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Bera S, Datta HK, Dastidar P. Nitrile-Containing Terpyridyl Zn(II)-Coordination Polymer-Based Metallogelators Displaying Helical Structures: Synthesis, Structures, and "Druglike" Action against B16-F10 Melanoma Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:25098-25109. [PMID: 35723469 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An attempt has been made to develop a self-drug-delivery system against melanoma from a series of metallogelators derived from coordination polymers. Thus, a series of coordination polymers (CP1-CP6) derived from a nitrile-containing terpyridyl ligand (L) and transition metal salts (Cu(I)/Zn(II)) have been synthesized and thoroughly characterized by a number of physicochemical techniques including single crystal X-ray diffraction. Reactions of the ingredients of the coordination polymers guided by their single crystal structures produced four metallogels (CPG2-CPG5) which were characterized by dynamic rheology and TEM. The metallogelator CPG3 turned out to be the best suited for further studies as revealed from MTT assay against melanoma (B16-F10) and macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells. Various experiments (scratch, cell cycle, nuclear condensation, annexin V-FITC/PI, mitochondrial membrane potential, Ho-efflux assays) not only supported the "druglike" action against melanoma B16-F10 cells but also suggested that the mechanism of cancer cell death was via mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization-driven apoptosis. Because melanoma B16-F10 is a model cell line for human skin cancer, the metallogel CPG3 may, therefore, be further developed for such treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Bera
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Hemanta Kumar Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, West Bengal, India
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2
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Zhu J, Gao R, Wang Z, Cheng Z, Xu Z, Liu Z, Wu Y, Wang M, Zhang Y. Sustained and Targeted Delivery of Self-Assembled Doxorubicin Nonapeptides Using pH-Responsive Hydrogels for Osteosarcoma Chemotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020668. [PMID: 36839990 PMCID: PMC9961168 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
While chemotherapeutic agents have particularly potent effects in many types of cancer, their clinical applications are still far from satisfactory due to off-target drug exposure, chemotherapy resistance, and adverse effects, especially in osteosarcoma. Therefore, it is clinically promising to construct a novel tumor-targeted drug delivery system to control drug release and alleviate side effects. In this study, a pH-responsive nonapeptide hydrogel was designed and fabricated for the tumor-targeted drug delivery of doxorubicin (DOX). Using a solid-phase synthesis method, a nonapeptide named P1 peptide that is structurally akin to surfactant-like peptides (SLPs) due to its hydrophobic tail and hydrophilic head was synthesized. The physicochemical properties of the P1 hydrogel were characterized via encapsulation capacity, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), circular dichroism (CD), zeta potential, rheological analysis, and drug release studies. We also used in vitro and in vivo experiments to investigate the cytocompatibility and tumor inhibitory efficacy of the drug-loaded peptide hydrogel. The P1 peptide could self-assemble into biodegradable hydrogels under neutral conditions, and the prepared drug-loaded hydrogels exhibited good injectability and biocompatibility. The in vitro drug release studies showed that DOX-P1 hydrogels had high sensitivity to acidic conditions (pH 5.8 versus 7.4, up to 3.6-fold). Furthermore, the in vivo experiments demonstrated that the DOX-P1 hydrogel could not only amplify the therapeutic effect but also increase DOX accumulation at the tumor site. Our study proposes a promising approach to designing a pH-responsive hydrogel with controlled doxorubicin-release action based on self-assembled nonapeptides for targeted chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhongshi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiming Cheng
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhonghua Xu
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zaiyang Liu
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Wang
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Joint Disease & Sport Medicine Center, Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
- Correspondence: (M.W.); (Y.Z.)
