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Hristovska I, Binette AP, Kumar A, Gaiteri C, Karlsson L, Strandberg O, Janelidze S, van Westen D, Stomrud E, Palmqvist S, Ossenkoppele R, Mattsson-Carlgren N, Vogel JW, Hansson O. Identification of distinct and shared biomarker panels in different manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease through proteomic profiling. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.10.24308599. [PMID: 38947084 PMCID: PMC11213103 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.10.24308599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology underlying various manifestations of cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) remains obscure. Using cerebrospinal fluid proximity extension assays and co-expression network analysis of 2,943 proteins, we found common and distinct proteomic signatures between white matter lesions (WML), microbleeds and infarcts measured in 856 living patients, and validated WML-associated proteins in three additional datasets. Proteins indicative of extracellular matrix dysregulation and vascular remodeling, including ELN, POSTN, CCN2 and MMP12 were elevated across all cSVD manifestations, with MMP12 emerging as an early cSVD indicator. cSVD-associated proteins formed a co-abundance network linked to metabolism and enriched in endothelial and arterial smooth muscle cells, showing elevated levels at early disease manifestations. Later disease stages involved changes in microglial proteins, associated with longitudinal WML progression, and changes in neuronal proteins mediating WML-associated cognitive decline. These findings provide an atlas of novel cSVD biomarkers and a promising roadmap for the next generation of cSVD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Hristovska
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Alexa Pichet Binette
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Atul Kumar
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Chris Gaiteri
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Rush University Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Linda Karlsson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Olof Strandberg
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Shorena Janelidze
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Danielle van Westen
- Diagnostic Radiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University
- Imaging and Function, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Erik Stomrud
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Palmqvist
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Rik Ossenkoppele
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Neurology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jacob W Vogel
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, SciLifeLab, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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2
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Rivera CF, Farra YM, Silvestro M, Medvedovsky S, Matz J, Pratama MY, Vlahos J, Ramkhelawon B, Bellini C. Mapping the unicellular transcriptome of the ascending thoracic aorta to changes in mechanosensing and mechanoadaptation during aging. Aging Cell 2024:e14197. [PMID: 38825882 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aortic stiffening is an inevitable manifestation of chronological aging, yet the mechano-molecular programs that orchestrate region- and layer-specific adaptations along the length and through the wall of the aorta are incompletely defined. Here, we show that the decline in passive cyclic distensibility is more pronounced in the ascending thoracic aorta (ATA) compared to distal segments of the aorta and that collagen content increases in both the medial and adventitial compartments of the ATA during aging. The single-cell RNA sequencing of aged ATA tissues reveals altered cellular senescence, remodeling, and inflammatory responses accompanied by enrichment of T-lymphocytes and rarefaction of vascular smooth muscle cells, compared to young samples. T lymphocyte clusters accumulate in the adventitia, while the activation of mechanosensitive Piezo-1 enhances vasoconstriction and contributes to the overall functional decline of ATA tissues. These results portray the immuno-mechanical aging of the ATA as a process that culminates in a stiffer conduit permissive to the accrual of multi-gerogenic signals priming to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristobal F Rivera
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yasmeen M Farra
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michele Silvestro
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven Medvedovsky
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacqueline Matz
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muhammad Yogi Pratama
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Vlahos
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bhama Ramkhelawon
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chiara Bellini
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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3
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Ferrian S, Cao A, McCaffrey EF, Saito T, Greenwald NF, Nicolls MR, Bruce T, Zamanian RT, Del Rosario P, Rabinovitch M, Angelo M. Single-Cell Imaging Maps Inflammatory Cell Subsets to Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Vasculopathy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:206-218. [PMID: 37934691 PMCID: PMC10806425 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202209-1761oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Unraveling immune-driven vascular pathology in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) requires a comprehensive understanding of the immune cell landscape. Although patients with hereditary (H)PAH and bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) mutations have more severe pulmonary vascular pathology, it is not known whether this is related to specific immune cell subsets. Objectives: This study aims to elucidate immune-driven vascular pathology by identifying immune cell subtypes linked to severity of pulmonary arterial lesions in PAH. Methods: We used cutting-edge multiplexed ion beam imaging by time of flight to compare pulmonary arteries (PAs) and adjacent tissue in PAH lungs (idiopathic [I]PAH and HPAH) with unused donor lungs, as controls. Measurements and Main Results: We quantified immune cells' proximity and abundance, focusing on those features linked to vascular pathology, and evaluated their impact on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells. Distinct immune infiltration patterns emerged between PAH subtypes, with intramural involvement independently linked to PA occlusive changes. Notably, we identified monocyte-derived dendritic cells within PA subendothelial and adventitial regions, influencing vascular remodeling by promoting SMC proliferation and suppressing endothelial gene expression across PAH subtypes. In patients with HPAH, pronounced immune dysregulation encircled PA walls, characterized by heightened perivascular inflammation involving T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-3 (TIM-3)+ T cells. This correlated with an expanded DC subset expressing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, TIM-3, and SAM and HD domain-containing deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase 1, alongside increased neutrophils, SMCs, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2)+ endothelial cells, reinforcing the heightened severity of pulmonary vascular lesions. Conclusions: This study presents the first architectural map of PAH lungs, connecting immune subsets not only with specific PA lesions but also with heightened severity in HPAH compared with IPAH. Our findings emphasize the therapeutic potential of targeting monocyte-derived dendritic cells, neutrophils, cellular interactions, and immune responses to alleviate severe vascular pathology in IPAH and HPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Ferrian
- Department of Pathology
- Early Clinical Development Informatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California
| | - Aiqin Cao
- Department of Pediatrics
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Basic Science and Engineering (BASE) Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | - Mark R. Nicolls
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | | | - Roham T. Zamanian
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
| | - Patricia Del Rosario
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- Department of Pediatrics
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Disease
- Cardiovascular Institute, and
- Basic Science and Engineering (BASE) Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Stanford, California
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Palo Alto, California
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Mienaltowski MJ, Callahan M, Gonzales NL, Wong A. Examining the Potential of Vitamin C Supplementation in Tissue-Engineered Equine Superficial Digital Flexor Tendon Constructs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17098. [PMID: 38069418 PMCID: PMC10707379 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Because equine tendinopathies are slow to heal and often recur, therapeutic strategies are being considered that aid tendon repair. Given the success of utilizing vitamin C to promote tenogenesis in other species, we hypothesized that vitamin C supplementation would produce dose-dependent improvements in the tenogenic properties of tendon proper (TP) and peritenon (PERI) cells of the equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT). Equine TP- and PERI-progenitor-cell-seeded fibrin three-dimensional constructs were supplemented with four concentrations of vitamin C. The gene expression profiles of the constructs were assessed with 3'-Tag-Seq and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR); collagen content and fibril ultrastructure were also analyzed. Moreover, cells were challenged with dexamethasone to determine the levels of cytoprotection afforded by vitamin C. Expression profiling demonstrated that vitamin C had an anti-inflammatory effect on TP and PERI cell constructs. Moreover, vitamin C supplementation mitigated the degenerative pathways seen in tendinopathy and increased collagen content in tendon constructs. When challenged with dexamethasone in two-dimensional culture, vitamin C had a cytoprotective effect for TP cells but not necessarily for PERI cells. Future studies will explore the effects of vitamin C on these cells during inflammation and within the tendon niche in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Mienaltowski
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Mitchell Callahan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Nicole L. Gonzales
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Angelique Wong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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5
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Biber JC, Sullivan A, Brazzo JA, Heo Y, Tumenbayar BI, Krajnik A, Poppenberg KE, Tutino VM, Heo SJ, Kolega J, Lee K, Bae Y. Survivin as a mediator of stiffness-induced cell cycle progression and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:046108. [PMID: 37915752 PMCID: PMC10618027 DOI: 10.1063/5.0150532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stiffened arteries are a pathology of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and coronary artery disease and a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease events. The increased stiffness of arteries triggers a phenotypic switch, hypermigration, and hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to neointimal hyperplasia and accelerated neointima formation. However, the mechanism underlying this trigger remains unknown. Our analyses of whole-transcriptome microarray data from mouse VSMCs cultured on stiff hydrogels simulating arterial pathology identified 623 genes that were significantly and differentially expressed (360 upregulated and 263 downregulated) relative to expression in VSMCs cultured on soft hydrogels. Functional enrichment and gene network analyses revealed that these stiffness-sensitive genes are linked to cell cycle progression and proliferation. Importantly, we found that survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, mediates stiffness-dependent cell cycle progression and proliferation as determined by gene network and pathway analyses, RT-qPCR, immunoblotting, and cell proliferation assays. Furthermore, we found that inhibition of cell cycle progression did not reduce survivin expression, suggesting that survivin functions as an upstream regulator of cell cycle progression and proliferation in response to ECM stiffness. Mechanistically, we found that the stiffness signal is mechanotransduced via the FAK-E2F1 signaling axis to regulate survivin expression, establishing a regulatory pathway for how the stiffness of the cellular microenvironment affects VSMC behaviors. Overall, our findings indicate that survivin is necessary for VSMC cycling and proliferation and plays a role in regulating stiffness-responsive phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C. Biber
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
| | - Andra Sullivan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA
| | - Joseph A. Brazzo
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
| | | | - Bat-Ider Tumenbayar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
| | - Amanda Krajnik
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
| | | | | | - Su-Jin Heo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - John Kolega
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14203, USA
| | - Kwonmoo Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Yongho Bae
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
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6
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Assoian RK, Xu T, Roberts E. Arterial mechanics, extracellular matrix, and smooth muscle differentiation in carotid arteries deficient for Rac1. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.15.567271. [PMID: 38014108 PMCID: PMC10680774 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.15.567271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Stiffening of the extracellular matrix (ECM) occurs after vascular injury and contributes to the injury-associated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). ECM stiffness also activates Rac-GTP, and SMC Rac1 deletion strongly reduces the proliferative response to injury in vivo . However, ECM stiffening and Rac can affect SMC differentiation, which, in itself, can influence ECM stiffness and proliferation. Here, we used pressure myography and immunofluorescence analysis of mouse carotid arteries to ask if the reported effect of Rac1 deletion on in vivo SMC proliferation might be secondary to a Rac effect on basal arterial stiffness or SMC differentiation. The results show that Rac1 deletion does not affect the abundance of arterial collagen-I, -III, or -V, the integrity of arterial elastin, or the arterial responses to pressure, including the axial and circumferential stretch-strain relationships that are assessments of arterial stiffness. Medial abundance of alpha-smooth muscle actin and smooth muscle-myosin heavy chain, markers of the SMC differentiated phenotype, were not statistically different in carotid arteries containing or deficient in Rac1. Nor did Rac1 deficiency have a statistically significant effect on carotid artery contraction to KCl. Overall, these data argue that the inhibitory effect of Rac1 deletion on in vivo SMC proliferation reflects a primary effect of Rac1 signaling to the cell cycle rather than a secondary effect associated with altered SMC differentiation or arterial stiffness.
