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Lukomska A, Rheaume BA, Frost MP, Theune WC, Xing J, Damania A, Trakhtenberg EF. Augmenting fibronectin levels in injured adult CNS promotes axon regeneration in vivo. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114877. [PMID: 38944331 PMCID: PMC11283980 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
In an attempt to repair injured central nervous system (CNS) nerves/tracts, immune cells are recruited into the injury site, but endogenous response in adult mammals is insufficient for promoting regeneration of severed axons. Here, we found that a portion of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neurons that survive after optic nerve crush (ONC) injury are enriched for and upregulate fibronectin (Fn)-interacting integrins Itga5 and ItgaV, and that Fn promotes long-term survival and long-distance axon regeneration of a portion of axotomized adult RGCs in culture. We then show that, Fn is developmentally downregulated in the axonal tracts of optic nerve and spinal cord, but injury-activated macrophages/microglia upregulate Fn while axon regeneration-promoting zymosan augments their recruitment (and thereby increases Fn levels) in the injured optic nerve. Finally, we found that Fn's RGD motif, established to interact with Itga5 and ItgaV, promotes long-term survival and long-distance axon regeneration of adult RGCs after ONC in vivo, with some axons reaching the optic chiasm when co-treated with Rpl7a gene therapy. Thus, experimentally augmenting Fn levels in the injured CNS is a promising approach for therapeutic neuroprotection and axon regeneration of at least a portion of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Lukomska
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Bruce A Rheaume
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Matthew P Frost
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - William C Theune
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Jian Xing
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ashiti Damania
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Ephraim F Trakhtenberg
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 263 Farmington Ave., Farmington, CT 06030, USA..
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Tsukamoto S, Suzuki T, Wakui H, Uehara T, Ichikawa J, Okuda H, Haruhara K, Azushima K, Abe E, Tanaka S, Taguchi S, Hirota K, Kinguchi S, Yamashita A, Tamura T, Tamura K. Angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein in immune cells: a possible key factor in the pathogenesis of visceral obesity. Metabolism 2023; 149:155706. [PMID: 37856903 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Dysregulation of angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein (ATRAP) expression in cardiovascular, kidney, and adipose tissues is involved in the pathology of hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, atherosclerosis, kidney injury, and metabolic disorders. Furthermore, ATRAP is highly expressed in bone marrow-derived immune cells; however, the functional role of immune cell ATRAP in obesity-related pathology remains unclear. Thus, we sought to identify the pathophysiological significance of immune cell ATRAP in the development of visceral obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders using a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. METHODS Initially, we examined the effect of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on the expression of immune cell ATRAP in wild-type mice. Subsequently, we conducted bone marrow transplantation to generate two types of chimeric mice: bone marrow wild-type chimeric (BM-WT) and bone marrow ATRAP knockout chimeric (BM-KO) mice. These chimeric mice were provided an HFD to induce visceral obesity, and then the effects of immune cell ATRAP deficiency on physiological parameters and adipose tissue in the chimeric mice were investigated. RESULTS In wild-type mice, body weight increase by HFD was associated with increased expression of immune cell ATRAP. In the bone marrow transplantation experiments, BM-KO mice exhibited amelioration of HFD-induced weight gain and visceral fat expansion with small adipocytes compared BM-WT mice. In addition, BM-KO mice on the HFD showed significant improvements in white adipose tissue metabolism, inflammation, glucose tolerance, and insulin resistance, compared with BM-WT mice on the HFD. Detailed analysis of white adipose tissue revealed significant suppression of HFD-induced activation of transforming growth factor-beta signaling, a key contributor to visceral obesity, via amelioration of CD206+ macrophage accumulation in the adipose tissue of BM-KO mice. This finding suggests a relevant mechanism for the anti-obesity phenotype in BM-KO mice on the HFD. Finally, transcriptome analysis of monocytes indicated the possibility of genetic changes, such as the enhancement of interferon-γ response at the monocyte level, affecting macrophage differentiation in BM-KO mice. CONCLUSION Collectively, our results indicate that ATRAP in bone marrow-derived immune cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of visceral obesity. The regulation of ATRAP expression in immune cells may be a key factor against visceral adipose obesity with metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunichiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toru Suzuki
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wakui
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Tatsuki Uehara
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Juri Ichikawa
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Okuda
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kotaro Haruhara
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan; Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Azushima
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Eriko Abe
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shohei Tanaka
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Shinya Taguchi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Keigo Hirota
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sho Kinguchi
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akio Yamashita
- Department of Investigative Medicine Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Japan
| | - Kouichi Tamura
