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Ndejjo R, Chen N, Kabwama SN, Bamgboye EA, Bosonkie M, Bassoum O, Kiwanuka SN, Salawu MM, Egbende L, Sougou NM, Afolabi RF, Leye MMM, Bello S, Adebowale AS, Dairo MD, Seck I, Fawole OI, Mapatano MA, Tsai LL, Wanyenze RK. Sex and COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intention in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda. Front Glob Womens Health 2024; 5:1356609. [PMID: 38939751 PMCID: PMC11210425 DOI: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1356609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The introduction of vaccines marked a game changer in the fight against COVID-19. In sub-Saharan Africa, studies have documented the intention to vaccinate and the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. However, little is documented about how sex differences could have impacted COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted a multi-country cross-sectional study to assess the sex differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda. This study involved analysis of data from mobile surveys conducted between March and June 2022 among nationally constituted samples of adults in each country. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were run. The self-reported uptake of COVID-19 vaccines was not significantly different between males and females (p = 0.47), while the intention to vaccinate was significantly higher among males (p = 0.008). Among males, obtaining COVID-19 information from health workers, testing for COVID-19, and having high trust in the Ministry of Health were associated with higher vaccination uptake. Among females, having high trust in the government was associated with higher vaccination uptake. For intention to vaccinate, males who resided in semi-urban areas and females who resided in rural areas had significantly higher vaccination intention compared to their counterparts in urban areas. Other factors positively associated with vaccination intention among males were trust in the World Health Organization and perceived truthfulness of institutions, while males from households with a higher socio-economic index and those who had declined a vaccine before had a lower vaccine intention. Overall, the factors differentiating vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate among males and females were mostly related to trust in government institutions, perceived truthfulness of institutions, and respondent's residence. These factors are key in guiding the tailoring of interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in sub-Saharan Africa and similar contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rawlance Ndejjo
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Nuole Chen
- Department of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Steven N. Kabwama
- Department of Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Eniola A. Bamgboye
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Marc Bosonkie
- Department of Nutrition, Kinshasa School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Oumar Bassoum
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop, University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Suzanne N. Kiwanuka
- Department of Health Policy, Planning and Management, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mobolaji M. Salawu
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Landry Egbende
- Department of Nutrition, Kinshasa School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Ndeye Mareme Sougou
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop, University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Rotimi F. Afolabi
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mamadou Makhtar Mbacké Leye
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop, University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Segun Bello
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ayo S. Adebowale
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Magbagbeola D. Dairo
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahima Seck
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontology, Cheikh Anta Diop, University, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Olufunmilayo I. Fawole
- Department of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Public Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Mala Ali Mapatano
- Department of Nutrition, Kinshasa School of Public Health, School of Medicine, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Lily L. Tsai
- Department of Political Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Rhoda K. Wanyenze
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Maraqa B, Nazzal Z, Baroud H, Douden M, El Hamshary Y, Jalamneh T. Healthcare workers' attitudes toward and factors influencing their acceptance of an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine: a cross-sectional study in Palestine. BMC Health Serv Res 2024; 24:624. [PMID: 38745215 PMCID: PMC11092075 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-024-11016-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of several SARS-CoV-2 variants may necessitate an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine. This study aimed to evaluate healthcare workers' (HCWs) acceptance of a COVID-19 yearly booster vaccine if recommended and its association with their attitudes and burnout levels. METHODS We used an online self-administered questionnaire to conduct a cross-sectional study of all HCWs in the West Bank and Gaza Strip of Palestine between August and September 2022. We used the Vaccination Attitudes Examination scale to assess HCWs' vaccination attitudes and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to assess work-related Burnout. In addition, we conducted logistic regression to identify factors independently associated with the acceptance of the booster vaccine. RESULTS The study included 919 HCWs; 52.4% were male, 46.5% were physicians, 30.0% were nurses, and 63.1% worked in hospitals. One-third of HCWs (95% CI: 30.5%-36.7%) said they would accept an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine if recommended. HCWs who are suspicious of vaccine benefits [aOR = .70; 95%CI: .65-.75] and those concerned about unforeseeable future effects [aOR = .90; 95%CI: .84-.95] are less likely to accept the booster vaccine if recommended, whereas those who receive annual influenza vaccine are more likely to get it [aOR = 2.9; 95%CI: 1.7-5.0]. CONCLUSION Only about a third of HCWs would agree to receive an annual COVID-19 booster vaccine if recommended. Mistrust of the vaccine's efficacy and concerns about side effects continue to drive COVID-19 vaccine reluctance. Health officials need to address HCWs' concerns to increase their acceptance of the annual vaccine if it is to be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beesan Maraqa
- Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine
- Community and Family medicine department, College of Medicine, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Zaher Nazzal
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Hassan Baroud
- Department of Family Medicine, Palestinian Medical Council, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Mahmoud Douden
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Yousef El Hamshary
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
- Department of Internal Medicine, An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Tala Jalamneh
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Rahbeni TA, Satapathy P, Itumalla R, Marzo RR, Mugheed KAL, Khatib MN, Gaidhane S, Zahiruddin QS, Rabaan AA, Alrasheed HA, Al-Subaie MF, Al Kaabil NA, Alissa M, Ibrahim AAAL, Alsaif HA, Naser IH, Rustagi S, Kukreti N, Dziedzic A. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e54769. [PMID: 38687992 PMCID: PMC11062401 DOI: 10.2196/54769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unprecedented emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the development and global distribution of vaccines, making the understanding of global vaccine acceptance and hesitancy crucial to overcoming barriers to vaccination and achieving widespread immunization. OBJECTIVE This umbrella review synthesizes findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses to provide insights into global perceptions on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy across diverse populations and regions. METHODS We conducted a literature search across major databases to identify systematic reviews and meta-analysis that reported COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy. The AMSTAR-2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) criteria were used to assess the methodological quality of included systematic reviews. Meta-analysis was performed using STATA 17 with a random effect model. The data synthesis is presented in a table format and via a narrative. RESULTS Our inclusion criteria were met by 78 meta-analyses published between 2021 and 2023. Our analysis revealed a moderate vaccine acceptance rate of 63% (95% CI 0.60%-0.67%) in the general population, with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 97.59%). Higher acceptance rates were observed among health care workers and individuals with chronic diseases, at 64% (95% CI 0.57%-0.71%) and 69% (95% CI 0.61%-0.76%), respectively. However, lower acceptance was noted among pregnant women, at 48% (95% CI 0.42%-0.53%), and parents consenting for their children, at 61.29% (95% CI 0.56%-0.67%). The pooled vaccine hesitancy rate was 32% (95% CI 0.25%-0.39%) in the general population. The quality assessment revealed 19 high-quality, 38 moderate-quality, 15 low-quality, and 6 critically low-quality meta-analyses. CONCLUSIONS This review revealed the presence of vaccine hesitancy globally, emphasizing the necessity for population-specific, culturally sensitive interventions and clear, credible information dissemination to foster vaccine acceptance. The observed disparities accentuate the need for continuous research to understand evolving vaccine perceptions and to address the unique concerns and needs of diverse populations, thereby aiding in the formulation of effective and inclusive vaccination strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42023468363; https://tinyurl.com/2p9kv9cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahani Al Rahbeni
