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Fei X, Zhu Y, Pan B, Cheng Y, Yang Q, Xie Y, Xiong Y, Fu W, Xiong X, Li J. Molecular characterization and expression profile of the ALDH1A1 gene and its functions in yak luteal cells. Theriogenology 2024; 223:98-107. [PMID: 38697014 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
The ALDH1A1 gene encodes a cytoplasmic member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, which plays an important role in regulating animal reproductive performance, including estrus cycle and embryonic development. The aim of this study was to characterize ALDH1A1 activity in ovaries of 3-5 year-old yaks and to determine its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and progesterone secretion in luteal cells (LCs). The coding sequence (CDS) of the ALDH1A1 gene was cloned by reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemical analysis was used to confirm localization of the ALDH1A1 protein in the ovary. To assess the activity of ALDH1A1 in regulating progesterone secretion, si-ALDH1A1 was transfected into LCs in vitro and progesterone levels in LC supernatants were measured by ELISA. The interference efficiency was assessed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and immunofluorescence staining, and cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by EdU and TUNEL staining, respectively. The cloned ALDH1A1 sequence contained 1462 bp, encoding 487 amino acids. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that ALDH1A1 protein expression, which was significantly higher in LCs, was mainly found in antral follicles and the corpus luteum (CL). The expression of ALDH1A1 mRNA in LCs was effectively inhibited by si-ALDH1A1transfection, and progesterone secretion was markedly decreased along with the significant down-regulation of progesterone pathway-related genes, STAR, CYP11A1, CYP19A1, CYP17A1, 3β-HSD, and HSD17B1. Knockdown of ALDH1A1 mRNA expression decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in LCs. The mRNA expression of the proliferation-related genes, PCNA, CCND1, CCNB1 and CDC25A, was significantly down-regulated, while expression of the apoptosis-promoting CASP3 gene was significantly increased. In summary, we characterized the yak ALDH1A1 gene and revealed that ALDH1A1 knockdown promoted apoptosis, repressed cell proliferation, and decreased progesterone secretion by yak LCs, potentially by regulating the mRNA expression of genes related to proliferation, apoptosis, and progesterone synthesis and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Fei
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanjin Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Bangting Pan
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yuying Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qinhui Yang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yumian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yan Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xianrong Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory for Animal Science of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Exploitation of Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Cai H, Dong J, Wang L, Sullivan B, Sun L, Chang L, Smith VM, Ding J, Le W, Gerfen C. Patch and matrix striatonigral neurons differentially regulate locomotion. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4468830. [PMID: 38978598 PMCID: PMC11230471 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4468830/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
The striatonigral neurons are known to promote locomotion1,2. These neurons reside in both the patch (also known as striosome) and matrix compartments of the dorsal striatum3-5. However, the specific contribution of patch and matrix striatonigral neurons to locomotion remain largely unexplored. Using molecular identifier Kringle-Containing Protein Marking the Eye and the Nose (Kremen1) and Calbidin (Calb1)6, we showed in mouse models that patch and matrix striatonigral neurons exert opposite influence on locomotion. While a reduction in neuronal activity in matrix striatonigral neurons precedes the cessation of locomotion, fiber photometry recording during self-paced movement revealed an unexpected increase of patch striatonigral neuron activity, indicating an inhibitory function. Indeed, optogenetic activation of patch striatonigral neurons suppressed locomotion, contrasting with the locomotion-promoting effect of matrix striatonigral neurons. Consistently, patch striatonigral neuron activation markedly inhibited dopamine release, whereas matrix striatonigral neuron activation initially promoted dopamine release. Moreover, the genetic deletion of inhibitory GABA-B receptor Gabbr1 in Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1-positive (ALDH1A1+) nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons (DANs) completely abolished the locomotion-suppressing effect caused by activating patch striatonigral neurons. Together, our findings unravel a compartment-specific mechanism governing locomotion in the dorsal striatum, where patch striatonigral neurons suppress locomotion by inhibiting the activity of ALDH1A1+ nigrostriatal DANs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lixin Sun
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | - Lisa Chang
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
| | | | - Jinhui Ding
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