- Department of Medical Science and Cardiorenal Medicine, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Scott NA, Pearmain L, Knight SB, Brand O, Morgan DJ, Jagger C, Harbach S, Khan S, Shuwa HA, Franklin M, Kästele V, Williams T, Prise I, McClure FA, Hackney P, Smith L, Menon M, Konkel JE, Lawless C, Wilson J, Mathioudakis AG, Stanel SC, Ustianowski A, Lindergard G, Brij S, Diar Bakerly N, Dark P, Brightling C, Rivera-Ortega P, Lord GM, Horsley A, Piper Hanley K, Felton T, Simpson A, Grainger JR, Hussell T, Mann ER. Monocyte migration profiles define disease severity in acute COVID-19 and unique features of long COVID. Eur Respir J 2023; 61:2202226. [PMID: 36922030 PMCID: PMC10040898 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02226-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 is associated with a dysregulated immune response but it is unclear how immune dysfunction contributes to the chronic morbidity persisting in many COVID-19 patients during convalescence (long COVID). METHODS We assessed phenotypical and functional changes of monocytes in COVID-19 patients during hospitalisation and up to 9 months of convalescence following COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus or influenza A. Patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease were included as a positive control for severe, ongoing lung injury. RESULTS Monocyte alterations in acute COVID-19 patients included aberrant expression of leukocyte migration molecules, continuing into convalescence (n=142) and corresponding with specific symptoms of long COVID. Long COVID patients with unresolved lung injury, indicated by sustained shortness of breath and abnormal chest radiology, were defined by high monocyte expression of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 6 (CXCR6) (p<0.0001) and adhesion molecule P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (p<0.01), alongside preferential migration of monocytes towards the CXCR6 ligand C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CXCL16) (p<0.05), which is abundantly expressed in the lung. Monocyte CXCR6 and lung CXCL16 were heightened in patients with progressive fibrosing interstitial lung disease (p<0.001), confirming a role for the CXCR6-CXCL16 axis in ongoing lung injury. Conversely, monocytes from long COVID patients with ongoing fatigue exhibited a sustained reduction of the prostaglandin-generating enzyme cyclooxygenase 2 (p<0.01) and CXCR2 expression (p<0.05). These monocyte changes were not present in respiratory syncytial virus or influenza A convalescence. CONCLUSIONS Our data define unique monocyte signatures that define subgroups of long COVID patients, indicating a key role for monocyte migration in COVID-19 pathophysiology. Targeting these pathways may provide novel therapeutic opportunities in COVID-19 patients with persistent morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Scott
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Equal contribution
| | - Laurence Pearmain
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Equal contribution
| | - Sean B Knight
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Oliver Brand
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - David J Morgan
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Jagger
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sarah Harbach
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Saba Khan
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Halima A Shuwa
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Miriam Franklin
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Verena Kästele
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Thomas Williams
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Ian Prise
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Flora A McClure
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Pamela Hackney
- Research Innovation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Lara Smith
- Research Innovation, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Madhvi Menon
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Joanne E Konkel
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Criag Lawless
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - James Wilson
- Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Department of Microbiology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Alexander G Mathioudakis
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester NIHR BRC, Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Stefan C Stanel
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester NIHR BRC, Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Ustianowski
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Gabriella Lindergard
- Regional Infectious Diseases Unit, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Seema Brij
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Nawar Diar Bakerly
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Paul Dark
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Brightling
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, Leicester NIHR BRC, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Pilar Rivera-Ortega
- North West Lung Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Graham M Lord
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Alex Horsley
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester NIHR BRC, Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Karen Piper Hanley
- Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Gastroenterology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Timothy Felton
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester NIHR BRC, Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - Angela Simpson
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Manchester NIHR BRC, Education and Research Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, UK
| | - John R Grainger
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Joint senior authors
| | - Tracy Hussell
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Joint senior authors
| | - Elizabeth R Mann
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Maternal and Fetal Health Centre, Division of Developmental Biology, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Joint senior authors
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Zhang F, Xu Z, Jolly KJ. Myeloid cell-mediated drug delivery: from nanomedicine to cell therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 197:114827. [PMID: 37068659 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
In the presence of tissue inflammation, injury, or cancer, myeloid cells are recruited to disease regions through a multi-step process involving myelopoiesis, chemotaxis, cell migration, and diapedesis. As an emerging drug delivery approach, cell-mediated drug delivery takes advantage of the cell recruitment process to enhance the active transport of therapeutic cargo to disease regions. In the past few decades, a variety of nano-engineering methods have emerged to enhance interactions of nanoparticles with cells of interest, which can be adapted for cell-mediated drug delivery. Moreover, the drug delivery field can benefit from the recent clinical success of cell-based therapies, which created cell-engineering methods to engineer circulating leukocytes as 'living drug delivery vehicles' to target diseased tissues. In this review, we first provide an overview of myeloid cell recruitment and discuss how various factors within this process may affect cell-mediated delivery. In the second part of this review article, we summarize the status quo of nano-engineering and cell-engineering approaches and discuss how these engineering approaches can be adapted for cell-mediated delivery. Finally, we discuss future directions of this field, pointing out key challenges in the clinical translation of cell-mediated drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Zijing Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kevon J Jolly