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Macdougall LJ, Hoffman TE, Kirkpatrick BE, Fairbanks BD, Bowman CN, Spencer SL, Anseth KS. Intracellular Crowding by Bio-Orthogonal Hydrogel Formation Induces Reversible Molecular Stasis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2202882. [PMID: 35671709 PMCID: PMC9377388 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To survive extreme conditions, certain animals enter a reversible protective stasis through vitrification of the cytosol by polymeric molecules such as proteins and polysaccharides. In this work, synthetic gelation of the cytosol in living cells is used to induce reversible molecular stasis. Through the sequential lipofectamine-mediated transfection of complementary poly(ethylene glycol) macromers into mammalian cells, intracellular crosslinking occurs through bio-orthogonal strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reactions. This achieves efficient polymer uptake with minimal cell death (99% viable). Intracellular crosslinking decreases DNA replication and protein synthesis, and increases the quiescent population by 2.5-fold. Real-time tracking of single cells containing intracellular crosslinked polymers identifies increases in intermitotic time (15 h vs 19 h) and decreases in motility (30 µm h-1 vs 15 µm h-1 ). The cytosol viscosity increases threefold after intracellular crosslinking and results in disordered cytoskeletal structure in addition to the disruption of cellular coordination in a scratch assay. By incorporating photodegradable nitrobenzyl moieties into the polymer backbone, the effects of intracellular crosslinking are reversed upon exposure to light, thereby restoring proliferation (80% phospho-Rb+ cells), protein translation, and migration. Reversible intracellular crosslinking provides a novel method for dynamic manipulation of intracellular mechanics, altering essential processes that determine cellular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Macdougall
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Timothy E Hoffman
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Bruce E Kirkpatrick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Benjamin D Fairbanks
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Material Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Christopher N Bowman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Material Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Sabrina L Spencer
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
| | - Kristi S Anseth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- The BioFrontiers Institute, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
- Material Science and Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, 80303, USA
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Sarkar K, Datta HK, Ahmed S, Dastidar P. Structural Rationale towards Designing Coordination Polymer Based Metallogels Displaying Anti‐Cancer and Anti‐Bacterial Properties. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Hemanta Kumar Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sabir Ahmed
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road Kolkata 700032 India
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Fungal keratitis infected eye treatment with antibiotic-loaded zinc ions tagged polyvinyl acetate phthalate-g-polypyrrole drug carrier. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2021.101347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Maldonado N, Amo-Ochoa P. Advances and Novel Perspectives on Colloids, Hydrogels, and Aerogels Based on Coordination Bonds with Biological Interest Ligands. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071865. [PMID: 34361254 PMCID: PMC8308289 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This perspective article shows new advances in the synthesis of colloids, gels, and aerogels generated by combining metal ions and ligands of biological interest, such as nucleobases, nucleotides, peptides, or amino acids, among other derivatives. The characteristic dynamism of coordination bonds between metal center and biocompatible-type ligands, together with molecular recognition capability of these ligands, are crucial to form colloids and gels. These supramolecular structures are generated by forming weak van der Waals bonds such as hydrogen bonds or π–π stacking between the aromatic rings. Most gels are made up of nano-sized fibrillar networks, although their morphologies can be tuned depending on the synthetic conditions. These new materials respond to different stimuli such as pH, stirring, pressure, temperature, the presence of solvents, among others. For these reasons, they can trap and release molecules or metal ions in a controlled way allowing their application in drug delivery as antimicrobial and self-healable materials or sensors. In addition, the correct selection of the metal ion enables to build catalytic or luminescent metal–organic gels. Even recently, the use of these colloids as 3D-dimensional printable inks has been published. The elimination of the solvent trapped in the gels allows the transformation of these into metal–organic aerogels (MOAs) and metal–organic xerogels (MOXs), increasing the number of possible applications by generating new porous materials and composites useful in adsorption, conversion, and energy storage. The examples shown in this work allow us to visualize the current interest in this new type of material and their perspectives in the short-medium term. Furthermore, these investigations show that there is still a lot of work to be done, opening the door to new and interesting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Maldonado
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (P.A.-O.)
| | - Pilar Amo-Ochoa
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemistry (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (P.A.-O.)
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7
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Zhang Z, Ai S, Yang Z, Li X. Peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels for local drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:482-503. [PMID: 34015417 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels have shown great promise as drug delivery systems (DDSs) because of their excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, biological function, synthetic feasibility, and responsiveness to external stimuli. Self-assembling peptide molecules are able rationally designed into specific nanoarchitectures in response to the different environmental factors under different circumstances. Among all stimuli that have been investigated, utilizing inherent biological microenvironment, such as metal ions, enzymes and endogenous redox species, to trigger self-assembly endows such systems spatiotemporal controllability to transport therapeutics more accurately. Materials formed by weak non-covalent interactions result in the shear-thinning and immediate recovery behavior. Thus, they are injectable via a syringe or catheter, making them the ideal vehicles to deliver drugs. Based on the above merits, self-assembling peptide-based DDSs have been applied to treat various diseases via direct administration at the lesion site. Herein, in this review, we outline the triggers for inducing peptide-based hydrogels formation and serving as DDSs. We also described the advancements of peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels for local drug delivery, including intratumoral, subcutaneous, ischemia-related tissue (intramyocardial, intrarenal, and ischemic hind limb), and ocular administration. Finally, we give a brief perspective about the prospects and challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325027, PR China
| | - Sifan Ai
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Zhimou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China; Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Xingyi Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, 270 Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou 325027, PR China.
