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Nishi K, Imamura I, Hoashi K, Kiyama R, Mitsuiki S. Estrogenic Prenylated Flavonoids in Sophora flavescens. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:204. [PMID: 38397194 PMCID: PMC10887985 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Sophora flavescens is a medicinal herb distributed widely in Japan and it has been used to treat various diseases and symptoms. To explore its pharmacological use, we examined the estrogenic activity of four prenylated flavonoids, namely kurarinone, kushenols A and I, and sophoraflavanone G, which are characterized by the lavandulyl group at position 8 of ring A, but have variations in the hydroxyl group at positions 3 (ring C), 5 (ring A) and 4' (ring B). These prenylated flavonoids were examined via cell proliferation assays using sulforhodamine B, Western blotting, and RT-PCR, corresponding to cell, protein, and transcription assays, respectively, based on estrogen action mechanisms. All the assays employed here found weak but clear estrogenic activities for the prenylated flavonoids examined. Furthermore, the activities were inhibited by an estrogen receptor antagonist, suggesting that the activities were likely being mediated by the estrogen receptors. However, there were differences in the activity, attributable to the hydroxyl group at position 4', which is absent in kushenol A. While the estrogenic activity of kurarinone and sophoraflavanone G has been reported before, to the best of our knowledge, there are no such reports on kushenols A and I. Therefore, this study represents the first report of their estrogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shinji Mitsuiki
- Faculty of Life Science, Kyushu Sangyo University, Fukuoka 813-8503, Japan; (K.N.); (I.I.); (K.H.); (R.K.)
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2
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Zhang B, Li W, Cao J, Zhou Y, Yuan X. Prohibitin 2: A key regulator of cell function. Life Sci 2024; 338:122371. [PMID: 38142736 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The PHB2 gene is located on chromosome 12p13 and encodes prohibitin 2, a highly conserved protein of 37 kDa. PHB2 is a dimer with antiparallel coils, possessing a unique negatively charged region crucial for its mitochondrial molecular chaperone functions. Thus, PHB2 plays a significant role in cell life activities such as mitosis, mitochondrial autophagy, signal transduction, and cell death. This review discusses how PHB2 inhibits transcription factors or nuclear receptors to maintain normal cell functions; how PHB2 in the cytoplasm or membrane ensures normal cell mitosis and regulates cell differentiation; how PHB2 affects mitochondrial structure, function, and cell apoptosis through mitochondrial intimal integrity and mitochondrial autophagy; how PHB2 affects mitochondrial stress and inhibits cell apoptosis by regulating cytochrome c migration and other pathways; how PHB2 affects cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis through a mitochondrial independent mechanism; and how PHB2 could be applied in disease treatment. We provide a theoretical basis and an innovative perspective for a comprehensive understanding of the role and mechanism of PHB2 in cell function regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjie Zhang
- Gastroenterology and Urology Department II, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wentao Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jiaying Cao
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
| | - Xia Yuan
- Gastroenterology and Urology Department II, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
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3
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Czigle S, Nagy M, Mladěnka P, Tóth J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions-part I. Herbal medicines of the central nervous system. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16149. [PMID: 38025741 PMCID: PMC10656908 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike conventional drug substances, herbal medicines are composed of a complex of biologically active compounds. Therefore, the potential occurrence of herb-drug interactions is even more probable than for drug-drug interactions. Interactions can occur on both the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic level. Herbal medicines may affect the resulting efficacy of the concomitantly used (synthetic) drugs, mainly on the pharmacokinetic level, by changing their absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Studies on the pharmacodynamic interactions of herbal medicines and conventional drugs are still very limited. This interaction level is related to the mechanism of action of different plant constituents. Herb-drug interactions can cause changes in drug levels and activities and lead to therapeutic failure and/or side effects (sometimes toxicities, even fatal). This review aims to provide a summary of recent information on the potential drug interactions involving commonly used herbal medicines that affect the central nervous system (Camellia, Valeriana, Ginkgo, Hypericum, Humulus, Cannabis) and conventional drugs. The survey databases were used to identify primary scientific publications, case reports, and secondary databases on interactions were used later on as well. Search keywords were based on plant names (botanical genera), officinal herbal drugs, herbal drug preparations, herbal drug extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Czigle
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Milan Nagy
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Přemysl Mladěnka
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Tóth
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - the OEMONOM.
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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4
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Michalkova R, Mirossay L, Kello M, Mojzisova G, Baloghova J, Podracka A, Mojzis J. Anticancer Potential of Natural Chalcones: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10354. [PMID: 37373500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no doubt that significant progress has been made in tumor therapy in the past decades. However, the discovery of new molecules with potential antitumor properties still remains one of the most significant challenges in the field of anticancer therapy. Nature, especially plants, is a rich source of phytochemicals with pleiotropic biological activities. Among a plethora of phytochemicals, chalcones, the bioprecursors of flavonoid and isoflavonoids synthesis in higher plants, have attracted attention due to the broad spectrum of biological activities with potential clinical applications. Regarding the antiproliferative and anticancer effects of chalcones, multiple mechanisms of action including cell cycle arrest, induction of different forms of cell death and modulation of various signaling pathways have been documented. This review summarizes current knowledge related to mechanisms of antiproliferative and anticancer effects of natural chalcones in different types of malignancies including breast cancers, cancers of the gastrointestinal tract, lung cancers, renal and bladder cancers, and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radka Michalkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kello
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Gabriela Mojzisova
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Janette Baloghova
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Anna Podracka
- Department of Dermatovenerology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jan Mojzis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
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Svolacchia F, Brongo S, Catalano A, Ceccarini A, Svolacchia L, Santarsiere A, Scieuzo C, Salvia R, Finelli F, Milella L, Saturnino C, Sinicropi MS, Fabrizio T, Giuzio F. Natural Products for the Prevention, Treatment and Progression of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112981. [PMID: 37296944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize the most used natural products as useful adjuvants in BC by clarifying how these products may play a critical role in the prevention, treatment and progression of this disease. BC is the leading cancer, in terms of incidence, that affects women. The epidemiology and pathophysiology of BC were widely reported. Inflammation and cancer are known to influence each other in several tumors. In the case of BC, the inflammatory component precedes the development of the neoplasm through a slowly increasing and prolonged inflammation that also favors its growth. BC therapy involves a multidisciplinary approach comprising surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There are numerous observations that showed that the effects of some natural substances, which, in integration with the classic protocols, can be used not only for prevention or integration in order to prevent recurrences and induce a state of chemoquiescence but also as chemo- and radiosensitizers during classic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiano Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
- Department of Medical Sciences, Policlinic Foundation Tor Vergata University, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Brongo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Salerno, 84131 Campania, Italy
| | - Alessia Catalano
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Agostino Ceccarini
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
| | - Lorenzo Svolacchia
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, La Sapienza University, 00118 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santarsiere
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- CNRS, UMR 7042-LIMA, ECPM, Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Carmen Scieuzo
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Rosanna Salvia
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff XFlies s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | | | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Carmela Saturnino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Stefania Sinicropi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Fabrizio
- Department of Plastic Surgery, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Federica Giuzio
- U.O.C. Primary Care and Territorial Health, Social and Health Department, State Hospital, 47893 San Marino, San Marino
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
- Spinoff TNcKILLERS s.r.l., University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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Qi A, Lamont L, Liu E, Murray SD, Meng X, Yang S. Essential Protein PHB2 and Its Regulatory Mechanisms in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081211. [PMID: 37190120 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Prohibitins (PHBs) are a highly conserved class of proteins and have an essential role in transcription, epigenetic regulation, nuclear signaling, mitochondrial structural integrity, cell division, and cellular membrane metabolism. Prohibitins form a heterodimeric complex, consisting of two proteins, prohibitin 1 (PHB1) and prohibitin 2 (PHB2). They have been discovered to have crucial roles in regulating cancer and other metabolic diseases, functioning both together and independently. As there have been many previously published reviews on PHB1, this review focuses on the lesser studied prohibitin, PHB2. The role of PHB2 in cancer is controversial. In most human cancers, overexpressed PHB2 enhances tumor progression, while in some cancers, it suppresses tumor progression. In this review, we focus on (1) the history, family, and structure of prohibitins, (2) the essential location-dependent functions of PHB2, (3) dysfunction in cancer, and (4) the promising modulators to target PHB2. At the end, we discuss future directions and the clinical significance of this common essential gene in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Qi
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lillie Lamont
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Evelyn Liu
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sarina D Murray
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xiangbing Meng
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Shujie Yang
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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7
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Estrogenic flavonoids and their molecular mechanisms of action. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109250. [PMID: 36509337 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a major group of phytoestrogens associated with physiological effects, and ecological and social impacts. Although the estrogenic activity of flavonoids was reported by researchers in the fields of medical, environmental and food studies, their molecular mechanisms of action have not been comprehensively reviewed. The estrogenic activity of the respective classes of flavonoids, anthocyanidins/anthocyanins, 2-arylbenzofurans/3-arylcoumarins/α-methyldeoxybenzoins, aurones/chalcones/dihydrochalcones, coumaronochromones, coumestans, flavans/flavan-3-ols/flavan-4-ols, flavanones/dihydroflavonols, flavones/flavonols, homoisoflavonoids, isoflavans, isoflavanones, isoflavenes, isoflavones, neoflavonoids, oligoflavonoids, pterocarpans/pterocarpenes, and rotenone/rotenoids, was summarized through a comprehensive literature search, and their structure-activity relationship, biological activities, signaling pathways, and applications were discussed. Although the respective classes of flavonoids contained at least one chemical mimicking estrogen, the mechanisms varied, such as those with estrogenic, anti-estrogenic, non-estrogenic, and biphasic activities, and additional activities through crosstalk/bypassing, which exert biological activities through cell signaling pathways. Such mechanistic variations of estrogen action are not limited to flavonoids and are observed among other broad categories of chemicals, thus this group of chemicals can be termed as the "estrogenome". This review article focuses on the connection of estrogen action mainly between the outer and the inner environments, which represent variations of chemicals and biological activities/signaling pathways, respectively, and form the basis to understand their applications. The applications of chemicals will markedly progress due to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence for precision medicine, which is also true of the study of the estrogenome including estrogenic flavonoids.
