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Yue X, Li Y, Wei M, Duan Y, Yang L, Chen FE. Rational redesign of the loop dynamics of carbonyl reductase LfSDR1 to improve the stereoselectivity for asymmetric synthesis of bulky chiral alcohols. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133345. [PMID: 38944066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Engineering biocatalysts with enhanced stereoselectivity is highly desirable, and active-site loop dynamics play an important role in its regulation. However, knowledge of their precise roles in catalysis and evolution is limited. Here, we used the strategy of Rosetta enzyme design combined molecular dynamic simulations (MDs) to reprogram the landscapes of the key active-site loop dynamics of the carbonyl reductase LfSDR1 to improve stereoselectivity. The key flexible loop in the active site showed the potential to regulate the catalytic properties. A library of virtual variants was produced using the Rosetta design and assessed dynamic effect of the loop with the aid of MDs. A potential candidate was obtained with significant stereoselectivity (ee > 99 %) compared to the wild-type (ee = 42 %) without loss of catalytic activity or thermostability. The molecular basis of the catalytic property enhancement was flanked by MDs, which revealed the role of the G92L mutation in regulating loop dynamics to stabilize the environment of the active site. Finally, a series of the challenge bulky substrate derivatives were assessed using the G92L variant, and all showed improved stereoselectivity ee > 99 %. This study provides novel insights for improving stereoselectivity through rational engineering of the loop dynamics of biocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yue
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yitong Li
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Mankun Wei
- School of life science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yu Duan
- School of life science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Lin Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
| | - Fen-Er Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Center of Industrial Catalysis for Chiral Drugs, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
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2
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Dourado DFAR, Rowan AS, Maciuk S, Brown G, Gray D, Spratt J, Carvalho ATP, Pavlović D, Tur F, Caswell J, Quinn DJ, Moody TS, Mix S. Application of rational enzyme engineering in a new route to etonogestrel and levonorgestrel: carbonyl reductase bioreduction of ethyl secodione. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 38864241 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00011k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Women in developing countries still face enormous challenges when accessing reproductive health care. Access to voluntary family planning empowers women allowing them to complete their education and join the paid workforce. This effectively helps to end poverty, hunger and promotes good health for all. According to the United Nations (UN) organization, in 2022, an estimated 257 million women still lacked access to safe and effective family planning methods globally. One of the main barriers is the associated cost of modern contraceptive methods. Funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Almac Group worked on the development of a novel biocatalytic route to etonogestrel and levonorgestrel, two modern contraceptive APIs, with the goal of substantially decreasing the cost of production and so enabling their use in developing nations. This present work combines the selection and engineering of a carbonyl reductase (CRED) enzyme from Almac's selectAZyme™ panel, with process development, to enable efficient and economically viable bioreduction of ethyl secodione to (13R,17S)-secol, the key chirality introducing intermediate en route to etonogestrel and levonorgestrel API. CRED library screening returned a good hit with an Almac CRED from Bacillus weidmannii, which allowed for highly stereoselective bioreduction at low enzyme loading of less than 1% w/w under screening assay conditions. However, the only co-solvent tolerated was DMSO up to ∼30% v/v, and it was impossible to achieve reaction completion with any enzyme loading at substrate titres of 20 g L-1 and above, due to the insolubility of the secodione. This triggered a rapid enzyme engineering program fully based on computational mutant selection. A small panel of 93 CRED mutants was rationally designed to increase the catalytic activity as well as thermal and solvent stability. The best mutant, Mutant-75, enabled a reaction at 45 °C to go to completion at 90 g L-1 substrate titre in a buffer/DMSO/heptane reaction medium fed over 6 h with substrate DMSO stock solution, with a low enzyme loading of 3.5% w/w wrt substrate. In screening assay conditions, Mutant-75 also showed a 2.2-fold activity increase. Our paper shows which computations and rational decisions enabled this outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrew S Rowan
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Sergej Maciuk
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Gareth Brown
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Darren Gray
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Jenny Spratt
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | | | - Dražen Pavlović
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Fernando Tur
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Jill Caswell
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Derek J Quinn
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Thomas S Moody
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
| | - Stefan Mix
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, UK.
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3
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Chen R, Wang M, Keasling JD, Hu T, Yin X. Expanding the structural diversity of terpenes by synthetic biology approaches. Trends Biotechnol 2024; 42:699-713. [PMID: 38233232 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Terpenoids display chemical and structural diversities as well as important biological activities. Despite their extreme variability, the range of these structures is limited by the scope of natural products that canonically derive from interconvertible five-carbon (C5) isoprene units. New approaches have recently been developed to expand their structural diversity. This review systematically explores the combinatorial biosynthesis of noncanonical building blocks via the coexpression of the canonical mevalonate (MVA) pathway and C-methyltransferases (C-MTs), or by using the lepidopteran mevalonate (LMVA) pathway. Unnatural terpenoids can be created from farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) analogs by chemobiological synthesis and terpene cyclopropanation by artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs). Advanced technologies to accelerate terpene biosynthesis are discussed. This review provides a valuable reference for increasing the diversity of valuable terpenoids and their derivatives, as well as for expanding their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310000, China; Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA.
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jay D Keasling
- Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Biological Systems and Engineering Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Center for Synthetic Biochemistry, Institute for Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technologies, Shenzhen 518055, China; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tianyuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaopu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province, School of Pharmacy, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310000, China.
