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Brint A, Greene S, Fennig-Victor AR, Wang S. Multiple sclerosis: the NLRP3 inflammasome, gasdermin D, and therapeutics. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2024; 12:62. [PMID: 39118955 PMCID: PMC11304424 DOI: 10.21037/atm-23-1960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) stands as a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by its neurodegenerative impacts on the central nervous system. The complexity of MS and the significant challenges it poses to patients have made the exploration of effective treatments a crucial area of research. Among the various mechanisms under investigation, the role of inflammation in MS progression is of particular interest. Inflammatory responses within the body are regulated by various cellular mechanisms, one of which involves the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-, leucine-rich repeat (LRR)-, and pyrin domains (PYD)-containing protein 3 (NLRP3). NLRP3 acts as a sensor within cells, playing a pivotal role in controlling the inflammatory response. Its activation is a critical step leading to the assembly of the NLRP3 inflammasome complex, a process that has profound implications for inflammatory diseases like MS. The NLRP3 inflammasome's activation is intricately linked to the subsequent activation of caspase 1 and gasdermin D (GsdmD), signaling pathways that are central to the inflammatory process. GsdmD, a prominent member of the Gasdermin protein family, is particularly noteworthy for its role in pyroptotic cell death, a form of programmed cell death that is distinct from apoptosis and is characterized by its inflammatory nature. This pathway's activation contributes significantly to the pathology of MS by exacerbating inflammatory responses within the nervous system. Given the detrimental effects of unregulated inflammation in MS, therapeutics targeting these inflammatory processes offer a promising avenue for alleviating the symptoms experienced by patients. This review delves into the intricacies of the pyroptotic pathways, highlighting how the formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induces such pathways and the potential intervention points for therapeutic agents. By inhibiting key steps within these pathways, it is possible to mitigate the inflammatory response, thereby offering relief to those suffering from MS. Understanding these mechanisms not only sheds light on the pathophysiology of MS but also paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed at controlling the disease's progression through the modulation of the body's inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amie Brint
- Chemistry Department, University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Little Rock, AR, USA
- College of Medicine and Graduate School, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
| | - Seth Greene
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Alyssa R. Fennig-Victor
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Shanzhi Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, Queens, NY, USA
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Zhen H, Hu Y, Liu X, Fan G, Zhao S. The protease caspase-1: Activation pathways and functions. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:149978. [PMID: 38718564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Caspase-1 is one of the main mediators of inflammatory caspases and has become a correspondent with inflammation, cell death, and several inflammatory diseases. In this review, we systematically summarize both original and recent advances in caspase-1 to provide references for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms in its activation and functions. This study investigates and summarizes the published articles concerning caspase-1, inflammation, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and cell death by searching academic search systems, including the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Caspase-1 is one of the main mediators of inflammatory caspases and has become a correspondent with inflammation and cell death. In cell death, caspase-1 was originally found to cause apoptosis in fibroblasts. Importantly, caspase-1 was later reported to execute programmed cell death, including pyroptosis and apoptosis, in many immune cells in response to diverse stimuli. It is widely established that different pathways can activate caspase-1 and subsequently mediate cell death and inflammation. It has become increasingly clear that caspase-1 is responsible for the initiation and control of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and inflammation in addition to its well-known function in cleaving IL-1β. The significant advancement in the understanding of caspase-1-controlled cell death and novel substrates inspires new therapeutic approaches in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Zhen
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yumeng Hu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guangsen Fan
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Shuna Zhao
- Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
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Acharjee A, Wijesinghe SN, Russ D, Gkoutos G, Jones SW. Cross-species transcriptomics identifies obesity associated genes between human and mouse studies. J Transl Med 2024; 22:592. [PMID: 38918843 PMCID: PMC11197204 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamentally defined by an imbalance in energy consumption and energy expenditure, obesity is a significant risk factor of several musculoskeletal conditions including osteoarthritis (OA). High-fat diets and sedentary lifestyle leads to increased adiposity resulting in systemic inflammation due to the endocrine properties of adipose tissue producing inflammatory cytokines and adipokines. We previously showed serum levels of specific adipokines are associated with biomarkers of bone remodelling and cartilage volume loss in knee OA patients. Whilst more recently we find the metabolic consequence of obesity drives the enrichment of pro-inflammatory fibroblast subsets within joint synovial tissues in obese individuals compared to those of BMI defined 'health weight'. As such this present study identifies obesity-associated genes in OA joint tissues which are conserved across species and conditions. METHODS The study utilised 6 publicly available bulk and single-cell transcriptomic datasets from human and mice studies downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Machine learning models were employed to model and statistically test datasets for conserved gene expression profiles. Identified genes were validated in OA tissues from obese and healthy weight individuals using quantitative PCR method (N = 38). Obese and healthy-weight patients were categorised by BMI > 30 and BMI between 18 and 24.9 respectively. Informed consent was obtained from all study participants who were scheduled to undergo elective arthroplasty. RESULTS Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to investigate the variations between classes of mouse and human data which confirmed variation between obese and healthy populations. Differential gene expression analysis filtered on adjusted p-values of p < 0.05, identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in mouse and human datasets. DEGs were analysed further using area under curve (AUC) which identified 12 genes. Pathway enrichment analysis suggests these genes were involved in the biosynthesis and elongation of fatty acids and the transport, oxidation, and catabolic processing of lipids. qPCR validation found the majority of genes showed a tendency to be upregulated in joint tissues from obese participants. Three validated genes, IGFBP2 (p = 0.0363), DOK6 (0.0451) and CASP1 (0.0412) were found to be significantly different in obese joint tissues compared to lean-weight joint tissues. CONCLUSIONS The present study has employed machine learning models across several published obesity datasets to identify obesity-associated genes which are validated in joint tissues from OA. These results suggest obesity-associated genes are conserved across conditions and may be fundamental in accelerating disease in obese individuals. Whilst further validations and additional conditions remain to be tested in this model, identifying obesity-associated genes in this way may serve as a global aid for patient stratification giving rise to the potential of targeted therapeutic interventions in such patient subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Animesh Acharjee
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Susanne N Wijesinghe
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dominic Russ
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Georgios Gkoutos
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- MRC Health Data Research UK (HDR UK), Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Foundation Trust, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Health Data Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Vulpetti A, Rondeau JM, Bellance MH, Blank J, Boesch R, Boettcher A, Bornancin F, Buhr S, Connor LE, Dumelin CE, Esser O, Hediger M, Hintermann S, Hommel U, Koch E, Lapointe G, Leder L, Lehmann S, Lehr P, Meier P, Muller L, Ostermeier D, Ramage P, Schiebel-Haddad S, Smith AB, Stojanovic A, Velcicky J, Yamamoto R, Hurth K. Ligandability Assessment of IL-1β by Integrated Hit Identification Approaches. J Med Chem 2024; 67:8141-8160. [PMID: 38728572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Human interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that plays a critical role in the regulation of the immune response and the development of various inflammatory diseases. In this publication, we disclose our efforts toward the discovery of IL-1β binders that interfere with IL-1β signaling. To this end, several technologies were used in parallel, including fragment-based screening (FBS), DNA-encoded library (DEL) technology, peptide discovery platform (PDP), and virtual screening. The utilization of distinct technologies resulted in the identification of new chemical entities exploiting three different sites on IL-1β, all of them also inhibiting the interaction with the IL-1R1 receptor. Moreover, we identified lysine 103 of IL-1β as a target residue suitable for the development of covalent, low-molecular-weight IL-1β antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Vulpetti
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jutta Blank
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Boesch
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Sylvia Buhr
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Oliver Esser
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Ulrich Hommel
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elke Koch
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Lukas Leder
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Lehmann
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Lehr
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Meier
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lionel Muller
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Paul Ramage
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Juraj Velcicky
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rina Yamamoto
- Biomedical Research, Novartis, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Shankar J, Thakur R, Clemons KV, Stevens DA. Interplay of Cytokines and Chemokines in Aspergillosis. J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:251. [PMID: 38667922 PMCID: PMC11051073 DOI: 10.3390/jof10040251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aspergillosis is a fungal infection caused by various species of Aspergillus, most notably A. fumigatus. This fungus causes a spectrum of diseases, including allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, aspergilloma, chronic pulmonary aspergillosis, and invasive aspergillosis. The clinical manifestations and severity of aspergillosis can vary depending on individual immune status and the specific species of Aspergillus involved. The recognition of Aspergillus involves pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as glucan, galactomannan, mannose, and conidial surface proteins. These are recognized by the pathogen recognition receptors present on immune cells such as Toll-like receptors (TLR-1,2,3,4, etc.) and C-type lectins (Dectin-1 and Dectin-2). We discuss the roles of cytokines and pathogen recognition in aspergillosis from both the perspective of human and experimental infection. Several cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the immune response to Aspergillus infection, including interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), CCR4, CCR17, and other interleukins. For example, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is characterized by Th2 and Th9 cell-type immunity and involves interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IL-10. In contrast, it has been observed that invasive aspergillosis involves Th1 and Th17 cell-type immunity via IFN-γ, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-17. These cytokines activate various immune cells and stimulate the production of other immune molecules, such as antimicrobial peptides and reactive oxygen species, which aid in the clearance of the fungal pathogen. Moreover, they help to initiate and coordinate the immune response, recruit immune cells to the site of infection, and promote clearance of the fungus. Insight into the host response from both human and animal studies may aid in understanding the immune response in aspergillosis, possibly leading to harnessing the power of cytokines or cytokine (receptor) antagonists and transforming them into precise immunotherapeutic strategies. This could advance personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jata Shankar
- Genomic Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat Solan 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Raman Thakur
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144001, Punjab, India;
| | - Karl V. Clemons
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (K.V.C.); (D.A.S.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - David A. Stevens
- California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose, CA 95128, USA; (K.V.C.); (D.A.S.)
