweepingly synthesized, characterized, and studied for their essential properties; there are 14 polymorphs that have been reported so far in the literature. With such a background, this review's primary focus is the discussion of the different synthesis methods along with their structural, optical, magnetic, rheological and phase transformation properties. Subsequently, the review has been extrapolated to summarize the effective use of these nanoparticles as contrast agents in bio-imaging, therapeutic agents making use of its immune-toxicity and subsequent usage in hyperthermia for the treatment of cancer, electron transfer agents in copious electrochemical based enzymatic or non-enzymatic biosensors and bactericidal coatings over biomaterials to reduce the biofilm formation significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyannth Ramasami Sundhar Baabu
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hariprasad Krishna Kumar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
- Acrophase, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manju Bhargavi Gumpu
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jayanth Babu K
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
- School of Electrical & Electronics Engineering, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
- Correspondence:
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18
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Mahmoud AED, El-Maghrabi N, Hosny M, Fawzy M. Biogenic synthesis of reduced graphene oxide from Ziziphus spina-christi (Christ's thorn jujube) extracts for catalytic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant potentialities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89772-89787. [PMID: 35859234 PMCID: PMC9671977 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21871-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, various concentrations of the aqueous extract of Ziziphus spina-christi were employed for the phytoreduction of graphene oxide (GO). The green synthesized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was characterized through UV-Vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) denoted the presence of numerous phytoconstituents including ketones, terpenoids, fatty acids, esters, and flavonoids, which acted as reducing and capping agents. The obtained results indicated the increase in rGO yield and shape with increasing the extract concentration. The optimized rGO was instantaneously ~100% removed methylene blue (MB) from the water at 5 mg L-1. However, the removal efficiency was slightly declined to reach 73.55 and 65.1% at 10 and 15 mg L-1, respectively. A powerful antibacterial activity for rGO particularly against gram-negative bacteria with a high concentration of 2 × 108 CFU mL-1 was confirmed. Furthermore, rGO demonstrated promising and comparable antioxidant efficiency with vitamin C against DPPH free radical scavenging. While vitamin C recorded 13.45 and 48.4%, the optimized rGO attained 13.30 and 45.20% at 12 and 50 μg mL-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa El Din Mahmoud
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
| | - Nourhan El-Maghrabi
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hosny
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Manal Fawzy
- Environmental Sciences Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- Green Technology Group, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
- National Egyptian Biotechnology Experts Network, National Egyptian Academy for Scientific Research and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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19
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Engineered nanoparticles as emerging gene/drug delivery systems targeting the nuclear factor-κB protein and related signaling pathways in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113932. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Do TTA, Wicaksono K, Soendoro A, Imae T, Garcia-Celma MJ, Grijalvo S. Complexation Nanoarchitectonics of Carbon Dots with Doxorubicin toward Photodynamic Anti-Cancer Therapy. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040219. [PMID: 36412860 PMCID: PMC9680231 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon dots (Cdots) are known as photosensitizers in which the nitrogen doping is able to improve the oxygen-photosensitization performance and singlet-oxygen generation. Herein, the characteristics of nanoconjugates of nitrogen-doped Cdots and doxorubicin were compared with the property of nitrogen-doped Cdots alone. The investigation was performed for the evaluation of pH-dependent zeta potential, quantum yield, photosensitization efficiency and singlet-oxygen generation, besides spectroscopy (UV-visible absorption and fluorescence spectra) and cytotoxicity on cancer model (HeLa cells). Encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and drug release without and with light irradiation were also carried out. These investigations were always pursued under the comparison among different nitrogen amounts (ethylenediamine/citric acid = 1-5) in Cdots, and some characteristics strongly depended on nitrogen amounts in Cdots. For instance, surface charge, UV-visible absorbance, emission intensity, quantum yield, photosensitization efficiency and singlet-oxygen generation were most effective at ethylenediamine/citric acid = 4. Moreover, strong conjugation of DOX to Cdots via π-π stacking and electrostatic interactions resulted in a high carrier efficiency and an effective drug loading and release. The results suggested that nitrogen-doped Cdots can be considered promising candidates to be used in a combination therapy involving photodynamic and anticancer strategies under the mutual effect with DOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu Thi Anh Do
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Kukuh Wicaksono
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Andree Soendoro
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Toyoko Imae
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, 43 Section 4, Keelung Road, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - María José Garcia-Celma
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, and Physical-Chemistry, IN2UB, R+D Associated Unit to CSIC, Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Joan XXIII 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Singh R, Alshaghdali K, Saeed A, Kausar MA, Aldakheel FM, Anwar S, Mishra D, Srivastava M. Prospects of microbial-engineering for the production of graphene and its derivatives: Application to design nanosystms for cancer theranostics. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:885-898. [PMID: 34020029 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is known as one of the leading causes of morbidity and fatality, currently faced by our society. The prevalence of cancer related dieses is rapidly increasing around the world. To reduce the mortality rates, early diagnosis and subsequent treatment of cancer in timely manner is quite essential. Advancements have been made to achieve effective theranostics strategies to tackle cancerous dieses, yet very challenging to overcome this issue. Recently, advances made in the field of nanotechnology have shown tremendous potential for cancer theranostics. Different types of nanomaterials have been successfully employed to develop sophisticated diagnosis and therapy techniques. In this context, graphene and its derivatives e.g. graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) have been investigated as promising candidates to design graphene-based nanosystems for the diagnosis and therapeutic purpose. Further, to synthesize graphene and its derivatives different types of physicochemical methods are being adopted. However, each method has its own advantage and disadvantages. In this reference, among diverse biological methods, microbial technique can be one of the most promising and eco-friendly approach for the preparation of graphene and its derivatives, particularly GO and RGO. In this review, we summarize studies performed on the preparation of graphene and its derivatives following microbial routes meanwhile focus has been made on the preparation method and the possible mechanism involved therein. Thereafter, we have discussed applications of graphene and its derivatives to developed advanced nanosystem that can be imperative for the cancer theranostics. Results of recent studies exploring applications graphene based nanosystem for the preparation of different types of biosensors for early diagnosis; advanced therapeutic approaches by designing drug delivery nanosystems along with multifunctionality (e.g cancer imaging, drug delivery, photodynamic and photo thermal therapy) in cancer theranostics have been discussed. Particularly, emphasis has been given on the preparation techniques of graphene based nanosystems, being employed in designing of biosensing platforms, drug delivery and multifunctional nanosystems. Moreover, issues have been discussed on the preparation of graphene and its derivatives following microbial technique and the implementation of graphene based nanosystems in cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Singh
- Department of Environmental Studies, Satyawati College, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110052, India
| | - Khalid Alshaghdali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, P.O Box 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amir Saeed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, P.O Box 2440, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Medical Sciences & Technology, P.O Box 12810, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohd Adnan Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad M Aldakheel
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11564, Saudi Arabia; Prince Sattam Chair for Epidemiology and Public Health Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Debabrata Mishra
- Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Manish Srivastava
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India.
