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Zhao Y, Zhou YG, Chen JF. Targeting the adenosine A 2A receptor for neuroprotection and cognitive improvement in traumatic brain injury and Parkinson's disease. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:125-133. [PMID: 37679245 PMCID: PMC11138351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine exerts its dual functions of homeostasis and neuromodulation in the brain by acting at mainly 2 G-protein coupled receptors, called A1 and A2A receptors. The adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists have been clinically pursued for the last 2 decades, leading to final approval of the istradefylline, an A2AR antagonist, for the treatment of OFF-Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. The approval paves the way to develop novel therapeutic methods for A2AR antagonists to address 2 major unmet medical needs in PD and traumatic brain injury (TBI), namely neuroprotection or improving cognition. In this review, we first consider the evidence for aberrantly increased adenosine signaling in PD and TBI and the sufficiency of the increased A2AR signaling to trigger neurotoxicity and cognitive impairment. We further discuss the increasing preclinical data on the reversal of cognitive deficits in PD and TBI by A2AR antagonists through control of degenerative proteins and synaptotoxicity, and on protection against TBI and PD pathologies by A2AR antagonists through control of neuroinflammation. Moreover, we provide the supporting evidence from multiple human prospective epidemiological studies which revealed an inverse relation between the consumption of caffeine and the risk of developing PD and cognitive decline in aging population and Alzheimer's disease patients. Collectively, the convergence of clinical, epidemiological and experimental evidence supports the validity of A2AR as a new therapeutic target and facilitates the design of A2AR antagonists in clinical trials for disease-modifying and cognitive benefit in PD and TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- The Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and the Eye-Brain Research Center, The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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2
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Yan A, Torpey A, Morrisroe E, Andraous W, Costa A, Bergese S. Clinical Management in Traumatic Brain Injury. Biomedicines 2024; 12:781. [PMID: 38672137 PMCID: PMC11048642 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12040781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and is one of the major public healthcare burdens in the US, with millions of patients suffering from the traumatic brain injury itself (approximately 1.6 million/year) or its repercussions (2-6 million patients with disabilities). The severity of traumatic brain injury can range from mild transient neurological dysfunction or impairment to severe profound disability that leaves patients completely non-functional. Indications for treatment differ based on the injury's severity, but one of the goals of early treatment is to prevent secondary brain injury. Hemodynamic stability, monitoring and treatment of intracranial pressure, maintenance of cerebral perfusion pressure, support of adequate oxygenation and ventilation, administration of hyperosmolar agents and/or sedatives, nutritional support, and seizure prophylaxis are the mainstays of medical treatment for severe traumatic brain injury. Surgical management options include decompressive craniectomy or cerebrospinal fluid drainage via the insertion of an external ventricular drain. Several emerging treatment modalities are being investigated, such as anti-excitotoxic agents, anti-ischemic and cerebral dysregulation agents, S100B protein, erythropoietin, endogenous neuroprotectors, anti-inflammatory agents, and stem cell and neuronal restoration agents, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.Y.); (A.T.); (W.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrew Torpey
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.Y.); (A.T.); (W.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Erin Morrisroe
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
| | - Wesam Andraous
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.Y.); (A.T.); (W.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Ana Costa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (A.Y.); (A.T.); (W.A.); (A.C.)
| | - Sergio Bergese
- Department of Anesthesiology and Neurological Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Thomas M. "A nice cup of tea": Caffeine in the intensive care unit. J Intensive Care Soc 2023; 24:29. [PMID: 37928084 PMCID: PMC10621512 DOI: 10.1177/1751143720958406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
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Yoon H, Ro YS, Jung E, Moon SB, Park GJ, Lee SGW, Shin SD. Serum Caffeine Concentration at the Time of Traumatic Brain Injury and Its Long-Term Clinical Outcomes. J Neurotrauma 2023; 40:2386-2395. [PMID: 37609786 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2023.0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs in the general population. It has a neuroprotective effect in degenerative neurological disorders; however, the association between caffeine and traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes is contradictory. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between serum caffeine concentration at the time of injury and long-term functional outcomes of patients with TBI visiting the emergency department (ED). This was a prospective multi-center cohort study including adult patients with intracranial injury confirmed by radiological examination, who visited five participating EDs within 72 h after TBI. The main exposure was the serum caffeine level within 4 h after injury, and the study outcome was a favorable functional recovery at 6 months after injury. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders was performed to calculate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among the 334 study participants, caffeine was not detected in 102 patients (30.5 %). In patients with identifiable caffeine level, serum caffeine level was categorized into tercile groups; low (0.01-0.58 μg/mL), intermediate (0.59-1.66 μg/mL), and high (1.67-10.00 μg/mL). The proportions of patients with a 6-month favorable functional recovery were 56.9% in the no-caffeine group, 79.2% in the low-caffeine group, 75.3% in the intermediate-caffeine group, and 66.7% in the high-caffeine group (p = 0.006). In multi-variable logistic regression analysis, the low- and intermediate-caffeine groups were significantly associated with a higher probability of 6-month favorable functional recovery compared with the no-caffeine group [AORs (95% CI): 2.82 (1.32-6.02) and 2.18 (1.06-4.47], respectively. This study showed a significant association between a serum caffeine concentration of 0.01 to 1.66 μg/mL and good functional recovery at 6 months after injury compared with the no-caffeine group of patients with TBI with intracranial injury. These results suggest the possibility of using serum caffeine level as a potential biomarker for TBI outcome prediction and of using caffeine as a therapeutic agent in the clinical care of patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Yoon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sun Ro
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eujene Jung
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sung Bae Moon
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine Kyungpook National University and Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gwan Jin Park
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Stephen Gyung Won Lee
- Laboratory of Emergency Medical Services, Seoul National University Hospital Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Do Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Le Sayec M, Carregosa D, Khalifa K, de Lucia C, Aarsland D, Santos CN, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Identification and quantification of (poly)phenol and methylxanthine metabolites in human cerebrospinal fluid: evidence of their ability to cross the BBB. Food Funct 2023; 14:8893-8902. [PMID: 37701930 PMCID: PMC10544810 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01913f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that dietary (poly)phenols and methylxanthines have neuroprotective effects; however, little is known about whether they can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and exert direct effects on the brain. We investigated the presence of (poly)phenol and methylxanthine metabolites in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 90 individuals at risk of dementia using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and predicted their mechanism of transport across the BBB using in silico modelling techniques. A total of 123 and 127 metabolites were detected in CSF and plasma, respectively. In silico analysis suggests that 5 of the 20 metabolites quantified in CSF can cross the BBB by passive diffusion, while at least 9 metabolites require the aid of cell transporters to cross the BBB. Our results showed that (poly)phenols and methylxanthines are bioavailable, can cross the BBB via passive diffusion or transport carriers, and can reach brain tissues to exert neuroprotective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Le Sayec
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Diogo Carregosa
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Khadija Khalifa
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Chiara de Lucia
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Cláudia N Santos
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS, FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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Zhao Y, Ning YL, Zhou YG. A 2AR and traumatic brain injury. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 170:225-265. [PMID: 37741693 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed the adenosine 2A receptor is a key tuner for neuropathological and neurobehavioral changes following traumatic brain injury by experimental animal models and a few clinical trials. Here, we highlight recent data involving acute/sub-acute and chronic alterations of adenosine and adenosine 2A receptor-associated signaling in pathological conditions after trauma, with an emphasis of traumatic brain injury, including neuroinflammation, cognitive and psychiatric disorders, and other severe consequences. We expect this would lead to the development of therapeutic strategies for trauma-related disorders with novel mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Department of Army Occupational Disease, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, P.R. China; Institute of Brain and Intelligence, Army Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China.