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7
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Kucherenko MM, Sang P, Yao J, Gransar T, Dhital S, Grune J, Simmons S, Michalick L, Wulsten D, Thiele M, Shomroni O, Hennig F, Yeter R, Solowjowa N, Salinas G, Duda GN, Falk V, Vyavahare NR, Kuebler WM, Knosalla C. Elastin stabilization prevents impaired biomechanics in human pulmonary arteries and pulmonary hypertension in rats with left heart disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4416. [PMID: 37479718 PMCID: PMC10362055 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension worsens outcome in left heart disease. Stiffening of the pulmonary artery may drive this pathology by increasing right ventricular dysfunction and lung vascular remodeling. Here we show increased stiffness of pulmonary arteries from patients with left heart disease that correlates with impaired pulmonary hemodynamics. Extracellular matrix remodeling in the pulmonary arterial wall, manifested by dysregulated genes implicated in elastin degradation, precedes the onset of pulmonary hypertension. The resulting degradation of elastic fibers is paralleled by an accumulation of fibrillar collagens. Pentagalloyl glucose preserves arterial elastic fibers from elastolysis, reduces inflammation and collagen accumulation, improves pulmonary artery biomechanics, and normalizes right ventricular and pulmonary hemodynamics in a rat model of pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease. Thus, targeting extracellular matrix remodeling may present a therapeutic approach for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya M Kucherenko
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Pengchao Sang
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Juquan Yao
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tara Gransar
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saphala Dhital
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Jana Grune
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Szandor Simmons
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Michalick
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mario Thiele
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Orr Shomroni
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Felix Hennig
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruhi Yeter
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Natalia Solowjowa
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas
- NGS Integrative Genomics (NIG), Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Translational Cardiovascular Technology, LFW C 13.2, ETH Zurich, Universitätstrasse 2, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Naren R Vyavahare
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Wolfgang M Kuebler
- Institute of Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
- Departments of Physiology and Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King´s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Christoph Knosalla
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Aging is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased vessel wall stiffness. Pathophysiological stiffening, notably in arteries, disturbs the integrity of the vascular endothelium and promotes permeability and transmigration of immune cells, thereby driving the development of atherosclerosis and related vascular diseases. Effective therapeutic strategies for arterial stiffening are still lacking. RECENT FINDINGS Here, we overview the literature on age-related arterial stiffening, from patient-derived data to preclinical in-vivo and in-vitro findings. First, we overview the common techniques that are used to measure stiffness and discuss the observed stiffness values in atherosclerosis and aging. Next, the endothelial response to stiffening and possibilities to attenuate this response are discussed. SUMMARY Future research that will define the endothelial contribution to stiffness-related cardiovascular disease may provide new targets for intervention to restore endothelial function in atherosclerosis and complement the use of currently applied lipid-lowering, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aukie Hooglugt
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences
- Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Olivia Klatt
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences
| | - Stephan Huveneers
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences
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9
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Roberts E, Xu T, Assoian RK. Cell contractility and focal adhesion kinase control circumferential arterial stiffness. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:28-39. [PMID: 36222505 PMCID: PMC9782408 DOI: 10.1530/vb-22-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffening is a hallmark of aging and cardiovascular disease. While it is well established that vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to arterial stiffness by synthesizing and remodeling the arterial extracellular matrix, the direct contributions of SMC contractility and mechanosensors to arterial stiffness, and particularly the arterial response to pressure, remain less well understood despite being a long-standing question of biomedical importance. Here, we have examined this issue by combining the use of pressure myography of intact carotid arteries, pharmacologic inhibition of contractility, and genetic deletion of SMC focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Biaxial inflation-extension tests performed at physiological pressures showed that acute inhibition of cell contractility with blebbistatin or EGTA altered vessel geometry and preferentially reduced circumferential, as opposed to axial, arterial stiffness in wild-type mice. Similarly, genetic deletion of SMC FAK, which attenuated arterial contraction to KCl, reduced vessel wall thickness and circumferential arterial stiffness in response to pressure while having minimal effect on axial mechanics. Moreover, these effects of FAK deletion were lost by treating arteries with blebbistatin or by inhibiting myosin light-chain kinase. The expression of arterial fibrillar collagens, the integrity of arterial elastin, or markers of SMC differentiation were not affected by the deletion of SMC FAK. Our results connect cell contractility and SMC FAK to the regulation of arterial wall thickness and directionally specific arterial stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Roberts
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tina Xu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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10
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Engineering Smooth Muscle to Understand Extracellular Matrix Remodeling and Vascular Disease. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090449. [PMID: 36134994 PMCID: PMC9495899 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular smooth muscle is vital for regulating blood pressure and maintaining cardiovascular health, and the resident smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in blood vessel walls rely on specific mechanical and biochemical signals to carry out these functions. Any slight change in their surrounding environment causes swift changes in their phenotype and secretory profile, leading to changes in the structure and functionality of vessel walls that cause pathological conditions. To adequately treat vascular diseases, it is essential to understand how SMCs crosstalk with their surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, we summarize in vivo and traditional in vitro studies of pathological vessel wall remodeling due to the SMC phenotype and, conversely, the SMC behavior in response to key ECM properties. We then analyze how three-dimensional tissue engineering approaches provide opportunities to model SMCs’ response to specific stimuli in the human body. Additionally, we review how applying biomechanical forces and biochemical stimulation, such as pulsatile fluid flow and secreted factors from other cell types, allows us to study disease mechanisms. Overall, we propose that in vitro tissue engineering of human vascular smooth muscle can facilitate a better understanding of relevant cardiovascular diseases using high throughput experiments, thus potentially leading to therapeutics or treatments to be tested in the future.
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11
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CXCR6 Mediates Pressure Overload-Induced Aortic Stiffness by Increasing Macrophage Recruitment and Reducing Exosome-miRNA29b. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 16:271-286. [PMID: 36018423 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Aortic stiffness is an independent risk factor for aortic diseases such as aortic dissection which commonly occurred with aging and hypertension. Chemokine receptor CXCR6 is critically involved in vascular inflammation and remodeling. Here, we investigated whether and how CXCR6 plays a role in aortic stiffness caused by pressure overload. CXCR6-/- and WT mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery for 8 weeks. CXCR6 deficiency significantly improved TAC-induced aortic remodeling and endothelial dysfunction by decreasing CD11c+ macrophage infiltration, suppressing VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, reducing collagen deposition, and downregulating MMP12 and osteopontin in the aorta. Consistently, blocking the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis also reduced aortic accumulation of CD11c+ macrophages and vascular stiffness but without affecting the release of TNF-α and IL-6 from the aorta. Furthermore, pressure overload inhibited aortic release of exosomes, which could be reversed by suppressing CXCR6 or CXCL16. Inhibition of exosome release by GW4869 significantly aggravated TAC-induced aortic calcification and stiffness. By exosomal microRNA microarray analysis, we found that microRNA-29b was significantly reduced in aortic endothelial cells (AECs) receiving TAC. Intriguingly, blocking the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis restored the expression of miR-29b in AECs. Finally, overexpression of miR-29b significantly increased eNOS and reduced MMPs and collagen in AECs. By contrast, antagonizing miR-29b in vivo further enhanced TAC-induced expressions of MMP12 and osteopontin, aggravated aortic fibrosis, calcification, and stiffness. Our study demonstrated a key role of the CXCL16/CXCR6 axis in macrophage recruitment and macrophage-mediated aortic stiffness under pressure overload through an exosome-miRNAs-dependent manner.
