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Kooshan Z, Cárdenas-Piedra L, Clements J, Batra J. Glycolysis, the sweet appetite of the tumor microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2024; 600:217156. [PMID: 39127341 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells display an altered metabolic phenotype, characterised by increased glycolysis and lactate production, even in the presence of sufficient oxygen - a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. This metabolic reprogramming is a crucial adaptation that enables cancer cells to meet their elevated energy and biosynthetic demands. Importantly, the tumor microenvironment plays a pivotal role in shaping and sustaining this metabolic shift in cancer cells. This review explores the intricate relationship between the tumor microenvironment and the Warburg effect, highlighting how communication within this niche regulates cancer cell metabolism and impacts tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. We discuss the potential of targeting the Warburg effect as a promising therapeutic strategy, with the aim of disrupting the metabolic advantage of cancer cells and enhancing our understanding of this complex interplay within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Kooshan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Lilibeth Cárdenas-Piedra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Judith Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; Center for Genomics and Personalised Health, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia; ARC Training Centre for Cell & Tissue Engineering Technologies, Brisbane, Australia.
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2
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Vengayil V, Niphadkar S, Adhikary S, Varahan S, Laxman S. The deubiquitinase Ubp3/Usp10 constrains glucose-mediated mitochondrial repression via phosphate budgeting. eLife 2024; 12:RP90293. [PMID: 39324403 PMCID: PMC11426969 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Many cells in high glucose repress mitochondrial respiration, as observed in the Crabtree and Warburg effects. Our understanding of biochemical constraints for mitochondrial activation is limited. Using a Saccharomyces cerevisiae screen, we identified the conserved deubiquitinase Ubp3 (Usp10), as necessary for mitochondrial repression. Ubp3 mutants have increased mitochondrial activity despite abundant glucose, along with decreased glycolytic enzymes, and a rewired glucose metabolic network with increased trehalose production. Utilizing ∆ubp3 cells, along with orthogonal approaches, we establish that the high glycolytic flux in glucose continuously consumes free Pi. This restricts mitochondrial access to inorganic phosphate (Pi), and prevents mitochondrial activation. Contrastingly, rewired glucose metabolism with enhanced trehalose production and reduced GAPDH (as in ∆ubp3 cells) restores Pi. This collectively results in increased mitochondrial Pi and derepression, while restricting mitochondrial Pi transport prevents activation. We therefore suggest that glycolytic flux-dependent intracellular Pi budgeting is a key constraint for mitochondrial repression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineeth Vengayil
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, India
| | - Shreyas Niphadkar
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, India
| | - Swagata Adhikary
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bangalore, India
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Bangalore, India
| | - Sriram Varahan
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil Laxman
- Institute for Stem Cell Science and Regenerative Medicine (DBT-inStem), Bangalore, India
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3
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Fernando W, Cruickshank BM, Arun RP, MacLean MR, Cahill HF, Morales-Quintanilla F, Dean CA, Wasson MCD, Dahn ML, Coyle KM, Walker OL, Power Coombs MR, Marcato P. ALDH1A3 is the switch that determines the balance of ALDH + and CD24 -CD44 + cancer stem cells, EMT-MET, and glucose metabolism in breast cancer. Oncogene 2024:10.1038/s41388-024-03156-4. [PMID: 39251846 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 08/29/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Plasticity is an inherent feature of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and regulates the balance of key processes required at different stages of breast cancer progression, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) versus mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), and glycolysis versus oxidative phosphorylation. Understanding the key factors that regulate the switch between these processes could lead to novel therapeutic strategies that limit tumor progression. We found that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A3 (ALDH1A3) regulates these cancer-promoting processes and the abundance of the two distinct breast CSC populations defined by high ALDH activity and CD24-CD44+ cell surface expression. While ALDH1A3 increases ALDH+ breast cancer cells, it inversely suppresses the CD24-CD44+ population by retinoic acid signaling-mediated gene expression changes. This switch in CSC populations induced by ALDH1A3 was paired with decreased migration but increased invasion and an intermediate EMT phenotype. We also demonstrate that ALDH1A3 increases oxidative phosphorylation and decreases glycolysis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The effects of ALDH1A3 reduction were countered with the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG). In cell culture and tumor xenograft models, 2DG suppresses the increase in the CD24-CD44+ population and ROS induced by ALDH1A3 knockdown. Combined inhibition of ALDH1A3 and glycolysis best reduces breast tumor growth and tumor-initiating cells, suggesting that the combination of targeting ALDH1A3 and glycolysis has therapeutic potential for limiting CSCs and tumor progression. Together, these findings identify ALDH1A3 as a key regulator of processes required for breast cancer progression and depletion of ALDH1A3 makes breast cancer cells more susceptible to glycolysis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasundara Fernando
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Brianne M Cruickshank
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Raj Pranap Arun
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Maya R MacLean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Hannah F Cahill
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Cheryl A Dean
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Margaret L Dahn
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Krysta M Coyle
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Olivia L Walker
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Melanie R Power Coombs
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Paola Marcato
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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4
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Mascaraque M, Courtois S, Royo-García A, Barneda D, Stoian AM, Villaoslada I, Espiau-Romera P, Bokil A, Cano-Galiano A, Jagust P, Heeschen C, Sancho P. Fatty acid oxidation is critical for the tumorigenic potential and chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer stem cells. J Transl Med 2024; 22:797. [PMID: 39198858 PMCID: PMC11351511 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05598-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We have previously demonstrated the significant reliance of pancreatic Cancer Stem Cells (PaCSCs) on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which enables versatile substrate utilization, including fatty acids (FAs). Notably, dysregulated lipid scavenging and aberrant FA metabolism are implicated in PDAC progression. METHODS & RESULTS Our bioinformatics analyses revealed elevated expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in PDAC tissue samples compared to normal tissue samples, which correlated with a stemness signature. Additionally, PaCSCs exhibited heightened expression of diverse lipid metabolism genes and increased lipid droplet accumulation compared to differentiated progenies. Treatment with palmitic, oleic, and linolenic FAs notably augmented the self-renewal and chemotherapy resistance of CD133+ PaCSCs. Conversely, inhibitors of FA uptake, storage and metabolism reduced CSC populations both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, inhibition of FA metabolism suppressed OXPHOS activity, inducing energy depletion and subsequent cell death in PaCSCs. Importantly, combining a FAO inhibitor and Gemcitabine treatment enhanced drug efficacy in vitro and in vivo, effectively diminishing the CSC content and functionality. CONCLUSION Targeting FAO inhibition represents a promising therapeutic strategy against this highly tumorigenic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mascaraque
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Biology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sarah Courtois
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alba Royo-García
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - David Barneda
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Andrei M Stoian
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Villaoslada
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar Espiau-Romera
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ansooya Bokil
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Andrés Cano-Galiano
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Petra Jagust
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer & Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Christopher Heeschen
- Pancreatic Cancer Heterogeneity, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO - IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy.
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.
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5
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Zou Z, Luo T, Wang X, Wang B, Li Q. Exploring the interplay between triple-negative breast cancer stem cells and tumor microenvironment for effective therapeutic strategies. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31278. [PMID: 38807378 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and metastatic malignancy with poor treatment outcomes. The interaction between the tumor microenvironment (TME) and breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) plays an important role in the development of TNBC. Owing to their ability of self-renewal and multidirectional differentiation, BCSCs maintain tumor growth, drive metastatic colonization, and facilitate the development of drug resistance. TME is the main factor regulating the phenotype and metastasis of BCSCs. Immune cells, cancer-related fibroblasts (CAFs), cytokines, mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, and extracellular matrix within the TME form a complex communication network, exert highly selective pressure on the tumor, and provide a conducive environment for the formation of BCSC niches. Tumor growth and metastasis can be controlled by targeting the TME to eliminate BCSC niches or targeting BCSCs to modify the TME. These approaches may improve the treatment outcomes and possess great application potential in clinical settings. In this review, we summarized the relationship between BCSCs and the progression and drug resistance of TNBC, especially focusing on the interaction between BCSCs and TME. In addition, we discussed therapeutic strategies that target the TME to inhibit or eliminate BCSCs, providing valuable insights into the clinical treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoling Zou
- Queen Mary College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tinglan Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Chongqing Medicine University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing (Affiliated Central Hospital of Chongqing University of Technology), Chongqing, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Wang Y, Cheng S, Fleishman JS, Chen J, Tang H, Chen ZS, Chen W, Ding M. Targeting anoikis resistance as a strategy for cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 75:101099. [PMID: 38850692 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2024.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Anoikis, known as matrix detachment-induced apoptosis or detachment-induced cell death, is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis. Cancer cells develop means to evade anoikis, e.g. anoikis resistance, thereby allowing for cells to survive under anchorage-independent conditions. Uncovering the mechanisms of anoikis resistance will provide details about cancer metastasis, and potential strategies against cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we summarize the principal elements and core molecular mechanisms of anoikis and anoikis resistance. We discuss the latest progress of how anoikis and anoikis resistance are regulated in cancers. Furthermore, we summarize emerging data on selective compounds and nanomedicines, explaining how inhibiting anoikis resistance can serve as a meaningful treatment modality against cancers. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and possible strategies to overcome them. In this review, we suggest that pharmacological modulation of anoikis and anoikis resistance by bioactive compounds could surmount anoikis resistance, highlighting a promising therapeutic regimen that could be used to overcome anoikis resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sihang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Joshua S Fleishman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA
| | - Jichao Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, USA.
| | - Wenkuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Mingchao Ding
- Department of Peripheral Vascular Intervention, Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing 100049, China.