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8
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Lacerda PA, Oenning LC, Bellato GC, Lopes-Santos L, Antunes NDJ, Mariz BALA, Teixeira G, Vasconcelos R, Simões GF, de Souza IA, Pinto CAL, Salo T, Coletta RD, Augusto TM, de Oliveira CE, Cervigne NK. Polypodium leucotomos targets multiple aspects of oral carcinogenesis and it is a potential antitumor phytotherapy against tongue cancer growth. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1098374. [PMID: 36686704 PMCID: PMC9849903 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1098374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oral cancer refers to malignant tumors, of which 90% are squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). These malignancies exhibit rapid progression, poor prognosis, and often mutilating therapeutical approaches. The determination of a prophylactic and/or therapeutic antitumor role of the polyphenolic extract Polypodium leucotomos(PL) would be relevant in developing new tools for prevention and treatment. Methods: We aimed to determine the antitumor effect of PL by treating OSCC cell lines with PL metabolites and evaluating its action during OSCC progression in vivo. Results: PL treatment successfully impaired cell cycling and proliferation, migration, and invasion, enhanced apoptosis, and modulated macrophage polarization associated with the tumoral immune-inflammatory response of tongue cancer cell lines (TSCC). PL treatment significantly decreased the expression of MMP1 (p < 0.01) and MMP2 (p < 0.001), and increased the expression of TIMP1 (p < 0.001) and TIMP2 (p < 0.0001) in these cells. The mesenchymal-epithelial transition phenotype was promoted in cells treated with PL, through upregulation of E-CAD (p < 0.001) and reduction of N-CAD (p < 0.05). PL restrained OSCC progression in vivo by inhibiting tumor volume growth and decreasing the number of severe dysplasia lesions and squamous cell carcinomas. Ki-67 was significantly higher expressed in tongue tissues of animals not treated with PL(p < 0.05), and a notable reduction in Bcl2 (p < 0.05) and Pcna (p < 0.05) cell proliferation-associated genes was found in dysplastic lesions and TSCCs of PL-treated mice. Finally, N-cad(Cdh2), Vim, and Twist were significantly reduced in tongue tissues treated with PL. Conclusion: PL significantly decreased OSCC carcinogenic processes in vitro and inhibited tumor progression in vivo. PL also appears to contribute to the modulation of immune-inflammatory oral tumor-associated responses. Taken together, these results suggest that PL plays an important antitumor role in processes associated with oral carcinogenesis and may be a potential phytotherapeutic target for the prevention and/or adjuvant treatment of TSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pammela A. Lacerda
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Luan C. Oenning
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Cuoghi Bellato
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Lucilene Lopes-Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela Teixeira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | - Rafael Vasconcelos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil
| | | | - Ivani Aparecida de Souza
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Clóvis Antônio Lopes Pinto
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Morphology and Basic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tuula Salo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ricardo D. Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil,Graduate Program in Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Taize M. Augusto
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carine Ervolino de Oliveira
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil,Graduate Program in Biological Science, Universidade Federal de Alfenas (UNIFAL), Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Nilva K. Cervigne
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Cell Culture (LBMCC), Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), Jundiaí, Brazil,Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Jundiaí (FMJ), São Paulo, Brazil,*Correspondence: Nilva K. Cervigne,
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Gupta KK, Sharma KK, Chandra H, Panwar H, Bhardwaj N, Altwaijry NA, Alsfouk AA, Dlamini Z, Afzal O, Altamimi ASA, Khan S, Mishra AP. The integrative bioinformatics approaches to predict the xanthohumol as anti-breast cancer molecule: Targeting cancer cells signaling PI3K and AKT kinase pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:950835. [PMID: 36591523 PMCID: PMC9798915 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.950835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women, and vast research is being conducted throughout the world for the treatment of this malignancy by natural products using various computational approaches. Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid, is known for its anticancer activity; however, the mechanism behind its action is still in the preliminary stage. Methods The current study aimed to analyze the efficacy of xanthohumol compared to the currently available anticancer drugs targeting phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine kinase (AKT) receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) for breast cancer treatment through in silico analysis. Results The result revealed that the target compound showed significant binding affinity to targets within the PI3K, AKT, and HER2 signaling pathways with a binding energy of -7.5, -7.9, and -7.9 kcal/mol, respectively. Further prediction studies were then made concerning this compound's absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) as well as drug-likeness properties, resulting in its oral bioavailability with only a single violation of Lipinski's rule of five. Conclusions The finding revealed the ability of xanthohumol to bind with multiple cancer cell signaling molecules including PI3K, AKT kinase, and HER2. The current novel study opened the door to advancing research into the management and treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kartikey Kumar Gupta
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kamal Kant Sharma
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India,*Correspondence: Kamal Kant Sharma, ; Abhay Prakash Mishra, ; Shahanavaj Khan,
| | - Harish Chandra
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Himalaya Panwar
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nitin Bhardwaj
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Science, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Najla A. Altwaijry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A. Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zodwa Dlamini
- SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), DSI/NRF SARChI Chair in Precision Oncology and Cancer Prevention (POCP), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Obaid Afzal
- 4SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Abdulmalik S. A. Altamimi
- 4SAMRC Precision Oncology Research Unit (PORU), Pan African Cancer Research Institute (PACRI), University of Pretoria, Hatfield, South Africa
| | - Shahanavaj Khan
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, Indian Institute of Health and Technology (IIHT), Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India,Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, Australia,Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Kamal Kant Sharma, ; Abhay Prakash Mishra, ; Shahanavaj Khan,
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Free State, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa,*Correspondence: Kamal Kant Sharma, ; Abhay Prakash Mishra, ; Shahanavaj Khan,
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10
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Vesaghhamedani S, Ebrahimzadeh F, Najafi E, Shabgah OG, Askari E, Shabgah AG, Mohammadi H, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Navashenaq JG. Xanthohumol: An underestimated, while potent and promising chemotherapeutic agent in cancer treatment. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 172:3-14. [PMID: 35405185 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Today, there is a growing interest nowadays in the use of herbal substances as cancer therapeutic agents. Over recent years, Xanthohumol (XTL) has been brought out as a prenylated chalcone that is found in hops (Humulus lupulus) and beer. XTL is being investigated for its potential properties, and it has been found to have various biological effects, including anti-microbial, anti-viral, and immunomodulatory. Other than these biological effects, it has also been found that XTL exerts anti-tumor effects. In the beginning, XTL, by modulating cell signaling pathways, including ERK, AKT, NF-κB, AMPK, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling in cancer cells, inhibits tumor cell functions. Moreover, XTL, by inducing apoptotic pathways, either intrinsic or extrinsic, promotes cancer cell death and arrests the cell cycle. Furthermore, XTL inhibits metastasis, angiogenesis, cancer stemness, drug resistance, cell respiration, etc., which results in tumor aggressiveness inhibition. XTL has low solubility in water, and it has been hypothesized that some modifications, including biotinylation, can improve its pharmacogenetic characteristics. Additionally, XTL derivates such as dihydroXTL and tetrahydroXTL can be helpful for more anti-tumor activities. Using XTL with other anti-tumor agents is another approach to overcome tumor cell resistance. XTL or its derivatives, it is believed, might provide novel chemotherapeutic methods in future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Vesaghhamedani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elnaz Najafi
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Omid Gohari Shabgah
- Parasitology Department, Medical Sciences Faculty, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Askari
- Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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11
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Mavra A, Petrou CC, Vlasiou MC. Ligand and Structure-Based Virtual Screening in Combination, to Evaluate Small Organic Molecules as Inhibitors for the XIAP Anti-Apoptotic Protein: The Xanthohumol Hypothesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154825. [PMID: 35956774 PMCID: PMC9369490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we propose two chalcone molecules, (E)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(p-tolyl) prop-2-en-1-one and (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl) prop-2-en-1-one, based on the anticancer bioactive molecule Xanthohumol, which are suitable for further in vitro and in vivo studies. Their ability to create stable complexes with the antiapoptotic X-linked IAP (XIAP) protein makes them promising anticancer agents. The calculations were based on ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening combined with the pharmacophore build. Additionally, the structures passed Lipinski’s rule for drug use, and their reactivity was confirmed using density functional theory studies. ADMET studies were also performed to reveal the pharmacokinetic potential of the compounds. The candidates were chosen from 10,639,400 compounds, and the docking protocols were evaluated using molecular dynamics simulations.