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Dong J, Wang L, Sullivan BT, Sun L, Chang L, Martinez Smith VM, Ding J, Le W, Gerfen CR, Cai H. Patch and matrix striatonigral neurons differentially regulate locomotion. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.12.598675. [PMID: 38915717 PMCID: PMC11195204 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.12.598675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Striatonigral neurons, known to promote locomotion, reside in both the patch and matrix compartments of the dorsal striatum. However, their compartment-specific contributions to locomotion remain largely unexplored. Using molecular identifier Kremen1 and Calb1 , we showed in mouse models that patch and matrix striatonigral neurons exert opposite influences on locomotion. Matrix striatonigral neurons reduced their activity before the cessation of self-paced locomotion, while patch striatonigral neuronal activity increased, suggesting an inhibitory function. Indeed, optogenetic activation of patch striatonigral neurons suppressed ongoing locomotion with reduced striatal dopamine release, contrasting with the locomotion-promoting effect of matrix striatonigral neurons, which showed an initial increase in dopamine release. Furthermore, genetic deletion of the GABA-B receptor in Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1-positive (ALDH1A1 + ) nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons completely abolished the locomotion-suppressing effect of patch striatonigral neurons. Our findings unravel a compartment-specific mechanism governing locomotion in the dorsal striatum, where patch striatonigral neurons suppress locomotion by inhibiting ALDH1A1 + nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons.
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Duan X, Hu H, Wang L, Chen L. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family: A potential molecule target for diseases. Cell Biol Int 2024. [PMID: 38800962 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1), a crucial aldehyde metabolizing enzyme, has six family members. The ALDH1 family is expressed in various tissues, with a significant presence in the liver. It plays a momentous role in several pathophysiological processes, including aldehyde detoxification, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation. Acetaldehyde detoxification is the fundamental function of the ALDH1 family in participating in vital pathological mechanisms. The ALDH1 family can catalyze retinal to retinoic acid (RA) that is a hormone-signaling molecule and plays a vital role in the development and adult tissues. Furthermore, there is a need for further and broader research on the role of the ALDH1 family as a signaling molecule. The ALDH1 family is widely recognized as a cancer stem cell (CSC) marker and plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, prognosis, and drug resistance of cancer. The ALDH1 family also participates in other human diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. It can inhibit disease progression by inhibiting/promoting the expression/activity of the ALDH1 family. In this review, we comprehensively analyze the tissue distribution, and functions of the ALDH1 family. Additionally, we review the involvement of the ALDH1 family in diseases, focusing on the underlying pathological mechanisms and briefly talk about the current status and development of ALDH1 family inhibitors. The ALDH1 family presents new possibilities for treating diseases, with both its upstream and downstream pathways serving as promising targets for therapeutic intervention. This offers fresh perspectives for drug development in the field of disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Haoliang Hu
- Changde Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Biomedicine, Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Lingzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou, Hunan, China
| | - Linxi Chen
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
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Wang CX, Wang B, Sun JJ, Xiao CY, Ma H, Jia FY, Li HH. Circulating retinol and 25(OH)D contents and their association with symptoms in children with chronic tic disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1017-1028. [PMID: 37166521 PMCID: PMC11032271 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02226-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study measured serum levels of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin D (VD) in children with chronic tic disorders (CTD) and investigated their potential association with CTD and comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the association of their co-insufficiencies or deficiencies with CTD symptoms. A total of 176 children (131 boys and 45 girls, median age of 9 years) with CTD were recruited as the CTD group. During the same period, 154 healthy children were selected as the healthy control (HC) cohort. Circulating retinol and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured for all participants using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry. The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS) was employed for the assessment of tic status and CTD impairment. The Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) and the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) were used to evaluate comorbidity symptoms. CTD pediatric participants exhibited markedly diminished circulating retinol and 25(OH)D levels compared to HCs. Moreover, VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were more prevalent in CTD participants than HCs. Circulating 25(OH)D levels were inversely proportional to the YGTSS motor tic scores. YGTSS scores in CTD children with