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7
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Zhang T, Wang X, Wang D, Lei M, Hu Y, Chen Z, Li Y, Luo Y, Zhang L, Zhu Y. Synergistic effects of photodynamic therapy and chemotherapy: Activating the intrinsic/extrinsic apoptotic pathway of anoikis for triple-negative breast cancer treatment. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 160:213859. [PMID: 38642515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly invasive and metastatic subtype of breast cancer that often recurs after surgery. Herein, we developed a cyclodextrin-based tumor-targeted nano delivery system that incorporated the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and the chemotherapeutic agent lonidamine (LND) to form the R6RGD-CMβCD-se-se-Ce6/LND nanoparticles (RCC/LND NPS). This nanosystem could target cancer cells, avoid lysosomal degradation and further localize within the mitochondria. The RCC/LND NPS had pH and redox-responsive to control the release of Ce6 and LND. Consequently, the nanosystem had a synergistic effect by effectively alleviating hypoxia, enhancing the production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) and amplifying the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Furthermore, the RCC/LND NPS + light weakened anoikis resistance, disrupted extracellular matrix (ECM), activated both the intrinsic apoptotic pathway (mitochondrial pathway) and extrinsic apoptotic pathway (receptor death pathway) of anoikis. In addition, the nanosystem showed significant anti-TNBC efficacy in vivo. These findings collectively demonstrated that RCC/LND NPS + light enhanced the anticancer effects, induced anoikis and inhibited tumor cell migration and invasion through a synergistic effect of chemotherapy and PDT. Overall, this study highlighted the promising potential of the RCC/LND NPS + light for the treatment of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dongna Wang
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meng Lei
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yixue Hu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhimeng Chen
- College of Science, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuting Li
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yingnan Luo
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liefeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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8
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Bel’skaya LV, Dyachenko EI. Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer: A Biochemical Map of Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4646-4687. [PMID: 38785550 PMCID: PMC11120394 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematizes information about the metabolic features of breast cancer directly related to oxidative stress. It has been shown those redox changes occur at all levels and affect many regulatory systems in the human body. The features of the biochemical processes occurring in breast cancer are described, ranging from nonspecific, at first glance, and strictly biochemical to hormone-induced reactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation, which allows for a broader and deeper understanding of the principles of oncogenesis, as well as maintaining the viability of cancer cells in the mammary gland. Specific pathways of the activation of oxidative stress have been studied as a response to the overproduction of stress hormones and estrogens, and specific ways to reduce its negative impact have been described. The diversity of participants that trigger redox reactions from different sides is considered more fully: glycolytic activity in breast cancer, and the nature of consumption of amino acids and metals. The role of metals in oxidative stress is discussed in detail. They can act as both co-factors and direct participants in oxidative stress, since they are either a trigger mechanism for lipid peroxidation or capable of activating signaling pathways that affect tumorigenesis. Special attention has been paid to the genetic and epigenetic regulation of breast tumors. A complex cascade of mechanisms of epigenetic regulation is explained, which made it possible to reconsider the existing opinion about the triggers and pathways for launching the oncological process, the survival of cancer cells and their ability to localize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
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Murthy D, Dutta D, Attri KS, Samanta T, Yang S, Jung KH, Latario SG, Putluri V, Huang S, Putluri N, Park JH, Kaipparettu BA. CD24 negativity reprograms mitochondrial metabolism to PPARα and NF-κB-driven fatty acid β-oxidation in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 587:216724. [PMID: 38373689 PMCID: PMC11068061 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
CD24 is a well-characterized breast cancer (BC) stem cell (BCSC) marker. Primary breast tumor cells having CD24-negativity together with CD44-positivity is known to maintain high metastatic potential. However, the functional role of CD24 gene in triple-negative BC (TNBC), an aggressive subtype of BC, is not well understood. While the significance of CD24 in regulating immune pathways is well recognized in previous studies, the significance of CD24 low expression in onco-signaling and metabolic rewiring is largely unknown. Using CD24 knock-down and over-expression TNBC models, our in vitro and in vivo analysis suggest that CD24 is a tumor suppressor in metastatic TNBC. Comprehensive in silico gene expression analysis of breast tumors followed by lipidomic and metabolomic analyses of CD24-modulated cells revealed that CD24 negativity induces mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and reprograms TNBC metabolism toward the fatty acid beta-oxidation (FAO) pathway. CD24 silencing activates PPARα-mediated regulation of FAO in TNBC cells. Further analysis using reverse-phase protein array and its validation using CD24-modulated TNBC cells and xenograft models nominated CD24-NF-κB-CPT1A signaling pathway as the central regulatory mechanism of CD24-mediated FAO activity. Overall, our study proposes a novel role of CD24 in metabolic reprogramming that can open new avenues for the treatment strategies for patients with metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Murthy
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Debasmita Dutta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kuldeep S Attri
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tagari Samanta
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sukjin Yang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kwang Hwa Jung
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sarah G Latario
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Vasanta Putluri
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shixia Huang
- Advanced Technology Cores, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Education, Innovation, and Technology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jun Hyoung Park
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Benny Abraham Kaipparettu
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
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10
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Singh P, Sen K, Sa P, Khuntia A, Raghav SK, Swain RK, Sahoo SK. Piperlongumine based nanomedicine impairs glycolytic metabolism in triple negative breast cancer stem cells through modulation of GAPDH & FBP1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155181. [PMID: 38091824 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer and exhibits high rate of chemoresistance, metastasis, and relapse. This can be attributed to the failure of conventional therapeutics to target a sub-population of slow cycling or quiescent cells called as cancer stem cells (CSCs). Therefore, elimination of CSCs is essential for effective TNBC treatment. PURPOSE Research suggests that breast CSCs exhibit elevated glycolytic metabolism which directly contributes in maintenance of stemness, self-renewability and chemoresistance as well as in tumor progression. Therefore, this study aimed to target rewired metabolism which can serve as Achilles heel for CSCs population and have far reaching effect in TNBC treatment. METHODS We used two preclinical models, zebrafish and nude mice to evaluate the fate of nanoparticles as well as the therapeutic efficacy of both piperlongumine (PL) and its nanomedicine (PL-NPs). RESULTS In this context, we explored a phytochemical piperlongumine (PL) which has potent anti-cancer properties but poor pharmacokinetics impedes its clinical translation. So, we developed PLGA based nanomedicine for PL (PL-NPs), and demonstrated that it overcomes the pharmacokinetic limitations of PL, along with imparting advantages of selective tumor targeting through Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) effect in zebrafish xenograft model. Further, we demonstrated that PL-NPs efficiently inhibit glycolysis in CSCs through inhibition of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) by modulating glutathione S-transferase pi 1 (GSTP1) and upregulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), a rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis. We also illustrated that inhibition of glycolysis results in overall tumor regression in two preclinical models. CONCLUSION This study discusses novel mechanism of action by which PL acts on CSCSs. Taken together our study provides insight into development of PL based nanomedicine which could be exploited in clinics to achieve complete eradication of TNBC by targeting CSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Singh
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Kaushik Sen
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Pratikshya Sa
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Auromira Khuntia
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Sunil K Raghav
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India
| | - Rajeeb K Swain
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India
| | - Sanjeeb Kumar Sahoo
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco square, Bhubaneswar 751 023, Odisha, India.
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11
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Lee B, Lee C, Moon HM, Jo SY, Jang SJ, Suh YA. Repurposing Metabolic Inhibitors in the Treatment of Colon Adenocarcinoma Patient-Derived Models. Cells 2023; 12:2859. [PMID: 38132178 PMCID: PMC10742000 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of agonists on AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mainly metformin and phenformin, has been appreciated in the treatment of multiple types of tumors. Specifically, the antitumor activity of phenformin has been demonstrated in melanomas containing the v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) activating mutation. In this report, we elucidated the synergistic antitumor effects of biguanides with metabolism inhibitors on colon tumors. Phenformin with 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) inhibited tumor cell growth in cancer cell lines, including HT29 cells harboring BRAF- and p53-mutations. Biochemical analyses showed that two chemotherapeutics exerted cooperative effects to reduce tumor growth through cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. The drugs demonstrated activity against phosphorylated ERK and the gain-of-function p53 mutant protein. To demonstrate tumor regressive effects in vivo, we established patient-derived models, including xenograft (PDX) and organoids (PDO). Co-treatment of biguanides with chemotherapeutics efficiently reduced the growth of patient-derived colon models in comparison to treatment with a single agent. These results strongly suggest that significant therapeutic advantages would be achieved by combining AMPK activators such as phenformin and cancer metabolic inhibitors such as 2DG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, The University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (H.-M.M.); (S.-Y.J.)
| | - ChuHee Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hae-Min Moon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, The University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (H.-M.M.); (S.-Y.J.)
| | - Se-Young Jo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, The University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (H.-M.M.); (S.-Y.J.)
| | - Se Jin Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, The University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (H.-M.M.); (S.-Y.J.)
| | - Young-Ah Suh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, The University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea; (B.L.); (H.-M.M.); (S.-Y.J.)