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4
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Chen M, Zhu L, Zheng W, Fu Y, Zhang J, He H, Antilla JC. Catalytic Asymmetric Desymmetrization of Cyclic 1,3-Diketones Using Chiral Boro-phosphates. Org Lett 2024; 26:3951-3956. [PMID: 38678546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report a chiral boro-phosphate-catalyzed reductive amination for the desymmetrization of 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-cyclopentadiones with pinacolborane as the reducing agent, delivering chiral β-amino ketones with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in good yields (≤94%), high enantioselectivities (≤97% ee), and excellent diastereoselectivities (>20:1 dr). This reaction has a broad substrate scope and high functional group tolerance. The importance of the chiral products was also demonstrated through the preparation of multifunctional building blocks and heterocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Linfei Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Weitao Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Yili Fu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Junru Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Hualing He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Jon C Antilla
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
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5
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Chadha A, Padhi SK, Stella S, Venkataraman S, Saravanan T. Microbial alcohol dehydrogenases: recent developments and applications in asymmetric synthesis. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:228-251. [PMID: 38050738 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01447a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases are a well-known group of enzymes in the class of oxidoreductases that use electron transfer cofactors such as NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H for oxidation or reduction reactions of alcohols or carbonyl compounds respectively. These enzymes are utilized mainly as purified enzymes and offer some advantages in terms of green chemistry. They are environmentally friendly and a sustainable alternative to traditional chemical synthesis of bulk and fine chemicals. Industry has implemented several whole-cell biocatalytic processes to synthesize pharmaceutically active ingredients by exploring the high selectivity of enzymes. Unlike the whole cell system where cofactor regeneration is well conserved within the cellular environment, purified enzymes require additional cofactors or a cofactor recycling system in the reaction, even though cleaner reactions can be carried out with fewer downstream work-up problems. The challenge of producing purified enzymes in large quantities has been solved in large part by the use of recombinant enzymes. Most importantly, recombinant enzymes find applications in many cascade biotransformations to produce several important chiral precursors. Inevitably, several dehydrogenases were engineered as mere recombinant enzymes could not meet the industrial requirements for substrate and stereoselectivity. In recent years, a significant number of engineered alcohol dehydrogenases have been employed in asymmetric synthesis in industry. In a parallel development, several enzymatic and non-enzymatic methods have been established for regenerating expensive cofactors (NAD+/NADP+) to make the overall enzymatic process more efficient and economically viable. In this review article, recent developments and applications of microbial alcohol dehydrogenases are summarized by emphasizing notable examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Chadha
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Santosh Kumar Padhi
- Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
| | - Selvaraj Stella
- Department of Chemistry, Sarah Tucker College (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University), Tirunelveli-627007, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Sowmyalakshmi Venkataraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education & Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Thangavelu Saravanan
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500 046, Telangana, India.
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6
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Xu SY, Zhou L, Xu Y, Hong HY, Dai C, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Recent advances in structure-based enzyme engineering for functional reconstruction. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:3427-3445. [PMID: 37638646 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Structural information can help engineer enzymes. Usually, specific amino acids in particular regions are targeted for functional reconstruction to enhance the catalytic performance, including activity, stereoselectivity, and thermostability. Appropriate selection of target sites is the key to structure-based design, which requires elucidation of the structure-function relationships. Here, we summarize the mutations of residues in different specific regions, including active center, access tunnels, and flexible loops, on fine-tuning the catalytic performance of enzymes, and discuss the effects of altering the local structural environment on the functions. In addition, we keep up with the recent progress of structure-based approaches for enzyme engineering, aiming to provide some guidance on how to take advantage of the structural information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Yue Hong
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Dai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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7
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Liu Y, Zhu L, Li X, Cui Y, Roosta A, Feng J, Chen X, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D. Photoredox/Enzymatic Catalysis Enabling Redox-Neutral Decarboxylative Asymmetric C-C Coupling for Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral 1,2-Amino Alcohols. JACS AU 2023; 3:3005-3013. [PMID: 38034963 PMCID: PMC10685423 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis offers tremendous opportunities for enzymes to access new functions. Herein, we described a redox-neutral photocatalysis/enzymatic catalysis system for the asymmetric synthesis of chiral 1,2-amino alcohols via decarboxylative radical C-C coupling of N-arylglycines and aldehydes by combining an organic photocatalyst, eosin Y, and carbonyl reductase RasADH. Notably, this protocol avoids using any sacrificial reductants. A possible reaction mechanism proposed is that the transformation proceeds through sequential photoinduced decarboxylative radical addition to an aldehyde and a photoenzymatic deracemization pathway. This redox-neutral photoredox/enzymatic strategy is promising not only for effective synthesis of a series of chiral amino alcohols in a green and sustainable manner but also for the design of other novel C-C radical coupling transformations for the synthesis of bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Liu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Liangyan Zhu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Atefeh Roosta
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National
Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering
Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National
Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
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8
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Zhou J, Han T, Ahmad S, Quinn D, Moody TS, Wu Q, Huang M. Origin of the enantioselectivity of alcohol dehydrogenase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31292-31300. [PMID: 37955422 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) are a family of enzymes that catalyse the interconversion between ketones/aldehydes and alcohols in the presence of NADPH cofactor. It is challenging to desymmetrise the substituted cyclopentane-1,3-dione by engineering an ADH, while the reaction mechanism of the metal independent ADH remains elusive. Here we measured the conversion of a model substrate 2-benzyl-2-methylcyclopentane-1,3-dione by LbADH and found it predominately gave the (2R,3R) product. Binding mode analysis of the substrate in LbADH from molecular dynamics simulations disclosed the origin of the enantioselectivity of the enzyme; the opening and closing of the loop 191-205 above the substrate are responsible for shaping the binding pocket to orientate the substrate, so as to give different stereoisomer products. Using QM/MM calculations, we elucidated the reaction mechanism of LbADH. Furthermore, we demonstrated the reaction profile corresponding to the production of different stereoisomers, which is in accordance with our experimental observations. This research here will shed a light on the rational engineering of ADH to achieve stereodivergent stereoisomer products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - Tao Han
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Shahbaz Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, Northern Ireland, UK
- Arran Chemical Company Limited, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co. Roscommon, Ireland
| | - Derek Quinn
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, Northern Ireland, UK
- Arran Chemical Company Limited, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co. Roscommon, Ireland
| | - Thomas S Moody
- Almac Sciences, Department of Biocatalysis and Isotope Chemistry, Almac House, 20 Seagoe Industrial Estate, Craigavon BT63 5QD, Northern Ireland, UK
- Arran Chemical Company Limited, Unit 1 Monksland Industrial Estate, Athlone, Co. Roscommon, Ireland
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Meilan Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, David Keir Building, Stranmillis Road, Belfast BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK.
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9
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Rudzka A, Zdun B, Antos N, Montero LM, Reiter T, Kroutil W, Borowiecki P. Biocatalytic characterization of an alcohol dehydrogenase variant deduced from Lactobacillus kefir in asymmetric hydrogen transfer. Commun Chem 2023; 6:217. [PMID: 37828252 PMCID: PMC10570314 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-023-01013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen transfer biocatalysts to prepare optically pure alcohols are in need, especially when it comes to sterically demanding ketones, whereof the bioreduced products are either essential precursors of pharmaceutically relevant compounds or constitute APIs themselves. In this study, we report on the biocatalytic potential of an anti-Prelog (R)-specific Lactobacillus kefir ADH variant (Lk-ADH-E145F-F147L-Y190C, named Lk-ADH Prince) employed as E. coli/ADH whole-cell biocatalyst and its characterization for stereoselective reduction of prochiral carbonyl substrates. Key enzymatic reaction parameters, including the reaction medium, evaluation of cofactor-dependency, organic co-solvent tolerance, and substrate loading, were determined employing the drug pentoxifylline as a model prochiral ketone. Furthermore, to tap the substrate scope of Lk-ADH Prince in hydrogen transfer reactions, a broad range of 34 carbonylic derivatives was screened. Our data demonstrate that E. coli/Lk-ADH Prince exhibits activity toward a variety of structurally different ketones, furnishing optically active alcohol products at the high conversion of 65-99.9% and in moderate-to-high isolated yields (38-91%) with excellent anti-Prelog (R)-stereoselectivity (up to >99% ee) at substrate concentrations up to 100 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rudzka
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Zdun
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Antos
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lia Martínez Montero
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Tamara Reiter
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, BioTechMed Graz, Field of Excellence BioHealth, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Paweł Borowiecki
- Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662, Warsaw, Poland.