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7
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Lin HT, Cheng ML, Lo CJ, Lin G, Liu FC. Metabolomic Signature of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:2626. [PMID: 36359470 PMCID: PMC9689120 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the major cause of end stage renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The subtle metabolic changes in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) might precede the development of DKD by years. In this longitudinal study, CSF and plasma samples were collected from 28 patients with T2DM and 25 controls, during spinal anesthesia for elective surgery in 2017. These samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in 2017, and the results were correlated with current DKD in 2017, and the development of new-onset DKD, in 2021. Comparing patients with T2DM having new-onset DKD with those without DKD, revealed significantly increased CSF tryptophan and plasma uric acid levels, whereas phosphatidylcholine 36:4 was lower. The altered metabolites in the current DKD cases were uric acid and paraxanthine in the CSF and uric acid, L-acetylcarnitine, bilirubin, and phosphatidylethanolamine 38:4 in the plasma. These metabolic alterations suggest the defective mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and purine and phospholipid metabolism in patients with DKD. A correlation analysis found CSF uric acid had an independent positive association with the urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio. In conclusion, these identified CSF and plasma biomarkers of DKD in diabetic patients, might be valuable for monitoring the DKD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Tang Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ling Cheng
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Jen Lo
- Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Imaging Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
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8
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Vike NL, Bari S, Stetsiv K, Talavage TM, Nauman EA, Papa L, Slobounov S, Breiter HC, Cornelis MC. Metabolomic response to collegiate football participation: Pre- and Post-season analysis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3091. [PMID: 35197541 PMCID: PMC8866500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07079-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact sports participation has been shown to have both beneficial and detrimental effects on health, however little is known about the metabolic sequelae of these effects. We aimed to identify metabolite alterations across a collegiate American football season. Serum was collected from 23 male collegiate football athletes before the athletic season (Pre) and after the last game (Post). Samples underwent nontargeted metabolomic profiling and 1131 metabolites were included for univariate, pathway enrichment, and multivariate analyses. Significant metabolites were assessed against head acceleration events (HAEs). 200 metabolites changed from Pre to Post (P < 0.05 and Q < 0.05); 160 had known identity and mapped to one of 57 pre-defined biological pathways. There was significant enrichment of metabolites belonging to five pathways (P < 0.05): xanthine, fatty acid (acyl choline), medium chain fatty acid, primary bile acid, and glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and pyruvate metabolism. A set of 12 metabolites was sufficient to discriminate Pre from Post status, and changes in 64 of the 200 metabolites were also associated with HAEs (P < 0.05). In summary, the identified metabolites, and candidate pathways, argue there are metabolic consequences of both physical training and head impacts with football participation. These findings additionally identify a potential set of objective biomarkers of repetitive head injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Vike
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sumra Bari
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Khrystyna Stetsiv
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Thomas M Talavage
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric A Nauman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Linda Papa
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Semyon Slobounov
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - Hans C Breiter
- Warren Wright Adolescent Center Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Laboratory of Neuroimaging and Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Neuroprotective Effects of Coffee Bioactive Compounds: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010107. [PMID: 33374338 PMCID: PMC7795778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages worldwide. It is usually identified as a stimulant because of a high content of caffeine. However, caffeine is not the only coffee bioactive component. The coffee beverage is in fact a mixture of a number of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, especially chlorogenic acids (in green beans) and caffeic acid (in roasted coffee beans), alkaloids (caffeine and trigonelline), and the diterpenes (cafestol and kahweol). Extensive research shows that coffee consumption appears to have beneficial effects on human health. Regular coffee intake may protect from many chronic disorders, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and some types of cancer. Importantly, coffee consumption seems to be also correlated with a decreased risk of developing some neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and dementia. Regular coffee intake may also reduce the risk of stroke. The mechanism underlying these effects is, however, still poorly understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the neuroprotective potential of the main bioactive coffee components, i.e., caffeine, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, trigonelline, kahweol, and cafestol. Data from both in vitro and in vivo preclinical experiments, including their potential therapeutic applications, are reviewed and discussed. Epidemiological studies and clinical reports on this matter are also described. Moreover, potential molecular mechanism(s) by which coffee bioactive components may provide neuroprotection are reviewed.