- Molecular Toxicology and Genetics, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prakasini Satapathy
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | | | - Roy Rillera Marzo
- Faculty of Humanities and Health Sciences, Curtin University, Miri Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Khalid A L Mugheed
- Molecular Toxicology and Genetics, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib
- Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Shilpa Gaidhane
- One Health Centre (COHERD), Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
- South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network, Division of Evidence Synthesis, School of Epidemiology and Public Health and Research, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, India
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Hayam A Alrasheed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center, Dr Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A Al Kaabil
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Israa Habeeb Naser
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, AL-Mustaqbal University, Babil, Iraq
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, India
| | - Arkadiusz Dziedzic
- Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Zhou X, Zhang X, Larson HJ, de Figueiredo A, Jit M, Fodeh S, Vermund SH, Zang S, Lin L, Hou Z. Spatiotemporal trends in COVID-19 vaccine sentiments on a social media platform and correlations with reported vaccine coverage. Bull World Health Organ 2024; 102:32-45. [PMID: 38164328 PMCID: PMC10753281 DOI: 10.2471/blt.23.289682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess spatiotemporal trends in, and determinants of, the acceptance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination globally, as expressed on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter). Methods We collected over 13 million posts on the platform regarding COVID-19 vaccination made between November 2020 and March 2022 in 90 languages. Multilingual deep learning XLM-RoBERTa models annotated all posts using an annotation framework after being fine-tuned on 8125 manually annotated, English-language posts. The annotation results were used to assess spatiotemporal trends in COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and confidence as expressed by platform users in 135 countries and territories. We identified associations between spatiotemporal trends in vaccine acceptance and country-level characteristics and public policies by using univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Findings A greater proportion of platform users in the World Health Organization's South-East Asia, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific Regions expressed vaccine acceptance than users in the rest of the world. Countries in which a greater proportion of platform users expressed vaccine acceptance had higher COVID-19 vaccine coverage rates. Trust in government was also associated with greater vaccine acceptance. Internationally, vaccine acceptance and confidence declined among platform users as: (i) vaccination eligibility was extended to adolescents; (ii) vaccine supplies became sufficient; (iii) nonpharmaceutical interventions were relaxed; and (iv) global reports on adverse events following vaccination appeared. Conclusion Social media listening could provide an effective and expeditious means of informing public health policies during pandemics, and could supplement existing public health surveillance approaches in addressing global health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Zhou
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, and Global Health Institute, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, and Global Health Institute, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Heidi J Larson
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Alexandre de Figueiredo
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Mark Jit
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Samah Fodeh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States of America (USA)
| | - Sten H Vermund
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, USA
| | - Shujie Zang
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, and Global Health Institute, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Leesa Lin
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England
| | - Zhiyuan Hou
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, and Global Health Institute, Fudan University, 130 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Sulaiman SK, Musa MS, Tsiga-Ahmed FI, Sulaiman AK, Bako AT. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the global prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake in people living with HIV. Nat Hum Behav 2024; 8:100-114. [PMID: 37904021 PMCID: PMC10810755 DOI: 10.1038/s41562-023-01733-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at higher risk of poor outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we report the pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance/uptake and determinants among this vulnerable population of PLHIV based on a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published by 25 August 2023. Among the 54 included studies (N = 167,485 participants), 53 (N = 166,455) provided data on vaccine acceptance rate, while 27 (N = 150,926) provided uptake data. The global prevalences of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and uptake were 67.0% and 56.6%, respectively. Acceptance and uptake rates were 86.6% and 90.1% for the European Region, 74.9% and 71.6% for the Region of the Americas, 62.3% and 78.9% for the South-East Asian Region, 64.6% and 19.3% for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 58.0% and 35.5% for the African Region, and 57.4% and 44.0% for the Western Pacific Region. The acceptance rate increased from 65.9% in 2020 to 71.0% in 2022, and the uptake rate increased from 55.9% in 2021 to 58.1% in 2022. Men, PLHIV aged ≥40 years and those who had recently received the influenza vaccine were more likely to accept and receive the COVID-19 vaccine. Factors associated with lower uptake included Black race, other races (Latinx/Hispanic/mixed race), low education level and being unemployed. Vaccine-related factors associated with higher acceptance included belief in vaccine effectiveness, vaccine trust, perceived high susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and fear of potential COVID-19 effect in PLHIV. Sustained efforts and targeted interventions are needed to reduce regional disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among PLHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Sale Musa
- Department of Medicine, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | | | - Abdulwahab Kabir Sulaiman
- Department of Medicine, Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
- Kwanar Dawaki COVID-19 Isolation Center, Kano, Nigeria
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Dinga JN, Kabakama S, Njimoh DL, Chia JE, Morhason-Bello I, Lumu I. Quantitative Synthesis of Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Vaccine Hesitancy in 185 Countries. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 12:34. [PMID: 38250847 PMCID: PMC10818751 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mass vaccination against COVID-19 is the best method to ensure herd immunity in order to curb the effect of the pandemic on the global economy. It is therefore important to assess the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy on a global scale. Factors were recorded from cross-sectional studies analyzed with t-Test, ANOVA, correlation, and meta-regression analyses and synthesized to identify global trends in order to inform policy. We registered the protocol (ID: CRD42022350418) and used standard Cochrane methods and PRISMA guidelines to collect and synthesize cross-sectional articles published between January 2020 and August 2023. A total of 67 articles with 576 studies from 185 countries involving 3081,766 participants were included in this synthesis. Global COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 65.27% (95% CI; 62.72-67.84%), while global vaccine hesitancy stood at 32.1% (95% CI; 29.05-35.17%). One-Way ANOVA showed that there was no significant difference in the percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement across the World Bank income levels (p < 0.187). There was a significant difference of vaccine acceptance (p < 0.001) and vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.005) across the different World Bank Income levels. World Bank income level had a strong influence on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (p < 0.0004) and hesitancy (p < 0.003) but percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement did not. There was no correlation between percentage Gross Domestic Product spent on vaccine procurement and COVID-19 vaccine acceptance (r = -0.11, p < 0.164) or vaccine hesitancy (r = -0.09, p < 0.234). Meta-regression analysis showed that living in an urban setting (OR = 4.83, 95% CI; 0.67-212.8), rural setting (OR = 2.53, 95% CI; 0.29-119.33), older (OR = 1.98, 95% CI; 0.99-4.07), higher education (OR = 1.76, 95% CI; 0.85-3.81), and being a low income earner (OR = 2.85, 95% CI; 0.45-30.63) increased the odds of high COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. Factors that increased the odds of high COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy were no influenza vaccine (OR = 33.06, 95% CI; 5.03-1395.01), mistrust for vaccines (OR = 3.91, 95% CI; 1.92-8.24), complacency (OR = 2.86, 95% CI; 1.02-8.83), pregnancy (OR = 2.3, 95% CI; 0.12-141.76), taking traditional herbs (OR = 2.15, 95% CI; 0.52-10.42), being female (OR = 1.53, 95% CI; 0.78-3.01), and safety concerns (OR = 1.29, 95% CI; 0.67-2.51). We proposed a number of recommendations to increase vaccine acceptance and ensure global herd immunity against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Nyhalah Dinga