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12
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Spanu D, Pretta A, Lai E, Persano M, Donisi C, Mariani S, Dubois M, Migliari M, Saba G, Ziranu P, Pusceddu V, Puzzoni M, Astara G, Scartozzi M. Hepatocellular carcinoma and microbiota: Implications for clinical management and treatment. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1319-1332. [PMID: 36158925 PMCID: PMC9376771 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i7.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an essential role in host homeostasis. It is involved in several physiological processes such as nutrients digestion and absorption, maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity and immune system self-tolerance. Especially the gut microbiota is assumed to play a crucial role in many gastrointestinal, pancreatic and liver disorders. Its role in hepatic carcinogenesis is also gaining increasing interest, especially regarding the development of therapeutic strategies. Different studies are highlighting a link between some bacterial strains and liver disease, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Indeed, HCC represents an interesting field of research in this perspective, due to the gut-liver axis, to the implication of microbiota in the immune system and to the increasing number of immunotherapy agents investigated in this tumour. Thus, the assessment of the role of microbiota in influencing clinical outcome for patients treated with these drugs is becoming of increasing importance. Our review aims to give an overview on the relationship between microbiota and HCC development/progression and treatment. We focus on potential implications on the available treatment strategies and those under study in the various stages of disease. We highlight the pathogenic mechanisms and investigate the underlying molecular pathways involved. Moreover, we investigate the potential prognostic and/or predictive role of microbiota for target therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors and loco-regional treatment. Finally, given the limitation of current treatments, we analyze the gut microbiota-mediated therapies and its potential options for HCC treatment focusing on fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Spanu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Andrea Pretta
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Lai
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mara Persano
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Clelia Donisi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Mariani
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Dubois
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Migliari
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Saba
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Pina Ziranu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Valeria Pusceddu
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Puzzoni
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Astara
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mario Scartozzi
- Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital and University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042, Cagliari, Italy
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13
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Kores K, Kolenc Z, Furlan V, Bren U. Inverse Molecular Docking Elucidating the Anticarcinogenic Potential of the Hop Natural Product Xanthohumol and Its Metabolites. Foods 2022; 11:foods11091253. [PMID: 35563976 PMCID: PMC9104229 DOI: 10.3390/foods11091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural products from plants exert a promising potential to act as antioxidants, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic agents. Xanthohumol, a natural compound from hops, is indeed known for its anticarcinogenic properties. Xanthohumol is converted into three metabolites: isoxanthohumol (non-enzymatically) as well as 8- and 6-prenylnaringenin (enzymatically). An inverse molecular docking approach was applied to xanthohumol and its three metabolites to discern their potential protein targets. The aim of our study was to disclose the potential protein targets of xanthohumol and its metabolites in order to expound on the potential anticarcinogenic mechanisms of xanthohumol based on the found target proteins. The investigated compounds were docked into the predicted binding sites of all human protein structures from the Protein Data Bank, and the best docking poses were examined. Top scoring human protein targets with successfully docked compounds were identified, and their experimental connection with the anticarcinogenic function or cancer was investigated. The obtained results were carefully checked against the existing experimental findings from the scientific literature as well as further validated using retrospective metrics. More than half of the human protein targets of xanthohumol with the highest docking scores have already been connected with the anticarcinogenic function, and four of them (including two important representatives of the matrix metalloproteinase family, MMP-2 and MMP-9) also have a known experimental correlation with xanthohumol. Another important protein target is acyl-protein thioesterase 2, to which xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, and 6-prenylnaringenin were successfully docked with the lowest docking scores. Moreover, the results for the metabolites show that their most promising protein targets are connected with the anticarcinogenic function as well. We firmly believe that our study can help to elucidate the anticarcinogenic mechanisms of xanthohumol and its metabolites as after consumption, all four compounds can be simultaneously present in the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Kores
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (Z.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Zala Kolenc
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (Z.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Veronika Furlan
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (Z.K.); (V.F.)
| | - Urban Bren
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Thermodynamics, Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (K.K.); (Z.K.); (V.F.)
- Department of Applied Natural Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, Glagoljaška 8, SI-6000 Koper, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-2-229-4421
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14
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Khan MI, Bouyahya A, Hachlafi NEL, Menyiy NE, Akram M, Sultana S, Zengin G, Ponomareva L, Shariati MA, Ojo OA, Dall'Acqua S, Elebiyo TC. Anticancer properties of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds against breast cancer: a review on recent investigations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:24411-24444. [PMID: 35064485 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common and recurring diseases and the second leading cause of death in women. Despite prevention, diagnostics, and therapeutic options such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, the number of occurrences increases every year. Therefore, novel therapeutic drugs targeting specifically different checkpoints should be developed against breast cancer. Among drugs that can be developed to treat breast cancer, natural products, such as plant-derived compounds, showed significant anti-breast cancer properties. These substances belong to different chemical classes such as flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolic acids, and alkaloids. They exert their in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activities against breast cancer cell lines via different mechanisms, including the inhibition of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways, the arrest of the cell cycle, and the activation of autophagy. Moreover, they also exhibit anti-angiogenesis and antimetastatic action. Moreover, chemoprevention effects of these bioactive compounds were signaled only for certain drugs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to highlight the pharmacological actions of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds on breast cancer. Moreover, the role of these substances in breast cancer chemoprevention was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Idrees Khan
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - Naoufal E L Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Imouzzer Road, P.O. Box-2002, Fez, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Pharmacology & Environmental Health, Fez, Morocco
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sabira Sultana
- Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University, Campus, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Lilya Ponomareva
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation
| | - Mohammad Ali Shariati
- K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (the First Cossack University), 73 Zemlyanoy Val, Moscow, 109004, Russian Federation
| | | | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131, Padova, Italy.
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15
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Torrens-Mas M, Alorda-Clara M, Martínez-Vigara M, Roca P, Sastre-Serra J, Oliver J, Pons DG. Xanthohumol reduces inflammation and cell metabolism in HT29 primary colon cancer cells. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:471-479. [PMID: 34879764 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.2012561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN) is a prenylated flavonoid known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and has been studied as an anti-cancer agent. In this study, we aimed at analysing the effect of XN on a primary colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, HT29, on cell viability, inflammatory and antioxidant gene expression, and metabolism. For this purpose, cells were treated with 10 nM and 10 µM XN, and cell viability, H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation and gene expression of inflammatory, antioxidant, and mitochondrial-related genes, as well as protein levels of metabolic enzymes, were determined. Results showed no significant effects on cell viability and a general decrease in pro-inflammatory, antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenesis gene expression with the lower concentration of XN. Furthermore, glucose and oxidative metabolism enzymes were also reduced. These results suggest that XN treatment, at low doses, could stop the proliferation and progression of HT29 cells by downregulating inflammatory signals and cell metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margalida Torrens-Mas
- Translational Research in Aging and Longevity (TRIAL) Group, Vascular and Metabolic Pathologies Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.,Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marina Alorda-Clara
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Martínez-Vigara
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain
| | - Pilar Roca
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Sastre-Serra
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Oliver
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain.,Ciber Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CB06/03), Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Gabriel Pons
- Grupo Multidisciplinar de Oncología Traslacional, Institut Universitari d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS) Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de las Islas Baleares (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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16
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Kumar G, Du B, Chen J. Effects and mechanisms of dietary bioactive compounds on breast cancer prevention. Pharmacol Res 2021; 178:105974. [PMID: 34818569 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most often diagnosed cancer among females globally and has become an increasing global health issue over the last decades. Despite the substantial improvement in screening methods for initial diagnosis, effective therapy remains lacking. Still, there has been high recurrence and disease progression after treatment of surgery, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Considering this view, there is a crucial requirement to develop safe, freely accessible, and effective anticancer therapy for BC. The dietary bioactive compounds as auspicious anticancer agents have been recognized to be active and their implications in the treatment of BC with negligible side effects. Hence, this review focused on various dietary bioactive compounds as potential therapeutic agents in the prevention and treatment of BC with the mechanisms of action. Bioactive compounds have chemo-preventive properties as they inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells, downregulate the expression of estrogen receptors, and cell cycle arrest by inducing apoptotic settings in tumor cells. Therapeutic drugs or natural compounds generally incorporate engineered nanoparticles with ideal sizes, shapes, and enhance their solubility, circulatory half-life, and biodistribution. All data of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies of dietary bioactive compounds and their impact on BC were collected from Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The data of chemopreventive and anticancer activity of dietary bioactive compounds were collected and orchestrated in a suitable place in the review. These shreds of data will be extremely beneficial to recognize a series of additional diet-derived bioactive compounds to treat BC with the lowest side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Kumar
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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17
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Belser M, Walker DW. Role of Prohibitins in Aging and Therapeutic Potential Against Age-Related Diseases. Front Genet 2021; 12:714228. [PMID: 34868199 PMCID: PMC8636131 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.714228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A decline in mitochondrial function has long been associated with age-related health decline. Several lines of evidence suggest that interventions that stimulate mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) can slow aging and prolong healthy lifespan. Prohibitins (PHB1 and PHB2) assemble at the mitochondrial inner membrane and are critical for mitochondrial homeostasis. In addition, prohibitins (PHBs) have diverse roles in cell and organismal biology. Here, we will discuss the role of PHBs in mitophagy, oxidative phosphorylation, cellular senescence, and apoptosis. We will also discuss the role of PHBs in modulating lifespan. In addition, we will review the links between PHBs and diseases of aging. Finally, we will discuss the emerging concept that PHBs may represent an attractive therapeutic target to counteract aging and age-onset disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misa Belser
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - David W. Walker
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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18
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Hong K, Wang L, Johnpaul A, Lv C, Ma C. Key Enzymes Involved in the Synthesis of Hops Phytochemical Compounds: From Structure, Functions to Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9373. [PMID: 34502286 PMCID: PMC8430942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Humulus lupulus L. is an essential source of aroma compounds, hop bitter acids, and xanthohumol derivatives mainly exploited as flavourings in beer brewing and with demonstrated potential for the treatment of certain diseases. To acquire a comprehensive understanding of the biosynthesis of these compounds, the primary enzymes involved in the three major pathways of hops' phytochemical composition are herein critically summarized. Hops' phytochemical components impart bitterness, aroma, and antioxidant activity to beers. The biosynthesis pathways have been extensively studied and enzymes play essential roles in the processes. Here, we introduced the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of hop bitter acids, monoterpenes and xanthohumol derivatives, including the branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT), branched-chain keto-acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH), carboxyl CoA ligase (CCL), valerophenone synthase (VPS), prenyltransferase (PT), 1-deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase (HDR), Geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS), monoterpene synthase enzymes (MTS), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), chalcone synthase (CHS_H1), chalcone isomerase (CHI)-like proteins (CHIL), and O-methyltransferase (OMT1). Furthermore, research advancements of each enzyme in terms of reaction conditions, substrate recognition, enzyme structures, and use in engineered microbes are described in depth. Hence, an extensive review of the key enzymes involved in the phytochemical compounds of hops will provide fundamentals for their applications in beer production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua Donglu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.H.); (L.W.); (A.J.)
| | - Changwei Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, 17 Qinghua Donglu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China; (K.H.); (L.W.); (A.J.)
