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Wang DD, Naumova AV, Isquith D, Sapp J, Huynh KA, Tucker I, Balu N, Voronyuk A, Chu B, Ordovas K, Maynard C, Tian R, Zhao XQ, Kim F. Dapagliflozin reduces systemic inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes without known heart failure. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2024; 23:197. [PMID: 38849829 PMCID: PMC11161924 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-024-02294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients; however, the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that dapagliflozin improves cardiac outcomes via beneficial effects on systemic and cardiac inflammation and cardiac fibrosis. RESEARCH AND DESIGN METHODS This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 62 adult patients (mean age 62, 17% female) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) without known heart failure. Subjects were randomized to 12 months of daily 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo. For all patients, blood/plasma samples and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were obtained at time of randomization and at the end of 12 months. Systemic inflammation was assessed by plasma IL-1B, TNFα, IL-6 and ketone levels and PBMC mitochondrial respiration, an emerging marker of sterile inflammation. Global myocardial strain was assessed by feature tracking; cardiac fibrosis was assessed by T1 mapping to calculate extracellular volume fraction (ECV); and cardiac tissue inflammation was assessed by T2 mapping. RESULTS Between the baseline and 12-month time point, plasma IL-1B was reduced (- 1.8 pg/mL, P = 0.003) while ketones were increased (0.26 mM, P = 0.0001) in patients randomized to dapagliflozin. PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased over the 12-month period in the placebo group but did not change in patients receiving dapagliflozin (- 158.9 pmole/min/106 cells, P = 0.0497 vs. - 5.2 pmole/min/106 cells, P = 0.41), a finding consistent with an anti-inflammatory effect of SGLT2i. Global myocardial strain, ECV and T2 relaxation time did not change in both study groups. CLINICAL TRIAL GOV REGISTRATION NCT03782259.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis D Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna V Naumova
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Daniel Isquith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jamie Sapp
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kim A Huynh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Isabella Tucker
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Niranjan Balu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anna Voronyuk
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Baocheng Chu
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karen Ordovas
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charles Maynard
- Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Xue-Qiao Zhao
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Francis Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
- University of Washington, 850 Republican St, Box 358055, Seattle, WA, 98104, USA.
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Sato R, Vatic M, Peixoto da Fonseca GW, Anker SD, von Haehling S. Biological basis and treatment of frailty and sarcopenia. Cardiovasc Res 2024:cvae073. [PMID: 38828887 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvae073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In an ageing society, the importance of maintaining healthy life expectancy has been emphasized. As a result of age-related decline in functional reserve, frailty is a state of increased vulnerability and susceptibility to adverse health outcomes with a serious impact on healthy life expectancy. The decline in skeletal muscle mass and function, also known as sarcopenia, is key in the development of physical frailty. Both frailty and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in patients not only with advanced age but also in patients with illnesses that exacerbate their progression like heart failure (HF), cancer, or dementia, with the prevalence of frailty and sarcopenia in HF patients reaching up to 50-75% and 19.5-47.3%, respectively, resulting in 1.5-3 times higher 1-year mortality. The biological mechanisms of frailty and sarcopenia are multifactorial, complex, and not yet fully elucidated, ranging from DNA damage, proteostasis impairment, and epigenetic changes to mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and environmental factors, many of which are further linked to cardiac disease. Currently, there is no gold standard for the treatment of frailty and sarcopenia, however, growing evidence supports that a combination of exercise training and nutritional supplement improves skeletal muscle function and frailty, with a variety of other therapies being devised based on the underlying pathophysiology. In this review, we address the involvement of frailty and sarcopenia in cardiac disease and describe the latest insights into their biological mechanisms as well as the potential for intervention through exercise, diet, and specific therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Mirela Vatic
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Guilherme Wesley Peixoto da Fonseca
- Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK) of German Heart Center Charité; German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Wang D, Naumova A, Isquith D, Sapp J, Huynh KA, Tucker I, Balu N, Voronyuk A, Chu B, Ordovas K, Maynard C, Tian R, Zhao XQ, Kim F. Dapagliflozin Reduces Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Without Known Heart Failure. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4132581. [PMID: 38585865 PMCID: PMC10996801 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4132581/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Objective Sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors significantly improve cardiovascular outcomes in diabetic patients; however, the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that dapagliflozin improves cardiac outcomes via beneficial effects on systemic and cardiac inflammation and cardiac fibrosis. Research and Design Methods This randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial enrolled 62 adult patients (mean age 62, 17% female) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) without known heart failure. Subjects were randomized to 12 months of daily 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo. For all patients, blood/plasma samples and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) were obtained at time of randomization and at the end of 12 months. Systemic inflammation was assessed by plasma IL-1B, TNFα, IL-6 and ketone levels and PBMC mitochondrial respiration, an emerging marker of sterile inflammation. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed by T1 mapping to calculate extracellular volume fraction (ECV); cardiac tissue inflammation was assessed by T2 mapping. Results Between the baseline and 12-month time point, plasma IL-1B was reduced (-1.8 pg/mL, P=0.003) while ketones were increased (0.26 mM, P=0.0001) in patients randomized to dapagliflozin. PBMC maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) decreased over the 12-month period in the placebo group but did not change in patients receiving dapagliflozin (-158.9 pmole/min/106cells, P=0.0497 vs -45.2 pmole/min/106cells, P=0.41), a finding consistent with an anti-inflammatory effect of SGLT2i. ECV and T2 relaxation time did not change in both study groups. Conclusion This study demonstrates that 12 months of dapagliflozin reduces IL-1B mediated systemic inflammation but affect cardiac fibrosis in T2D. Clinical Trialgov Registration NCT03782259.