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12
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Zhou L, Wong C, Liu Y, Jiang W, Yang Q. Development and validation of stable ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related signatures in predicting prognosis and immune status in breast cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:3827-3838. [PMID: 37849388 PMCID: PMC10718145 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop and validate the predictive effects of stable ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related features on the prognosis and immune status of breast cancer (BC). We retrieved as well as downloaded ferroptosis- and pyroptosis-related genes from the FerrDb and GeneCards databases. The minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to construct a prognostic classifier combining the above two types of prognostic genes with differential expression, and the Integrated Gene Expression (GEO) dataset was used for validation. Seventeen genes presented a close association with BC prognosis. Thirteen key prognostic genes with prognostic value were considered to construct a new expression signature for classifying patients with BC into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a worse prognosis in the high-risk group. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate Cox regression analysis identified its predictive and independent features. Immune profile analysis showed that immunosuppressive cells were upregulated in the high-risk group, and this risk model was related to immunosuppressive molecules. We successfully constructed combined features of ferroptosis and pyroptosis in BC that are closely related to prognosis, clinicopathological and immune features, chemotherapy efficacy and immunosuppressive molecules. However, further experimental studies are required to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Chinting Wong
- Department of Nuclear MedicineThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Wenyan Jiang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of RadiologyThe First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunChina
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13
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Sobhi Amjad Z, Shojaeian A, Sadri Nahand J, Bayat M, Taghizadieh M, Rostamian M, Babaei F, Moghoofei M. Oncoviruses: Induction of cancer development and metastasis by increasing anoikis resistance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22598. [PMID: 38144298 PMCID: PMC10746446 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The phenomenon of cell death is a vital aspect in the regulation of aberrant cells such as cancer cells. Anoikis is a kind of cell death that occurs when cells get separated from the extracellular matrix. Some cancer cells can inhibit anoikis in order to progress metastasis. One of the key variables that might be implicated in anoikis resistance (AR) is viral infections. The most important viruses involved in this process are Epstein-Barr virus, human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, human herpes virus 8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and hepatitis C virus. A better understanding of how carcinogenic viruses suppress anoikis might be helpful in developing an effective treatment for virus-associated cancers. In the current study, we review the role of the mentioned viruses and their gene products in anoikis inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sobhi Amjad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ali Shojaeian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mobina Bayat
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Rostamian
- Nosocomial Infections Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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14
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Kansara S, Singh A, Badal AK, Rani R, Baligar P, Garg M, Pandey AK. The emerging regulatory roles of non-coding RNAs associated with glucose metabolism in breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2023; 95:1-12. [PMID: 37364663 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Altered energy metabolism is one of the hallmarks of tumorigenesis and essential for fulfilling the high demand for metabolic energy in a tumor through accelerating glycolysis and reprogramming the glycolysis metabolism through the Warburg effect. The dysregulated glucose metabolic pathways are coordinated not only by proteins coding genes but also by non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) during the initiation and cancer progression. The ncRNAs are responsible for regulating numerous cellular processes under developmental and pathological conditions. Recent studies have shown that various ncRNAs such as microRNAs, circular RNAs, and long noncoding RNAs are extensively involved in rewriting glucose metabolism in human cancers. In this review, we demonstrated the role of ncRNAs in the progression of breast cancer with a focus on outlining the aberrant expression of glucose metabolic pathways. Moreover, we have discussed the existing and probable future applications of ncRNAs to regulate energy pathways along with their importance in the prognosis, diagnosis, and future therapeutics for human breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarth Kansara
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Agrata Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Abhishesh Kumar Badal
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India
| | - Reshma Rani
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India
| | - Prakash Baligar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Manoj Garg
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201313, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Haryana 122413, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India.
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15
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Zhang H, Gao A, Liu Q, Zhang F, Wang S, Chen X, Shi W, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Zheng Y, Sun Y. ILT4 reprograms glucose metabolism to promote tumor progression in triple-negative breast cancer. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260964. [PMID: 37622462 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive and poorly treated subtype of breast cancer. Identifying novel drivers and mechanisms for tumor progression is essential for precise targeted therapy of TNBC. Immunoglobulin-like transcript 4 (ILT4; also known as LILRB2) is a classic myeloid suppressor for their activation and immune response. Our recent results found that ILT4 is also highly expressed in lung cancer cells, where it has a role in promoting immune evasion and thus tumor formation. However, the expression and function of ILT4 in breast cancer remains elusive. Here, using our patient cohort and public database analysis, we found that TNBC displayed the most abundant ILT4 expression among all breast cancer subtypes. Functionally, enriched ILT4 promoted TNBC cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro, as well as tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that ILT4 reprogrammed aerobic glycolysis of tumor cells via AKT-mTOR signaling-mediated glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3; also known as SLC2A3) and pyruvate kinase muscle 2 (PKM2, an isoform encoded by PKM) overexpression. ILT4 inhibition in TNBC reduced tumor progression and GLUT3 and PKM2 expression in vivo. Our study identified a novel driver for TNBC progression and proposed a promising strategy to combat TNBC by targeting ILT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiqin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
- Department of Oncology, Central hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Aiqin Gao
- Department of Thoracic Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qiaohong Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Central hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Shuyun Wang
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xiaozheng Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, Jinan Central Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Laboratory Animal Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250013 Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yuping Sun
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China
- Phase I Clinical Research Center, Shandong University Cancer Center, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Jinan, 250117 Shandong, P. R. China
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16
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Liang X, Tang S, Song Y, Li D, Zhang L, Wang S, Duan Y, Du H. Effect of 2-deoxyglucose-mediated inhibition of glycolysis on migration and invasion of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 159:104123. [PMID: 37487312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.104123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
The proper invasion of trophoblasts is crucial for embryo implantation and placental development, which is helpful to establish a correct maternal-fetal relationship. Trophoblasts can produce a large amount of lactate through aerobic glycolysis during early pregnancy. Lactate creates a low pH microenvironment around the embryo to help uterine tissue decompose and promote the invasion of trophoblasts. The purpose of this study is to reveal the the potential mechanism of aerobic glycolysis regulating the invasiveness of trophoblasts by investigating the effect of 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), a glycolysis inhibitor, on the biological function of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells, the expressions of epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) markers and invasion-related factors. 2-DG could inhibit the aerobic glycolysis of trophoblasts and decrease the activity of trophoblasts in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 2-DG inhibited the EMT of HTR-8/SVneo cells, down-regulated the expression of invasion-related factors matrix metalloproteinase 2/9 (MMP2/9) and up-regulated the expression of tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases 1/2 (TIMP1/2), thus inhibiting cell migration and invasion. This paper provides a foundation in the significance of aerobic glycolysis of trophoblasts in the process of invasion, and also provides ideas and insights for the promotion of embryo implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Siling Tang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yajing Song
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yancang Duan
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-kidney Patterns, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huilan Du
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine on Reproductive Disease, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Liver-kidney Patterns, Shijiazhuang, China.
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17
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Garimella SV, Gampa SC, Chaturvedi P. Mitochondria in Cancer Stem Cells: From an Innocent Bystander to a Central Player in Therapy Resistance. Stem Cells Cloning 2023; 16:19-41. [PMID: 37641714 PMCID: PMC10460581 DOI: 10.2147/sccaa.s417842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer continues to rank among the world's leading causes of mortality despite advancements in treatment. Cancer stem cells, which can self-renew, are present in low abundance and contribute significantly to tumor recurrence, tumorigenicity, and drug resistance to various therapies. The drug resistance observed in cancer stem cells is attributed to several factors, such as cellular quiescence, dormancy, elevated aldehyde dehydrogenase activity, apoptosis evasion mechanisms, high expression of drug efflux pumps, protective vascular niche, enhanced DNA damage response, scavenging of reactive oxygen species, hypoxic stability, and stemness-related signaling pathways. Multiple studies have shown that mitochondria play a pivotal role in conferring drug resistance to cancer stem cells, through mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, and dynamics. A better understanding of how mitochondria contribute to tumorigenesis, heterogeneity, and drug resistance could lead to the development of innovative cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sireesha V Garimella
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Siri Chandana Gampa
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India
| | - Pankaj Chaturvedi
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
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18
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Dai Y, Zhang X, Ou Y, Zou L, Zhang D, Yang Q, Qin Y, Du X, Li W, Yuan Z, Xiao Z, Wen Q. Anoikis resistance--protagonists of breast cancer cells survive and metastasize after ECM detachment. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:190. [PMID: 37537585 PMCID: PMC10399053 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01183-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer exhibits the highest global incidence among all tumor types. Regardless of the type of breast cancer, metastasis is a crucial cause of poor prognosis. Anoikis, a form of apoptosis initiated by cell detachment from the native environment, is an outside-in process commencing with the disruption of cytosolic connectors such as integrin-ECM and cadherin-cell. This disruption subsequently leads to intracellular cytoskeletal and signaling pathway alterations, ultimately activating caspases and initiating programmed cell death. Development of an anoikis-resistant phenotype is a critical initial step in tumor metastasis. Breast cancer employs a series of stromal alterations to suppress anoikis in cancer cells. Comprehensive investigation of anoikis resistance mechanisms can inform strategies for preventing and regressing metastatic breast cancer. The present review first outlines the physiological mechanisms of anoikis, elucidating the alterations in signaling pathways, cytoskeleton, and protein targets that transpire from the outside in upon adhesion loss in normal breast cells. The specific anoikis resistance mechanisms induced by pathological changes in various spatial structures during breast cancer development are also discussed. Additionally, the genetic loci of targets altered in the development of anoikis resistance in breast cancer, are summarized. Finally, the micro-RNAs and targeted drugs reported in the literature concerning anoikis are compiled, with keratocin being the most functionally comprehensive. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalan Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Department of Oncology, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yingjun Ou
- Clinical Medicine School, Southwest Medicial Univercity, Luzhou, China
- Orthopaedics, Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture People's Hospital, Kangding, China
| | - Linglin Zou
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Duoli Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qingfan Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiuju Du
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | | | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
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19
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Chapdelaine AG, Sun G. Challenges and Opportunities in Developing Targeted Therapies for Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1207. [PMID: 37627272 PMCID: PMC10452226 DOI: 10.3390/biom13081207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous group of breast cancers characterized by their lack of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and the HER2 receptor. They are more aggressive than other breast cancer subtypes, with a higher mean tumor size, higher tumor grade, the worst five-year overall survival, and the highest rates of recurrence and metastasis. Developing targeted therapies for TNBC has been a major challenge due to its heterogeneity, and its treatment still largely relies on surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In this review article, we review the efforts in developing targeted therapies for TNBC, discuss insights gained from these efforts, and highlight potential opportunities going forward. Accumulating evidence supports TNBCs as multi-driver cancers, in which multiple oncogenic drivers promote cell proliferation and survival. In such multi-driver cancers, targeted therapies would require drug combinations that simultaneously block multiple oncogenic drivers. A strategy designed to generate mechanism-based combination targeted therapies for TNBC is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gongqin Sun
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
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20
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Sharma RK, Chafik A, Bertolin G. Aurora kinase A/AURKA functionally interacts with the mitochondrial ATP synthase to regulate energy metabolism and cell death. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:203. [PMID: 37386025 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01501-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells often hijack metabolic pathways to obtain the energy required to sustain their proliferation. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer cell metabolism is key to fine-tune the metabolic preference of specific tumors, and potentially offer new therapeutic strategies. Here, we show that the pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial Complex V delays the cell cycle by arresting breast cancer cell models in the G0/G1 phase. Under these conditions, the abundance of the multifunctional protein Aurora kinase A/AURKA is specifically lowered. We then demonstrate that AURKA functionally interacts with the mitochondrial Complex V core subunits ATP5F1A and ATP5F1B. Altering the AURKA/ATP5F1A/ATP5F1B nexus is sufficient to trigger G0/G1 arrest, and this is accompanied by decreased glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration rates. Last, we discover that the roles of the AURKA/ATP5F1A/ATP5F1B nexus depend on the specific metabolic propensity of triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, where they correlate with cell fate. On one hand, the nexus induces G0/G1 arrest in cells relying on oxidative phosphorylation as the main source of energy. On the other hand, it allows to bypass cell cycle arrest and it triggers cell death in cells with a glycolytic metabolism. Altogether, we provide evidence that AURKA and mitochondrial Complex V subunits cooperate to maintain cell metabolism in breast cancer cells. Our work paves the way to novel anti-cancer therapies targeting the AURKA/ATP5F1A/ATP5F1B nexus to lower cancer cell metabolism and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Abderrahman Chafik
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Giulia Bertolin
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, IGDR (Institute of Genetics and Development of Rennes), UMR 6290, F-35000, Rennes, France.