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12
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Spronck B, Ramachandra AB, Moriyama L, Toczek J, Han J, Sadeghi MM, Humphrey JD. Deletion of matrix metalloproteinase-12 compromises mechanical homeostasis and leads to an aged aortic phenotype in young mice. J Biomech 2022; 141:111179. [PMID: 35759974 PMCID: PMC9585962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical homeostasis emerges following normal development of the arterial wall and requires thereafter a slow balanced degradation and deposition of extracellular matrix constituents within an unchanging mechanical state. Recent findings suggest that homeostasis is compromised in arterial aging, which contributes to the structural stiffening that is characteristic of aged central arteries. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have strong proteolytic activity and play fundamental roles in matrix turnover. Here, we use Mmp12-/- mice to examine effects of a potent metalloelastase, MMP-12, on the biomechanical phenotype of the thoracic and abdominal aorta in young and naturally aged mice. A key finding is that germline deletion of the gene (Mmp12) that encodes MMP-12 alters biomechanical properties from normal more in young adult than in older adult mice. Consequently, percent changes in biomechanical properties during aortic aging are greater in wild-type than in MMP-12 deficient mice, though with similar overall decreases in elastic energy storage and distensibility and increases in calculated pulse wave velocity. Reduced elastic energy storage compromises the ability of the aorta to augment antegrade and retrograde blood flow while an increased pulse wave velocity can adversely affect end organs, both conditions being characteristic of aortic aging in humans. In summary, MMP-12 is fundamental for establishing homeostatic values of biomechanical metrics in the aorta and its absence leads to a pre-aged aortic phenotype in young mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Abhay B Ramachandra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Lauren Moriyama
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jakub Toczek
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jinah Han
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mehran M Sadeghi
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Jay D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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13
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Lygeros S, Danielides G, Kyriakopoulos GC, Grafanaki K, Tsapardoni F, Stathopoulos C, Danielides V. Evaluation of MMP-12 expression in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. Rhinology 2021; 60:39-46. [PMID: 34812434 DOI: 10.4193/rhin21.320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of MMP-12 in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps (CRSwNP). METHODOLOGY Tissue samples from 37 patients with CRSwNP undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery and healthy mucosa specimens from 12 healthy controls were obtained intraoperatively. The mRNA and protein expression levels of MMP-12 were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS mRNA levels of MMP-12 were significantly elevated in the CRSwNP tissue samples compared to those in control ones. The protein levels of MMP-12 showed a trend of increasing but with no statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Elevation of MMP-12 in patients with CRSwNP suggests its potential implication in the pathogenesis of the disease. The difference in the expression profile observed between mRNA and protein levels could be due to post-translational gene expression regulation. Our findings provide evidence that MMP-12 along with other MMPs may serve as a biomarker and therapeutic target in the management of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lygeros
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - G Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - G C Kyriakopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - K Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.,Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - F Tsapardoni
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - C Stathopoulos
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - V Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
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14
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Brazzo JA, Biber JC, Nimmer E, Heo Y, Ying L, Zhao R, Lee K, Krause M, Bae Y. Mechanosensitive expression of lamellipodin promotes intracellular stiffness, cyclin expression and cell proliferation. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:jcs257709. [PMID: 34152388 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.257709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle control is a key aspect of numerous physiological and pathological processes. The contribution of biophysical cues, such as stiffness or elasticity of the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM), is critically important in regulating cell cycle progression and proliferation. Indeed, increased ECM stiffness causes aberrant cell cycle progression and proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms that control these stiffness-mediated cellular responses remain unclear. Here, we address this gap and show good evidence that lamellipodin (symbol RAPH1), previously known as a critical regulator of cell migration, stimulates ECM stiffness-mediated cyclin expression and intracellular stiffening in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. We observed that increased ECM stiffness upregulates lamellipodin expression. This is mediated by an integrin-dependent FAK-Cas-Rac signaling module and supports stiffness-mediated lamellipodin induction. Mechanistically, we find that lamellipodin overexpression increased, and lamellipodin knockdown reduced, stiffness-induced cell cyclin expression and cell proliferation, and intracellular stiffness. Overall, these results suggest that lamellipodin levels may be critical for regulating cell proliferation. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Brazzo
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - John C Biber
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Erik Nimmer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Yuna Heo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Linxuan Ying
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Ruogang Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Kwonmoo Lee
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Matthias Krause
- Randall Centre of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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15
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Lind L, Ärnlöv J, Sundström J. Plasma Protein Profile of Incident Myocardial Infarction, Ischemic Stroke, and Heart Failure in 2 Cohorts. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e017900. [PMID: 34096334 PMCID: PMC8477859 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.017900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim is to study common etiological pathways for 3 major cardiovascular diseases (CVD), as reflected in multiple proteins. Methods and Results Eighty-four proteins were measured using the proximity extension technique in 870 participants in the PIVUS (Prospective Investigation of Uppsala Seniors Study) cohort on 3 occasions (age 70, 75, and 80 years). The sample was followed for incident myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke or heart failure. The same proteins were measured in an independent validation sample, the ULSAM (Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men) cohort in 595 participants at age 77. During a follow-up of up to 15 years in PIVUS and 9 years in ULSAM, 222 and 167 individuals experienced a CVD. Examining associations with the 3 outcomes separately in a meta-analysis of the 2 cohorts, 6 proteins were related to incident myocardial infarction, 25 to heart failure, and 8 proteins to ischemic stroke following adjustment for traditional risk factors. Growth differentiation factor 15 and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor 2 were related to all 3 CVDs. Including estimated glomerular filtration rate in the models attenuated some of these relationships. Fifteen proteins were related to a composite of all 3 CVDs using a discovery/validation approach when adjusting for traditional risk factors. A selection of 7 proteins by lasso in PIVUS improved discrimination of incident CVD by 7.3% compared with traditional risk factors in ULSAM. Conclusions We discovered and validated associations of multiple proteins with incident CVD. Only a few proteins were associated with all 3 diseases: myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Johan Ärnlöv
- Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden.,School of Health and Social Sciences Dalarna University Falun Sweden
| | - Johan Sundström
- Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,The George Institute for Global HealthUniversity of New South Wales Sydney Australia
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16
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Talwar S, Kant A, Xu T, Shenoy VB, Assoian RK. Mechanosensitive smooth muscle cell phenotypic plasticity emerging from a null state and the balance between Rac and Rho. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109019. [PMID: 33882318 PMCID: PMC8142933 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible differentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a critical role in vascular biology and disease. Changes in VSMC differentiation correlate with stiffness of the arterial extracellular matrix (ECM), but causal relationships remain unclear. We show that VSMC plasticity is mechanosensitive and that both the de-differentiated and differentiated fates are promoted by the same ECM stiffness. Differential equations developed to model this behavior predicted that a null VSMC state generates the dual fates in response to ECM stiffness. Direct measurements of cellular forces, proliferation, and contractile gene expression validated these predictions and showed that fate outcome is mediated by Rac-Rho homeostasis. Rac, through distinct effects on YAP and TAZ, is required for both fates. Rho drives the contractile state alone, so its level of activity, relative to Rac, drives phenotypic choice. Our results show how the cellular response to a single ECM stiffness generates bi-stability and VSMC plasticity. Reversible differentiation/de-differentiation of smooth muscle cells plays a critical role in vascular biology and disease. Talwar et al. show that these differentiated and de-differentiated phenotypes emerge from a null state that is regulated by ECM stiffness and bidirectional effects of Rac on YAP and TAZ transcriptional coregulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Talwar
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Departments of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Aayush Kant
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tina Xu
- Departments of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Vivek B Shenoy
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Departments of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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17
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Chen JY, Wu YP, Li CY, Jheng HF, Kao LZ, Yang CC, Leu SY, Lien IC, Weng WT, Tai HC, Chiou YW, Tang MJ, Tsai PJ, Tsai YS. PPARγ activation improves the microenvironment of perivascular adipose tissue and attenuates aortic stiffening in obesity. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:22. [PMID: 33781257 PMCID: PMC8008548 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity-related cardiovascular risk, end points, and mortality are strongly related to arterial stiffening. Current therapeutic approaches for arterial stiffening are not focused on direct targeting within the vessel. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounding the artery has been shown to modulate vascular function and inflammation. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation significantly decreases arterial stiffness and inflammation in diabetic patients with coronary artery disease. Thus, we hypothesized that PPARγ activation alters the PVAT microenvironment, thereby creating a favorable environment for the attenuation of arterial stiffening in obesity. Methods Obese ob/ob mice were used to investigate the effect of PPARγ activation on the attenuation of arterial stiffening. Various cell types, including macrophages, fibroblasts, adipocytes, and vascular smooth muscle cells, were used to test the inhibitory effect of pioglitazone, a PPARγ agonist, on the expression of elastolytic enzymes. Results PPARγ activation by pioglitazone effectively attenuated arterial stiffening in ob/ob mice. This beneficial effect was not associated with the repartitioning of fat from or changes in the browning of the PVAT depot but was strongly related to improvement of the PVAT microenvironment, as evidenced by reduction in the expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative factors. Pioglitazone treatment attenuated obesity-induced elastin fiber fragmentation and elastolytic activity and ameliorated the obesity-induced upregulation of cathepsin S and metalloproteinase 12, predominantly in the PVAT. In vitro, pioglitazone downregulated Ctss and Mmp12 in macrophages, fibroblasts, and adipocytes—cell types residing within the adventitia and PVAT. Ultimately, several PPARγ binding sites were found in Ctss and Mmp12 in Raw 264.7 and 3T3-L1 cells, suggesting a direct regulatory mechanism by which PPARγ activation repressed the expression of Ctss and Mmp-12 in macrophages and fibroblasts. Conclusions PPARγ activation attenuated obesity-induced arterial stiffening and reduced the inflammatory and oxidative status of PVAT. The improvement of the PVAT microenvironment further contributed to the amelioration of elastin fiber fragmentation, elastolytic activity, and upregulated expression of Ctss and Mmp12. Our data highlight the PVAT microenvironment as an important target against arterial stiffening in obesity and provide a novel strategy for the potential clinical use of PPARγ agonists as a therapeutic against arterial stiffness through modulation of PVAT function. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12929-021-00720-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yi Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Pin Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chih-Yi Li