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8
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Makhlynets OV, Caputo GA. Characteristics and therapeutic applications of antimicrobial peptides. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2021; 2:011301. [PMID: 38505398 PMCID: PMC10903410 DOI: 10.1063/5.0035731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The demand for novel antimicrobial compounds is rapidly growing due to the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance in bacteria. In response, numerous alternative approaches are being taken including use of polymers, metals, combinatorial approaches, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are a naturally occurring part of the immune system of all higher organisms and display remarkable broad-spectrum activity and high selectivity for bacterial cells over host cells. However, despite good activity and safety profiles, AMPs have struggled to find success in the clinic. In this review, we outline the fundamental properties of AMPs that make them effective antimicrobials and extend this into three main approaches being used to help AMPs become viable clinical options. These three approaches are the incorporation of non-natural amino acids into the AMP sequence to impart better pharmacological properties, the incorporation of AMPs in hydrogels, and the chemical modification of surfaces with AMPs for device applications. These approaches are being developed to enhance the biocompatibility, stability, and/or bioavailability of AMPs as clinical options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Makhlynets
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
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9
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Priyanka, Kumar A. Smart soft supramolecular hybrid hydrogels modulated by Zn 2+/Ag NPs with unique multifunctional properties and applications. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15095-15108. [PMID: 33107505 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01886d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The development of low molecular weight molecule-mediated biocompatible soft supramolecular hydrogels, considered to be next-generation materials for biomedical applications, is a challenging task. In this context, the present work reports the synthesis of the hybrid hydrogel (CISZ2H) comprising ternary nanohybrids (Zn2+-Ag NPs@β-FeOOH@5'-CMP), consisting of greener components as a building block with hydrophobic tail (containing Zn2+ ions, Ag NPs, and β-FeOOH) and hydrophilic head (5'-cytidine monophosphate (5'-CMP)). The presence of Zn2+ ions and Ag NPs in the nanohybrids introduces new coordination sites and induces the puckering of the ribose sugar in 5'-CMP to generate the solid-like network in the self-assembly via micellar formation involving building blocks. Extensive cross-linking among organic and inorganic moieties provide these hydrogels with unique physicochemical features of improved mechanical strength (∼71 000 Pa), large water retention capability (600%), self-healing, and injectability as arrived at by thixotropic measurements, low toxicity, and enhanced drug/dye loading capabilities. Thus, the co-doped Zn2+ ions and Ag NPs in CISZ2H impart it with enhanced mechanical stability, shear thinning, external stimuli-responsiveness (pH and temperature), sustained slow drug release, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity, and antibacterial features, thereby making this hydrogel safer for drug delivery, wound healing, sensing, and tissue engineering. The excellent features of the as-synthesized hydrogels make it a smart soft material for advanced applications with enormous future potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, India.
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee - 247667, India.