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22
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Kiani Nejad Z, Akbar Khandar A, Khatamian M. Graphene quantum dots based MnFe 2O 4@SiO 2 magnetic nanostructure as a pH-sensitive fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system to enhance the anticancer effect of the drug. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122254. [PMID: 36191812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Among the various methods of targeted drug delivery, magnetic nanoparticles been considered for a long time due to local drug delivery, reduction of side effects, and controlled drug release. In this work, fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) system MnFe2O4@SiO2@ graphene quantum dots /DAU with 49.08 emu-1 magnetism was prepared as pH-sensitive nanoplatform to enhance the anti-cancer effect of daunorubicin (DAU) drug (in the obtained FRET system, DAU act as acceptor molecule and graphene quantum dots act as donor molecule). The efficiency of the drug loaded on the nanoplatform in vitro is 78%. DAU drug release from nanoplatform at pHs of 7.4 and 5.5 during 48 h is 21% and 60%, respectively. Release sensitive to pH facilitates the application of prepared nanoplatform for DAU delivery. The results of MTT-assay and annexin V-FITC/PI show that MnFe2O4@SiO2@ graphene quantum dots /DAU induces cell apoptosis by inhibiting the growth of more than 95% of MCF-7 cells. Also, according to the results, it was found that MnFe2O4@SiO2@ graphene quantum dots /DAU can inhibit 66.65% cell cycle in the sub-G1 phase. Therefore, due to the anti-cancer activity of MnFe2O4@SiO2@ graphene quantum dots /DAU, this biological nanoscale can be considered a candidate for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiani Nejad
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-14766, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Khandar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-14766, Iran.
| | - Massoumeh Khatamian
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-14766, Iran
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23
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Quach Q, Abdel-Fattah TM. Silver Nanoparticles Functionalized Nanosilica Grown over Graphene Oxide for Enhancing Antibacterial Effect. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12193341. [PMID: 36234470 PMCID: PMC9565893 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The continuous growth of multidrug-resistant bacteria due to the overuse of antibiotics and antibacterial agents poses a threat to human health. Silver nanoparticles, silica-based materials, and graphene-based materials have become potential antibacterial candidates. In this study, we developed an effective method of enhancing the antibacterial property of graphene oxide (GO) by growing nanosilica (NS) of approximately 50 nm on the graphene oxide (GO) surface. The structures and compositions of the materials were characterized through powdered X-ray diffraction (P-XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Raman spectroscopy (RM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area, and pore size determination. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average diameter of 26 nm were functionalized on the nanosilica (NS) surface. The composite contained approximately 3% of silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles on nanosilica supported over graphene oxide (GO/NS/AgNPs) exhibited a 7-log reduction of Escherichia coli and a 5.2-log reduction of Bacillus subtilis within one hour of exposure. Both GO/NS and GO/NS/AgNPs exhibited substantial antimicrobial effects against E. coli and B. subtilis.
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24
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Bashir S, Awan MS, Farrukh MA, Naidu R, Khan SA, Rafique N, Ali S, Hayat I, Hussain I, Khan MZ. In-vivo ( Albino Mice) and in-vitro Assimilation and Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Food Materials. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:4073-4085. [PMID: 36111313 PMCID: PMC9469211 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s372343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent advances in nanotechnology have given rise to the potential utilization of nanoparticles as food, nano-medicine/biomedicines. Patient The study aimed to investigate the effects of nano-zinc oxide (nano-zinc) on the bio-assimilation of mineral (Zn) in mice, aged 3-6 weeks. Methods ZnO nanoparticles were added to the basal diet as a supplement at amounts of 0.07, 0.14 and 0.21 mg/kg. The synthesized material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, particle size, scanning electron microscope, Thermogravimetric Analysis Thermal, X-ray diffraction spectrophotometer and Zeta potential. Results In-vitro bioavailability of synthesized group ZnO (120 nm) was 43%, whereas for standard group ZnO (50 nm) was reported as 55%. In-vivo bioavailability of zinc oxide illustrated the maximum absorption level compared with the control. In-vivo toxicity was characterized as damage done to the liver and spleen tissues with a high dose of 0.21 mg/kg, while smaller doses indicated no toxic effects. Conclusion The study provided important insights on the toxicological effects of ZnO nanoparticles, depending on dose rate and bio-assimilation, as well as particles, under various conditions (in-vitro and in-vivo). These findings will motivate further detailed research on nano-based medicine for alleviating malnutrition conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saiqa Bashir
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Akhyar Farrukh
- Department of Chemistry, Forman Christian College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan.,Department of Basic and Applied Chemistry, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Shahzad Akbar Khan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Nagina Rafique
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Shaista Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Imran Hayat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Hussain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair Khan
- Department of Plant Breeding and Molecular Genetics, University of Poonch, Rawalakot, Pakistan
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25
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Céspedes-Valenzuela DN, Sánchez-Rentería S, Cifuentes J, Gómez SC, Serna JA, Rueda-Gensini L, Ostos C, Muñoz-Camargo C, Cruz JC. Novel Photo- and Thermo-Responsive Nanocomposite Hydrogels Based on Functionalized rGO and Modified SIS/Chitosan Polymers for Localized Treatment of Malignant Cutaneous Melanoma. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:947616. [PMID: 35875496 PMCID: PMC9300866 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.947616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive type of skin cancer that accounts for over 75% of skin cancer deaths despite comprising less than 5% of all skin cancers. Despite promising improvements in surgical approaches for melanoma resection, the survival of undetectable microtumor residues has remained a concern. As a result, hyperthermia- and drug-based therapies have grown as attractive techniques to target and treat cancer. In this work, we aim to develop a stimuli-responsive hydrogel based on chitosan methacrylate (ChiMA), porcine small intestine submucosa methacrylate (SISMA), and doxorubicin-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO-DOX) that eliminates microtumor residues from surgically resected melanoma through the coupled effect of NIR light-induced photothermal therapy and heat-induced doxorubicin release. Furthermore, we developed an in silico model to optimize heat and mass transport and evaluate the proposed chemo/photothermal therapy in vitro over melanoma cell cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela N Céspedes-Valenzuela
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Santiago Sánchez-Rentería
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Javier Cifuentes
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Saul C Gómez
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Julian A Serna
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Laura Rueda-Gensini
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Ostos
- Grupo CATALAD, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carolina Muñoz-Camargo
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan C Cruz