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University Medical School, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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6
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Iske J, El Fatimy R, Nian Y, Ghouzlani A, Eskandari SK, Cetina Biefer HR, Vasudevan A, Elkhal A. NAD + prevents septic shock-induced death by non-canonical inflammasome blockade and IL-10 cytokine production in macrophages. eLife 2024; 12:RP88686. [PMID: 38372712 PMCID: PMC10942599 DOI: 10.7554/elife.88686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Septic shock is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response depicted in a cytokine storm that results from invasive bacterial, fungi, protozoa, and viral infections. Non-canonical inflammasome activation is crucial in the development of septic shock promoting pyroptosis and proinflammatory cytokine production via caspase-11 and gasdermin D (GSDMD). Here, we show that NAD+ treatment protected mice toward bacterial and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock by blocking the non-canonical inflammasome specifically. NAD+ administration impeded systemic IL-1β and IL-18 production and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis of macrophages via the IFN-β/STAT-1 signaling machinery. More importantly, NAD+ administration not only improved casp-11 KO (knockout) survival but rendered wild type (WT) mice completely resistant to septic shock via the IL-10 signaling pathway that was independent from the non-canonical inflammasome. Here, we delineated a two-sided effect of NAD+ blocking septic shock through a specific inhibition of the non-canonical inflammasome and promoting immune homeostasis via IL-10, underscoring its unique therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Iske
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Germany Heart Center BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Rachid El Fatimy
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Institute of Biological Sciences (ISSB-P), Mohammed VI Polytechnic UniversityBenguerirMorocco
| | - Yeqi Nian
- Institute of Transplant Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Amina Ghouzlani
- NAD Immunology Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research InstitutesPasadenaUnited States
| | - Siawosh K Eskandari
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of GroningenGroningenNetherlands
| | - Hector Rodriguez Cetina Biefer
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Stadtspital Zurich TriemliZurichSwitzerland
| | - Anju Vasudevan
- Department of Neurosciences, Angiogenesis and Brain Development Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research InstitutesPasadenaUnited States
| | - Abdallah Elkhal
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUnited States
- NAD Immunology Laboratory, Huntington Medical Research InstitutesPasadenaUnited States
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7
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Exconde PM, Hernandez-Chavez C, Bourne CM, Richards RM, Bray MB, Lopez JL, Srivastava T, Egan MS, Zhang J, Yoo W, Shin S, Discher BM, Taabazuing CY. The tetrapeptide sequence of IL-18 and IL-1β regulates their recruitment and activation by inflammatory caspases. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113581. [PMID: 38103201 PMCID: PMC11158830 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammasomes are multiprotein signaling complexes that activate the innate immune system. Canonical inflammasomes recruit and activate caspase-1, which then cleaves and activates IL-1β and IL-18, as well as gasdermin D (GSDMD) to induce pyroptosis. In contrast, non-canonical inflammasomes, caspases-4/-5 (CASP4/5) in humans and caspase-11 (CASP11) in mice, are known to cleave GSDMD, but their role in direct processing of other substrates besides GSDMD has remained unknown. Here, we show that CASP4/5 but not CASP11 can directly cleave and activate IL-18. However, CASP4/5/11 can all cleave IL-1β to generate a 27-kDa fragment that deactivates IL-1β signaling. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that the sequence identity of the tetrapeptide sequence adjacent to the caspase cleavage site regulates IL-18 and IL-1β recruitment and activation. Altogether, we have identified new substrates of the non-canonical inflammasomes and reveal key mechanistic details regulating inflammation that may aid in developing new therapeutics for immune-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Exconde
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Claudia Hernandez-Chavez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christopher M Bourne
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rachel M Richards
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mark B Bray
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jan L Lopez
- Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tamanna Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marisa S Egan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jenna Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunny Shin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Bohdana M Discher
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Cornelius Y Taabazuing
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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8
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Bharadwaj R, Lusi CF, Mashayekh S, Nagar A, Subbarao M, Kane GI, Wodzanowski KA, Brown AR, Okuda K, Monahan A, Paik D, Nandy A, Anonick MV, Goldman WE, Kanneganti TD, Orzalli MH, Grimes CL, Atukorale PU, Silverman N. Methotrexate suppresses psoriatic skin inflammation by inhibiting muropeptide transporter SLC46A2 activity. Immunity 2023; 56:998-1012.e8. [PMID: 37116499 PMCID: PMC10195032 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Cytosolic innate immune sensing is critical for protecting barrier tissues. NOD1 and NOD2 are cytosolic sensors of small peptidoglycan fragments (muropeptides) derived from the bacterial cell wall. These muropeptides enter cells, especially epithelial cells, through unclear mechanisms. We previously implicated SLC46 transporters in muropeptide transport in Drosophila immunity. Here, we focused on Slc46a2, which was highly expressed in mammalian epidermal keratinocytes, and showed that it was critical for the delivery of diaminopimelic acid (DAP)-muropeptides and activation of NOD1 in keratinocytes, whereas the related transporter Slc46a3 was critical for delivering the NOD2 ligand MDP to keratinocytes. In a mouse model, Slc46a2 and Nod1 deficiency strongly suppressed psoriatic inflammation, whereas methotrexate, a commonly used psoriasis therapeutic, inhibited Slc46a2-dependent transport of DAP-muropeptides. Collectively, these studies define SLC46A2 as a transporter of NOD1-activating muropeptides, with critical roles in the skin barrier, and identify this transporter as an important target for anti-inflammatory intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Bharadwaj
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Christina F Lusi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Abhinit Nagar
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Malireddi Subbarao
- Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Griffin I Kane
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | | | - Ashley R Brown
- Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Kendi Okuda
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Amanda Monahan
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Donggi Paik
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Anubhab Nandy
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | | | - William E Goldman
- Department of Microbiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | | | - Megan H Orzalli
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | | | - Prabhani U Atukorale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Neal Silverman
- Program in Innate Immunity and Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
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9
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Eeckhout E, Hamerlinck L, Jonckheere V, Van Damme P, van Loo G, Wullaert A. Gasdermin D independent canonical inflammasome responses cooperate with caspase-8 to establish host defense against gastrointestinal Citrobacter rodentium infection. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:282. [PMID: 37080966 PMCID: PMC10119323 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05801-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is an enteropathogen that causes intestinal inflammatory responses in mice reminiscent of the pathology provoked by enteropathogenic and enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infections in humans. C. rodentium expresses various virulence factors that target specific signaling proteins involved in executing apoptotic, necroptotic and pyroptotic cell death, suggesting that each of these distinct cell death modes performs essential host defense functions that the pathogen aims to disturb. However, the relative contributions of apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis in protecting the host against C. rodentium have not been elucidated. Here we used mice with single or combined deficiencies in essential signaling proteins controlling apoptotic, necroptotic or pyroptotic cell death to reveal the roles of these cell death modes in host defense against C. rodentium. Gastrointestinal C. rodentium infections in mice lacking GSDMD and/or MLKL showed that both pyroptosis and necroptosis were dispensable for pathogen clearance. In contrast, while RIPK3-deficient mice showed normal C. rodentium clearance, mice with combined caspase-8 and RIPK3 deficiencies failed to clear intestinal pathogen loads. Although this demonstrated a crucial role for caspase-8 signaling in establishing intestinal host defense, Casp8-/-Ripk3-/- mice remained capable of preventing systemic pathogen persistence. This systemic host defense relied on inflammasome signaling, as Casp8-/-Ripk3-/- mice with combined caspase-1 and -11 deletion succumbed to C. rodentium infection. Interestingly, although it is known that C. rodentium can activate the non-canonical caspase-11 inflammasome, selectively disabling canonical inflammasome signaling by single caspase-1 deletion sufficed to render Casp8-/-Ripk3-/- mice vulnerable to C. rodentium-induced lethality. Moreover, Casp8-/-Ripk3-/- mice lacking GSDMD survived a C. rodentium infection, suggesting that pyroptosis was not crucial for the protective functions of canonical inflammasomes in these mice. Taken together, our mouse genetic experiments revealed an essential cooperation between caspase-8 signaling and GSDMD-independent canonical inflammasome signaling to establish intestinal and systemic host defense against gastrointestinal C. rodentium infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elien Eeckhout
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Hamerlinck
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Veronique Jonckheere
- iRIP Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Petra Van Damme
- iRIP Unit, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert van Loo
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andy Wullaert
- Department of Internal Medicine and Paediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.