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Early application of caffeine improves white matter development in very preterm infants. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 281:103495. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Lusardi TA, Lytle NK, Gebril HM, Boison D. Effects of Preinjury and Postinjury Exposure to Caffeine in a Rat Model of Traumatic Brain Injury. J Caffeine Adenosine Res 2020; 10:12-24. [PMID: 32181443 PMCID: PMC7071069 DOI: 10.1089/caff.2019.0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lethal apnea is a significant cause of acute mortality following a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI is associated with a surge of adenosine, which also suppresses respiratory function in the brainstem. Methods and Materials: This study examined the acute and chronic effects of caffeine, an adenosine receptor antagonist, on acute mortality and morbidity after fluid percussion injury. Results: We demonstrate that, regardless of preinjury caffeine exposure, an acute bolus of caffeine given immediately following the injury dosedependently prevented lethal apnea and has no detrimental effects on motor performance following sublethal injuries. Finally, we demonstrate that chronic caffeine treatment after injury, but not caffeine withdrawal, impairs recovery of motor function. Conclusions: Preexposure of the injured brain to caffeine does not have a major impact on acute and delayed outcome parameters; more importantly, a single acute dose of caffeine after the injury can prevent lethal apnea regardless of chronic caffeine preexposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A. Lusardi
- School of Medicine Computational Biology Program, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
- Robert Stone Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, LRI, Portland, Oregon
| | - Nikki K. Lytle
- Robert Stone Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, LRI, Portland, Oregon
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California
| | - Hoda M. Gebril
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Detlev Boison
- Department of Neurosurgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
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12
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Caffeine and Clinical Outcomes in Premature Neonates. CHILDREN-BASEL 2019; 6:children6110118. [PMID: 31653108 PMCID: PMC6915633 DOI: 10.3390/children6110118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is the most widely used drug by both adults and children worldwide due to its ability to promote alertness and elevate moods. It is effective in the management of apnea of prematurity in premature infants. Caffeine for apnea of prematurity reduces the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in very-low-birth-weight infants and improves survival without neurodevelopmental disability at 18-21 months. Follow-up studies of the infants in the Caffeine for Apnea of Prematurity trial highlight the long-term safety of caffeine in these infants, especially relating to motor, behavioral, and intelligence skills. However, in animal models, exposure to caffeine during pregnancy and lactation adversely affects neuronal development and adult behavior of their offspring. Prenatal caffeine predisposes to intrauterine growth restriction and small growth for gestational age at birth. However, in-utero exposure to caffeine is also associated with excess growth, obesity, and cardio-metabolic changes in children. Caffeine therapy is a significant advance in newborn care, conferring immediate benefits in preterm neonates. Studies should help define the appropriate therapeutic window for caffeine treatment along with with the mechanisms relating to its beneficial effects on the brain and the lung. The long-term consequences of caffeine in adults born preterm are being studied and may depend on the ability of caffeine to modulate both the expression and the maturation of adenosine receptors in infants treated with caffeine.
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Pérez-Pérez D, Reyes-Vidal I, Chávez-Cortez EG, Sotelo J, Magaña-Maldonado R. Methylxanthines: Potential Therapeutic Agents for Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12030130. [PMID: 31500285 PMCID: PMC6789489 DOI: 10.3390/ph12030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor. Currently, treatment is ineffective and the median overall survival is 20.9 months. The poor prognosis of GBM is a consequence of several altered signaling pathways that favor the proliferation and survival of neoplastic cells. One of these pathways is the deregulation of phosphodiesterases (PDEs). These enzymes participate in the development of GBM and may have value as therapeutic targets to treat GBM. Methylxanthines (MXTs) such as caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine are PDE inhibitors and constitute a promising therapeutic anti-cancer agent against GBM. MTXs also regulate various cell processes such as proliferation, migration, cell death, and differentiation; these processes are related to cancer progression, making MXTs potential therapeutic agents in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pérez-Pérez
- PECEM, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of México, México City 04510, Mexico
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City 14269, Mexico
| | - Iannel Reyes-Vidal
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City 14269, Mexico
| | - Elda Georgina Chávez-Cortez
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City 14269, Mexico
| | - Julio Sotelo
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City 14269, Mexico
| | - Roxana Magaña-Maldonado
- Neuroimmunology and Neuro-oncology Unit, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, México City 14269, Mexico.
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Cassol G, Godinho DB, de Zorzi VN, Farinha JB, Della-Pace ID, de Carvalho Gonçalves M, Oliveira MS, Furian AF, Fighera MR, Royes LFF. Potential therapeutic implications of ergogenic compounds on pathophysiology induced by traumatic brain injury: A narrative review. Life Sci 2019; 233:116684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Willemse EAJ, Vermeiren Y, Garcia-Ayllon MS, Bridel C, De Deyn PP, Engelborghs S, van der Flier WM, Jansen EEW, Lopez-Font IB, Mendes V, Manadas B, de Roeck N, Saez-Valero J, Struys EA, Vanmechelen E, Andreasson U, Teunissen CE. Pre-analytical stability of novel cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 497:204-211. [PMID: 31348908 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Stability of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition under different pre-analytical conditions is relevant for the diagnostic potential of biomarkers. Our aim was to examine the pre-analytical stability of promising CSF biomarkers that are currently evaluated for their discriminative use in various neurological diseases. Pooled CSF was aliquoted and experimentally exposed to delayed storage: 0, 1, 2, 4, 24, 72, or 168 h at 4 °C or room temperature (RT), or 1-4 months at -20 °C; or up to 7 freeze/thaw (f/t) cycles, before final storage at -80 °C. Eleven CSF biomarkers were screened using immunoassays, liquid chromatography, or enzymatic methods. Levels of neurogranin (truncP75), chitinase-3-like protein (YKL-40), beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymatic activity, theobromine, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine-like 1 (SPARCL-1) and homovanillic acid (HVA) levels were not affected by the applied storage conditions. 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) levels linearly and strongly decreased after 4 h at RT (-10%) or 24 h at 4 °C (-27%), and with 6% after every f/t cycle. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) (-29% after 1 week at RT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels (5-HIAA) (-16% after 1 week at RT) were reduced and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) levels (+22% after 1 week at RT) increased, but only after >24 h at RT. Ten out of eleven potential CSF novel biomarkers showed very limited change under common storage and f/t conditions, suggesting that these CSF biomarkers can be trustfully tested under the pre-analytical conditions present across different cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline A J Willemse
- Neurochemistry laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands.