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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5
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Embregts CW, Wentzel AS, den Dekker AT, van IJcken WF, Stadhouders R, GeurtsvanKessel CH. Rabies virus uniquely reprograms the transcriptome of human monocyte-derived macrophages. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1013842. [PMID: 36798087 PMCID: PMC9927221 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1013842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are amongst the first immune cells that encounter rabies virus (RABV) at virus entry sites. Activation of macrophages is essential for the onset of a potent immune response, but insights into the effects of RABV on macrophage activation are scarce. In this study we performed high-throughput sequencing on RNA extracted from macrophages that were exposed to RABV for 48 hours, and compared their transcriptional profiles to that of non-polarized macrophages (M0), and macrophages polarized towards the canonical M1, M2a and M2c phenotypes. Our analysis revealed that RABV-stimulated macrophages show high expression of several M1, M2a and M2c signature genes. Apart from their partial resemblance to these phenotypes, unbiased clustering analysis revealed that RABV induces a unique and distinct polarization program. Closer examination revealed that RABV induced multiple pathways related to the interferon- and antiviral response, which were not induced under other classical polarization strategies. Surprisingly, our data show that RABV induces an activated rather than a fully suppressed macrophage phenotype, triggering virus-induced activation and polarization. This includes multiple genes with known antiviral (e.g. APOBEC3A, IFIT/OAS/TRIM genes), which may play a role in anti-RABV immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen W.E. Embregts
- Department of Viroscience, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands,*Correspondence: Carmen W.E. Embregts,
| | - Annelieke S. Wentzel
- Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Shroka TM, Kufareva I, Salanga CL, Handel TM. The dual-function chemokine receptor CCR2 drives migration and chemokine scavenging through distinct mechanisms. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabo4314. [PMID: 36719944 PMCID: PMC10091583 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abo4314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) is a dual-function receptor. Similar to other G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, it promotes monocyte infiltration into tissues in response to the chemokine CCL2, and, like atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs), it scavenges chemokine from the extracellular environment. CCR2 therefore mediates CCL2-dependent signaling as a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and also limits CCL2 signaling as a scavenger receptor. We investigated the mechanisms underlying CCR2 scavenging, including the involvement of intracellular proteins typically associated with GPCR signaling and internalization. Using CRISPR knockout cell lines, we showed that CCR2 scavenged by constitutively internalizing to remove CCL2 from the extracellular space and recycling back to the cell surface for further rounds of ligand sequestration. This process occurred independently of G proteins, GPCR kinases (GRKs), β-arrestins, and clathrin, which is distinct from other "professional" chemokine scavenger receptors that couple to GRKs, β-arrestins, or both. These findings set the stage for understanding the molecular regulators that determine CCR2 scavenging and may have implications for drug development targeting this therapeutically important receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M. Shroka
- Biomedical Sciences Program, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Irina Kufareva
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Catherina L. Salanga
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Tracy M. Handel
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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7
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Ismail NFB, Foth M, Yousef ARE, Cui N, Leach JDG, Jamieson T, Karim SA, Salmond JM, Morton JP, Iwata T. Loss of Cxcr2 in Myeloid Cells Promotes Tumour Progression and T Cell Infiltration in Invasive Bladder Cancer. Bladder Cancer 2022; 8:277-290. [PMID: 38993683 PMCID: PMC11181715 DOI: 10.3233/blc-211645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CXCR2 is a chemokine receptor expressed in myeloid cells, including neutrophils and macrophages. Pharmacological inhibition of CXCR2 has been shown to sensitize tumours to immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies in some cancer types. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of CXCR2 loss in regulation of tumour-infiltrating myeloid cells and their relationship to lymphocytes during bladder tumorigenesis. METHODS Urothelial pathogenesis and immune contexture was investigated in an OH-BBN model of invasive bladder cancer with Cxcr2 deleted in myeloid cells (LysMCre Cxcr2 flox/flox ). CXCR2 gene alterations and expression in human muscle invasive bladder cancer were analysed in The Cancer Genome Atlas. RESULTS Urothelial tumour pathogenesis was significantly increased upon Cxcr2 deletion compared to wildtype mice. This was associated with a suppression of myeloid cell infiltration in Cxcr2-deleted bladders shortly after the carcinogen induction. Interestingly, following a transient increase of macrophages at the outset of tumour formation, an increase in T cell infiltration was observed in Cxcr2-deleted tumours. The increased tumour burden in the Cxcr2-deleted bladder was largely independent of T cells and the status of immune suppression. The Cxcr2-deleted mouse model reflected the low CXCR2 mRNA range in human bladder cancer, which showed poor overall survival. CONCLUSIONS In contrast to previous reports of increased CXCR2 signalling associated with disease progression and poor prognosis, CXCR2 was protective against bladder cancer during tumour initiation. This is likely due to a suppression of acute inflammation. The strategy for sensitizing checkpoint immunotherapy by CXCR2 inhibition in bladder cancer may benefit from an examination of immune suppressive status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Faezah Binti Ismail
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mona Foth
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
| | - Amal Rahil Elgaddafi Yousef
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Ningxuan Cui
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Joshua D G Leach
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Jonathan M Salmond
- Department of Pathology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tomoko Iwata
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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8