- Laboratory of Proteinscience, Proteomics and Epigenetic Signalling (PPES), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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10
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Wang YT, Sansone A, Smirnov A, Stallings CL, Orvedahl A. Myeloid autophagy genes protect mice against fatal TNF- and LPS-induced cytokine storm syndromes. Autophagy 2023; 19:1114-1127. [PMID: 36056542 PMCID: PMC10012903 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2116675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS ATG5: autophagy related 5; ATG7: autophagy related 7; ATG14: autophagy related 14; ATG16L1: autophagy related 16-like 1 (S. cerevisiae); BECN1: beclin 1, autophagy related; CASP1: caspase 1; CASP4/CASP11: caspase 4, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase; CIM: conditionally immortalized macrophage; CLP: cecal ligation and puncture; CSS: cytokine storm syndrome; DC: dendritic cell; IFNG/IFNγ: interferon gamma; IFNGR1: interferon gamma receptor 1; ip: intraperitoneal; iv: intravenous; IL12/p70: interleukin 12, p70 heterodimer; IL18: Interleukin 18; ITGAX/CD11c: integrin alpha X; LAP: LC3-associated phagocytosis; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; LYZ2/LYSM: lysozyme 2; MAP1LC3A/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha; RB1CC1/FIP200: RB1-inducible coiled-coil 1; S100A8/MRP8: S100 calcium binding protein A8 (calgranulin A); TICAM1/TRIF: TIR domain containing adaptor molecule 1; TLR4: toll-like receptor 4; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ting Wang
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, Haidian, China
| | - Amy Sansone
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Asya Smirnov
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Christina L Stallings
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Anthony Orvedahl
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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11
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Melenotte C, Aimanianda V, Slavin M, Aguado JM, Armstrong-James D, Chen YC, Husain S, Van Delden C, Saliba F, Lefort A, Botterel F, Lortholary O. Invasive aspergillosis in liver transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis 2023:e14049. [PMID: 36929539 DOI: 10.1111/tid.14049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is increasing worldwide with underlying pathologies dominated by metabolic and alcoholic diseases in developed countries. METHODS We provide a narrative review of invasive aspergillosis (IA) in liver transplant (LT) recipients. We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for references without language and time restrictions. RESULTS The incidence of IA in LT recipients is low (1.8%), while mortality is high (∼50%). It occurs mainly early (<3 months) after LT. Some risk factors have been identified before (corticosteroid, renal, and liver failure), during (massive transfusion and duration of surgical procedure), and after transplantation (intensive care unit stay, re-transplantation, re-operation). Diagnosis can be difficult and therefore requires full radiological and clinicobiological collaboration. Accurate identification of Aspergillus species is recommended due to the cryptic species, and susceptibility testing is crucial given the increasing resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus to azoles. It is recommended to reduce the dose of tacrolimus (50%) and to closely monitor the trough level when introducing voriconazole, isavuconazole, and posaconazole. Surgery should be discussed on a case-by-case basis. Antifungal prophylaxis is recommended in high-risk patients. Environmental preventative measures should be implemented to prevent outbreaks of nosocomial aspergillosis in LT recipient units. CONCLUSION IA remains a very serious disease in LT patients and should be promptly sought and, if possible, prevented by clinicians when risk factors are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cléa Melenotte
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Vishukumar Aimanianda
- Institut Pasteur, CNRS, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Molecular Mycology Unit, UMR2000, Paris, France
| | - Monica Slavin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infections in Cancer, Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Oncology, Sir Peter MacCallum Cancer Center, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - José María Aguado
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario "12 de Octubre", Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Yee-Chun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shahid Husain
- Department of Transplant Infectious Diseases, Multi-Organ Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christian Van Delden
- Transplant Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Faouzi Saliba
- AP-HP Hôpital Paul Brousse, Centre Hépato-Biliaire, Villejuif, France
| | - Agnès Lefort
- Université de Paris, IAME, UMR 1137, INSERM, Paris, France.,Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Beaujon, AP-HP, Clichy, France
| | - Francoise Botterel
- EA Dynamyc 7380 UPEC, ENVA, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.,Unité de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Département de Virologie, Bactériologie-Hygiène, Mycologie-Parasitologie, DHU VIC, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
| | - Olivier Lortholary
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris-Cité, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, CNRS, National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Molecular Mycology Unit, UMR2000, Paris, France.,Paris University, Necker-Pasteur Center for Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, IHU Imagine, Paris, France
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12
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Exconde PM, Hernandez-Chavez C, Bray MB, Lopez JL, Srivastava T, Egan MS, Zhang J, Shin S, Discher BM, Taabazuing CY. The tetrapeptide sequence of IL-1β regulates its recruitment and activation by inflammatory caspases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.16.528859. [PMID: 36824844 PMCID: PMC9949112 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.16.528859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian innate immune system uses germline-encoded cytosolic pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) to detect intracellular danger signals. At least six of these PRRs are known to form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes which activate cysteine proteases known as caspases. Canonical inflammasomes recruit and activate caspase-1 (CASP1), which in turn cleaves and activates inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and IL-18, as well as the pore forming protein, gasdermin D (GSDMD), to induce pyroptotic cell death. In contrast, non-canonical inflammasomes, caspases-4/-5 (CASP4/5) in humans and caspase-11 (CASP11) in mice, are activated by intracellular LPS to cleave GSDMD, but their role in direct processing of inflammatory cytokines has not been established. Here we show that active CASP4/5 directly cleave IL-18 to generate the active species. Surprisingly, we also discovered that CASP4/5/11 cleave IL-1β at D27 to generate a 27 kDa fragment that is predicted to be inactive and cannot signal to the IL-1 receptor. Mechanistically, we discovered that the sequence identity of the P4-P1 tetrapeptide sequence adjacent to the caspase cleavage site (D116) regulates the recruitment and processing of IL-1β by inflammatory caspases to generate the bioactive species. Thus, we have identified new substrates of the non-canonical inflammasomes and reveal key mechanistic details regulating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Exconde
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Claudia Hernandez-Chavez
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark B. Bray
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jan L. Lopez
- Present address: Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tamanna Srivastava
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marisa S. Egan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jenna Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sunny Shin
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bohdana M. Discher
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cornelius Y. Taabazuing
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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13
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Cheng Y, Manabe I, Hayakawa S, Endo Y, Oishi Y. Caspase-11 contributes to site-1 protease cleavage and SREBP1 activation in the inflammatory response of macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1009973. [PMID: 36776855 PMCID: PMC9912839 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1009973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) are key transcription factors that control fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. As the major SREBP isoform in macrophages, SREBP1a is also required for inflammatory and phagocytotic functions. However, it is insufficiently understood how SREBP1a is activated by the innate immune response in macrophages. Here, we show that mouse caspase-11 is a novel inflammatory activator of SREBP1a in macrophages. Upon LPS treatment, caspase-11 was found to promote the processing of site-1 protease (S1P), an enzyme that mediates the cleavage and activation of SREBP1. We also determined that caspase-11 directly associates with S1P and cleaves it at a specific site. Furthermore, deletion of the Casp4 gene, which encodes caspase-11, impaired the activation of S1P and SREBP1 as well as altered the expression of genes regulated by SREBP1 in macrophages. These results demonstrate that the caspase-11/S1P pathway activates SREBP1 in response to LPS, thus regulating subsequent macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglan Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Ichiro Manabe
- Department of Systems Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan,*Correspondence: Ichiro Manabe, ; Yumiko Oishi,
| | - Sumio Hayakawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Kisarazu, Japan
| | - Yumiko Oishi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Japan,*Correspondence: Ichiro Manabe, ; Yumiko Oishi,
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14
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Unnisa A, Greig NH, Kamal MA. Inhibition of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 Mediated Apoptosis: A Multimodal Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1001-1012. [PMID: 35339178 PMCID: PMC10227914 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220327222921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the significant causes of death and morbidity, and it is hence a focus of translational research. Apoptosis plays an essential part in the pathophysiology of TBI, and its inhibition may help overcome TBI's negative consequences and improve functional recovery. Although physiological neuronal death is necessary for appropriate embryologic development and adult cell turnover, it can also drive neurodegeneration. Caspases are principal mediators of cell death due to apoptosis and are critical for the required cleavage of intracellular proteins of cells committed to die. Caspase-3 is the major executioner Caspase of apoptosis and is regulated by a range of cellular components during physiological and pathological conditions. Activation of Caspase-3 causes proteolyzation of DNA repair proteins, cytoskeletal proteins, and the inhibitor of Caspase-activated DNase (ICAD) during programmed cell death, resulting in morphological alterations and DNA damage that define apoptosis. Caspase-9 is an additional crucial part of the intrinsic pathway, activated in response to several stimuli. Caspases can be altered post-translationally or by modulatory elements interacting with the zymogenic or active form of a Caspase, preventing their activation. The necessity of Caspase-9 and -3 in diverse apoptotic situations suggests that mammalian cells have at least four distinct apoptotic pathways. Continued investigation of these processes is anticipated to disclose new Caspase regulatory mechanisms with consequences far beyond apoptotic cell death control. The present review discusses various Caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways and the treatment strategies to inhibit the Caspases potentially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Unnisa
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail, KSA;
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770; Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, NSW, Australia
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15
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Rex DAB, Keshava Prasad TS, Kandasamy RK. Revisiting Regulated Cell Death Responses in Viral Infections. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137023. [PMID: 35806033 PMCID: PMC9266763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The fate of a viral infection in the host begins with various types of cellular responses, such as abortive, productive, latent, and destructive infections. Apoptosis, necroptosis, and pyroptosis are the three major types of regulated cell death mechanisms that play critical roles in viral infection response. Cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation, bleb formation, and retained membrane integrity are all signs of osmotic imbalance-driven cytoplasmic swelling and early membrane damage in necroptosis and pyroptosis. Caspase-driven apoptotic cell demise is considered in many circumstances as an anti-inflammatory, and some pathogens hijack the cell death signaling routes to initiate a targeted attack against the host. In this review, the selected mechanisms by which viruses interfere with cell death were discussed in-depth and were illustrated by compiling the general principles and cellular signaling mechanisms of virus–host-specific molecule interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thottethodi Subrahmanya Keshava Prasad
- Center for Systems Biology and Molecular Medicine, Yenepoya Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore 575018, India
- Correspondence: (T.S.K.P.); (R.K.K.)
| | - Richard K. Kandasamy
- Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research (CEMIR), Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine (IKOM), Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai P.O Box 505055, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (T.S.K.P.); (R.K.K.)