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Buescher FM, Schmitz MT, Frett T, Kramme J, de Boni L, Elmenhorst EM, Mulder E, Moestl S, Heusser K, Frings-Meuthen P, Jordan J, Rittweger J, Pesta D. Effects of 30 days bed rest and exercise countermeasures on PBMC bioenergetics. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14102. [PMID: 38294173 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
AIM Altered mitochondrial function across various tissues is a key determinant of spaceflight-induced physical deconditioning. In comparison to tissue biopsies, blood cell bioenergetics holds promise as a systemic and more readily accessible biomarker, which was evaluated during head-down tilt bed rest (HDTBR), an established ground-based analog for spaceflight-induced physiological changes in humans. More specifically, this study explored the effects of HDTBR and an exercise countermeasure on mitochondrial respiration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). METHODS We subjected 24 healthy participants to a strict 30-day HDTBR protocol. The control group (n = 12) underwent HDTBR only, while the countermeasure group (n = 12) engaged in regular supine cycling exercise followed by veno-occlusive thigh cuffs post-exercise for 6 h. We assessed routine blood parameters 14 days before bed rest, the respiratory capacity of PBMCs via high-resolution respirometry, and citrate synthase activity 2 days before and at day 30 of bed rest. We confirmed PBMC composition by flow cytometry. RESULTS The change of the PBMC maximal oxidative phosphorylation capacity (OXPHOS) amounted to an 11% increase in the countermeasure group, while it decreased by 10% in the control group (p = 0.04). The limitation of OXPHOS increased in control only while other respiratory states were not affected by either intervention. Correlation analysis revealed positive associations between white blood cells, lymphocytes, and basophils with PBMC bioenergetics in both groups. CONCLUSION This study reveals that a regular exercise countermeasure has a positive impact on PBMC mitochondrial function, confirming the potential application of blood cell bioenergetics for human spaceflight.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-M Buescher
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - M T Schmitz
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - T Frett
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Kramme
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - L de Boni
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - E M Elmenhorst
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Mulder
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - S Moestl
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - K Heusser
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - P Frings-Meuthen
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Jordan
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - J Rittweger
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
| | - D Pesta
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Korepanov VA, Atabekov TA, Rebrova TY, Batalov RE, Afanasiev SA. Relationship between mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction of blood mononuclear cells and heart failure severity. J Geriatr Cardiol 2024; 21:130-134. [PMID: 38440343 PMCID: PMC10908581 DOI: 10.26599/1671-5411.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Viacheslav A. Korepanov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tariel A. Atabekov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatiana Yu. Rebrova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Roman E. Batalov
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Afanasiev
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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Thoppil J, Mehta P, Bartels B, Sharma D, Farrar JD. Impact of norepinephrine on immunity and oxidative metabolism in sepsis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1271098. [PMID: 38022663 PMCID: PMC10662053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1271098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major health problem in the United States (US), constituting a leading contributor to mortality among critically ill patients. Despite advances in treatment the underlying pathophysiology of sepsis remains elusive. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a significant role in antimicrobial host defense and inflammation and its dysregulation leads to maladaptive responses because of excessive inflammation. There is growing evidence for crosstalk between the central nervous system and the immune system in response to infection. The hypothalamic-pituitary and adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system are the two major pathways that mediate this interaction. Epinephrine (Epi) and norepinephrine (NE), respectively are the effectors of these interactions. Upon stimulation, NE is released from sympathetic nerve terminals locally within lymphoid organs and activate adrenoreceptors expressed on immune cells. Similarly, epinephrine secreted from the adrenal gland which is released systemically also exerts influence on immune cells. However, understanding the specific impact of neuroimmunity is still in its infancy. In this review, we focus on the sympathetic nervous system, specifically the role the neurotransmitter norepinephrine has on immune cells. Norepinephrine has been shown to modulate immune cell responses leading to increased anti-inflammatory and blunting of pro-inflammatory effects. Furthermore, there is evidence to suggest that norepinephrine is involved in regulating oxidative metabolism in immune cells. This review attempts to summarize the known effects of norepinephrine on immune cell response and oxidative metabolism in response to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joby Thoppil
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Prayag Mehta
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Brett Bartels
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Drashya Sharma
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - J. David Farrar
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas (UT) Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Osataphan N, Phrommintikul A, Leemasawat K, Somwangprasert A, Apaijai N, Suksai S, Sirikul W, Gunaparn S, Chattipakorn SC, Chattipakorn N. Effects of metformin and donepezil on the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer: a randomized controlled trial. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12759. [PMID: 37550350 PMCID: PMC10406870 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40061-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) causes deleterious cardiotoxicity. We aimed to investigate the protective roles of metformin and donepezil against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. In this randomized-controlled trial, 143 female breast cancer patients were enrolled. Metformin (n = 43), donepezil (n = 52), or placebo (n = 48) were prescribed during DOX treatment. The primary endpoint was a proportion of patients with high sensitivity troponin-I (hsTnI) more than the 99th percentile value (> 15.6 ng/L) after DOX treatment. The secondary outcomes were the changes in the hsTnI, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (GLS) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells analysis for mitochondrial respiration. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. The primary endpoint occurred in 58.54% of metformin group, 76.92% in donepezil group, and 69.77% in placebo group (p = 0.215). The level of hsTnI increased after receiving DOX with subsequent decline in LVEF and GLS. Metformin and donepezil did not attenuate hsTnI elevation, LVEF or GLS reduction. There was no significant change in NT-proBNP level. Mitochondrial respiratory dysfunction was observed in the placebo and donepezil groups. However, metformin preserved mitochondrial respiration during DOX therapy. In conclusion, co-treatment with metformin or donepezil did not prevent myocardial injury. Metformin had a favorable mitochondrial outcome and warranted future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichanan Osataphan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Arintaya Phrommintikul
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Krit Leemasawat
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Supanai Suksai
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wachiranun Sirikul
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriluck Gunaparn
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Sabe H. KRAS, MYC, and ARF6: inseparable relationships cooperatively promote cancer malignancy and immune evasion. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:106. [PMID: 37158894 PMCID: PMC10165578 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the KRAS gene and overexpression of protein products of the MYC and ARF6 genes occur frequently in cancer. Here, the inseparable relationships and cooperation of the protein products of these three genes in cancer malignancy and immune evasion are discussed. mRNAs encoded by these genes share the common feature of a G-quadruplex structure, which directs them to be robustly expressed when cellular energy production is increased. These three proteins are also functionally inseparable from each other, as follows. 1) KRAS induces MYC gene expression, and may also promote eIF4A-dependent MYC and ARF6 mRNA translation, 2) MYC induces the expression of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation, and 3) ARF6 protects mitochondria from oxidative injury. ARF6 may moreover promote cancer invasion and metastasis, and also acidosis and immune checkpoint. Therefore, the inseparable relationships and cooperation of KRAS, MYC, and ARF6 appear to result in the activation of mitochondria and the driving of ARF6-based malignancy and immune evasion. Such adverse associations are frequent in pancreatic cancer, and appear to be further enhanced by TP53 mutations. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, and Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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Shirakawa R, Nakajima T, Yoshimura A, Kawahara Y, Orito C, Yamane M, Handa H, Takada S, Furihata T, Fukushima A, Ishimori N, Nakagawa M, Yokota I, Sabe H, Hashino S, Kinugawa S, Yokota T. Enhanced mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with fatty liver in obese young adults. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5203. [PMID: 36997629 PMCID: PMC10063628 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation underlies the association between obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we investigated functional changes in leukocytes' mitochondria in obese individuals and their associations with NAFLD. We analyzed 14 obese male Japanese university students whose body mass index was > 30 kg/m2 and 15 healthy age- and sex-matched lean university students as controls. We observed that the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) capacity with complex I + II-linked substrates in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which was measured using a high-resolution respirometry, was significantly higher in the obese group versus the controls. The PBMCs' mitochondrial complex IV capacity was also higher in the obese subjects. All of the obese subjects had hepatic steatosis defined by a fatty liver index (FLI) score ≥ 60, and there was a positive correlation between their FLI scores and their PBMCs' mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity. The increased PBMCs' mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity was associated with insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, and higher serum levels of interleukin-6 in the entire series of subjects. Our results suggest that the mitochondrial respiratory capacity is increased in the PBMCs at the early stage of obesity, and the enhanced PBMCs' mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is associated with hepatic steatosis in obese young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Aya Yoshimura
- Health Care Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Chieko Orito
- Health Care Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Miwako Yamane
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine and Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoki Ishimori
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masao Nakagawa
- Health Care Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine and Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Research Institute of Angiocardiology, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Health Care Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14, Nishi-5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo, 060-8648, Japan.