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10
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Zhou H, Chuang P, Xu L, Wu Q. Asymmetric Synthesis of Bulky N-Cyclopropylmethyl-1-aryl-1-phenylmethylamines Catalyzed by Engineered Imine Reductases. Org Lett 2023; 25:6688-6692. [PMID: 37671859 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic reduction of diphenylmethanimine derivatives has rarely been reported owing to their steric hindrance. Herein, imine reductase (IRED) from Nocardia cyriacigeorgica rationally engineered with an efficient strategy of focused rational iterative site-specific mutagenesis (FRISM) was selected for the reduction of a series of N-cyclopropylmethyl-1-aryl-1-phenylmethylimines. Two highly enantioselective IRED variants were identified, providing various bulky amine products with moderate to high yields and high ee values (up to >99%). This work provided an effective method to construct these important pharmaceutical intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Zhou
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Peihsuan Chuang
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Leyan Xu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Center of Chemistry for Frontier Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P. R. China
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11
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Artasensi A, Bassanini I, E Ferrandi E, Feni L, Vistoli G, Fumagalli L, Gandolfi R. Chemoenzymatic approach towards the synthesis of the antitumor and antileishmanial marine metabolite (+)-Harzialactone A via the stereoselective, biocatalyzed reduction of a prochiral ketone. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106675. [PMID: 37329813 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
As a rich source of biological active compounds, marine natural products have been increasingly screened as candidates for developing new drugs. Among the several marine products and metabolites, (+)-Harzialactone A has drawn considerable attention for its antitumor and antileishmanial activity. In this work a chemoenzymatic approach has been implemented for the preparation of the marine metabolite (+)-Harzialactone A. The synthesis involved a stereoselective, biocatalyzed reduction of the prochiral ketone 4-oxo-5-phenylpentanoic acid or the corresponding esters, all generated by chemical reactions. A collection of different promiscuous oxidoreductases (both wild-type and engineered) and diverse microorganism strains were investigated to mediate the bioconversions. After co-solvent and co-substrate investigation in order to enhance the bioreduction performance, T. molischiana in presence of NADES (choline hydrochloride-glucose) and ADH442 were identified as the most promising biocatalysts, allowing the obtainment of the (S)-enantiomer with excellent ee (97% to > 99% respectively) and good to excellent conversion (88% to 80% respectively). The successful attempt in this study provides a new chemoenzymatic approach for the synthesis of (+)-Harzialactone A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica Artasensi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Ivan Bassanini
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche ''Giulio Natta'', Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - E E Ferrandi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche ''Giulio Natta'', Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy.
| | - Lucia Feni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
| | - Raffaella Gandolfi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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12
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Zhu L, Chen X, Feng J, Cui Y, Wu Q, Zhu D. Semirational Engineering of a Thermostable Carbonyl Reductase for the Precision Synthesis of (2 R,3 R)-2-Methyl-2-benzyl-3-hydroxycyclopentanone and Its Analogues. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11905-11912. [PMID: 37526991 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
2,2-Disubstituted-3-hydroxycyclopentanones are important chiral intermediates for natural products and pharmaceuticals. Through semirational engineering of a thermostable carbonyl reductase CBCR from Cupriavidus sp. BIS7, a mutant L91C/F93I was obtained. Mutant L91C/F93I showed 4- to 36-fold enhanced activities toward 2-methyl-2-benzyl-1,3-cyclopentanedione and its analogues, affording the (2R,3R)-stereoisomers with >99% ee and >99% de. Enzyme-substrate docking studies were performed to reveal the molecular basis for the activity and stereoselectivity improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyan Zhu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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Chen ZY, Yang MW, Wang ZL, Xu YH. Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Desymmetric Protosilylation of Prochiral Diynes: Access to Optically Functionalized Tertiary Alcohols. Org Lett 2023. [PMID: 37418590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
In this protocol, a copper-catalyzed desymmetric protosilylation of prochiral diynes was developed. The corresponding products were obtained in moderate to high yields and enantiomeric ratios. This approach provides a simple method for synthesizing functionalized chiral tertiary alcohols in the presence of a chiral pyridine-bisimidazoline (Pybim) ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Yuan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Lu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Yun-He Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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14
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Lv T, Feng J, Chen X, Luo Y, Wu Q, Zhu D, Ma Y. Desymmetric Reductive Amination of 1,3-Cyclopentadiones to Single Stereoisomer of β-Amino Ketones with an All-Carbon Quaternary Stereocenter by Engineered Amine Dehydrogenases. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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15
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Shanbhag AP. Stairway to Stereoisomers: Engineering Short- and Medium-Chain Ketoreductases To Produce Chiral Alcohols. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200687. [PMID: 36640298 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The short- and medium-chain dehydrogenase/reductase superfamilies are responsible for most chiral alcohol production in laboratories and industries. In nature, they participate in diverse roles such as detoxification, housekeeping, secondary metabolite production, and catalysis of several chemicals with commercial and environmental significance. As a result, they are used in industries to create biopolymers, active pharmaceutical intermediates (APIs), and are also used as components of modular enzymes like polyketide synthases for fabricating bioactive molecules. Consequently, random, semi-rational and rational engineering have helped transform these enzymes into product-oriented efficient catalysts. The rise of newer synthetic chemicals and their enantiopure counterparts has proved challenging, and engineering them has been the subject of numerous studies. However, they are frequently limited to the synthesis of a single chiral alcohol. The study attempts to defragment and describe hotspots of engineering short- and medium-chain dehydrogenases/reductases for the production of chiral synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirudh P Shanbhag
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, 700009, India.,Bugworks Research India Pvt. Ltd., C-CAMP, National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS-TIFR), Bellary Road, Bangalore, 560003, India
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16
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Liu HT, Weng CY, Zhou L, Xu HB, Liao ZY, Hong HY, Ye YF, Li SF, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Coevolving stability and activity of LsCR by a single point mutation and constructing neat substrate bioreaction system. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:1521-1530. [PMID: 36799475 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl reductase (CR)-catalyzed bioreduction in the organic phase and the neat substrate reaction system is a lasting challenge, placing higher requirements on the performance of enzymes. Protein engineering is an effective method to enhance the properties of enzymes for industrial applications. In the present work, a single point mutation E145A on our previously constructed CR mutant LsCRM3 , coevolved thermostability, and activity. Compared with LsCRM3 , the catalytic efficiency kcat /KM of LsCRM3 -E145A (LsCRM4 ) was increased from 6.6 to 21.9 s-1 mM-1 . Moreover, E145A prolonged the half-life t1/2 at 40°C from 4.1 to 117 h, T m ${T}_{m}$ was increased by 5°C, T 50 30 ${T}_{50}^{30}$ was increased by 14.6°C, and Topt was increased by 15°C. Only 1 g/L of lyophilized Escherichia coli cells expressing LsCRM4 completely reduced up to 600 g/L 2-chloro-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanone (CFPO) within 13 h at 45°C, yielding the corresponding (1S)-2-chloro-1-(3,4-difluorophenyl)ethanol ((S)-CFPL) in 99.5% eeP , with a space-time yield of 1.0 kg/L d, the substrate to catalyst ratios (S/C) of 600 g/g. Compared with LsCRM3 , the substrate loading was increased by 50%, with the S/C increased by 14 times. Compared with LsCRWT , the substrate loading was increased by 6.5 times. In contrast, LsCRM4 completely converted 600 g/L CFPO within 12 h in the neat substrate bioreaction system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yue Weng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao-Bo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han-Yue Hong