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21
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Samuel SM, Varghese E, Satheesh NJ, Triggle CR, Büsselberg D. Metabolic heterogeneity in TNBCs: A potential determinant of therapeutic efficacy of 2-deoxyglucose and metformin combinatory therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114911. [PMID: 37224753 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancers (BCs) remain the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Among the different types of BCs, treating the highly aggressive, invasive, and metastatic triple-negative BCs (TNBCs) that do not respond to hormonal/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) targeted interventions since they lack ER/PR/HER2 receptors remains challenging. While almost all BCs depend on glucose metabolism for their proliferation and survival, studies indicate that TNBCs are highly dependent on glucose metabolism compared to non-TNBC malignancies. Hence, limiting/inhibiting glucose metabolism in TNBCs should curb cell proliferation and tumor growth. Previous reports, including ours, have shown the efficacy of metformin, the most widely prescribed antidiabetic drug, in reducing cell proliferation and growth in MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells. In the current study, we investigated and compared the anticancer effects of either metformin (2 mM) in glucose-starved or 2-deoxyglucose (10 mM; glycolytic inhibitor; 2DG) exposed MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 TNBC cells. Assays for cell proliferation, rate of glycolysis, cell viability, and cell-cycle analysis were performed. The status of proteins of the mTOR pathway was assessed by Western blot analysis. Metformin treatment in glucose-starved and 2DG (10 mM) exposed TNBC cells inhibited the mTOR pathway compared to non-treated glucose-starved cells or 2DG/metformin alone treated controls. Cell proliferation is also significantly reduced under these combination treatment conditions. The results indicate that combining a glycolytic inhibitor and metformin could prove an efficient therapeutic approach for treating TNBCs, albeit the efficacy of the combination treatment may depend on metabolic heterogeneity across various subtypes of TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
| | - Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Noothan Jyothi Satheesh
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Chris R Triggle
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar.
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22
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Warrier NM, Kelkar N, Johnson CT, Govindarajan T, Prabhu V, Kumar P. Understanding cancer stem cells and plasticity: Towards better therapeutics. Eur J Cell Biol 2023; 102:151321. [PMID: 37137199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2023.151321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of cancer cells to finally overcome various lines of treatment in due course has always baffled the scientific community. Even with the most promising therapies, relapse is ultimately seen, and this resilience has proved to be a major hurdle in the management of cancer. Accumulating evidence now attributes this resilience to plasticity. Plasticity is the ability of cells to change their properties and is substantial as it helps in normal tissue regeneration or post-injury repair processes. It also helps in the overall maintenance of homeostasis. Unfortunately, this critical ability of cells, when activated incorrectly, can lead to numerous diseases, including cancer. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the plasticity aspect with an emphasis on cancer stem cells (CSCs). We discuss the various forms of plasticity that provide survival advantages to CSCs. Moreover, we explore various factors that affect plasticity. Furthermore, we provide the therapeutic implications of plasticity. Finally, we provide an insight into the future targeted therapies involving plasticity for better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neerada Meenakshi Warrier
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nachiket Kelkar
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Carol Tresa Johnson
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Vijendra Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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23
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Wang K, Li Q, Fan Y, Fang P, Zhou H, Huang J. OBHS Drives Abnormal Glycometabolis Reprogramming via GLUT1 in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087136. [PMID: 37108300 PMCID: PMC10138908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the poor metabolic conditions fomenting the emergence of the Warburg effect (WE) phenotype, abnormal glycometabolism has become a unique and fundamental research topic in the field of tumor biology. Moreover, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinism are associated with poor outcomes in patients with breast cancer. However, there are a few studies on anticancer drugs targeting glycometabolism in breast cancer. We hypothesized that Oxabicycloheptene sulfonate (OBHS), a class of compounds that function as selective estrogen receptor modulators, may hold potential in a therapy for breast cancer glycometabolism. Here, we evaluated concentrations of glucose, glucose transporters, lactate, 40 metabolic intermediates, and glycolytic enzymes using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and targeted metabolomic analysis in, in vitro and in vivo breast cancer models. OBHS significantly inhibited the expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to suppress breast cancer progression and proliferation. Following an investigation of the modulatory effect of OBHS on breast cancer cells, we found that OBHS suppressed the glucose phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation of glycolytic enzymes, leading to the decreased biological synthesis of ATP. This study was novel in highlighting the role of OBHS in the remodeling of tumor glycometabolism in breast cancer, and this is worth further investigation of breast cancer in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qiuzi Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yufeng Fan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Pingping Fang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Haibing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Hubei Province Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fluorinated Pharmaceuticals, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Donghu Road, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Bayi Road, Wuhan 430072, China
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24
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Munkácsy G, Santarpia L, Győrffy B. Therapeutic Potential of Tumor Metabolic Reprogramming in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086945. [PMID: 37108109 PMCID: PMC10138520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with clinical features of high metastatic potential, susceptibility to relapse, and poor prognosis. TNBC lacks the expression of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). It is characterized by genomic and transcriptional heterogeneity and a tumor microenvironment (TME) with the presence of high levels of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), immunogenicity, and an important immunosuppressive landscape. Recent evidence suggests that metabolic changes in the TME play a key role in molding tumor development by impacting the stromal and immune cell fractions, TME composition, and activation. Hence, a complex inter-talk between metabolic and TME signaling in TNBC exists, highlighting the possibility of uncovering and investigating novel therapeutic targets. A better understanding of the interaction between the TME and tumor cells, and the underlying molecular mechanisms of cell-cell communication signaling, may uncover additional targets for better therapeutic strategies in TNBC treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss the mechanisms in tumor metabolic reprogramming, linking these changes to potential targetable molecular mechanisms to generate new, physical science-inspired clinical translational insights for the cure of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyöngyi Munkácsy
- National Laboratory for Drug Research and Development, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
- Oncology Biomarker Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Enzymology, Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Balázs Győrffy
- Department of Bioinformatics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 5-7, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Tűzoltó u. 5-7, 1094 Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Sattari Fard F, Jalilzadeh N, Mehdizadeh A, Sajjadian F, Velaei K. Understanding and targeting anoikis in metastasis for cancer therapies. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:683-698. [PMID: 36453448 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective treatments for cancers requires investigations for a more detailed and comprehensive understanding of the basic cellular mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and metastasis. One of those driving mechanisms is anoikis, a special type of apoptosis, which is induced by losing anchorage from the extracellular matrix (ECM). In other words, resisting death in detached cells (cells without ECM) forms an anoikis-resistant phenotype. Since the anoikis-resistance state compensates for the initial steps of cancer metastasis, this review aimed to discuss mechanisms of gaining anoikis/anoikis resistance phenotype in tumor cells. Finally, we highlighted the significance of anoikis in malignancies so as to provide clear insight into cancer diagnosis and therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Sattari Fard
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nazila Jalilzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fakhrosadat Sajjadian
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Para-Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kobra Velaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Su M, Shan S, Gao Y, Dai M, Wang H, He C, Zhao M, Liang Z, Wan S, Yang J, Cai H. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose simultaneously targets glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling to inhibit cervical cancer progression. IUBMB Life 2023. [PMID: 36809563 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common female malignant tumors, with typical cancer metabolism characteristics of increased glycolysis flux and lactate accumulation. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a glycolysis inhibitor that acts on hexokinase, the first rate-limiting enzyme in the glycolysis pathway. In this research, we demonstrated that 2-DG effectively reduced glycolysis and impaired mitochondrial function in cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and SiHa. Cell function experiments revealed that 2-DG significantly inhibited cell growth, migration, and invasion, and induced G0/G1 phase arrest at non-cytotoxic concentrations. In addition, we found that 2-DG down-regulated Wingless-type (Wnt)/β-catenin signaling. Mechanistically, 2-DG accelerated the degradation of β-catenin protein, which resulted in the decrease of β-catenin expression in both nucleus and cytoplasm. The Wnt agonist lithium chloride and β-catenin overexpression vector could partially reverse the inhibition of malignant phenotype by 2-DG. These data suggested that 2-DG exerted its anti-cancer effects on cervical cancer by co-targeting glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. As expected, the combination of 2-DG and Wnt inhibitor synergistically inhibited cell growth. It is noteworthy that, down-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling also inhibited glycolysis, indicating a similar positive feedback regulation between glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In conclusion, we investigated the molecular mechanism by which 2-DG inhibits the progression of cervical cancer in vitro, elucidated the interregulation between glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and preliminarily explored the effect of combined targeting of glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signaling on cell proliferation, which provides more possibilities for the formulation of subsequent clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Su
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shidong Shan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Dai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Can He
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengna Zhao
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Liang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shimeng Wan
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Yang
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Biological Behavior, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.,Hubei Clinical Cancer Study Center, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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27
