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Wang J, Dong Y, Zheng X, Ma H, Huang M, Fu D, Liu J, Yin Q. Host Factors Modulate Virus-Induced IFN Production via Pattern Recognition Receptors. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:3737-3752. [PMID: 38882189 PMCID: PMC11180453 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s455035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of defense in the human body, and it plays an important role in defending against viral infection. Viruses are identified by different pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) that activate the mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) or transmembrane protein 173 (STING), which trigger multiple signaling cascades that cause nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) to produce inflammatory factors and interferons (IFNs). PRRs play a pivotal role as the first step in pathogen induction of interferon production. Interferon elicits antiviral activity by inducing the transcription of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) via the janus kinase (JAK) - signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. An increasing number of studies have shown that environmental, pathogen and host factors regulate the IFN signaling pathway. Here, we summarize the mechanisms of host factor modulation in IFN production via pattern recognition receptors. These regulatory mechanisms maintain interferon levels in a normal state and clear viruses without inducing autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yirui Dong
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewei Zheng
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haodi Ma
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjiao Huang
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongliao Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbo Liu
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinan Yin
- School of Medical Technology and Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Digital Pathology and Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Xie Q, Chang S, Ai Y, Dong K, Zhang H. Epigenetic Factor MicroRNAs Likely Mediate Vaccine Protection Efficacy against Lymphomas in Response to Tumor Virus Infection in Chickens through Target Gene Involved Signaling Pathways. Vet Sci 2024; 11:139. [PMID: 38668407 PMCID: PMC11053969 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), play an important role in affecting gene expression and, therefore, are involved in various biological processes including immunity protection against tumors. Marek's disease (MD) is a highly contagious disease of chickens caused by the MD virus (MDV). MD has been primarily controlled by vaccinations. MD vaccine efficacy might, in part, be dependent on modulations of a complex set of factors including host epigenetic factors. This study was designed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the primary lymphoid organ, bursae of Fabricius, in response to MD vaccination followed by MDV challenge in two genetically divergent inbred lines of White Leghorns. Small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses of the small RNA sequence reads identified hundreds of miRNAs among all the treatment groups. A small portion of the identified miRNAs was differentially expressed within each of the four treatment groups, which were HVT or CVI988/Rispens vaccinated line 63-resistant birds and line 72-susceptible birds. A direct comparison between the resistant line 63 and susceptible line 72 groups vaccinated with HVT followed by MDV challenge identified five differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene Ontology analysis of the target genes of those five miRNAs revealed that those target genes, in addition to various GO terms, are involved in multiple signaling pathways including MAPK, TGF-β, ErbB, and EGFR1 signaling pathways. The general functions of those pathways reportedly play important roles in oncogenesis, anti-cancer immunity, cancer cell migration, and metastatic progression. Therefore, it is highly likely that those miRNAs may, in part, influence vaccine protection through the pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shuang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Yongxing Ai
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Huanmin Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
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3
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Kola NS, Patel D, Thakur A. RNA-Based Vaccines and Therapeutics Against Intracellular Pathogens. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2813:321-370. [PMID: 38888787 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3890-3_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
RNA-based vaccines have sparked a paradigm shift in the treatment and prevention of diseases by nucleic acid medicines. There has been a notable surge in the development of nucleic acid therapeutics and vaccines following the global approval of the two messenger RNA-based COVID-19 vaccines. This growth is fueled by the exploration of numerous RNA products in preclinical stages, offering several advantages over conventional methods, i.e., safety, efficacy, scalability, and cost-effectiveness. In this chapter, we provide an overview of various types of RNA and their mechanisms of action for stimulating immune responses and inducing therapeutic effects. Furthermore, this chapter delves into the varying delivery systems, particularly emphasizing the use of nanoparticles to deliver RNA. The choice of delivery system is an intricate process involved in developing nucleic acid medicines that significantly enhances their stability, biocompatibility, and site-specificity. Additionally, this chapter sheds light on the current landscape of clinical trials of RNA therapeutics and vaccines against intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Suresh Kola
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Dhruv Patel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Aneesh Thakur
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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4
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Chen D, Ji Q, Liu J, Cheng F, Zheng J, Ma Y, He Y, Zhang J, Song T. MicroRNAs in the Regulation of RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling Pathway: Possible Strategy for Viral Infection and Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1344. [PMID: 37759744 PMCID: PMC10526236 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) play a crucial role as pattern-recognition receptors within the innate immune system. These receptors, present in various cell and tissue types, serve as essential sensors for viral infections, enhancing the immune system's capacity to combat infections through the induction of type I interferons (IFN-I) and inflammatory cytokines. RLRs are involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including viral infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. An increasing body of research has examined the possibility of RLRs or microRNAs as therapeutic targets for antiviral infections and malignancies, despite the fact that few studies have focused on the regulatory function of microRNAs on RLR signaling. Consequently, our main emphasis in this review is on elucidating the role of microRNAs in modulating the signaling pathways of RLRs in the context of cancer and viral infections. The aim is to establish a robust knowledge base that can serve as a basis for future comprehensive investigations into the interplay between microRNAs and RIG-I, while also facilitating the advancement of therapeutic drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengwang Chen
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Qinglu Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (Q.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Feng Cheng
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Jishan Zheng
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yunyan Ma
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (Q.J.); (Y.H.)
| | - Jidong Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China
| | - Tao Song
- Department of Immunology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China; (D.C.); (J.L.); (F.C.); (J.Z.); (Y.M.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regeneration Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China
- Special Key Laboratory of Gene Detection & Therapy of Guizhou Province, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563002, China
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Bamunuarachchi G, Vaddadi K, Yang X, Dang Q, Zhu Z, Hewawasam S, Huang C, Liang Y, Guo Y, Liu L. MicroRNA-9-1 Attenuates Influenza A Virus Replication via Targeting Tankyrase 1. J Innate Immun 2023; 15:647-664. [PMID: 37607510 PMCID: PMC10601686 DOI: 10.1159/000532063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An unstable influenza genome leads to the virus resistance to antiviral drugs that target viral proteins. Thus, identification of host factors essential for virus replication may pave the way to develop novel antiviral therapies. In this study, we investigated the roles of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase enzyme, tankyrase 1 (TNKS1), and the endogenous small noncoding RNA, miR-9-1, in influenza A virus (IAV) infection. Increased expression of TNKS1 was observed in IAV-infected human lung epithelial cells and mouse lungs. TNKS1 knockdown by RNA interference repressed influenza viral replication. A screen using TNKS1 3'-untranslation region (3'-UTR) reporter assays and predicted microRNAs identified that miR-9-1 targeted TNKS1. Overexpression of miR-9-1 reduced influenza viral replication in lung epithelial cells as measured by viral mRNA and protein levels as well as virus production. miR-9-1 induced type I interferon production and enhanced the phosphorylation of STAT1 in cell culture. The ectopic expression of miR-9-1 in the lungs of mice by using an adenoviral viral vector enhanced type I interferon response, inhibited viral replication, and reduced susceptibility to IAV infection. Our results indicate that miR-9-1 is an anti-influenza microRNA that targets TNKS1 and enhances cellular antiviral state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bamunuarachchi
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Kishore Vaddadi
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Quanjin Dang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Zhengyu Zhu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Sankha Hewawasam
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Yurong Liang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Yujie Guo
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
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Arman K, Dalloul Z, Bozgeyik E. Emerging role of microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs in COVID-19 with implications to therapeutics. Gene 2023; 861:147232. [PMID: 36736508 PMCID: PMC9892334 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection which is commonly known as COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) has creeped into the human population taking tolls of life and causing tremendous economic crisis. It is indeed crucial to gain knowledge about their characteristics and interactions with human host cells. It has been shown that the majority of our genome consists of non-coding RNAs. Non-coding RNAs including micro RNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) display significant roles in regulating gene expression in almost all cancers and viral diseases. It is intriguing that miRNAs and lncRNAs remarkably regulate the function and expression of major immune components of SARS-CoV-2. MiRNAs act via RNA interference mechanism in which they bind to the complementary sequences of the viral RNA strand, inducing the formation of silencing complex that eventually degrades or inhibits the viral RNA and viral protein expression. LncRNAs have been extensively shown to regulate gene expression in cytokine storm and thus emerges as a critical target for COVID-19 treatment. These lncRNAs also act as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by sponging miRNAs and thus affecting the expression of downstream targets during SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we extensively discuss the role of miRNAs and lncRNAs, describe their mechanism of action and their different interacting human targets cells during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Finally, we discuss possible ways how an interference with their molecular function could be exploited for new therapies against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaifee Arman
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada.