| | - Yannick Vermeiren
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria-Salud Garcia-Ayllon
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Elche, Spain; Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Claire Bridel
- Neurochemistry laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
| | - Peter P De Deyn
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Behavior, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center Groningen, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA), Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Neurology and Memory Clinic, Hospital Network Antwerp (ZNA), Middelheim and Hoge Beuken, Antwerp, Belgium; Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Wiesje M van der Flier
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erwin E W Jansen
- Metabolic laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inmaculada B Lopez-Font
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Vera Mendes
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Naomi de Roeck
- Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born-Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Javier Saez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Eduard A Struys
- Metabolic laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Ulf Andreasson
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Charlotte E Teunissen
- Neurochemistry laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands; Head of Biobank, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, the Netherlands
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16
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Yalcin N, Chen SP, Yu ES, Liu TT, Yen JC, Atalay YB, Qin T, Celik F, van den Maagdenberg AM, Moskowitz MA, Ayata C, Eikermann-Haerter K. Caffeine does not affect susceptibility to cortical spreading depolarization in mice. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2019; 39:740-750. [PMID: 29651899 PMCID: PMC6446422 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x18768955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several factors that modulate migraine, a common primary headache disorder, also affect susceptibility to cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). CSD is a wave of neuronal and glial depolarization and thought to underlie the migraine aura and possibly headache. Here, we tested whether caffeine, known to alleviate or trigger headache after acute exposure or chronic use/withdrawal, respectively, modulates CSD. We injected C57BL/6J mice with caffeine (30, 60, or 120 mg/kg; i.p.) once ( acute) or twice per day for one or two weeks ( chronic). Susceptibility to CSD was evaluated by measuring the electrical CSD threshold and by assessing KCl-induced CSD. Simultaneous laser Doppler flowmetry was used to assess CSD-induced cortical blood flow changes. Recordings were performed 15 min after caffeine/vehicle administration, or 24 h after the last dose of chronic caffeine in the withdrawal group. The latter paradigm was also tested in mice carrying the familial hemiplegic migraine type 1 R192Q missense mutation, considered a valid migraine model. Neither acute/chronic administration nor withdrawal of caffeine affected CSD susceptibility or related cortical blood flow changes, either in WT or R192Q mice. Hence, adverse or beneficial effects of caffeine on headache seem unrelated to CSD pathophysiology, consistent with the non-migrainous clinical presentation of caffeine-related headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Yalcin
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Shih-Pin Chen
- 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,3 Department of Medical Research, Division of Translational Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,4 Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Esther S Yu
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Tzu-Ting Liu
- 5 Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiin-Cherng Yen
- 5 Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yahya B Atalay
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Tao Qin
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Furkan Celik
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Arn Mjm van den Maagdenberg
- 6 Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,7 Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A Moskowitz
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cenk Ayata
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA.,8 Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Stroke Service and Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katharina Eikermann-Haerter
- 1 Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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17
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Sanjakdar SS, Flerlage WJ, Kang HS, Napier DA, Dougherty JR, Mountney A, Gilsdorf JS, Shear DA. Differential Effects of Caffeine on Motor and Cognitive Outcomes of Penetrating Ballistic-Like Brain Injury. Mil Med 2019; 184:291-300. [PMID: 30901408 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usy367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of caffeine on neurobehavioral recovery in the WRAIR penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) model. Unilateral frontal PBBI was produced in the right hemisphere of anesthetized rats at moderate (7%-PBBI) or severe (10%-PBBI) injury levels. Animals were randomly assigned to pretreatment groups: acute caffeine (25 mg/kg CAF gavage, 1 h prior to PBBI), or chronic caffeine (0.25 g/L CAF drinking water, 30 days prior to PBBI). Motor function was evaluated on the rotarod at fixed-speed increments of 10, 15, and 20 RPM. Cognitive performance was evaluated on the Morris water maze. Acute caffeine showed no significant treatment effect on motor or cognitive outcome. Acute caffeine exposure prior to 10%-PBBI resulted in a significantly higher thigmotaxic response compared to vehicle-PBBI groups, which may indicate caffeine exacerbates post-injury anxiety/attention decrements. Results of the chronic caffeine study revealed a significant improvement in motor outcome at 7 and 10 days post-injury in the 7%-PBBI group. However, chronic caffeine exposure significantly increased the latency to locate the platform in the Morris water maze task at all injury levels. Results indicate that chronic caffeine consumption prior to a penetrating TBI may provide moderate beneficial effects to motor recovery, but may worsen the neurocognitive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Sanjakdar
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | - William J Flerlage
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Hyun S Kang
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Douglas A Napier
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | - Andrea Mountney
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Janice S Gilsdorf
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Deborah A Shear
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD
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18
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Ning YL, Yang N, Chen X, Tian HK, Zhao ZA, Zhang XZ, Liu D, Li P, Zhao Y, Peng Y, Wang ZG, Chen JF, Zhou YG. Caffeine attenuates brain injury but increases mortality induced by high-intensity blast wave exposure. Toxicol Lett 2018; 301:90-97. [PMID: 30423366 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine is a substance that is consumed worldwide, and it may exert neuroprotective effects against various cerebral insults, including neurotrauma, which is the most prevalent injury among military personnel. To investigate the effects of caffeine on high-intensity blast wave-induced severe blast injury in mice, three different paradigms of caffeine were applied to male C57BL/6 mice with severe whole body blast injury (WBBI). The results demonstrated that chronic caffeine treatment alleviated blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI); however, both chronic and acute caffeine treatments exacerbated blast-induced lung injuries and, more importantly, increased both the cumulative and time-segmented mortalities postinjury. Interestingly, withdrawing caffeine intake preinjury resulted in favorable outcomes in mortality and lung injury, similar to the findings in water-treated mice, and had the trend to attenuate brain injury. These findings demonstrated that although drinking coffee or caffeine preparations attenuated blast-induced brain trauma, these beverages may place personnel in the battlefield at high risk of casualties, which will help us re-evaluate the therapeutic strategy of caffeine application, particularly in multiple-organ-trauma settings. Furthermore, these findings provided possible strategies for reducing the risk of casualties with caffeine consumption, which may help to change the coffee-drinking habits of military personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lei Ning