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Afonso J, Gonçalves C, Costa M, Ferreira D, Santos L, Longatto-Filho A, Baltazar F. Glucose Metabolism Reprogramming in Bladder Cancer: Hexokinase 2 (HK2) as Prognostic Biomarker and Target for Bladder Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030982. [PMID: 36765947 PMCID: PMC9913750 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proliferating cancer cells are able to reprogram their energy metabolism, favouring glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen and fully functioning mitochondria. Research is needed to validate the glycolysis-related proteins as prognostic/predictive biomarkers in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC), a malignancy tagged by high recurrence rates and poor response to chemotherapy. Here, we assessed GLUT1, HK2, PFKL, PKM2, phospho-PDH, and LDHA immunoexpression in 76 UBC samples, differentiating among urothelial, fibroblast, and endothelial cells and among normoxic versus hypoxic areas. We additionally studied the functional effects of the HK2 inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) in "in vitro" and "in vivo" preclinical UBC models. We showed that the expression of the glycolysis-related proteins is associated with UBC aggressiveness and poor prognosis. HK2 remained as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free and overall survival. 2DG decreased the UBC cell's viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion; the inhibition of cell cycle progression and apoptosis occurrence was also verified. A significant reduction in tumour growth and blood vessel formation upon 2DG treatment was observed in the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. 2DG potentiated the cisplatin-induced inhibition of cell viability in a cisplatin-resistant subline. This study highlights HK2 as a prognostic biomarker for UBC patients and demonstrates the potential benefits of using 2DG as a glycolysis inhibitor. Future studies should focus on integrating 2DG into chemotherapy design, as an attempt to overcome cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julieta Afonso
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Céline Gonçalves
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marta Costa
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Débora Ferreira
- Centre of Biological Engineering (CEB), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Lúcio Santos
- Experimental Pathology and Therapeutics Group, Research Center of the Portuguese Institute of Oncology (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (P.CCC), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adhemar Longatto-Filho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM14), Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University, São Paulo 01049-010, Brazil
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-253-60-48-28
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28
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Liu S, Li Y, Yuan M, Song Q, Liu M. Correlation between the Warburg effect and progression of triple-negative breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1060495. [PMID: 36776368 PMCID: PMC9913723 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1060495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is ineligible for hormonal therapy and Her-2-targeted therapy due to the negative expression of the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2. Although targeted therapy and immunotherapy have been shown to attenuate the aggressiveness of TNBC partially, few patients have benefited from them. The conventional treatment for TNBC remains chemotherapy. Chemoresistance, however, impedes therapeutic progress over time, and chemotherapy toxicity increases the burden of cancer on patients. Therefore, introducing more advantageous TNBC treatment options is a necessity. Metabolic reprogramming centered on glucose metabolism is considered a hallmark of tumors. It is described as tumor cells tend to convert glucose to lactate even under normoxic conditions, a phenomenon known as the Warburg effect. Similar to Darwinian evolution, its emergence is attributed to the selective pressures formed by the hypoxic microenvironment of pre-malignant lesions. Of note, the Warburg effect does not disappear with changes in the microenvironment after the formation of malignant tumor phenotypes. Instead, it forms a constitutive expression mediated by mutations or epigenetic modifications, providing a robust selective survival advantage for primary and metastatic lesions. Expanding evidence has demonstrated that the Warburg effect mediates multiple invasive behaviors in TNBC, including proliferation, metastasis, recurrence, immune escape, and multidrug resistance. Moreover, the Warburg effect-targeted therapy has been testified to be feasible in inhibiting TNBC progression. However, not all TNBCs are sensitive to glycolysis inhibitors because TNBC cells flexibly switch their metabolic patterns to cope with different survival pressures, namely metabolic plasticity. Between the Warburg effect-targeted medicines and the actual curative effect, metabolic plasticity creates a divide that must be continuously researched and bridged.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qing Song
- *Correspondence: Min Liu, ; Qing Song,
| | - Min Liu
- *Correspondence: Min Liu, ; Qing Song,
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29
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Wu JC, Huang CC, Wang PW, Chen TY, Hsu WM, Chuang JH, Chuang HC. ONC201 Suppresses Neuroblastoma Growth by Interrupting Mitochondrial Function and Reactivating Nuclear ATRX Expression While Decreasing MYCN. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021649. [PMID: 36675163 PMCID: PMC9867473 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is characterized by several malignant phenotypes that are difficult to treat effectively without combination therapy. The therapeutic implication of mitochondrial ClpXP protease ClpP and ClpX has been verified in several malignancies, but is unknown in NB. Firstly, we observed a significant increase in ClpP and ClpX expression in immature and mature ganglion cells as compared to more malignant neuroblasts and less malignant Schwannian-stroma-dominant cell types in human neuroblastoma tissues. We used ONC201 targeting ClpXP to treat NB cells, and found a significant suppression of mitochondrial protease, i.e., ClpP and ClpX, expression and downregulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain subunits SDHB and NDUFS1. The latter was associated with a state of energy depletion, increased reactive oxygen species, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, consequently promoting apoptosis and suppressing cell growth of NB. Treatment of NB cells with ONC201 as well as the genetic attenuation of ClpP and ClpX through specific short interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in the significant upregulation of the tumor suppressor alpha thalassemia/mental retardation X-linked (ATRX) and promotion of neurite outgrowth, implicating mitochondrial ClpXP proteases in MYCN-amplified NB cell differentiation. Furthermore, ONC201 treatment significantly decreased MYCN protein expression and suppressed tumor formation with the reactivation of ATRX expression in MYCN-amplified NB-cell-derived xenograft tumors. Taken together, ONC201 could be the potential agent to provide diversified therapeutic application in NB, particularly in NB with MYCN amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ching Wu
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Cheng Huang
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Biobank and Tissue Bank, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wen Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ya Chen
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Hsu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Haur Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Chuang
- Center for Mitochondrial Research and Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-7317123 (ext. 8896); Fax: +886-7-7311696
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30
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Tanawattanasuntorn T, Rattanaburee T, Thongpanchang T, Graidist P. Trans-(±)-Kusunokinin Binding to AKR1B1 Inhibits Oxidative Stress and Proteins Involved in Migration in Aggressive Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122347. [PMID: 36552555 PMCID: PMC9774946 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic trans-(±)-kusunokinin ((±)KU), a potential anticancer substance, was revealed to have an inhibitory effect on breast cancer. According to the computational modeling prediction, AKR1B1, an oxidative stress and cancer migration protein, could be a target protein of trans-(-)-kusunokinin. In this study, we determined the binding of (±)KU and AKR1B1 on triple-negative breast and non-serous ovarian cancers. We found that (±)KU exhibited a cytotoxic effect that was significantly stronger than zopolrestat (ZP) and epalrestat (EP) (known AKR1B1 inhibitors) on breast and ovarian cancer cells. (±)KU inhibited aldose reductase activity that was stronger than trans-(-)-arctiin ((-)AR) but weaker than ZP and EP. Interestingly, (±)KU stabilized AKR1B1 on SKOV3 and Hs578T cells after being heated at 60 and 75 °C, respectively. (±)KU decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress marker, on Hs578T cells in a dose-dependent manner and the suppression was stronger than EP. Furthermore, (±)KU downregulated AKR1B1 and its downstream proteins, including PKC-δ, NF-κB, AKT, Nrf2, COX2, Twist2 and N-cadherin and up-regulated E-cadherin. (±)KU showed an inhibitory effect on AKR1B1 and its downstream proteins, similar to siRNA-AKR1B1. Interestingly, the combination of siRNA-AKR1B1 with EP or (±)KU showed a greater effect on the suppression of AKR1B1, N-cadherin, E-cadherin and NF-κB than single treatments. Taken together, we concluded that (±)KU-bound AKR1B1 leads to the attenuation of cellular oxidative stress, as well as the aggressiveness of breast cancer cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanotnon Tanawattanasuntorn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Thidarath Rattanaburee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - Tienthong Thongpanchang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Potchanapond Graidist
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-74-45-1184
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Nguyen A, Kim AH, Kang MK, Park NH, Kim RH, Kim Y, Shin KH. Chronic Alcohol Exposure Promotes Cancer Stemness and Glycolysis in Oral/Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines by Activating NFAT Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179779. [PMID: 36077186 PMCID: PMC9456298 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is associated with an increased risk of several cancers, including oral/oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Alcohol also enhances the progression and aggressiveness of existing cancers; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Especially, the local carcinogenic effects of alcohol on OSCC in closest contact with ingestion of alcohol are poorly understood. We demonstrated that chronic ethanol exposure to OSCC increased cancer stem cell (CSC) populations and their stemness features, including self-renewal capacity, expression of stem cell markers, ALDH activity, and migration ability. The ethanol exposure also led to a significant increase in aerobic glycolysis. Moreover, increased aerobic glycolytic activity was required to support the stemness phenotype of ethanol-exposed OSCC, suggesting a molecular coupling between cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming. We further demonstrated that chronic ethanol exposure activated NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) signaling in OSCC. Functional studies revealed that pharmacological and genetic inhibition of NFAT suppressed CSC phenotype and aerobic glycolysis in ethanol-exposed OSCC. Collectively, chronic ethanol exposure promotes cancer stemness and aerobic glycolysis via activation of NFAT signaling. Our study provides a novel insight into the roles of cancer stemness and metabolic reprogramming in the molecular mechanism of alcohol-mediated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Nguyen
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anna H. Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mo K. Kang
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - No-Hee Park
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Reuben H. Kim
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yong Kim
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Cancer Epigenetics, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Broad Stem Cell Research Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (K.-H.S.)
| | - Ki-Hyuk Shin
- The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- UCLA Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.K.); (K.-H.S.)