- Grupo de Investigación en Nanobiomateriales, Ingeniería Celular y Bioimpresión (GINIB), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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Coreas R, Castillo C, Li Z, Yan D, Gao Z, Chen J, Bitounis D, Parviz D, Strano MS, Demokritou P, Zhong W. Biological Impacts of Reduced Graphene Oxide Affected by Protein Corona Formation. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1244-1256. [PMID: 35706338 PMCID: PMC9842398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Applications of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in many different areas have been gradually increasing owing to its unique physicochemical characteristics, demanding more understanding of their biological impacts. Herein, we assessed the toxicological effects of rGO in mammary epithelial cells. Because the as-synthesized rGO was dissolved in sodium cholate to maintain a stable aqueous dispersion, we hypothesize that changing the cholate concentration in the dispersion may alter the surface property of rGO and subsequently affect its cellular toxicity. Thus, four types of rGO were prepared and compared: rGO dispersed in 4 and 2 mg/mL sodium cholate, labeled as rGO and concentrated-rGO (c-rGO), respectively, and rGO and c-rGO coated with a protein corona through 1 h incubation in culture media, correspondingly named pro-rGO and pro-c-rGO. Notably, c-rGO and pro-c-rGO exhibited higher toxicity than rGO and pro-rGO and also caused higher reactive oxygen species production, more lipid membrane peroxidation, and more significant disruption of mitochondrial-based ATP synthesis. In all toxicological assessments, pro-c-rGO induced more severe adverse impacts than c-rGO. Further examination of the material surface, protein adsorption, and cellular uptake showed that the surface of c-rGO was coated with a lower content of surfactant and adsorbed more proteins, which may result in the higher cellular uptake observed with pro-c-rGO than pro-rGO. Several proteins involved in cellular redox mediation were also more enriched in pro-c-rGO. These results support the strong correlation between dispersant coating and corona formation and their subsequent cellular impacts. Future studies in this direction could reveal a deeper understanding of the correlation and the specific cellular pathways involved and help gain knowledge on how the toxicity of rGO could be modulated through surface modification, guiding the sustainable applications of rGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Coreas
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Carmen Castillo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Zongbo Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dong Yan
- Nanofabrication Facility, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ziting Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Junyi Chen
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Initiative for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dorsa Parviz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Michael S Strano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, HSPH-NIEHS Nanosafety Center, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health Initiative for Sustainable Nanotechnology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States,Department of Chemistry, University of California – Riverside, California 92521, United States
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Grilli F, Hajimohammadi Gohari P, Zou S. Characteristics of Graphene Oxide for Gene Transfection and Controlled Release in Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6802. [PMID: 35743245 PMCID: PMC9224565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Functionalized graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles are being increasingly employed for designing modern drug delivery systems because of their high degree of functionalization, high surface area with exceptional loading capacity, and tunable dimensions. With intelligent controlled release and gene silencing capability, GO is an effective nanocarrier that permits the targeted delivery of small drug molecules, antibodies, nucleic acids, and peptides to the liquid or solid tumor sites. However, the toxicity and biocompatibility of GO-based formulations should be evaluated, as these nanomaterials may introduce aggregations or may accumulate in normal tissues while targeting tumors or malignant cells. These side effects may potentially be impacted by the dosage, exposure time, flake size, shape, functional groups, and surface charges. In this review, the strategies to deliver the nucleic acid via the functionalization of GO flakes are summarized to describe the specific targeting of liquid and solid breast tumors. In addition, we describe the current approaches aimed at optimizing the controlled release towards a reduction in GO accumulation in non-specific tissues in terms of the cytotoxicity while maximizing the drug efficacy. Finally, the challenges and future research perspectives are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Grilli
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (F.G.); (P.H.G.)
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Parisa Hajimohammadi Gohari
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (F.G.); (P.H.G.)
- Ottawa-Carleton Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Ottawa, 800 King Edward Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Shan Zou
- Metrology Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada; (F.G.); (P.H.G.)
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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Ghulam AN, dos Santos OAL, Hazeem L, Pizzorno Backx B, Bououdina M, Bellucci S. Graphene Oxide (GO) Materials-Applications and Toxicity on Living Organisms and Environment. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13020077. [PMID: 35735932 PMCID: PMC9224660 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based materials have attracted much attention due to their fascinating properties such as hydrophilicity, high dispersion in aqueous media, robust size, high biocompatibility, and surface functionalization ability due to the presence of functional groups and interactions with biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acid. Modified methods were developed for safe, direct, inexpensive, and eco-friendly synthesis. However, toxicity to the environment and animal health has been reported, raising concerns about their utilization. This review focuses primarily on the synthesis methods of graphene-based materials already developed and the unique properties that make them so interesting for different applications. Different applications are presented and discussed with particular emphasis on biological fields. Furthermore, antimicrobial potential and the factors that affect this activity are reviewed. Finally, questions related to toxicity to the environment and living organisms are revised by highlighting factors that may interfere with it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminah N. Ghulam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; (A.N.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Otávio A. L. dos Santos
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Layla Hazeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq P.O. Box 32038, Bahrain; (A.N.G.); (L.H.)
| | - Bianca Pizzorno Backx
- Numpex-Bio, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias 25245-390, Brazil;
| | - Mohamed Bououdina
- Department of Mathematics and Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Stefano Bellucci
- INFN-Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Via E. Fermi 54, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Correspondence:
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29
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Frontiñan-Rubio J, Llanos-González E, González VJ, Vázquez E, Durán-Prado M. Subchronic Graphene Exposure Reshapes Skin Cell Metabolism. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:1675-1685. [PMID: 35611947 PMCID: PMC9251767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
In recent years,
the toxicity of graphene-related materials (GRMs)
has been evaluated in diverse models to guarantee their safety. In
most applications, sublethal doses of GRMs contact human barriers
such as skin in a subchronic way. Herein, the subchronic effect (30
day exposure) of three GRMs (GO 1, GO 2, and FLG) with different oxidation
degrees and sizes was studied. The effects of these materials on human
skin cells, HaCaTs, were assayed through high-throughput metabolic-based
readout and other cell-based assays. A differential effect was found
between the different GRMs. GO 2 induced a metabolic remodeling in
epithelial cells, increasing the level of tricarboxylic acid components,
mirrored by increased cell proliferation and changes in cell phenotype.