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16
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Wu Z, Deng J, Zhou H, Tan W, Lin L, Yang J. Programmed Cell Death in Sepsis Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:883028. [PMID: 35655858 PMCID: PMC9152147 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.883028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is common in patients with severe sepsis, and has a high incidence rate and high mortality rate in ICU patients. Most patients progress to AKI before drug treatment is initiated. Early studies suggest that the main mechanism of SA-AKI is that sepsis leads to vasodilation, hypotension and shock, resulting in insufficient renal blood perfusion, finally leading to renal tubular cell ischemia and necrosis. Research results in recent years have shown that programmed cell death such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis and autophagy play important roles. In the early stage of sepsis-related AKI, autophagy bodies form and inhibit various types of programmed cell death. With the progress of disease, programmed cell death begins. Apoptosis promoter represents caspase-8-induced apoptosis and apoptosis effector represents caspase-3-induced apoptosis, however, caspase-11 and caspase-1 regulate gasdermin D-mediated pyroptosis. Caspase-8 and receptor interacting kinase 1 bodies mediate necroptosis. This review focuses on the pathophysiological mechanisms of various programmed cell death in sepsis-related AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifen Wu
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junhui Deng
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongwen Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Chongqing Liangping District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lirong Lin
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jurong Yang
- Department of Nephrology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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17
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Cai L, Yao ZY, Yang L, Xu XH, Luo M, Dong MM, Zhou GP. Mechanism of Electroacupuncture Against Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: Reducing Inflammatory Response and Cell Pyroptosis by Inhibiting NLRP3 and Caspase-1. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:822088. [PMID: 35600074 PMCID: PMC9120636 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.822088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell pyroptosis is one of the main forms of neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion. It is accompanied by an inflammatory reaction and regulated by the caspase gene family. Electroacupuncture (EA) can reduce neuronal injury caused by cerebral ischemia–reperfusion, and we speculated that EA can prevent neuronal pyroptosis after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion by regulating the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1 pathway. The cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury model of C57 and caspase-1 gene knockout (Cas-1 ko) mice was established by Longa's method. EA was conducted at acupoints Chize (LU5), Hegu (LI4), Sanyinjiao (SP6), and Zusanli (ST36) for 1.5 h after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury for 20 min, and observation was carried out after 24 h. Neurological deficit scores evaluated the neurological function, cerebral infarction volume was observed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, TUNEL and caspase-1 double-labeled fluorescence staining, and NLRP3 and caspase-1 double-labeled immunofluorescence staining that were used to observe the morphology of neurons in hippocampus, and the protein expression of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1 p20, pro-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), cleaved IL-1β, and GSDMD was detected by Western blot assay. Results showed that EA could reduce the score of neurological deficit, reduce the volume of cerebral infarction and improve the degree of nerve cell injury, and inhibit NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, cleaved caspase-1 p20, pro-IL-1β, cleaved IL-1β, and GSDMD protein expression. In summary, EA plays a neuroprotective role by reducing the pyroptotic neurons that were caspase 1-mediated and inflammatory response after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Cai
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Yu Yao
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu-Hong Xu
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Miao Dong
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage Rehabilitation, Neuroscience Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guo-Ping Zhou
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18
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Specific NLRP3 Inflammasome Assembling and Regulation in Neutrophils: Relevance in Inflammatory and Infectious Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071188. [PMID: 35406754 PMCID: PMC8997905 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a cytosolic multimeric protein platform that leads to the activation of the protease zymogen, caspase-1 (CASP1). Inflammasome activation mediates the proteolytic activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) and program cell death called pyroptosis. The pyroptosis is mediated by the protein executioner Gasdermin D (GSDMD), which forms pores at the plasma membrane to facilitate IL-1β/IL-18 secretion and causes pyroptosis. The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in response to a large number of pathogenic and sterile insults. However, an uncontrolled inflammasome activation may drive inflammation-associated diseases. Initially, inflammasome-competent cells were believed to be limited to macrophages, dendritic cells (DC), and monocytes. However, emerging evidence indicates that neutrophils can assemble inflammasomes in response to various stimuli with functional relevance. Interestingly, the regulation of inflammasome in neutrophils appears to be unconventional. This review provides a broad overview of the role and regulation of inflammasomes—and more specifically NLRP3—in neutrophils.
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19
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Tricalcium phosphate particles promote pyroptotic death of calvaria osteocytes through the ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling axis in amouse osteolysis model. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 107:108699. [PMID: 35305384 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Wear particles-induced inflammatory osteolysis, a major factor of aseptic loosening affects the long-term survival of orthopedic prostheses. Increasing observations have demonstrated that osteocytes, making up over 95% of all the bone cells, is involved in wear particle-induced periprosthetic osteolysis, but its mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, we embedded micro-sized tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles (30 mg) under the periosteum around the middle suture of the mouse calvaria to establish a calvarial osteolysis model and investigated the biological effects of the particles on calvaria osteocytes in vivo. Results showed that TCP particles induced pyroptosis and activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in calvaria osteocytes, which was confirmed by obvious increases in empty lacunae, protein expressions of speck-like protein containing CARD (ASC), NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-1 (Casp-1 p20) and cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD-N), and resulted in elevated ratios of Casp-1 p20/Casp-1 and interleukin (IL)-1β/pro-IL-1β. Simultaneously, TCP particles enhanced serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and IL-1β. Furthermore, the pyroptotic effect was reversed by the Casp-1 inhibitor VX765 or the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950. In addition, TCP particles increased the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA), whereas decreased the antioxidant enzyme nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) level, leading to oxidative stress in calvaria osteocytes; the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated these effects of pyroptotic death and the NLPR3 activation triggered by TCP particles. Collectively, our data suggested that TCP particles promote pyroptotic death of calvaria osteocytes through the ROS/NLRP3/Caspase-1 signaling axis, contributing to osteoclastogenesis and periprosthetic osteolysis.
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20
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Bombaci G, Sarangdhar MA, Andina N, Tardivel A, Yu ECW, Mackie GM, Pugh M, Ozan VB, Banz Y, Spinetti T, Hirzel C, Youd E, Schefold JC, Taylor G, Gazdhar A, Bonadies N, Angelillo-Scherrer A, Schneider P, Maslowski KM, Allam R. LRR-protein RNH1 dampens the inflammasome activation and is associated with COVID-19 severity. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/6/e202101226. [PMID: 35256513 PMCID: PMC8922048 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RNH1 prevents inflammation by inhibiting inflammasome activation through controlling caspase-1 protein levels. In COVID-19 patients, RNH1 expression levels were negatively associated with disease severity and inflammation, suggesting a role for RNH1 in SARS-CoV-2–mediated inflammation and pathology. Inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune sensors of pathogen infection and cellular damage that induce caspase-1–mediated inflammation upon activation. Although inflammation is protective, uncontrolled excessive inflammation can cause inflammatory diseases and can be detrimental, such as in coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, the underlying mechanisms that control inflammasome activation are incompletely understood. Here we report that the leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein ribonuclease inhibitor (RNH1), which shares homology with LRRs of NLRP (nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain containing) proteins, attenuates inflammasome activation. Deletion of RNH1 in macrophages increases interleukin (IL)-1β production and caspase-1 activation in response to inflammasome stimulation. Mechanistically, RNH1 decreases pro-IL-1β expression and induces proteasome-mediated caspase-1 degradation. Corroborating this, mouse models of monosodium urate (MSU)-induced peritonitis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia, which are dependent on caspase-1, respectively, show increased neutrophil infiltration and lethality in Rnh1−/− mice compared with wild-type mice. Furthermore, RNH1 protein levels were negatively related with disease severity and inflammation in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We propose that RNH1 is a new inflammasome regulator with relevance to COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bombaci
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mayuresh Anant Sarangdhar
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Andina
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Aubry Tardivel
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Eric Chi-Wang Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gillian M Mackie
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Matthew Pugh
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Vedat Burak Ozan
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yara Banz
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cedric Hirzel
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Esther Youd
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, Forensic Medicine and Science. University of Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Joerg C Schefold
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Graham Taylor
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Amiq Gazdhar
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Bonadies
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anne Angelillo-Scherrer
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kendle M Maslowski
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ramanjaneyulu Allam
- Department of Hematology and Central Hematology Laboratory, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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21
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Sheibani M, Azizi Y, Shayan M, Nezamoleslami S, Eslami F, Farjoo MH, Dehpour AR. Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity: An Overview on Pre-clinical Therapeutic Approaches. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:292-310. [DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09721-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Tummers B, Green DR. The evolution of regulated cell death pathways in animals and their evasion by pathogens. Physiol Rev 2022; 102:411-454. [PMID: 34898294 PMCID: PMC8676434 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00002.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The coevolution of host-pathogen interactions underlies many human physiological traits associated with protection from or susceptibility to infections. Among the mechanisms that animals utilize to control infections are the regulated cell death pathways of pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. Over the course of evolution these pathways have become intricate and complex, coevolving with microbes that infect animal hosts. Microbes, in turn, have evolved strategies to interfere with the pathways of regulated cell death to avoid eradication by the host. Here, we present an overview of the mechanisms of regulated cell death in Animalia and the strategies devised by pathogens to interfere with these processes. We review the molecular pathways of regulated cell death, their roles in infection, and how they are perturbed by viruses and bacteria, providing insights into the coevolution of host-pathogen interactions and cell death pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Tummers
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Douglas R Green
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
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23
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Suzuki M, Kohmura-Kobayashi Y, Ueda M, Furuta-Isomura N, Matsumoto M, Oda T, Kawai K, Itoh T, Matsuya M, Narumi M, Tamura N, Uchida T, Mochizuki K, Itoh H. Comparative Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles in the Adipose Tissue of Obese Adult Mice With Rapid Infantile Growth After Undernourishment In Utero. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:818064. [PMID: 35295992 PMCID: PMC8920555 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.818064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid infantile growth (RG) markedly increases the risk of obesity and metabolic disorders in adulthood, particularly among neonates born small. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which RG following undernourishment in utero (UN) contributes to the deterioration of adult fat deposition, we developed a UN mouse model using maternal energy restriction, followed by RG achieved by adjustments to 4 pups per litter soon after birth. A high-fat diet (HFD) was fed to weaned pups treated or not (Veh) with tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TU). UN-RG pups showed the deterioration of diet-induced obesity and fat deposition, which was ameliorated by TU. We performed a microarray analysis of epididymal adipose tissue and two gene enrichment analyses (NN-Veh vs UN-RD-Veh and UN-RG-Veh vs UN-RG-TU). The results obtained identified 4 common gene ontologies (GO) terms of inflammatory pathways. In addition to the inflammatory characteristics of 4 GO terms, the results of heatmap and principal component analyses of the representative genes from 4 GO terms, genes of interest (GOI; Saa3, Ubd, S100a8, Hpx, Casp1, Agt, Ptgs2) selected from the 4 GO terms, and immunohistochemistry of macrophages collectively suggested the critical involvement of inflammation in the regulation of fat deposition in the responses to UN and TU. Therefore, the present results support the 'Developmental Origins of Metaflammation', the last word of which was recently proposed by the concept of metabolic disorders induced by low-grade systemic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kohmura-Kobayashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yukiko Kohmura-Kobayashi,
| | - Megumi Ueda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naomi Furuta-Isomura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Masako Matsumoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Oda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kenta Kawai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshiya Itoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Madoka Matsuya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Megumi Narumi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naoaki Tamura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Uchida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Mochizuki
- Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Local Produce and Food Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Itoh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
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24
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Li C, Wang W, Xie SS, Ma WX, Fan QW, Chen Y, He Y, Wang JN, Yang Q, Li HD, Jin J, Liu MM, Meng XM, Wen JG. The Programmed Cell Death of Macrophages, Endothelial Cells, and Tubular Epithelial Cells in Sepsis-AKI. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:796724. [PMID: 34926535 PMCID: PMC8674574 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.796724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, following with acute injury to multiple organs. Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is currently recognized as one of the most severe complications related to sepsis. The pathophysiology of sepsis-AKI involves multiple cell types, including macrophages, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), etc. More significantly, programmed cell death including apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis could be triggered by sepsis in these types of cells, which enhances AKI progress. Moreover, the cross-talk and connections between these cells and cell death are critical for better understanding the pathophysiological basis of sepsis-AKI. Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are traditionally considered as the leading triggers of programmed cell death. Recent findings also highlight that autophagy, mitochondria quality control and epigenetic modification, which interact with programmed cell death, participate in the damage process in sepsis-AKI. The insightful understanding of the programmed cell death in sepsis-AKI could facilitate the development of effective treatment, as well as preventive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Xie
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Xian Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qian-Wen Fan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-di Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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25
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Differential involvement of the canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the immune response against infection by the periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100023. [PMID: 34841314 PMCID: PMC8610350 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical P2 × 7-Caspase-1 pathway is necessary for secretion of IL-1β in oral tissues and macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. P2 × 7 receptor controls bacterial load of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis in macrophages and in mice. Caspase-11 is essential for F. nucleatum-induced secretion of IL-1β in macrophages, limits F. nucleatum infection in macrophages and in mice, and is required for cell death induced by F. nucleatum infection. The canonical inflammasome is activated preferentially in response to P. gingivalis infection, while the noncanonical inflammasome plays a predominant role during F. nucleatum infection.