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19
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Girisa S, Saikia Q, Bordoloi D, Banik K, Monisha J, Daimary UD, Verma E, Ahn KS, Kunnumakkara AB. Xanthohumol from Hop: Hope for cancer prevention and treatment. IUBMB Life 2021; 73:1016-1044. [PMID: 34170599 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major public health concern due to high mortality and poor quality of life of patients. Despite the availability of advanced therapeutic interventions, most treatment modalities are not efficacious, very expensive, and cause several adverse side effects. The factors such as drug resistance, lack of specificity, and low efficacy of the cancer drugs necessitate developing alternative strategies for the prevention and treatment of this disease. Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone present in Hop (Humulus lupulus), has been found to possess prominent activities against aging, diabetes, inflammation, microbial infection, and cancer. Thus, this manuscript thoroughly reviews the literature on the anti-cancer properties of XN and its various molecular targets. XN was found to exert its inhibitory effect on the growth and proliferation of cancer cells via modulation of multiple signaling pathways such as Akt, AMPK, ERK, IGFBP2, NF-κB, and STAT3, and also modulates various proteins such as Notch1, caspases, MMPs, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, oxidative stress markers, tumor-suppressor proteins, and miRNAs. Thus, these reports suggest that XN possesses enormous therapeutic potential against various cancers and could be potentially used as a multi-targeted anti-cancer agent with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Queen Saikia
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Devivasha Bordoloi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Javadi Monisha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Elika Verma
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, South Korea
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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20
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Sławińska-Brych A, Mizerska-Kowalska M, Król SK, Stepulak A, Zdzisińska B. Xanthohumol Impairs the PMA-Driven Invasive Behaviour of Lung Cancer Cell Line A549 and Exerts Anti-EMT Action. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061484. [PMID: 34204745 PMCID: PMC8231538 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN), the main prenylated flavonoid from hop cones, has been recently reported to exert significant proapoptotic, anti-proliferative, and growth inhibitory effects against lung cancer in both in vitro and in vivo studies. However, its anti-metastatic potential towards this malignancy is still unrevealed. Previously, we indicated that the human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line was sensitive to XN treatment. Therefore, using the same tumour cell model, we have studied the influence of XN on the phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced cell migration and invasion. The effects of XN on the expression/activity of pro-invasive MMP-9 and MMP-2 and the expression of MMP inhibitors, i.e., TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 (anti-angiogenic factors), were evaluated. Additionally, the influence of XN on the production of the key pro-angiogenic cytokine, i.e., VEGF, and the release of TGF-β, which is both a pro-angiogenic cytokine and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) stimulator, was studied. Furthermore, the influence of XN on the expression of EMT-associated proteins such as E-cadherin and α-E-catenin (epithelial markers), vimentin and N-cadherin (mesenchymal markers), and Snail-1 (transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin) was studied. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underpinning the XN-mediated inhibition of metastatic progression in PMA-activated cells, the phosphorylation levels of AKT, FAK, and ERK1/2 kinases, which are signalling molecules involved in EMT program activation, were assayed. The results showed that XN in non-cytotoxic concentrations impaired the PMA-driven migratory and invasive capacity of A549 cells by decreasing the level of expression of MMP-9 and concomitantly increasing the expression of the TIMP-1 protein, i.e., a specific blocker of pro-MMP-9 activation. Moreover, XN decreased the PMA-induced production of VEGF and TGF-β. Furthermore, the XN-treatment counteracted the PMA-induced EMT of the A549 cells by the upregulation of E-cadherin and α-E-catenin and the downregulation of N-cadherin, vimentin, and Snail-1 expression. The proposed mechanism underlying the anti-invasive XN activity involved the inhibition of the ERK/MAPK pathway and suppression of FAK and PI3/AKT signalling. Our results suggesting migrastatic properties of XN against lung cancer cells require further verification in in vivo assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-537-59-04
| | - Magdalena Mizerska-Kowalska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Sylwia Katarzyna Król
- Laboratory of Neuro-oncology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; (M.M.-K.); (B.Z.)
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21
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Activation of the Integrated Stress Response and ER Stress Protect from Fluorizoline-Induced Apoptosis in HEK293T and U2OS Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116117. [PMID: 34204139 PMCID: PMC8201103 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The prohibitin (PHB)-binding compound fluorizoline as well as PHB-downregulation activate the integrated stress response (ISR) in HEK293T and U2OS human cell lines. This activation is denoted by phosphorylation of eIF2α and increases in ATF4, ATF3, and CHOP protein levels. The blockage of the activation of the ISR by overexpression of GRP78, as well as an increase in IRE1 activity, indicate the presence of ER stress after fluorizoline treatment. The inhibition of the ER stress response in HEK293T and U2OS led to increased sensitivity to fluorizoline-induced apoptosis, indicating a pro-survival role of this pathway after fluorizoline treatment in these cell lines. Fluorizoline induced an increase in calcium concentration in the cytosol and the mitochondria. Finally, two different calcium chelators reduced fluorizoline-induced apoptosis in U2OS cells. Thus, we have found that fluorizoline causes increased ER stress and activation of the integrated stress response, which in HEK293T and U2OS cells are protective against fluorizoline-induced apoptosis.
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22
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Bertolin G, Alves-Guerra MC, Cheron A, Burel A, Prigent C, Le Borgne R, Tramier M. Mitochondrial Aurora kinase A induces mitophagy by interacting with MAP1LC3 and Prohibitin 2. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/6/e202000806. [PMID: 33820826 PMCID: PMC8046421 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The multifunctional Ser/Thr kinase AURKA uses the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane receptor PHB2 and MAP1LC3 as a signalling platform to orchestrate the elimination of dysfunctional mitochondria. Epithelial and haematologic tumours often show the overexpression of the serine/threonine kinase AURKA. Recently, AURKA was shown to localise at mitochondria, where it regulates mitochondrial dynamics and ATP production. Here we define the molecular mechanisms of AURKA in regulating mitochondrial turnover by mitophagy. AURKA triggers the degradation of Inner Mitochondrial Membrane/matrix proteins by interacting with core components of the autophagy pathway. On the inner mitochondrial membrane, the kinase forms a tripartite complex with MAP1LC3 and the mitophagy receptor PHB2, which triggers mitophagy in a PARK2/Parkin–independent manner. The formation of the tripartite complex is induced by the phosphorylation of PHB2 on Ser39, which is required for MAP1LC3 to interact with PHB2. Last, treatment with the PHB2 ligand xanthohumol blocks AURKA-induced mitophagy by destabilising the tripartite complex and restores normal ATP production levels. Altogether, these data provide evidence for a role of AURKA in promoting mitophagy through the interaction with PHB2 and MAP1LC3. This work paves the way to the use of function-specific pharmacological inhibitors to counteract the effects of the overexpression of AURKA in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bertolin
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Clotilde Alves-Guerra
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Angélique Cheron
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Burel
- University of Rennes, MRic CNRS, INSERM, Structure Fédérative de Recherche (SFR) Biosit, UMS 3480, Rennes, France
| | - Claude Prigent
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Roland Le Borgne
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
| | - Marc Tramier
- University of Rennes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), (IGDR) Genetics and Development Institute of Rennes, Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 6290, Rennes, France
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23
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Wen L, Zhou T, Jiang Y, Chang SK, Yang B. Prenylated flavonoids in foods and their applications on cancer prevention. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:5067-5080. [PMID: 33543993 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1881437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Functional foods play an important role in health care and chronic diseases prevention, particularly cancer. Prenylated flavonoids are presented in many food resources. They are recognized as neutraceuticals due to their diverse health benefits. Up to now, more than 1000 prenylated flavonoids have been identified in plants. Their food resources are reviewed in this paper. Due to the good safety and cancer prevention effect of prenylated flavonoids, this paper reviews the cancer prevention activities and mechanisms reported in last decade. The structure-activity relationship is discussed. Due to the limited availability in nature, the heterologously biosynthetic technique of prenylated flavonoids is discussed in this review. Inclusion of dietary prenylated flavonoids into human diet is highly desirable. This paper combines the up-to-date information and give a clear image regarding prenylated flavonoids as neutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingrong Wen
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Horticulture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Horticulture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sui Kiat Chang
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Department of Horticulture, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Horticulture, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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24
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Joukar F, Mavaddati S, Mansour-Ghanaei F, Samadani AA. Gut Microbiota as a Positive Potential Therapeutic Factor in Carcinogenesis: an Overview of Microbiota-Targeted Therapy. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 51:363-378. [PMID: 31025167 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-019-00237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer therapeutic methods comprising chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery are so routine in cancer treatment. Remarkably, there are several personal features which affect the effectiveness of such treatments including nutrition, microbiome diversity, and physical activity which has distinct significant roles during and after therapies along with their bilateral connections. In this way, the ability of gut microbiota36 in modulating the efficacy of chemotherapeutic medications in cancer and other types of disorders is of great importance. In addition, the role of dietary, probiotic, and synthetically engineered bacteria in manipulating and optimizing the gut microbiota is of interest. Conspicuously, the correlation between the commensal microbiota and also host can regulate the physiological activities comprising the immunity system and inflammatory agents and it is scanned in the category of cancers. Bacterial species have been employed in cancer therapy; commensal microbes posse a key beneficial role in this field. Practically, the microbiota has this potential to accelerate and modulates a certain response by priming in order to release the pro-inflammatory agents. We would like to discuss these vital factors in this review as gut microbiota has the potential to be the main option for personalized cancer treatment strategies in the future. Meaning, this novel data present clinical promising feasibilities of modulating cancer therapy with using microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Joukar
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Sara Mavaddati
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- GI Cancer Screening and Prevention Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. .,Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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25
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Tanwar AK, Dhiman N, Kumar A, Jaitak V. Engagement of phytoestrogens in breast cancer suppression: Structural classification and mechanistic approach. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 213:113037. [PMID: 33257172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's devastating disease, and breast cancer is the most common reason for the death of women worldwide. Many synthetic drugs and medications are provided with their beneficial actions, but all of these have side effects and resistance problems. Natural remedies are coming forward to overcome the disadvantages of synthetic drugs. Among the natural categories, phytoestrogens having a structural similarity of mammalian oestradiol proves its benefit with various mechanisms not only in the treatment of breast cancer but even to prevent the occurrence of postmenopausal symptoms. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived compounds that were utilized in ancient medications and traditional knowledge for its sex hormone properties. Phytoestrogens exert pleiotropic effects on cellular signalling and show effects on estrogen-dependent diseases. However, because of activation/inhibition of steroid hormonal receptor ER-α or ER-β, these compounds induce or inhibit steroid hormonal (estrogen) action and, therefore, have the potential to disrupt hormone (estrogen) signalling pathway. In this review, we have discussed and summarize the effect of certain phytoestrogens and their possible mechanisms that can substantiate advantageous benefits for the treatment of post-menopausal symptoms as well as for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Kumar Tanwar
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Neha Dhiman
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India
| | - Vikas Jaitak
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India.