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10
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D'Souza A, Yoon JH, Beaman H, Gosavi P, Lengyel-Zhand Z, Sternisha A, Centola G, Marshall LR, Wehrman MD, Schultz KM, Monroe MB, Makhlynets OV. Nine-Residue Peptide Self-Assembles in the Presence of Silver to Produce a Self-Healing, Cytocompatible, Antimicrobial Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:17091-17099. [PMID: 32154701 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silver compounds have been used extensively for wound healing because of their antimicrobial properties, but high concentrations of silver are toxic to mammalian cells. We designed a peptide that binds silver and releases only small amounts of this ion over time, therefore overcoming the problem of silver toxicity. Silver binding was achieved through incorporation of an unnatural amino acid, 3'-pyridyl alanine (3'-PyA), into the peptide sequence. Upon the addition of silver ions, the peptide adopts a beta-sheet secondary structure and self-assembles into a strong hydrogel as characterized by rheology, circular dichroism, and transmission electron microscopy. We show that the resulting hydrogel kills Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus but is not toxic to fibroblasts and could be used for wound healing. The amount of Ag(I) released by hydrogels into the solution is less than 4% and this low amount of Ag(I) does not change in the pH range 6-8. These studies provide an initial indication for use of the designed hydrogel as injectable, antimicrobial wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areetha D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Jennifer H Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Henry Beaman
- Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Pallavi Gosavi
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Zsofia Lengyel-Zhand
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Alex Sternisha
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Garrick Centola
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Liam R Marshall
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Matthew D Wehrman
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Kelly M Schultz
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Iacocca Hall, 111 Research Drive, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Mary Beth Monroe
- Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, 318 Bowne Hall, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Olga V Makhlynets
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, 111 College Place, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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11
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Singh R, Khan MJ, Rane J, Gajbhiye A, Vinayak V, Joshi KB. Biofabrication of Diatom Surface by Tyrosine‐Metal Complexes:Smart Microcontainers to Inhibit Bacterial Growth. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Singh
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Chemical Science and TechnologyDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
| | - Mohd Jahir Khan
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Lab (DNM)School of Applied SciencesDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
| | - Jagdish Rane
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
| | - Ashmita Gajbhiye
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
| | - Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Lab (DNM)School of Applied SciencesDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
| | - Khashti Ballabh Joshi
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Chemical Science and TechnologyDr. Harisingh Gour Central University Sagar MP 470003 India
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12
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Gold‐Ions‐Mediated Diproline Peptide Nanocarpets and Their Inhibition of Bacterial Growth. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Majumder J, Taratula O, Minko T. Nanocarrier-based systems for targeted and site specific therapeutic delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 144:57-77. [PMID: 31400350 PMCID: PMC6748653 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Systemic drug delivery methods such as oral or parenteral administration of free drugs possess relatively low treatment efficiency and marked adverse side effects. The use of nanoparticles for drug delivery in most cases substantially enhances drug efficacy, improves pharmacokinetics and drug release and limits their side effects. However, further enhancement in drug efficacy and significant limitation of adverse side effects can be achieved by specific targeting of nanocarrier-based delivery systems especially in combination with local administration. The present review describes major advantages and limitations of organic and inorganic nanocarriers or living cell-based drug and nucleic acid delivery systems. Among these, different nanoparticles, supramolecular gels, therapeutic cells as living drug carriers etc. have emerged as a new frontier in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydeb Majumder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Oleh Taratula
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Oregon State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Tamara Minko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA; Environmental and Occupational Health Science Institute, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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He S, Mei L, Wu C, Tao M, Zhai Z, Xu K, Zhong W. In situ hydrogelation of bicalutamide-peptide conjugates at prostate tissue for smart drug release based on pH and enzymatic activity. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5030-5037. [PMID: 30839985 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10528f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-specific self-assemblies of supramolecular hydrogels have attracted great interest in material design and biomedical applications, for in situ-formed hydrogels serve as an excellent local depot with tunable release of drug therapeutics. Here we report the design and syntheses of a novel class of histidine-containing hexapeptide derivatives (Nap-1 and ID-1) for in situ hydrogelation at the zinc ion-rich prostate tissue. Thanks to the efficient co-ordination between zinc and histidine, both Nap-1 and ID-1 displayed excellent self-assembly capability with a high sensitivity to zinc ions at ∼0.1 equivalency. To foster a prostate-specific drug delivery system (DDS), ID-1 was chosen for further conjugation with bicalutamide (BLT), a clinically used drug for prostate cancer. The as-synthesized ID-1-BLT retained the self-assembly capability with zinc ions, and conferred supramoelcular hydrogels at the prostate site. Interestingly, ID-1-BLT hydrogels demonstrated tunable drug release profiles in a typical tumor microenvironment, with acidic pH and esterase activity regulating the drug release in a dose dependent manner. Consequently, the hydrogel-based DDS demonstrated enhanced potency and selective cytotoxicity against prostate cancer cell DU145 over normal fibroblast cell NIH3T3, plausibly due to differential cellular uptake of drugs as well as the elevated esterase activities in cancer cells. Finally, the biocompatible hydrogel system demonstrated sustained delivery of drugs at the prostate gland of rats, with a superior in situ drug distribution profile compared to that of aqueous solution of BLT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyun He
- Department of Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P. R. China.