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Silla A, Fogacci F, Punzo A, Hrelia S, Simoni P, Caliceti C, Cicero AFG. Treatment with PCSK9 Inhibitor Evolocumab Improves Vascular Oxidative Stress and Arterial Stiffness in Hypercholesterolemic Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030578. [PMID: 36978827 PMCID: PMC10045769 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic-related cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) are characterized by high serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) that can promote the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To answer the need for better LDL-C control in individuals at high and very high risk for CVD, a new injectable innovative family of lipid-lowering (LL) monoclonal antibodies against the protein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has been approved. However, the effect of these drugs on vascular function, such as ROS generation and arterial stiffness, has not already been extensively described. In this report, we present data from 18 males with high to very high CV risk undergoing LL treatment (LLT) with either statin and ezetimibe or ezetimibe monotherapy, who experienced, after a 2-month treatment with Evolocumab, a significant improvement in blood pressure (BP)-adjusted carotid–femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) (p-value = 0.0005 in the whole cohort, p-value = 0.0046 in the sub-cohort undergoing background LLT with statin and ezetimibe, p-value = 0.015 in the sub-cohort undergoing background LLT with ezetimibe monotherapy), which was significantly associated with a decrease in freshly isolated leukocytes (PBMCS)-derived H2O2 production (p-value = 0.004, p-value = 0.02 and p-value = 0.05, respectively, in the whole cohort, in the statin + ezetimibe sub-cohort, and the ezetimibe sub-cohort). Our observations support the role of systemic oxidative stress in atherosclerosis and give a further rationale for using Evolocumab also for its effect in vascular disorders linked to oxidative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Silla
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela Punzo
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Simoni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Cristiana Caliceti
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences—DIBINEM, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biosistemi e Biostrutture (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
- Interdepartmental Center of Industrial Research (CIRI)—Energy and Environment, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Arrigo F. G. Cicero
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
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11
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Koizumi T, Watanabe M, Yokota T, Tsuda M, Handa H, Koya J, Nishino K, Tatsuta D, Natsui H, Kadosaka T, Koya T, Nakao M, Hagiwara H, Kamada R, Temma T, Tanaka S, Anzai T. Empagliflozin suppresses mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and mitigates the inducibility of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1005408. [PMID: 36815024 PMCID: PMC9940756 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1005408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Recent studies have demonstrated that sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i) reduce the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), in which oxidative stress due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to the pathogenesis of AF. We aimed to further investigate this, and examine whether the SGLT2-i empagliflozin suppresses mitochondrial-ROS generation and mitigates fibrosis. Methods A high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin treatment were used to induce type-2 DM (T2DM) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: control, DM, and DM treated with empagliflozin (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. The mitochondrial respiratory capacity and ROS generation in the atrial myocardium were measured using a high-resolution respirometer. Oxidative stress markers and protein expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics as well as the mitochondrial morphology were examined in the atrial tissue. Additionally, mitochondrial function was examined in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Atrial tachyarrhythmia (ATA) inducibility, interatrial conduction time (IACT), and fibrosis were also measured. Results Inducibility of ATA, fibrosis, and IACT were increased in rats with DM when compared to controls, all of which were restored by empagliflozin treatment. In addition, the rats with DM had increased mitochondrial-ROS with an impaired complex I-linked oxidative phosphorylation capacity. Importantly, empagliflozin seemed to ameliorate these impairments in mitochondrial function. Furthermore, empagliflozin reversed the decrease in phosphorylated AMPK expression and altered protein levels related to mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, and increased mitochondrial content. Empagliflozin also improved mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells cultured with high glucose medium. Discussion These data suggest that empagliflozin has a cardioprotective effect, at least in part, by reducing mitochondrial ROS generation through AMPK signaling pathways in the atrium of diabetic rats. This suggests that empagliflozin might suppress the development of AF in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Koizumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaya Watanabe
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,*Correspondence: Masaya Watanabe ✉
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masumi Tsuda
- Department of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Haruka Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jiro Koya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Nishino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Daishiro Tatsuta
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Natsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahide Kadosaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taro Koya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Motoki Nakao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hikaru Hagiwara
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan,Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Rui Kamada
- Hanaoka Seishu Memorial Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taro Temma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | | | - Toshihisa Anzai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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12
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Sato T, Morishita S, Ono M, Funami Y, Hayao K, Kusano D, Kohzuki M. Peak exercise oxygen uptake and changes in renal function in patients after acute myocardial infarction. Heart Lung 2023; 57:277-282. [PMID: 36332352 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2022.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of exercise tolerance on renal function change after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not clear. OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of peak exercise oxygen uptake (VO2) levels on longitudinal changes in renal function up to 1 year after onset of AMI. METHODS This retrospective longitudinal study enrolled 198 AMI patients. Symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing was performed at completion of early Phase II cardiac rehabilitation, and peak VO2 levels were defined as the primary exposure factor. The estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFRs) at baseline, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year were collected. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models were used to test the longitudinal effect of peak VO2 levels on within-patient changes in eGFR. RESULTS Patients were stratified into tertile groups (Low group, 12.3 ± 1.3 mL/kg/min; Mid group, 15.3 ± 0.7 mL/kg/min; and High group, 19.1 ± 2.3 mL/kg/min) according to peak VO2 levels. The slopes of eGFR over 1 year in the Low (p = 0.024) and Mid groups (p = 0.037) were lower compared to the High group. The Low group had a significantly higher odds ratio of experiencing rapid renal function decline than the High group (odds ratio, 2.87; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant effect of lower peak VO2 on rapid decline in renal function after AMI. Our findings suggest that the coexistence of exercise intolerance may be a novel risk factor for rapid decline in renal function after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshimi Sato
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Tohoku General Hospital, 7-115, Yatsuyamada, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8563, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, Fukushima Medical University School of Health Sciences, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ono