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Fan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Hou X, Xu H, Yuan Z, Deng Z, Fu K, Gao Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Rao Y. Structural analysis of an anthrol reductase inspires enantioselective synthesis of enantiopure hydroxycycloketones and β-halohydrins. Nat Commun 2023; 14:353. [PMID: 36681664 PMCID: PMC9867772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones, particularly, reductive desymmetrization of 2,2-disubstituted prochiral 1,3-cyclodiketones to produce enantiopure chiral alcohols is challenging. Herein, an anthrol reductase CbAR with the ability to accommodate diverse bulky substrates, like emodin, for asymmetric reduction is identified. We firstly solve crystal structures of CbAR and CbAR-Emodin complex. It reveals that Tyr210 is critical for emodin recognition and binding, as it forms a hydrogen-bond interaction with His162 and π-π stacking interactions with emodin. This ensures the correct orientation for the stereoselectivity. Then, through structure-guided engineering, variant CbAR-H162F can convert various 2,2-disubstituted 1,3-cyclodiketones and α-haloacetophenones to optically pure (2S, 3S)-ketols and (R)-β-halohydrins, respectively. More importantly, their stereoselectivity mechanisms are also well explained by the respective crystal structures of CbAR-H162F-substrate complex. Therefore, this study demonstrates that an in-depth understanding of catalytic mechanism is valuable for exploiting the promiscuity of anthrol reductases to prepare diverse enantiopure chiral alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Hou
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Huibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zhenbo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwei Deng
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Kai Fu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Changmei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yijian Rao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China.
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18
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Xu P, Shen C, Xu A, Low K, Huang Z. Desymmetric Cyanosilylation of Acyclic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208443. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Chang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Aiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Kam‐Hung Low
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
| | - Zhongxing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry Department of Chemistry University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China
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19
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Xu P, Shen C, Xu A, Low KH, Huang Z. Desymmetric Cyanosilylation of Acyclic 1,3‐Diketones. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Xu
- University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Chang Shen
- University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Aiqing Xu
- University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Kam-Hung Low
- University of Hong Kong Department of Chemistry HONG KONG
| | - Zhongxing Huang
- University of Hong Kong Chemistry RM 608 Chong Yuet Ming Chemistry Building na Hong Kong HONG KONG
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20
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Cui Y, Ji Y, Chen X, Li J, Feng J, Zhao Q, Yao P, Wu Q, Zhu D. Efficient enzymatic synthesis of (S)-1-(3′-bromo-2′-methoxyphenyl)ethanol, the key building block of lusutrombopag. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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21
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Huang C, Liu J, Fang J, Jia X, Zheng Z, You S, Qin B. Ketoreductase Catalyzed (Dynamic) Kinetic Resolution for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:929784. [PMID: 35845398 PMCID: PMC9280296 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.929784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Biocatalyzed asymmetric reduction of ketones is an environmentally friendly approach and one of the most cost-effective routes for producing chiral alcohols. In comparison with the well-studied reduction of prochiral ketones to generate chiral alcohols with one chiral center, resolution of racemates by ketoreductases (KREDs) to produce chiral compounds with at least two chiral centers is also an important strategy in asymmetric synthesis. The development of protein engineering and the combination with chemo-catalysts further enhanced the application of KREDs in the efficient production of chiral alcohols with high stereoselectivity. This review discusses the advances in the research area of KRED catalyzed asymmetric synthesis for biomanufacturing of chiral chemicals with at least two chiral centers through the kinetic resolution (KR) approach and the dynamic kinetic resolution (DKR) approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenming Huang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Junling Liu
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiali Fang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xian Jia
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhendong Zheng
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhendong Zheng, ; Song You, ; Bin Qin,
| | - Song You
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhendong Zheng, ; Song You, ; Bin Qin,
| | - Bin Qin
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhendong Zheng, ; Song You, ; Bin Qin,
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22
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Sankaranarayanan K, Heid E, Coley CW, Verma D, Green WH, Jensen KF. Similarity based enzymatic retrosynthesis. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6039-6053. [PMID: 35685792 PMCID: PMC9132021 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01588a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes synthesize complex natural products effortlessly by catalyzing chemo-, regio-, and enantio-selective transformations. Further, biocatalytic processes are increasingly replacing conventional organic synthesis steps because they use mild solvents, avoid the use of metals, and reduce overall non-biodegradable waste. Here, we present a single-step retrosynthesis search algorithm to facilitate enzymatic synthesis of natural product analogs. First, we develop a tool, RDEnzyme, capable of extracting and applying stereochemically consistent enzymatic reaction templates, i.e., subgraph patterns that describe the changes in connectivity between a product molecule and its corresponding reactant(s). Using RDEnzyme, we demonstrate that molecular similarity is an effective metric to propose retrosynthetic disconnections based on analogy to precedent enzymatic reactions in UniProt/RHEA. Using ∼5500 reactions from RHEA as a knowledge base, the recorded reactants to the product are among the top 10 proposed suggestions in 71% of ∼700 test reactions. Second, we trained a statistical model capable of discriminating between reaction pairs belonging to homologous enzymes and evolutionarily distant enzymes using ∼30 000 reaction pairs from SwissProt as a knowledge base. This model is capable of understanding patterns in enzyme promiscuity to evaluate the likelihood of experimental evolution success. By recursively applying the similarity-based single-step retrosynthesis and evolution prediction workflow, we successfully plan the enzymatic synthesis routes for both active pharmaceutical ingredients (e.g. Islatravir, Molnupiravir) and commodity chemicals (e.g. 1,4-butanediol, branched-chain higher alcohols/biofuels), in a retrospective fashion. Through the development and demonstration of the single-step enzymatic retrosynthesis strategy using natural transformations, our approach provides a first step towards solving the challenging problem of incorporating both enzyme- and organic-chemistry based transformations into a computer aided synthesis planning workflow. Using a large database of enzymatic transformations, similarity based enzymatic retrosynthesis search algorithm takes a holistic approach to enzymatic synthesis planning to yield a diverse set of single-step suggestions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Sankaranarayanan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Esther Heid
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA .,Institute of Materials Chemistry, TU Wien 1060 Vienna Austria
| | - Connor W Coley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Deeptak Verma
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc. Kenilworth NJ 07033 USA
| | - William H Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