- Michael Gahnyam Gbeugvat Foundation, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon
- Biotechnology Unit, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon
| | - Severin Kabakama
- Humanitarian and Public Health Consultant, Mwanza P.O. Box 511, Tanzania
| | - Dieudonne Lemuh Njimoh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Buea, Buea P.O. Box 63, Cameroon
| | - Julius Ebua Chia
- World Health Organization-Regional Office for Africa, Brazaville P.O. Box 06, Congo
| | | | - Ivan Lumu
- Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala P.O. Box 7072, Uganda
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Alzamil Y, Almeshari M, Alyahyawi A, Abanomy A, Al-Thomali AW, Alshomar B, Althomali OW, Barnawi H, Bazaid AS, Bin Sheeha B. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of the Saudi population toward COVID-19 vaccination: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35360. [PMID: 37832045 PMCID: PMC10578756 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination is the most effective protective measure to control the spread of infections and provide protection against hospitalization and mortality during the pandemic. There was a necessity to measure public knowledge and acceptance for COVID-19 vaccines in different countries. Thus, the current study is aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the population in all regions of Saudi towards COVID-19 vaccination. This was a cross-sectional, online self-reported survey of Saudi residents that was conducted between March 2021 and April 2021. To be eligible for the study, participants had to be above 18 years old. All participants were adult, Arabic speakers and residents of Saudi Arabia. In total, 1658 adults participated in this study and showed high knowledge (81.8%), attitude (71.2%), and practice (59.3%). The level of knowledge, attitude, and practice differed based on different demographic characteristics. Regression analysis showed that having a low income, low education level, and middle-aged status, living in a village, and being married were associated with lower scores in knowledge, attitude, or practice. Targeted education and campaigns should be provided for these populations to increase their knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser Alzamil
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshari Almeshari
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amjad Alyahyawi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
- Centre for Nuclear and Radiation Physics, Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Ahmad Abanomy
- Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma W. Al-Thomali
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alshomar
- Department of Health Informatics, College Public Health and Health Informatics, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omar W. Althomali
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba Barnawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman S. Bazaid
- Department of Medical Laboratory science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’IL, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodor Bin Sheeha
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Mudenda S, Meyer JC, Fadare JO, Ogunleye OO, Saleem Z, Matafwali SK, Daka V, Chabalenge B, Chama J, Mukosha M, Skosana P, Witika BA, Kalungia AC, Hamachila A, Mufwambi W, Godman B. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and associated factors among adolescents and youths: Findings and implications for future vaccination programmes. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0002385. [PMID: 37729153 PMCID: PMC10511127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents and youths are a key part of the population that needs to be protected against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This is because they are more likely to spread the virus to vulnerable individuals. In view of these concerns, this study investigated the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines and associated factors among adolescents and youths attending secondary schools in Zambia. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1500 school-going adolescents in Lusaka from September 2022 to November 2022. Overall, 1409 participants took part giving a response rate of 94%. Only 29.2% (n = 411) of the participants were vaccinated against COVID-19 at the time of the study. Compared to their unvaccinated counterparts, vaccinated adolescents and youths scored higher for knowledge (66.2% vs 57.8%) and attitudes (76.7% vs 39.4%) regarding COVID-19 vaccines. Healthcare workers, family/friends and social media were key sources of information regarding the vaccine. Factors associated with increased vaccine uptake were positive attitudes (AOR = 33.62, 95% CI: 19.92-56.73), indicating it was stressful to follow COVID-19 preventive measures (AOR = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.09-1.99), participants in Grade 12 (AOR = 3.39, 95% CI: 1.94-5.91), Grade 11 (AOR = 2.59, 95% CI: 1.94-5.91), Grade 10 (AOR = 3.48, 95% CI: 1.98-6.11) and Grade 9 (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.74-5.32) compared to Grade 8. This study found a relatively low uptake of COVID-19 vaccines among adolescents and youths in Zambia. There is a need to provide adequate strategies to address knowledge and attitude gaps regarding COVID-19 vaccines to improve uptake and reduce future morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steward Mudenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Johanna C. Meyer
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- South African Vaccination and Immunisation Centre, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Joseph O. Fadare
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka O. Ogunleye
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Zikria Saleem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Scott K. Matafwali
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene &Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Victor Daka
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola, Zambia
| | - Billy Chabalenge
- Department of Medicines Control, Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Jacob Chama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Moses Mukosha
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
- HIV and Women’s Health Research Group, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Phumzile Skosana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Aubrey C. Kalungia
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Audrey Hamachila
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Webrod Mufwambi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Brian Godman
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Lorini C, Del Riccio M, Zanobini P, Biasio RL, Bonanni P, Giorgetti D, Ferro VA, Guazzini A, Maghrebi O, Lastrucci V, Rigon L, Okan O, Sørensen K, Bonaccorsi G. Vaccination as a social practice: towards a definition of personal, community, population, and organizational vaccine literacy. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1501. [PMID: 37553624 PMCID: PMC10408168 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive and agreed-upon definition of vaccine literacy (VL) could support the understanding of vaccination and help policy-makers and individuals make informed decisions about vaccines. METHODS To shed some light on this debate and provide clarity, a scoping review was conducted to collect, summarize, and analyse available definitions of VL. Based on the findings of the scoping review, a new and comprehensive definition was proposed by a panel of experts. RESULTS Fifty-three articles were included, and two of them appeared to be the milestones around which the other definitions were grouped. The new definition proposed by the panel of experts included not only the personal perspective, but also the community, population, and organizational perspectives. Moreover, due to the increasing complexity of the social context with respect to the ability to navigate, understand, and use information and services, the definition of organizational vaccine literacy and the attributes of a vaccine literate healthcare organization have been proposed. CONCLUSION The new definition can contribute to the overall paradigm of health literacy and its distinct component of vaccine literacy, possibly improving the implementation of public health strategies to allow vaccination to be understood as a social practice by the entire community. This study describes the conceptual foundations, the competencies, and the civic orientation to be considered when developing measurement tools devoted to assessing VL at the different levels and in different contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Lorini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy.