The oxidation degree, size, and method of manufacture of GRMs dictated
harmful effects on cell metabolism and behavior generated by nontoxic
exposures. Therefore, a “safe by design” procedure is
necessary when working with these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Viviana Jehová González
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.,Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Mario Durán-Prado
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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30
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Sridharan R, Monisha B, Kumar PS, Gayathri KV. Carbon nanomaterials and its applications in pharmaceuticals: A brief review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 294:133731. [PMID: 35090848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology for the past decade has made tremendous improvement and diverse applications in various sector. Among the nanomaterials synthesized, carbon allotropes are advantageous due to its easy functionalization, conductivity, surface area and electrical activity. Hence, they are termed as "Wonder materials". Allotropes such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphene oxide, fullerens, and carbon dots has paved its importance in the pharmaceuticals. They are coated in the biomedical devices, applied in the therapeutics and diagnosis. These are also used in the treatment of cancer and they possess anti-microbial and antiviral activity. Carbon nanomaterials possess several applications from biosensors to remediation of pollutants. Detection of hazardous compounds in food, pharmaceutical products, gene and drug delivery. They are also used in tissue regeneration and gene therapy. Application of carbon allotropes in the current scenario provides a wide scope in future with improvisations in building electrochemical biosensors. Its selectivity, sensitivity and cost-effectiveness prove it to be better alternative compared to other nanomaterials. The review focuses on the carbon allotropes used in pharmaceuticals, biosensors, pollutants detection and treatment were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajalakshmi Sridharan
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Monisha
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Kalavakkam, 603110, Chennai, India.
| | - K Veena Gayathri
- Department of Biotechnology, Stella Maris College (Autonomous), Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Nanocomposites of Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanoparticles for Enhanced Antibacterial Activity: Mechanism of Action and Medical Textiles Coating. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093122. [PMID: 35591457 PMCID: PMC9100992 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is a crucial problem for which the application of nanomaterials is among a growing number of solutions. The aim of the study was to create a nanocomposite (composed of graphene oxide and silver nanoparticles) with a precise mode of antibacterial action: what enables textiles to be coated in order to exhibit antibacterial properties. A characterization of nanomaterials (silver nanoparticles and graphene oxide) by size distribution, zeta potential measurements, TEM visualization and FT-IR was performed. The biological studies of the nanocomposite and its components included the toxicity effect toward two pathogenic bacteria species, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, interaction of nanomaterials with the outer layer of microorganisms, and the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. Afterwards, antibacterial studies of the nanocomposite’s coated textiles (cotton, interlining fabric, polypropylene and silk) as well as studies of the general toxicity towards a chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model were conducted. The toxicity of the nanocomposite used was higher than its components applied separately (zones of growth inhibition for P. aeruginosa for the final selected concentrations were as follows: silver nanoparticles 21 ± 0.7 mm, graphene oxide 14 ± 1.9 mm and nanocomposite 23 ± 1.6 mm; and for S. aureus were: silver nanoparticles 27 ± 3.8 mm, graphene oxide 14 ± 2.1 mm, and nanocomposite 28 ± 0.4 mm. The viability of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus after treatment with selected GO-Ag decreased to 27% and 31%, respectively, compared to AgNPs, when the viability of both species was 31% and 34%, accordingly). The coated textiles showed encouraging antibacterial features without general toxicity towards the chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane model. We demonstrated that graphene oxide might constitute a functional platform for silver nanoparticles, improving the antibacterial properties of bare silver. Due to the application of the nanocomposite, the textiles showed promising antibacterial features with a low general toxicity, thereby creating a wide possibility for them to be used in practice.
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Nasir A, Mazare A, Zhou X, Qin S, Denisov N, Zdrazil L, Kment Š, Zboril R, Yasin T, Schmuki P. Photocatalytic Synthesis of Oxidized Graphite Enabled by Grey TiO
2
and Direct Formation of a Visible‐Light‐Active Titania/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amara Nasir
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) PO Nilore 45650 Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Anca Mazare
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (AIMR) National University Corporation Tohoku University 980-8577 Sendai Japan
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Nikita Denisov
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Lukas Zdrazil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Křížkovského 511/8 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry Faculty of Science Palacký University 17 Listopadu 12 71146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Kment
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Křížkovského 511/8 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology Centre, Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies – CEET VŠB−Technical University of Ostrava 17. Listopadu 2172/15 70800 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Křížkovského 511/8 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Nanotechnology Centre, Centre of Energy and Environmental Technologies – CEET VŠB−Technical University of Ostrava 17. Listopadu 2172/15 70800 Ostrava-Poruba Czech Republic
| | - Tariq Yasin
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS) PO Nilore 45650 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Patrik Schmuki
- Department of Materials Science WW4-LKO Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen Nürnberg Martensstrasse 7 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute Palacký University Křížkovského 511/8 77900 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science King Abdulaziz University P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21569 Saudi Arabia
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Lopez RM, White JR, Truong L, Tanguay RL. Size- and Oxidation-Dependent Toxicity of Graphene Oxide Nanomaterials in Embryonic Zebrafish. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1050. [PMID: 35407167 PMCID: PMC9000472 DOI: 10.3390/nano12071050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphene oxides (GOs) are a popular graphene alternative. The goal of this study was to compare the biocompatibility of a diversity of well-characterized GOs. Our previous work advanced developmental zebrafish as a model to interrogate the interactions and biological responses following exposures to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Here, we investigated GO 250 nm × 250 nm (sGO), 400 nm × 400 nm (mGO), and 1 μm × 1 μm (lGO), partially reduced GO (prGO) 400 nm × 400 nm, and reduced GO (rGO) 400 nm × 400 nm and 2 μm × 2 μm, which first underwent extensive characterization under the support of the Nanomaterials Health Implications Research (NHIR) Consortium. GOs were stabilized in water (GOs), while prGO and rGOs were dispersed in sodium cholate. Zebrafish were statically exposed to up to 50 μg/mL of each material from 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) until 120 hpf. Toxicity was dependent on GO properties. mGO was the most toxic material; its effects manifested in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL). Additionally, sodium cholate stabilization significantly increased GO toxicity. The observed effects were size- and oxidation-state-dependent, revealing the importance of identifying the structure-specific toxicity of GOs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Robyn L. Tanguay
- Sinnhuber Aquatic Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA; (R.M.L.); (J.R.W.); (L.T.)