- Department of Cardiology, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Koriyama, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Funami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Tohoku General Hospital, 7-115, Yatsuyamada, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8563, Japan
| | - Keishi Hayao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Tohoku General Hospital, 7-115, Yatsuyamada, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8563, Japan
| | - Daichi Kusano
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southern Tohoku General Hospital, Tohoku General Hospital, 7-115, Yatsuyamada, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-8563, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kohzuki
- Yamagata Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Yamagata, Japan; Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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13
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Alfatni A, Charles AL, Sauer F, Riou M, Goupilleau F, Talha S, Meyer A, Andres E, Kindo M, Mazzucotelli JP, Epailly E, Geny B. Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Mitochondrial Respiration and Superoxide Anion after Heart Transplantation. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237247. [PMID: 36498821 PMCID: PMC9735976 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitochondrial function of circulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is an interesting new approach to cardiac diseases. Thus, PBMC's mitochondrial respiration decreases in relation to heart failure severity. However, no data are available on heart-transplanted patients (Htx). POPULATION AND METHODS We determined PBMCs mitochondrial respiration by high-resolution respirometry (Oroboros Instruments) and superoxide anion production using electron paramagnetic resonance (Bruker-Biospin) in 20 healthy subjects and 20 matched Htx and investigated clinical, biological, echocardiographic, coronarography and biopsy characteristics. RESULTS PBMCs mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II respiration was decreased in Htx (4.69 ± 0.84 vs. 7.69 ± 1.00 pmol/s/million cell in controls and Htx patients, respectively; p = 0.007) and complex IV respiration was increased (24.58 ± 2.57 vs. 15.68 ± 1.67 pmol/s/million cell; p = 0.0035). Superoxide anion production was also increased in Htx (1.47 ± 0.10 vs. 1.15 ± 0.10 µmol/min; p = 0.041). The leucocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio was increased in Htx, whom complex II correlated with leucocyte number (r = 0.51, p = 0.02) and with the left ventricular posterior wall peak early diastolic myocardial velocity (r = -0.62, p = 0.005). Complex IV was increased in the two patients with acute rejection and correlated negatively with Htx's isovolumetric relation time (r = -0.45, p = 0.045). DISCUSSION Although presenting with normal systolic function, Htx demonstrated abnormal PBMC's mitochondrial respiration. Unlike immunosuppressive therapies, subclinical diastolic dysfunction might be involved in these changes. Additionally, lymphopenia might reduce complex II, and acute rejection enhances complex IV respirations. CONCLUSION PBMC's mitochondrial respiration appears modified in Htx, potentially linked to cellular shift, mild diastolic dysfunction and/or acute rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abrar Alfatni
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - François Sauer
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marianne Riou
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabienne Goupilleau
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Samy Talha
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Meyer
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emmanuel Andres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Kindo
- Cardiovascular Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Mazzucotelli
- Cardiovascular Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Epailly
- Cardiovascular Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Strasbourg, 11 Rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, NHC, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, CEDEX, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
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14
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Takada S, Kinugawa S, Handa H, Yokota T, Sabe H. Cross-disease communication between cancer and heart failure provides a rational approach to prevention and treatment of both diseases. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1006322. [PMID: 36387253 PMCID: PMC9661194 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1006322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating clinical data have demonstrated a clear positive association between cancer and cardiac disorders, particularly chronic heart failure (CHF). These two diseases can be mutual drivers of each other, and hence frequently co-occur in patients. The immune system is the core mechanism that eliminates transformed cells from our bodies. However, immune cells often play distinct or even conflicting roles in cancer and CHF. Moreover, CHF alters the properties of immune cells, particularly those of regulatory T cells. Our previous study showed that the oxidative phosphorylation capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is impaired in CHF, leading to the increased production of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, the co-occurrence of cancer and CHF becomes a serious problem, affecting the treatment of both diseases, and consequently negatively affecting patient survival rates. To date, few methods have been identified that effectively treat both diseases at the same time. Mitochondria activity may change in immune cells during their activation and exhaustion, and in CHF. Mitochondria activity is also largely affected in myocardia in CHF. We here focus on the mitochondrial abnormalities of immune cells in cancer and CHF, and discuss possible ways to treat cancer and CHF at the same time by targeting mitochondrial abnormalities. Many cancer cells are inevitably produced daily in our bodies, mostly owing to enzymatic nucleotide errors of DNA replication and repair. Therefore, the possibility of ways to prevent cancer by preventing the onset of heart failure will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Takada
- Department of Lifelong Sport, School of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Japan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shingo Takada, ;
; Shintaro Kinugawa, ; Hisataka Sabe, ;
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Research Institute of Angiocardiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shingo Takada, ;
; Shintaro Kinugawa, ; Hisataka Sabe, ;
| | - Haruka Handa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Shingo Takada, ;
; Shintaro Kinugawa, ; Hisataka Sabe, ;
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15
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Sato R, Vatic M, da Fonseca GWP, von Haehling S. Sarcopenia and Frailty in Heart Failure: Is There a Biomarker Signature? Curr Heart Fail Rep 2022; 19:400-411. [PMID: 36261756 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-022-00575-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Sarcopenia and frailty are common in patients with heart failure (HF) and are strongly associated with prognosis. This review aims to examine promising biomarkers that can guide physicians in identifying sarcopenia and frailty in HF. RECENT FINDINGS Traditional biomarkers including C-reactive protein, aminotransaminase, myostatin, and urinary creatinine as well as novel biomarkers including microRNAs, suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), galectin-3, and procollagen type III N-terminal peptide may help in predicting the development of sarcopenia and frailty in HF patients. Among those biomarkers, aminotransferase, urinary creatinine, and ST2 predicted the prognosis in HF patients with sarcopenia and frailty. This review outlines the current knowledge of biomarkers that are considered promising for diagnosing sarcopenia and frailty in HF. The listed biomarkers might support the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic decisions for sarcopenia and frailty in HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Sato
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Mirela Vatic
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Göttingen Medical Center, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Gottingen, Germany
| | | | - Stephan von Haehling
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Göttingen, Gottingen, Germany.