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xing Chen
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Hua-Ke Tian
- Department of Trauma and Microsurgery, the PLA No. 324 Hospital, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - Zi-Ai Zhao
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Xiu-Zhu Zhang
- Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Ping Li
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Zheng-Guo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China; Department four, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jiang-Fan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- Molecular Biology Center, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
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19
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van Koert RR, Bauer PR, Schuitema I, Sander JW, Visser GH. Caffeine and seizures: A systematic review and quantitative analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 80:37-47. [PMID: 29414557 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Caffeine is the most commonly used central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. The relationship between caffeine, seizures, epilepsy, and antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is complex and not fully understood. Case reports suggest that caffeine triggers seizures in susceptible people. Our systematic review reports on the relationship between caffeine, seizures, and drugs in animal and human studies. Quantitative analyses were also done on animal studies regarding the effects of caffeine on AEDs. METHODS PubMed was searched for studies assessing the effects of caffeine on seizure susceptibility, epilepsy, and drug interactions in people and in animal models. To quantify the interaction between AEDs and caffeine, the data of six animal studies were pooled and analyzed using a general linear model univariate analysis or One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). RESULTS In total, 442 items were identified from which we included 105 studies. Caffeine can increase seizure susceptibility and protect from seizures, depending on the dose, administration type (chronic or acute), and the developmental stage at which caffeine exposure started. In animal studies, caffeine decreased the antiepileptic potency of some drugs; this effect was strongest in topiramate. CONCLUSION Preclinical studies suggest that caffeine increases seizure susceptibility. In some cases, chronic use of caffeine may protect against seizures. Caffeine lowers the efficacy of several drugs, especially topiramate. It is unclear how these findings in models can be translated to the clinical condition. Until clinical studies suggest otherwise, caffeine intake should be considered as a factor in achieving and maintaining seizure control in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick R van Koert
- Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Prisca R Bauer
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Ilse Schuitema
- Health, Medical and Neuropsychology Unit, Institute of Psychology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Josemir W Sander
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK; Chalfont Centre for Epilepsy, Chalfont St Peter, UK.
| | - Gerhard H Visser
- Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
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20
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Impact of Coffee and Cacao Purine Metabolites on Neuroplasticity and Neurodegenerative Disease. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:214-227. [PMID: 29417473 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2492-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that regular consumption of coffee, tea and dark chocolate (cacao) can promote brain health and may reduce the risk of age-related neurodegenerative disorders. However, the complex array of phytochemicals in coffee and cacao beans and tea leaves has hindered a clear understanding of the component(s) that affect neuronal plasticity and resilience. One class of phytochemicals present in relatively high amounts in coffee, tea and cacao are methylxanthines. Among such methylxanthines, caffeine has been the most widely studied and has clear effects on neuronal network activity, promotes sustained cognitive performance and can protect neurons against dysfunction and death in animal models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Caffeine's mechanism of action relies on antagonism of various subclasses of adenosine receptors. Downstream xanthine metabolites, such as theobromine and theophylline, may also contribute to the beneficial effects of coffee, tea and cacao on brain health.
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21
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Ning YL, Yang N, Chen X, Zhao ZA, Zhang XZ, Chen XY, Li P, Zhao Y, Zhou YG. Chronic caffeine exposure attenuates blast-induced memory deficit in mice. Chin J Traumatol 2017; 18:204-11. [PMID: 26764541 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of three different ways of chronic caffeine administration on blast- induced memory dysfunction and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS Adult male C57BL/6 mice were used and randomly divided into five groups: control: without blast exposure, con-water: administrated with water continuously before and after blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI), con-caffeine: administrated with caffeine continuously for 1 month before and after bTBI, pre-caffeine: chronically administrated with caffeine for 1 month before bTBI and withdrawal after bTBI, post-caffeine: chronically administrated with caffeine after bTBI. After being subjected to moderate intensity of blast injury, mice were recorded for learning and memory performance using Morris water maze (MWM) paradigms at 1, 4, and 8 weeks post-blast injury. Neurological deficit scoring, glutamate concentration, proinflammatory cytokines production, and neuropathological changes at 24 h, 1, 4, and 8 weeks post-bTBI were examined to evaluate the brain injury in early and prolonged stages. Adenosine A1 receptor expression was detected using qPCR. RESULTS All of the three ways of chronic caffeine exposure ameliorated blast-induced memory deficit, which is correlated with the neuroprotective effects against excitotoxicity, inflammation, astrogliosis and neuronal loss at different stages of injury. Continuous caffeine treatment played positive roles in both early and prolonged stages of bTBI; pre-bTBI and post-bTBI treatment of caffeine tended to exert neuroprotective effects at early and prolonged stages of bTBI respectively. Up-regulation of adenosine A1 receptor expression might contribute to the favorable effects of chronic caffeine consumption. CONCLUSION Since caffeinated beverages are widely consumed in both civilian and military personnel and are convenient to get, the results may provide a promising prophylactic strategy for blast-induced neurotrauma and the consequent cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lei Ning
- Molecular Biology Center, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital,Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Ribeiro MC, Santos Â, Riachi LG, Rodrigues ACB, Coelho GC, Marcellini PS, Bento CADM, de Maria CAB. The effects of roasted yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. ST. Hil.) consumption on glycemia and total serum creatine phosphokinase in patients with traumatic brain injury. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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23