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26
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Wang D, Tabti R, Elderwish S, Abou-Hamdan H, Djehal A, Yu P, Yurugi H, Rajalingam K, Nebigil CG, Désaubry L. Prohibitin ligands: a growing armamentarium to tackle cancers, osteoporosis, inflammatory, cardiac and neurological diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3525-3546. [PMID: 32062751 PMCID: PMC11104971 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03475-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the last three decades, the scaffold proteins prohibitins-1 and -2 (PHB1/2) have emerged as key signaling proteins regulating a myriad of signaling pathways in health and diseases. Small molecules targeting PHBs display promising effects against cancers, osteoporosis, inflammatory, cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides an updated overview of the various classes of PHB ligands, with an emphasis on their mechanism of action and therapeutic potential. We also describe how these ligands have been used to explore PHB signaling in different physiological and pathological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Redouane Tabti
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sabria Elderwish
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Hussein Abou-Hamdan
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Amel Djehal
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
- Superior National School Biotechnology Taoufik Khaznadar, Ville universitaire Ali Mendjeli, BP E66 25100, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Peng Yu
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Hajime Yurugi
- Cell Biology Unit, University Medical Center Mainz, JGU-Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Canan G Nebigil
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France
| | - Laurent Désaubry
- Sino-French Joint Lab of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China.
- Laboratory of Cardio-Oncology and Medicinal Chemistry (FRE 2033), CNRS, Institut Le Bel, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081, Strasbourg, France.
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27
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Shi Y, Li Q, Sun F, Zhu C, Ma S, Qin D, Li Q, Li T. Lamprey PHB2 maintains mitochondrial stability by tanslocation to the mitochondria under oxidative stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:613-621. [PMID: 32592929 PMCID: PMC7311904 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Before we have reported lamprey PHB2 could enhance the cellular oxidative-stressed tolerance, here the aim was to explore its mechanisms. We used flow cytometry analysis to identify a Lampetra morii homologue of PHB2 (Lm-PHB2) that could significantly decrease the levels of ROS generation in HEK293T cells. According to confocal microscopy observations, Lm-PHB2 contributed to maintain the mitochondrial morphology of HEK293T cells, and then both cellular nuclear location and translocation from the nucleus to mitochondria of Lm-PHB2 were also examined in HEK293T cells under oxidative stress. We also examined the expressions and locations of various Lm-PHB2 deletion mutants and the amino acid mutant by confocal microscopy and the results showed that the translocation of Lm-PHB2 into mitochondria was dependent on the Lm-PHB21-50aa region and the 17th, 48th and 57th three arginines (R) of N-terminal were very critical. In addition, the analyses of QRT-PCR and Western blot demonstrated that Lm-PHB2 increased the expression levels of OPA1 and HAX1 in HEK293T cells treated with H2O2. The analyses of immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation showed that Lm-PHB2 could interact with OPA1 and HAX1, respectively. The above mentioned results indicate that Lm-PHB2 could assist OPA1 and HAX1 to maintain mitochondrial morphology and decrease ROS levels by the translocation from the nucleus to mitochondria under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110169, China
| | - Feng Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China
| | - Chenyue Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Sainan Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Di Qin
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
| | - Tiesong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Drug Discovery, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, 116081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Marine Food Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, 116034, China.
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28
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Gieroba B, Arczewska M, Sławińska-Brych A, Rzeski W, Stepulak A, Gagoś M. Prostate and breast cancer cells death induced by xanthohumol investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 231:118112. [PMID: 32014658 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy was applied to detect in vitro cell death induced in prostate (PC-3) and breast (T47D) cancer cell lines treated with xanthohumol (XN). After incubation of the cancer cells with XN, specific spectral shifts in the infrared spectra arising from selected cellular components were identified that reflected biochemical changes characteristic for apoptosis and necrosis. Detailed analysis of specific absorbance intensity ratios revealed the compositional changes in the secondary structure of proteins and membrane lipids. In this study, for the first time we examined the changes in these molecular components and linked them to deduce the involvement of molecular mechanisms in the XN-induced death of the selected cancer cells. We showed that XN concentration-dependent changes were attributed to phospholipid ester carbonyl groups, especially in the case of T47D cells, suggesting that XN acts as an inhibitor of cell proliferation. Additionally, we observed distinct changes in the region assigned to the absorption of DNA, which were correlated with a specific marker of cell death and dependent on the XN dose and the type of cancer cells. The microscopic observation and flow cytometry analysis revealed that the decrease in cancer cell viability was mainly related to the induction of necrotic cell death. Moreover, the T47D cells were slightly more sensitive to XN than the PC-3 cells. Considering the results obtained, it can be assumed that apoptosis and necrosis induced by XN may contribute to the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic properties of this flavonoid against cancer cell lines PC-3 and T47D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gieroba
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Rzeski
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland; Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Rural Health in Lublin, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 1, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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29
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Dissection of Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Leaf, Bract, and Lupulin Gland in Hop ( Humulus lupulus L.). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010233. [PMID: 31905722 PMCID: PMC6981390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.) produces several valuable secondary metabolites, such as prenylflavonoid, bitter acids, and essential oils. These compounds are biosynthesized in glandular trichomes (lupulin glands) endowed with pharmacological properties and widely implicated in the beer brewing industry. The present study is an attempt to generate exhaustive information of transcriptome dynamics and gene regulatory mechanisms involved in biosynthesis and regulation of these compounds, developmental changes including trichome development at three development stages, namely leaf, bract, and mature lupulin glands. Using high-throughput RNA-Seq technology, a total of 61.13, 50.01, and 20.18 Mb clean reads in the leaf, bract, and lupulin gland libraries, respectively, were obtained and assembled into 43,550 unigenes. The putative functions were assigned to 30,996 transcripts (71.17%) based on basic local alignment search tool similarity searches against public sequence databases, including GO, KEGG, NR, and COG families, which indicated that genes are principally involved in fundamental cellular and molecular functions, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The expression levels of all unigenes were analyzed in leaf, bract, and lupulin glands tissues of hop. The expression profile of transcript encoding enzymes of BCAA metabolism, MEP, and shikimate pathway was most up-regulated in lupulin glands compared with leaves and bracts. Similarly, the expression levels of the transcription factors and structural genes that directly encode enzymes involved in xanthohumol, bitter acids, and terpenoids biosynthesis pathway were found to be significantly enhanced in lupulin glands, suggesting that production of these metabolites increases after the leaf development. In addition, numerous genes involved in primary metabolism, lipid metabolism, photosynthesis, generation of precursor metabolites/energy, protein modification, transporter activity, and cell wall component biogenesis were differentially regulated in three developmental stages, suggesting their involvement in the dynamics of the lupulin gland development. The identification of differentially regulated trichome-related genes provided a new foundation for molecular research on trichome development and differentiation in hop. In conclusion, the reported results provide directions for future functional genomics studies for genetic engineering or molecular breeding for augmentation of secondary metabolite content in hop.
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Chigira T, Nagatoishi S, Takeda H, Yoshimaru T, Katagiri T, Tsumoto K. Biophysical characterization of the breast cancer-related BIG3-PHB2 interaction: Effect of non-conserved loop region of BIG3 on the structure and the interaction. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:183-189. [PMID: 31421830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 3 (BIG3) interacts with and inhibits the tumor suppressor function of prohibitin-2 (PHB2), and recent in vivo studies have demonstrated that the BIG3-PHB2 interaction is a promising target for breast cancer therapy. However, little biophysical characterization on BIG3 and its interaction with PHB2 has been reported. Here we compared the calculated 8-class secondary structure of the N-terminal domains of BIG family proteins and identified a loop region unique to BIG3. Our biophysical characterization demonstrated that this loop region significantly affects the colloidal and thermodynamic stability of BIG3 and the thermodynamic and kinetic profile of its interaction with PHB2. These results establish a model for the BIG3-PHB2 interaction and an entry for drug discovery for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Chigira
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagatoishi
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Divison of Proteo-Drug-Discovery Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Bunkyocho 3, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yoshimaru
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Toyomasa Katagiri
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kouhei Tsumoto
- Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan; The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan.