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Ezejiofor AN, Orish CN, Akaranta O. Multi-Organ inducedtoxicity of metal mixture (CdCl 2, HgCl 2, Pb(NO 3)), and the ameliorative potentials of plantain Musa paradisiaca (F. Musaceae) stem juice on male Wistar rats. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 14:211-224. [PMID: 36161263 PMCID: PMC9490206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Industrialization and urbanization have caused a hike in all forms of emissions, many of which have detrimental effects on plants, animals, the environment, and worse still, humans. In a quest for novel products (household, and medical), manufacturing industries work tirelessly worldwide using metals to meet man's needs. However, such metals especially those confined to this research (Hg, Cd, and Pb) are inherently hazardous to not just the environment but human life and existence. Thirty (30) male Wistar rats divided into six groups of five rats each was used for the study. Stock solutions of the heavy metals were prepared and the required dose calculated according to individual weight and administered as such to group 2-5, plantain stem juice (PSJ) was administered to groups 3 to 5 in increasing dose after receiving the HMM (heavy metal mixture) while group six received medium-dose of PSJ used in the study only. Bodyweight of the rats was monitored once in three weeks while the feed and fluid intake were monitored thrice a week. At the end of the ninth week, the animals were weighed and sacrificed. Organs of interest (brain, heart, lungs, and thymus) were harvested and analyzed. Analysis done include Histopathology, hematological, biochemical, and organs/blood metal concentration. The results obtained showed a decline in the weight of animals that received metal mixture only when compared to normal control and PSJ treated groups. This could be traceable to the decline in feed intake of the metal-induced groups. However, no significant effect was observed in the histology of the Thymus and cerebellum even though the presence of a vacuole in the cerebral cortex indicated an anomaly. The histology of the heart and the lungs showed some level of distortion which was ameliorated dose-dependently with the administration of PSJ. Interestingly, after a decrease in the antioxidant level upon administration of metal mixture, a booster effect was observed with an increasing dose of PSJ. In conclusion, the recent findings have demonstrated that treatment with PSJ in HMM induced intoxication has a significant role in protecting the animals from all possible organ toxicity by modulating hemato-biochemical parameters and oxidative stress level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthonet Ndidiamaka Ezejiofor
- African Center of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port HarcourtRivers State, Nigeria
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port HarcourtRivers State, Nigeria
| | | | - Onyewuchi Akaranta
- African Centre of Excecellence in Oil Field Chemicals (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port HarcourtRivers State, Nigeria
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17
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Luseogliflozin preserves the pancreatic beta-cell mass and function in db/db mice by improving mitochondrial function. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9740. [PMID: 35697838 PMCID: PMC9192642 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine the mechanism by which the sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, luseogliflozin, preserves pancreatic beta-cell mass and function in db/db mice. Six-week-old db/db mice were fed to standard chow or standard chow containing 0.01% luseogliflozin. After 4 weeks, DNA microarray analysis, real-time PCR analysis, and measurement of mitochondrial respiratory capacity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were performed using isolated islets. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopic analysis were performed using pancreatic tissues. Metabolites extracted from the islets were measured by capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry. The expression of genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain was upregulated by luseogliflozin. Luseogliflozin improved the mitochondrial complex II-linked oxidative phosphorylation capacity and reduced ROS generation. Mitochondrial morphology was normally maintained by luseogliflozin. Luseogliflozin increased NK6 homeobox 1 (NKX6.1) expression and TCA cycle metabolites. Relief of glucotoxicity by luseogliflozin may involve lower mitochondrial ROS generation and an improvement in complex II-linked mitochondrial respiration. Reducing ROS generation through preventing complex II damage likely increases NKX6.1 expression and ameliorate glucose metabolism in the TCA cycle, contributing to the protection of pancreatic beta-cells. Protection of complex II in pancreatic beta-cells represents a novel therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes.
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Anguita E, Chaparro A, Candel FJ, Ramos-Acosta C, Martínez-Micaelo N, Amigó N, Torrejón MJ, Llopis-García G, del Mar Suárez-Cadenas M, Matesanz M, del Castillo JG, Martín-Sánchez FJ. Biomarkers of stable and decompensated phases of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int J Cardiol 2022; 361:91-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Recent Approaches to Determine Static and Dynamic Redox State-Related Parameters. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050864. [PMID: 35624728 PMCID: PMC9137989 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant molecules, which is usually associated with oxidative damage to biomolecules and mitochondrial malfunction. Redox state-related parameters include (1) the direct measurement of ROS, (2) the assessment of the antioxidant defense status, and (3) the analysis of the resulting oxidative damage to molecules. Directly measuring ROS appears to be the preferred method among scientists, but most ROS are extremely unstable and difficult to measure. The processes of determining both the oxidative damage to biomolecules and the antioxidant system status, although both are indirect approaches, provide a reliable method to measure oxidative stress on a given sample. Recently, the Seahorse XF and the Oroboros O2k systems have provided new insights into the redox state from a more dynamic point of view. These techniques assess mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation function and bioenergetics on isolated mitochondria, cultured cells, or specific tissues such as permeabilized fibers. This review describes a range of methodologies to measure redox state-related parameters, their strengths, and their limitations. In conclusion, all these techniques are valid and none of them can be replaced by another. Indeed, they have the potential to complement each other for a complete evaluation of the redox state of a given sample.
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Improving effect of cordycepin on insulin synthesis and secretion in normal and oxidative-damaged INS-1 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174843. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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21
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Abnormal Mitochondrial Function and Morphology in Heart Transplanted Patients with Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022; 41:732-741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Sauer F, Riou M, Charles AL, Meyer A, Andres E, Geny B, Talha S. Pathophysiology of Heart Failure: A Role for Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Mitochondrial Dysfunction? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11030741. [PMID: 35160190 PMCID: PMC8836880 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11030741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization in patients aged more than 65 years and is associated with high mortality rates. A better comprehension of its physiopathology is still needed, and, in addition to neurohormonal systems and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 modulations, recent studies focus on the mitochondrial respiration of peripheral blood circulating cells (PBMCs). Thus, cardiovascular metabolic risk factors and cellular switch with an increased neutrophil/lymphocytes ratio might favor the decreased PBMC mitochondrial respiration observed in relation with HF severity. PBMCs are implicated in the immune system function and mitochondrial dysfunction of PBMC, potentially induced by their passage through a damaged heart and by circulating mitoDAMPs, which can lead to a vicious circle, thus sustaining negative cardiac remodeling during HF. This new approach of HF complex pathophysiology appears to be a promising field of research, and further studies on acute and chronic HF with reduced or preserved LVEF are warranted to better understand whether circulating PBMC mitochondrial function and mitoDAMPs follow-ups in HF patients might show diagnosis, prognosis or therapeutic usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Sauer
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Marianne Riou
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Laure Charles
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alain Meyer
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Emmanuel Andres
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- Internal Medicine, Diabete and Metabolic Diseases Service, University Hospital of Strasbourg, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Geny
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Samy Talha
- University of Strasbourg, Translational Medicine Federation of Strasbourg (FMTS), Faculty of Medicine, Team 3072 “Mitochondria, Oxidative Stress and Muscle Protection”, 11 rue Humann, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (F.S.); (M.R.); (A.-L.C.); (A.M.); (E.A.); (S.T.)