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Marco Del Riccio
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizio Zanobini
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Duccio Giorgetti
- Medical School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Valerio Allodola Ferro
- Department of Law, Economics and Human Sciences, Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Via Dell'Università 25, 89124, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Andrea Guazzini
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy
| | - Olfa Maghrebi
- Department of Education, Literatures, Intercultural Studies, Languages and Psychology, University of Florence, Via Di San Salvi 12, 50135, Florence, Italy
| | - Vieri Lastrucci
- Epidemiology Unit, Meyer's Children University Hospital, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 24, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Lisa Rigon
- Medical School of Specialization in Hygiene and Preventive Medicine, University of Florence, Largo Giovanni Alessandro Brambilla 3, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Orkan Okan
- Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristine Sørensen
- Global Health Literacy Academy, Viengevej 100, 8240, Risskov, Denmark
| | - Guglielmo Bonaccorsi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Health Literacy Laboratory (HeLiLab), University of Florence, Viale Giovanni Battista Morgagni 48, 50134, Florence, Italy
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10
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Alakija A. Leveraging lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic to strengthen low-income and middle-income country preparedness for future global health threats. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 23:e310-e317. [PMID: 37290474 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00279-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Although the global COVID-19 pandemic response was quick to develop medical countermeasures, it failed to fully prevent morbidity and mortality in high-income countries and low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). As new variants and post-COVID-19 condition continue to emerge and affect health systems and economies, the full human and economic cost is yet to be felt. We should now learn from these shortcomings and implement more inclusive and equitable frameworks to prevent and respond to outbreaks. This Series offers specific learnings from COVID-19 vaccination campaigns and non-pharmaceutical interventions, highlighting the need for resilient, inclusive, and equitable health systems. Taking action to rebuild trust and invest in resilient local manufacturing capacity, supply chains, regulatory frameworks, and placing LMIC voices at the centre of decision making will help to ensure preparedness for future threats. It is time to move beyond mere talk of learning and implementing lessons and instead take action towards a more resilient future.
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11
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Wambua J, Loedy N, Jarvis CI, Wong KLM, Faes C, Grah R, Prasse B, Sandmann F, Niehus R, Johnson H, Edmunds W, Beutels P, Hens N, Coletti P. The influence of COVID-19 risk perception and vaccination status on the number of social contacts across Europe: insights from the CoMix study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1350. [PMID: 37442987 PMCID: PMC10347859 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16252-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics have been greatly modulated by human contact behaviour. To curb the spread of the virus, global efforts focused on implementing both Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) and pharmaceutical interventions such as vaccination. This study was conducted to explore the influence of COVID-19 vaccination status and risk perceptions related to SARS-CoV-2 on the number of social contacts of individuals in 16 European countries. METHODS We used data from longitudinal surveys conducted in the 16 European countries to measure social contact behaviour in the course of the pandemic. The data consisted of representative panels of participants in terms of gender, age and region of residence in each country. The surveys were conducted in several rounds between December 2020 and September 2021 and comprised of 29,292 participants providing a total of 111,103 completed surveys. We employed a multilevel generalized linear mixed effects model to explore the influence of risk perceptions and COVID-19 vaccination status on the number of social contacts of individuals. RESULTS The results indicated that perceived severity played a significant role in social contact behaviour during the pandemic after controlling for other variables (p-value < 0.001). More specifically, participants who had low or neutral levels of perceived severity reported 1.25 (95% Confidence intervals (CI) 1.13 - 1.37) and 1.10 (95% CI 1.00 - 1.21) times more contacts compared to those who perceived COVID-19 to be a serious illness, respectively. Additionally, vaccination status was also a significant predictor of contacts (p-value < 0.001), with vaccinated individuals reporting 1.31 (95% CI 1.23 - 1.39) times higher number of contacts than the non-vaccinated. Furthermore, individual-level factors played a more substantial role in influencing contact behaviour than country-level factors. CONCLUSION Our multi-country study yields significant insights on the importance of risk perceptions and vaccination in behavioral changes during a pandemic emergency. The apparent increase in social contact behaviour following vaccination would require urgent intervention in the event of emergence of an immune escaping variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Wambua
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Neilshan Loedy
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Christopher I. Jarvis
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT London, UK
| | - Kerry L. M. Wong
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT London, UK
| | - Christel Faes
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Rok Grah
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden
| | - Bastian Prasse
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden
| | - Frank Sandmann
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rene Niehus
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden
| | - Helen Johnson
- European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Gustav III:s Boulevard 40, 169 73 Solna, Sweden
- Current Address: Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Authority (HERA), European Commission, 1049, Brussels, Belgium
| | - W.John Edmunds
- Centre for Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, WC1E 7HT London, UK
| | - Philippe Beutels
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- The University of New South Wales, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sydney, NSW 2033 Australia
| | - Niel Hens
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Modelling Infectious Diseases, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Pietro Coletti
- Data Science Institute, I-BioStat, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
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12