We examined the involvement of the P2 × 7 receptor and the canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the control of single-species or dual-species infection by the periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in cells and mice. Stimulation of the P2 × 7 receptor leads to activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of caspase-1, which leads to cleavage of pro-IL-1β to IL-1β, a key cytokine in the host inflammatory response in periodontal disease. The non-canonical inflammasome pathway involves caspase-11. Thus, wildtype (WT), P2 × 7−/−, caspase-11−/− and caspase-1/11−/− mice were co-infected with both bacterial species. In parallel, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT mice and the different knockout mice were infected with P. gingivalis and/or F. nucleatum, and treated or not with extracellular ATP, which is recognized by P2 × 7. F. nucleatum infection alone promoted secretion of IL-1β in BMDMs. Conversely, the canonical pathway involving P2 × 7 and caspase-1 was necessary for secretion of IL-1β in BMDMs infected with P. gingivalis and in the mandible of mice coinfected with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. The P2 × 7 pathway can limit bacterial load in single-species and dual-species infection with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum in BMDMs and in mice. The non-canonical pathway involving caspase-11 was required for secretion of IL-1β induced by F. nucleatum infection in BMDMs, without treatment with ATP. Caspase-11 was also required for induction of cell death during infection with F. nucleatum and contributed to limiting bacterial load during F. nucleatum infection in BMDMs and in the gingival tissue of mice coinfected with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Together, these data suggest that the P2 × 7-caspase-1 and caspase-11 pathways are involved in the immune response against infection by P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, respectively.
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26
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Zhang Q, Xie T, Mo G, Zhang Z, Lin L, Zhang X. ACSL1 Inhibits ALV-J Replication by IFN-Ⅰ Signaling and PI3K/Akt Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 12:774323. [PMID: 34777393 PMCID: PMC8585972 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.774323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
J subgroup avian leukosis virus (ALV-J) infection causes serious immunosuppression problems, leading to hematopoietic malignancy tumors in chicken. It has been demonstrated that interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) could limit ALV-J replication; nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that Long-chain Acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is an interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene that specifically restricts the replication of ALV-J due to the higher IFN-I production. More importantly, ACSL1 induces primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) to pro-inflammatory phenotypic states during ALV-J infection, and ACSL1 mediates apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in ALV-J-infected primary monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Overall, these results provide evidence that ACSL1 contributes to the antiviral response against ALV-J.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guodong Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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27
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Zeng X, Luo X, Mao X, Wen D, Zhang H, Wang J. Inflammatory and immune-related factor Caspase 1 contributes to the development of oral lichen planus. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 131:105244. [PMID: 34481194 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed at underlying the potential regulatory mechanism and overall biological functions of caspase 1 (CASP1) in oral lichen planus (OLP). DESIGN Buccal mucosa tissue samples were gained from healthy subjects or patients diagnosed with OLP. Immunochemical staining was applied to detect CASP1 in OLP tissues. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to construct OLP in vitro models. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry assay were applied to detecte cell viability and apoptosis. RESULTS The upregulation of CASP1 in OLP has been identified through comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and verified in clinical samples. In OLP tissues, inflammation-related factors, including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-18, were elevated and positively correlated with CASP1. In HaCaT cells, LPS stimulation induced CASP1 upregulation, suppressed cell viability, facilitated cell apoptosis, and elevated the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-18; silencing of CASP1 attenuated LPS-induced damages to HaCaT cells. Pearson's correlation analysis identified that 45 immune-related genes were positively correlated with CASP1; these 45 genes were enriched in the immune system process, associated with combined immunodeficiency, and spleen-specific and CD56 + NK cell-specific. PPI network among CASP1 and correlated immune-related factors was constructed, and CASP1 was positively correlated with RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB. In HaCaT cells, LPS stimulation induced RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB expression, whereas knocking down CASP1 attenuated LPS-induced increases in RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB. CONCLUSION CASP1 is upregulated in OLP tissues. Knockdown of CASP1 in HaCaT cells could protect HaCaT cells from LPS-induced inflammatory injury. Comprehensive bioinformatics indicates that the interaction of CASP1 with RAC2, CYBB, and ARHGDIB, might be the potential molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefang Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China; Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Xue Luo
- Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Xia Mao
- Department of Immunology, Yueyang Vocational Technigal College, Yueyang, 414000, Hunan, China
| | - Dada Wen
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Huamin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, Hunan, China.
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28
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Wang X, Song Z, Li H, Liu K, Sun Y, Liu X, Wang M, Yang Y, Su S, Li Z. Short-wavelength blue light contributes to the pyroptosis of human lens epithelial cells (hLECs). Exp Eye Res 2021; 212:108786. [PMID: 34624334 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of short-wavelength blue light (SWBL) on cultured human lens epithelial cells (hLECs). The pathogenesis of cataracts after SWBL exposure is discussed. METHODS HLE-B3 hLECs were randomly divided into 3 groups: the NC group, which was grown in a dark incubator; the acetyl (Ac)-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-chloromethyl ketone (AC-YVAD-CMK) treatment group; and the SWBL exposure group. After SWBL (2500 lux) irradiation (for 8, 16, 24, and 32 h), caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression levels in HLE-B3 hLECs were examined using ELISA, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting analyses. Double-positive staining of hLECs for activated and inhibited caspase-1 was used to determine pyroptosis in HLE-B3 hLECs. RESULTS SWBL led to hLEC death, but a caspase-1 inhibitor suppressed cell death. The flow cytometry results also confirmed the dose-dependent effect of SWBL irradiation on the pyroptotic death of hLECs. Caspase-1 and GSDMD expression levels in all hLEC groups changed with blue light exposure times (8, 16, 24, and 32 h) and were higher in the AC-YVAD-CMK and SWBL exposure groups than in the NC group. The immunofluorescence results revealed higher GSDMD-N expression in the cell membrane of both the AC-YVAD-CMK and SWBL exposure groups than in the NC group. CONCLUSIONS Based on the data, SWBL induces pyroptotic programmed cell death by activating the GSDMD signalling axis in HLE-B3 hLECs. These results provide new insights into the exploitation of new candidates for the prevention of cataracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Zhaowei Song
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Huazhang Li
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Meiyu Wang
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Yuexing Yang
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Sheng Su
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- Eye Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, China.
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In vivo studies on Citrobacter rodentium and host cell death pathways. Curr Opin Microbiol 2021; 64:60-67. [PMID: 34601305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Citrobacter rodentium is a mouse-specific extracellular enteropathogen, commonly used as a small animal model for studying human enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infections. Both pathogens share a core set of virulence factors, including a type III secretion system, which enables translocation of effector proteins into infected cells to subvert host antimicrobial responses. Notably, these bacterial effectors have been reported to specifically target components of the apoptotic, necroptotic and pyroptotic signaling cascades in vivo, resulting in compromised immune cell recruitment and impaired mucosal homeostasis. Identifying the contributions of each cell death modality to bacterial control in a physiological model represents a crucial step in furthering our understanding of host-pathogen evolution and may provide insight into the host evasion strategies utilised by other enteric pathogens.