| | - Zeinab Dalloul
- Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Esra Bozgeyik
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey
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Chen N, Zhang B, Deng L, Liang B, Ping J. Virus-host interaction networks as new antiviral drug targets for IAV and SARS-CoV-2. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:1371-1389. [PMID: 35476817 PMCID: PMC9132403 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2071175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Currently, SARS-CoV-2, especially the Omicron strain, is ravaging the world and even co-infecting human beings with IAV, which is a serious threat to human public health. As of yet, no specific antiviral drug has been discovered for SARS-CoV-2. This requires deeper understandings of the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-host interaction, to explore antiviral drug targets and provide theoretical basis for developing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. This article discussed IAV, which has been comprehensively studied and is expected to provide the most important reference value for the SARS-CoV-2 study apart from members of the Coronaviridae family. We wish to establish a theoretical system for the studies on virus-host interaction. Previous studies have shown that host PRRs recognize RNAs of IAV or SARS-CoV-2 and then activate innate immune signaling pathways to induce the expression of host restriction factors, such as ISGs, to ultimately inhibit viral replication. Meanwhile, viruses have also evolved various regulatory mechanisms to antagonize host innate immunity at transcriptional, translational, post-translational modification, and epigenetic levels. Besides, viruses can hijack supportive host factors for their replication. Notably, the race between host antiviral innate immunity and viral antagonism of host innate immunity forms virus-host interaction networks. Additionally, the viral replication cycle is co-regulated by proteins, ncRNAs, sugars, lipids, hormones, and inorganic salts. Given this, we updated the mappings of antiviral drug targets based on virus-host interaction networks and proposed an innovative idea that virus-host interaction networks as new antiviral drug targets for IAV and SARS-CoV-2 from the perspectives of viral immunology and systems biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoge Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lulu Deng
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Liang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihui Ping
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Engineering Laboratory of Animal Immunity of Jiangsu Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Zhang Y, Yang J, Liu P, Zhang RJ, Li JD, Bi YH, Li Y. Regulatory role of ncRNAs in pulmonary epithelial and endothelial barriers: Molecular therapy clues of influenza-induced acute lung injury. Pharmacol Res 2022; 185:106509. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Song J, Li M, Li C, Liu K, Zhu Y, Zhang H. Friend or foe: RIG- I like receptors and diseases. Autoimmun Rev 2022; 21:103161. [PMID: 35926770 PMCID: PMC9343065 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs), which are pivotal sensors of RNA virus invasions, mediate the transcriptional induction of genes encoding type I interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines, successfully establishing host antiviral immune response. A few excellent reviews have elaborated on the structural biology of RLRs and the antiviral mechanisms of RLR activation. In this review, we give a basic understanding of RLR biology and summarize recent findings of how RLR signaling cascade is strictly controlled by host regulatory mechanisms, which include RLR-interacting proteins, post-translational modifications and microRNAs (miRNAs). Furthermore, we pay particular attention to the relationship between RLRs and diseases, especially how RLRs participate in SARS-CoV-2, malaria or bacterial infections, how single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or mutations in RLRs and antibodies against RLRs lead to autoinflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases, and how RLRs are involved in anti-tumor immunity. These findings will provide insights and guidance for antiviral and immunomodulatory therapies targeting RLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Muyuan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Caiyan Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yaxi Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Huali Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Lab of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.
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10
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Zhang Z, He J, Wang B. Circ_TLK1 knockdown alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced PC12 cell injury by regulating microRNA-136-5p/follistatin like-1 axis. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4304-4316. [PMID: 35766911 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and are involved in diverse CNS diseases. However, the functions of circRNAs in ischemic stroke (IS) are largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of circ_TLK1 in oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced PC12 cell injury. METHODS Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed for the levels of circ_TLK1, TLK1, microRNA-136-5p (miR-136-5p), and follistatin like-1 (FSTL1). RNase R and Actinomycin D assays were conducted to analyze the features of circ_TLK1. 3-(4, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine [EdU] assay and 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were adopted to analyze cell proliferation capacity. Flow cytometry analysis was applied to determine cell death. Western blot assay was employed to measure protein levels. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured with specific kits. The interaction between circ_TLK1 and miR-136-5p, as well as miR-136-5p and FSTL1, was verified by Dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS Circ_TLK1 was upregulated in OGD/R-injured PC12 cells. OGD/R treatment inhibited cell proliferation, promoted cell death, and increased LDH release in PC12 cells, while circ_TLK1 knockdown partially alleviated OGD/R-induced PC12 cell injury. Circ_TLK1 directly bound to miR-136-5p and miR-136-5p inhibition reversed the effect of circ_TLK1 knockdown on OGD/R-induced PC12 cell damage. Moreover, FSTL1 was targeted by miR-136-5p. MiR-136-5p upregulation inhibited PC12 cell injury induced by OGD/R, while FSTL1 overexpression partially reversed the effect. CONCLUSION Circ_TLK1 knockdown ameliorated OGD/R-induced PC12 cell injury by modulating miR-136-5p and FSTL1, which might provide a new understanding of IS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenduo Zhang
- Department of Encephalopathy Third Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinbo He
- Department of ICU, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Baoliang Wang
- Department of Encephalopathy Third Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Liao Y, Guo S, Liu G, Qiu Z, Wang J, Yang D, Tian X, Qiao Z, Ma Z, Liu Z. Host Non-Coding RNA Regulates Influenza A Virus Replication. Viruses 2021; 14:v14010051. [PMID: 35062254 PMCID: PMC8779696 DOI: 10.3390/v14010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Outbreaks of influenza, caused by the influenza A virus (IAV), occur almost every year in various regions worldwide, seriously endangering human health. Studies have shown that host non-coding RNA is an important regulator of host-virus interactions in the process of IAV infection. In this paper, we comprehensively analyzed the research progress on host non-coding RNAs with regard to the regulation of IAV replication. According to the regulation mode of host non-coding RNAs, the signal pathways involved, and the specific target genes, we found that a large number of host non-coding RNAs directly targeted the PB1 and PB2 proteins of IAV. Nonstructural protein 1 and other key genes regulate the replication of IAV and indirectly participate in the regulation of the retinoic acid-induced gene I-like receptor signaling pathway, toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Janus kinase signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling pathway, and other major intracellular viral response signaling pathways to regulate the replication of IAV. Based on the above findings, we mapped the regulatory network of host non-coding RNAs in the innate immune response to the influenza virus. These findings will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the function and mechanism of host non-coding RNAs in the cellular anti-virus response as well as clues to the mechanism of cell-virus interactions and the discovery of antiviral drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuejiao Liao
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Shouqing Guo
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Geng Liu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Zhenyu Qiu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
| | - Jiamin Wang
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Di Yang
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xiaojing Tian
- Life Science and Engineering College, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China;
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Ziling Qiao
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhongren Ma
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhenbin Liu
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China; (Y.L.); (S.G.); (G.L.); (Z.Q.); (J.W.); (D.Y.); (Z.Q.); (Z.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology & Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Correspondence:
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12
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Hu J, Stojanović J, Yasamineh S, Yasamineh P, Karuppannan SK, Hussain Dowlath MJ, Serati-Nouri H. The potential use of microRNAs as a therapeutic strategy for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2649-2672. [PMID: 34278528 PMCID: PMC8286877 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05152-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). To date, there is no effective therapeutic approach for treating SARS-CoV-2 infections. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized to target the viral genome directly or indirectly, thereby inhibiting viral replication. Several studies have demonstrated that host miRNAs target different sites in SARS-CoV-2 RNA and constrain the production of essential viral proteins. Furthermore, miRNAs have lower toxicity, are more immunogenic, and are more diverse than protein-based and even plasmid-DNA-based therapeutic agents. In this review, we emphasize the role of miRNAs in viral infection and their potential use as therapeutic agents against COVID-19 disease. The potential of novel miRNA delivery strategies, especially EDV™ nanocells, for targeting lung tissue for treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiulue Hu
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, China
| | - Jelena Stojanović