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Ahamed M, Akhtar MJ, Khan MM, Alhadlaq HA. Enhanced Anticancer Performance of Eco-Friendly-Prepared Mo-ZnO/RGO Nanocomposites: Role of Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7103-7115. [PMID: 35252701 PMCID: PMC8892848 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great attention in cancer therapy because of their novel and tailorable physicochemical features. Pure ZnO NPs, molybdenum (Mo)-doped ZnO NPs, and Mo-ZnO/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites (Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs) were prepared using a facile, inexpensive, and eco-friendly approach using date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruit extract. Anticancer efficacy of green synthesized NPs/NCs was examined in two different cancer cells. The potential mechanism of the anticancer activity of green synthesized NPs/NCs was explored through oxidative stress and apoptosis. The syntheses of pure ZnO NPs, Mo-ZnO NPs, and Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs were confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and photoluminescence (PL). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) study indicated the excellent colloidal stability of green prepared samples. Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs exhibited threefold higher anticancer activity in human colon (HCT116) and breast (MCF7) cancer cells as compared to pure ZnO NPs. The anticancer activity of Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs was mediated through reactive oxygen species, p53, and the caspase-3 pathway. Moreover, cytocompatibility of Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs in human normal colon epithelial (NCM460) and normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A) was much better than those of pure ZnO NPs. Altogether, green stabilized Mo-ZnO/RGO NCs exhibited enhanced anticancer performance and improved cytocompatibility because of green mediated good synergism between ZnO, Mo, and RGO. This study suggested the high nutritional value fruit-based facile preparation of ZnO-based nanocomposites for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maqusood Ahamed
- King
Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Javed Akhtar
- King
Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M.A. Majeed Khan
- King
Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham A. Alhadlaq
- King
Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King
Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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35
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Ashrafizadeh M, Saebfar H, Gholami MH, Hushmandi K, Zabolian A, Bikarannejad P, Hashemi M, Daneshi S, Mirzaei S, Sharifi E, Kumar AP, Khan H, Heydari Sheikh Hossein H, Vosough M, Rabiee N, Thakur Kumar V, Makvandi P, Mishra YK, Tay FR, Wang Y, Zarrabi A, Orive G, Mostafavi E. Doxorubicin-loaded graphene oxide nanocomposites in cancer medicine: Stimuli-responsive carriers, co-delivery and suppressing resistance. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:355-382. [PMID: 35152815 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2041598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The application of doxorubicin (DOX) in cancer therapy has been limited due to its drug resistance and poor internalization. Graphene oxide (GO) nanostructures have the capacity for DOX delivery while promoting its cytotoxicity in cancer. AREAS COVERED The favorable characteristics of GO nanocomposites, preparation method, and application in cancer therapy are described. Then, DOX resistance in cancer is discussed. The GO-mediated photothermal therapy and DOX delivery for cancer suppression are described. Preparation of stimuli-responsive GO nanocomposites, surface functionalization, hybrid nanoparticles, and theranostic applications are emphasized in DOX chemotherapy. EXPERT OPINION Graphene oxide nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy maximizes the anti-cancer activity of DOX against cancer cells. Apart from DOX delivery, GO nanomaterials are capable of loading anti-cancer agents and genetic tools to minimize drug resistance and enhance the cytolytic impact of DOX in cancer eradication. To enhance DOX accumulation in cancer cells, stimuli-responsive (redox-, light-, enzyme- and pH-sensitive) GO nanoparticles have been developed for DOX delivery. Further development of targeted delivery of DOX-loaded GO nanomaterials against cancer cells may be achieved by surface modification of polymers such as polyethylene glycol, hyaluronic acid, and chitosan. Doxorubicin-loaded GO nanoparticles have demonstrated theranostic potential for simultaneous diagnosis and therapy. Hybridization of GO with other nanocarriers such as silica and gold nanoparticles further broadens their potential anti-cancer therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hamidreza Saebfar
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Gholami
- DVM. Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Pooria Bikarannejad
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salman Daneshi
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Iran
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, 6517838736 Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | | | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Department of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Vijay Thakur Kumar
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, U.K.,School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun 248007, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Centre for Materials Interface, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025 Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Mads Clausen Institute, NanoSYD, University of Southern Denmark, 6400 Sønderborg, Denmark
| | - Franklin R Tay
- The Graduate School, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gorka Orive
- NanoBioCel Research Group, School of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,University Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Oral Implantology - UIRMI (UPV/EHUFundación Eduardo Anitua). Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Bioaraba, NanoBioCel Research Group, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, 20 College Road, Discovery Tower, Singapore
| | - Ebrahim Mostafavi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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36
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Akram Keramat AX, Kadkhoda J, Farahzadi R, Fathi E, Davaran S. The potential of Graphene Oxide and reduced Graphene Oxide in diagnosis and treatment of Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4529-4546. [PMID: 35135444 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220208092157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a pioneer field of study; for engineering smart nanosystems in targeted diagnosis and treatment in cancer therapy. The potent therapy for different kinds of solid tumors should ideally target individually the cancerous cells and tissue with no impact on healthy cells in the body. Nano-sized graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have phenomenal chemical versatility, high surface area ratio, and supernatural physical properties. The synergistic effects caused by the well-defined assembly of GO and rGO surface generate not only essential optical, mechanical, but also electronic behaviors. Developing novel multifunctional hybrid nanoparticles with great potential is highly considered in multimodal cancer treatment. GO, and rGO are engineered as a programmable targeting delivery system and combed with photonic energy they utilize in photothermal therapy. Its remarkable properties indicated its applications as a biosensor, bio-imaging for cancer diagnosis. In this current review, we show a remarkable highlight about GO, rGO, and discuss the notable applications for cancer diagnosis and treatment, and an overview of possible cellular signaling pathways that are affected by GO, rGO in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akram X Akram Keramat
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jamileh Kadkhoda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raheleh Farahzadi
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ezzatollah Fathi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz-Iran
| | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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37