- University Hospital of Strasbourg, Physiology and Functional Exploration Service, 1 Place de l’Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg, France
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Natrus L, Labudzynskyi D, Muzychenko P, Chernovol P, Klys Y. Plasma-derived exosomes implement miR-126-associated regulation of cytokines secretion in PBMCs of CHF patients in vitro. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2022; 93:e2022066. [PMID: 35775773 PMCID: PMC9335432 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v93i3.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Background The investigation of regulatory effects of intra-exosomal compounds, especially microRNAs, has promising therapeutic prospects in the treatment of numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we investigated the effect of healthy donors` plasma exosomes (HDPE) on the production of cytokines by PBMC cells of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and showed the integral role of miRNA-126 in CHF-mediated changes of mononuclear paracrine secretion. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMСs) were isolated from a peripheral blood of fifteen patients with CHF (age, 66,8±9,8 years; left ventricular ejection fraction, 44±19%). The concentration of cytokines (IL-10, ICAM-1, VEGF-A, TNF-α and MCP-1) in culture medium and PBMCs was measured by ELISA. The level of miRNA-126 expression in PBMCs was performed by real-time PCR. Results Dramatic increase of ICAM-1 level in activated PBMCs of CHF patients, as well as an increase of the IL-10, ICAM-1 and TNF-α levels in the culture medium was observed. It was accompanied by CHF-related miRNA-126 overexpression in PBMCs. HDPE treatment distinguished by a tendency to reduction in miRNA-126 expression by CHF PBMCs and correlated with upregulation of IL-10, ICAM-1, TNF-α and MCP-1 with normalization of cytokines secretion. Conclusions The altered paracrine secretion of cytokines by CHF PBMCs and miRNA-126 overexpression in vitro was found. HDPE treatment modulated production and secretion of most of studied cytokines by CHF PBMCs in vitro. The experimental application of exosomes for the modulation of paracrine secretion and PBMCs cellular functions may be promising for CVD therapy, including endothelial dysfunction and CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larysa Natrus
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro Labudzynskyi
- Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | | | | | - Yuliia Klys
- Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
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Kakutani N, Yokota T, Fukushima A, Obata Y, Ono T, Sota T, Kinugasa Y, Takahashi M, Matsuo H, Matsukawa R, Yoshida I, Kakinoki S, Yonezawa K, Himura Y, Yokota I, Yamamoto K, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M, Kinugawa S. Impact of citrus fruit intake on the mental health of patients with chronic heart failure. J Cardiol 2021; 79:719-726. [PMID: 34955372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The full impact of the intake of citrus fruits on the risk of depression in individuals with chronic heart failure (HF) is unknown. Here, we examined the associations between the estimated habitual intakes of citrus fruits and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic HF. METHODS We enrolled 150 stable outpatients with chronic HF who had a history of worsening HF. To assess the patients' daily dietary patterns, we used a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire to calculate the daily consumption of foods and nutrients. To assess the patients' mental state, we used a nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). RESULTS Twelve patients (8%) were identified as having moderate-to-severe depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10). The patients with PHQ-9 ≥10 had lower daily intakes of citrus fruits compared to those with no or mild depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 <10). The daily intakes of various antioxidants, including vitamin C, β-carotene, and β-cryptoxanthin, all of which are abundant in citrus fruits, were reduced in the patients with PHQ-9 ≥10, accompanied by higher serum levels of 8-isoprostane (an oxidative stress marker). A multivariate logistic regression analysis using forward selection showed that a lowered daily intake of citrus fruits was an independent predictor of the comorbidity of moderate-to-severe depression in patients with chronic HF, after adjustment for age, gender, and the hemoglobin value. CONCLUSIONS A lower daily consumption of citrus fruits was associated with higher prevalence of depression in patients with chronic HF. Our findings support the hypothesis that a daily consumption of citrus fruits has a beneficial effect on the prevention and treatment of depression in chronic HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan; Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Kita-14 Nishi-5, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan.
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshikuni Obata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Taisuke Ono
- Department of Cardiology, Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Kitami, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sota
- Division of Rehabilitation, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kinugasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Hisashi Matsuo
- Department of Cardiology, Keiwakai Ebetsu Hospital, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Matsukawa
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Aortic Center, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Obihiro Kyokai Hospital, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Shigeo Kakinoki
- Department of Cardiology, Otaru Kyokai Hospital, Otaru, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Hakodate National Hospital, Hakodate, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Himura
- Department of Cardiology, Hikone Municipal Hospital, Hikone, Japan
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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25
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Donia T, Khamis A. Management of oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases: mechanisms and challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:34121-34153. [PMID: 33963999 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14109-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have diverse physiopathological mechanisms with interconnected oxidative stress and inflammation as one of the common etiologies which result in the onset and development of atherosclerotic plaques. In this review, we illustrate this strong crosstalk between oxidative stress, inflammation, and CVD. Also, mitochondrial functions underlying this crosstalk, and various approaches for the prevention of redox/inflammatory biological impacts will be illustrated. In part, we focus on the laboratory biomarkers and physiological tests for the evaluation of oxidative stress status and inflammatory processes. The impact of a healthy lifestyle on CVD onset and development is displayed as well. Furthermore, the differences in oxidative stress and inflammation are related to genetic susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and the variability in the assessment of CVDs risk between individuals; Omics technologies for measuring oxidative stress and inflammation will be explored. Finally, we display the oxidative stress-related microRNA and the functions of the redox basis of epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoria Donia
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abeer Khamis