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science in Belgrade, ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Saman Yasamineh
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Pooneh Yasamineh
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sathish Kumar Karuppannan
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath
- Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, 603203, Kanchipuram, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hamed Serati-Nouri
- Stem cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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13
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Reed KM, Mendoza KM, Abrahante JE, Velleman SG, Strasburg GM. Data Mining Identifies Differentially Expressed Circular RNAs in Skeletal Muscle of Thermally Challenged Turkey Poults. Front Physiol 2021; 12:732208. [PMID: 34512399 PMCID: PMC8424120 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.732208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise regulation of gene expression is critical for normal muscle growth and development. Changes in gene expression patterns caused by external stressors such as temperature can have dramatic effects including altered cellular structure and function. Understanding the cellular mechanisms that underlie muscle growth and development and how these are altered by external stressors are crucial in maintaining and improving meat quality. This study investigated circular RNAs (circRNAs) as an emerging aspect of gene regulation. We used data mining to identify circRNAs and characterize their expression profiles within RNAseq data collected from thermally challenged turkey poults of the RBC2 and F-lines. From sequences of 28 paired-end libraries, 8924 unique circRNAs were predicted of which 1629 were common to all treatment groups. Expression analysis identified significant differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) in comparisons between thermal treatments (41 DECs) and between genetic lines (117 DECs). No intersection was observed between the DECs and differentially expressed gene transcripts indicating that the DECs are not simply the result of expression changes in the parental genes. Comparative analyses based on the chicken microRNA (miRNA) database suggest potential interactions between turkey circRNAs and miRNAs. Additional studies are needed to reveal the functional significance of the predicted circRNAs and their role in muscle development in response to thermal challenge. The DECs identified in this study provide an important framework for future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kent M Reed
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Kristelle M Mendoza
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Juan E Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Sandra G Velleman
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH, United States
| | - Gale M Strasburg
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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14
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Weidner J, Bartel S, Kılıç A, Zissler UM, Renz H, Schwarze J, Schmidt‐Weber CB, Maes T, Rebane A, Krauss‐Etschmann S, Rådinger M. Spotlight on microRNAs in allergy and asthma. Allergy 2021; 76:1661-1678. [PMID: 33128813 PMCID: PMC8246745 DOI: 10.1111/all.14646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In past 10 years, microRNAs (miRNAs) have gained scientific attention due to their importance in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and their potential as biomarkers in liquid biopsies. They act as master post‐transcriptional regulators that control most cellular processes. As one miRNA can target several mRNAs, often within the same pathway, dysregulated expression of miRNAs may alter particular cellular responses and contribute, or lead, to the development of various diseases. In this review, we give an overview of the current research on miRNAs in allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. Specifically, we discuss how individual miRNAs function in the regulation of immune responses in epithelial cells and specialized immune cells in response to different environmental factors and respiratory viruses. In addition, we review insights obtained from experiments with murine models of allergic airway and skin inflammation and offer an overview of studies focusing on miRNA discovery using profiling techniques and bioinformatic modeling of the network effect of multiple miRNAs. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of research into miRNA function in allergy and asthma to improve our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of this heterogeneous group of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Weidner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Krefting Research Centre Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Sabine Bartel
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology GRIAC Research Institute University Medical Center Groningen University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ayse Kılıç
- Channing Division of Network Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Ulrich M. Zissler
- Center for Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Harald Renz
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin und Pathobiochemie Philipps University of Marburg Marburg Germany
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research The University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt‐Weber
- Center for Allergy and Environment (ZAUM) Technical University of Munich and Helmholtz Center MunichGerman Research Center for Environmental Health Munich Germany
| | - Tania Maes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Ana Rebane
- Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Susanne Krauss‐Etschmann
- Research Center Borstel Borstel Germany
- Institute of Experimental Medicine Christian‐Albrechts University Kiel Kiel Germany
| | - Madeleine Rådinger
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition Krefting Research Centre Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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15
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Nam RK, Benatar T, Amemiya Y, Seth A. MiR-139 Induces an Interferon-β Response in Prostate Cancer Cells by Binding to RIG-1. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2021; 18:197-206. [PMID: 33893074 PMCID: PMC8126337 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously identified a panel of five miRNAs associated with prostate cancer recurrence and metastasis. Expression of one of the down-regulated miRNAs, miR-139-5p, was significantly associated with a lower incidence of biochemical recurrence and metastasis. Transcriptome profiling of miR-139-expressing prostate cancer cells revealed up-regulation of genes involved in interferon (IFN) stimulation. The association between miR-139 and IFN-β was further explored in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined miR-139 transfected PC3, Du145 and LNCaP cells and the associated IFN response by transcriptome sequencing, immunoblotting and pulldown assays. RESULTS Treatment of prostate cancer cells by miR-139 resulted in the up-regulation of IFN-related genes. Specifically, miR-139 induced expression of the IFN-β protein. The ability of miR-139 to induce IFN-β was due to its binding to RIG-1 and the induction of IFN-related genes was found to be dependent on RIG-1 expression. CONCLUSION miR-139 acts as an immune agonist of RIG-1 to enhance IFN-β response in prostate cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Nam
- Department of Urology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tania Benatar
- Platform Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yutaka Amemiya
- Genomics Core Facility, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arun Seth
- Platform Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;
- Genomics Core Facility, Sunnybrook Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Molecular Diagnostics, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Bamunuarachchi G, Pushparaj S, Liu L. Interplay between host non-coding RNAs and influenza viruses. RNA Biol 2021; 18:767-784. [PMID: 33404285 PMCID: PMC8078518 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1872170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza virus infection through seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics has been a major public health concern for decades. Incomplete protection from vaccination and increased antiviral resistance due to frequent mutations of influenza viruses have led to a continuous need for new therapeutic options. The functional significance of host protein and influenza virus interactions has been established, but relatively less is known about the interaction of host noncoding RNAs, including microRNAs and long noncoding RNAs, with influenza viruses. In this review, we summarize host noncoding RNA profiles during influenza virus infection and the regulation of influenza virus infection by host noncoding RNAs. Influenza viral non-coding RNAs are briefly discussed. Increased understanding of the molecular regulation of influenza viral replication will be beneficial in identifying potential therapeutic targets against the influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bamunuarachchi
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
| | - Samuel Pushparaj
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
- Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA
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Abstract
Viral infections lead to the death of more than a million people each year around the world, both directly and indirectly. Viruses interfere with many cell functions, particularly critical pathways for cell death, by affecting various intracellular mediators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a major example of these mediators because they are involved in many (if not most) cellular mechanisms. Virus-regulated miRNAs have been implicated in three cell death pathways, namely, apoptosis, autophagy, and anoikis. Several molecules (e.g., BECN1 and B cell lymphoma 2 [BCL2] family members) are involved in both apoptosis and autophagy, while activation of anoikis leads to cell death similar to apoptosis. These mechanistic similarities suggest that common regulators, including some miRNAs (e.g., miR-21 and miR-192), are involved in different cell death pathways. Because the balance between cell proliferation and cell death is pivotal to the homeostasis of the human body, miRNAs that regulate cell death pathways have drawn much attention from researchers. miR-21 is regulated by several viruses and can affect both apoptosis and anoikis via modulating various targets, such as PDCD4, PTEN, interleukin (IL)-12, Maspin, and Fas-L. miR-34 can be downregulated by viral infection and has different effects on apoptosis, depending on the type of virus and/or host cell. The present review summarizes the existing knowledge on virus-regulated miRNAs involved in the modulation of cell death pathways. Understanding the mechanisms for virus-mediated regulation of cell death pathways could provide valuable information to improve the diagnosis and treatment of many viral diseases.