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Kalman J, Torrent F, Navas JM. Cytotoxicity of three graphene-related materials in rainbow trout primary hepatocytes is not associated to cellular internalization. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 231:113227. [PMID: 35077996 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of increasing production and use of graphene-related materials (GRM), their release into the aquatic environment is likely to be expected. Development of appropriate model systems to assess their potential toxicity toward aquatic organisms is undoubtedly needed. Of particular relevance are primary cultures of fish hepatocytes, since they maintain similar functionalities as those of the original tissue. Isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to ranges of concentrations of different forms of GRM, two graphene oxides (GO) of sheet-like structure and one tubular-shaped carbon nanofiber (CNF) in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 24 and 72 h. Metabolic activity, cell membrane integrity, lysosomal function, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and interaction with cytochrome P450 1 A enzyme were assessed by using AlamarBlue, 5-carboxyfluorescein diacetate-acetoxymethyl ester, neutral red uptake, dichlorofluorescein and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) assays, respectively. In the presence of FBS, GO affected metabolic activity and cell membrane integrity more than CNF, whilst absence of serum further reduced cell viability in GRM-exposed cells. GRM did not alter lysosomal function nor did it induce ROS formation or EROD activity. Intracellular uptake was observed only in the case of CNF when incubated without FBS. Primary hepatocytes from rainbow trout appear to be a suitable model to screen for cytotoxicity and to reveal any interaction with GRM. Results emphasize the role of serum proteins in the toxicological responses following exposure to GRM with important implications for the environmental risk assessment of these nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Kalman
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Torrent
- ETS Ingenieros de Montes, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA-CSIC), Ctra. de la Coruña, Km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Norscia I, Caselli M, De Meo G, Cordoni G, Guéry JP, Demuru E. Yawn contagion in bonobos: Another group, another story. Am J Primatol 2022; 84:e23366. [PMID: 35098561 PMCID: PMC9285681 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In primates, yawn contagion (the yawning response elicited by others' yawn) is variably influenced by individual (e.g., sex, age) and social factors (e.g., familiarity) and possibly linked to interindividual synchronization, coordination, and emotional contagion. Two out of three studies on yawn contagion in bonobos (Pan paniscus), found the presence of the phenomenon with mixed results concerning the effect of familiarity and no replication on its modulating factors. To address this puzzling issue, we recorded all occurrences data on yawn contagion in a captive bonobo group (March-June 2021; 18 individuals; La Vallée des Singes, France). Contrary to chimpanzees and humans, the number of triggering yawns increased contagion, possibly owing to a higher stimulus threshold. This aspect may explain the interindividual variability observed in yawn contagion rates. In subjects under weaning, we did not detect yawn contagion and, as it occurs in certain human cohorts, yawn contagion declined with age, possibly due to reduced sensitivity to others. Females responded more than males and elicited more responses from females when showing sexual swelling. As reproductive females are central in bonobo society, our results support the hypothesis that-as in other Hominini-the most influential sex can influence yawn contagion. The relationship quality (measured via grooming/play) did not affect yawn contagion, possibly due to bonobos' xenophilic nature. Overall, this study confirms the presence of yawn contagion in bonobos and introduces new elements on its modulating factors, pointing toward the necessity of cross-group studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Norscia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marta Caselli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriele De Meo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Giada Cordoni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Demuru
- Dynamique Du Langage, CNRS-UMR 5596, University Lyon 2, Lyon, France.,Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/CRNL, CNRS-UMR 5292, Inserm UMR S1028, University of Lyon/Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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39
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Foroutan T, Kassaee MZ, Salari M, Ahmady F, Molavi F, Moayer F. Magnetic Fe 3 O 4 @graphene oxide improves the therapeutic effects of embryonic stem cells on acute liver damage. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13126. [PMID: 34569673 PMCID: PMC8560617 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute liver failure is usually associated with inflammation and oxidation of hepatocytes and has high mortality and resource costs. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) has occasionally been reported to have no beneficial effect due to poor transplantation and the survival of implanted cells. Recent studies showed that embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived MSCs are an alternative for regenerative medicine. On the other hand, graphene-based nanostructures have proven useful in biomedicine. In this study, we investigated whether magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) improved the effects of ESC-MSC conditioned medium (CM) on protecting hepatocytes and stimulating the regeneration of damaged liver cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS To provide a rat model of acute liver failure, male rats were injected intraperitoneally with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ). The rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely control, sham, CCl4 , ESC-MSC-CM, MGO and ESC-MSC-CM + MGO. In the experimental groups, the rats received, depending on the group, 2 ml/kg body weight CCl4 and either ESC-MSC-CM with 5 × 106 MSCs or 300 μg/kg body weight MGO or both. Symptoms of acute liver failure appeared 4 days after the injection. All groups were compared and analysed both histologically and biochemically 4 days after the injection. Finally, the results of ESC-MSC-CM and MSC-CM were compared. RESULTS The results indicated that the use of MGO enhanced the effect of ESC-MSC-CM on reducing necrosis, inflammation, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase in the CCl4 -induced liver failure of the rat model. Also, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was significantly upregulated after treatment with MGO. Also, the results showed that the ESC-MSC-CM has more efficient effective compared to MSC-CM. CONCLUSION Magnetic graphene oxide improved the hepatoprotective effects of ESC-MSC-CM on acute liver damage, probably by suppressing necrosis, apoptosis and inflammation of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Foroutan
- Department of Animal BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesKharazmi UniversityTehranIran
| | | | - Mahdi Salari
- Department of Environmental Health EngineeringSchool of Public HealthHamadan University of Medical SciencesHamadanIran
| | - Fatemeh Ahmady
- Department of Animal BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesKharazmi UniversityTehranIran
| | - Fatemeh Molavi
- Department of Animal BiologyFaculty of Biological SciencesKharazmi UniversityTehranIran
| | - Fariborz Moayer
- Faculty of Veterinary MedicineIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran
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40
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Wang K, Xu X, Li Y, Rong M, Wang L, Lu L, Wang J, Zhao F, Sun B, Jiang Y. Preparation Fe3O4@chitosan-graphene quantum dots nanocomposites for fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Lin H, Liu X, He C. Ceramide-Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles Enhance the Cytotoxicity and Reduce the Occurrence and Development of Breast Cancer Xenografts. J BIOMATER TISS ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1166/jbt.2021.2801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ceramide exerts crucial effect on inducing tumor cell apoptosis, while its insolublility limits the application in treating tumors. In this study, we used NGO-PEG-PEI (NPP) and C6-NPP/Cer (NPP/C) as method to explore NPP/C’s effect and its anti-tumor ability on breast cancer.