only VA or VD insufficiency or deficiency or with VA and VD co-insufficiency/deficiency did not differ from those in CTD children with normal VA and VD. CTD children with comorbid ADHD displayed reduced circulating retinol and 25(OH)D concentrations and elevated prevalence of VD deficiency compared to CTD participants without comorbid ADHD. Lower serum retinol content was intricately linked to the presence of elevated CTD and comorbid ADHD. VA and VD deficiencies and their co-insufficiencies/deficiencies were markedly enhanced in CTD pediatric participants compared to HCs. Lower VA concentration was linked to the presence of enhanced CTD and comorbid ADHD. Therefore, children with CTD, especially with comorbid ADHD, may be at a higher risk of VA or VD deficiency, which may prompt the clinicians to consider whether blood tests for VA and VD in CTD children would be helpful for clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xin Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Jian-Jian Sun
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Chun-Ying Xiao
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Fei-Yong Jia
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Hong-Hua Li
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Marie A, Kinet R, Helbling JC, Darricau M, Alfos S, Di Miceli M, Angelo MF, Foury A, Richard E, Trifilieff P, Mallet NP, Bosch-Bouju C. Impact of dietary vitamin A on striatal function in adult rats. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23037. [PMID: 37392372 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300133r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
The striatum is a brain structure involved in the control of voluntary movement. Striatum contains high amounts of retinoic acid, the active metabolite of vitamin A, as well as retinoid receptors, RARβ and RXRγ. Previous studies revealed that disruption of retinoid signaling initiated during development is deleterious for striatal physiology and related motor functions. However, the alteration of retinoid signaling, and the importance of vitamin A supply during adulthood on striatal physiology and function has never been established. In the present study, we investigated the impact of vitamin A supply on striatal function. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with three specific diets, either sub-deficient, sufficient, or enriched in vitamin A (0.4, 5, and 20 international units [IU] of retinol per g of diet, respectively) for 6 months. We first validated that vitamin A sub-deficient diet in adult rats constitutes a physiological model of retinoid signaling reduction in the striatum. We then revealed subtle alterations of fine motor skills in sub-deficient rats using a new behavioral apparatus specifically designed to test forepaw reach-and-grasp skills relying on striatal function. Finally, we showed using qPCR analysis and immunofluorescence that the striatal dopaminergic system per se was not affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency at adult age. Rather, cholinergic synthesis in the striatum and μ-opioid receptor expression in striosomes sub-territories were the most affected by vitamin A sub-deficiency starting at adulthood. Taken together these results revealed that retinoid signaling alteration at adulthood is associated with motor learning deficits together with discrete neurobiological alterations in the striatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Marie
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rémi Kinet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Morgane Darricau
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathieu Di Miceli
- Worcester Biomedical Research Group, School of Science and the Environment, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | | | - Aline Foury
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- INSERM, U1035, CHU Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre Trifilieff
- INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas P Mallet
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- CNRS UMR 5293, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
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Cao R, Ling Y, Meng J, Jiang A, Luo R, He Q, Li A, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Liu F, Li Y, Zhang G. SMDB: a Spatial Multimodal Data Browser. Nucleic Acids Res 2023:7175352. [PMID: 37216588 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between fine-scale spatial organization and biological function necessitates a tool that effectively combines spatial positions, morphological information, and spatial transcriptomics (ST) data. We introduce the Spatial Multimodal Data Browser (SMDB, https://www.biosino.org/smdb), a robust visualization web service for interactively exploring ST data. By integrating multimodal data, such as hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images, gene expression-based molecular clusters, and more, SMDB facilitates the analysis of tissue composition through the dissociation of two-dimensional (2D) sections and the identification of gene expression-profiled boundaries. In a digital three-dimensional (3D) space, SMDB allows researchers to reconstruct morphology visualizations based on manually filtered spots or expand anatomical structures using high-resolution molecular subtypes. To enhance user experience, it offers customizable workspaces for interactive exploration of ST spots in tissues, providing features like smooth zooming, panning, 360-degree rotation in 3D and adjustable spot scaling. SMDB is particularly valuable in neuroscience and spatial histology studies, as it incorporates Allen's mouse brain anatomy atlas for reference in morphological research. This powerful tool provides a comprehensive and efficient solution for examining the intricate relationships between spatial morphology, and biological function in various tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Cao