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Ejamo JY, Legese GL, Tesfaye YA, Liben FE. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Med Int Health 2023. [PMID: 37402693 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance among people living with HIV (PLHIV) worldwide. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PSYINFO, CINHAL, Scopus and EMBASE databases and other sources including free Google search and subject-specific journals from January 2020 to September 2021. The study population included adults (aged 18+ years) living with HIV and evaluated for COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate. Subgroup analyses were performed, and factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy underwent narrative analysis. Of 558 initial records, 14 studies were eligible for review. RESULTS The overall pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate among adult PLHIV was 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56%-69%). In subgroup analysis, the estimated pooled COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rate was higher in high-income countries: 63% (95% CI, 55%-70%) versus 62% (95% CI, 54%-71%) in low- and middle-income countries, and in studies conducted in 2022 (66% [95% CI, 58%-75%]) than in studies conducted in 2021 (57% [95% CI, 47%-68%]). Reasons for lower COVID-19 vaccine acceptance included higher monthly income, being non-homosexual, history of chronic disease, COVID-19-related medical mistrust, not knowing anyone who died of COVID-19, believing oneself to be immune to COVID-19, general vaccine refusal, negative attitude to the vaccine, concerns about efficacy, safety and side effects, distrust in common sources of vaccine-related information and using social media as a source of information on COVID-19. CONCLUSION Among PLHIV, acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine is generally low. A greater emphasis on collaborative efforts between all concerned bodies is needed to boost vaccine acceptance in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet Yohannes Ejamo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
| | - Gebrehiwot Lema Legese
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yeabsira Aklilu Tesfaye
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Fitsum Endale Liben
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wachemo University, Hossana, Ethiopia
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13
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Limbu YB, Gautam RK. The determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention: a meta-review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1162861. [PMID: 37377544 PMCID: PMC10291626 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1162861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A large number of systematic reviews have been published that synthesized various determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention (CVI). However, they reported inconsistent evidence. Therefore, we conducted a meta-review (systematic review of systematic reviews) to provide a comprehensive synthesis of factors influencing CVI. Methods This meta-review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CINAHL were searched for systematic reviews published from 2020 to 2022 that examined the determinants of CVI. AMSTAR-2 critical appraisal tool was used to ensure the quality of included reviews, and ROBIS tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias. Results Globally, the average rate of COVID-19 vaccination intention was 56.97%. We identified 21 main determinants of CVI: socio-demographic, geographical location, social, political, government role, study timeline, attitude, perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy and perceived behavioral control, norms, trust, conspiracy theory/propaganda/misinformation, knowledge, information and communication, vaccination recommendation, vaccination history, history of COVID-19 infection, and health status and well-being. Conclusions These results suggest that COVID-19 vaccination intention is a complex process and is affected by numerous multidimensional factors. Therefore, integrated communication strategies and multifaceted interventions may be effective for improving vaccination intention against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam B. Limbu
- Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, United States
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14
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Hajissa K, Mutiat HA, Kaabi NA, Alissa M, Garout M, Alenezy AA, Almaghrabi RH, Alrasheed HA, Al-Subaie MF, Alhani HM, Alshehri AA, Almazni IA, Alqahtani AS, Bahwerth FS, Alqethami NH, Alzayer AA, Rabaan AA. COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy among Migrants, Refugees, and Foreign Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1070. [PMID: 37376459 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11061070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the effectiveness of current vaccines in reducing the spread and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, many people, including migrants, refugees, and foreign workers, are hesitant to be vaccinated. This systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) was conducted to determine the pooled prevalence estimate of the acceptance and hesitancy rates of the COVID-19 vaccine among these populations. A comprehensive search of the peer-reviewed literature indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science databases was conducted. Initially, 797 potential records were identified, of which 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of proportions using data from 14 studies revealed that the overall acceptance rate of COVID vaccination among 29,152 subjects was 56.7% (95% CI: 44.9-68.5%), while the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy among 26,154 migrants reported in 12 studies was estimated to be 31.7% (95% CI: 44.9-68.5%). The acceptance rate for the COVID-19 vaccination first declined from 77.3% in 2020 to 52.9% in 2021 and then slightly increased to 56.1% in 2022. The most frequent factors influencing vaccine hesitancy were worries about vaccine efficacy and safety. Intensive vaccination campaigns should be implemented to raise vaccination awareness among migrants, which will increase the acceptance rate for the COVID-19 vaccine and result in herd immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Hajissa
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman 14415, Sudan
| | - Hammed-Akanmu Mutiat
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nawal Al Kaabi
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), Abu Dhabi 51900, United Arab Emirates
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Garout
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care for Pilgrims, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anood A Alenezy
- Laboratory Department, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- Collage of Medicine, Dar AlUloom University, Riyadh 13314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rana H Almaghrabi
- Pediatric Department, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh 12233, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam A Alrasheed
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Norah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Pharmacy Department, King Abdullah Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, Riyadh 13328, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M Alhani
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Infection Control, Maternity and Children Hospital, Dammam 31176, Saudi Arabia
- Preventive Medicine and Infection Prevention and Control Department, Directorate of Ministry of Health, Dammam 32245, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad A Alshehri
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdullah Almazni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali S Alqahtani
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61481, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Amal A Alzayer
- Nursing Department, Erhadah Psychiatric & Mental health, Dammam 31422, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, Dhahran 31311, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan
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15
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Ekpor E, Akyirem S. Global acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among persons with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2023; 201:110731. [PMID: 37236364 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2023.110731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM This review aimed to estimate the level of acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine among persons with diabetes. METHODS A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL to identify relevant studies for this review. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to generate an overall estimate of vaccine acceptance. The I2 statistic was used to quantify the degree of variation across studies, and subgroup analysis was conducted to identify the sources of heterogeneity. The review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). RESULTS This review included 18 studies involving 11,292 diabetes patients. The pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among persons with diabetes was 76.1% (95% CI: 66.7% - 83.5%). The pooled prevalence across the continent ranged from 68.9% (95% CI: 47.8% - 84.3%) in Asia to 82.1% (95% CI: 80.2% - 83.8%) in Europe. Barriers to vaccine acceptance included misinformation, lack of information, mistrust, health concerns, and external influences. CONCLUSION The barriers to vaccine acceptance identified in this review, could inform the formulation of health policies and public health interventions that are specifically tailored to address the needs of persons with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Ekpor