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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Furihata T, Maekawa S, Takada S, Kakutani N, Nambu H, Shirakawa R, Yokota T, Kinugawa S. Premedication with pioglitazone prevents doxorubicin-induced left ventricular dysfunction in mice. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 22:27. [PMID: 33962676 PMCID: PMC8103594 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-021-00495-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is widely used as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for cancers; however, DOX induces cardiac toxicity, called DOX-induced cardiomyopathy. Although DOX-induced cardiomyopathy is known to be associated with a high cumulative dose of DOX, the mechanisms of its long-term effects have not been completely elucidated. Pioglitazone (Pio) is presently contraindicated in patients with symptomatic heart failure owing to the side effects. The concept of drug repositioning led us to hypothesize the potential effects of Pio as a premedication before DOX treatment, and to analyze this hypothesis in mice. METHODS First, for the hyperacute (day 1) and acute (day 7) DOX-induced dysfunction models, mice were fed a standard diet with or without 0.02% (wt/wt) Pio for 5 days before DOX treatment (15 mg/kg body weight [BW] via intraperitoneal [i.p.] administration). The following 3 treatment groups were analyzed: standard diet + vehicle (Vehicle), standard diet + DOX (DOX), and Pio + DOX. Next, for the chronic model (day 35), the mice were administrated DOX once a week for 5 weeks (5 mg/kg BW/week, i.p.). RESULTS In the acute phase after DOX treatment, the percent fractional shortening of the left ventricle (LV) was significantly decreased in DOX mice. This cardiac malfunction was improved in Pio + DOX mice. In the chronic phase, we observed that LV function was preserved in Pio + DOX mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings may provide a new pathophysiological explanation by which Pio plays a role in the treatment of DOX-induced cardiomyopathy, but the molecular links between Pio and DOX-induced LV dysfunction remain largely elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Furihata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Maekawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, 069-8511, Japan
| | - Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
- Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Nambu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Shirakawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi-7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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27
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Obata Y, Kakutani N, Kinugawa S, Fukushima A, Yokota T, Takada S, Ono T, Sota T, Kinugasa Y, Takahashi M, Matsuo H, Matsukawa R, Yoshida I, Yokota I, Yamamoto K, Tsuchihashi-Makaya M. Impact of Inadequate Calorie Intake on Mortality and Hospitalization in Stable Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030874. [PMID: 33800134 PMCID: PMC7998469 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with heart failure (HF), but the precise impact of dietary energy deficiency on HF patients' clinical outcomes is not known. We investigated the associations between inadequate calorie intake and adverse clinical events in 145 stable outpatients with chronic HF who had a history of hospitalization due to worsening HF. To assess the patients' dietary pattern, we used a brief self-administered diet-history questionnaire (BDHQ). Inadequate calorie intake was defined as <60% of the estimated energy requirement. In the total chronic HF cohort, the median calorie intake was 1628 kcal/day. Forty-four patients (30%) were identified as having an inadequate calorie intake. A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the patients with inadequate calorie intake had significantly worse clinical outcomes including all-cause death and HF-related hospitalization during the 1-year follow-up period versus those with adequate calorie intake (20% vs. 5%, p < 0.01). A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that inadequate calorie intake was an independent predictor of adverse clinical events after adjustment for various factors that may influence patients' calorie intake. Among patients with chronic HF, inadequate calorie intake was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality and rehospitalization due to worsening HF. However, our results are preliminary and larger studies with direct measurements of dietary calorie intake and total energy expenditure are needed to clarify the intrinsic nature of this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshikuni Obata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Naoya Kakutani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyusyu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5360
| | - Arata Fukushima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Takashi Yokota
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
- Clinical Research and Medical Innovation Center, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan
| | - Shingo Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (Y.O.); (N.K.); (A.F.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Taisuke Ono
- Department of Cardiology, Kitami Red Cross Hospital, Kitami 090-8666, Japan;
| | - Takeshi Sota
- Division of Rehabilitation, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori 683-8504, Japan;
| | - Yoshiharu Kinugasa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.Y.)
| | - Masashige Takahashi
- Department of Cardiology, Kushiro City General Hospital, Kushiro 085-0822, Japan;
| | - Hisashi Matsuo
- Department of Cardiology, Keiwakai Ebetsu Hospital, Ebetsu 069-0817, Japan;
| | - Ryuichi Matsukawa
- Division of Cardiology, Cardiovascular and Aortic Center, Saiseikai Fukuoka General Hospital, Fukuoka 810-0001, Japan;
| | - Ichiro Yoshida
- Department of Cardiology, Obihiro Kyokai Hospital, Obihiro 080-0805, Japan;
| | - Isao Yokota
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori 683-8503, Japan; (Y.K.); (K.Y.)
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28
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Systemic oxidative stress is associated with lower aerobic capacity and impaired skeletal muscle energy metabolism in heart failure patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2272. [PMID: 33500450 PMCID: PMC7838203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a role in the progression of chronic heart failure (CHF). We investigated whether systemic oxidative stress is linked to exercise intolerance and skeletal muscle abnormalities in patients with CHF. We recruited 30 males: 17 CHF patients, 13 healthy controls. All participants underwent blood testing, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS; lipid peroxides) were significantly higher (5.1 ± 1.1 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7 μmol/L, p < 0.01) and the serum activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), an antioxidant, were significantly lower (9.2 ± 7.1 vs. 29.4 ± 9.7 units/L, p < 0.01) in the CHF cohort versus the controls. The oxygen uptake (VO2) at both peak exercise and anaerobic threshold was significantly depressed in the CHF patients; the parameters of aerobic capacity were inversely correlated with serum TBARS and positively correlated with serum SOD activity. The phosphocreatine loss during plantar-flexion exercise and intramyocellular lipid content in the participants' leg muscle measured by 31phosphorus- and 1proton-MRS, respectively, were significantly elevated in the CHF patients, indicating abnormal intramuscular energy metabolism. Notably, the skeletal muscle abnormalities were related to the enhanced systemic oxidative stress. Our analyses revealed that systemic oxidative stress is related to lowered whole-body aerobic capacity and skeletal muscle dysfunction in CHF patients.