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yunchao Ling
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jiayue Meng
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Ao Jiang
- School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Ruijin Luo
- Shanghai Southgene Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qinwen He
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Anan Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- HUST-Suzhou Institute for Brainsmatics, JITRI Institute for Brainsmatics, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yujie Chen
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Zoutao Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, MoE Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Feng Liu
- School of Computer Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yixue Li
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
- Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou 510005, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- National Genomics Data Center& Bio-Med Big Data Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Computational Biology, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200031, China
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Behl T, Kaur D, Sehgal A, Singla RK, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Meraya AM, Bungau S. Therapeutic insights elaborating the potential of retinoids in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:976799. [PMID: 36091826 PMCID: PMC9453874 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.976799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is perceived with various pathophysiological characteristics such oxidative stress, senile plaques, neuroinflammation, altered neurotransmission immunological changes, neurodegenerative pathways, and age-linked alterations. A great deal of studies even now are carried out for comprehensive understanding of pathological processes of AD, though many agents are in clinical trials for the treatment of AD. Retinoids and retinoic acid receptors (RARs) are pertinent to such attributes of the disease. Retinoids support the proper functioning of the immunological pathways, and are very potent immunomodulators. The nervous system relies heavily on retinoic acid signaling. The disruption of retinoid signaling relates to several pathogenic mechanisms in the normal brain. Retinoids play critical functions in the neuronal organization, differentiation, and axonal growth in the normal functioning of the brain. Disturbed retinoic acid signaling causes inflammatory responses, mitochondrial impairment, oxidative stress, and neurodegeneration, leading to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Retinoids interfere with the production and release of neuroinflammatory chemokines and cytokines which are located to be activated in the pathogenesis of AD. Also, stimulating nuclear retinoid receptors reduces amyloid aggregation, lowers neurodegeneration, and thus restricts Alzheimer’s disease progression in preclinical studies. We outlined the physiology of retinoids in this review, focusing on their possible neuroprotective actions, which will aid in elucidating the critical function of such receptors in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
- *Correspondence: Tapan Behl, ; Simona Bungau,
| | - Dapinder Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Rajeev K. Singla
- Institutes for Sytems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- iGlobal Research and Publishing Foundation, New Delhi, India
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
- *Correspondence: Tapan Behl, ; Simona Bungau,
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Melani R, Tritsch NX. Inhibitory co-transmission from midbrain dopamine neurons relies on presynaptic GABA uptake. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110716. [PMID: 35443174 PMCID: PMC9097974 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA)-releasing neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNcDA) inhibit target cells in the striatum through postsynaptic activation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for GABAergic signaling remain unclear, as SNcDA neurons lack enzymes typically required to produce GABA or package it into synaptic vesicles. Here, we show that aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (Aldh1a1), an enzyme proposed to function as a GABA synthetic enzyme in SNcDA neurons, does not produce GABA for synaptic transmission. Instead, we demonstrate that SNcDA axons obtain GABA exclusively through presynaptic uptake using the membrane GABA transporter Gat1 (encoded by Slc6a1). GABA is then packaged for vesicular release using the vesicular monoamine transporter Vmat2. Our data therefore show that presynaptic transmitter recycling can substitute for de novo GABA synthesis and that Vmat2 contributes to vesicular GABA transport, expanding the range of molecular mechanisms available to neurons to support inhibitory synaptic communication. Melani and Tritsch demonstrate that inhibitory co-transmission from midbrain dopaminergic neurons does not depend on cell-autonomous GABA synthesis but instead on presynaptic import from the extracellular space through the membrane transporter Gat1 and that GABA loading into synaptic vesicles relies on the vesicular monoamine transporter Vmat2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Melani