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Huei-Fen Jheng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,Research and Development Division, National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ling-Zhen Kao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Chun Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sy-Ying Leu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - I-Chia Lien
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wen-Tsan Weng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Haw-Chih Tai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Wei Chiou
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ming-Jer Tang
- Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yau-Sheng Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC. .,Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC. .,International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC. .,Center of Clinical Medicine Research, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
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18
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Bao H, Li ZT, Xu LH, Su TY, Han Y, Bao M, Liu Z, Fan YJ, Lou Y, Chen Y, Jiang ZL, Gong XB, Qi YX. Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Increase Col8a1 Secretion and Vascular Stiffness in Intimal Injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:641763. [PMID: 33738288 PMCID: PMC7960786 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.641763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The arterial mechanical microenvironment, including stiffness, is a crucial pathophysiological feature of vascular remodeling, such as neointimal hyperplasia after carotid endarterectomy and balloon dilatation surgeries. In this study, we examined changes in neointimal stiffness in a Sprague-Dawley rat carotid artery intimal injury model and revealed that extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion and vascular stiffness were increased. Once the endothelial layer is damaged in vivo, activated platelets adhere to the intima and may secrete platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (pEVs) and communicate with vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In vitro, pEVs stimulated VSMCs to promote collagen secretion and cell adhesion. MRNA sequencing analysis of a carotid artery intimal injury model showed that ECM factors, including col8a1, col8a2, col12a1, and elastin, were upregulated. Subsequently, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to examine the possible signaling pathways involved in the formation of ECM, of which the Akt pathway played a central role. In vitro, pEVs activated Akt signaling through the PIP3 pathway and induced the production of Col8a1. MicroRNA (miR) sequencing of pEVs released from activated platelets revealed that 14 of the top 30 miRs in pEVs targeted PTEN, which could promote the activation of the Akt pathway. Further research showed that the most abundant miR targeting PTEN was miR-92a-3p, which promoted Col8a1 expression. Interestingly, knockdown of Col8a1 expression in vivo abrogated the increase in carotid artery stiffness and simultaneously increased the degree of neointimal hyperplasia. Our results revealed that pEVs may deliver miR-92a-3p to VSMCs to induce the production and secretion of Col8a1 via the PTEN/PIP3/Akt pathway, subsequently increasing vascular stiffness. Therefore, pEVs and key molecules may be potential therapeutic targets for treating neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics (Ministry of Education), Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Tong Li
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei-Han Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Yue Su
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Han
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Bao
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ze Liu
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang-Jing Fan
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Lou
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zong-Lai Jiang
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Gong
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics (Ministry of Education), Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Xin Qi
- Institute of Mechanobiology & Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China
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19
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Horie K, Nanashima N, Maeda H, Tomisawa T, Oey I. Blackcurrant ( Ribes nigrum L.) Extract Exerts Potential Vasculoprotective Effects in Ovariectomized Rats, Including Prevention of Elastin Degradation and Pathological Vascular Remodeling. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020560. [PMID: 33567796 PMCID: PMC7915542 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen exerts cardioprotective effects in menopausal women. Phytoestrogens are plant-derived substances exhibiting estrogenic activity that could beneficially affect vascular health. We previously demonstrated that blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) extract (BCE) treatment exerted beneficial effects on vascular health via phytoestrogenic activity in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, which are widely used as menopausal animal models. Here, we examined whether BCE treatment reduced elastin degradation and prevented pathological vascular remodeling in OVX rats fed a regular diet (OVX Control) or a 3% BCE-supplemented diet (OVX BCE), compared with sham surgery rats fed a regular diet (Sham) for 3 months. The results indicated a lower staining intensity of elastic fibers, greater elastin fragmentation, and higher α-smooth muscle actin protein expression in OVX Control rats than in OVX BCE and Sham rats. Pathological vascular remodeling was only observed in OVX Control rats. Additionally, we investigated matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12 mRNA expression levels to elucidate the mechanism underlying elastin degradation, revealing significantly upregulated MMP-12 mRNA expression in OVX Control rats compared with that in Sham and OVX BCE rats. Together, we identify BCE as exerting a vascular protective effect through reduced MMP-12 expression and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. To our knowledge, this is the first report indicating that BCE might protect against elastin degradation and pathological vascular remodeling during menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayo Horie
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-172-39-5527
| | - Naoki Nanashima
- Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan;
| | - Hayato Maeda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8561, Japan;
| | - Toshiko Tomisawa
- Department of Nursing Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki 036-8564, Japan;
| | - Indrawati Oey
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- Riddet Institute, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
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20
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Harris SE, Poolman TM, Arvaniti A, Cox RD, Gathercole LL, Tomlinson JW. The American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome diet in male and female rodents recapitulates the clinical and transcriptomic features of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2020; 319:G345-G360. [PMID: 32755310 PMCID: PMC7509261 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00055.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma remain poorly understood. Additionally, there is increasing recognition of the extrahepatic manifestations associated with NAFLD and NASH. We demonstrate that intervention with the American lifestyle-induced obesity syndrome (ALIOS) diet in male and female mice recapitulates many of the clinical and transcriptomic features of human NAFLD and NASH. Male and female C57BL/6N mice were fed either normal chow (NC) or ALIOS from 11 to 52 wk and underwent comprehensive metabolic analysis throughout the duration of the study. From 26 wk, ALIOS-fed mice developed features of hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. ALIOS-fed mice also had an increased incidence of hepatic tumors at 52 wk compared with those fed NC. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis revealed alterations in multiple genes associated with inflammation and tissue repair in ALIOS-fed mice. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis confirmed dysregulation of metabolic pathways as well as those associated with liver disease and cancer. In parallel the development of a robust hepatic phenotype, ALIOS-fed mice displayed many of the extrahepatic manifestations of NAFLD, including hyperlipidemia, increased fat mass, sarcopenia, and insulin resistance. The ALIOS diet in mice recapitulates many of the clinical features of NAFLD and, therefore, represents a robust and reproducible model for investigating the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 30% of the general population and can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and potentially hepatocellular carcinoma. Preclinical models rely on mouse models that often display hepatic characteristics of NAFLD but rarely progress to NASH and seldom depict the multisystem effects of the disease. We have conducted comprehensive metabolic analysis of both male and female mice consuming a Western diet of trans fats and sugar, focusing on both their hepatic phenotype and extrahepatic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley E. Harris
- 1Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Toryn M. Poolman
- 1Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Arvaniti
- 1Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,2Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Roger D. Cox
- 3Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council Harwell Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Laura L. Gathercole
- 1Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,2Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy W. Tomlinson
- 1Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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21
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Lee KB, Dunn ZS, Lopez T, Mustafa Z, Ge X. Generation of highly selective monoclonal antibodies inhibiting a recalcitrant protease using decoy designs. Biotechnol Bioeng 2020; 117:3664-3676. [PMID: 32716053 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12), also known as macrophage elastase, is a potent inflammatory mediator and therefore an important pharmacological target. Clinical trial failures of broad-spectrum compound MMP inhibitors suggested that specificity is the key for a successful therapy. To provide the required selectivity, monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based inhibitors are on the rise. However, poor production of active recombinant human MMP-12 catalytic domain (cdMMP-12) presented a technical hurdle for its inhibitory mAb development. We hypothesized that this problem could be solved by designing an expression-optimized cdMMP-12 mutant without structural disruptions at its reaction cleft and surrounding area, and thus isolated active-site inhibitory mAbs could maintain their binding and inhibition functions toward wild-type MMP-12. We combined three advances in the field-PROSS algorithm for cdMMP-12 mutant design, convex paratope antibody library construction, and functional selection for inhibitory mAbs. As a result, isolated Fab inhibitors showed nanomolar affinity and potency toward cdMMP-12 with high selectivity and high proteolytic stability. Particularly, Fab LH11 targeted the reaction cleft of wild-type cdMMP-12 with 75 nM binding KD and 23 nM inhibition IC50 . We expect that our methods can promote the development of mAbs inhibiting important proteases, many of which are recalcitrant to functional production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Baek Lee