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Onomoto K, Onoguchi K, Yoneyama M. Regulation of RIG-I-like receptor-mediated signaling: interaction between host and viral factors. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:539-555. [PMID: 33462384 PMCID: PMC7812568 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are RNA sensor molecules that play essential roles in innate antiviral immunity. Among the three RLRs encoded by the human genome, RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5, which contain N-terminal caspase recruitment domains, are activated upon the detection of viral RNAs in the cytoplasm of virus-infected cells. Activated RLRs induce downstream signaling via their interactions with mitochondrial antiviral signaling proteins and activate the production of type I and III interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have shown that RLR-mediated signaling is regulated by interactions with endogenous RNAs and host proteins, such as those involved in stress responses and posttranslational modifications. Since RLR-mediated cytokine production is also involved in the regulation of acquired immunity, the deregulation of RLR-mediated signaling is associated with autoimmune and autoinflammatory disorders. Moreover, RLR-mediated signaling might be involved in the aberrant cytokine production observed in coronavirus disease 2019. Since the discovery of RLRs in 2004, significant progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the activation and regulation of RLR-mediated signaling pathways. Here, we review the recent advances in the understanding of regulated RNA recognition and signal activation by RLRs, focusing on the interactions between various host and viral factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Onomoto
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Onoguchi
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Yoneyama
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8673, Japan.
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Martinez-Espinoza I, Banos-Lara MDR, Guerrero-Plata A. The Importance of miRNA Identification During Respiratory Viral Infections. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 3:207-214. [PMID: 34541575 PMCID: PMC8445226 DOI: 10.33696/immunology.3.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The expression of small non-coding RNA MicroRNAs (miRNAs) during respiratory viral infections is of critical importance as they are implicated in the viral replication, immune responses and severity of disease pathogenesis. Respiratory viral infections have an extensive impact on human health across the globe. For that is essential to understand the factors that regulate the host response against infections. The differential miRNA pattern induced by respiratory viruses has been reported, including include influenza A virus (IAV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), adenovirus (AdV), and more recently, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this commentary, we highlight the importance of miRNAs identification and the contribution of these molecules in the modulation of the immune response through the upregulation and downregulation of miRNAs expression in different immune and non-immune cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Martinez-Espinoza
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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20
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Role of microRNA and Oxidative Stress in Influenza A Virus Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238962. [PMID: 33255826 PMCID: PMC7728370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that regulate diverse cellular pathways by controlling gene expression. Increasing evidence has revealed their critical involvement in influenza A virus (IAV) pathogenesis. Host–IAV interactions induce different levels of oxidative stress (OS) by disrupting the balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant factors. It is thought that miRNA may regulate the expression of ROS; conversely, ROS can induce or suppress miRNA expression during IAV infection. Thus, miRNA and OS are the two key factors of IAV infection and pathogenesis. Accordingly, interactions between OS and miRNA during IAV infection might be a critical area for further research. In this review, we discuss the crosstalk between miRNAs and OS during IAV infection. Additionally, we highlight the potential of miRNAs as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for IAV infections. This knowledge will help us to study host–virus interactions with novel intervention strategies.
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21
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The Airway Epithelium-A Central Player in Asthma Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238907. [PMID: 33255348 PMCID: PMC7727704 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable airflow obstruction in response to a wide range of exogenous stimuli. The airway epithelium is the first line of defense and plays an important role in initiating host defense and controlling immune responses. Indeed, increasing evidence indicates a range of abnormalities in various aspects of epithelial barrier function in asthma. A central part of this impairment is a disruption of the airway epithelial layer, allowing inhaled substances to pass more easily into the submucosa where they may interact with immune cells. Furthermore, many of the identified susceptibility genes for asthma are expressed in the airway epithelium. This review focuses on the biology of the airway epithelium in health and its pathobiology in asthma. We will specifically discuss external triggers such as allergens, viruses and alarmins and the effect of type 2 inflammatory responses on airway epithelial function in asthma. We will also discuss epigenetic mechanisms responding to external stimuli on the level of transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression, as well the airway epithelium as a potential treatment target in asthma.
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Toy R, Keenum MC, Pradhan P, Phang K, Chen P, Chukwu C, Nguyen LAH, Liu J, Jain S, Kozlowski G, Hosten J, Suthar MS, Roy K. TLR7 and RIG-I dual-adjuvant loaded nanoparticles drive broadened and synergistic responses in dendritic cells in vitro and generate unique cellular immune responses in influenza vaccination. J Control Release 2020; 330:866-877. [PMID: 33160004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the existing flu vaccines elicit strong antigen-specific antibody responses, they fail to provide effective, long term protection - partly due to the absence of robust cellular memory immunity. We hypothesized that co-administration of combination adjuvants, mirroring the flu-virus related innate signaling pathways, could elicit strong cellular immunity. Here, we show that the small molecule adjuvant R848 and the RNA adjuvant PUUC, targeting endosomal TLR7s and cytoplasmic RLRs respectively, when delivered together in polymer nanoparticles (NP), elicits a broadened immune responses in mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (mBMDCs) and a synergistic response in both mouse and human plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). In mBMDCs, NP-R848-PUUC induced both NF-κB and interferon signaling. Interferon responses to co-delivered R848 and PUUC were additive in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and synergistic in human FLT3-differentiated mBMDCs and CAL-1 pDCs. Vaccination with NPs loaded with H1N1 Flu antigen, R848, and PUUC increased percentage of CD8+ T-cells in the lungs, percentage of antigen-specific CD4-T-cells in the spleen, and enhanced overall cytokine-secreting T cell percentages upon antigen restimulation. Also, in the spleen, T lymphopenia, especially after in vitro restimulation with dual adjuvants, was observed, indicating highly antigen-reactive T cells. Our results demonstrate that simultaneous engagement of TLR7 and RIG-I pathways using particulate carriers is a potential approach to improve cellular immunity in flu vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall Toy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - M Cole Keenum
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pallab Pradhan
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Katelynn Phang
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Patrick Chen
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Chinwendu Chukwu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lily Anh H Nguyen
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jiaying Liu
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Sambhav Jain
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gabrielle Kozlowski
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Justin Hosten
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Mehul S Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Krishnendu Roy
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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23
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Bamunuarachchi G, Yang X, Huang C, Liang Y, Guo Y, Liu L. MicroRNA-206 inhibits influenza A virus replication by targeting tankyrase 2. Cell Microbiol 2020; 23:e13281. [PMID: 33099847 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Due to the frequent mutations, influenza A virus (IAV) becomes resistant to anti-viral drugs targeting influenza viral proteins. There are increasing interests in anti-viral agents that target host cellular proteins required for virus replication. Tankyrase (TNKS) has poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase activity and is a negative regulator of many host proteins. The objectives of this study are to study the role of TNKS2 in IAV infection, identify the microRNAs targeting TNKS2, and to understand the mechanisms involved. We found that TNKS2 expression was elevated in human lung epithelial cells and mouse lungs during IAV infection. Knock-down of TNKS2 by RNA interference reduced viral replication. Using a computation approach and 3'-untranslation regions (3'-UTR) reporter assay, we identified miR-206 as the microRNA that targeted TNKS2. Overexpression of miR-206 reduced viral protein levels and virus production in cell culture. The effect of miR-206 on IAV replication was strain-independent. miR-206 activated JNK/c-Jun signalling, induced type I interferon expression and enhanced Stat signalling. Finally, the delivery of an adenovirus expressing miR-206 into the lung of mice challenged with IAV increased type I interferon response, suppressed viral load in the lungs and increased survival. Our results indicate that miR-206 has anti-influenza activity by targeting TNKS2 and subsequently activating the anti-viral state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bamunuarachchi
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.,Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Xiaoyun Yang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.,Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Chaoqun Huang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.,Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yurong Liang
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.,Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| | | | - Lin Liu
- Oklahoma Center for Respiratory and Infectious Diseases, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA.,Lundberg-Kienlen Lung Biology and Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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Foot-and-mouth disease virus degrades Rab27a to suppress the exosome-mediated antiviral immune response. Vet Microbiol 2020; 251:108889. [PMID: 33223235 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious infection caused by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that mediate antiviral immune responses in host cells and could be used by pathogens to evade host cell immune responses. Whether FMDV affects exosome secretion or whether exosomes derived from FMDV-infected cells mediate host cell antiviral immune responses is not yet clarified. In this study, the exosomes were identified and extracted from FMDV-infected PK-15 cells, and it was found that FMDV inhibits exosome secretion. Further investigation revealed that FMDV suppresses exosomes by degrading Rab27a via the autophagy-lysosome pathway. Also, microRNA (miRNA) differential analysis was performed in exosomes, which revealed that miRNA-136 was highly differentially expressed in exosomes and may be the key miRNA that inhibits the proliferation of FMDV. In summary, these results showed that host cells take advantage of exosomes to mediate their antiviral immune response, while FMDV evades exosome-mediated immune responses by degrading the exosome molecular switch, Rab27a.