Confocal microscopy was used to detect the transfection efficiency in tumor cells. Breast cancer cells were treated with C6-NGO-PEG-PEI solution (control group) or NPP/C followed by analysis of cell proliferation and apoptosis by flow cytometry. C6-ceramide solution (control group) or NPP/C
was administrated into nude mice with tumor followed by measuring tumor volume and size as well as cell proliferation and apoptosis. NGO-PEG-PEI could significantly enhance cell intake and inhibit cell proliferation and promote apoptosis. In vivo transplantation tumor model experiments
showed that NPP/C could decrease tumor growth, slow down the multiplication rate and accelerate apoptosis. In conclusion, Ceramide-graphene oxide can inhibit tumor growth by inhibiting tumor cell growth and promoting cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Haikou People’s Hospital, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570208, China
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Haikou People’s Hospital, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570208, China
| | - Chunnuan He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Haikou People’s Hospital, Haikou City, Hainan Province, 570208, China
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Gosai A, Khondakar KR, Ma X, Ali MA. Application of Functionalized Graphene Oxide Based Biosensors for Health Monitoring: Simple Graphene Derivatives to 3D Printed Platforms. BIOSENSORS 2021; 11:384. [PMID: 34677340 PMCID: PMC8533804 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Biosensors hold great potential for revolutionizing personalized medicine and environmental monitoring. Their construction is the key factor which depends on either manufacturing techniques or robust sensing materials to improve efficacy of the device. Functional graphene is an attractive choice for transducing material due to its various advantages in interfacing with biorecognition elements. Graphene and its derivatives such as graphene oxide (GO) are thus being used extensively for biosensors for monitoring of diseases. In addition, graphene can be patterned to a variety of structures and is incorporated into biosensor devices such as microfluidic devices and electrochemical and plasmonic sensors. Among biosensing materials, GO is gaining much attention due to its easy synthesis process and patternable features, high functionality, and high electron transfer properties with a large surface area leading to sensitive point-of-use applications. Considering demand and recent challenges, this perspective review is an attempt to describe state-of-the-art biosensors based on functional graphene. Special emphasis is given to elucidating the mechanism of sensing while discussing different applications. Further, we describe the future prospects of functional GO-based biosensors for health care and environmental monitoring with a focus on additive manufacturing such as 3D printing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnivo Gosai
- Corning Inc., Science & Technology, Painted Post, NY 14870, USA;
| | - Kamil Reza Khondakar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33174, USA;
| | - Xiao Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Md. Azahar Ali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15235, USA
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Dolatkhah M, Hashemzadeh N, Barar J, Adibkia K, Aghanejad A, Barzegar-Jalali M, Omidian H, Omidi Y. Stimuli-responsive graphene oxide and methotrexate-loaded magnetic nanoparticles for breast cancer-targeted therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2155-2174. [PMID: 34565179 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Nanocomposites of graphene oxide (GO) loaded with PEGylated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and grafted with methotrexate and stimuli-responsive linkers (GO-SPION-MTX) were developed for photothermal and chemotherapy of breast cancer. Methods: PEGylated SPIONs were synthesized and conjugated with chemotherapeutic targeting agent MTX, which were then loaded on GO to prepare GO-SPION-MTX nanocomposites. To evaluate the photothermal effect of the nanocomposites, they were examined in breast cancer cell lines with low doses of near-infrared (NIR) laser radiation with/without acetazolamide. Results: The GO-SPION-MTX nanocomposites were found to be internalized by the folate-receptor-positive cancer cells and induce high cytotoxicity on exposure to NIR laser rays. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the GO-SPION-MTX nanocomposite can potentially be used as a multimodal nanomedicine/theranostic against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Dolatkhah
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nastaran Hashemzadeh
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Barar
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khosro Adibkia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ayuob Aghanejad
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Omidian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
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MicroRNA Delivery by Graphene-Based Complexes into Glioblastoma Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195804. [PMID: 34641347 PMCID: PMC8510190 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary and aggressive tumour in brain cancer. Novel therapies, despite achievements in chemotherapy, radiation and surgical techniques, are needed to improve the treatment of GBM tumours and extend patients’ survival. Gene delivery therapy mostly uses the viral vector, which causes serious adverse events in gene therapy. Graphene-based complexes can reduce the potential side effect of viral carries, with high efficiency of microRNA (miRNA) or antisense miRNA delivery to GBM cells. The objective of this study was to use graphene-based complexes to induce deregulation of miRNA level in GBM cancer cells and to regulate the selected gene expression involved in apoptosis. The complexes were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential. The efficiency of miRNA delivery to the cancer cells was analysed by flow cytometry. The effect of the anticancer activity of graphene-based complexes functionalised by the miRNA sequence was analysed using 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxyanilide salt (XTT) assays at the gene expression level. The results partly explain the mechanisms of miRNA deregulation stress, which is affected by graphene-based complexes together with the forced transport of mimic miR-124, miR-137 and antisense miR-21, -221 and -222 as an anticancer supportive therapy.
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Foroutan T, Kabiri F, Motamedi E. Silica Magnetic Graphene Oxide Improves the Effects of Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium on Acute Liver Failure. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21194-21206. [PMID: 34471725 PMCID: PMC8387984 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute liver failure (ALF) is usually associated with inflammation and oxidation of hepatocytes and has high mortality and resource costs. Although mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium (MSC-CM) has therapeutic effects similar to MSC transplant in treating liver failure, it may not increase survival. On the other hand, graphene-based nanostructures have been proven useful in biomedicine. In this study, we investigated whether silica magnetic graphene oxide (SMGO) improved the effects of MSC-CM in protecting hepatocytes and stimulating the regeneration of damaged liver cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS To provide a rat model of ALF, male rats were injected intraperitoneally with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The rats were randomly divided into six groups, namely control, sham, CCl4, MSC-CM, SMGO, and MSC-CM + SMGO. In the experimental groups, the rats received, depending on the group, 2 mL/kg body weight CCl4 and either MSC-CM with 5 × 106 MSCs or 300 μg/kg body weight SMGO or both. Symptoms of ALF appeared 4 days after the injection. All groups were compared and analyzed both histologically and biochemically 4 days after the injection. RESULTS The results indicated that the use of SMGO enhanced the effect of MSC-CM in reducing necrosis, inflammation, aspartate transaminase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in the CCl4-induced liver failure of the rat model. Also, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) was significantly upregulated after treatment with SMGO. CONCLUSION SMGO improved the hepatoprotective effects of MSC-CM on acute liver damage, probably by suppressing necrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation of hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Foroutan
- Department
of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15614, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Kabiri
- Department
of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15614, Iran
| | - Elaheh Motamedi
- Department
of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology
Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education
and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj 3173655111, Iran
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Ballesteros S, Domenech J, Velázquez A, Marcos R, Hernández A. Ex vivo exposure to different types of graphene-based nanomaterials consistently alters human blood secretome. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125471. [PMID: 33647622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The biomedical applications of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBN) have significantly grown in the last years. Many of these applications suppose their intravenous exposure and, in this way, GBN could encounter blood cells triggering an immunological response of unknown effects. Consequently, understanding the relationships between GBN and the immune system response should be a prerequisite for its adequate use in biomedicine. In the present study, we have conducted a little explored ex vivo exposure method in order to study the complexity of the secretome given by the interactions between GBN and blood cells. Blood samples from different healthy donors were exposed to three different types of GBN widely used in the biomedical field. In this sense, graphene oxide (GO), graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) and a panel of 105 proteins representatives of the blood secretome were evaluated. The results show broad changes in both the cytokines number and the expression levels, with important changes in inflammatory response markers. Furthermore, the indirect soft-agar assay was used as a tool to unravel the global functional impact of the found secretome changes. Our results indicate that the GBN-induced altered secretome can modify the natural anchorage-independent growth capacity of HeLa cells, used as a model. As a conclusion, this study describes an innovative approach to study the potential harmful effects of GBN, providing relevant data to be considered in the biomedical context when GBN are planned to be used in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ballesteros