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Wu H, Zheng J, Kjøniksen AL, Wang W, Zhang Y, Ma J. Metallogels: Availability, Applicability, and Advanceability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1806204. [PMID: 30680801 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Introducing metal components into gel matrices provides an effective strategy to develop soft materials with advantageous properties such as: optical activity, conductivity, magnetic response activity, self-healing activity, catalytic activity, etc. In this context, a thorough overview of application-oriented metallogels is provided. Considering that many well-established metallogels start from serendipitous discoveries, insights into the structure-gelation relationship will offer a profound impact on the development of metallogels. Initially, design strategies for discovering new metallogels are discussed, then the advanced applications of metallogels are summarized. Finally, perspectives regarding the design of metallogels, the potential applications of metallogels and their derivative materials are briefly proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqiong Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Zheng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Anna-Lena Kjøniksen
- Faculty of Engineering, Østfold University College, P.O. Box 700, 1757, Halden, Norway
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7803, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yi Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, 410083, Changsha, China
| | - Jianmin Ma
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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16
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Li L, Wang H, Jin C, Chen M, Jiang S, Cheng J, Jiang S. Antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of l‑phenylalanine-oxidized starch-coordinated zinc (II). Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:133-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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17
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Tao M, He S, Liu J, Li H, Mei L, Wu C, Xu K, Zhong W. The conjugates of forky peptides and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) self-assemble into supramolecular hydrogels for prostate cancer-specific drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:469-476. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02307g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report supramolecular hydrogelators made of forky peptides and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtao Tao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Suyun He
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Hongmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing
- China
| | - Leixia Mei
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Can Wu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Keming Xu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
| | - Wenying Zhong
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing, China
- Nanjing 210009
- P. R. China
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18
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Sarkar K, Dastidar P. Rational Approach Towards Designing Metallogels From a Urea-Functionalized Pyridyl Dicarboxylate: Anti-inflammatory, Anticancer, and Drug Delivery. Chem Asian J 2018; 14:194-204. [PMID: 30358173 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201801462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A structural rationale was adopted to design a series of metallogels from a newly synthesized urea-functionalized dicarboxylate ligand, namely, 5-[3-(pyridin-3-yl)ureido]isophthalic acid (PUIA), that produces metallogels upon reaction with various metal salts (CuII , ZnII , CoII , CdII , and NiII salts) at room temperature. The gels were characterized by dynamic rheology and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The existence of a coordination bond in the gel state was probed by FTIR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy in a ZnII metallogel (i.e., MG2). Single crystals isolated from the reaction mixture of PUIA and CoII or CdII salts characterized by X-ray diffraction revealed lattice inclusion of solvent molecules, which was in agreement with the hypothesis based on which the metallogels were designed. MG2 displayed anti-inflammatory response (prostaglandin E2 assay) in the macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and anticancer properties (cell migration assay) on a highly aggressive human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231). The MG2 metallogel matrix could also be used to load and release (pH responsive) the anticancer drug doxorubicin. Fluorescence imaging of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with MG2 revealed that it was successfully internalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koushik Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
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19
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Dastidar P, Roy R, Parveen R, Sarkar K. Supramolecular Synthon Approach in Designing Molecular Gels for Advanced Therapeutics. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Parthasarathi Dastidar
- School of Chemical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS); 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Rajdip Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS); 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Rumana Parveen
- School of Chemical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS); 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
| | - Koushik Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences; Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS); 2A and 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 West Bengal India
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20
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Singh R, Kumar Mishra N, Kumar V, Vinayak V, Ballabh Joshi K. Transition Metal Ion-Mediated Tyrosine-Based Short-Peptide Amphiphile Nanostructures Inhibit Bacterial Growth. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1630-1637. [PMID: 29771457 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the design and synthesis of a biocompatible small-peptide-based compound for the controlled and targeted delivery of encapsulated bioactive metal ions through transformation of the internal nanostructures of its complexes. A tyrosine-based short-peptide amphiphile (sPA) was synthesized and observed to self-assemble into β-sheet-like secondary structures. The self-assembly of the designed sPA was modulated by application of different bioactive transition-metal ions, as was confirmed by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. These bioactive metal-ion-conjugated sPA hybrid structures were further used to develop antibacterial materials. As a result of the excellent antibacterial activity of zinc ions the growth of clinically relevant bacteria such as Escherichia coli was inhibited in the presence of zinc⋅sPA conjugate. Bacterial testing demonstrated that, due to high biocompatibility with bacterial cells, the designed sPA acted as a metal ion delivery agent and might therefore show great potential in locally addressing bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Singh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Vandana Vinayak
- Diatom Nanoengineering and Metabolism Lab (DNM), School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India
| | - Khashti Ballabh Joshi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP, 470003, India
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21
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Folding driven self-assembly of a stimuli-responsive peptide-hyaluronan hybrid hydrogel. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7013. [PMID: 28765593 PMCID: PMC5539109 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06457-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-metal ion interactions are ubiquitous in nature and can be utilized for controlling the self-assembly of complex supramolecular architectures and materials. Here, a tunable supramolecular hydrogel is described, obtained by self-assembly of a Zn2+-responsive peptide-hyaluronic acid hybrid synthesized using strain promoted click chemistry. Addition of Zn2+ triggers folding of the peptides into a helix-loop-helix motif and dimerization into four-helix bundles, resulting in hydrogelation. Removal of the Zn2+ by chelators results in rapid hydrogel disassembly. Degradation of the hydrogels can also be time-programed by encapsulation of a hydrolyzing enzyme within the gel, offering multiple possibilities for modulating materials properties and release of encapsulated species. The hydrogel further shows potential antioxidant properties when evaluated using an in vitro model for reactive oxygen species.