| | - Klavs F Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge Massachusetts 02139 USA
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23
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Yan Q, Zhang X, Chen Y, Guo B, Zhou P, Chen B, Huang Q, Wang JB. From Semirational to Rational Design: Developing a Substrate-Coupled System of Glucose Dehydrogenase for Asymmetric Synthesis. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xinhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yingzhuang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jian-bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education) and Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry R&D of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, 410081 Changsha, P. R. China
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24
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Wamser N, Wu H, Buono F, Brundage A, Ricci F, Lorenz JC, Wang J, Haddad N, Paolillo J, Leung JC, Lee H, Hossain A. Discovery and Process Development of a Scalable Biocatalytic Kinetic Resolution toward Synthesis of a Sterically Hindered Chiral Ketone. Org Process Res Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.2c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Wamser
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Hao Wu
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Frederic Buono
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Anthony Brundage
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Francesco Ricci
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jon C. Lorenz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Nizar Haddad
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Joshua Paolillo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Joyce C. Leung
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Heewon Lee
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
| | - Azad Hossain
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, P.O. Box 368, Ridgefield, Connecticut 06877, United States
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25
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Xu Q, Huang KS, Wang YF, Wang HH, Cui BD, Han WY, Chen YZ, Wan NW. Stereodivergent Synthesis of Epoxides and Oxazolidinones via the Halohydrin Dehalogenase-Catalyzed Desymmetrization Strategy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Kai-Shun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yuan-Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Bao-Dong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Wen-Yong Han
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Nan-Wei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province, Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province, Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
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26
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Feng J, Wu Q, Zhu D, Ma Y. Biotransformation Enables Innovations Toward Green Synthesis of Steroidal Pharmaceuticals. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102399. [PMID: 35089653 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Steroids have been widely used in birth-control, prevention, and treatment of various diseases, representing the largest sector after antibiotics in the global pharmaceutical market. The steroidal active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have been produced via partial synthetic processes first mainly from sapogenins, which was converted into 16-dehydropregnenolone by the famous "Marker Degradation". Traditional mutation and screening, and process engineering have resulted in the industrial production of 4-androstene-3,17-dione (AD), androst-1,4-diene-3,17-dione (ADD), 9α-hydroxy-androsta-4-ene-3,17-dione (9α-OH-AD), and so on, which serve as the key intermediates for the synthesis of steroidal APIs. Recently, genetic and metabolic engineering have generated highly efficient microbial strains for the production of these precursors, leading to the replacement of sapogenins with phytosterols as the starting materials. Further advances in synthetic biology hold promise in the design and construction of microbial cell factories for the industrial production of steroidal intermediates and/or APIs from simple carbon sources such as glucose. Integration of biotransformation into the synthesis of steroidal APIs can greatly reduce the number of reaction steps, achieve lower waste discharge and higher production efficiency, thus enabling a greener steroidal pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Feng
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
| | - Yanhe Ma
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China
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27
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Zhang H, Zhu L, Feng J, Liu X, Chen X, Wu Q, Zhu D. Directed evolution of an alcohol dehydrogenase for the desymmetric reduction of 2,2-disubstituted cyclopenta-1,3-diones by enzymatic hydrogen transfer. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00559j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Directed evolution of carbonyl reductase TbADH created mutant Tb2 with balanced activity toward ethyl secodione and isopropanol, enabling the desymmetric reduction of ethyl secodione to give (13R,17S)-ethyl secol with 94% yield, >99% ee and >99% de.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliu Zhang
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Liangyan Zhu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049 P.R. China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049 P.R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Enzymes and National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin 300308, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19(A) Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049 P.R. China
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28
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Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM, Yus M. Enantioselective desymmetrization reactions in asymmetric catalysis. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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29
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Highly efficient synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant chiral 3-N-substituted-azacyclic alcohols using two enantiocomplementary short chain dehydrogenases. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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Cui Y, Zhu L, Chen X, Feng J, Wu Q, Zhu D. Engineering a carbonyl reductase for the scalable preparation of (S)-3-Cyclopentyl-3-hydroxypropanenitrile, the key building block of ruxolitinib. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100589. [PMID: 34951083 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
( S )- 3-Cyclopentyl-3-hydroxypropanenitrile is the key precursor for the synthesis of ruxolitinib. The bioreduction of 3-cyclopentyl-3-ketopropanenitrile ( 1a ) offers an attractive method to access this important compound. A carbonyl reductase (PhADH) from Paraburkholderia hospita catalyzed the reduction of 1a giving the ( S )-alcohol ( 1b ) with 85% ee. Rational engineering of PhADH resulted in a double mutant H93C/A139L, which enhanced the enantioselectivity from 85% to >98%, as well as a 6.3-fold improvement in the specific activity. The bioreduction of 1a was performed at 200 g/L (1.5 M) substrate concentration, leading to isolation of ( S )- 1b in 91% yield. Similarly, using this mutant enzyme 3-cyclohexyl-3-ketopropanenitrile ( 2a) and 3-phenyl-3-ketopropanenitrile ( 3a ) were reduced at high concentration affording the corresponding alcohols in >99% ee, and 90% and 92% yield, respectively. The results showed that the variant H93C/A139L was a powerful biocatalyst for reduction of β-substituted-β-ketonitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Cui
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biocatalysis, CHINA
| | - Liangyan Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biocatalysis, CHINA
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biotechnology, 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308, China, 300308, Tianjin, CHINA
| | - Jinhui Feng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biocatalysis, CHINA
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biocatalysis, CHINA
| | - Dunming Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biocatalysis, CHINA
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31