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Trojian TH, Wang DH, Leddy JJ. Nutritional Supplements for the Treatment and Prevention of Sports-Related Concussion—Evidence Still Lacking. Curr Sports Med Rep 2017; 16:247-255. [DOI: 10.1249/jsr.0000000000000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Cunha RA. How does adenosine control neuronal dysfunction and neurodegeneration? J Neurochem 2016; 139:1019-1055. [PMID: 27365148 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 312] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The adenosine modulation system mostly operates through inhibitory A1 (A1 R) and facilitatory A2A receptors (A2A R) in the brain. The activity-dependent release of adenosine acts as a brake of excitatory transmission through A1 R, which are enriched in glutamatergic terminals. Adenosine sharpens salience of information encoding in neuronal circuits: high-frequency stimulation triggers ATP release in the 'activated' synapse, which is locally converted by ecto-nucleotidases into adenosine to selectively activate A2A R; A2A R switch off A1 R and CB1 receptors, bolster glutamate release and NMDA receptors to assist increasing synaptic plasticity in the 'activated' synapse; the parallel engagement of the astrocytic syncytium releases adenosine further inhibiting neighboring synapses, thus sharpening the encoded plastic change. Brain insults trigger a large outflow of adenosine and ATP, as a danger signal. A1 R are a hurdle for damage initiation, but they desensitize upon prolonged activation. However, if the insult is near-threshold and/or of short-duration, A1 R trigger preconditioning, which may limit the spread of damage. Brain insults also up-regulate A2A R, probably to bolster adaptive changes, but this heightens brain damage since A2A R blockade affords neuroprotection in models of epilepsy, depression, Alzheimer's, or Parkinson's disease. This initially involves a control of synaptotoxicity by neuronal A2A R, whereas astrocytic and microglia A2A R might control the spread of damage. The A2A R signaling mechanisms are largely unknown since A2A R are pleiotropic, coupling to different G proteins and non-canonical pathways to control the viability of glutamatergic synapses, neuroinflammation, mitochondria function, and cytoskeleton dynamics. Thus, simultaneously bolstering A1 R preconditioning and preventing excessive A2A R function might afford maximal neuroprotection. The main physiological role of the adenosine modulation system is to sharp the salience of information encoding through a combined action of adenosine A2A receptors (A2A R) in the synapse undergoing an alteration of synaptic efficiency with an increased inhibitory action of A1 R in all surrounding synapses. Brain insults trigger an up-regulation of A2A R in an attempt to bolster adaptive plasticity together with adenosine release and A1 R desensitization; this favors synaptotocity (increased A2A R) and decreases the hurdle to undergo degeneration (decreased A1 R). Maximal neuroprotection is expected to result from a combined A2A R blockade and increased A1 R activation. This article is part of a mini review series: "Synaptic Function and Dysfunction in Brain Diseases".
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A Cunha
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,FMUC-Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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25
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Talme T, Bergdahl E, Sundqvist KG. Methotrexate and its therapeutic antagonists caffeine and theophylline, target a motogenic T-cell mechanism driven by thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:1279-90. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toomas Talme
- Department of Medicine; Division of Dermatology; Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Eva Bergdahl
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Division of Clinical Immunology; Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Karl-Gösta Sundqvist
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Division of Clinical Immunology; Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine; Division of Therapeutic Immunology; Karolinska Institute at Karolinska University Hospital; Stockholm Sweden
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26
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Kochanek PM, Jackson TC, Ferguson NM, Carlson SW, Simon DW, Brockman EC, Ji J, Bayir H, Poloyac SM, Wagner AK, Kline AE, Empey PE, Clark RS, Jackson EK, Dixon CE. Emerging therapies in traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol 2015; 35:83-100. [PMID: 25714870 PMCID: PMC4356170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research, treatments to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are limited. However, based on the recent recognition of the prevalence of mild TBI, and its potential link to neurodegenerative disease, many new and exciting secondary injury mechanisms have been identified and several new therapies are being evaluated targeting both classic and novel paradigms. This includes a robust increase in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Using a mechanism-based approach the authors define the targets and emerging therapies for TBI. They address putative new therapies for TBI across both the spectrum of injury severity and the continuum of care, from the field to rehabilitation. They discussTBI therapy using 11 categories, namely, (1) excitotoxicity and neuronal death, (2) brain edema, (3) mitochondria and oxidative stress, (4) axonal injury, (5) inflammation, (6) ischemia and cerebral blood flow dysregulation, (7) cognitive enhancement, (8) augmentation of endogenous neuroprotection, (9) cellular therapies, (10) combination therapy, and (11) TBI resuscitation. The current golden age of TBI research represents a special opportunity for the development of breakthroughs in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nikki Miller Ferguson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erik C. Brockman
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Ji
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy K. Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert S.B. Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Cerebral adenosine A1 receptors are upregulated in rodent encephalitis. Neuroimage 2014; 92:83-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Revised: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Adenosine A2A receptor deficiency alleviates blast-induced cognitive dysfunction. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2013; 33:1789-98. [PMID: 23921902 PMCID: PMC3824177 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), particularly explosive blast-induced TBI (bTBI), has become the most prevalent injury among military personnel. The disruption of cognitive function is one of the most serious consequences of bTBI because its long-lasting effects prevent survivors fulfilling their active duty and resuming normal civilian life. However, the mechanisms are poorly understood and there is no treatment available. This study investigated the effects of adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) on bTBI-induced cognitive deficit, and explored the underlying mechanisms. After being subjected to moderate whole-body blast injury, mice lacking the A2AR (A2AR knockout (KO)) showed less severity and shorter duration of impaired spatial reference memory and working memory than wild-type mice did. In addition, bTBI-induced cortical and hippocampal lesions, as well as proinflammatory cytokine expression, glutamate release, edema, cell loss, and gliosis in both early and prolonged phases of the injury, were significantly attenuated in A2AR KO mice. The results suggest that early injury and chronic neuropathological damages are important mechanisms of bTBI-induced cognitive impairment, and that the impairment can be attenuated by preventing A2AR activation. These findings suggest that A2AR antagonism is a potential therapeutic strategy for mild-to-moderate bTBI and consequent cognitive impairment.