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Zachary S Dunn
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California.,Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tyler Lopez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California.,Element Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Zahid Mustafa
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California
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22
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Johnson AA, Shokhirev MN, Wyss-Coray T, Lehallier B. Systematic review and analysis of human proteomics aging studies unveils a novel proteomic aging clock and identifies key processes that change with age. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 60:101070. [PMID: 32311500 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of clinical interventions that significantly improve human healthspan requires robust markers of biological age as well as thoughtful therapeutic targets. To promote these goals, we performed a systematic review and analysis of human aging and proteomics studies. The systematic review includes 36 different proteomics analyses, each of which identified proteins that significantly changed with age. We discovered 1,128 proteins that had been reported by at least two or more analyses and 32 proteins that had been reported by five or more analyses. Each of these 32 proteins has known connections relevant to aging and age-related disease. GDF15, for example, extends both lifespan and healthspan when overexpressed in mice and is additionally required for the anti-diabetic drug metformin to exert beneficial effects on body weight and energy balance. Bioinformatic enrichment analyses of our 1,128 commonly identified proteins heavily implicated processes relevant to inflammation, the extracellular matrix, and gene regulation. We additionally propose a novel proteomic aging clock comprised of proteins that were reported to change with age in plasma in three or more different studies. Using a large patient cohort comprised of 3,301 subjects (aged 18-76 years), we demonstrate that this clock is able to accurately predict human age.
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23
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Argentati C, Morena F, Tortorella I, Bazzucchi M, Porcellati S, Emiliani C, Martino S. Insight into Mechanobiology: How Stem Cells Feel Mechanical Forces and Orchestrate Biological Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5337. [PMID: 31717803 PMCID: PMC6862138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The cross-talk between stem cells and their microenvironment has been shown to have a direct impact on stem cells' decisions about proliferation, growth, migration, and differentiation. It is well known that stem cells, tissues, organs, and whole organisms change their internal architecture and composition in response to external physical stimuli, thanks to cells' ability to sense mechanical signals and elicit selected biological functions. Likewise, stem cells play an active role in governing the composition and the architecture of their microenvironment. Is now being documented that, thanks to this dynamic relationship, stemness identity and stem cell functions are maintained. In this work, we review the current knowledge in mechanobiology on stem cells. We start with the description of theoretical basis of mechanobiology, continue with the effects of mechanical cues on stem cells, development, pathology, and regenerative medicine, and emphasize the contribution in the field of the development of ex-vivo mechanobiology modelling and computational tools, which allow for evaluating the role of forces on stem cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Argentati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Francesco Morena
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Ilaria Tortorella
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Martina Bazzucchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Serena Porcellati
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sabata Martino
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy; (C.A.); (F.M.); (I.T.); (M.B.); (S.P.); (C.E.)
- CEMIN, Center of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, Via del Giochetto, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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24
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Spronck B, Humphrey JD. Arterial Stiffness: Different Metrics, Different Meanings. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:091004. [PMID: 30985880 PMCID: PMC6808013 DOI: 10.1115/1.4043486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Findings from basic science and clinical studies agree that arterial stiffness is fundamental to both the mechanobiology and the biomechanics that dictate vascular health and disease. There is, therefore, an appropriately growing literature on arterial stiffness. Perusal of the literature reveals, however, that many different methods and metrics are used to quantify arterial stiffness, and reported values often differ by orders of magnitude and have different meanings. Without clear definitions and an understanding of possible inter-relations therein, it is increasingly difficult to integrate results from the literature to glean true understanding. In this paper, we briefly review methods that are used to infer values of arterial stiffness that span studies on isolated cells, excised intact vessels, and clinical assessments. We highlight similarities and differences and identify a single theoretical approach that can be used across scales and applications and thus could help to unify future results. We conclude by emphasizing the need to move toward a synthesis of many disparate reports, for only in this way will we be able to move from our current fragmented understanding to a true appreciation of how vascular cells maintain, remodel, or repair the arteries that are fundamental to cardiovascular properties and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Spronck
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale University,
New Haven, CT 06520
| | - J. D. Humphrey
- Fellow ASME
Department of Biomedical Engineering,
Yale University,
New Haven, CT 06520;
Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program,
Yale School of Medicine,
New Haven, CT 06520
e-mail:
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25
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Kozakova M, Morizzo C, Goncalves I, Natali A, Nilsson J, Palombo C. Cardiovascular organ damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus: the role of lipids and inflammation. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:61. [PMID: 31077210 PMCID: PMC6511166 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between dyslipidemia, inflammation and CV organ damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex. Insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines interleukins (ILs) increase plasma triglycerides (TG). ILs also up-regulate expression of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) that, together with TG, decrease high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels. High TG, low HDL, increased ILs and MMPs trigger structural and functional changes in different parts of cardiovascular (CV) system. To understand better the role of lipids and inflammation in CV organ damage, the present study investigated the inter-relationships between lipids, ILs and MMPs, as well as the associations of lipids, ILs and MMPs with various CV measures, both in diabetic and non-diabetic population (nonT2DM). METHODS In T2DM patients (N = 191) and nonT2DM subjects (N = 94) were assessed carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and inter-adventitial diameter (IADiam), carotid wave speed (ccaWS), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), left ventricular (LV) mass, LV systolic (s') and early diastolic (e') longitudinal velocities of mitral annulus, together with glycemic control, lipid profile, IL-6, IL-18 and MMP-12. RESULTS T2DM patients, as compared to nonT2DM subjects, had significantly higher plasma levels of IL-6, IL-18, MMP-12 and lower HDL (P < 0.05-0.0001). They had also higher cIMT, IADiam, ccaWS, cfPWV and LV mass, and lower e' velocity (P < 0.005-0.0001). Both in T2DM patients and nonT2DM subjects, MMP-12 increased with IL-6 (r = 0.43 and 0.39; P < 0.0001) and IL-18 (r = 0.32 and 0.42; P < 0.0001), and HDL decreased with MMP-12 (r = - 0.29 and - 0.42; P < 0.0001). In both populations, MMP-12 was directly associated with IADiam, ccaWS, cfPWV and LV mass (r = 0.42, 0.32, 0.26 and 0.29; P < 0.0001 in T2DM patients, and r = 0.39, 0.28, 0.32 and 0.27; P < 0.01-0.0001 in nonT2DM subjects). In multivariate analysis, MMP-12 remained independently related to IADiam, ccaWS, cfPWV and LV mass in T2DM patients, and to IADiam only in nonT2DM subjects. CONCLUSIONS This cross-sectional study demonstrated a direct association between ILs and MMP-12, as well as an inverse association between MMP-12 and HDL, both in T2DM patients and in nonT2DM subjects. In T2DM patients, who had higher levels of ILs and MMP-12, the latter was independently related to several structural and functional markers of preclinical CV organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Kozakova
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Carmela Morizzo
- Department of Surgical, Medical Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Isabel Goncalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Andrea Natali
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Jan Nilsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carlo Palombo
- Department of Surgical, Medical Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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26
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Brankovic S, Hawthorne EA, Yu X, Zhang Y, Assoian RK. MMP12 preferentially attenuates axial stiffening of aging arteries. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:2729818. [PMID: 30917195 DOI: 10.1115/1.4043322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Arterial stiffening is a hallmark of aging, but how aging affects the arterial response to pressure is still not completely understood, especially with regard to specific matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Here, we used pressure myography of carotid arteries from C57BL/6 mice to study the effects of age and MMP12, a major arterial elastase, on arterial biomechanics. Aging from 2 to 24 months leads to both circumferential and axial stiffening with stretch, and these changes are associated with an increased wall thickness, decreased inner radius, and a decreased in vivo axial stretch ratio (IVSR). Analysis of IVSR and stress-stretch curves with arteries from age- and sex-matched wild-type and MMP12-null arteries demonstrate that MMP12 deletion attenuates age-dependent arterial stiffening, mostly in the axial direction. MMP12 deletion also prevents the aging-associated decrease in the in vivo stretch ratio and, in general, leads to an axial mechanics phenotype characteristic of much younger mice. Circumferential arterial mechanics were much less affected by deletion of MMP12. We conclude that the induction of MMP12 during aging preferentially controls axial arterial mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Brankovic
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and the Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Elizabeth A Hawthorne
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and the Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Xunjie Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston MA 02215
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and the Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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27
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Ellis MW, Luo J, Qyang Y. Modeling elastin-associated vasculopathy with patient induced pluripotent stem cells and tissue engineering. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:893-901. [PMID: 30460472 PMCID: PMC6433159 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Elastin-associated vasculopathies are life-threatening conditions of blood vessel dysfunction. The extracellular matrix protein elastin endows the recoil and compliance required for physiologic arterial function, while disruption of function can lead to aberrant vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation manifesting through stenosis, aneurysm, or vessel dissection. Although research efforts have been informative, they remain incomplete as no viable therapies exist outside of a heart transplant. Induced pluripotent stem cell technology may be uniquely suited to address current obstacles as these present a replenishable supply of patient-specific material with which to study disease. The following review will cover the cutting edge in vascular smooth muscle cell modeling of elastin-associated vasculopathy, and aid in the development of human disease modeling and drug screening approaches to identify potential treatments. Vascular proliferative disease can affect up to 50% of the population throughout the world, making this a relevant and critical area of research for therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W Ellis