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Simić S, Zukić E, Schmermund L, Faber K, Winkler CK, Kroutil W. Shortening Synthetic Routes to Small Molecule Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Employing Biocatalytic Methods. Chem Rev 2021; 122:1052-1126. [PMID: 34846124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis, using enzymes for organic synthesis, has emerged as powerful tool for the synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The first industrial biocatalytic processes launched in the first half of the last century exploited whole-cell microorganisms where the specific enzyme at work was not known. In the meantime, novel molecular biology methods, such as efficient gene sequencing and synthesis, triggered breakthroughs in directed evolution for the rapid development of process-stable enzymes with broad substrate scope and good selectivities tailored for specific substrates. To date, enzymes are employed to enable shorter, more efficient, and more sustainable alternative routes toward (established) small molecule APIs, and are additionally used to perform standard reactions in API synthesis more efficiently. Herein, large-scale synthetic routes containing biocatalytic key steps toward >130 APIs of approved drugs and drug candidates are compared with the corresponding chemical protocols (if available) regarding the steps, reaction conditions, and scale. The review is structured according to the functional group formed in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Simić
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Erna Zukić
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Luca Schmermund
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Faber
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph K Winkler
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Kroutil
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Field of Excellence BioHealth─University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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32
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Wang G, Zhang M, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Hong X, Wei C, Zheng P, Wei D, Fu Z, Chi YR, Huang W. Desymmetrization of Cyclic 1,3-Diketones under N-Heterocyclic Carbene Organocatalysis: Access to Organofluorines with Multiple Stereogenic Centers. RESEARCH 2021; 2021:9867915. [PMID: 34549186 PMCID: PMC8422277 DOI: 10.34133/2021/9867915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Symmetric 1,3-diketones with fluorine or fluorinated substituents on the prochiral carbon remain to be established. Herein, we have developed a novel prochiral fluorinated oxindanyl 1,3-diketone and successfully applied these substrates in carbene-catalyzed asymmetric desymmetrization. Accordingly, a versatile strategy for asymmetric generation of organofluorines with fluorine or fluorinated methyl groups has been developed. Multiple stereogenic centers were selectively constructed with satisfactory outcomes. Structurally diverse enantioenriched organofluorines were generated with excellent results in terms of yields, diastereoselectivities, and enantioselectivities. Notably, exchanging fluorinated methyl groups to fluorine for this prochiral 1,3-diketones leads to switchable stereoselectivity. Mechanistic aspects and origin of stereoselectivity were studied by DFT calculations. Notably, some of the prepared organofluorines demonstrated competitive antibacterial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Yezhi Guan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xianfang Hong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Chenlong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Pengcheng Zheng
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Green Catalysis Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Zhenqian Fu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yonggui Robin Chi
- Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.,Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore 637371
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China.,Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an 710072, China
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33
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Cheng F, Zhai QY, Gao XF, Liu HT, Qiu S, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Tuning enzymatic properties by protein engineering toward catalytic tetrad of carbonyl reductase. Biotechnol Bioeng 2021; 118:4643-4654. [PMID: 34436762 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Enzyme engineering toward catalytic-tetrad residues usually results in activity loss. Unexpectedly, we found that a directed evolution campaign yielded a beneficial residue A100 in KmCR (a carbonyl reductase from Kluyveromyces marxianus ZJB14056), which is a residue of catalytic tetrad and conserved according to multiple sequence alignment. Inspired by this finding, we performed saturation mutagenesis on all the four residues of catalytic tetrad of KmCR. A number of variants with improved enzymatic activities were obtained. Among them, the variant KmCR_A100S exhibited increased catalytic efficiency (kcat /KM = 47.3 s-1 ·mM-1 ), improved stereoselectivity (from moderate selectivity (deP = 66.7%) to strict (S)-selectivity (deP > 99.5%)), and extended substrate scope, compared to those of KmCR_WT. In silico analysis showed that a relay system was rebuilt in KmCR via the beneficial residue S100. Furthermore, comparison of 11 protein engineering campaigns indicated that the beneficial position is easily overlooked due to the long distance (>10 Å) from ketone substrates. Since CRs share similar catalytic mechanism, the knowledge gained from this study has universal significance to CR engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Yao Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Fan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.,The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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34
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Zhang YQ, Feng TT, Cao YF, Zhang XY, Wang T, Huanca Nina MR, Wang LC, Yu HL, Xu JH, Ge J, Bai YP. Confining Enzyme Clusters in Bacteriophage P22 Enhances Cofactor Recycling and Stereoselectivity for Chiral Alcohol Synthesis. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c02221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tao-Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yu-Fei Cao
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Mario Roque Huanca Nina
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Li-Cheng Wang
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui-Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jian-He Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Key Lab for Industrial Biocatalysis, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Institute of Biomedical Health Technology and Engineering, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yun-Peng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomanufacturing, East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST), 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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35
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Hall M. Enzymatic strategies for asymmetric synthesis. RSC Chem Biol 2021; 2:958-989. [PMID: 34458820 PMCID: PMC8341948 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00080b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes, at the turn of the 21st century, are gaining a momentum. Especially in the field of synthetic organic chemistry, a broad variety of biocatalysts are being applied in an increasing number of processes running at up to industrial scale. In addition to the advantages of employing enzymes under environmentally friendly reaction conditions, synthetic chemists are recognizing the value of enzymes connected to the exquisite selectivity of these natural (or engineered) catalysts. The use of hydrolases in enantioselective protocols paved the way to the application of enzymes in asymmetric synthesis, in particular in the context of biocatalytic (dynamic) kinetic resolutions. After two decades of impressive development, the field is now mature to propose a panel of catalytically diverse enzymes for (i) stereoselective reactions with prochiral compounds, such as double bond reduction and bond forming reactions, (ii) formal enantioselective replacement of one of two enantiotopic groups of prochiral substrates, as well as (iii) atroposelective reactions with noncentrally chiral compounds. In this review, the major enzymatic strategies broadly applicable in the asymmetric synthesis of optically pure chiral compounds are presented, with a focus on the reactions developed within the past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hall
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 28 8010 Graz Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth - University of Graz Austria
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36
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Zhu L, Cui Y, Chen X, Zhang H, Feng J, Wu Q, Zhu D. Synthesis of single stereoisomers of 2,2-disubstituted 3-hydroxycyclohexane-1-ones via enzymatic desymmetric reduction of the 1,3-cyclohexanediones. GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gresc.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Mariz BDP, Carvalho S, Batalha IL, Pina AS. Artificial enzymes bringing together computational design and directed evolution. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1915-1925. [PMID: 33443278 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02143a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes are proteins that catalyse chemical reactions and, as such, have been widely used to facilitate a variety of natural and industrial processes, dating back to ancient times. In fact, the global enzymes market is projected to reach $10.5 billion in 2024. The development of computational and DNA editing tools boosted the creation of artificial enzymes (de novo enzymes) - synthetic or organic molecules created to present abiological catalytic functions. These novel catalysts seek to expand the catalytic power offered by nature through new functions and properties. In this manuscript, we discuss the advantages of combining computational design with directed evolution for the development of artificial enzymes and how this strategy allows to fill in the gaps that these methods present individually by providing key insights about the sequence-function relationship. We also review examples, and respective strategies, where this approach has enabled the creation of artificial enzymes with promising catalytic activity. Such key enabling technologies are opening new windows of opportunity in a variety of industries, including pharmaceutical, chemical, biofuels, and food, contributing towards a more sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz de Pina Mariz