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nicolas X Tritsch
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA; Fresco Institute for Parkinson's and Movement Disorders, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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Marie A, Leroy J, Darricau M, Alfos S, De Smedt-Peyrusse V, Richard E, Vancassel S, Bosch-Bouju C. Preventive Vitamin A Supplementation Improves Striatal Function in 6-Hydroxydopamine Hemiparkinsonian Rats. Front Nutr 2022; 9:811843. [PMID: 35178422 PMCID: PMC8843942 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.811843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms leading to a loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons from the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in Parkinson's disease (PD) have multifactorial origins. In this context, nutrition is currently investigated as a modifiable environmental factor for the prevention of PD. In particular, initial studies revealed the deleterious consequences of vitamin A signaling failure on dopamine-related motor behaviors. However, the potential of vitamin A supplementation itself to prevent neurodegeneration has not been established yet. Objective The hypothesis tested in this study is that preventive vitamin A supplementation can protect DA neurons in a rat model of PD. Methods The impact of a 5-week preventive supplementation with vitamin A (20 IU/g of diet) was measured on motor and neurobiological alterations induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) unilateral injections in the striatum of rats. Rotarod, step test and cylinder tests were performed up to 3 weeks after the lesion. Post-mortem analyses (retinol and monoamines dosages, western blots, immunofluorescence) were performed to investigate neurobiological processes. Results Vitamin A supplementation improved voluntary movements in the cylinder test. In 6-OHDA lesioned rats, a marked decrease of dopamine levels in striatum homogenates was measured. Tyrosine hydroxylase labeling in the SNc and in the striatum was significantly decreased by 6-OHDA injection, without effect of vitamin A. By contrast, vitamin A supplementation increased striatal expression of D2 and RXR receptors in the striatum of 6-OHDA lesioned rats. Conclusions Vitamin A supplementation partially alleviates motor alterations and improved striatal function, revealing a possible beneficial preventive approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Marie
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Leroy
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Morgane Darricau
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Serge Alfos
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Veronique De Smedt-Peyrusse
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanuel Richard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospital-Universitaire (CHU) Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvie Vancassel
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Clementine Bosch-Bouju
- Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux (INP), NutriNeuro, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- *Correspondence: Clementine Bosch-Bouju
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Carmichael K, Sullivan B, Lopez E, Sun L, Cai H. Diverse midbrain dopaminergic neuron subtypes and implications for complex clinical symptoms of Parkinson's disease. AGEING AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES 2021; 1. [PMID: 34532720 PMCID: PMC8442626 DOI: 10.20517/and.2021.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD), the most common degenerative movement disorder, is clinically manifested with various motor and non-motor symptoms. Degeneration of midbrain substantia nigra pas compacta (SNc) dopaminergic neurons (DANs) is generally attributed to the motor syndrome. The underlying neuronal mechanisms of non-motor syndrome are largely unexplored. Besides SNc, midbrain ventral tegmental area (VTA) DANs also produce and release dopamine and modulate movement, reward, motivation, and memory. Degeneration of VTA DANs also occurs in postmortem brains of PD patients, implying an involvement of VTA DANs in PD-associated non-motor symptoms. However, it remains to be established that there is a distinct segregation of different SNc and VTA DAN subtypes in regulating different motor and non-motor functions, and that different DAN subpopulations are differentially affected by normal ageing or PD. Traditionally, the distinction among different DAN subtypes was mainly based on the location of cell bodies and axon terminals. With the recent advance of single cell RNA sequencing technology, DANs can be readily classified based on unique gene expression profiles. A combination of specific anatomic and molecular markers shows great promise to facilitate the identification of DAN subpopulations corresponding to different behavior modules under normal and disease conditions. In this review, we first summarize the recent progress in characterizing genetically, anatomically, and functionally diverse midbrain DAN subtypes. Then, we provide perspectives on how the preclinical research on the connectivity and functionality of DAN subpopulations improves our current understanding of cell-type and circuit specific mechanisms of the disease, which could be critically informative for designing new mechanistic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Carmichael