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Jiesi Luo
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yibing Qyang
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine Yale School of Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
- Yale Stem Cell Center, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
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28
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Liu SL, Bajpai A, Hawthorne EA, Bae Y, Castagnino P, Monslow J, Puré E, Spiller KL, Assoian RK. Cardiovascular protection in females linked to estrogen-dependent inhibition of arterial stiffening and macrophage MMP12. JCI Insight 2019; 4:e122742. [PMID: 30626744 PMCID: PMC6485356 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.122742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffening is a consequence of aging and a cholesterol-independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Arterial stiffening and CVD show a sex bias, with men more susceptible than premenopausal women. How arterial stiffness and sex interact at a molecular level to confer risk of CVD is not well understood. Here, we used the sexual dimorphism in LDLR-null mice to show that the protective effect of female sex on atherosclerosis is linked to reduced aortic stiffness and reduced expression of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP12) by lesional macrophages. Deletion of MMP12 in LDLR-null mice attenuated the male sex bias for both arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis, and these effects occurred despite high serum cholesterol. Mechanistically, we found that oxidized LDL stimulates secretion of MMP12 in human as well as mouse macrophages. Estrogen antagonizes this effect by downregulating MMP12 expression. Our data support cholesterol-independent causal relationships between estrogen, oxidized LDL-induced secretion of macrophage MMP12, and arterial stiffness that protect against atherosclerosis in females and emphasize that reduced MMP12 functionality can confer atheroprotection to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-lin Liu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anamika Bajpai
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Hawthorne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and
| | - Yongho Bae
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Paola Castagnino
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and
| | - James Monslow
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ellen Puré
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kara L. Spiller
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Richard K. Assoian
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Engineering MechanoBiology and
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29
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Ngai D, Lino M, Bendeck MP. Cell-Matrix Interactions and Matricrine Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Calcification. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018; 5:174. [PMID: 30581820 PMCID: PMC6292870 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2018.00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification is a complex pathological process occurring in patients with atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. The extracellular matrix, via matricrine-receptor signaling plays important roles in the pathogenesis of calcification. Calcification is mediated by osteochondrocytic-like cells that arise from transdifferentiating vascular smooth muscle cells. Recent advances in our understanding of the plasticity of vascular smooth muscle cell and other cells of mesenchymal origin have furthered our understanding of how these cells transdifferentiate into osteochondrocytic-like cells in response to environmental cues. In the present review, we examine the role of the extracellular matrix in the regulation of cell behavior and differentiation in the context of vascular calcification. In pathological calcification, the extracellular matrix not only provides a scaffold for mineral deposition, but also acts as an active signaling entity. In recent years, extracellular matrix components have been shown to influence cellular signaling through matrix receptors such as the discoidin domain receptor family, integrins, and elastin receptors, all of which can modulate osteochondrocytic differentiation and calcification. Changes in extracellular matrix stiffness and composition are detected by these receptors which in turn modulate downstream signaling pathways and cytoskeletal dynamics, which are critical to osteogenic differentiation. This review will focus on recent literature that highlights the role of cell-matrix interactions and how they influence cellular behavior, and osteochondrocytic transdifferentiation in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ngai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Marsel Lino
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michelle P Bendeck
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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30
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Deng XS, Meng X, Li F, Venardos N, Fullerton D, Jaggers J. MMP-12-Induced Pro-osteogenic Responses in Human Aortic Valve Interstitial Cells. J Surg Res 2018; 235:44-51. [PMID: 30691826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is an age-related and slowly progressive valvular disorder. Overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP-12) has been found in atherosclerosis, stiffed vascular tissue, and calcified aortic valves. We hypothesized that MMP-12 may induce the pro-osteogenic responses in human aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs). METHODS Human AVICs were isolated from normal and calcified aortic valves. Cells were treated with MMP-12. The pro-osteogenic marker Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as well as MMP-12-associated signaling molecules, were analyzed. RESULTS Human calcified aortic valves expressed significantly higher MMP-12 than normal human aortic valves. MMP-12-induced the expression of RUNX-2, BMP-2, ALP, and calcium deposit formation. Suppression of MMP-12 by its inhibitor decreased the expression of RUNX-2, BMP-2, and ALP. MMP-12-induced osteogenic responses were associated with higher levels of phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), low density lipoprotein-related protein 6 (LRP-6), and β-catenin signaling molecules. Calcified aortic valves exhibited markedly higher levels of LRP-6 and β-catenin levels. Inhibition of either p38 MAPK or LRP-6 attenuated MMP-12-induced expression of RUNX-2, BMP-2, and ALP. Suppression of p38 MAPK abrogated MMP-12-induced activation of LRP-6 and β-catenin signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS MMP-12 induces pro-osteogenic responses in AVICs by activation of p38 MAPK-mediated LRP-6 and β-catenin signaling pathways. The study revealed that the potential role of MMP-12 in the pathogenesis of CAVD and therapeutically targeting MMP-12 may suppress the development of CAVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Sheng Deng
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Xianzhong Meng
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Fei Li
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Neil Venardos
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - David Fullerton
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - James Jaggers
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado; Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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31
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Abstract
Moonlighting proteins exhibit multiple activities in different cellular compartments, and their abnormal regulation could play an important role in many diseases. To date, many proteins have been identified with moonlighting activity, and more such proteins are being gradually identified. Among the proteins that possess moonlighting activity, several secreted proteins exhibit multiple activities in different cellular locations, such as the extracellular matrix, nucleus, and cytoplasm. While acute inflammation starts rapidly and generally disappears in a few days, chronic inflammation can last for months or years. This is generally because of the failure to eliminate the cause of inflammation, along with repeated exposure to the inflammatory agent. Chronic inflammation is now considered as an overwhelming burden to the general wellbeing of patients and noted as an underlying cause of several diseases. Moonlighting proteins can contribute to the process of chronic inflammation; therefore, it is imperative to overview some proteins that exhibit multiple functions in inflammatory diseases. In this review, we will focus on inflammation, particularly unravelling several well-known secreted proteins with multiple functions in different cellular locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Heon Yoon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junsun Ryu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Center for Thyroid Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung Joon Baek
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
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32
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Soler A, Hunter I, Joseph G, Hutcheson R, Hutcheson B, Yang J, Zhang FF, Joshi SR, Bradford C, Gotlinger KH, Maniyar R, Falck JR, Proctor S, Schwartzman ML, Gupte SA, Rocic P. Elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome regulates arterial stiffness and systolic hypertension via MMP12 activation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 117:88-99. [PMID: 29428638 PMCID: PMC5877315 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Arterial stiffness plays a causal role in development of systolic hypertension. 20-hydroxyeicosatetraeonic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450 (CYP450)-derived arachidonic acid metabolite, is known to be elevated in resistance arteries in hypertensive animal models and loosely associated with obesity in humans. However, the role of 20-HETE in the regulation of large artery remodeling in metabolic syndrome has not been investigated. We hypothesized that elevated 20-HETE in metabolic syndrome increases matrix metalloproteinase 12 (MMP12) activation leading to increased degradation of elastin, increased large artery stiffness and increased systolic blood pressure. 20-HETE production was increased ~7 fold in large, conduit arteries of metabolic syndrome (JCR:LA-cp, JCR) vs. normal Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. This correlated with increased elastin degradation (~7 fold) and decreased arterial compliance (~75% JCR vs. SD). 20-HETE antagonists blocked elastin degradation in JCR rats concomitant with blocking MMP12 activation. 20-HETE antagonists normalized, and MMP12 inhibition (pharmacological and MMP12-shRNA-Lnv) significantly improved (~50% vs. untreated JCR) large artery compliance in JCR rats. 20-HETE antagonists also decreased systolic (182 ± 3 mmHg JCR, 145 ± 3 mmHg JCR + 20-HETE antagonists) but not diastolic blood pressure in JCR rats. Whereas diastolic pressure was fully angiotensin II (Ang II)-dependent, systolic pressure was only partially Ang II-dependent, and large artery stiffness was Ang II-independent. Thus, 20-HETE-dependent regulation of systolic blood pressure may be a unique feature of metabolic syndrome related to high 20-HETE production in large, conduit arteries, which results in increased large artery stiffness and systolic blood pressure. These findings may have implications for management of systolic hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Soler
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Ian Hunter
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Gregory Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rebecca Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Brenda Hutcheson
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Jenny Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Frank Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Sachindra Raj Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Chastity Bradford
- Department of Biology, Tuskegee University, Tuskegee, AL 36088, United States
| | - Katherine H Gotlinger
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Rachana Maniyar
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, United States
| | - Spencer Proctor
- Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases Laboratory, Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
| | | | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Petra Rocic
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States.