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Fernández-García V, González-Ramos S, Avendaño-Ortiz J, Martín-Sanz P, Delgado C, Castrillo A, Boscá L. NOD1 splenic activation confers ferroptosis protection and reduces macrophage recruitment under pro-atherogenic conditions. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112769. [PMID: 35247718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bioavailability and regulation of iron is essential for central biological functions in mammals. The role of this element in ferroptosis and the dysregulation of its metabolism contribute to diseases, ranging from anemia to infections, alterations in the immune system, inflammation and atherosclerosis. In this sense, monocytes and macrophages modulate iron metabolism and splenic function, while at the same time they can worsen the atherosclerotic process in pathological conditions. Since the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) has been linked to numerous disorders, including inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, we investigated its role in iron homeostasis. The iron content was measured in various tissues of Apoe-/- and Apoe-/-Nod1-/- mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 4 weeks, under normal or reduced splenic function after ligation of the splenic artery. In the absence of NOD1 the iron levels decreased in spleen, heart and liver regardless the splenic function. This iron decrease was accompanied by an increase in the recruitment of F4/80+-macrophages in the spleen through a CXCR2-dependent signaling, as deduced by the reduced recruitment after administration of a CXCR2 inhibitor. CXCR2 mediates monocyte/macrophage chemotaxis to areas of inflammation and accumulation of leukocytes in the atherosclerotic plaque. Moreover, in the absence of NOD1, inhibition of CXCR2 enhanced atheroma progression. NOD1 activation increased the levels of GPX4 and other iron and ferroptosis regulatory proteins in macrophages. Our findings highlight the preeminent role of NOD1 in iron homeostasis and ferroptosis. These results suggest promising avenues of investigation for the diagnosis and treatment of iron-related diseases directed by NOD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fernández-García
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Silvia González-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - José Avendaño-Ortiz
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz, IdiPAZ. Pedro Rico, 6, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Paloma Martín-Sanz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Carmen Delgado
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Antonio Castrillo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Unidad de Biomedicina (Unidad Asociada al CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Sanitarias (IUIBS) de la Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Lisardo Boscá
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (CSIC-UAM), Arturo Duperier 4, Madrid 28029, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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9
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Cytlak UM, Dyer DP, Honeychurch J, Williams KJ, Travis MA, Illidge TM. Immunomodulation by radiotherapy in tumour control and normal tissue toxicity. Nat Rev Immunol 2022; 22:124-138. [PMID: 34211187 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-021-00568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy (RT) is a highly effective anticancer treatment that is delivered to more than half of all patients with cancer. In addition to the well-documented direct cytotoxic effects, RT can have immunomodulatory effects on the tumour and surrounding tissues. These effects are thought to underlie the so-called abscopal responses, whereby RT generates systemic antitumour immunity outside the irradiated tumour. The full scope of these immune changes remains unclear but is likely to involve multiple components, such as immune cells, the extracellular matrix, endothelial and epithelial cells and a myriad of chemokines and cytokines, including transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ). In normal tissues exposed to RT during cancer therapy, acute immune changes may ultimately lead to chronic inflammation and RT-induced toxicity and organ dysfunction, which limits the quality of life of survivors of cancer. Here we discuss the emerging understanding of RT-induced immune effects with particular focus on the lungs and gut and the potential immune crosstalk that occurs between these tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urszula M Cytlak
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Targeted Therapy Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Douglas P Dyer
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jamie Honeychurch
- Targeted Therapy Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kaye J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Mark A Travis
- Lydia Becker Institute for Immunology and Inflammation, Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Timothy M Illidge
- Targeted Therapy Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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Suppressing MDSC Recruitment to the Tumor Microenvironment by Antagonizing CXCR2 to Enhance the Efficacy of Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246293. [PMID: 34944914 PMCID: PMC8699249 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary While the development of immunotherapy has greatly advanced cancer treatment, many patients do not benefit from immunotherapy. Numerous strategies have been developed to improve response to immunotherapy across cancer types, including blocking the activity of immunosuppressive immune cells, cytokines, and signaling pathways that are linked to poor responses. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are associated with poor responses to immunotherapy, and the chemokine receptor, CXCR2, is involved in recruiting MDSCs to the tumor. In this review, we present studies that explore the potential of inhibiting MDSCs through blocking CXCR2 as a strategy to enhance response to existing and novel immunotherapies. Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a heterogenous population of cells derived from immature myeloid cells. These cells are often associated with poor responses to cancer therapy, including immunotherapy, in a variety of tumor types. The C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2) signaling axis plays a key role in the migration of immunosuppressive MDSCs into the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the pre-metastatic niche. MDSCs impede the efficacy of immunotherapy through a variety of mechanisms. Efforts to target MDSCs by blocking CXCR2 is an active area of research as a method for improving existing and novel immunotherapy strategies. As immunotherapies gain approval for a wider array of clinical indications, it will become even more important to understand the efficacy of CXCR2 inhibition in combating immunotherapy resistance at different stages of tumor progression.