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22
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Yu X, Wang Z, Su Z, Wei G. Design, fabrication, and biomedical applications of bioinspired peptide–inorganic nanomaterial hybrids. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:1130-1142. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02659a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We presented the design, composition, and typical biomedical applications of bioinspired peptide–inorganic nanomaterial hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing
- China
| | - Zhenping Wang
- Faculty of Production Engineering
- University of Bremen
- D-28359 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Zhiqiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- 100029 Beijing
- China
| | - Gang Wei
- Faculty of Production Engineering
- University of Bremen
- D-28359 Bremen
- Germany
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23
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Nagvenkar AP, Deokar A, Perelshtein I, Gedanken A. A one-step sonochemical synthesis of stable ZnO–PVA nanocolloid as a potential biocidal agent. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:2124-2132. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the limitations in the applications and commercialization of metal oxides in diverse fields is their inferior colloidal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjani P. Nagvenkar
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 52900
- Israel
| | - Archana Deokar
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 52900
- Israel
| | - Ilana Perelshtein
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 52900
- Israel
| | - Aharon Gedanken
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials
- Bar-Ilan University
- Ramat-Gan 52900
- Israel
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24
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Carvalho CN, Wang Z, Shen Y, Gavini G, Martinelli JR, Manso A, Haapasalo M. Comparative analyses of ion release, pH and multispecies biofilm formation between conventional and bioactive gutta-percha. Int Endod J 2015; 49:1048-1056. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. N. Carvalho
- School of Dentistry; University Center of Maranhão-UniCeuma; São Luís Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Z. Wang
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - Y. Shen
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - G. Gavini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - J. R. Martinelli
- Center of Materials Science and Technology; Energy and Nuclear Research Institute; São Paulo Brazil
| | - A. Manso
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
| | - M. Haapasalo
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of British Columbia; Vancouver BC Canada
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25
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Xu B, Li Y, Gao F, Zhai X, Sun M, Lu W, Cao Z, Liu W. High Strength Multifunctional Multiwalled Hydrogel Tubes: Ion-Triggered Shape Memory, Antibacterial, and Anti-inflammatory Efficacies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:16865-16872. [PMID: 26177281 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, ion-responsive hydrogen bonding strengthened hydrogels (termed as PVV) were synthesized by one-pot copolymerization of 2-vinyl-4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine (VDT), 1-vinylimidazole (VI), and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The diaminotriazine-diaminotriazine (DAT-DAT) H-bonding interaction and copolymerization of VI contributed to a notable increase in comprehensive performances including tensile/compressive strength, elasticity, modulus, and fracture energy. In addition, introducing mM levels of zinc ions could further increase the mechanical properties of PVV hydrogels and fix a variety of temporary shapes due to the strong coordination of zinc with imidazole. The release of zinc ions from the hydrogel contributed to an antibacterial effect, without compromising the shape memory effect. Remarkably, a multiwalled hydrogel tube (MWHT) fixed with Zn(2+) demonstrated much higher flexural strengths and a more sustainable release of zinc ions than the solid hydrogel cylinder (SHC). A Zn(2+)-fixed MWHT was implanted subcutaneously in rats, and it was found that the Zn(2+)-fixed MWHT exhibited anti-inflammatory and wound healing efficacies. The reported high strength hydrogel with integrated functions holds potential as a tissue engineering scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xu
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Yongmao Li
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Fei Gao
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Xinyun Zhai
- ‡Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mengge Sun
- ‡Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Lu
- ‡Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Cao
- §Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Wenguang Liu
- †School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China
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