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25
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Lefkopoulos S, Polyzou A, Derecka M, Bergo V, Clapes T, Cauchy P, Jerez-Longres C, Onishi-Seebacher M, Yin N, Martagon-Calderón NA, Potts KS, Klaeylé L, Liu F, Bowman TV, Jenuwein T, Mione MC, Trompouki E. Repetitive Elements Trigger RIG-I-like Receptor Signaling that Regulates the Emergence of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells. Immunity 2020; 53:934-951.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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26
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Stok JE, Vega Quiroz ME, van der Veen AG. Self RNA Sensing by RIG-I–like Receptors in Viral Infection and Sterile Inflammation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 205:883-891. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2000488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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27
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Sartorius K, Swadling L, An P, Makarova J, Winkler C, Chuturgoon A, Kramvis A. The Multiple Roles of Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (HBx) Dysregulated MicroRNA in Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HBV-HCC) and Immune Pathways. Viruses 2020; 12:v12070746. [PMID: 32664401 PMCID: PMC7412373 DOI: 10.3390/v12070746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [HBV-HCC] relies on blunt tools that are unable to offer effective therapy for later stage pathogenesis. The potential of miRNA to treat HBV-HCC offer a more targeted approach to managing this lethal carcinoma; however, the complexity of miRNA as an ancillary regulator of the immune system remains poorly understood. This review examines the overlapping roles of HBx-dysregulated miRNA in HBV-HCC and immune pathways and seeks to demonstrate that specific miRNA response in immune cells is not independent of their expression in hepatocytes. This interplay between the two pathways may provide us with the possibility of using candidate miRNA to manipulate this interaction as a potential therapeutic option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt Sartorius
- Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa;
- UKZN Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Centre, Durban 4041, South Africa
- Correspondence:
| | - Leo Swadling
- Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London WC1E6BT, UK;
| | - Ping An
- Basic Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick Nat. Lab. for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20878, USA; (P.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Julia Makarova
- National Research University Higher School of Economics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, 10100 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Cheryl Winkler
- Basic Research Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc. Frederick Nat. Lab. for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 20878, USA; (P.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Anil Chuturgoon
- Department of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa;
| | - Anna Kramvis
- Hepatitis Virus Diversity Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
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28
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Rehwinkel J, Gack MU. RIG-I-like receptors: their regulation and roles in RNA sensing. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:537-551. [PMID: 32203325 PMCID: PMC7094958 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 792] [Impact Index Per Article: 198.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are key sensors of virus infection, mediating the transcriptional induction of type I interferons and other genes that collectively establish an antiviral host response. Recent studies have revealed that both viral and host-derived RNAs can trigger RLR activation; this can lead to an effective antiviral response but also immunopathology if RLR activities are uncontrolled. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in our understanding of the types of RNA sensed by RLRs in the contexts of viral infection, malignancies and autoimmune diseases. We further describe how the activity of RLRs is controlled by host regulatory mechanisms, including RLR-interacting proteins, post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. Finally, we discuss key outstanding questions in the RLR field, including how our knowledge of RLR biology could be translated into new therapeutics. The RNA-sensing retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) are important inducers of type I interferons and other antiviral immune mediators. Here, Jan Rehwinkel and Michaela Gack explain how members of the RLR family are regulated and reflect on the importance of the RLRs in viral infection, autoimmunity and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rehwinkel
- Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Michaela U Gack
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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29
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Xu W, Fang S, Wang Y, Chi X, Ma X, Zhang T, Hu S. Receptor and signaling pathway involved in bovine lymphocyte activation by Atractylodis macrocephalae polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 234:115906. [PMID: 32070525 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.115906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying lymphocyte activation by total polysaccharides from Atractylodis macrocephalae (RAMPtp). The results showed that RAMPtp significantly promoted the secretions of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1α, IL-21, IFN-α, CCL4, CXCL9 and CXCL10), increased the proportions of CD4+ and CD8+ subpopulations, and enhanced the expressions of c-JUN, NFAT4, STAT1 and STAT3. microRNA sequencing identified 67 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) in RAMPtp-stimulated SMLN lymphocytes, including 55 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the predicted DEMs-targeted genes indicated that they were associated with immune system pathways, including PI3K-Akt, MAPKs, Jak-STAT and Calcium signaling pathways, which were confirmed by western blot and pathway inhibition assays. RAMPtp was further observed to favor immunostimulatory effect on both T and B lymphocytes via binding to TCR and membrane Ig individually. These findings might explain the immunomodulatory mechanism of RAMPtp in ameliorating the bovine intramammary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Sijia Fang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Xiaoqing Chi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Xiaodan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, PR China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hang Zhou, 310058, PR China.
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30
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Zheng B, Zhou J, Wang H. Host microRNAs and exosomes that modulate influenza virus infection. Virus Res 2020; 279:197885. [PMID: 31981772 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.197885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate over half of human protein-coding genes and play a vital role in cellular development, proliferation, metabolism, and homeostasis. Exosomes are rounded or cup-like extracellular vesicles that carry proteins, mRNAs, miRNAs, and lipids for release and exchange messages between cells involved in various cellular processes. Influenza virus is a substantial public health challenge. The expression of host miRNAs is altered in response to stimulation by influenza virus. These dysregulated miRNAs directly or indirectly target viral genes to regulate viral replication and stimulate or suppress innate immune responses and cell apoptosis during viral infection. Exosomes released by infected cells are associated with the transfer of antigens and key molecules that activate and modulate immune function. Dysregulation of miRNAs and secretion of exosomes are associated with pathogenicity and immune regulation during influenza infection. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the information available regarding host miRNAs and exosomes that are involved in the modulation of influenza virus infection and will facilitate the development of preventative or therapeutic strategies against influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojia Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Junmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases Control, Ministry of Education, and Deparment of Medical Microbiology, Zhongshan Medical College, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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31
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Qiu Y, Geng X, Ban J, Liu Y. MicroRNA-218 inhibits type I interferon production and facilitates virus immune evasion via targeting RIG-I. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2020; 67:396-403. [PMID: 31912548 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The host protective immunity against viral infection requires the effective detection of viral antigens and the subsequent production of type I interferons (IFNs) by host immune cells. Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) is the crucial signaling element responsible for sensing viral RNA component and initiating the downstream antiviral signaling pathways, leading to the production of type I IFNs. In this work, we identified microRNA-218 (miR-218) as a new virus-induced miRNA that dampens the expression of RIG-I in mouse and human macrophages, leading to the impaired production of type I IFNs. Interfering miR-218 expression rescued RIG-I-mediated antiviral signaling and thus protected macrophages from viral infection. Hence, our results provide new understanding of miRNA-mediated viral immune evasion and may be potentially useful for the treatment of viral infection in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongle Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xixue Geng
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Medicine Hospital in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jiandong Ban
- Department of Stomatology, Hebei Eye Hospital, Xingtai, Hebei, China
| | - Yuanhang Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Second Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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32
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Lin X, Yu S, Ren P, Sun X, Jin M. Human microRNA-30 inhibits influenza virus infection by suppressing the expression of SOCS1, SOCS3, and NEDD4. Cell Microbiol 2019; 22:e13150. [PMID: 31876380 PMCID: PMC7162240 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) has evolved multiple mechanisms to compromise type I interferon (IFN) responses. The antiviral function of IFN is mainly exerted by activating the JAK/STAT signalling and subsequently inducing IFN‐stimulated gene (ISG) production. However, the mechanism by which IAV combat the type I IFN signalling pathway is not fully elucidated. In this study, we explored the roles of human microRNAs modulated by IAV infection in type I IFN responses. We demonstrated that microRNA‐30 (miR‐30) family members were downregulated by IAV infection. Our data showed that the forced expression of miR‐30 family members inhibited IAV proliferation, while miR‐30 family member inhibitors promoted IAV proliferation. Mechanistically, we found that miR‐30 family members targeted and reduced SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression, and thus relieved their inhibiting effects on IFN/JAK/STAT signalling pathway. In addition, miR‐30 family members inhibited the expression of NEDD4, a negative regulator of IFITM3, which is important for host defence against influenza viruses. Our findings suggest that IAV utilises a novel strategy to restrain host type I IFN‐mediated antiviral immune responses by decreasing the expression of miR‐30 family members, and add a new way to understand the mechanism of immune escape caused by influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiman Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peilei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.,The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