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Trivedi A, Tercovich KG, Casbon AJ, Raber J, Lowell C, Noble-Haeusslein LJ. Neutrophil-specific deletion of Syk results in recruitment-independent stabilization of the barrier and a long-term improvement in cognitive function after traumatic injury to the developing brain. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 157:105430. [PMID: 34153467 PMCID: PMC11302380 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
While traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability in children, we have yet to identify those pathogenic events that determine the extent of recovery. Neutrophils are best known as "first responders" to sites of infection and trauma where they become fully activated, killing pathogens via proteases that are released during degranulation. However, this activational state may generate substantial toxicity in the young brain after TBI that is partially due to developmentally regulated inadequate antioxidant reserves. Neutrophil degranulation is triggered via a downstream signaling pathway that is dependent on spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk). To test the hypothesis that the activational state of neutrophils is a determinant of early pathogenesis and long-term recovery, we compared young, brain-injured conditional knockouts of Syk (sykf/fMRP8-cre+) to congenic littermates (sykf/f). Based upon flow cytometry, there was an extended recruitment of distinct leukocyte subsets, including Ly6G+/Ly6C- and Ly6G+/Ly6Cint, over the first several weeks post-injury which was similar between genotypes. Subsequent assessment of the acutely injured brain revealed a reduction in blood-brain barrier disruption to both high and low molecular weight dextrans and reactive oxygen species in sykf/fMRP8-cre+ mice compared to congenic littermates, and this was associated with greater preservation of claudin 5 and neuronal integrity, as determined by Western blot analyses. At adulthood, motor learning was less affected in brain-injured sykf/fMRP8-cre+ mice as compared to sykf/f mice. Performance in the Morris Water Maze revealed a robust improvement in hippocampal-dependent acquisition and short and long-term spatial memory retention in sykf/fMRP8-cre+ mice. Subsequent analyses of swim path lengths during hidden platform training and probe trials showed greater thigmotaxis in brain-injured sykf/f mice than sham sykf/f mice and injured sykf/fMRP8-cre+ mice. Our results establish the first mechanistic link between the activation state of neutrophils and long-term functional recovery after traumatic injury to the developing brain. These results also highlight Syk kinase as a novel therapeutic target that could be further developed for the brain-injured child.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alpa Trivedi
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Kayleen G Tercovich
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Amy Jo Casbon
- Departments of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Departments of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurology, and Radiation Medicine, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA; Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Clifford Lowell
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
| | - Linda J Noble-Haeusslein
- Departments of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA; Departments of Neurology and Psychology, The Dell Medical School and the College of Liberal Arts, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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12
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Park EJ, Yoon C, Han JS, Lee GH, Kim DW, Park EJ, Lim HJ, Kang MS, Han HY, Seol HJ, Kim KP. Effect of PM10 on pulmonary immune response and fetus development. Toxicol Lett 2020; 339:1-11. [PMID: 33301788 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous reports that ambient particulate matter is a key determinant for human health, toxicity data produced based on physicochemical properties of particulate matters is very lack, suggesting lack of scientific evidence for regulation. In this study, we sampled inhalable particulate matters (PM10) in northern Seoul, Korea. PM10 showed atypical- and fiber-type particles with the average size and the surface charge of 1,598.1 ± 128.7 nm and -27.5 ± 2.8, respectively, and various toxic elements were detected in the water extract. On day 90 after the first pulmonary exposure, total cell number dose-dependently increased in the lungs of both sexes of mice. PM10 induced Th1-dominant immune response with pathological changes in both sexes of mice. Meanwhile, composition of total cells and expression of proteins which functions in cell-to-cell communication showed different trends between sexes. Following, male and female mice were mated to identify effects of PM10 to the next generation. PM10 remained in the lung of dams until day 21 after birth, and the levels of IgA and IgE increased in the blood of dams exposed to the maximum dose compared to control. In addition, the interval between births of fetuses, the number of offspring, the neonatal survival rate (day 4 after birth) and the sex ratio seemed to be affected at the maximum dose, and particularly, all offspring from one dam were stillborn. In addition, expression of HIF-1α protein increased in the lung tissue of dams exposed to PM10, and level of hypoxia-related proteins was notably enhanced in PM10-exposed bronchial epithelial cells compared to control. Taken together, we suggest that inhaled PM10 may induce Th1-shifting immune response in the lung, and that it may affect reproduction (fetus development) by causing lung hypoxia. Additionally, we propose that further study is needed to identify particle-size-dependent effects on development of the next generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- East-West Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Seok Han
- Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jun Park
- East-West Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Lim
- East-West Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kang
- General Toxicology & Research Group, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung-Yun Han
- Department of Predictive Toxicology, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Seol
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Pyo Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Natural Science, Global Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredient Materials, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Science and technology, Kyung Hee Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Dyer DP. Understanding the mechanisms that facilitate specificity, not redundancy, of chemokine-mediated leukocyte recruitment. Immunology 2020; 160:336-344. [PMID: 32285441 PMCID: PMC7370109 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) and their receptors are critical to recruitment and positioning of cells during development and the immune response. The chemokine system has long been described as redundant for a number of reasons, where multiple chemokine ligands can bind to multiple receptors and vice versa. This apparent redundancy has been thought to be a major reason for the failure of drugs targeting chemokines during inflammatory disease. We are now beginning to understand that chemokine biology is in fact based around a high degree of specificity, where each chemokine and receptor plays a particular role in the immune response. This specificity hypothesis is supported by a number of recent studies designed to address this problem. This review will detail these studies and the mechanisms that produce this specificity of function with an emphasis on the emerging role of chemokine–glycosaminoglycan interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P Dyer