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Khajah MA, Khushaish S, Luqmani YA. Glucose deprivation reduces proliferation and motility, and enhances the anti-proliferative effects of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in breast cell lines in vitro. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272449. [PMID: 35917304 PMCID: PMC9345370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer chemotherapy with high dose alkylating agents is severely limited by their collateral toxicity to crucial normal tissues such as immune and gut cells. Taking advantage of the selective dependence of cancer cells on high glucose and combining glucose deprivation with these agents could produce therapeutic synergy. Methods In this study we examined the effect of glucose as well as its deprivation, and antagonism using the non-metabolized analogue 2-deoxy glucose, on the proliferation of several breast cancer cell lines MCF7, MDA-MB-231, YS1.2 and pII and one normal breast cell line, using the MTT assay. Motility was quantitatively assessed using the wound healing assay. Lactate, as the end product of anaerobic glucose metabolism, secreted into culture medium was measured by a biochemical assay. The effect of paclitaxel and doxorubicin on cell proliferation was tested in the absence and presence of low concentrations of glucose using MTT assay. Results In all cell lines, glucose supplementation enhanced while glucose deprivation reduced both their proliferation and motility. Lactate added to the medium could substitute for glucose. The inhibitory effects of paclitaxel and doxorubicin were significantly enhanced when glucose concentration was decreased in the culture medium, requiring 1000-fold lesser concentration to achieve a similar degree of inhibition to that seen in glucose-containing medium. Conclusion Our data show that a synergy was obtained by combining paclitaxel and doxorubicin with glucose reduction to inhibit cancer cell growth, which in vivo, might be achieved by applying a carbohydrate-restricted diet during the limited phase of application of chemotherapy; this could permit a dose reduction of the cytotoxic agents, resulting in greater tolerance and lesser side effects.
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Khan SU, Fatima K, Malik F. Understanding the cell survival mechanism of anoikis-resistant cancer cells during different steps of metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2022; 39:715-726. [PMID: 35829806 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-022-10172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Anchorage-independent survival of cancer cells is associated with metastasis as it enables cells to travel to secondary target sites. Tissue integrity is generally maintained by detachment-induced cell death called 'anoikis', but cancer cells undergoing the multistep metastatic process show resistance to anoikis. Anoikis resistance enables these cells to survive through the extracellular matrix (ECM) deprived phase, which starts when cancer cells detach and move into the circulation till cells reach to the secondary target site. Comprehensive analysis of the molecular and functional biology of anoikis resistance in cancer cells will provide crucial details about cancer metastasis, enabling us to identify novel therapeutic targets against cancer cell dissemination and ultimately secondary tumor formation. This review broadly summarizes recent advances in the understanding of cellular and molecular events leading to anoikis and anoikis resistance. It further elaborates more about the signaling cross-talk in anoikis resistance and its regulation during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Ullah Khan
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, 190005, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, 190005, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), 201002, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Fayaz Malik
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Sanat Nagar, 190005, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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2-Deoxy-D-glucose increases the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to BCNU through the regulation of glycolysis, ROS and ERS pathways: In vitro and in vivo validation. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 199:115029. [PMID: 35381210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs) exert antitumor activity via producing dG-dC interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). However, tumor resistance make it necessary to find novel strategies to improve the therapeutic effect of CENUs. 2-Deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) is a well-known glycolytic inhibitor, which can reprogram tumor energy metabolism closely related to tumor resistance. Here, we investigated the chemosensitization effect of 2-DG on l,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) against glioblastoma cells and the underlying mechanisms. We found that 2-DG significantly increased the inhibitory effects of BCNU on tumor cells compared with BCNU alone, while 2-DG showed no obvious enhancing effect on the BCNU-induced cytotoxicity for normal HaCaT and HA1800 cells. Proliferation, migration and invasion determinations presented the same trend as survival on tumor cells. 2-DG plus BCNU increased the energy deficiency through a more effective inhibition of glycolytic pathway. Notably, the combination of 2-DG and BCNU aggravated oxidative stress in glioblastoma cells, along with a significant decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels, and an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Subsequently, we demonstrated that the combination treatment led to increased apoptosis via activating mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related apoptosis pathways. Finally, we found that the dG-dC level was significantly increased after 2-DG pretreatment compared to BCNU alone by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. Finally, in vivo, 2-DG plus BCNU significantly suppressed tumor growth with lower side effects compared with BCNU alone in tumor-bearing mice. In summary, we proposed that 2-DG may have potential to increase the sensitivity of glioblastoma cells to BCNU by regulating glycolysis, ROS and ERS pathways in clinical setting.
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Tőkés AM, Vári-Kakas S, Kulka J, Törőcsik B. Tumor Glucose and Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Context of Anthracycline and Taxane-Based (Neo)Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Carcinomas. Front Oncol 2022; 12:850401. [PMID: 35433453 PMCID: PMC9008716 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.850401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is characterized by considerable metabolic diversity. A relatively high percentage of patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma do not respond to standard-of-care treatment, and alteration in metabolic pathways nowadays is considered one of the major mechanisms responsible for therapeutic resistance. Consequently, there is an emerging need to understand how metabolism shapes therapy response, therapy resistance and not ultimately to analyze the metabolic changes occurring after different treatment regimens. The most commonly applied neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in breast cancer contain an anthracycline (doxorubicin or epirubicin) in combination or sequentially administered with taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel). Despite several efforts, drug resistance is still frequent in many types of breast cancer, decreasing patients’ survival. Understanding how tumor cells rapidly rewire their signaling pathways to persist after neoadjuvant cancer treatment have to be analyzed in detail and in a more complex system to enable scientists to design novel treatment strategies that target different aspects of tumor cells and tumor resistance. Tumor heterogeneity, the rapidly changing environmental context, differences in nutrient use among different cell types, the cooperative or competitive relationships between cells pose additional challenges in profound analyzes of metabolic changes in different breast carcinoma subtypes and treatment protocols. Delineating the contribution of metabolic pathways to tumor differentiation, progression, and resistance to different drugs is also the focus of research. The present review discusses the changes in glucose and fatty acid pathways associated with the most frequently applied chemotherapeutic drugs in breast cancer, as well the underlying molecular mechanisms and corresponding novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Mária Tőkés
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Anna Mária Tőkés,
| | - Stefan Vári-Kakas
- Department of Computers and Information Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Janina Kulka
- 2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta Törőcsik
- Department of Biochemistry, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
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Hellemann E, Walker JL, Lesko MA, Chandrashekarappa DG, Schmidt MC, O’Donnell AF, Durrant JD. Novel mutation in hexokinase 2 confers resistance to 2-deoxyglucose by altering protein dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2022; 18:e1009929. [PMID: 35235554 PMCID: PMC8920189 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose is central to many biological processes, serving as an energy source and a building block for biosynthesis. After glucose enters the cell, hexokinases convert it to glucose-6-phosphate (Glc-6P) for use in anaerobic fermentation, aerobic oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose-phosphate pathway. We here describe a genetic screen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae that generated a novel spontaneous mutation in hexokinase-2, hxk2G238V, that confers resistance to the toxic glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2DG). Wild-type hexokinases convert 2DG to 2-deoxyglucose-6-phosphate (2DG-6P), but 2DG-6P cannot support downstream glycolysis, resulting in a cellular starvation-like response. Curiously, though the hxk2G238V mutation encodes a loss-of-function allele, the affected amino acid does not interact directly with bound glucose, 2DG, or ATP. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that Hxk2G238V impedes sugar binding by altering the protein dynamics of the glucose-binding cleft, as well as the large-scale domain-closure motions required for catalysis. These findings shed new light on Hxk2 dynamics and highlight how allosteric changes can influence catalysis, providing new structural insights into this critical regulator of carbohydrate metabolism. Given that hexokinases are upregulated in some cancers and that 2DG and its derivatives have been studied in anti-cancer trials, the present work also provides insights that may apply to cancer biology and drug resistance. Glucose fuels many of the energy-production processes required for normal cell growth. Before glucose can participate in these processes, it must first be chemically modified by proteins called hexokinases. To better understand how hexokinases modify glucose—and how mutations in hexokinase genes might confer drug resistance—we evolved resistance in yeast to a toxic hexokinase-binding molecule called 2DG. We discovered a mutation in the hexokinase gene that confers 2DG resistance and reduces the protein’s ability to modify glucose. Biochemical analyses and computer simulations of the hexokinase protein suggest that the mutation diminishes glucose binding by altering enzyme flexibility. This work shows how cells can evolve resistance to toxins via only modest changes to protein structures. Furthermore, because cancer-cell hexokinases are particularly active, 2DG has been studied as cancer chemotherapy. Thus, the insights this work provides might also apply to cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erich Hellemann
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Walker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mitchell A. Lesko
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Dakshayini G. Chandrashekarappa
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Martin C. Schmidt
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Allyson F. O’Donnell
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFO); (JDD)
| | - Jacob D. Durrant
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AFO); (JDD)
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Design of a Novel Recombinant Multi-Epitope Vaccine against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2022; 26:160-74. [PMID: 35090304 PMCID: PMC8987416 DOI: 10.52547/ibj.26.2.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is determined by the absence of ERBB2, estrogen and progesterone receptors’ expression. Cancer vaccines, as the novel immunotherapy strategies, have emerged as promising tools for treating the advanced stage of TNBC. The aim of this study was to evaluate Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Metadherin (MTDH), and Mucin 1 (MUC-1) proteins as vaccine candidates against TNBC. Methods In this research, a novel vaccine was designed against TNBC by using different immunoinformatics and bioinformatics approaches. Effective immunodominant epitopes were chosen from three antigenic proteins, namely CEA, MTDH, and MUC-1. Recombinant TLR4 agonists were utilized as an adjuvant to stimulate immune responses. Following the selection of antigens and adjuvants, appropriate linkers were chosen to generate the final recombinant protein. To achieve an excellent 3D model, the best predicted 3D model was required to be refined and validated. To demonstrate whether the vaccine/TLR4 complex is stable or not, we performed docking analysis and dynamic molecular simulation. Result Immunoinformatics and bioinformatics evaluations of the designed construct demonstrated that this vaccine candidate could effectively be used as a therapeutic armament against TNBC. Conclusion Bioinformatics studies revealed that the designed vaccine has an acceptable quality. Investigating the effectiveness of this vaccine can be confirmed by supplementary in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Cell line-directed breast cancer research based on glucose metabolism status. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 146:112526. [PMID: 34906774 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a potential hallmark of tumor cells to support continuous proliferation. Metabolic heterogeneity in breast cancer patients has been highlighted as the driving cause of tumor progression and resistance to anticancer drugs. Studying and identifying distinct metabolic alterations in breast cancer subtypes could offer new perspectives for faster diagnosis and treatment. Given cancer cell dependency on glycolysis, the primary energy source, this enzymatic pathway will play a critical role in targeting therapies. Knowledge about the specific metabolic dependencies of tumors for growth and proliferation can be promising for novel targeted and cell-based therapies. Here, the metabolic status with emphasis on glycolysis of breast cancer cell lines according to their classification was reviewed.