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana; Christian Health Association of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
| | - Samuel Akyirem
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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16
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Piché-Renaud PP, Karimi-Shahrbabak E, Abu Fadaleh S, Farrar D, Orkin J, Science M, Morris S. SARS-CoV-2 vaccine acceptance among caregivers of children younger than five years of age: A cross-sectional survey in Toronto. CANADA COMMUNICABLE DISEASE REPORT = RELEVE DES MALADIES TRANSMISSIBLES AU CANADA 2023; 49:127-132. [PMID: 38371854 PMCID: PMC10871738 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v49i04a05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Background Despite severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine approval in Canada for children six months to five years old, vaccine acceptance for this age group remains low compared with other age groups. This study aimed to assess vaccine acceptance among caregivers of children younger than five years old and to identify factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccine hesitancy in Toronto. Methods A multi-language self-administered survey was sent to caregivers of children attending 660 Toronto schools and two community health centres between April 5 to July 4, 2022. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, acceptance of routine childhood and influenza vaccines and current SARS-CoV-2 vaccine status for parents and older siblings were collected. Results A total of 253 caregivers of children younger than five years old answered the survey. Although 234 (94%) of the responding caregivers were fully vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 and more than 90% had their children older than five years receiving one dose of the vaccine, only 148 (59%) had intentions to vaccinate their child younger than five years old. Conclusion These findings highlight the importance of interventions to increase vaccine confidence among caregivers of children aged younger than five years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Philippe Piché-Renaud
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | | | - Sarah Abu Fadaleh
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
| | - Daniel Farrar
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
| | - Julia Orkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
| | - Michelle Science
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | - Shaun Morris
- Division of Infectious Diseases, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON
- Division of Clinical Public Health and Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, ON
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Skinner NA, Sanders K, Lopez E, Sotz Mux MS, Abascal Miguel L, Vosburg KB, Johnston J, Diamond-Smith N, Kraemer Diaz A. Barriers to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance to improve messages for vaccine uptake in indigenous populations in the central highlands of Guatemala: a participatory qualitative study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067210. [PMID: 36707110 PMCID: PMC9884572 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As of July 2022, a little over one-third of Guatemalans were fully vaccinated. While COVID-19 vaccination rates are not officially reported nationally by racial/ethnic groups, non-governmental organisations and reporters have observed that COVID-19 vaccination rates are especially low among high-risk Indigenous populations. We conducted one of the first studies on COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Indigenous populations in the Central Highlands of Guatemala, which aimed to better understand the barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake and how to improve vaccine promotional campaigns. METHODS In November 2021, we conducted eight focus group discussions (FGDs) with 42 Indigenous men and women and 16 in-depth interviews (IDIs) with community health workers, nurses and physicians in Chimaltenango and Sololá. Using a participatory design approach, our qualitative analysis used constant comparative methods to understand the inductive and deductive themes from the FGD and IDI transcripts. RESULTS We found three major overarching barriers to vaccination within the sampled population: (1) a lack of available easily understandable, linguistically appropriate and culturally sensitive COVID-19 vaccine information; (2) vaccine access and supply issues that prevented people from being vaccinated efficiently and quickly; and (3) widespread misinformation and disinformation that prey on people's fears of the unknown and mistrust of the medical establishment and government. CONCLUSION When developing COVID-19 vaccine messages, content should be culturally relevant, appropriate for low-literacy populations and in the languages that people prefer to speak. Promotional materials should be in multiple modalities (print, radio and social media) and also have specific Maya cultural references (dress, food and concepts of disease) to ensure messaging connects with intended targets. This study supports the need for more robust research into best practices for communicating about COVID-19 vaccines to marginalised communities globally and suggests that policy makers should invest in targeted local solutions to increase vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Ann Skinner
- Stanford Center for Health Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kelly Sanders
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Emily Lopez
- Maya Health Alliance Wuqu' Kawoq, Tecpan, Guatemala
| | | | - Lucía Abascal Miguel
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kathryn B Vosburg
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jamie Johnston
- Stanford Center for Health Education, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Nadia Diamond-Smith
- Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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18
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COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Italian Healthcare Workers: Latent Profiles and Their Relationships to Predictors and Outcome. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020273. [PMID: 36851151 PMCID: PMC9964484 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy and conspiracy beliefs among healthcare workers (HCWs) represent operational priorities that require urgent attention. Identifying and classifying specific subpopulation of hesitancy is crucial to customize educational and intervention strategies to enhance the acceptance and uptake rate of vaccination. Thus, the main purpose of our study was to empirically identify latent profiles of vaccine hesitancy among Italian HCWs adopting a person-centered approach and investigating their relationships with antecedents and intention to get a fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted latent profile analyses (LPA) to identify different configurations of vaccine hesitancy based on five antecedents of vaccination: confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility among a sample of Italian HCWs (n = 573). LPA revealed four distinct profiles: believer (61.5%), middler (24.7%), hesitant (9.00%), and rejecter (4.7%). Having conspiracy beliefs was associated with a greater likelihood of membership in all but believer. Finally, the likelihood of intention to get a fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccine was lowest in the rejector and hesitant profiles. Theoretical contributions and implications for practice are discussed.