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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14
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Stackowicz J, Jönsson F, Reber LL. Mouse Models and Tools for the in vivo Study of Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2020; 10:3130. [PMID: 32038641 PMCID: PMC6985372 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.03130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in human blood and critical actors of the immune system. Many neutrophil functions and facets of their activity in vivo were revealed by studying genetically modified mice or by tracking fluorescent neutrophils in animals using imaging approaches. Assessing the roles of neutrophils can be challenging, especially when exact molecular pathways are questioned or disease states are interrogated that alter normal neutrophil homeostasis. This review discusses the main in vivo models for the study of neutrophils, their advantages and limitations. The side-by-side comparison underlines the necessity to carefully choose the right model(s) to answer a given scientific question, and exhibit caveats that need to be taken into account when designing experimental procedures. Collectively, this review suggests that at least two models should be employed to legitimately conclude on neutrophil functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Stackowicz
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Université, Collège Doctoral, Paris, France
| | - Friederike Jönsson
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France
| | - Laurent L Reber
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Immunology, Unit of Antibodies in Therapy and Pathology, UMR INSERM 1222, Paris, France.,Center for Pathophysiology Toulouse-Purpan (CPTP), UMR 1043, University of Toulouse, INSERM, CNRS, Toulouse, France
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15
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Niazi S, Krogh Nielsen M, Sørensen TL, Subhi Y. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:558-566. [PMID: 30811869 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is aetiologically linked to immunological ageing and dysfunction. One aspect of this is the altered neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), which in other domains have been associated with inflammation and angiogenesis, and therefore investigated in patients with AMD in several papers. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we summarize findings in patients with AMD in relation to NLR, both qualitatively and quantitatively. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central and identified six studies from where we extracted data on 1178 individuals (777 patients with AMD and 401 healthy controls). Patients with AMD had a higher NLR (weighted mean difference: 0.37, CI 95% 0.08 to 0.66, p = 0.013) when compared to healthy controls. In subgroup analyses, we did not find a significant difference between patients with dry AMD and healthy controls (weighted mean difference: 0.34, CI 95% -0.03 to 0.69, p = 0.068), but did find a strong significant difference between patients with neovascular AMD and healthy controls (weighted mean difference: 0.54, CI 95% 0.23 to 0.86, p = 0.00068). Hence, we find that the association between AMD and elevated NLR may have stronger relevance to the neovascular subtype of AMD. However, the clinical value of measuring the NLR remains unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siar Niazi
- Department of Ophthalmology Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Torben Lykke Sørensen
- Department of Ophthalmology Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Yousif Subhi
- Department of Ophthalmology Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark
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16
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Lewandowska-Sabat AM, Kirsanova E, Klopp C, Solberg TR, Heringstad B, Østerås O, Boysen P, Olsaker I. Transcription Profiling of Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Infected In Vitro With Two Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae Reveals Candidate Pathways Affecting Subclinical Mastitis in Cattle. Front Genet 2019; 10:689. [PMID: 31417606 PMCID: PMC6681682 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are key cells of innate immune response and serve as the first line of defense against bacteria. Transcription profiling of bacteria-infected macrophages could provide important insights on the pathogenicity and host defense mechanisms during infection. We have examined transcription profiles of bovine monocyte-derived macrophages (bMDMs) isolated from the blood of 12 animals and infected in vitro with two strains of Streptococcus agalactiae. Illumina sequencing of RNA from 36 bMDMs cultures exposed in vitro to either one of two sequence types of S. agalactiae (ST103 or ST12) for 6 h and unchallenged controls was performed. Analyses of over 1,656 million high-quality paired-end sequence reads revealed 5,936 and 6,443 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) in bMDMs infected with ST103 and ST12, respectively, versus unchallenged controls. Moreover, 588 genes differentially expressed between bMDMs infected with ST103 versus ST12 were identified. Ingenuity pathway analysis of the differentially up-regulated genes in the bMDMs infected with ST103 revealed significant enrichment for granulocyte adhesion and diapedesis, while significant enrichment for the phagosome formation pathway was found among down-regulated genes. Moreover, Ingenuity pathway analysis of the differentially up-regulated genes in the bMDMs infected with ST12 showed significant enrichment for type 1/type 2 T helper cell activation, while the complement activation pathway was overrepresented in the down-regulated genes. Our study identified pathogen-induced regulation of key genes and pathways involved in the immune response of macrophages against infection but also likely involved in bacterial evasion of the host immune system. These results may contribute to better understanding of the mechanisms underlying subclinical infection such as bovine streptococcal mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Monika Lewandowska-Sabat
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Kirsanova
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Bjørg Heringstad
- Geno Breeding and A.I. Association, Hamar, Norway