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33
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Panda DK, Bai X, Sabbagh Y, Zhang Y, Zaun HC, Karellis A, Koromilas AE, Lipman ML, Karaplis AC. Defective interplay between mTORC1 activity and endoplasmic reticulum stress-unfolded protein response in uremic vascular calcification. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 314:F1046-F1061. [PMID: 29357413 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00350.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and death in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Increased activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-unfolded protein response (UPR) are independently reported to partake in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification in CKD. However, the association between mTORC1 activity and ER stress-UPR remains unknown. We report here that components of the uremic state [activation of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and hyperphosphatemia] potentiate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification by inducing persistent and exaggerated activity of mTORC1. This gives rise to prolonged and excessive ER stress-UPR as well as attenuated levels of sestrin 1 ( Sesn1) and Sesn3 feeding back to inhibit mTORC1 activity. Activating transcription factor 4 arising from the UPR mediates cell death via expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (c/EBP) homologous protein (CHOP), impairs the generation of pyrophosphate, a potent inhibitor of mineralization, and potentiates VSMC transdifferentiation to the osteochondrocytic phenotype. Short-term treatment of CKD mice with rapamycin, an inhibitor of mTORC1, or tauroursodeoxycholic acid, a bile acid that restores ER homeostasis, normalized mTORC1 activity, molecular markers of UPR, and calcium content of aortas. Collectively, these data highlight that increased and/or protracted mTORC1 activity arising from the uremic state leads to dysregulated ER stress-UPR and VSMC calcification. Manipulation of the mTORC1-ER stress-UPR pathway opens up new therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of vascular calcification in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu K Panda
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Xiuying Bai
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Yves Sabbagh
- Rare Disease, Sanofi Genzyme, Framingham, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Hans-Christian Zaun
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Angeliki Karellis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Antonis E Koromilas
- Department of Oncology and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Mark L Lipman
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
| | - Andrew C Karaplis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University , Montreal, Quebec , Canada
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Aroor AR, Jia G, Sowers JR. Cellular mechanisms underlying obesity-induced arterial stiffness. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2017; 314:R387-R398. [PMID: 29167167 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00235.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is an emerging pandemic driven by consumption of a diet rich in fat and highly refined carbohydrates (a Western diet) and a sedentary lifestyle in both children and adults. There is mounting evidence that arterial stiffness in obesity is an independent and strong predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cognitive functional decline, and chronic kidney disease. Cardiovascular stiffness is a precursor to atherosclerosis, systolic hypertension, cardiac diastolic dysfunction, and impairment of coronary and cerebral flow. Moreover, premenopausal women lose the CVD protection normally afforded to them in the setting of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes, and this loss of CVD protection is inextricably linked to an increased propensity for arterial stiffness. Stiffness of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, extracellular matrix remodeling, perivascular adipose tissue inflammation, and immune cell dysfunction contribute to the development of arterial stiffness in obesity. Enhanced endothelial cortical stiffness decreases endothelial generation of nitric oxide, and increased oxidative stress promotes destruction of nitric oxide. Our research over the past 5 years has underscored an important role of increased aldosterone and vascular mineralocorticoid receptor activation in driving development of cardiovascular stiffness, especially in females consuming a Western diet. In this review the cellular mechanisms of obesity-associated arterial stiffness are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annayya R Aroor
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri Columbia School of Medicine , Columbia, Missouri.,Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital , Columbia, Missouri
| | - Guanghong Jia
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri Columbia School of Medicine , Columbia, Missouri.,Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital , Columbia, Missouri
| | - James R Sowers
- Diabetes and Cardiovascular Center, University of Missouri Columbia School of Medicine , Columbia, Missouri.,Departments of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri Columbia School of Medicine , Columbia, Missouri.,Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital , Columbia, Missouri.,Dalton Cardiovascular Center Columbia , Columbia, Missouri
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35
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The Role of Age-Related Intimal Remodeling and Stiffening in Atherosclerosis. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 81:365-391. [PMID: 29310802 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Age-related vascular stiffening is closely associated with cardiovascular risk. The clinical measure of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity, reflects bulk structural changes in the media observed with age, but does not reflect intimal remodeling that also drives atherosclerosis. Endothelial barrier integrity is disrupted during early atherogenesis and is regulated by the mechanics and composition of the underlying intima, which undergoes significant atherogenic remodeling in response to age and hemodynamics. Here, we first review the best characterized of these changes, including physiological intimal thickening throughout the arterial tree, fibronectin and collagen deposition, and collagen cross-linking. We then address the most common in vivo and in vitro models used to gain mechanistic insight into the consequences of intimal remodeling. Finally, we consider the impacts of intimal stiffening upon endothelial cell mechanotransduction with emphasis on the emerging impact of increased complexity in cellular traction forces and substrate rigidity upon endothelial barrier integrity.
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36
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Yu CK, Xu T, Assoian RK, Rader DJ. Mining the Stiffness-Sensitive Transcriptome in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Identifies Long Noncoding RNA Stiffness Regulators. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:164-173. [PMID: 29051139 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular extracellular matrix stiffening is a risk factor for aortic and coronary artery disease. How matrix stiffening regulates the transcriptome profile of human aortic and coronary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is not well understood. Furthermore, the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the cellular response to stiffening has never been explored. This study characterizes the stiffness-sensitive (SS) transcriptome of human aortic and coronary VSMCs and identifies potential key lncRNA regulators of stiffness-dependent VSMC functions. APPROACH AND RESULTS Aortic and coronary VSMCs were cultured on hydrogel substrates mimicking physiological and pathological extracellular matrix stiffness. Total RNAseq was performed to compare the SS transcriptome profiles of aortic and coronary VSMCs. We identified 3098 genes (2842 protein coding and 157 lncRNA) that were stiffness sensitive in both aortic and coronary VSMCs (false discovery rate <1%). Hierarchical clustering revealed that aortic and coronary VSMCs grouped by stiffness rather than cell origin. Conservation analyses also revealed that SS genes were more conserved than stiffness-insensitive genes. These VSMC SS genes were less tissue-type specific and expressed in more tissues than stiffness-insensitive genes. Using unbiased systems analyses, we identified MALAT1 as an SS lncRNA that regulates stiffness-dependent VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the transcriptomic landscape of human aortic and coronary VSMCs in response to extracellular matrix stiffness and identifies novel SS human lncRNAs. Our data suggest that the SS transcriptome is evolutionarily important to VSMCs function and that SS lncRNAs can act as regulators of stiffness-dependent phenotypes.
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MESH Headings
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Cluster Analysis
- Computational Biology/methods
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Data Mining/methods
- Extracellular Matrix/genetics
- Extracellular Matrix/metabolism
- Extracellular Matrix/pathology
- Gene Expression Profiling/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Hydrogels
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- Transcriptome
- Vascular Stiffness
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher K Yu
- From the Perelman School of Medicine (C.K.Y.), Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), and Departments of Genetics, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine (D.J.R.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- This manuscript was sent to Zahi Fayad, Consulting Editor, for review by expert referees, editorial decision, and final disposition
| | - Tina Xu
- From the Perelman School of Medicine (C.K.Y.), Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), and Departments of Genetics, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine (D.J.R.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- This manuscript was sent to Zahi Fayad, Consulting Editor, for review by expert referees, editorial decision, and final disposition
| | - Richard K Assoian
- From the Perelman School of Medicine (C.K.Y.), Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), and Departments of Genetics, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine (D.J.R.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
- This manuscript was sent to Zahi Fayad, Consulting Editor, for review by expert referees, editorial decision, and final disposition
| | - Daniel J Rader
- From the Perelman School of Medicine (C.K.Y.), Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (T.X., R.K.A.), and Departments of Genetics, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine (D.J.R.), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
- This manuscript was sent to Zahi Fayad, Consulting Editor, for review by expert referees, editorial decision, and final disposition.