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31
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Logan IE, Miranda CL, Lowry MB, Maier CS, Stevens JF, Gombart AF. Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Activity of Xanthohumol and Its Non-Estrogenic Derivatives in Colon and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20051203. [PMID: 30857300 PMCID: PMC6429097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20051203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated flavonoid found in hops, inhibits growth in a variety of cancer cell lines; however, its use raises concerns as gut microbiota and the host’s hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes metabolize it into the most potent phytoestrogen known, 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN). The XN derivatives dihydroxanthohumol (DXN) and tetrahydroxanthohumol (TXN) are not metabolized into 8-PN and they show higher tissue concentrations in vivo compared with XN when orally administered to mice at the same dose. Here we show that DXN and TXN possess improved anti-proliferative activity compared with XN in two colon (HCT116, HT29) and two hepatocellular (HepG2, Huh7) carcinoma cell lines, as indicated by their respective IC50 values. Furthermore, XN, DXN, and TXN induce extensive apoptosis in all these carcinoma cell lines. Finally, TXN induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in the colon carcinoma cell line HT29. Our findings suggest that DXN and TXN could show promise as therapeutic agents against colorectal and liver cancer in preclinical studies without the drawback of metabolism into a phytoestrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle E Logan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Cristobal L Miranda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Malcolm B Lowry
- Department of Microbiology, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Jan F Stevens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Adrian F Gombart
- Linus Pauling Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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Yang J, Wen L, Jiang Y, Yang B. Natural Estrogen Receptor Modulators and Their Heterologous Biosynthesis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:66-76. [PMID: 30527917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors (ERs) are transcription factors highly involved in physiological development and metabolism in the human body. They also play important roles in the treatment of cancer and metabolic diseases. Chemicals that interact with ERs can be used to treat diseases and maintain health. Phytoestrogens are natural chemicals that have been documented to possess significant ER modulatory activities. However, since phytoestrogens usually exist at low quantities in nature, heterologous biosynthesis techniques have quickly developed in recent years in order meet the demands for needed therapeutic amounts. In this review, the performance of phytoestrogens as ER modulators is described along with recent advances in biosynthesis techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingrong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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33
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Aichinger G, Beisl J, Marko D. The Hop Polyphenols Xanthohumol and 8-Prenyl-Naringenin Antagonize the Estrogenic Effects of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells. Front Nutr 2018; 5:85. [PMID: 30283786 PMCID: PMC6156369 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2018.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Fusarium toxin zearalenone (ZEN) and its reductive metabolite α-zearalenol (α-ZEL) are well-documented endocrine disruptors that are frequently found to contaminate cereal products, including beer. But also hop is known to represent a source for endocrine active compounds, containing amongst others xanthohumol (XAN), which might be converted to the potent phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN). In the present study, we investigated the interaction of these xenoestrogens in mixtures which might occur in beer. Estrogenicity was measured as induction of alkaline phosphatase (AlP) expression in estrogen-sensitive Ishikawa cells. In binary combinations, XAN was found to act as a potent antagonist of mycotoxin-induced estrogenicity, significantly suppressing the AlP-inducing impact of both ZEN and α-ZEL at nanomolar concentrations. Also 8-PN antagonized the estrogenic stimulus of the two fungal metabolites, although less pronounced. These effects also manifested in combinations of three or four test compounds, and at the level of cell proliferation, that was assessed via an E-screen-like approach in Ishikawa cells. Of note, co-exposure to the investigated myco- and phyto-estrogens did not result in additive or overadditive/synergistic estrogenic effects in the applied test system. Being aware that the actual study is still limited to the in vitro situation, our results even suggest that prenylated chalkones from hops might protect against Fusarium toxin–induced endocrine disruptive activities at concentrations that can be reached by moderate beer consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Aichinger
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Beisl
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Marko
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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34
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Significance of prohibitin domain family in tumorigenesis and its implication in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:580. [PMID: 29784973 PMCID: PMC5962566 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prohibitin (PHB) was originally isolated and characterized as an anti-proliferative gene in rat liver. The evolutionarily conserved PHB gene encodes two human protein isoforms with molecular weights of ~33 kDa, PHB1 and PHB2. PHB1 and PHB2 belong to the prohibitin domain family, and both are widely distributed in different cellular compartments such as the mitochondria, nucleus, and cell membrane. Most studies have confirmed differential expression of PHB1 and PHB2 in cancers compared to corresponding normal tissues. Furthermore, studies verified that PHB1 and PHB2 are involved in the biological processes of tumorigenesis, including cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. Two small molecule inhibitors, Rocaglamide (RocA) and fluorizoline, derived from medicinal plants, were demonstrated to interact directly with PHB1 and thus inhibit the interaction of PHB with Raf-1, impeding Raf-1/ERK signaling cascades and significantly suppressing cancer cell metastasis. In addition, a short peptide ERAP and a natural product xanthohumol were shown to target PHB2 directly and prohibit cancer progression in estrogen-dependent cancers. As more efficient biomarkers and targets are urgently needed for cancer diagnosis and treatment, here we summarize the functional role of prohibitin domain family proteins, focusing on PHB1 and PHB2 in tumorigenesis and cancer development, with the expectation that targeting the prohibitin domain family will offer more clues for cancer therapy.
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35
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Noncatalytic chalcone isomerase-fold proteins in Humulus lupulus are auxiliary components in prenylated flavonoid biosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5223-E5232. [PMID: 29760092 PMCID: PMC5984530 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1802223115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we identify two noncatalytic chalcone isomerase-fold proteins, which are critical for high-efficiency prenylchalcone production in Humulus lupulus. Our results provide insights into their evolutionary development from the ancestral noncatalytic fatty acid-binding chalcone isomerase-fold proteins to specialized auxiliary proteins supporting flavonoid biosynthesis in plants, and open up the possibility of producing high-value plant prenylchalcones using heterologous systems. Xanthohumol (XN) and demethylxanthohumol (DMX) are specialized prenylated chalconoids with multiple pharmaceutical applications that accumulate to high levels in the glandular trichomes of hops (Humulus lupulus L.). Although all structural enzymes in the XN pathway have been functionally identified, biochemical mechanisms underlying highly efficient production of XN have not been fully resolved. In this study, we characterized two noncatalytic chalcone isomerase (CHI)-like proteins (designated as HlCHIL1 and HlCHIL2) using engineered yeast harboring all genes required for DMX production. HlCHIL2 increased DMX production by 2.3-fold, whereas HlCHIL1 significantly decreased DMX production by 30%. We show that CHIL2 is part of an active DMX biosynthetic metabolon in hop glandular trichomes that encompasses a chalcone synthase (CHS) and a membrane-bound prenyltransferase, and that type IV CHI-fold proteins of representative land plants contain conserved function to bind with CHS and enhance its activity. Binding assays and structural docking uncover a function of HlCHIL1 to bind DMX and naringenin chalcone to stabilize the ring-open configuration of these chalconoids. This study reveals the role of two HlCHILs in DMX biosynthesis in hops, and provides insight into their evolutionary development from the ancestral fatty acid-binding CHI-fold proteins to specialized auxiliary proteins supporting flavonoid biosynthesis in plants.
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36
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Iqbal J, Abbasi BA, Batool R, Mahmood T, Ali B, Khalil AT, Kanwal S, Shah SA, Ahmad R. Potential phytocompounds for developing breast cancer therapeutics: Nature’s healing touch. Eur J Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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37
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Rajagopal C, Lankadasari MB, Aranjani JM, Harikumar KB. Targeting oncogenic transcription factors by polyphenols: A novel approach for cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res 2018; 130:273-291. [PMID: 29305909 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is one of the major causative factor of cancer and chronic inflammation is involved in all the major steps of cancer initiation, progression metastasis and drug resistance. The molecular mechanism of inflammation driven cancer is the complex interplay between oncogenic and tumor suppressive transcription factors which include FOXM1, NF-kB, STAT3, Wnt/β- Catenin, HIF-1α, NRF2, androgen and estrogen receptors. Several products derived from natural sources modulate the expression and activity of multiple transcription factors in various tumor models as evident from studies conducted in cell lines, pre-clinical models and clinical samples. Further combination of these natural products along with currently approved cancer therapies added an additional advantage and they considered as promising targets for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. In this review we discuss the application of multi-targeting natural products by analyzing the literature and future directions for their plausible applications in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Rajagopal
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Manendra Babu Lankadasari
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India
| | - Jesil Mathew Aranjani
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - K B Harikumar
- Cancer Research Program, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, Kerala, India.