- Department of Animal and Aquacultural Sciences, Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Olav Østerås
- Norwegian Cattle Health Services and TINE Extension Services, Ås, Norway
| | - Preben Boysen
- Department of Food Safety and Infection Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingrid Olsaker
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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17
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von Leden RE, Parker KN, Bates AA, Noble-Haeusslein LJ, Donovan MH. The emerging role of neutrophils as modifiers of recovery after traumatic injury to the developing brain. Exp Neurol 2019; 317:144-154. [PMID: 30876905 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune response plays a critical role in traumatic brain injury (TBI), contributing to ongoing pathogenesis and worsening long-term outcomes. Here we focus on neutrophils, one of the "first responders" to TBI. These leukocytes are recruited to the injured brain where they release a host of toxic molecules including free radicals, proteases, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, all of which promote secondary tissue damage. There is mounting evidence that the developing brain is more vulnerable to injury that the adult brain. This vulnerability to greater damage from TBI is, in part, attributed to relatively low antioxidant reserves coupled with an early robust immune response. The latter is reflected in enhanced sensitivity to cytokines and a prolonged recruitment of neutrophils into both cortical and subcortical regions. This review considers the contribution of neutrophils to early secondary pathogenesis in the injured developing brain and raises the distinct possibility that these leukocytes, which exhibit phenotypic plasticity, may also be poised to support wound healing. We provide a basic review of the development, life cycle, and granular contents of neutrophils and evaluate their potential as therapeutic targets for early neuroprotection and functional recovery after injury at early age. While neutrophils have been broadly studied in neurotrauma, we are only beginning to appreciate their diverse roles in the developing brain and the extent to which their acute manipulation may result in enduring neurological recovery when TBI is superimposed upon brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona E von Leden
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1701 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Kaila N Parker
- Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Adrian A Bates
- Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 100 E. 24(th) St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Linda J Noble-Haeusslein
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1701 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA; Department of Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 108 E. Dean Keeton St., Austin, TX 78712, USA; Institute for Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, 100 E. 24(th) St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
| | - Michael H Donovan
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, 1701 Trinity St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
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18
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Dyer DP, Nebot JB, Kelly CJ, Medina‐Ruiz L, Schuette F, Graham GJ. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 contributes to murine adipocyte development. J Leukoc Biol 2019; 105:497-506. [PMID: 30517976 PMCID: PMC6392114 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.1a0618-216rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemokines are members of a large family of chemotactic cytokines that signal through their receptors to mediate leukocyte recruitment during inflammation and homeostasis. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 has largely been associated with neutrophil recruitment. However, there is emerging evidence of roles for chemokines and their receptors in processes other than leukocyte migration. We have previously demonstrated that CXCR2 knockout (KO) mice have thinner skin compared to wild-type mice. Herein we demonstrate that this is due to a thinner subcutaneous adipose layer, as a result of fewer and smaller individual adipocytes. We observe a similar phenotype in other fat depots and present data that suggests this may be due to reduced expression of adipogenesis related genes associated with adipocyte specific CXCR2 signaling. Interestingly, this phenotype is evident in female, but not male, CXCR2 KO mice. These findings expand our understanding of nonleukocyte related chemokine receptor functions and help to explain some previously observed adipose-related phenotypes in CXCR2 KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas P. Dyer
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Cell‐Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom
- Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science CentreUniversity of ManchesterManchesterUnited Kingdom
| | - Joan Boix Nebot
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. Kelly
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Laura Medina‐Ruiz
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Fabian Schuette
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
| | - Gerard J Graham
- Chemokine Research Group, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUnited Kingdom
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19
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Blocking CXCLs-CXCR2 axis in tumor-stromal interactions contributes to survival in a mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma through reduced cell invasion/migration and a shift of immune-inflammatory microenvironment. Oncogenesis 2019; 8:8. [PMID: 30659170 PMCID: PMC6338726 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-018-0117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by dense stromal reaction (desmoplasia). We have previously reported that mice with conditional KrasG12D mutation and knockout of TGF-β receptor type II (Tgfbr2), PKF mice, develop PDAC with desmoplasia modulated by CXC chemokines that are produced by PDAC cells through tumor–stromal interaction. In this study, we further discovered that PDAC and cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) accelerated each other’s invasion and migration through the CXC chemokines-receptor (CXCLs–CXCR2) axis. Heterozygous knockout of Cxcr2 in PKF mice (PKF2h mice) prolonged survival and inhibited both tumor angiogenesis and PDAC microinvasion. Infiltration of neutrophils, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and arginase-1+ M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly decreased in the tumors of PKF2h mice, whereas inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)+ M1-like TAMs and apoptotic tumor cells markedly increased, which indicated that blockade of the CXCLs–CXCR2 axis resulted in a shift of immune-inflammatory microenvironment. These results suggest that blocking of the CXCLs–CXCR2 axis in tumor–stromal interactions could be a therapeutic approach against PDAC progression.