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Bahramali G, Mashhadi Abolghasem Shirazi M, Hannan M, Aghasadeghi MR, Khosravy MS, Arjmand S, Sadat SM. Immunogenicity evaluation of a novel virus-like particle vaccine candidate against SARS-CoV-2 in BALB/c. Pathog Dis 2023; 81:ftad021. [PMID: 37667486 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftad021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has imposed deployment of an effective vaccine as a worldwide health priority. The new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have also brought serious concerns due to virus eradiation hesitancy. In this study, we evaluated the protective immune system activity of a recombinant viral vector-based vaccine candidate encoding a fusion spike, membrane and nucleocapsid proteins, Spike (528-1273aa)-M-N, in BALB/c via two different routes of delivery, intranasal and subcutaneous. The immune responses were then assessed through specific SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, interleukin and granzyme B secretion. The outcomes showed that the IgG titer and IgA secretion was higher in intranasal route in comparison with the subcutaneous, and what is more, a higher titer of IL-4 was detected through the intranasal route, whereas IFN-γ was highly induced via the subcutaneous route. The cytotoxic cell activities were mostly achieved via subcutaneous route immunization. Vaccination with the target antigen is immunogenic and led to induction of specific antibodies. Both humoral and cellular immunity arms were well activated in immunized mice, especially through intranasal route with detectable IgA and IgG. Therefore, implication of the platform as a potential vaccine candidate has potential as a future prophylactic vaccine that guarantees further investigations for the assessment of its immunogenicity in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Bahramali
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood borne diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
| | | | - Mina Hannan
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood borne diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Aghasadeghi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood borne diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadeq Khosravy
- Department of Rabies Research (B), WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Rabies, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
| | - Sina Arjmand
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood borne diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Sadat
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS and Blood borne diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316946551, Iran
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20
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Marcinowicz L, Fejfer-Wirbal E, Dudzik A, Genowska A, Terlikowski S. Barriers and Facilitators to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Polish Patients: A Qualitative Interview Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010177. [PMID: 36680021 PMCID: PMC9861893 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The decision to receive a COVID-19 vaccine is influenced by a variety of individual and contextual factors. However, there are very few studies that analyse individual vaccination decisions using a qualitative methodology. To close this gap, we conducted a qualitative interview study to examine the opinions and experiences with the vaccine among patients previously hospitalized due to COVID-19, including barriers and facilitators to vaccine uptake. An exploratory qualitative study, using semi-structured telephone interviews, was conducted among 22 patients admitted for COVID-19 in Poland in 2022. Opinions of patients previously hospitalized with COVID-19 on vaccination were varied. Barriers to COVID-19 vaccine uptake stemmed from concerns about vaccine safety, patients' religious beliefs, and negative stories. High disease severity and anxiety over personal and family health were important arguments in favour of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine. The study findings indicated the need for ongoing health education by healthcare staff as well as coordination and integration of multi-sectoral institutional measures regarding COVID-19 prevention strategies as well as increased public health initiatives on social media and engagement of community leaders for awareness about vaccines and vaccination. It is crucial to build trust in COVID-19 vaccinations among the general public by disseminating reliable information through trustworthy and credible sources. However, it ought to be emphasised that, regardless of the measures taken, some individuals will remain unconvinced about receiving a COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmiła Marcinowicz
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Maternity Care, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Fejfer-Wirbal
- Department of Health Sciences, Prof. Edward F. Szczepanik State Vocational University in Suwalki, Noniewicza 10, 16-400 Suwalki, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dudzik
- Department of Foreign Languages, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Genowska
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Sławomir Terlikowski
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Maternity Care, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland
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21
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Changes in Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccine Uptake during Pandemic. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010147. [PMID: 36679992 PMCID: PMC9864985 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidemic control approach was based on non-pharmacological measures in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by vaccine uptake in the second year. Vaccine uptake depends on the individual attitude toward vaccination. The aim was to assess the changes in attitudes regarding COVID-19 vaccine protection during the pandemic and to determine the vaccination uptake concerning these attitudes. A panel study on COVID-19 vaccine attitudes and vaccination against COVID-19 was conducted in Belgrade, Serbia. The first survey was carried out in May−June 2020, and the second survey was organized in August−September 2021. During the baseline testing performed in 2020, 64.4% of respondents believed that the future vaccine against COVID-19 could protect against the COVID-19 disease, while 9.7% thought that it could not, and 25.9% were unsure. One year later, in the second survey, the percentage of participants with positive attitudes was slightly lower (64.7% vs. 62.5%). However, negative attitudes turned positive in 34% of cases, and 28.9% became unsure about vaccine protection (p < 0.001). Out of the 390 participants included in the study, 79.7% were vaccinated against COVID-19 until follow-up. There is a statistically significant difference in vaccination uptake compared to the baseline attitude about the protection of the COVID-19 vaccine. The main finding of our study is that the majority of participants who were vaccine hesitant during the baseline testing changed their opinion during the follow-up period. Additionally, the baseline attitude about the protection of the COVID-19 vaccine has been shown to be a potential determinant of vaccination uptake.
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22
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Maietti E, Reno C, Sanmarchi F, Montalti M, Fantini MP, Gori D. Are psychological status and trust in information related to vaccine hesitancy during COVID-19 pandemic? A latent class and mediation analyses in Italy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2157622. [PMID: 36573024 PMCID: PMC9891681 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2157622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recognized benefits of the COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy (VH) remains one of the biggest challenges of the mass vaccination campaign. Most studies investigating VH determinants focused on socio-demographics and direct relationships. In this study, we aimed at: 1) identifying subgroups of people differently affected by the pandemic, in terms of psychological status; 2) investigating the role of psychological status and trust in information as possible mediators of the relationship between individual characteristics and VH. To this purpose, a latent class analysis (LCA) followed by a mediation analysis were carried out on data from a survey conducted in January 2021 on 1011 Italian citizens. LCA identified four different subgroups characterized by a differential psychological impact of the pandemic: the extremely affected (21.1%), the highly affected (49.1%), the moderately affected (21.8%) and the slightly affected (8%). We found that VH decreased with the increase of psychological impact (from 59.3% to 23.9%). In the mediation analysis, past vaccination refusal, age 45-54 years and lower-than-average income, were all indirectly related to higher VH through mistrust in COVID-19 information. Differently, the psychological impact counteracted the greater VH in females, the negative effect of social media among youngest (<35 years) and the negative effect of mistrust in the lower-than-average-income subgroup. Knowledge of psychological profile of hesitant individuals, their level of trust and the sources of information they access, together with their sociodemographic characteristics provides a more comprehensive picture of VH determinants that can be used by public health stakeholders to effectively design and adapt communication campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Maietti