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Sara Carvalho
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Iris L Batalha
- Nanoscience Centre, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, 11 J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0FF, UK
| | - Ana Sofia Pina
- UCIBIO, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Feng J, Wang M, Wu Q, Zhu D. Modulating the active site lid of an alcohol dehydrogenase from Ralstonia sp. enabled efficient stereospecific synthesis of 17β-hydroxysteroids. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 149:109837. [PMID: 34311882 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic stereospecific reduction of 17-oxosteroids offers an attractive approach to access 17β-hydroxysteroids of pharmaceutical importance. In this study, by adjusting the flexibility of α6-helix at the substrate entrance of the alcohol dehydrogenase from Ralstonia sp. (RasADH), the catalytic activity toward the stereospecific 17β-reduction of androstenedione was improved without sacrifice of the enantioselectivity. Among the mutants, F205I and F205A exhibited up to 623- and 523-fold improvement in catalytic efficiency, respectively, towards a range of different 17-oxosteroids compared to the wild-type enzyme. The corresponding 17β-hydroxysteroids were prepared in optically pure form with high space-time productivity and isolated yields using F205I as the biocatalyst, indicating that these mutants are promising biocatalysts for this useful transformation. These results suggest that modulating the flexibility of the active site lid offers an effective approach to engineer alcohol dehydrogenase for accommodating bulky steroidal substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Yu Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xi Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Min Wang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology, Ministry of Education, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Technology Innovation Center for Synthetic Biology, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Tan X, Zhang S, Song W, Liu J, Gao C, Chen X, Liu L, Wu J. A multi-enzyme cascade for efficient production of D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine from L-tyrosine. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:41. [PMID: 38650231 PMCID: PMC10991500 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00394-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a four-enzyme cascade pathway was developed and reconstructed in vivo for the production of D-p-hydroxyphenylglycine (D-HPG), a valuable intermediate used to produce β-lactam antibiotics and in fine-chemical synthesis, from L-tyrosine. In this pathway, catalytic conversion of the intermediate 4-hydroxyphenylglyoxalate by meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenase from Corynebacterium glutamicum (CgDAPDH) was identified as the rate-limiting step, followed by application of a mechanism-guided "conformation rotation" strategy to decrease the hydride-transfer distance d(C6HDAP-C4NNADP) and increase CgDAPDH activity. Introduction of the best variant generated by protein engineering (CgDAPDHBC621/D120S/W144S/I169P with 5.32 ± 0.85 U·mg-1 specific activity) into the designed pathway resulted in a D-HPG titer of 42.69 g/L from 50-g/L L-tyrosine in 24 h, with 92.5% conversion, 71.5% isolated yield, and > 99% enantiomeric excess in a 3-L fermenter. This four-enzyme cascade provides an efficient enzymatic approach for the industrial production of D-HPG from cheap amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Tianrui Chemical Co., Ltd, Quzhou, 324400, China
| | - Wei Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Cong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiulai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Liming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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40
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Li Z, Yang H, Liu J, Huang Z, Chen F. Application of Ketoreductase in Asymmetric Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals and Bioactive Molecules: An Update (2018-2020). CHEM REC 2021; 21:1611-1630. [PMID: 33835705 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of genomic DNA sequencing, recombinant DNA expression, and protein engineering, biocatalysis has been increasingly and widely adopted in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, bioactive molecules, fine chemicals, and agrochemicals. In this review, we have summarized the most recent advances achieved (2018-2020) in the research area of ketoreductase (KRED)-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral secondary alcohol intermediates to pharmaceuticals and bioactive molecules. In the first part, synthesis of chiral alcohols with one stereocenter through the bioreduction of four different ketone classes, namely acyclic aliphatic ketones, benzyl or phenylethyl ketones, cyclic aliphatic ketones, and aryl ketones, is discussed. In the second part, KRED-catalyzed dynamic reductive kinetic resolution and reductive desymmetrization are presented for the synthesis of chiral alcohols with two contiguous stereocenters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhining Li
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Haidi Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Zedu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Fener Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Fudan University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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41
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Yang B, Dai J, Luo Y, Lau KK, Lan Y, Shao Z, Zhao Y. Desymmetrization of 1,3-Diones by Catalytic Enantioselective Condensation with Hydrazine. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:4179-4186. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Binmiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Yixin Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Kai Kiat Lau
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 117543
| | - Yu Lan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, No. 2 North Cuihu Road, 650091 Kunming, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, Republic of Singapore, 117543
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42
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Yu S, Li J, Yao P, Feng J, Cui Y, Li J, Liu X, Wu Q, Lin J, Zhu D. Inverting the Enantiopreference of Nitrilase‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Hydrolysis of Prochiral Dinitriles by Reshaping the Binding Pocket with a Mirror‐Image Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jianjiong Li
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jianping Lin
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
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43
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Cheng F, Chen Y, Qiu S, Zhai QY, Liu HT, Li SF, Weng CY, Wang YJ, Zheng YG. Controlling Stereopreferences of Carbonyl Reductases for Enantioselective Synthesis of Atorvastatin Precursor. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yao Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Yue Weng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Guo Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Synthesis of Zhejiang Province, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Bioconversion and Biopurification of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P. R. China
- The National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Biomanufacturing of Chiral Chemicals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P. R. China
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Li D, Lou Y, Xu J, Chen X, Lin X, Wu Q. Electronic Effect‐Guided Rational Design of
Candida antarctica
Lipase B for Kinetic Resolution Towards Diarylmethanols. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan‐Yang Li
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Yu‐Jiao Lou
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao‐Yang Chen
- College of Biological, Chemical Science and Engineering Jiaxing University 118 Jiahang Road Jiaxing 314001 People's Republic of China
| | - Xian‐Fu Lin
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 People's Republic of China