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38
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Arczewska M, Kamiński DM, Gieroba B, Gagoś M. Acid-Base Properties of Xanthohumol: A Computational and Experimental Investigation. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:3194-3202. [PMID: 29148787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
UV-vis spectrophotometry has been applied to determine acid dissociation constants of the prenylated chalcone xanthohumol. The pKa values were compared with those derived from pH-metric titrations. The order of the deprotonation site in the xanthohumol molecule was estimated by quantum mechanical calculations as 2'-OH, 4'-OH, and 4-OH. Furthermore, the electronic and spectroscopic properties of xanthohumol have been investigated on the basis of the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The TDDFT method, combined with a hybrid exchange-correlation functional using the B3LYP and CAM-B3LYP levels of theory in conjunction with the SMD solvation model, was used to optimize all geometries and predict the excitation energies of the neutral form and ionized species of the chalcone depending on pH value. The computed results were in good agreement with the experimental data. Consideration of the acid-base profile in conjunction with other molecular properties has a great importance and has the potential to be used to further improve the bioavailability of xanthohumol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, University of Life Sciences in Lublin , Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Daniel M Kamiński
- Department of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University , pl. Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Gieroba
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University , Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariusz Gagoś
- Department of Cell Biology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University , Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
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39
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Dietz B, Chen SN, Alvarenga RF, Dong H, Nikolić D, Biendl M, van Breemen RB, Bolton JL, Pauli GF. DESIGNER Extracts as Tools to Balance Estrogenic and Chemopreventive Activities of Botanicals for Women's Health. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2017; 80:2284-2294. [PMID: 28812892 PMCID: PMC5765536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.7b00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Botanical dietary supplements contain multiple bioactive compounds that target numerous biological pathways. The lack of uniform standardization requirements is one reason that inconsistent clinical effects are reported frequently. The multifaceted biological interactions of active principles can be disentangled by a coupled pharmacological/phytochemical approach using specialized ("knock-out") extracts. This is demonstrated for hops, a botanical for menopausal symptom management. Employing targeted, adsorbent-free countercurrent separation, Humulus lupulus extracts were designed for pre- and postmenopausal women by containing various amounts of the phytoestrogen 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) and the chemopreventive constituent xanthohumol (XH). Analysis of their estrogenic (alkaline phosphatase), chemopreventive (NAD(P)H-quinone oxidoreductase 1 [NQO1]), and cytotoxic bioactivities revealed that the estrogenicity of hops is a function of 8-PN, whereas their NQO1 induction and cytotoxic properties depend on XH levels. Antagonization of the estrogenicity of 8-PN by elevated XH concentrations provided evidence for the interdependence of the biological effects. A designed postmenopausal hop extract was prepared to balance 8-PN and XH levels for both estrogenic and chemopreventive properties. An extract designed for premenopausal women contains reduced 8-PN levels and high XH concentrations to minimize estrogenic while retaining chemopreventive properties. This study demonstrates the feasibility of modulating the concentrations of bioactive compounds in botanical extracts for potentially improved efficacy and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit
M. Dietz
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Shao-Nong Chen
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - René F.
Ramos Alvarenga
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Huali Dong
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Dejan Nikolić
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Martin Biendl
- Hopsteiner,
Hallertauer Hopfenveredelung GmbH, Auhofstrasse 16, 84048 Mainburg, Germany
| | - Richard B. van Breemen
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Judy L. Bolton
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
| | - Guido F. Pauli
- UIC/NIH
Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements Research and Center for Natural
Product Technologies, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy,
College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois
at Chicago, 833 S. Wood
Street, M/C 781, Chicago, Illinois 60612, United
States
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40
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Aydin T, Bayrak N, Baran E, Cakir A. Insecticidal effects of extracts of Humulus lupulus (hops) L. cones and its principal component, xanthohumol. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2017; 107:543-549. [PMID: 28330519 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485317000256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Insecticidal effects of the dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts of Humulus lupulus (hops) L. cones and its principal components, xanthohumol was investigated on five stored pests, Sitophilus granarius (L.), Sitophilus oryzae (L.), Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say.), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Lasioderma serricorne (F.). The mortality of adults of the insects treated with 2, 5, 5, 10 and 20 mg ml̠-1 concentrations of the extracts and xanthuhumol was counted after 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. In order to determine the toxic effects of the substances tested against all tested insects, durations for 50% mortality of the adults, and LD50 values were also determined in the first 48 h by probit analysis. Our results also showed that xanthohumol was more toxic against the pests in comparison with the extracts applications. LD50 values for xanthohumol were found to be low dose as compared with the extracts. Xanthohumol was more toxic against S. granarius (L.) with 6.8 µg of LD50 value. Among the extracts, methanol extract was less effective than other extracts against all tested insects. The ethyl acetate extract of H. lupulus cones was the most effective extract against the tested pests. The quantitative amounts of xanthohumol in the extracts were determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography. The quantitative data indicated that amount of xanthohumol in the extracts increased with increase of polarity of the solvents used from methanol to dichloromethane. The methanol extract contained the high amount of xanthohumol with 5.74 g/100 g extract (0.46 g/100 g plant sample).
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Affiliation(s)
- T Aydin
- Agri İbrahim Cecen University,Faculty of Pharmacy,Department of Pharmacognosy,04100 Agri, TR,Turkey
| | - N Bayrak
- Bozok University,Faculty of Agriculture,Department of Plant Protection,66900 Yozgat, TR,Turkey
| | - E Baran
- Kilis 7 Aralık University,Faculty of Sciences & Arts,Department of Chemistry,79000 Kilis, TR,Turkey
| | - A Cakir
- Kilis 7 Aralık University,Faculty of Sciences & Arts,Department of Chemistry,79000 Kilis, TR,Turkey
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41
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Yoshimaru T, Ono M, Bando Y, Chen YA, Mizuguchi K, Shima H, Komatsu M, Imoto I, Izumi K, Honda J, Miyoshi Y, Sasa M, Katagiri T. A-kinase anchoring protein BIG3 coordinates oestrogen signalling in breast cancer cells. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15427. [PMID: 28555617 PMCID: PMC5512694 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 70% of breast cancer cells express oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα). Previous studies have shown that the Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 3–prohibitin 2 (BIG3-PHB2) complex has a crucial role in these cells. However, it remains unclear how BIG3 regulates the suppressive activity of PHB2. Here we demonstrate that BIG3 functions as an A-kinase anchoring protein that binds protein kinase A (PKA) and the α isoform of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1Cα), thereby dephosphorylating and inactivating PHB2. E2-induced PKA-mediated phosphorylation of BIG3-S305 and -S1208 serves to enhance PP1Cα activity, resulting in E2/ERα signalling activation via PHB2 inactivation due to PHB2-S39 dephosphorylation. Furthermore, an analysis of independent cohorts of ERα-positive breast cancers patients reveal that both BIG3 overexpression and PHB2-S39 dephosphorylation are strongly associated with poor prognosis. This is the first demonstration of the mechanism of E2/ERα signalling activation via the BIG3–PKA–PP1Cα tri-complex in breast cancer cells. BIG3 is highly expressed in breast cancers and its interaction with PHB2 results in constitutive activation of E2/ERa signalling. Here the authors unveil the mechanistic details of this regulation showing that BIG3 binds PKA and regulates PP1Ca activity in an oestrogen-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Yoshimaru
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masaya Ono
- Division of Chemotherapy and Clinical Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Bando
- Division of Pathology, Tokushima University Hospital, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yi-An Chen
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizuguchi
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 7-6-8 Saito-Asagi, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shima
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, 47-1 Nodayama, Medeshimashiote, Natori, Miyagi 981-1293, Japan
| | - Masato Komatsu
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Issei Imoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Keisuke Izumi
- Department of Molecular and Environmental Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Junko Honda
- Department of Surgery, National Hospital Organization Higashitokushima Medical Center, 1-1 Ohmukai-kita, Ootera, Itano, Tokushima 779-0193, Japan
| | - Yasuo Miyoshi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Sasa
- Department of Surgery, Tokushima Breast Care Clinic, 4-7-7 Nakashimada-cho, Tokushima 770-0052, Japan
| | - Toyomasa Katagiri
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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Stapled BIG3 helical peptide ERAP potentiates anti-tumour activity for breast cancer therapeutics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1821. [PMID: 28500289 PMCID: PMC5431889 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01951-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol (E2) and the oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) signalling pathway play pivotal roles in the proliferative activity of breast cancer cells. Recent findings show that the brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 3-prohibitin 2 (BIG3-PHB2) complex plays a crucial role in E2/ERα signalling modulation in breast cancer cells. Moreover, specific inhibition of the BIG3-PHB2 interaction using the ERα activity-regulator synthetic peptide (ERAP: 165–177 amino acids), derived from α-helical BIG3 sequence, resulted in a significant anti-tumour effect. However, the duration of this effect was very short for viable clinical application. We developed the chemically modified ERAP using stapling methods (stapledERAP) to improve the duration of its antitumour effects. The stapledERAP specifically inhibited the BIG3-PHB2 interaction and exhibited long-lasting suppressive activity. Its intracellular localization without the membrane-permeable polyarginine sequence was possible via the formation of a stable α-helix structure by stapling. Tumour bearing-mice treated daily or weekly with stapledERAP effectively prevented the BIG3-PHB2 interaction, leading to complete regression of E2-dependent tumours in vivo. Most importantly, combination of stapledERAP with tamoxifen, fulvestrant, and everolimus caused synergistic inhibitory effects on growth of breast cancer cells. Our findings suggested that the stapled ERAP may be a promising anti-tumour drug to suppress luminal-type breast cancer growth.
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Shikata Y, Yoshimaru T, Komatsu M, Katoh H, Sato R, Kanagaki S, Okazaki Y, Toyokuni S, Tashiro E, Ishikawa S, Katagiri T, Imoto M. Protein kinase A inhibition facilitates the antitumor activity of xanthohumol, a valosin-containing protein inhibitor. Cancer Sci 2017; 108:785-794. [PMID: 28122154 PMCID: PMC5406609 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN), a simple prenylated chalcone, can be isolated from hops and has the potential to be a cancer chemopreventive agent against several human tumor cell lines. We previously identified valosin‐containing protein (VCP) as a target of XN; VCP can also play crucial roles in cancer progression and prognosis. Therefore, we investigated the molecular mechanisms governing the contribution of VCP to the antitumor activity of XN. Several human tumor cell lines were treated with XN to investigate which human tumor cell lines are sensitive to XN. Several cell lines exhibited high sensitivity to XN both in vitro and in vivo. shRNA screening and bioinformatics analysis identified that the inhibition of the adenylate cyclase (AC) pathway synergistically facilitated apoptosis induced by VCP inhibition. These results suggest that there is crosstalk between the AC pathway and VCP function, and targeting both VCP and the AC pathway is a potential chemotherapeutic strategy for a subset of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Shikata
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Yoshimaru
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masato Komatsu
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroto Katoh
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.,JST, PRESTO, Saitama, Japan
| | - Reiko Sato
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Kanagaki
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Okazaki
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shinya Toyokuni
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Etsu Tashiro
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shumpei Ishikawa
- Department of Genomic Pathology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toyomasa Katagiri
- Division of Genome Medicine, Institute for Genome Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masaya Imoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan
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44
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Xanthohumol inhibits proliferation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:5289-5294. [PMID: 28105237 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthohumol is a flavonoid compound that exhibits antioxidant and anticancer effects, and is used to treat atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of xanthohumol on the cell proliferation of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and to understand the mechanism of its action. The effects of xanthohumol on the cell viability and apoptosis rate of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma SCC4 cells were assessed by Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide staining. In addition, the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) p53 and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), as well as anti-apoptotic markers, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (Mcl-1), were analyzed by western blotting. The results revealed that treatment with 40 µM xanthohumol significantly inhibited the proliferation of SCC4 cells. Furthermore, xanthohumol treatment (40 µM) induced SCC4 cell apoptosis, as indicated by the significant increase in activity and expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, PARP, p53 and AIF. By contrast, the protein expression of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 was significantly decreased following treatment with 40 µM xanthohumol. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that xanthohumol mediates growth suppression and apoptosis induction, which was mediated via the suppression of Bcl-2 and Mcl-1 and activation of PARP, p53 and AIF signaling pathways. Therefore, future studies that investigate xanthohumol as a potential therapeutic agent for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma are required.