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Américo-Da-Silva L, Aguilera J, Quinteros-Waltemath O, Sánchez-Aguilera P, Russell J, Cadagan C, Meneses-Valdés R, Sánchez G, Estrada M, Jorquera G, Barrientos G, Llanos P. Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Increases the IL-1β Level and Decreases GLUT4 Translocation in Skeletal Muscle during Insulin Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10212. [PMID: 34638553 PMCID: PMC8508423 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-grade chronic inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance (IR), and skeletal muscle has a central role in this condition. NLRP3 inflammasome activation pathways promote low-grade chronic inflammation in several tissues. However, a direct link between IR and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in skeletal muscle has not been reported. Here, we evaluated the NLRP3 inflammasome components and their role in GLUT4 translocation impairment in skeletal muscle during IR. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a normal control diet (NCD) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks. The protein levels of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, gasdermin-D (GSDMD), and interleukin (IL)-1β were measured in both homogenized and isolated fibers from the flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) or soleus muscle. GLUT4 translocation was determined through GLUT4myc-eGFP electroporation of the FBD muscle. Our results, obtained using immunofluorescence, showed that adult skeletal muscle expresses the inflammasome components. In the FDB and soleus muscles, homogenates from HFD-fed mice, we found increased protein levels of NLRP3 and ASC, higher activation of caspase-1, and elevated IL-1β in its mature form, compared to NCD-fed mice. Moreover, GSDMD, a protein that mediates IL-1β secretion, was found to be increased in HFD-fed-mice muscles. Interestingly, MCC950, a specific pharmacological NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor, promoted GLUT4 translocation in fibers isolated from the FDB muscle of NCD- and HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, we found increased NLRP3 inflammasome components in adult skeletal muscle of obese insulin-resistant animals, which might contribute to the low-grade chronic metabolic inflammation of skeletal muscle and IR development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luan Américo-Da-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (L.A.-D.-S.); (J.A.); (O.Q.-W.); (C.C.)
| | - Javiera Aguilera
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (L.A.-D.-S.); (J.A.); (O.Q.-W.); (C.C.)
| | - Oscar Quinteros-Waltemath
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (L.A.-D.-S.); (J.A.); (O.Q.-W.); (C.C.)
| | - Pablo Sánchez-Aguilera
- Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (P.S.-A.); (R.M.-V.)
| | - Javier Russell
- Escuela de Pedagogía en Educación Física, Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8900000, Chile;
| | - Cynthia Cadagan
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (L.A.-D.-S.); (J.A.); (O.Q.-W.); (C.C.)
| | - Roberto Meneses-Valdés
- Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (P.S.-A.); (R.M.-V.)
| | - Gina Sánchez
- Programa de Fisiopatología, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Manuel Estrada
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Gonzalo Jorquera
- Centro de Neurobiología y Fisiopatología Integrativa (CENFI), Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2360102, Chile;
| | - Genaro Barrientos
- Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (P.S.-A.); (R.M.-V.)
- Programa de Fisiología y Biofísica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Paola Llanos
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380544, Chile; (L.A.-D.-S.); (J.A.); (O.Q.-W.); (C.C.)
- Centro de Estudios en Ejercicio, Metabolismo y Cáncer, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (P.S.-A.); (R.M.-V.)
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Zhang Y, Huang K, Zhang Y, Han T, Li L, Ruan C, Sun YH, Shi W, Han W, Wu SQ, Song J, Liu J, Han J. A unique death pathway keeps RIPK1 D325A mutant mice in check at embryonic day 10.5. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001304. [PMID: 34437534 PMCID: PMC8389420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (TNFR1) signaling, apart from its pleiotropic functions in inflammation, plays a role in embryogenesis as deficiency of varieties of its downstream molecules leads to embryonic lethality in mice. Caspase-8 noncleavable receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) mutations occur naturally in humans, and the corresponding D325A mutation in murine RIPK1 leads to death at early midgestation. It is known that both the demise of Ripk1D325A/D325A embryos and the death of Casp8-/- mice are initiated by TNFR1, but they are mediated by apoptosis and necroptosis, respectively. Here, we show that the defects in Ripk1D325A/D325A embryos occur at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5), earlier than that caused by Casp8 knockout. By analyzing a series of genetically mutated mice, we elucidated a mechanism that leads to the lethality of Ripk1D325A/D325A embryos and compared it with that underlies Casp8 deletion-mediated lethality. We revealed that the apoptosis in Ripk1D325A/D325A embryos requires a scaffold function of RIPK3 and enzymatically active caspase-8. Unexpectedly, caspase-1 and caspase-11 are downstream of activated caspase-8, and concurrent depletion of Casp1 and Casp11 postpones the E10.5 lethality to embryonic day 13.5 (E13.5). Moreover, caspase-3 is an executioner of apoptosis at E10.5 in Ripk1D325A/D325A mice as its deletion extends life of Ripk1D325A/D325A mice to embryonic day 11.5 (E11.5). Hence, an unexpected death pathway of TNFR1 controls RIPK1 D325A mutation-induced lethality at E10.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yuxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chenchen Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ye-hsuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenke Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Su-qin Wu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jiahuai Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Research Unit of Cellular Stress of CAMS, Cancer Research Center of Xiamen University, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- * E-mail:
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Schnepf D, Hernandez P, Mahlakõiv T, Crotta S, Sullender ME, Peterson ST, Ohnemus A, Michiels C, Gentle I, Dumoutier L, Reis CA, Diefenbach A, Wack A, Baldridge MT, Staeheli P. Rotavirus susceptibility of antibiotic-treated mice ascribed to diminished expression of interleukin-22. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247738. [PMID: 34383769 PMCID: PMC8360596 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The commensal microbiota regulates susceptibility to enteric pathogens by fine-tuning mucosal innate immune responses, but how susceptibility to enteric viruses is shaped by the microbiota remains incompletely understood. Past reports have indicated that commensal bacteria may either promote or repress rotavirus replication in the small intestine of mice. We now report that rotavirus replicated more efficiently in the intestines of germ-free and antibiotic-treated mice compared to animals with an unmodified microbiota. Antibiotic treatment also facilitated rotavirus replication in type I and type III interferon (IFN) receptor-deficient mice, revealing IFN-independent proviral effects. Expression of interleukin-22 (IL-22) was strongly diminished in the intestine of antibiotic-treated mice. Treatment with exogenous IL-22 blocked rotavirus replication in microbiota-depleted wild-type and Stat1-/- mice, demonstrating that the antiviral effect of IL-22 in animals with altered microbiome is not dependent on IFN signaling. In antibiotic-treated animals, IL-22-induced a specific set of genes including Fut2, encoding fucosyl-transferase 2 that participates in the biosynthesis of fucosylated glycans which can mediate rotavirus binding. Interestingly, IL-22 also blocked rotavirus replication in antibiotic-treated Fut2-/- mice. Furthermore, IL-22 inhibited rotavirus replication in antibiotic-treated mice lacking key molecules of the necroptosis or pyroptosis pathways of programmed cell death. Taken together, our results demonstrate that IL-22 determines rotavirus susceptibility of antibiotic-treated mice, yet the IL-22-induced effector molecules conferring rotavirus resistance remain elusive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Schnepf
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Pedro Hernandez
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U934, CNRS UMR3215, Development and Homeostasis of Mucosal Tissues Group, Paris, France
| | - Tanel Mahlakõiv
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefania Crotta
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Meagan E. Sullender
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Stefan T. Peterson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Annette Ohnemus
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Camille Michiels
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ian Gentle
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Laure Dumoutier
- de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Celso A. Reis
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreas Diefenbach
- Institute of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Mucosal and Developmental Immunology, Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, an Institute of the Leibniz Gemeinschaft, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Wack
- Immunoregulation Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Megan T. Baldridge
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences & Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Peter Staeheli
- Institute of Virology, Medical Center University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Moya GE, Rivera PD, Dittenhafer-Reed KE. Evidence for the Role of Mitochondrial DNA Release in the Inflammatory Response in Neurological Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7030. [PMID: 34209978 PMCID: PMC8268735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are regarded as the metabolic centers of cells and are integral in many other cell processes, including the immune response. Each mitochondrion contains numerous copies of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), a small, circular, and bacterial-like DNA. In response to cellular damage or stress, mtDNA can be released from the mitochondrion and trigger immune and inflammatory responses. mtDNA release into the cytosol or bloodstream can occur as a response to hypoxia, sepsis, traumatic injury, excitatory cytotoxicity, or drastic mitochondrial membrane potential changes, some of which are hallmarks of neurodegenerative and mood disorders. Released mtDNA can mediate inflammatory responses observed in many neurological and mood disorders by driving the expression of inflammatory cytokines and the interferon response system. The current understanding of the role of mtDNA release in affective mood disorders and neurodegenerative diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Phillip D. Rivera
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Hope College, Holland, MI 49423, USA;
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Tamai R, Mashima I, Kiyoura Y. Alendronate Augments Lipid A-Induced IL-1α Release via Activation of ASC but Not Caspase-11. Inflammation 2021; 44:2132-2141. [PMID: 34080091 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs), such as alendronate (ALN), are anti-bone-resorptive drugs that have inflammatory side effects. We previously reported that ALN augmented lipid A-induced interleukin (IL)-1β production and NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing-3 (NLRP3)/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC)-dependent cell death. The present study aimed to examine whether ALN augments lipid A-induced IL-1α release and necroptosis, which is induced by the activation of receptor-interacting protein kinase (RIPK) 3. Treatment of J774.1 cells with ALN augmented lipid A-induced IL-1α release, which was not inhibited by Ac-IETD-CHO, a caspase-8 inhibitor. ALN also activated mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), a key mediator of the necroptosis pathway, and upregulated the expression of caspase-11, a lipid A receptor. GSK'872, a RIPK3 inhibitor, suppressed the ALN-upregulated expression of caspase-11 and augmented lipid A-induced caspase-8 activation. Moreover, ALN induced the release of NLRP3 and ASC into culture supernatants. GSK'872, but not Ac-IETD-CHO, reduced the ALN-induced release of NLRP3, but not ASC, into culture supernatants, and reduced ALN-induced cell death, but not ALN-induced LDH release. Antibodies against NLRP3 and ASC upregulated caspase-11 expression in the cytosol by inhibiting ALN-induced cell death. However, pretreating cells with an antibody against ASC, but not NLRP3, before ALN addition also inhibited lipid A-induced IL-1α release. Pretreating cells with an antibody against caspase-11 before the addition of ALN or lipid A did not downregulate lipid A-induced production of IL-1α. Taken together, our findings suggest that ALN augments lipid A-induced IL-1α release via activation of ASC, but not caspase-11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyoko Tamai
- Department of Oral Medical Science, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan.