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45
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Rabuffetti M, Cannazza P, Contente ML, Pinto A, Romano D, Hoyos P, Alcantara AR, Eberini I, Laurenzi T, Gourlay L, Di Pisa F, Molinari F. Structural insights into the desymmetrization of bulky 1,2-dicarbonyls through enzymatic monoreduction. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104644. [PMID: 33486371 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Benzil reductases are dehydrogenases preferentially active on aromatic 1,2-diketones, but the reasons for this peculiar substrate recognition have not yet been clarified. The benzil reductase (KRED1-Pglu) from the non-conventional yeast Pichia glucozyma showed excellent activity and stereoselectivity in the monoreduction of space-demanding aromatic 1,2-dicarbonyls, making this enzyme attractive as biocatalyst in organic chemistry. Structural insights into the stereoselective monoreduction of 1,2-diketones catalyzed by KRED1-Pglu were investigated starting from its 1.77 Å resolution crystal structure, followed by QM and classical calculations; this study allowed for the identification and characterization of the KRED1-Pglu reactive site. Once identified the recognition elements involved in the stereoselective desymmetrization of bulky 1,2-dicarbonyls mediated by KRED1-Pglu, a mechanism was proposed together with an in silico prediction of substrates reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Rabuffetti
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Cannazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Letizia Contente
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Pilar Hoyos
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences (QUICIFARM), Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andres R Alcantara
- Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences (QUICIFARM), Pharmacy Faculty, Complutense University, Plaza de Ramon y Cajal, s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Laurenzi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences (DiSFeB), University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Louise Gourlay
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Flavio Di Pisa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Molinari
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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46
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Zhang DP, Jing XR, Wu LJ, Fan AW, Nie Y, Xu Y. Highly selective synthesis of D-amino acids via stereoinversion of corresponding counterpart by an in vivo cascade cell factory. Microb Cell Fact 2021; 20:11. [PMID: 33422055 PMCID: PMC7797136 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND D-Amino acids are increasingly used as building blocks to produce pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. However, establishing a universal biocatalyst for the general synthesis of D-amino acids from cheap and readily available precursors with few by-products is challenging. In this study, we developed an efficient in vivo biocatalysis system for the synthesis of D-amino acids from L-amino acids by the co-expression of membrane-associated L-amino acid deaminase obtained from Proteus mirabilis (LAAD), meso-diaminopimelate dehydrogenases obtained from Symbiobacterium thermophilum (DAPDH), and formate dehydrogenase obtained from Burkholderia stabilis (FDH), in recombinant Escherichia coli. RESULTS To generate the in vivo cascade system, three strategies were evaluated to regulate enzyme expression levels, including single-plasmid co-expression, double-plasmid co-expression, and double-plasmid MBP-fused co-expression. The double-plasmid MBP-fused co-expression strain Escherichia coli pET-21b-MBP-laad/pET-28a-dapdh-fdh, exhibiting high catalytic efficiency, was selected. Under optimal conditions, 75 mg/mL of E. coli pET-21b-MBP-laad/pET-28a-dapdh-fdh whole-cell biocatalyst asymmetrically catalyzed the stereoinversion of 150 mM L-Phe to D-Phe, with quantitative yields of over 99% ee in 24 h, by the addition of 15 mM NADP+ and 300 mM ammonium formate. In addition, the whole-cell biocatalyst was used to successfully stereoinvert a variety of aromatic and aliphatic L-amino acids to their corresponding D-amino acids. CONCLUSIONS The newly constructed in vivo cascade biocatalysis system was effective for the highly selective synthesis of D-amino acids via stereoinversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ping Zhang
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Jing
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Lun-Jie Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - An-Wen Fan
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yao Nie
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- Suqian Industrial Technology Research Institute of Jiangnan University, Suqian, 223814, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Key laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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47
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Wu S, Snajdrova R, Moore JC, Baldenius K, Bornscheuer UT. Biocatalysis: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:88-119. [PMID: 32558088 PMCID: PMC7818486 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 522] [Impact Index Per Article: 174.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biocatalysis has found numerous applications in various fields as an alternative to chemical catalysis. The use of enzymes in organic synthesis, especially to make chiral compounds for pharmaceuticals as well for the flavors and fragrance industry, are the most prominent examples. In addition, biocatalysts are used on a large scale to make specialty and even bulk chemicals. This review intends to give illustrative examples in this field with a special focus on scalable chemical production using enzymes. It also discusses the opportunities and limitations of enzymatic syntheses using distinct examples and provides an outlook on emerging enzyme classes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuke Wu
- Institute of BiochemistryDept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme CatalysisGreifswald UniversityFelix-Hausdorff-Strasse 417487GreifswaldGermany
| | - Radka Snajdrova
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical ResearchGlobal Discovery Chemistry4056BaselSwitzerland
| | - Jeffrey C. Moore
- Process Research and DevelopmentMerck & Co., Inc.126 E. Lincoln AveRahwayNJ07065USA
| | - Kai Baldenius
- Baldenius Biotech ConsultingHafenstr. 3168159MannheimGermany
| | - Uwe T. Bornscheuer
- Institute of BiochemistryDept. of Biotechnology & Enzyme CatalysisGreifswald UniversityFelix-Hausdorff-Strasse 417487GreifswaldGermany
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48
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Qin L, Wu L, Nie Y, Xu Y. Biosynthesis of chiral cyclic and heterocyclic alcohols via CO/C–H/C–O asymmetric reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy00113b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the recent progress in various biological approaches applied to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure cyclic and heterocyclic alcohols through CO/C–H/C–O asymmetric reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Lunjie Wu
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
| | - Yao Nie
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology at Jiangnan University
| | - Yan Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education
- Jiangnan University
- Wuxi 214122
- China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Brewing Microbiology and Applied Enzymology at Jiangnan University
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49
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Yu S, Li J, Yao P, Feng J, Cui Y, Li J, Liu X, Wu Q, Lin J, Zhu D. Inverting the Enantiopreference of Nitrilase‐Catalyzed Desymmetric Hydrolysis of Prochiral Dinitriles by Reshaping the Binding Pocket with a Mirror‐Image Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 60:3679-3684. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Yu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Peiyuan Yao
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Feng
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Cui
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jianjiong Li
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Qiaqing Wu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Jianping Lin
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
| | - Dunming Zhu
- National Technology Innovation Center of Synthetic Biology National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Enzymes and Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Biocatalytic Technology Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences 32 Xi Qi Dao, Tianjin Airport Economic Area Tianjin 300308 P. R. China
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50
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Biocatalytic reductive desymmetrization of prochiral 1,3-diketone and its application to microbial hormone synthesis. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2020.111217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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