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,The Graduate Partnership Program of NIH and Brown University, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Breanna Sullivan
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Elena Lopez
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lixin Sun
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Huaibin Cai
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Abstract
This paper is the forty-second consecutive installment of the annual anthological review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system, summarizing articles published during 2019 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides and receptors as well as effects of opioid/opiate agonists and antagonists. The review is subdivided into the following specific topics: molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors (1), the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia in animals (2) and humans (3), opioid-sensitive and opioid-insensitive effects of nonopioid analgesics (4), opioid peptide and receptor involvement in tolerance and dependence (5), stress and social status (6), learning and memory (7), eating and drinking (8), drug abuse and alcohol (9), sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology (10), mental illness and mood (11), seizures and neurologic disorders (12), electrical-related activity and neurophysiology (13), general activity and locomotion (14), gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions (15), cardiovascular responses (16), respiration and thermoregulation (17), and immunological responses (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY, 11367, United States.
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Chen APF, Chen L, Kim TA, Xiong Q. Integrating the Roles of Midbrain Dopamine Circuits in Behavior and Neuropsychiatric Disease. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060647. [PMID: 34200134 PMCID: PMC8228225 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine (DA) is a behaviorally and clinically diverse neuromodulator that controls CNS function. DA plays major roles in many behaviors including locomotion, learning, habit formation, perception, and memory processing. Reflecting this, DA dysregulation produces a wide variety of cognitive symptoms seen in neuropsychiatric diseases such as Parkinson’s, Schizophrenia, addiction, and Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we review recent advances in the DA systems neuroscience field and explore the advancing hypothesis that DA’s behavioral function is linked to disease deficits in a neural circuit-dependent manner. We survey different brain areas including the basal ganglia’s dorsomedial/dorsolateral striatum, the ventral striatum, the auditory striatum, and the hippocampus in rodent models. Each of these regions have different reported functions and, correspondingly, DA’s reflecting role in each of these regions also has support for being different. We then focus on DA dysregulation states in Parkinson’s disease, addiction, and Alzheimer’s Disease, emphasizing how these afflictions are linked to different DA pathways. We draw upon ideas such as selective vulnerability and region-dependent physiology. These bodies of work suggest that different channels of DA may be dysregulated in different sets of disease. While these are great advances, the fine and definitive segregation of such pathways in behavior and disease remains to be seen. Future studies will be required to define DA’s necessity and contribution to the functional plasticity of different striatal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen PF Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
| | - Thomas A. Kim
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Qiaojie Xiong
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.P.C.); (L.C.); (T.A.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Carmichael K, Evans RC, Lopez E, Sun L, Kumar M, Ding J, Khaliq ZM, Cai H. Function and Regulation of ALDH1A1-Positive Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons in Motor Control and Parkinson's Disease. Front Neural Circuits 2021; 15:644776. [PMID: 34079441 PMCID: PMC8165242 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2021.644776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an important chemical messenger in the brain, which modulates movement, reward, motivation, and memory. Different populations of neurons can produce and release dopamine in the brain and regulate different behaviors. Here we focus our discussion on a small but distinct group of dopamine-producing neurons, which display the most profound loss in the ventral substantia nigra pas compacta of patients with Parkinson's disease. This group of dopaminergic neurons can be readily identified by a selective expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1 (ALDH1A1) and accounts for 70% of total nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons in both human and mouse brains. Recently, we presented the first whole-brain circuit map of these ALDH1A1-positive dopaminergic neurons and reveal an essential physiological function of these neurons in regulating the vigor of movement during the acquisition of motor skills. In this review, we first summarize previous findings of ALDH1A1-positive nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons and their connectivity and functionality, and then provide perspectives on how the activity of ALDH1A1-positive nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons is regulated through integrating diverse presynaptic inputs and its implications for potential Parkinson's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Carmichael