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33
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Jang SI, Tandon M, Teos L, Zheng C, Warner BM, Alevizos I. Dual function of miR-1248 links interferon induction and calcium signaling defects in Sjögren's syndrome. EBioMedicine 2019; 48:526-538. [PMID: 31597594 PMCID: PMC6838412 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is one of the most common autoimmune disorders leading to exocrine gland dysfunction. Both immune-dependent processes - like Type I Interferon (IFN) signaling and immune-independent processes - such as calcium signaling in epithelial cells - contribute to disease pathophysiology. However, a mechanistic link between these processes has not been demonstrated. METHODS Primary human salivary gland cells were used to evaluate the differential expression of miRNAs with smRNA-seq in primary epithelial cells culture and digital PCR was conducted in SS human salivary glands (SG) biopsies to verify the results. With siRNA screening and pull-down assays to establish the role of miRNA in IFN activation. FINDINGS Activation of IFN-β by miR-1248 is through the direct association with both RIG-I and AGO2. Further functional studies establish a unique dual functional role of miR-1248 in phSG cells: i) activation of the RIG-I pathway by acting as ligand of this sensor leading to IFN production and ii) regulation of the expression of mRNAs through the canonical microRNA function. Importantly, ITPR3, a key component of calcium signaling in epithelial cells, that has previously shown to be downregulated in SS SG, was directly targeted and downregulated by miR-1248, inducing the same functional calcium signaling changes as observed in SS SGs. INTERPRETATION Identification of the first endogenous mammalian microRNA that binds to RIG-I inducing IFN production but also demonstrate a novel pathophysiological underlying mechanism in which miR-1248 overexpression links two major pathways associated with SS, namely activation of IFN production with modulation of calcium signaling. Together, these findings suggest a unifying hypothesis for the immune-independent and -dependent processes contributing to the pathogenesis of SS. FUND: This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyh-Ing Jang
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mayank Tandon
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leyla Teos
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - ChangYu Zheng
- Molecular Physiology and Therapeutics, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Blake M Warner
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ilias Alevizos
- Sjögren's Syndrome and Salivary Gland Dysfunction Unit, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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34
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Qin L, Lin J, Xie X. CircRNA-9119 suppresses poly I:C induced inflammation in Leydig and Sertoli cells via TLR3 and RIG-I signal pathways. Mol Med 2019; 25:28. [PMID: 31195953 PMCID: PMC6567632 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-019-0094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) contribute to the epigenetic modulation of pathological and physiological conditions. The understanding of the impact of circRNAs on generation of testicular inflammatory reactions is insufficient. Methods Our research adopted a poly I:C-triggered testicular inflammation murine model and cell assays. Results Microarray data and quantitative evaluation revealed the elevation in the concentrations of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), circRNA-9119, and retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and repression in the levels of miR-136 and miR-26a. Inhibition of circRNA-9119 expression impaired the inflammatory reactions in the separated Leydig and Sertoli cells subjected to poly I:C treatment. CircRNA-9119 suppressed the expression of miR-136 and miR-26a by acting as a microRNA sponge. miR-136 and miR-26a repressed the expression of RIG-I and TLR3 through the expected target region in Leydig and Sertoli cells in vitro. Inhibition of miR-136 and miR-26a expression, at least in part, restored the expression of inflammatory cytokines, which were inhibited upon circRNA-9119 expression silencing. Furthermore, the expression of circRNA-9119 was positively associated with RIG-I and TLR3 mRNA and protein levels. The expression of inflammatory genes triggered by poly I:C treatment was noticeably suppressed after RIG-I and TLR3 knockout. Conclusions Our results suggest that circRNA-9119 may serve as a competing endogenous RNA that insulated miR-136 and miR-26a and consequently defended RIG-I and TLR3 mRNAs against miR-26a/miR-136-mediated inhibition of testicular cells. Moreover, RIG-I and TLR3 contributed to the modulation of poly I:C-triggered inflammatory cytokine generation during orchitis in testicular cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s10020-019-0094-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, West College Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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35
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Lee JH, Chiang C, Gack MU. Endogenous Nucleic Acid Recognition by RIG-I-Like Receptors and cGAS. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2019; 39:450-458. [PMID: 31066607 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2019.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune defense of mammalian hosts relies on its capacity to detect invading pathogens and then directly eliminate them or help guide adaptive immune responses. Recognition of microbial DNA and RNA by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is central to the detection of pathogens by initiating cytokine-mediated innate immunity. In contrast, disturbance of this pathogen surveillance system can result in aberrant innate immune activation, leading to proinflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Among the many important PRRs are proteins of the retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) family as well as cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which detect viral RNA and DNA, respectively, within the host cell. Intriguingly, recent evidence has shown that "unmasked," misprocessed, or mislocalized host-derived RNA or DNA molecules can also be recognized by RLRs or cGAS, thereby triggering antiviral host defenses or causing inflammation. Here, we review recent advances of endogenous nucleic acid recognition by RLRs and cGAS during viral infection and systemic proinflammatory/autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cindy Chiang
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Michaela U Gack
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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Otabe T, Nagano K, Kawai G, Murata A, Nakatani K. Inhibition of pre-miRNA-136 processing by Dicer with small molecule BzDANP suggested the formation of ternary complex of pre-miR-136–BzDANP–Dicer. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2140-2148. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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37
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Zhao L, Zhang X, Wu Z, Huang K, Sun X, Chen H, Jin M. The Downregulation of MicroRNA hsa-miR-340-5p in IAV-Infected A549 Cells Suppresses Viral Replication by Targeting RIG-I and OAS2. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 14:509-519. [PMID: 30753994 PMCID: PMC6370596 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The influenza A virus poses serious public health challenges worldwide. Strikingly, small noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) that modulate gene expression are closely involved in antiviral responses, although the underlying mechanisms are essentially unknown. We now report that microRNA-340 (miR340) is downregulated following influenza A and other RNA virus infections, implying that host cells deplete miR340 as an antiviral defense mechanism. Accordingly, the inhibition or knockdown of endogenous miR340 clearly prevents the infection of cultured cells, whereas the forced expression of miR340 significantly enhances virus replication. Using next-generation sequencing, we found that miR340 attenuates cellular antiviral immunity. Moreover, mechanistic studies defined miR340 as a repressor of RIG-I and OAS2, critical factors for the establishment of an antiviral response. Collectively, these data indicate that host cells may lower their viral loads by regulating miRNA pathways, which may, in turn, provide new opportunities for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianzhong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Kun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
| | - Meilin Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Laboratory of Animal Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China.
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38
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Zhao Y, Lin Q, Li N, Babu VS, Fu X, Liu L, Liang H, Liu X, Lin L. MicroRNAs profiles of Chinese Perch Brain (CPB) cells infected with Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:1075-1082. [PMID: 30423456 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs, which widely participate in biological processes. In recent years, Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) has caused mass mortality in Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). To identify specific miRNAs involved in SCRV infection, deep sequencing of microRNA on Chinese perch brain cell line (CPB) with or without SCRV infection were performed at 6 and 12 h post of infection (hpi). Totally 382 miRNAs were identified, including 217 known miRNA aligned with zebrafish miRNAs and 165 novel miRNAs by MiRDeep2 program. Of which 15 and 35 differentially-expressed miRNAs were determined respectively to 6 and 12 hpi. Nine miRNAs were selected randomly from the differentially-expressed miRNAs and validated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These results were consistent with the microRNA sequencing results. Besides, target genes of 98 differentially-expressed miRNAs were predicted. Three of miRNAs (miR-122, miR-214, miR-135a) were selected, and its effects were analyzed in CPC cells transfected with appropriate miRNA mimics/inhibitors to evaluate its regulation effects by qRT-PCR and western blot. The results demonstrated that miR-214 inhibited the replication of SCRV, while miR-122 promoted the replication of SCRV and there was no correlation between the miR-135a and SCRV replication. These results will pave a new way for the development of effective strategies against the SCRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Zhao
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China; Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China.
| | - Ningqiu Li
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - V Sarath Babu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Xiaozhe Fu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Lihui Liu
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Hongru Liang
- Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Li Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Waterfowl Breeding, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China.