| | - Izumi Mashima
- Department of Oral Medical Science, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kiyoura
- Department of Oral Medical Science, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Misumido, Tomitamachi, Koriyama, Fukushima, 963-8611, Japan
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35
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Liu H, Fafeng, Cheng, Tang F, Wang Y, Liu S, Wang X. Paeoniflorin inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in LO2 cells by regulating RhoA/NLRP3 pathway. JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Kolachala VL, Lopez C, Shen M, Shayakhmetov D, Gupta NA. Ischemia reperfusion injury induces pyroptosis and mediates injury in steatotic liver thorough Caspase 1 activation. Apoptosis 2021; 26:361-370. [PMID: 33990906 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-021-01673-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A steatotic liver is increasingly vulnerable to ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), and the underlying mechanisms are incompletely defined. Caspases are endo-proteases, which provide critical regulatory connections between cell death and inflammation. Caspase 1 is driven by inflammasomes which are key signaling platforms, that detect sterile stressors (DAMPs), releasing the highly pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin IL-8 and IL-1β. To delineate the involvement of Caspase 1 and 11 in hepatocellular injury in steatotic liver undergoing IRI. Male C57BL6/Wild Type and Caspase 1Null, Caspase 11-/- and Caspase 1-/-/11-/- mice were fed a high fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. These mice were subjected to 40 min of ischemia followed by 2-24 h of reperfusion. Hepatocellular injury was assessed by histopathologic injury scoring, serum ALT and propidium iodide (PI) uptake, mRNA levels of Caspase 1, IL-1β by RT PCR, Caspase 1 activity assay and Caspase 1. Specific Caspase 1, inhibitor experiments were carried out. All groups gained similar body weight after a 12-week HFD. Cleaved Caspase 1 protein levels, Caspase 1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in steatotic liver undergoing IRI. Executor of pyroptosis cleaved GSDMD levels were higher in HFD fed mouse compared to lean. In addition, genetic deletion of Caspase 1, Casp1Null mouse expressing Caspase-11 and Caspase 1/11 double knock out demonstrated significant reduction in serum ALT (p < 0.01), Injury Score, (p < 0.0002) but not in Caspase 11 alone. Caspase 1 is the driver of hepatocellular injury in a steatotic liver undergoing IRI, inhibition of which leads to hepatoprotection, thus providing a therapeutic target for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasantha L Kolachala
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Chrissy Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ming Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dmitry Shayakhmetov
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Nitika Arora Gupta
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, 1760 Haygood Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA. .,Transplant Services, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Rawat PS, Jaiswal A, Khurana A, Bhatti JS, Navik U. Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity: An update on the molecular mechanism and novel therapeutic strategies for effective management. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 139:111708. [PMID: 34243633 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (Dox) is a secondary metabolite of the mutated strain of Streptomyces peucetius var. Caesius and belongs to the anthracyclines family. The anti-cancer activity of Dox is mainly exerted through the DNA intercalation and inhibiting topoisomerase II enzyme in fast-proliferating tumors. However, Dox causes cumulative and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, which results in increased risks of mortality among cancer patients and thus limiting its wide clinical applications. There are several mechanisms has been proposed for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and oxidative stress, free radical generation and apoptosis are most widely reported. Apart from this, other mechanisms are also involved in Dox-induced cardiotoxicity such as impaired mitochondrial function, a perturbation in iron regulatory protein, disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis, autophagy, the release of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators and altered gene and protein expression that involved apoptosis. Dox also causes downregulation of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) enzyme activity which leads to a reduction in the DNA methylation process. This hypomethylation causes dysregulation in the mitochondrial genes like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1-alpha (PGC-1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) unit in the heart. Apart from DNA methylation, Dox treatment also alters the micro RNAs levels and histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity. Therefore, in the current review, we have provided a detailed update on the current understanding of the pathological mechanisms behind the well-known Dox-induced cardiotoxicity. Further, we have provided some of the most plausible pharmacological strategies which have been tested against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushkar Singh Rawat
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Aiswarya Jaiswal
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, PVNRTVU, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500030, Telangana, India; Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of human genetics and molecular medicine, School of health sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda 151401, Punjab, India.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
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Ju X, Yang Z, Zhang H, Wang Q. Role of pyroptosis in cancer cells and clinical applications. Biochimie 2021; 185:78-86. [PMID: 33746064 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy drugs usually inhibit tumor cell growth through the apoptosis pathway. However, tumor cells become resistant to chemotherapy drugs by evading apoptosis. It is necessary to find new ways to inhibit tumor growth through other types of death. Pyroptosis is a recently identified inflammatory cell death that plays an important role in a variety of diseases, including cancer. In this review, we will systematically review recent progress in the pyroptosis signaling pathway, the role of inflammasomes in cancer in the context of pyroptosis, the role of gasdermin proteins in cancer and the role of pyroptosis in tumor immunity. We will also discuss the application of the pyroptosis pathway in clinical studies. Finally, we hope to provide new strategies for pyroptosis in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Ju
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
| | - Zhilong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Heng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Lishui District People's Hospital, Zhongda Hospital Lishui Branch, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Stolzer I, Ruder B, Neurath MF, Günther C. Interferons at the crossroad of cell death pathways during gastrointestinal inflammation and infection. Int J Med Microbiol 2021; 311:151491. [PMID: 33662871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2021.151491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are pleiotropic immune-modulatory cytokines that are well known for their essential role in host defense against viruses, bacteria, and other pathogenic microorganisms. They can exert both, protective or destructive functions depending on the microorganism, the targeted tissue and the cellular context. Interferon signaling results in the induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) influencing different cellular pathways including direct anti-viral/anti-bacterial response, immune-modulation or cell death. Multiple pathways leading to host cell death have been described, and it is becoming clear that depending on the cellular context, IFN-induced cell death can be beneficial for both: host and pathogen. Accordingly, activation or repression of corresponding signaling mechanisms occurs during various types of infection but is also an important pathway for gastrointestinal inflammation and tissue damage. In this review, we summarize the role of interferons at the crossroad of various cell death pathways in the gut during inflammation and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Barbara Ruder
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany; Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie DZI, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
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Briard B, Malireddi RKS, Kanneganti TD. Role of inflammasomes/pyroptosis and PANoptosis during fungal infection. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009358. [PMID: 33735255 PMCID: PMC7971547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Briard
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - R. K. Subbarao Malireddi
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
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Pyroptosis by caspase-11 inflammasome-Gasdermin D pathway in autoimmune diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105408. [PMID: 33412278 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are a group of supramolecular complexes primarily comprise a sensor, adaptor protein and an effector. Among them, canonical inflammasomes are assembled by one specific pattern recognition receptor, the adaptor protein apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD and procaspase-1. Murine caspase-11 and its human ortholog caspase-4/5 are identified as cytosolic sensors which directly responds to LPS. Once gaining access to cytosol, LPS further trigger inflammasome activation in noncanonical way. Downstream pore-forming Gasdermin D is a pyroptosis executioner. Emerging evidence announced in recent years demonstrate the vital role played by caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome in a range of autoimmune diseases. Pharmacological ablation of caspase-11 and its related effector results in potent therapeutic effects. Though recent advances have highlighted the potential of caspase-11 as a drug target, the understanding of caspase-11 molecular activation and regulation mechanism remains to be limited and thus hampered the discovery and progression of novel inhibitors. Here in this timeline review, we explored how caspase-11 get involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, we also collected the reported small-molecular caspase-11 inhibitors. Moreover, the clinical implications and therapeutic potential of caspase-11 inhibitors are discussed. Targeting non-canonical inflammasomes is a promising strategy for autoimmune diseases treatment, while information about the toxicity and physiological disposition of the promising caspase-11 inhibitors need to be supplemented before they can be translated from bench to bedside.
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He D, Li X, Zhang F, Wang C, Liu Y, Bhawal UK, Sun J. Dec2 inhibits macrophage pyroptosis to promote periodontal homeostasis. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2021; 52:28-38. [PMID: 35187871 PMCID: PMC8860764 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2101380069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Macrophages play crucial roles as early responders to bacterial pathogens and promote/ or impede chronic inflammation in various tissues. Periodontal macrophage-induced pyroptosis results in physiological and pathological inflammatory responses. The transcription factor Dec2 is involved in regulating immune function and inflammatory processes. To characterize the potential unknown role of Dec2 in the innate immune system, we sought to elucidate the mechanism that may alleviate macrophage pyroptosis in periodontal inflammation. Methods Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Subsequently, we established an LPS-stimulated Dec2 overexpression cellular model in macrophages. Human chronic periodontitis tissues were employed to evaluate potential changes in inflammatory marker expression and pyroptosis. Finally, the effects of Dec2 deficiency on inflammation and pyroptosis were characterized in a P. gingivalis-treated experimental periodontitis Dec2-knockout mouse model. Results Macrophages treated with LPS revealed significantly increased messenger RNA expression levels of Dec2 and interleukin (IL)-1β. Dec2 overexpression reduced IL-1β expression in macrophages treated with LPS. Overexpression of Dec2 also repressed the cleavage of gasdermin D (GSDMD), and the expression of caspase-11 was concurrently reduced in macrophages treated with LPS. Human chronic periodontitis tissues showed significantly higher gingival inflammation and pyroptosis-related protein expression than non-periodontitis tissues. In vivo, P. gingivalis-challenged mice exhibited a significant augmentation of F4/80, tumor necrosis factor-α, and IL-1β. Dec2 deficiency markedly induced GSDMD expression in the periodontal ligament of P. gingivalis-challenged mice. Conclusions Our findings indicate that Dec2 deficiency exacerbated P. gingivalis LPS-induced periodontal inflammation and GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. Collectively, our results present novel insights into the molecular functions of macrophage pyroptosis and document an unforeseen role of Dec2 in pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei He
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Mucosa Disease, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Fengzhu Zhang
- Shenyang Medical College School of Stomatology, Shenyang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Histology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Yi Liu
- Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Ujjal K. Bhawal
- Department of Oral Health, Kanagawa Dental University, Yokosuka, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Japan
| | - Jiang Sun
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Mucosa Disease, Dalian Stomatological Hospital, Dalian, China
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Galactosaminogalactan activates the inflammasome to provide host protection. Nature 2020; 588:688-692. [PMID: 33268895 PMCID: PMC8086055 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2996-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are important sentinels of innate immune defense activated in response to diverse stimuli, including pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)1. Activation of the inflammasome provides host defense against aspergillosis2,3, a major health concern for immunocompromised patients; however, the Aspergillus fumigatus PAMPs responsible for inflammasome activation are not known. Here we discovered that A. fumigatus galactosaminogalactan (GAG) is a novel PAMP that activates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Binding of GAG to ribosomal proteins inhibited cellular translation machinery, thereby activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. The galactosamine moiety bound to ribosomal proteins and blocked cellular translation, triggering NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In mice, a GAG-deficient Aspergillus mutant Δgt4c failed to elicit protective inflammasome activation and exhibited enhanced virulence. Moreover, administration of GAG protected mice from DSS-induced colitis in an inflammasome-dependent manner. Thus, ribosomes connect sensing of this fungal PAMP to activation of an innate immune response.