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Dadgar T, Ebrahimi N, Gholipour AR, Akbari M, Khani L, Ahmadi A, Hamblin MR. Targeting the metabolism of cancer stem cells by energy disruptor molecules. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 169:103545. [PMID: 34838705 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in various tumor types. CSCs are believed to contribute to tumor metastasis and resistance to conventional therapy. So targeting these cells could be an effective strategy to eliminate tumors and a promising new type of cancer treatment. Alterations in metabolism play an essential role in CSC biology and their resistance to treatment. The metabolic properties pathways in CSCs are different from normal cells, and to some extent, are different from regular tumor cells. Interestingly, CSCs can use other nutrients for their metabolism and growth. The different metabolism causes increased sensitivity of CSCs to agents that disrupt cellular homeostasis. Compounds that interfere with the central metabolic pathways are known as energy disruptors and can reduce CSC survival. This review highlights the differences between regular cancer cells and CSC metabolism and discusses the action mechanisms of energy disruptors at the cellular and molecular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahere Dadgar
- Department of Biology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Nasim Ebrahimi
- Division of Genetics, Department of Cell and Molecular & Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Gholipour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Maryam Akbari
- Department of Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Faculty of Nano and Bio Science and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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Kaur J, Bhattacharyya S. Cancer Stem Cells: Metabolic Characterization for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:756888. [PMID: 34804950 PMCID: PMC8602811 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.756888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The subpopulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within tumor bulk are known for tumor recurrence and metastasis. CSCs show intrinsic resistance to conventional therapies and phenotypic plasticity within the tumor, which make these a difficult target for conventional therapies. CSCs have different metabolic phenotypes based on their needs as compared to the bulk cancer cells. CSCs show metabolic plasticity and constantly alter their metabolic state between glycolysis and oxidative metabolism (OXPHOS) to adapt to scarcity of nutrients and therapeutic stress. The metabolic characteristics of CSCs are distinct compared to non-CSCs and thus provide an opportunity to devise more effective strategies to target CSCs. Mechanism for metabolic switch in CSCs is still unravelled, however existing evidence suggests that tumor microenvironment affects the metabolic phenotype of cancer cells. Understanding CSCs metabolism may help in discovering new and effective clinical targets to prevent cancer relapse and metastasis. This review summarises the current knowledge of CSCs metabolism and highlights the potential targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmeet Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Shalmoli Bhattacharyya
- Department of Biophysics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
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Schmidt CA, Fisher-Wellman KH, Neufer PD. From OCR and ECAR to energy: Perspectives on the design and interpretation of bioenergetics studies. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101140. [PMID: 34461088 PMCID: PMC8479256 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological energy transduction underlies all physiological phenomena in cells. The metabolic systems that support energy transduction have been of great interest due to their association with numerous pathologies including diabetes, cancer, rare genetic diseases, and aberrant cell death. Commercially available bioenergetics technologies (e.g., extracellular flux analysis, high-resolution respirometry, fluorescent dye kits, etc.) have made practical assessment of metabolic parameters widely accessible. This has facilitated an explosion in the number of studies exploring, in particular, the biological implications of oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and substrate level phosphorylation via glycolysis (i.e., via extracellular acidification rate (ECAR)). Though these technologies have demonstrated substantial utility and broad applicability to cell biology research, they are also susceptible to historical assumptions, experimental limitations, and other caveats that have led to premature and/or erroneous interpretations. This review enumerates various important considerations for designing and interpreting cellular and mitochondrial bioenergetics experiments, some common challenges and pitfalls in data interpretation, and some potential "next steps" to be taken that can address these highlighted challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron A Schmidt
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kelsey H Fisher-Wellman
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
| | - P Darrell Neufer
- East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
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The metabolic flexibility of quiescent CSC: implications for chemotherapy resistance. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:835. [PMID: 34482364 PMCID: PMC8418609 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04116-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Quiescence has been observed in stem cells (SCs), including adult SCs and cancer SCs (CSCs). Conventional chemotherapies mostly target proliferating cancer cells, while the quiescent state favors CSCs escape to chemotherapeutic drugs, leaving risks for tumor recurrence or metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) provides various signals that maintain resident quiescent CSCs, protect them from immune surveillance, and facilitates their recurrence potential. Since the TME has the potential to support and initiate stem cell-like programs in cancer cells, targeting the TME components may prove to be a powerful modality for the treatment of chemotherapy resistance. In addition, an increasing number of studies have discovered that CSCs exhibit the potential of metabolic flexibility when metabolic substrates are limited, and display increased robustness in response to stress. Accompanied by chemotherapy that targets proliferative cancer cells, treatments that modulate CSC quiescence through the regulation of metabolic pathways also show promise. In this review, we focus on the roles of metabolic flexibility and the TME on CSCs quiescence and further discuss potential treatments of targeting CSCs and the TME to limit chemotherapy resistance.
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Multifaceted roles of long non-coding RNAs in triple-negative breast cancer: biology and clinical applications. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2791-2810. [PMID: 33258920 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous breast cancer subtype that lacks targeted therapy due to the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors. Moreover, TNBC was shown to have a poor prognosis, since it involves aggressive phenotypes that confer significant hindrance to therapeutic treatments. Recent state-of-the-art sequencing technologies have shed light on several long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), previously thought to have no biological function and were considered as genomic junk. LncRNAs are involved in various physiological as well as pathological conditions, and play a key role in drug resistance, gene expression, and epigenetic regulation. This review mainly focuses on exploring the multifunctional roles of candidate lncRNAs, and their strong association with TNBC development. We also summarise various emerging research findings that establish novel paradigms of lncRNAs function as oncogenes and/or tumor suppressors in TNBC development, suggesting their role as prospective therapeutic targets.
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Fernandes LE, Epstein CG, Bobe AM, Bell JSK, Stumpe MC, Salazar ME, Salahudeen AA, Pe Benito RA, McCarter C, Leibowitz BD, Kase M, Igartua C, Huether R, Hafez A, Beaubier N, Axelson MD, Pegram MD, Sammons SL, O'Shaughnessy JA, Palmer GA. Real-world Evidence of Diagnostic Testing and Treatment Patterns in US Patients With Breast Cancer With Implications for Treatment Biomarkers From RNA Sequencing Data. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:e340-e361. [PMID: 33446413 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND We performed a retrospective analysis of longitudinal real-world data (RWD) from patients with breast cancer to replicate results from clinical studies and demonstrate the feasibility of generating real-world evidence. We also assessed the value of transcriptome profiling as a complementary tool for determining molecular subtypes. METHODS De-identified, longitudinal data were analyzed after abstraction from records of patients with breast cancer in the United States (US) structured and stored in the Tempus database. Demographics, clinical characteristics, molecular subtype, treatment history, and survival outcomes were assessed according to strict qualitative criteria. RNA sequencing and clinical data were used to predict molecular subtypes and signaling pathway enrichment. RESULTS The clinical abstraction cohort (n = 4000) mirrored the demographics and clinical characteristics of patients with breast cancer in the US, indicating feasibility for RWE generation. Among patients who were human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+), 74.2% received anti-HER2 therapy, with ∼70% starting within 3 months of a positive test result. Most non-treated patients were early stage. In this RWD set, 31.7% of patients with HER2+ immunohistochemistry (IHC) had discordant fluorescence in situ hybridization results recorded. Among patients with multiple HER2 IHC results at diagnosis, 18.6% exhibited intra-test discordance. Through development of a whole-transcriptome model to predict IHC receptor status in the molecular sequenced cohort (n = 400), molecular subtypes were resolved for all patients (n = 36) with equivocal HER2 statuses from abstracted test results. Receptor-related signaling pathways were differentially enriched between clinical molecular subtypes. CONCLUSIONS RWD in the Tempus database mirrors the overall population of patients with breast cancer in the US. These results suggest that real-time, RWD analyses are feasible in a large, highly heterogeneous database. Furthermore, molecular data may aid deficiencies and discrepancies observed from breast cancer RWD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mark D Pegram
- Stanford Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Sarah L Sammons
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, NC
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45
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Cost-Effective Real-Time Metabolic Profiling of Cancer Cell Lines for Plate-Based Assays. CHEMOSENSORS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors9060139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental phenotype of cancer cells is their metabolic profile, which is routinely described in terms of glycolytic and respiratory rates. Various devices and protocols have been designed to quantify glycolysis and respiration from the rates of acid production and oxygen utilization, respectively, but many of these approaches have limitations, including concerns about their cost-ineffectiveness, inadequate normalization procedures, or short probing time-frames. As a result, many methods for measuring metabolism are incompatible with cell culture conditions, particularly in the context of high-throughput applications. Here, we present a simple plate-based approach for real-time measurements of acid production and oxygen depletion under typical culture conditions that enable metabolic monitoring for extended periods of time. Using this approach, it is possible to calculate metabolic fluxes and, uniquely, describe the system at steady-state. By controlling the conditions with respect to pH buffering, O2 diffusion, medium volume, and cell numbers, our workflow can accurately describe the metabolic phenotype of cells in terms of molar fluxes. This direct measure of glycolysis and respiration is conducive for between-runs and even between-laboratory comparisons. To illustrate the utility of this approach, we characterize the phenotype of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines and measure their response to a switch of metabolic substrate and the presence of metabolic inhibitors. In summary, the method can deliver a robust appraisal of metabolism in cell lines, with applications in drug screening and in quantitative studies of metabolic regulation.