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39
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Leon-Icaza SA, Zeng M, Rosas-Taraco AG. microRNAs in viral acute respiratory infections: immune regulation, biomarkers, therapy, and vaccines. EXRNA 2019; 1:1. [PMID: 34171007 PMCID: PMC7149109 DOI: 10.1186/s41544-018-0004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded RNAs of 17-24 nt. These molecules regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are differentially expressed in viral acute respiratory infections (ARIs), which are responsible for high morbidity and mortality around the world. In recent years, miRNAs have been studied in order to discover anti-viral ARI drug targets as well as biomarkers for diagnosis, severity, and prognosis. This review presents an analysis of the regulatory response to viral ARIs of miRNAs, including their participation in the innate immune response, their utility as biomarkers, and their potential for future therapies and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen A. Leon-Icaza
- 0000 0001 2203 0321grid.411455.0Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL Mexico ,grid.449768.0Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905-2827 USA
| | - Mingtao Zeng
- grid.449768.0Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX 79905-2827 USA
| | - Adrian G. Rosas-Taraco
- 0000 0001 2203 0321grid.411455.0Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, NL Mexico
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40
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Nguyen TH, Liu X, Su ZZ, Hsu ACY, Foster PS, Yang M. Potential Role of MicroRNAs in the Regulation of Antiviral Responses to Influenza Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1541. [PMID: 30022983 PMCID: PMC6039551 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a major health burden worldwide and is caused by influenza viruses that are enveloped and negative stranded RNA viruses. Little progress has been achieved in targeted intervention, either at a population level or at an individual level (to treat the cause), due to the toxicity of drugs and ineffective vaccines against influenza viruses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play critical roles in gene expression, cell differentiation, and tissue development and have been shown to silence viral replication in a sequence-specific manner. Investigation of these small endogenous nucleotides may lead to new therapeutics against influenza virus infection. Here, we describe our current understanding of the role of miRNAs in host defense response against influenza virus, as well as their potential and limitation as new therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Hiep Nguyen
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Zhen Zhong Su
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, ChangChun, China
| | - Alan Chen-Yu Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul S Foster
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Ming Yang
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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41
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Elion DL, Cook RS. Harnessing RIG-I and intrinsic immunity in the tumor microenvironment for therapeutic cancer treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 9:29007-29017. [PMID: 29989043 PMCID: PMC6034747 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapies that remove checkpoint restraints on adaptive immunity are gaining clinical momentum. Approaches aimed at intrinsic cellular immunity in the tumor microenvironment are less understood, but are of intense interest, based on their ability to induce tumor cell apoptosis while orchestrating innate and adaptive immune responses against tumor antigens. The intrinsic immune response is initiated by ancient, highly conserved intracellular proteins that detect viral infection. For example, the RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), a family of related RNA helicases, detect viral oligonucleotide patterns of certain RNA viruses. RLR activation induces immunogenic cell death of virally infected cells, accompanied by increased inflammatory cytokine production, antigen presentation, and antigen-directed immunity against virus antigens. Approaches aimed at non-infectious RIG-I activation in cancers are being tested as a treatment option, with the goal of inducing immunogenic tumor cell death, stimulating production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhancing tumor neoantigen presentation, and potently increasing cytotoxic activity of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. These studies are finding success in several pre-clinical models, and are entering early phases of clinical trial. Here, we review pre-clinical studies of RLR agonists, including the successes and challenges currently faced RLR agonists on the path to clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Elion
- Cancer Biology Program, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rebecca S Cook
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University School of Engineering, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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42
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Lai Y, Zhao L, Hu J, Quan J, Chen P, Xu J, Guan X, Lai Y, Ni L. microRNA‑181a‑5p functions as an oncogene in renal cell carcinoma. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:8510-8517. [PMID: 29693121 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most common urinary tumors. Previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA (miR)‑181a‑5p has an important role in numerous types of cancer. However, the function of miR‑181a‑5p in RCC remains unknown. In the present study, the expression levels of miR‑181a‑5p in RCC tissues and cell lines were investigated using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR) analysis. The results of the RT‑qPCR analyses suggested that the expression of miR‑181a‑5p was upregulated in RCC tissues and cells lines compared with adjacent normal renal tissues and normal renal cell lines. Furthermore, the effect of miR‑181a‑5p on cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis was investigated in the present study. Overexpression of miR‑181a‑5p was revealed to suppress the apoptosis of 786‑O and ACHN cells, in addition to enhancing the proliferation, migration and invasion abilities of 786‑O and ACHN cells in vitro, thus suggesting that miR‑181a‑5p may function as an oncogene in RCC. However, further studies are required to investigate the underlying mechanism of miR‑181a‑5p and its potential role as a biomarker for early detection and prognosis, in addition to as a therapeutic target in RCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Liwen Zhao
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jia Hu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jing Quan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Peijie Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Jinling Xu
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Yongqing Lai
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Liangchao Ni
- Department of Urology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
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43
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Chen Y, Thomas PS, Kumar RK, Herbert C. The role of noncoding RNAs in regulating epithelial responses in COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L184-L192. [PMID: 29722561 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00063.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the leading causes of death in the world, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways usually caused by long-term exposure to inhaled irritants. Airway epithelial cells (AECs) play a key role in initializing COPD and driving the exacerbation of this disease through the release of various cytokines. This AEC-derived cytokine response is tightly regulated possibly through the regulatory effects of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Although the importance of ncRNAs in pulmonary diseases has been increasingly realized, little is known about the role of ncRNA in the regulation of inflammatory responses in COPD. This review outlines the features of AEC-derived cytokine responses in COPD and how ncRNAs regulate these inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Chen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Paul S Thomas
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital , Sydney , Australia
| | - Rakesh K Kumar
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Cristan Herbert
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
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44
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Zhang S, Li J, Li J, Yang Y, Kang X, Li Y, Wu X, Zhu Q, Zhou Y, Hu Y. Up-regulation of microRNA-203 in influenza A virus infection inhibits viral replication by targeting DR1. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6797. [PMID: 29717211 PMCID: PMC5931597 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25073-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that play important roles in various biological processes. Much evidence shows that miRNAs are closely associated with numerous virus infections; however, involvement of cellular miRNAs in influenza A virus (IAV) infection is unclear. Here, we found that expression of miR-203 was up-regulated markedly via two different mechanisms during IAV infection. First, we examined the effects of type I interferon induced by IAV on direct activation of miR-203 expression. Next, we showed that DNA demethylation within the miR-203 promoter region in A549 cells induced its up-regulation, and that expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 was down-regulated following H5N1 virus infection. Ectopic expression of miR-203 in turn inhibited H5N1 virus replication by targeting down-regulator of transcription 1 (DR1), which was identified as a novel target of miR-203. Silencing DR1 in miR-203 knockout cells using a specific siRNA inhibited replication of the H5N1 virus, an effect similar to that of miR-203. In summary, the data show that host cell expression of miR-203 is up-regulated upon IAV infection, which increases antiviral responses by suppressing a novel target gene, DR1. Thus, we have identified a novel mechanism underlying the relationship between miR-203 and IAV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Junfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinhui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
| | - Yusen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China.