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Domenech
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonia Velázquez
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricard Marcos
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Hernández
- Group of Mutagenesis, Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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Villalva MD, Agarwal V, Ulanova M, Sachdev PS, Braidy N. Quantum dots as a theranostic approach in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:1595-1611. [PMID: 34180261 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Quantum dots (QDs) are nanoparticles that have an emerging application as theranostic agents in several neurodegenerative diseases. The advantage of QDs as nanomedicine is due to their unique optical properties that provide high sensitivity, stability and selectivity at a nanoscale range. Objective: To offer renewed insight into current QD research and elucidate its promising application in Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis and therapy. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar databases that included the following search terms: 'quantum dots', 'blood-brain barrier', 'cytotoxicity', 'toxicity' and 'Alzheimer's disease'; PRISMA guidelines were adhered to. Results: Thirty-four publications were selected to evaluate the ability of QDs to cross the blood-brain barrier, potential toxicity and current AD diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Conclusion: QD's unique optical properties and versatility to conjugate to various biomolecules, while maintaining a nanoscale size, render them a promising theranostic tool in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D Villalva
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Marina Ulanova
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Aging, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
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Jafarinejad-Farsangi S, Hashemi MS, Yazdi Rouholamini SE, Gharbi S, Ansari-Asl Z, Jafari E, Shiralizadeh Dezfuli A, Shahrokhi-Farjah M. Curcumin loaded on graphene nanosheets induced cell death in mammospheres from MCF-7 and primary breast tumor cells. Biomed Mater 2021; 16. [PMID: 34020433 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Elimination of tumor cells is still a therapeutic challenge for breast cancer (BC) in men and women. Mammospheres serve as valuablein vitrotools for evaluating tumor behavior and sensitivity to anticancer treatments. Graphene nanosheets with unique physicochemical properties have been considered as potential biomedical approaches for drug delivery, bioimaging, and therapy. Graphene oxide (GO) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) are suitable nanocarriers for hydrophobic and low bioaccessible anti-tumor materials like curcumin. Despite extensive studies on the potential application of graphene nanosheets in medicine, our knowledge of how different cells function and respond to these nanoparticles remains limited. Here, we evaluated cell death in mammospheres from MCF-7 and primary tumor cells in response to curcumin loaded on graphene nanosheets. Mammospheres were exposed to graphene oxide-curcumin (GO-Cur) and graphene quantum dots-curcumin (GQDs-Cur), and the incidence of cell death was evaluated by Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide double staining and flow cytometry. Besides, the expression of miR-21, miR-29a, Bax, and Bcl-2 genes were assessed using RT-qPCR. We observed, GO, and GQDs had no cytotoxic effect on Kerman male breast cancer/71 (KMBC/71) and MCF-7 tumor cells, while curcumin induced death in more than 50% of tumor cells. GO-Cur and GQDs-Cur synergistically enhanced anti-tumor activity of curcumin. Moreover, GQDs-Cur induced cell death in almost all cells of KMBC/71 mammospheres (99%;p< 0.0001). In contrast, GO-Cur induced cell death in only 21% of MCF-7 mammosphere cells (p< 0.0001). Also, the expression pattern of miR-21, miR-29a, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in KMBC/71 and MCF-7 mammospheres was different in response to GO-Cur and GQDs-Cur. Although KMBC/71 and MCF-7 tumor cells had similar clinical features and displayed similar responses to curcumin, more investigations are needed to clarify the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying observed differences in response to GO-Cur and GQDs-Cur.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnaz Sadat Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyede Elmira Yazdi Rouholamini
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sdigheh Gharbi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zeinab Ansari-Asl
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Elham Jafari
- Pathology and Stem Cells Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mariam Shahrokhi-Farjah
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Driscoll J, Moirangthem A, Yan IK, Patel T. Fabrication and Characterization of a Biomaterial Based on Extracellular-Vesicle Functionalized Graphene Oxide. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:686510. [PMID: 34178970 PMCID: PMC8220207 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.686510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are emerging as acellular therapeutics for solid organ injury and as carriers for drug delivery. Graphene-based materials are novel two-dimensional crystal structure-based materials with unique characteristics of stiffness, strength and elasticity that are being explored for various structural and biological applications. We fabricated a biomaterial that would capture desirable properties of both graphene and stem cell derived EV. Metabolically engineered EV that express azide groups were cross-linked with alkyne-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) via a copper catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The crosslinking between EV and GO was accomplished without the need for ligand expression on the metal. Scanning electron and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated excellent cross-linking between EV and GO. Biological effects were assessed by phagocytosis studies and cell viability studies. The uptake of GO or sonicated GO (sGO) resulted in a durable pro-inflammatory immune response. Cell studies further showed that crosslinked GO-EV scaffolds exhibited cell-type dependent cytotoxicity on liver cancer cells whereas there was minimal impact on healthy hepatocyte proliferation. In vitro, neither GO-EV nor sGO-EV induced DNA strand breaks. In vivo studies in zebrafish revealed gross developmental malformations but treatment-induced mortality was only seen with the highest doses of GO-EV and sGO-EV. With these advantages, this engineered biomaterial combining the versatility of graphene with the therapeutic effects of MSC-EV has potential for applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Driscoll
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | | | - Irene K Yan
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
| | - Tushar Patel
- Department of Transplantation, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States
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50
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Campbell E, Hasan MT, Gonzalez-Rodriguez R, Truly T, Lee BH, Green KN, Akkaraju G, Naumov AV. Graphene quantum dot formulation for cancer imaging and redox-based drug delivery. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102408. [PMID: 34015513 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work develops a new multifunctional biocompatible anticancer nanoformulation to provide targeted image-guided cancer-selective therapeutics. It consists of three active covalently bound components: (1) biocompatible nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a multifunctional delivery and imaging platform, (2) hyaluronic acid (HA) unit targeted to the CD44 receptors on a variety of cancer cells, and (3) oxidative stress-based cancer-selective ferrocene (Fc) therapeutic. The biocompatible GQD platform synthesized from glucosamine exhibits high-yield intrinsic fluorescence. It is utilized for tracking Fc-GQD-HA formulation in vitro indicating internalization enhancement in HeLa cells targeted by the HA over non-cancer HEK-293 cells not overexpressing CD44 receptor. Fc-GQD-HA, non-toxic at 1 mg/mL to HEK-293 cells, induces cytotoxic response in HeLa enhanced over time, while therapeutic ROS generation by Fc-GQD-HA is ~3 times greater than that of Fc alone. This outlines the targeted delivery, imaging, and cancer-specific treatment capabilities of the new Fc-GQD-HA formulation enabling desired cancer-focused nanotherapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Campbell
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Md Tanvir Hasan
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Tate Truly
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Bong Han Lee
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Kayla N Green
- Department of Chemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Giridhar Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Anton V Naumov
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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