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Dietz BM, Hajirahimkhan A, Dunlap TL, Bolton JL. Botanicals and Their Bioactive Phytochemicals for Women's Health. Pharmacol Rev 2016; 68:1026-1073. [PMID: 27677719 PMCID: PMC5050441 DOI: 10.1124/pr.115.010843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Botanical dietary supplements are increasingly popular for women's health, particularly for older women. The specific botanicals women take vary as a function of age. Younger women will use botanicals for urinary tract infections, especially Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), where there is evidence for efficacy. Botanical dietary supplements for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) are less commonly used, and rigorous clinical trials have not been done. Some examples include Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Angelica sinensis (dong quai), Viburnum opulus/prunifolium (cramp bark and black haw), and Zingiber officinale (ginger). Pregnant women have also used ginger for relief from nausea. Natural galactagogues for lactating women include Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle); however, rigorous safety and efficacy studies are lacking. Older women suffering menopausal symptoms are increasingly likely to use botanicals, especially since the Women's Health Initiative showed an increased risk for breast cancer associated with traditional hormone therapy. Serotonergic mechanisms similar to antidepressants have been proposed for Actaea/Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) and Valeriana officinalis (valerian). Plant extracts with estrogenic activities for menopausal symptom relief include Glycine max (soy), Trifolium pratense (red clover), Pueraria lobata (kudzu), Humulus lupulus (hops), Glycyrrhiza species (licorice), Rheum rhaponticum (rhubarb), Vitex agnus-castus (chasteberry), Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), Epimedium species (herba Epimedii, horny goat weed), and Medicago sativa (alfalfa). Some of the estrogenic botanicals have also been shown to have protective effects against osteoporosis. Several of these botanicals could have additional breast cancer preventive effects linked to hormonal, chemical, inflammatory, and/or epigenetic pathways. Finally, although botanicals are perceived as natural safe remedies, it is important for women and their healthcare providers to realize that they have not been rigorously tested for potential toxic effects and/or drug/botanical interactions. Understanding the mechanism of action of these supplements used for women's health will ultimately lead to standardized botanical products with higher efficacy, safety, and chemopreventive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M Dietz
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Atieh Hajirahimkhan
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tareisha L Dunlap
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Judy L Bolton
- University of Illinois at Chicago/National Institutes of Health Center for Botanical Dietary Supplements, Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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The Anti-Cancer Effect of Polyphenols against Breast Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Mechanisms. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8090581. [PMID: 27657126 PMCID: PMC5037565 DOI: 10.3390/nu8090581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of breast cancer in developed and developing countries, and its correlation to cancer-related deaths, has prompted concerned scientists to discover novel alternatives to deal with this challenge. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of polyphenol structures and classifications, as well as on the carcinogenic process. The biology of breast cancer cells will also be discussed. The molecular mechanisms involved in the anti-cancer activities of numerous polyphenols, against a wide range of breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo, will be explained in detail. The interplay between autophagy and apoptosis in the anti-cancer activity of polyphenols will also be highlighted. In addition, the potential of polyphenols to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) via various mechanisms will be explained. Recently, the use of natural products as chemotherapeutics and chemopreventive drugs to overcome the side effects and resistance that arise from using chemical-based agents has garnered the attention of the scientific community. Polyphenol research is considered a promising field in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer.
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Natural Polyphenols for Prevention and Treatment of Cancer. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080515. [PMID: 27556486 PMCID: PMC4997428 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 384] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is much epidemiological evidence that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables could lower the risk of certain cancers. The effect has been attributed, in part, to natural polyphenols. Besides, numerous studies have demonstrated that natural polyphenols could be used for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Potential mechanisms included antioxidant, anti-inflammation as well as the modulation of multiple molecular events involved in carcinogenesis. The current review summarized the anticancer efficacy of major polyphenol classes (flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans and stilbenes) and discussed the potential mechanisms of action, which were based on epidemiological, in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies within the past five years.
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Dikshit A, Gao C, Small C, Hales K, Hales DB. Flaxseed and its components differentially affect estrogen targets in pre-neoplastic hen ovaries. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 159:73-85. [PMID: 26925929 PMCID: PMC4821676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2016.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Flaxseed has been studied for decades for its health benefits that include anti-cancer, cardio-protective, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory properties. The biologically active components that mediate these effects are the omega-3 fatty acids and the lignan, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside. We have previously shown that whole flaxseed supplemented diet decreases the severity and incidence of ovarian cancer while a 15% dose of flaxseed is most protective against inflammation and estrogen-induced chemical and genotoxicity. The objective of this study was to dissect the independent effects of the two flaxseed components on estrogen signaling and metabolism. Two and half year old hens were fed either a control diet, 15% whole flaxseed diet, defatted flax meal diet or 5% flax oil diet for 3 months after which the animals were sacrificed and blood and tissues were harvested. Whole flaxseed diet caused a decrease in expression of ERα. ERα target gene expression was assessed using RT(2) profiler PCR array. Some targets involved in the IGF/insulin signaling pathway (IRS1, IGFBP4, IGFBP5) were downregulated by flaxseed and its components. Flaxseed diet also downregulated AKT expression. A number of targets related to NF-kB signaling were altered by flaxseed diet including a series of targets implicated in cancer. Whole flaxseed diet also affected E2 metabolism by increasing CYP1A1 expression with a corresponding increase in the onco-protective E2 metabolite, 2-methoxyestradiol. The weak anti-estrogens, enterolactone, enterodiol and 2-methoxyestradiol, might be working synergistically to generate a protective effect on the ovaries from hens on whole flaxseed diet by altering the estrogen signaling and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka Dikshit
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1125 Lincoln Drive, Life Science II, Room 245B, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA
| | - Chunqi Gao
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1125 Lincoln Drive, Life Science II, Room 245B, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA
| | - Carrie Small
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1125 Lincoln Drive, Life Science II, Room 245B, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA
| | - Karen Hales
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, Illinois, USA
| | - Dale Buchanan Hales
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, 1125 Lincoln Drive, Life Science II, Room 245B, Carbondale, Illinois 62901, USA.
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Tashiro E, Imoto M. Screening and target identification of bioactive compounds that modulate cell migration and autophagy. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3283-90. [PMID: 27094149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a fundamental step for embryonic development, wound repair, immune responses, and tumor cell invasion and metastasis. It is well known that protrusive structures, namely filopodia and lamellipodia, can be observed at the leading edge of migrating cells. The formation of these structures is necessary for cell migration; however, the molecular mechanisms behind the formation of these structures remain largely unclear. Therefore, bioactive compounds that modulate protrusive structures are extremely powerful tools for studying the mechanisms behind the formation of these structures and subsequent cell migration. Therefore, we have screened for bioactive compounds that inhibit the formation of filopodia, lamellipodia, or cell migration from natural products, and attempted to identify the target molecules of our isolated compounds. Additionally, autophagy is a bulk, non-specific protein degradation system that is involved in the pathogenesis of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent extensive studies have revealed the molecular mechanisms of autophagy, however, they also remain largely unclear. Thus, we also have screened for bioactive compounds that modulate autophagy, and identified the target molecules. In the present article, we introduce the phenotypic screening system and target identification of four bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsu Tashiro
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama City 223-8522, Japan
| | - Masaya Imoto
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama City 223-8522, Japan.
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50
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Bak MJ, Das Gupta S, Wahler J, Suh N. Role of dietary bioactive natural products in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2016; 40-41:170-191. [PMID: 27016037 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer, including luminal-A and -B, is the most common type of breast cancer. Extended exposure to estrogen is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Both ER-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms have been implicated in estrogen-mediated carcinogenesis. The ER-dependent pathway involves cell growth and proliferation triggered by the binding of estrogen to the ER. The ER-independent mechanisms depend on the metabolism of estrogen to generate genotoxic metabolites, free radicals and reactive oxygen species to induce breast cancer. A better understanding of the mechanisms that drive ER-positive breast cancer will help optimize targeted approaches to prevent or treat breast cancer. A growing emphasis is being placed on alternative medicine and dietary approaches toward the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Many natural products and bioactive compounds found in foods have been shown to inhibit breast carcinogenesis via inhibition of estrogen induced oxidative stress as well as ER signaling. This review summarizes the role of bioactive natural products that are involved in the prevention and treatment of estrogen-related and ER-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Bak
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Soumyasri Das Gupta
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Joseph Wahler
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Nanjoo Suh
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA.
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