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45
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Fu C, Luo J, Ye S, Yuan Z, Li S. Integrated Lung and Tracheal mRNA-Seq and miRNA-Seq Analysis of Dogs with an Avian-Like H5N1 Canine Influenza Virus Infection. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:303. [PMID: 29556219 PMCID: PMC5844969 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Avian-like H5N1 canine influenza virus (CIV) causes severe respiratory infections in dogs. However, the mechanism underlying H5N1 CIV infection in dogs is unknown. The present study aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs in the lungs and trachea in H5N1 CIV-infected dogs through a next-generation sequencing-based method. Eighteen 40-day-old beagles were inoculated intranasally with CIV, A/canine/01/Guangdong/2013 (H5N1) at a tissue culture infectious dose 50 (TCID50) of 106, and lung and tracheal tissues were harvested at 3 and 7 d post-inoculation. The tissues were processed for miRNA and mRNA analysis. By means of miRNA-gene expression integrative negative analysis, we found miRNA–mRNA pairs. Lung and trachea tissues showed 138 and 135 negative miRNA–mRNA pairs, respectively. One hundred and twenty negative miRNA–mRNA pairs were found between the different tissues. In particular, pathways including the influenza A pathway, chemokine signaling pathways, and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway were significantly enriched in all groups in responses to virus infection. Furthermore, dysregulation of miRNA and mRNA expression was observed in the respiratory tract of H5N1 CIV-infected dogs and notably, TLR4 (miR-146), NF-κB (miR-34c) and CCL5 (miR-335), CCL10 (miR-8908-5p), and GNGT2 (miR-122) were found to play important roles in regulating pathways that resist virus infection. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to analyze miRNA and mRNA expression in H5N1 CIV-infected dogs; furthermore, the present findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaotang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziguo Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Technological Engineering Research Center for Pet, Guangzhou, China
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Peng S, Wang J, Wei S, Li C, Zhou K, Hu J, Ye X, Yan J, Liu W, Gao GF, Fang M, Meng S. Endogenous Cellular MicroRNAs Mediate Antiviral Defense against Influenza A Virus. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 10:361-375. [PMID: 29499948 PMCID: PMC5862538 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reciprocal interaction between influenza virus and host microRNAs (miRNAs) has been implicated in the regulation of viral replication and host tropism. However, the global roles of the cellular miRNA repertoire and the mechanisms of miRNA-mediated antiviral defense await further elucidation. In this study, we systematically screened 297 cellular miRNAs from human and mouse epithelial cells and identified five inhibitory miRNAs that efficiently inhibited influenza virus replication in vitro and in vivo. Among these miRNAs, hsa-mir-127-3p, hsa-mir-486-5p, hsa-mir-593-5p, and mmu-mir-487b-5p were found to target at least one viral gene segment of both the human seasonal influenza H3N2 and the attenuated PR8 (H1N1) virus, whereas hsa-miR-1-3p inhibited viral replication by targeting the supportive host factor ATP6V1A. Moreover, the number of miRNA binding sites in viral RNA segments was positively associated with the activity of host miRNA-induced antiviral defense. Treatment with a combination of the five miRNAs through agomir delivery pronouncedly suppressed viral replication and effectively improved protection against lethal challenge with PR8 in mice. These data suggest that the highly expressed miRNAs in respiratory epithelial cells elicit effective antiviral defenses against influenza A viruses and will be useful for designing miRNA-based therapies against viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanxin Peng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Songtao Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Changfei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jun Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Xin Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jinghua Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Wenjun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - George F Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
| | - Min Fang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China; International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Songdong Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China; Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Gregory DJ, Kramnik I, Kobzik L. Protection of macrophages from intracellular pathogens by miR-182-5p mimic-a gene expression meta-analysis approach. FEBS J 2017; 285:244-260. [PMID: 29197182 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to (a) define which host genes are of particular importance during the interactions between macrophages and intracellular pathogens, and (b) use this knowledge to gain fresh, experimental understanding of how macrophage activities may be manipulated during host defense. We designed an in silico method for meta-analysis of microarray gene expression data, and used this to combine data from 16 different studies of cells in the monocyte-macrophage lineage infected with seven different pathogens. Three thousand four hundred ninety-eight genes were identified, which we call the macrophage intracellular pathogen response (macIPR) gene set. As expected, the macIPR gene set showed a strong bias toward genes previously associated with the immune response. Predicted target sites for miR-182-5p (miR-182) were strongly over-represented among macIPR genes, indicating an unexpected role for miR-182-regulatable genes during intracellular pathogenesis. We therefore transfected primary human alveolar macrophage-like monocyte-derived macrophages from multiple different donors with synthetic miR-182, and found that miR-182 overexpression (a) increases proinflammatory gene induction during infection with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS), (b) primes macrophages for increased autophagy, and (c) enhances macrophage control of both gram negative F. tularensisLVS and gram positive Bacillus anthracisANR-1 spores. These data therefore suggest a new application for miR-182 in promoting resistance to intracellular pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Gregory
- Molecular and Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Igor Kramnik
- Pulmonary Center, Department of Medicine, National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University School of Medicine, MA, USA
| | - Lester Kobzik
- Molecular and Physiological Sciences Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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48
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Zhou P, Tu L, Lin X, Hao X, Zheng Q, Zeng W, Zhang X, Zheng Y, Wang L, Li S. cfa-miR-143 Promotes Apoptosis via the p53 Pathway in Canine Influenza Virus H3N2-Infected Cells. Viruses 2017; 9:v9120360. [PMID: 29186842 PMCID: PMC5744135 DOI: 10.3390/v9120360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate multiple aspects of the host response to viral infection. This study verified that the expression of cfa-miR-143 was upregulated in vivo and in vitro by canine influenza virus (CIV) H3N2 infection. To understand the role of cfa-miR-143 in CIV-infected cells, the target gene of cfa-miR-143 was identified and assessed for correlations with proteins involved in the apoptosis pathway. A dual luciferase reporter assay showed that cfa-miR-143 targets insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (Igfbp5). Furthermore, a miRNA agomir and antagomir of cfa-miR-143 caused the downregulation and upregulation of Igfbp5, respectively, in CIV-infected madin-darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells. This study demonstrated that cfa-miR-143 stimulated p53 and caspase3 activation and induced apoptosis via the p53 pathway in CIV H3N2-infected cells. In conclusion, CIV H3N2 induced the upregulation of cfa-miR-143, which contributes to apoptosis via indirectly activating the p53-caspase3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Liqing Tu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xiangqi Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Qingxu Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Weijie Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yun Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Lifang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control for Severe Clinical Animal Diseases, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Pet Engineering Technology Research Center, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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49
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Xu XX, Wan H, Nie L, Shao T, Xiang LX, Shao JZ. RIG-I: a multifunctional protein beyond a pattern recognition receptor. Protein Cell 2017; 9:246-253. [PMID: 28593618 PMCID: PMC5829270 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-017-0431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It was widely known that retinoic acid inducible gene I (RIG-I) functions as a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor that initiates innate antiviral immunity by detecting exogenous viral RNAs. However, recent studies showed that RIG-I participates in other various cellular activities by sensing endogenous RNAs under different circumstances. For example, RIG-I facilitates the therapy resistance and expansion of breast cancer cells and promotes T cell-independent B cell activation through interferon signaling activation by recognizing non-coding RNAs and endogenous retroviruses in certain situations. While in hepatocellular carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia, RIG-I acts as a tumor suppressor through either augmenting STAT1 activation by competitively binding STAT1 against its negative regulator SHP1 or inhibiting AKT-mTOR signaling pathway by directly interacting with Src respectively. These new findings suggest that RIG-I plays more diverse roles in various cellular life activities, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, than previously known. Taken together, the function of RIG-I exceeds far beyond that of a pattern recognition receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Han Wan
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li Nie
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Tong Shao
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Li-Xin Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Jian-Zhong Shao
- Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China.
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50
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Feng C, Fu Y, Chen D, Wang H, Su A, Zhang L, Chang L, Zheng N, Wu Z. miR-127-5p negatively regulates enterovirus 71 replication by directly targeting SCARB2. FEBS Open Bio 2017; 7:747-758. [PMID: 28593131 PMCID: PMC5458453 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the major causative agent of hand‐foot‐and‐mouth disease in young children and can cause severe cerebral and pulmonary complications and even fatality. This study aimed at elucidating whether and how EV71 infection is regulated by a cellular microRNA, miR‐127‐5p. We found that miR‐127‐5p can downregulate the expression of SCARB2, a main receptor of EV71, by targeting two potential sites in its 3′ UTR region and inhibit EV71 infection. Meanwhile, miR‐127‐5p expression was upregulated during EV71 infection. Notably, transfecting cells with miR‐127‐5p mimics led to a significant decrease in viral replication, while inhibition of endogenous miR‐127‐5p facilitated viral replication. Furthermore, our evidence showed that miR‐127‐5p did not affect postentry viral replication. Taken together, these results indicated that miR‐127‐5p inhibited EV71 replication by targeting the SCARB2 mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Feng
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,School of life sciences Nanjing University China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Deyan Chen
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Huanru Wang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Airong Su
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Liang Chang
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Nanjing University China.,Medical School and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanjing University China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research Medical School Nanjing University China.,State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science Nanjing University China.,Medical School and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine Nanjing University China
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