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- The Graduate Partnership Program of NIH and Brown University, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Rebekah C. Evans
- Department of Neuroscience, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elena Lopez
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Lixin Sun
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Mantosh Kumar
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jinhui Ding
- Computational Biology Group, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zayd M. Khaliq
- Cellular Neurophysiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Huaibin Cai
- Transgenic Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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15
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Marie A, Darricau M, Touyarot K, Parr-Brownlie LC, Bosch-Bouju C. Role and Mechanism of Vitamin A Metabolism in the Pathophysiology of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2021; 11:949-970. [PMID: 34120916 PMCID: PMC8461657 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that altered retinoic acid signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). Retinoic acid is the bioactive derivative of the lipophilic vitamin A. Vitamin A is involved in several important homeostatic processes, such as cell differentiation, antioxidant activity, inflammation and neuronal plasticity. The role of vitamin A and its derivatives in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, and their potential as therapeutics, has drawn attention for more than 10 years. However, the literature sits in disparate fields. Vitamin A could act at the crossroad of multiple environmental and genetic factors of PD. The purpose of this review is to outline what is known about the role of vitamin A metabolism in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PD. We examine key biological systems and mechanisms that are under the control of vitamin A and its derivatives, which are (or could be) exploited for therapeutic potential in PD: the survival of dopaminergic neurons, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, circadian rhythms, homeostasis of the enteric nervous system, and hormonal systems. We focus on the pivotal role of ALDH1A1, an enzyme expressed by dopaminergic neurons for the detoxification of these neurons, which is under the control of retinoic acid. By providing an integrated summary, this review will guide future studies on the potential role of vitamin A in the management of symptoms, health and wellbeing for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaıs Marie
- University Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Morgane Darricau
- University Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
- University Bordeaux, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives, UMR 5293, Bordeaux, France
| | - Katia Touyarot
- University Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286, Bordeaux, France
| | - Louise C. Parr-Brownlie
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Brain Research New Zealand (Center of Research Excellence), Dunedin, New Zealand
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16
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Ryczko D, Hanini‐Daoud M, Condamine S, Bréant BJB, Fougère M, Araya R, Kolta A. S100β‐mediated astroglial control of firing and input processing in layer 5 pyramidal neurons of the mouse visual cortex. J Physiol 2020; 599:677-707. [DOI: 10.1113/jp280501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Ryczko
- Département de Neurosciences Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Département de Pharmacologie‐Physiologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
- Centre de recherche du CHUS Sherbrooke QC Canada
- Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
- Centre d'excellence en neurosciences de l'Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | | | - Steven Condamine
- Département de Neurosciences Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | | | - Maxime Fougère
- Département de Pharmacologie‐Physiologie Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Roberto Araya
- Département de Neurosciences Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
| | - Arlette Kolta
- Département de Neurosciences Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
- Faculté de Médecine Dentaire Université de Montréal Montréal QC Canada
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17
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Lee KH, Cha M, Lee BH. Neuroprotective Effect of Antioxidants in the Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197152. [PMID: 32998277 PMCID: PMC7582347 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain is vulnerable to excessive oxidative insults because of its abundant lipid content, high energy requirements, and weak antioxidant capacity. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase susceptibility to neuronal damage and functional deficits, via oxidative changes in the brain in neurodegenerative diseases. Overabundance and abnormal levels of ROS and/or overload of metals are regulated by cellular defense mechanisms, intracellular signaling, and physiological functions of antioxidants in the brain. Single and/or complex antioxidant compounds targeting oxidative stress, redox metals, and neuronal cell death have been evaluated in multiple preclinical and clinical trials as a complementary therapeutic strategy for combating oxidative stress associated with neurodegenerative diseases. Herein, we present a general analysis and overview of various antioxidants and suggest potential courses of antioxidant treatments for the neuroprotection of the brain from oxidative injury. This review focuses on enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms in the brain and examines the relative advantages and methodological concerns when assessing antioxidant compounds for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Hee Lee