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Lacolley P, Regnault V, Segers P, Laurent S. Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Arterial Stiffening: Relevance in Development, Aging, and Disease. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1555-1617. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00003.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cushioning function of large arteries encompasses distension during systole and recoil during diastole which transforms pulsatile flow into a steady flow in the microcirculation. Arterial stiffness, the inverse of distensibility, has been implicated in various etiologies of chronic common and monogenic cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The first components that contribute to arterial stiffening are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins that support the mechanical load, while the second important components are vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), which not only regulate actomyosin interactions for contraction but mediate also mechanotransduction in cell-ECM homeostasis. Eventually, VSMC plasticity and signaling in both conductance and resistance arteries are highly relevant to the physiology of normal and early vascular aging. This review summarizes current concepts of central pressure and tensile pulsatile circumferential stress as key mechanical determinants of arterial wall remodeling, cell-ECM interactions depending mainly on the architecture of cytoskeletal proteins and focal adhesion, the large/small arteries cross-talk that gives rise to target organ damage, and inflammatory pathways leading to calcification or atherosclerosis. We further speculate on the contribution of cellular stiffness along the arterial tree to vascular wall stiffness. In addition, this review provides the latest advances in the identification of gene variants affecting arterial stiffening. Now that important hemodynamic and molecular mechanisms of arterial stiffness have been elucidated, and the complex interplay between ECM, cells, and sensors identified, further research should study their potential to halt or to reverse the development of arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Lacolley
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Regnault
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Segers
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Laurent
- INSERM, U1116, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France; IBiTech-bioMMeda, Department of Electronics and Information Systems, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium; Department of Pharmacology, European Georges Pompidou Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, France; PARCC INSERM, UMR 970, Paris, France; and University Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Sachdeva J, Mahajan A, Cheng J, Baeten JT, Lilly B, Kuivaniemi H, Hans CP. Smooth muscle cell-specific Notch1 haploinsufficiency restricts the progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm by modulating CTGF expression. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178538. [PMID: 28562688 PMCID: PMC5451061 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Infiltration of macrophages and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) promote the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Previously, we demonstrated that global Notch1 deficiency prevents the formation of AAA in a mouse model. Herein, we sought to explore the cell-specific roles of Notch1 in AAA development. Methods and results Cell-specific Notch1 haploinsufficient mice, generated on Apoe-/- background using Cre-lox technology, were infused with angiotensin II (1000 ng/min/kg) for 28 days. Notch1 haploinsufficiency in myeloid cells (n = 9) prevented the formation of AAA attributed to decreased inflammation. Haploinsufficiency of Notch1 in SMCs (n = 14) per se did not prevent AAA formation, but histoarchitectural traits of AAA including elastin degradation and aortic remodeling, were minimal in SMC-Notch1+/-;Apoe-/- mice compared to Apoe-/- mice (n = 33). Increased immunostaining of the contractile SMC-phenotype markers and concomitant decreased expression of synthetic SMC-phenotype markers were observed in the aortae of SMC-Notch1+/-;Apoe-/- mice. Expression of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), a matrix-associated protein that modulates the synthetic VSMC phenotype, increased in the abdominal aorta of Apoe-/- mice and in the adventitial region of the abdominal aorta in human AAA. Notch1 haploinsufficiency decreased the expression of Ctgf in the aorta and in vitro cell culture system. In vitro studies on SMCs using the Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) plasmid, dominant negative mastermind-like (dnMAML), or specific siRNA suggest that Notch1, not Notch3, directly modulates the expression of CTGF. Conclusions Our data suggest that lack of Notch1 in SMCs limits dilation of the abdominal aorta by maintaining contractile SMC-phenotype and preventing matrix-remodeling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/metabolism
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/pathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Coculture Techniques
- Connective Tissue Growth Factor/metabolism
- Haploinsufficiency
- Matrix Metalloproteinases/biosynthesis
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/enzymology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Receptor, Notch1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Advitiya Mahajan
- Cardiology, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jeeyun Cheng
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeremy T. Baeten
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Brenda Lilly
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Helena Kuivaniemi
- Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Chetan P. Hans
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- Cardiology, Medical Pharmacology & Physiology and Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Bae YH, Liu SL, Byfield FJ, Janmey PA, Assoian RK. Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27805600 DOI: 10.3791/54630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffening is a significant risk factor and biomarker for cardiovascular disease and a hallmark of aging. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile analytical tool for characterizing viscoelastic mechanical properties for a variety of materials ranging from hard (plastic, glass, metal, etc.) surfaces to cells on any substrate. It has been widely used to measure the stiffness of cells, but less frequently used to measure the stiffness of aortas. In this paper, we will describe the procedures for using AFM in contact mode to measure the ex vivo elastic modulus of unloaded mouse arteries. We describe our procedure for isolation of mouse aortas, and then provide detailed information for the AFM analysis. This includes step-by-step instructions for alignment of the laser beam, calibration of the spring constant and deflection sensitivity of the AFM probe, and acquisition of force curves. We also provide a detailed protocol for data analysis of the force curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ho Bae
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania;
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
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40
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Bae YH, Liu SL, Byfield FJ, Janmey PA, Assoian RK. Measuring the Stiffness of Ex Vivo Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27805600 DOI: 10.3791/5463054630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffening is a significant risk factor and biomarker for cardiovascular disease and a hallmark of aging. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile analytical tool for characterizing viscoelastic mechanical properties for a variety of materials ranging from hard (plastic, glass, metal, etc.) surfaces to cells on any substrate. It has been widely used to measure the stiffness of cells, but less frequently used to measure the stiffness of aortas. In this paper, we will describe the procedures for using AFM in contact mode to measure the ex vivo elastic modulus of unloaded mouse arteries. We describe our procedure for isolation of mouse aortas, and then provide detailed information for the AFM analysis. This includes step-by-step instructions for alignment of the laser beam, calibration of the spring constant and deflection sensitivity of the AFM probe, and acquisition of force curves. We also provide a detailed protocol for data analysis of the force curves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ho Bae
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania;
| | - Shu-Lin Liu
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Paul A Janmey
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Richard K Assoian
- Program in Translational Biomechanics, Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania
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41
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Liu F, Haeger CM, Dieffenbach PB, Sicard D, Chrobak I, Coronata AMF, Suárez Velandia MM, Vitali S, Colas RA, Norris PC, Marinković A, Liu X, Ma J, Rose CD, Lee SJ, Comhair SAA, Erzurum SC, McDonald JD, Serhan CN, Walsh SR, Tschumperlin DJ, Fredenburgh LE. Distal vessel stiffening is an early and pivotal mechanobiological regulator of vascular remodeling and pulmonary hypertension. JCI Insight 2016; 1. [PMID: 27347562 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.86987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial (PA) stiffness is associated with increased mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH); however, the role of PA stiffening in the pathogenesis of PH remains elusive. Here, we show that distal vascular matrix stiffening is an early mechanobiological regulator of experimental PH. We identify cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) suppression and corresponding reduction in prostaglandin production as pivotal regulators of stiffness-dependent vascular cell activation. Atomic force microscopy microindentation demonstrated early PA stiffening in experimental PH and human lung tissue. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) grown on substrates with the stiffness of remodeled PAs showed increased proliferation, decreased apoptosis, exaggerated contraction, enhanced matrix deposition, and reduced COX-2-derived prostanoid production compared with cells grown on substrates approximating normal PA stiffness. Treatment with a prostaglandin I2 analog abrogated monocrotaline-induced PA stiffening and attenuated stiffness-dependent increases in proliferation, matrix deposition, and contraction in PASMC. Our results suggest a pivotal role for early PA stiffening in PH and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of interrupting mechanobiological feedback amplification of vascular remodeling in experimental PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Christina Mallarino Haeger
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul B Dieffenbach
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Delphine Sicard
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Izabela Chrobak
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Anna Maria F Coronata
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margarita M Suárez Velandia
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sally Vitali
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Romain A Colas
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul C Norris
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Aleksandar Marinković
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jun Ma
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Chase D Rose
- Department of Anesthesia, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Seon-Jin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Medical Genomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Suzy A A Comhair
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Serpil C Erzurum
- Department of Pathobiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jacob D McDonald
- Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Charles N Serhan
- Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephen R Walsh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniel J Tschumperlin
- Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Laura E Fredenburgh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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