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46
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Hipólito A, Martins F, Mendes C, Lopes-Coelho F, Serpa J. Molecular and Metabolic Reprogramming: Pulling the Strings Toward Tumor Metastasis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:656851. [PMID: 34150624 PMCID: PMC8209414 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.656851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a major hurdle to the efficient treatment of cancer, accounting for the great majority of cancer-related deaths. Although several studies have disclosed the detailed mechanisms underlying primary tumor formation, the emergence of metastatic disease remains poorly understood. This multistep process encompasses the dissemination of cancer cells to distant organs, followed by their adaptation to foreign microenvironments and establishment in secondary tumors. During the last decades, it was discovered that these events may be favored by particular metabolic patterns, which are dependent on reprogrammed signaling pathways in cancer cells while they acquire metastatic traits. In this review, we present current knowledge of molecular mechanisms that coordinate the crosstalk between metastatic signaling and cellular metabolism. The recent findings involving the contribution of crucial metabolic pathways involved in the bioenergetics and biosynthesis control in metastatic cells are summarized. Finally, we highlight new promising metabolism-based therapeutic strategies as a putative way of impairing metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hipólito
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Martins
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cindy Mendes
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipa Lopes-Coelho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jacinta Serpa
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Centre, NOVA Medical School
- Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Unidade de Investigação em Patobiologia Molecular (UIPM), Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil (IPOLFG), Lisboa, Portugal
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47
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Tsai TH, Yang CC, Kou TC, Yang CE, Dai JZ, Chen CL, Lin CW. Overexpression of GLUT3 promotes metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer by modulating the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4669-4680. [PMID: 33421130 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) exhibits a higher level of glycolytic capacity and are commonly associated with an inflammatory microenvironment, but the regulatory mechanism and metabolic crosstalk between the tumor and tumor microenvironment (TME) are largely unresolved. Here, we show that glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) is particularly elevated in TNBC and associated with metastatic progression and poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Expression of GLUT3 is crucial for promoting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and enhancing invasiveness and distant metastasis of TNBC cells. Notably, GLUT3 is correlated with inflammatory gene expressions and is associated with M1 tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), at least in part by C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8). We found that expression of GLUT3 regulates CXCL8 production in TNBC cells. Secretion of CXCL8 participates in GLUT3-overexpressing TNBC cells-elicited activation of inflammatory TAMs, which further enhances GLUT3 expression and mobility of TNBC cells. Our findings demonstrate that aerobic glycolysis in TNBC not only promotes aggressiveness of tumor cells but also initiates a positive regulatory loop for enhancing tumor progression by modulating the inflammatory TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Hua Tsai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Chih Kou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chang-En Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Zih Dai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Lin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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48
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Truong TH, Benner EA, Hagen KM, Temiz NA, Kerkvliet CP, Wang Y, Cortes-Sanchez E, Yang CH, Trousdell MC, Pengo T, Guillen KP, Welm BE, Dos Santos CO, Telang S, Lange CA, Ostrander JH. PELP1/SRC-3-dependent regulation of metabolic PFKFB kinases drives therapy resistant ER + breast cancer. Oncogene 2021; 40:4384-4397. [PMID: 34103681 PMCID: PMC8238912 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01871-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence of metastatic breast cancer stemming from acquired endocrine and chemotherapy resistance remains a health burden for women with luminal (ER+) breast cancer. Disseminated ER+ tumor cells can remain viable but quiescent for years to decades. Contributing factors to metastatic spread include the maintenance and expansion of breast cancer stem cells (CSCs). Breast CSCs frequently exist as a minority population in therapy resistant tumors. In this study, we show that cytoplasmic complexes composed of steroid receptor (SR) co-activators, PELP1 and SRC-3, modulate breast CSC expansion through upregulation of the HIF-activated metabolic target genes PFKFB3 and PFKFB4. Seahorse metabolic assays demonstrated that cytoplasmic PELP1 influences cellular metabolism by increasing both glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration. PELP1 interacts with PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 proteins, and inhibition of PFKFB3 and PFKFB4 kinase activity blocks PELP1-induced tumorspheres and protein-protein interactions with SRC-3. PFKFB4 knockdown inhibited in vivo emergence of circulating tumor cell (CTC) populations in mammary intraductal (MIND) models. Application of PFKFB inhibitors in combination with ER targeted therapies blocked tumorsphere formation in multiple models of advanced breast cancer including tamoxifen (TamR) and paclitaxel (TaxR) resistant models, murine tumor cells, and ER+ patient-derived organoids (PDxO). Together, our data suggest that PELP1, SRC-3, and PFKFBs cooperate to drive ER+ tumor cell populations that include CSCs and CTCs. Identifying non-ER pharmacological targets offers a useful approach to blocking metastatic escape from standard of care ER/estrogen (E2)-targeted strategies to overcome endocrine and chemotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu H Truong
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Kyla M Hagen
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Nuri A Temiz
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | - Ying Wang
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Emilio Cortes-Sanchez
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Chieh-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Thomas Pengo
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Katrin P Guillen
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bryan E Welm
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Sucheta Telang
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, Department of Medicine (Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Carol A Lange
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Julie H Ostrander
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
- Department of Medicine (Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Wang D, Wei G, Ma J, Cheng S, Jia L, Song X, Zhang M, Ju M, Wang L, Zhao L, Xin S. Identification of the prognostic value of ferroptosis-related gene signature in breast cancer patients. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:645. [PMID: 34059009 PMCID: PMC8165796 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer (BRCA) is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality, which is a threat to women’s health worldwide. Ferroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of breast cancer. Here, we aimed to establish a ferroptosis-related prognostic gene signature for predicting patients’ survival. Methods Gene expression profile and corresponding clinical information of patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO)-penalized Cox regression analysis model was utilized to construct a multigene signature. The Kaplan-Meier (K-M) and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to validate the predictive effect of the prognostic signature. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes, Genomes (KEGG) pathway and single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) were performed for patients between the high-risk and low-risk groups divided by the median value of risk score. Results We constructed a prognostic signature consisted of nine ferroptosis-related genes (ALOX15, CISD1, CS, GCLC, GPX4, SLC7A11, EMC2, G6PD and ACSF2). The Kaplan-Meier curves validated the fine predictive accuracy of the prognostic signature (p < 0.001). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curves manifested that the ferroptosis-related signature had moderate predictive power. GO and KEGG functional analysis revealed that immune-related responses were largely enriched, and immune cells, including activated dendritic cells (aDCs), dendritic cells (DCs), T-helper 1 (Th1), were higher in high-risk groups (p < 0.001). Oppositely, type I IFN response and type II IFN response were lower in high-risk groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion Our study indicated that the ferroptosis-related prognostic signature gene could serve as a novel biomarker for predicting breast cancer patients’ prognosis. Furthermore, we found that immunotherapy might play a vital role in therapeutic schedule based on the level and difference of immune-related cells and pathways in different risk groups for breast cancer patients. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08341-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Guodong Wei
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ju Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shuai Cheng
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Longyuan Jia
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xinyue Song
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shijie Xin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China.
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50
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Arundhathi JRD, Mathur SR, Gogia A, Deo SVS, Mohapatra P, Prasad CP. Metabolic changes in triple negative breast cancer-focus on aerobic glycolysis. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:4733-4745. [PMID: 34047880 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Among breast cancer subtypes, the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the worst prognosis. In absence of any permitted targeted therapy, standard chemotherapy is the mainstay for TNBC treatment. Hence, there is a crucial need to identify potential druggable targets in TNBCs for its effective treatment. In recent times, metabolic reprogramming has emerged as cancer cells hallmark, wherein cancer cells display discrete metabolic phenotypes to fuel cell progression and metastasis. Altered glycolysis is one such phenotype, in which even in oxygen abundance majority of cancer cells harvest considerable amount of energy through elevated glycolytic-flux. In the present review, we attempt to summarize the role of key glycolytic enzymes i.e. HK, Hexokinase; PFK, Phosphofructokinase; PKM2, Pyruvate kinase isozyme type 2; and LDH, Lactate dehydrogenase in TNBCs, and possible therapeutic options presently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Dev Arundhathi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr BRA IRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sandeep R Mathur
- Department of Pathology, Dr BRA IRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Ajay Gogia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dr BRA IRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - S V S Deo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Dr BRA IRCH, AIIMS, New Delhi, 110029, India
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