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29
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Vatner SF, Zhang J, Oydanich M, Berkman T, Naftalovich R, Vatner DE. Healthful aging mediated by inhibition of oxidative stress. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101194. [PMID: 33091597 PMCID: PMC7710569 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The progressive increase in lifespan over the past century carries with it some adversity related to the accompanying burden of debilitating diseases prevalent in the older population. This review focuses on oxidative stress as a major mechanism limiting longevity in general, and healthful aging, in particular. Accordingly, the first goal of this review is to discuss the role of oxidative stress in limiting longevity, and compare healthful aging and its mechanisms in different longevity models. Secondly, we discuss common signaling pathways involved in protection against oxidative stress in aging and in the associated diseases of aging, e.g., neurological, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, and cancer. Much of the literature has focused on murine models of longevity, which will be discussed first, followed by a comparison with human models of longevity and their relationship to oxidative stress protection. Finally, we discuss the extent to which the different longevity models exhibit the healthful aging features through physiological protective mechanisms related to exercise tolerance and increased β-adrenergic signaling and also protection against diabetes and other metabolic diseases, obesity, cancer, neurological diseases, aging-induced cardiomyopathy, cardiac stress and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Marko Oydanich
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Tolga Berkman
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Rotem Naftalovich
- Department of Anesthesiology, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dorothy E Vatner
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
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Exercise as a Therapeutic Strategy for Sarcopenia in Heart Failure: Insights into Underlying Mechanisms. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102284. [PMID: 33066240 PMCID: PMC7602002 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia, a syndrome commonly seen in elderly populations, is often characterized by a gradual loss of skeletal muscle, leading to the decline of muscle strength and physical performance. Growing evidence suggests that the prevalence of sarcopenia increases in patients with heart failure (HF), which is a dominant pathogenesis in the aging heart. HF causes diverse metabolic complications that may result in sarcopenia. Therefore, sarcopenia may act as a strong predictor of frailty, disability, and mortality associated with HF. Currently, standard treatments for slowing muscle loss in patients with HF are not available. Therefore, here, we review the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying sarcopenia in HF as well as current knowledge regarding the beneficial effects of exercise on sarcopenia in HF and related mechanisms, including hormonal changes, myostatin, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, autophagy, the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and insulin resistance.
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Measurement of Glutathione as a Tool for Oxidative Stress Studies by High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184196. [PMID: 32933160 PMCID: PMC7571047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Maintenance of the ratio of glutathione in the reduced (GSH) and oxidised (GSSG) state in cells is important in redox control, signal transduction and gene regulation, factors that are altered in many diseases. The accurate and reliable determination of GSH and GSSG simultaneously is a useful tool for oxidative stress determination. Measurement is limited primarily to the underestimation of GSH and overestimation GSSG as a result of auto-oxidation of GSH. The aim of this study was to overcome this limitation and develop, optimise and validate a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) assay of GSH and GSSG for the determination of oxidant status in cardiac and chronic kidney diseases. Methods: Fluorescence detection of the derivative, glutathione-O-pthaldialdehyde (OPA) adduct was used. The assay was validated by measuring the stability of glutathione and glutathione-OPA adduct under conditions that could affect the reproducibility including reaction time and temperature. Linearity, concentration range, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), recovery and extraction efficiency and selectivity of the method were assessed. Results: There was excellent linearity for GSH (r2 = 0.998) and GSSG (r2 = 0.996) over concentration ranges of 0.1 µM–4 mM and 0.2 µM–0.4 mM respectively. The extraction of GSH from tissues was consistent and precise. The limit of detection for GSH and GSSG were 0.34 µM and 0.26 µM respectively whilst their limits of quantification were 1.14 µM and 0.88 µM respectively. Conclusion: These data validate a method for the simultaneous measurement of GSH and GSSG in samples extracted from biological tissues and offer a simple determination of redox status in clinical samples.
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Takada S, Sabe H, Kinugawa S. Abnormalities of Skeletal Muscle, Adipocyte Tissue, and Lipid Metabolism in Heart Failure: Practical Therapeutic Targets. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:79. [PMID: 32478098 PMCID: PMC7235191 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases, including heart failure (HF), are often accompanied with skeletal muscle abnormalities in both quality and quantity, which are the major cause of impairment of the activities of daily living and quality of life. We have shown that skeletal muscle abnormalities are a hallmark of HF, in which metabolic pathways involving phosphocreatine and fatty acids are largely affected. Not only in HF, but the dysfunction of fatty acid metabolism may also occur in many chronic diseases, such as arteriosclerosis, as well as through insufficient physical exercise. Decreased fatty acid catabolism affects adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in mitochondria, via decreased activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle; and may cause abnormal accumulation of adipose tissue accompanied with hyperoxidation and ectopic lipid deposition. Such impairments of lipid metabolism are in turn detrimental to skeletal muscle, which is hence a chicken-and-egg problem between skeletal muscle and HF. In this review, we first discuss skeletal muscle abnormalities in HF, including sarcopenia; particularly their association with lipid metabolism and adipose tissue. On the other hand, the precise mechanisms involved in metabolic reprogramming and dysfunction are beginning to be understood, and an imbalance of daily nutritional intake of individuals has been found to be a causative factor for the development and worsening of HF. Physical exercise has long been known to be beneficial for the prevention and even treatment of HF. Again, the molecular mechanisms by which exercise promotes skeletal muscle as well as cardiac muscle functions are being clarified by recent studies. We propose that it is now the time to develop more “natural” methods to prevent and treat HF, rather than merely relying on drugs and medical interventions. Further analysis of the basic design of and molecular mechanisms involved in the human body, particularly the inextricable association between physical exercise and the integrity and functional plasticity of skeletal and cardiac muscles is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Takada
- Faculty of Lifelong Sport, Department of Sports Education, Hokusho University, Ebetsu, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hisataka Sabe
- Department of Molecular Biology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kinugawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Zhang Y, He N, Feng B, Ye H. Exercise Mediates Heart Protection via Non-coding RNAs. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:182. [PMID: 32266263 PMCID: PMC7098911 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the central matter of death worldwide and have emerged as a notable concern in the healthcare field. There is accumulating evidence that regular exercise training can be as a reliable and widely favorable approach to prevent the heart from cardiovascular events. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) could act as innovative biomarkers and auspicious therapeutic targets to reduce the incidence of CVDs. In this review, we summarized the regulatory effects of ncRNAs in the cardiac-protection provided by exercise to assess potential therapies for CVDs and disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Nana He
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Beili Feng
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Honghua Ye
- Department of Cardiology, HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, China
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Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Platelets Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Circulating mtDNA in Cardiovascular Diseases. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020311. [PMID: 31979097 PMCID: PMC7073649 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are devastating disorders and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. The pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases is complex and multifactorial and, in the past years, mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have gained growing attention. Indeed, CVDs can be considered as a systemic alteration, and understanding the eventual implication of circulating blood cells peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and or platelets, and particularly their mitochondrial function, ROS production, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) releases in patients with cardiac impairments, appears worthwhile. Interestingly, reports consistently demonstrate a reduced mitochondrial respiratory chain oxidative capacity related to the degree of CVD severity and to an increased ROS production by PBMCs. Further, circulating mtDNA level was generally modified in such patients. These data are critical steps in term of cardiac disease comprehension and further studies are warranted to challenge the possible adjunct of PBMCs’ and platelets’ mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and circulating mtDNA as biomarkers of CVD diagnosis and prognosis. This new approach might also allow further interesting therapeutic developments.
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