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Reno
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Sanmarchi
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy,CONTACT Francesco Sanmarchi Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Via San Giacomo 12, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marco Montalti
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Fantini
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Davide Gori
- Department of Biomedical and Nuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Mudenda S, Mukosha M, Godman B, Fadare JO, Ogunleye OO, Meyer JC, Skosana P, Chama J, Daka V, Matafwali SK, Chabalenge B, Witika BA. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccines among Secondary School Pupils in Zambia: Implications for Future Educational and Sensitisation Programmes. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:2141. [PMID: 36560551 PMCID: PMC9784903 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in the closure of schools to slow the spread of the virus across populations, and the administration of vaccines to protect people from severe disease, including school children and adolescents. In Zambia, there is currently little information on the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among school-going children and adolescents despite their inclusion in the vaccination programme. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines among secondary school pupils in Lusaka, Zambia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2022 to October 2022. Of the 998 participants, 646 (64.7%) were female, and 127 (12.7%) would accept to be vaccinated. Those who were willing to be vaccinated had better knowledge (68.5% vs. 56.3%) and a positive attitude (79.1% vs. 33.7%) compared to those who were hesitant. Overall, the odds of vaccine acceptance were higher among pupils who had higher knowledge scores (AOR = 11.75, 95% CI: 6.51-21.2), positive attitude scores (AOR = 9.85, 95% CI: 4.35-22.2), and those who knew a friend or relative who had died from COVID-19 (AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: 2.14-5.09). The low vaccine acceptance among pupils is of public health concern, emphasising the need for heightened sensitisation programmes that promote vaccine acceptance among pupils in Zambia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steward Mudenda
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia
| | - Moses Mukosha
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia
| | - Brian Godman
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| | - Joseph O. Fadare
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ekiti State University College of Medicine, Ado-Ekiti 362103, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti 362103, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka O. Ogunleye
- Department of Pharmacology, Therapeutics and Toxicology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos 100271, Nigeria
- Department of Medicine, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos 100271, Nigeria
| | - Johanna C. Meyer
- Department of Public Health Pharmacy and Management, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
- South African Vaccination and Immunisation and Centre, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Phumzile Skosana
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Jacob Chama
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka P.O. Box 50110, Zambia
| | - Victor Daka
- Department of Public Health, Michael Chilufya Sata School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola P.O. Box 71191, Zambia
| | - Scott K. Matafwali
- Clinical Research Department, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Billy Chabalenge
- Department of Medicines Control, Zambia Medicines Regulatory Authority, Lusaka P.O. Box 31890, Zambia
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
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Siddiqui A, Priya, Adnan A, Abbas S, Qamar K, Islam Z, Rahmat ZS, Essar MY, Farahat RA. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in conflict zones: A review of current literature. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1006271. [PMID: 36530665 PMCID: PMC9757058 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1006271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is prevalent in conflict zones due to a lack of essential resources and knowledge, thereby escalating the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) cases in these territories. This has resulted in a higher incidence of cases from exposure to a single COVID-19 positive case and further burdens the health care system of conflict zones which are already on the brink of collapsing. Aim This narrative review aims to determine VH to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in five conflict zones that include Somalia, Yemen, Palestine, Syria, and Afghanistan. Methodology A Boolean search was carried out in MEDLINE-PubMed from inception till 6 June 2022. The search was performed by using the following keywords: "(SARS-CoV-2 OR covid OR covid 19) AND (vaccine hesitancy OR covid vaccine acceptance OR intention to vaccinate) AND (Syria OR Yemen OR Palestine OR Afghanistan OR Somalia"). The full text of all relevant articles in English along with their supplementary material was extracted. Results All the included studies reported at least 30% or more increase in vaccine hesitancy among conflict settings. VH was mostly due to a lack of available resources, lack of appropriate knowledge, and believing misleading rumors about the vaccine. Discussion Considering the massive amount of reluctance among people residing in conflict zones, the need to take effective measures against VH is undoubtedly apparent. This can be accomplished by carrying out mass vaccinations by the governments and proper health education through raising the public awareness regarding vaccines, thereby eliminating rumors that exacerbate the fear of adverse effects. Conclusion The approach described in this article to combat VH can be implemented to increase vaccination rates and significantly alleviate R0 across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Siddiqui
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Priya
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Alishba Adnan
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samina Abbas
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Khulud Qamar
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zarmina Islam
- Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Mohammad Yasir Essar
- Afghanistan National Charity Organization for Special Diseases, Kabul, Afghanistan,Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan,*Correspondence: Mohammad Yasir Essar
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COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Dose Acceptance: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7100298. [PMID: 36288039 PMCID: PMC9611447 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) booster dose vaccination after completing the primary vaccination series for individuals ≥18 years and most-at-risk populations. This study aimed to estimate the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine booster dose uptake and intention to get the booster dose among general populations and healthcare workers (HCWs). We searched PsycINFO, Scopus, EBSCO, MEDLINE Central/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect according to PRISMA guidelines. From a total of 1079 screened records, 50 studies were extracted. Meta-analysis was conducted using 48 high-quality studies according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Using the 48 included studies, the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among 198,831 subjects was 81% (95% confidence interval (CI): 75–85%, I2 = 100%). The actual uptake of the booster dose in eight studies involving 12,995 subjects was 31% (95% CI: 19–46%, I2 = 100%), while the intention to have the booster dose of the vaccine was 79% (95% CI: 72–85%, I2 = 100%). The acceptance of the booster dose of COVID-19 vaccines among HCWs was 66% (95% CI: 58–74%), I2 = 99%). Meta-regression revealed that previous COVID-19 infection was associated with a lower intention to have the booster dose. Conversely, previous COVID-19 infection was associated with a significantly higher level of booster dose actual uptake. The pooled booster dose acceptance in the WHO region of the Americas, which did not include any actual vaccination, was 77% (95% CI: 66–85%, I2 = 100%). The pooled acceptance of the booster dose in the Western Pacific was 89% (95% CI: 84–92%, I2 = 100), followed by the European region: 86% (95% CI: 81–90%, I2 = 99%), the Eastern Mediterranean region: 59% (95% CI: 46–71%, I2 = 99%), and the Southeast Asian region: 52% (95% CI: 43–61%, I2 = 95). Having chronic disease and trust in the vaccine effectiveness were the significant predictors of booster dose COVID-19 vaccine acceptance. The global acceptance rate of COVID-19 booster vaccine is high, but the rates vary by region. To achieve herd immunity for the disease, a high level of vaccination acceptance is required. Intensive vaccination campaigns and programs are still needed around the world to raise public awareness regarding the importance of accepting COVID-19 vaccines needed for proper control of the pandemic.
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