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29
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Lusardi TA, Lytle NK, Szybala C, Boison D. Caffeine prevents acute mortality after TBI in rats without increased morbidity. Exp Neurol 2011; 234:161-8. [PMID: 22226594 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a high incidence of acute mortality followed by chronic alteration of homeostatic network activity that includes the emergence of posttraumatic seizures. We hypothesized that acute and chronic outcome after severe TBI critically depends on disrupted bioenergetic network homeostasis, which is governed by the availability of the brain's endogenous neuroprotectant adenosine. We used a rat lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) model of severe TBI with an acute mortality rate of 46.7%. A subset of rats was treated with 25mg/kg caffeine intraperitoneally within 1 min of the injury. We assessed neuromotor function at 24h and 4 weeks, and video-EEG activity and histology at 4 weeks following injury. We first demonstrate that acute mortality is related to prolonged apnea and that a single acute injection of the adenosine receptor antagonist caffeine can completely prevent TBI-induced mortality when given immediately following the TBI. Second, we demonstrate that neuromotor function is not affected by caffeine treatment at either 24h or 4 weeks following injury. Third, we demonstrate development of epileptiform EEG bursts as early as 4 weeks post-injury that are significantly reduced in duration in the rats that received caffeine. Our data demonstrate that acute treatment with caffeine can prevent lethal apnea following fluid percussion injury, with no negative influence on motor function or histological outcome. Further, we show epileptiform bursting is reduced after caffeine treatment, suggesting a potential role in the modulation of epilepsy development after severe injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Lusardi
- Robert Stone Dow Neurobiology Laboratories, Legacy Research Institute, Portland, OR 97232, USA
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Petraglia AL, Winkler EA, Bailes JE. Stuck at the bench: Potential natural neuroprotective compounds for concussion. Surg Neurol Int 2011; 2:146. [PMID: 22059141 PMCID: PMC3205506 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.85987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: While numerous laboratory studies have searched for neuroprotective treatment approaches to traumatic brain injury, no therapies have successfully translated from the bench to the bedside. Concussion is a unique form of brain injury, in that the current mainstay of treatment focuses on both physical and cognitive rest. Treatments for concussion are lacking. The concept of neuro-prophylactic compounds or supplements is also an intriguing one, especially as we are learning more about the relationship of numerous sub-concussive blows and/or repetitive concussive impacts and the development of chronic neurodegenerative disease. The use of dietary supplements and herbal remedies has become more common place. Methods: A literature search was conducted with the objective of identifying and reviewing the pre-clinical and clinical studies investigating the neuroprotective properties of a few of the more widely known compounds and supplements. Results: There are an abundance of pre-clinical studies demonstrating the neuroprotective properties of a variety of these compounds and we review some of those here. While there are an increasing number of well-designed studies investigating the therapeutic potential of these nutraceutical preparations, the clinical evidence is still fairly thin. Conclusion: There are encouraging results from laboratory studies demonstrating the multi-mechanistic neuroprotective properties of many naturally occurring compounds. Similarly, there are some intriguing clinical observational studies that potentially suggest both acute and chronic neuroprotective effects. Thus, there is a need for future trials exploring the potential therapeutic benefits of these compounds in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, particularly concussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony L Petraglia
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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Abstract
Caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, and paraxanthine administered to animals and humans distribute in all body fluids and cross all biological membranes. They do not accumulate in organs or tissues and are extensively metabolized by the liver, with less than 2% of caffeine administered excreted unchanged in human urine. Dose-independent and dose-dependent pharmacokinetics of caffeine and other dimethylxanthines may be observed and explained by saturation of metabolic pathways and impaired elimination due to the immaturity of hepatic enzyme and liver diseases. While gender and menstrual cycle have little effect on their elimination, decreased clearance is seen in women using oral contraceptives and during pregnancy. Obesity, physical exercise, diseases, and particularly smoking and the interactions of drugs affect their elimination owing to either stimulation or inhibition of CYP1A2. Their metabolic pathways exhibit important quantitative and qualitative differences in animal species and man. Chronic ingestion or restriction of caffeine intake in man has a small effect on their disposition, but dietary constituents, including broccoli and herbal tea, as well as alcohol were shown to modify their plasma pharmacokinetics. Using molar ratios of metabolites in plasma and/or urine, phenotyping of various enzyme activities, such as cytochrome monooxygenases, N-acetylation, 8-hydroxylation, and xanthine oxidase, has become a valuable tool to identify polymorphisms and to understand individual variations and potential associations with health risks in epidemiological surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurice J Arnaud
- Nutrition and Biochemistry, Bourg-Dessous 2A, La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland.