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Ford J, Hughson A, Lim K, Bardina SV, Lu W, Charo IF, Lim JK, Fowell DJ. CCL7 Is a Negative Regulator of Cutaneous Inflammation Following Leishmania major Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3063. [PMID: 30671055 PMCID: PMC6331479 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The chemokine CCL7 (MCP3) is known to promote the recruitment of many innate immune cell types including monocytes and neutrophils to sites of bacterial and viral infection and eosinophils and basophils to sites of allergic inflammation. CCL7 upregulation has been associated with many inflammatory settings including infection, cardiovascular disease, and the tumor microenvironment. CCL7's pleotropic effects are due in part to its ability to bind numerous chemokine receptors, namely CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR5, and CCR10. CCL7-blockade or CCL7-deficiency is often marked by decreased inflammation and poor pathogen control. In the context of Leishmania major infection, CCL7 is specifically upregulated in the skin one-2 weeks after infection but its role in L. major control is unclear. To determine CCL7's impact on the response to L. major we infected WT and CCL7-/- C57BL/6 mice. L. major infection of CCL7-deficient mice led to an unexpected increase in inflammation in the infected skin 2 weeks post-infection. A broad increase in immune cell subsets was observed but was dominated by enhanced neutrophilic infiltration. Increased neutrophil recruitment was associated with an enhanced IL-17 gene profile in the infected skin. CCL7 was shown to directly antagonize neutrophil migration in vitro and CCL7 add-back in vivo specifically reduced neutrophil influx into the infected skin revealing an unexpected role for CCL7 in limiting neutrophil recruitment during L. major infection. Enhanced neutrophilic infiltration in CCL7-deficient mice changed the balance of L. major infected host cells with an increase in the ratio of infected neutrophils over monocytes/macrophages. To determine the consequence of CCL7 deficiency on L. major control we analyzed parasite load cutaneously at the site of infection and viscerally in the draining LN and spleen. The CCL7-/- mice supported robust cutaneous parasite control similar to their WT C57BL/6 counterparts. In contrast, CCL7-deficiency led to greater parasite dissemination and poor parasite control in the spleen. Our studies reveal a novel role for CCL7 in negatively regulating cutaneous inflammation, specifically neutrophils, early during L. major infection. We propose that CCL7-mediated dampening of the early immune response in the skin may limit the ability of the parasite to disseminate without compromising cutaneous control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Ford
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Aab Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Angela Hughson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Aab Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Kihong Lim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Aab Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
| | - Susana V Bardina
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Israel F Charo
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Deborah J Fowell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, David H. Smith Center for Vaccine Biology and Immunology, Aab Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, United States
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Bryant AJ, Shenoy V, Fu C, Marek G, Lorentsen KJ, Herzog EL, Brantly ML, Avram D, Scott EW. Myeloid-derived Suppressor Cells Are Necessary for Development of Pulmonary Hypertension. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 58:170-180. [PMID: 28862882 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0214oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) complicates the care of patients with chronic lung disease, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), resulting in a significant increase in morbidity and mortality. Disease pathogenesis is orchestrated by unidentified myeloid-derived cells. We used murine models of PH and pulmonary fibrosis to study the role of circulating myeloid cells in disease pathogenesis and prevention. We administered clodronate liposomes to bleomycin-treated wild-type mice to induce pulmonary fibrosis and PH with a resulting increase in circulating bone marrow-derived cells. We discovered that a population of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) 2+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), granulocytic subset (G-MDSC), is associated with severe PH in mice. Pulmonary pressures worsened despite improvement in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. PH was attenuated by CXCR2 inhibition, with antagonist SB 225002, through decreasing G-MDSC recruitment to the lung. Molecular and cellular analysis of clinical patient samples confirmed a role for elevated MDSCs in IPF and IPF with PH. These data show that MDSCs play a key role in PH pathogenesis and that G-MDSC trafficking to the lung, through chemokine receptor CXCR2, increases development of PH in multiple murine models. Furthermore, we demonstrate pathology similar to the preclinical models in IPF with lung and blood samples from patients with PH, suggesting a potential role for CXCR2 inhibitor use in this patient population. These findings are significant, as there are currently no approved disease-specific therapies for patients with PH complicating IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Bryant
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Vinayak Shenoy
- 2 Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, California Health Sciences University, Clovis, California
| | - Chunhua Fu
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - George Marek
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Kyle J Lorentsen
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Erica L Herzog
- 3 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; and
| | - Mark L Brantly
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Dorina Avram
- 1 Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Edward W Scott
- 4 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
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22
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Krogh Nielsen M, Hector SM, Allen K, Subhi Y, Sørensen TL. Altered activation state of circulating neutrophils in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2017; 14:18. [PMID: 28769990 PMCID: PMC5531023 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-017-0100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Neutrophil dysfunction plays a key role in the development of diseases characterized by inflammation and angiogenesis. Here, we studied the systemic expression of neutrophil markers reflecting activation, adhesion, and resolution of inflammation in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Results This was a prospective case-control study of patients with neovascular AMD and age-matched healthy control individuals. Patients were recruited from an outpatient program, and control individuals were recruited amongst patients’ relatives. Current smokers and individuals with either active immune-disease or ongoing cancer were not included, as these factors are known to affect neutrophil function. Fresh-drawn venous blood was processed for flow cytometric analysis of neutrophil markers. We determined percentages of positive cells and compared expression levels using fluorescence intensity measures. We found conditional differences on marker expression between patients with neovascular AMD (n = 29) and controls (n = 28): no differences were found when looking broadly, but several differences emerged when focusing on non-smokers. Here, patients with neovascular AMD had increased expression of the activity marker cluster of differentiation (CD) 66b (P = 0.003; Mann-Whitney U test), decreased expression of adhesion marker CD162 (P = 0.044; Mann-Whitney U test), and lower expression of the resolution of inflammation marker C-X-C chemokine receptor 2 (P = 0.044; Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusions We present novel evidence suggesting that the activity of circulating neutrophils, sensitive to smoking, may differ in patients with neovascular AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Krogh Nielsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 23, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sven Magnus Hector
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 23, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Kelly Allen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 23, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Yousif Subhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 23, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Torben Lykke Sørensen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zealand University Hospital, Vestermarksvej 23, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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