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Division of Health Science, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Korea;
| | - Myeounghoon Cha
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Bae Hwan Lee
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-1711
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18
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Distinct Connectivity and Functionality of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1a1-Positive Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Neurons in Motor Learning. Cell Rep 2020; 28:1167-1181.e7. [PMID: 31365862 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.06.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease causes the most profound loss of the aldehyde dehydrogenase 1A1-positive (ALDH1A1+) nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron (nDAN) subpopulation. The connectivity and functionality of ALDH1A1+ nDANs, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we show in rodent brains that ALDH1A1+ nDANs project predominantly to the rostral dorsal striatum, from which they also receive most monosynaptic inputs, indicating extensive reciprocal innervations with the striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs). Functionally, genetic ablation of ALDH1A1+ nDANs causes severe impairments in motor skill learning, along with a reduction in high-speed walking. While dopamine replacement therapy accelerated walking speed, it failed to improve motor skill learning in ALDH1A1+ nDAN-ablated mice. Altogether, our study provides a comprehensive whole-brain connectivity map and reveals a key physiological function of ALDH1A1+ nDANs in motor skill acquisition, suggesting the motor learning processes require ALDH1A1+ nDANs to integrate diverse presynaptic inputs and supply dopamine with dynamic precision.
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Park HA, Ellis AC. Dietary Antioxidants and Parkinson's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070570. [PMID: 32630250 PMCID: PMC7402163 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the depletion of dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia, the movement center of the brain. Approximately 60,000 people are diagnosed with PD in the United States each year. Although the direct cause of PD can vary, accumulation of oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage due to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or impaired intracellular antioxidant defenses invariably occurs at the cellular levels. Pharmaceuticals such as dopaminergic prodrugs and agonists can alleviate some of the symptoms of PD. Currently, however, there is no treatment to halt the progression of PD pathology. Due to the nature of PD, a long and progressive neurodegenerative process, strategies to prevent or delay PD pathology may be well suited to lifestyle changes like dietary modification with antioxidant-rich foods to improve intracellular redox homeostasis. In this review, we discuss cellular and genetic factors that increase oxidative stress in PD. We also discuss neuroprotective roles of dietary antioxidants including vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, selenium, and polyphenols along with their potential mechanisms to alleviate PD pathology.
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Chen X, Wang Y, Wu H, Cheng C, Le W. Research advances on L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: from animal models to human disease. Neurol Sci 2020; 41:2055-2065. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-020-04333-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Poulin JF, Gaertner Z, Moreno-Ramos OA, Awatramani R. Classification of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Using Single-Cell Gene Expression Profiling Approaches. Trends Neurosci 2020; 43:155-169. [PMID: 32101709 PMCID: PMC7285906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional dopamine (DA) signaling has been associated with a broad spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders, prompting investigations into how midbrain DA neuron heterogeneity may underpin this variety of behavioral symptoms. Emerging literature indeed points to functional heterogeneity even within anatomically defined DA clusters. Recognizing the need for a systematic classification scheme, several groups have used single-cell profiling to catalog DA neurons based on their gene expression profiles. We aim here not only to synthesize points of congruence but also to highlight key differences between the molecular classification schemes derived from these studies. In doing so, we hope to provide a common framework that will facilitate investigations into the functions of DA neuron subtypes in the healthy and diseased brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Francois Poulin
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zachary Gaertner
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Rajeshwar Awatramani
- Department of Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
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