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32
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Chen JF, Chern Y. Impacts of methylxanthines and adenosine receptors on neurodegeneration: human and experimental studies. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2011:267-310. [PMID: 20859800 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-13443-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are some of the most feared illnesses in modern society, with no effective treatments to slow or halt this neurodegeneration. Several decades after the earliest attempt to treat Parkinson's disease using caffeine, tremendous amounts of information regarding the potential beneficial effect of caffeine as well as adenosine drugs on major neurodegenerative disorders have accumulated. In the first part of this review, we provide general background on the adenosine receptor signaling systems by which caffeine and methylxanthine modulate brain activity and their role in relationship to the development and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. The demonstration of close interaction between adenosine receptor and other G protein coupled receptors and accessory proteins might offer distinct pharmacological properties from adenosine receptor monomers. This is followed by an outline of the major mechanism underlying neuroprotection against neurodegeneration offered by caffeine and adenosine receptor agents. In the second part, we discuss the current understanding of caffeine/methylxantheine and its major target adenosine receptors in development of individual neurodegenerative disorders, including stroke, traumatic brain injury Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease and multiple sclerosis. The exciting findings to date include the specific in vivo functions of adenosine receptors revealed by genetic mouse models, the demonstration of a broad spectrum of neuroprotection by chronic treatment of caffeine and adenosine receptor ligands in animal models of neurodegenerative disorders, the encouraging development of several A(2A) receptor selective antagonists which are now in advanced clinical phase III trials for Parkinson's disease. Importantly, increasing body of the human and experimental studies reveals encouraging evidence that regular human consumption of caffeine in fact may have several beneficial effects on neurodegenerative disorders, from motor stimulation to cognitive enhancement to potential neuroprotection. Thus, with regard to neurodegenerative disorders, these potential benefits of methylxanthines, caffeine in particular, strongly argue against the common practice by clinicians to discourage regular human consumption of caffeine in aging populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Fan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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33
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Haselkorn ML, Shellington DK, Jackson EK, Vagni VA, Janesko-Feldman K, Dubey RK, Gillespie DG, Cheng D, Bell MJ, Jenkins LW, Homanics GE, Schnermann J, Kochanek PM. Adenosine A1 receptor activation as a brake on the microglial response after experimental traumatic brain injury in mice. J Neurotrauma 2010; 27:901-10. [PMID: 20121416 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2009.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported that adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)AR) knockout (KO) mice develop lethal status epilepticus after experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI), which is not seen in wild-type (WT) mice. Studies in epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and neuro-oncology suggest enhanced neuro-inflammation and/or neuronal death in A(1)AR KO. We hypothesized that A(1)AR deficiency exacerbates the microglial response and neuronal damage after TBI. A(1)AR KO and WT littermates were subjected to mild controlled cortical impact (3 m/sec; 0.5 mm depth) to left parietal cortex, an injury level below the acute seizure threshold in the KO. At 24 h or 7 days, mice were sacrificed and serial sections prepared. Iba-1 immunostaining was used to quantify microglia at 7 days. To assess neuronal injury, sections were stained with Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) at 24 h to evaluate neuronal death in the hippocampus and cresyl violet staining at 7 days to analyze cortical lesion volumes. We also studied the effects of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists on (3)H-thymidine uptake (proliferation index) by BV-2 cells (immortalized mouse microglial). There was no neuronal death in CA1 or CA3 quantified by FJC. A(1)AR KO mice exhibited enhanced microglial response; specifically, Iba-1 + microglia were increased 20-50% more in A(1)AR KO versus WT in ipsilateral cortex, CA3, and thalamus, and contralateral cortex, CA1, and thalamus (p < 0.05). However, contusion and cortical volumes did not differ between KO and WT. Pharmacological studies in cultured BV-2 cells indicated that A(1)AR activation inhibits microglial proliferation. A(1)AR activation is an endogenous inhibitor of the microglial response to TBI, likely via inhibition of proliferation, and this may represent a therapeutic avenue to modulate microglia after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lee Haselkorn
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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Gomes CV, Kaster MP, Tomé AR, Agostinho PM, Cunha RA. Adenosine receptors and brain diseases: neuroprotection and neurodegeneration. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2010; 1808:1380-99. [PMID: 21145878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenosine acts in parallel as a neuromodulator and as a homeostatic modulator in the central nervous system. Its neuromodulatory role relies on a balanced activation of inhibitory A(1) receptors (A1R) and facilitatory A(2A) receptors (A2AR), mostly controlling excitatory glutamatergic synapses: A1R impose a tonic brake on excitatory transmission, whereas A2AR are selectively engaged to promote synaptic plasticity phenomena. This neuromodulatory role of adenosine is strikingly similar to the role of adenosine in the control of brain disorders; thus, A1R mostly act as a hurdle that needs to be overcame to begin neurodegeneration and, accordingly, A1R only effectively control neurodegeneration if activated in the temporal vicinity of brain insults; in contrast, the blockade of A2AR alleviates the long-term burden of brain disorders in different neurodegenerative conditions such as ischemia, epilepsy, Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease and also seem to afford benefits in some psychiatric conditions. In spite of this qualitative agreement between neuromodulation and neuroprotection by A1R and A2AR, it is still unclear if the role of A1R and A2AR in the control of neuroprotection is mostly due to the control of glutamatergic transmission, or if it is instead due to the different homeostatic roles of these receptors related with the control of metabolism, of neuron-glia communication, of neuroinflammation, of neurogenesis or of the control of action of growth factors. In spite of this current mechanistic uncertainty, it seems evident that targeting adenosine receptors might indeed constitute a novel strategy to control the demise of different neurological and psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina V Gomes
- Center for Neurosciences of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Lusardi TA. Adenosine neuromodulation and traumatic brain injury. Curr Neuropharmacol 2010; 7:228-37. [PMID: 20190964 PMCID: PMC2769006 DOI: 10.2174/157015909789152137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2009] [Revised: 05/18/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is a ubiquitous signaling molecule, with widespread activity across all organ systems. There is evidence that adenosine regulation is a significant factor in traumatic brain injury (TBI) onset, recovery, and outcome, and a growing body of experimental work examining the therapeutic potential of adenosine neuromodulation in the treatment of TBI. In the central nervous system (CNS), adenosine (dys)regulation has been demonstrated following TBI, and correlated to several TBI pathologies, including impaired cerebral hemodynamics, anaerobic metabolism, and inflammation. In addition to acute pathologies, adenosine function has been implicated in TBI comorbidities, such as cognitive deficits, psychiatric function, and post-traumatic epilepsy. This review presents studies in TBI as well as adenosine-related mechanisms in co-morbidities of and unfavorable outcomes resulting from TBI. While the exact role of the adenosine system following TBI remains unclear, there is increasing evidence that a thorough understanding of adenosine signaling will be critical to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic tools for the treatment of TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Lusardi
- R. S. Dow Neurobiology Laboratory, Portland OR, USA.
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Abstract
Despite major advances in a variety of neuroscientific research fields, the majority of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases are poorly controlled by currently available drugs, which are largely based on a neurocentric drug design. Research from the past 5 years has established a central role of glia to determine how neurons function and, consequently, glial dysfunction is implicated in almost every neurodegenerative and neurological disease. Glial cells are key regulators of the brain's endogenous neuroprotectant and anticonvulsant adenosine. This review will summarize how glial cells contribute to adenosine homeostasis and how glial adenosine receptors affect glial function. We will then move on to discuss how glial cells interact with neurons and the vasculature, and outline new methods to study glial function. We will discuss how glial control of adenosine function affects neuronal cell death, and its implications for epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, ischemia, and Parkinson's disease. Eventually, glial adenosine-modulating drug targets might be an attractive alternative for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. There are, however, several major open questions that remain to be tackled.
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