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Downs KP, Nguyen H, Dorfleutner A, Stehlik C. An overview of the non-canonical inflammasome. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 76:100924. [PMID: 33187725 PMCID: PMC7808250 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammasomes are large cytosolic multiprotein complexes assembled in response to infection and cellular stress, and are crucial for the activation of inflammatory caspases and the subsequent processing and release of pro-inflammatory mediators. While caspase-1 is activated within the canonical inflammasome, the related caspase-4 (also known as caspase-11 in mice) and caspase-5 are activated within the non-canonical inflammasome upon sensing of cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria. However, the consequences of canonical and non-canonical inflammasome activation are similar. Caspase-1 promotes the processing and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and the release of danger signals, as well as a lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis, whereas caspase-4, caspase-5 and caspase-11 directly promote pyroptosis through cleavage of the pore-forming protein gasdermin D (GSDMD), and trigger a secondary activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome for cytokine release. Since the presence of the non-canonical inflammasome activator LPS leads to endotoxemia and sepsis, non-canonical inflammasome activation and regulation has important clinical ramifications. Here we discuss the mechanism of non-canonical inflammasome activation, mechanisms regulating its activity and its contribution to health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin P Downs
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Huyen Nguyen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Andrea Dorfleutner
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
| | - Christian Stehlik
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA; Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA.
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Wang X, Yang Y, Cai WQ, Lu Y. The Relationship of Sphingosine Kinase 1 With Pyroptosis Provides a New Strategy for Tumor Therapy. Front Immunol 2020; 11:574990. [PMID: 33123153 PMCID: PMC7566665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) is a crucial molecule that catalyzes sphingosine to synthesize sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), facilitating cell survival signaling. Pyroptosis is a perplexing inflammatory mode of cell death primarily triggered by caspase-1, evoked by the NLRP3 inflammasome. Sphingosine is identified as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP), which activates the NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and induces the pyroptosis. It has been demonstrated that macrophages play a pro-tumorigenic role and are closely associated with tumor progression. Attenuation of SPHK1 activity contributes significantly to macrophage pyroptosis and tumor inhibition. Calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) plays an important role in the translocation of SPHK1 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane, whereas CIB2 blocks the subcellular trafficking of SPHK1. Therefore, knockout of CIB1 or over-expression of CIB2 will result in sphingosine accumulation and contribute significantly to cancer treatment by several approaches. First, it directly provokes cancer cell apoptosis or triggers robust anti-tumor immunity by pyroptosis-induced inflammation. Second, it could restrain SPHK1 translocation from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane and further pyroptosis, which not only drive M2 macrophages death but also facilitate tumor microenvironment inflammation as well as the further release of sphingosine from damaged macrophages. The perspective might provide novel insight into the association between SPHK1 and pyroptosis and suggest the potential target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wen-Qi Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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Doerflinger M, Deng Y, Whitney P, Salvamoser R, Engel S, Kueh AJ, Tai L, Bachem A, Gressier E, Geoghegan ND, Wilcox S, Rogers KL, Garnham AL, Dengler MA, Bader SM, Ebert G, Pearson JS, De Nardo D, Wang N, Yang C, Pereira M, Bryant CE, Strugnell RA, Vince JE, Pellegrini M, Strasser A, Bedoui S, Herold MJ. Flexible Usage and Interconnectivity of Diverse Cell Death Pathways Protect against Intracellular Infection. Immunity 2020; 53:533-547.e7. [PMID: 32735843 PMCID: PMC7500851 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death contributes to host defense against pathogens. To investigate the relative importance of pyroptosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis during Salmonella infection, we infected mice and macrophages deficient for diverse combinations of caspases-1, -11, -12, and -8 and receptor interacting serine/threonine kinase 3 (RIPK3). Loss of pyroptosis, caspase-8-driven apoptosis, or necroptosis had minor impact on Salmonella control. However, combined deficiency of these cell death pathways caused loss of bacterial control in mice and their macrophages, demonstrating that host defense can employ varying components of several cell death pathways to limit intracellular infections. This flexible use of distinct cell death pathways involved extensive cross-talk between initiators and effectors of pyroptosis and apoptosis, where initiator caspases-1 and -8 also functioned as executioners when all known effectors of cell death were absent. These findings uncover a highly coordinated and flexible cell death system with in-built fail-safe processes that protect the host from intracellular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Doerflinger
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yexuan Deng
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Paul Whitney
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ranja Salvamoser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Sven Engel
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J Kueh
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lin Tai
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Annabell Bachem
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elise Gressier
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall D Geoghegan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephen Wilcox
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kelly L Rogers
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alexandra L Garnham
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael A Dengler
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefanie M Bader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gregor Ebert
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jaclyn S Pearson
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Research, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nancy Wang
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Chenying Yang
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Milton Pereira
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA; University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Richard A Strugnell
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - James E Vince
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marc Pellegrini
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andreas Strasser
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Marco J Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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TYK2 licenses non-canonical inflammasome activation during endotoxemia. Cell Death Differ 2020; 28:748-763. [PMID: 32929218 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-020-00621-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The non-canonical inflammasome is an emerging crucial player in the development of inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. It is activated by direct sensing of cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by caspase-11 (CASP11), which then induces pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of regulated cell death. Here, we report that tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), a cytokine receptor-associated kinase, is a critical upstream regulator of CASP11. Absence of TYK2 or its kinase activity impairs the transcriptional induction of CASP11 in vitro and in vivo and protects mice from LPS-induced lethality. Lack of TYK2 or its enzymatic activity inhibits macrophage pyroptosis and impairs release of mature IL-1β and IL-18 specifically in response to intracellular LPS. Deletion of TYK2 in myeloid cells reduces LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-18 production in vivo, highlighting the importance of these cells in the inflammatory response to LPS. In support of our data generated with genetically engineered mice, pharmacological inhibition of TYK2 reduced LPS-induced upregulation of CASP11 in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and of its homolog CASP5 in human macrophages. Our study provides insights into the regulation of CASP11 in vivo and uncovered a novel link between TYK2 activity and CASP11-dependent inflammation.
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Yu W, Qin X, Zhang Y, Qiu P, Wang L, Zha W, Ren J. Curcumin suppresses doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis via a PI3K/Akt/mTOR-dependent manner. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2020; 10:752-769. [PMID: 32968631 DOI: 10.21037/cdt-19-707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most effective anti-neoplastic drugs although its clinical use is limited by the severe cardiotoxicity. Apoptosis and defective autophagy are believed to contribute to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Here we explored the effect of curcumin (Cur) on DOX-induced cardiac injury and the mechanism involved with a focus on oxidative stress, autophagy and pyroptosis. Methods Kunming mice were challenged with DOX (3 mg·kg-1, i.p. every other day) with cohorts of mice receiving Cur at 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg·kg-1 via gavage daily. Serum levels of cardiac enzymes, such as aspartate amino transferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and heart homogenate oxidative stress markers, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. Echocardiographic and cardiac contraction were examined. Apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy and Akt/mTOR-signalling proteins were detected using western blot or electron microscopy. Cardiac contractile properties were assessed including peak shortening, maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening (± dL/dt), time-to-PS, and time-to-90% relengthening (TR90). Superoxide levels were evaluated using DHE staining. GFP-LC3 was conducted to measure autophagosomes. Results Our study showed that Cur protected against cardiotoxicity manifested by a significant decrease in serum myocardial enzymes and improvement of anti-oxidative capacity. Cur inhibited autophagy and offered overt benefit for cardiomyocyte survive against DOX-induced toxicity. Cur attenuated DOX-induced cardiomyocyte pyroptosis as evidenced by NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), Caspase-1, and interleukin-18 levels. DOX impaired cardiac function (reduced fractional shortening, ejection fraction, increased plasma cTnI level and TR90, decreased PS and ± dL/dt), the effects of which were overtly reconciled by 100 mg·kg-1 but not 50 mg·kg-1 Cur. H9c2 cells exposure to DOX displayed increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy, the effects of which were nullified by Cur. Autophagy activator rapamycin cancelled off Cur-induced protective effects. Conclusions Our finding suggested that Cur rescued against DOX-induced cardiac injury probably through regulation of autophagy and pyroptosis in a mTOR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Xing Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, the Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Linge Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Department of Surgery, Clinic Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental General Medicine Education, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Salmonella enterica Infection of Murine and Human Enteroid-Derived Monolayers Elicits Differential Activation of Epithelium-Intrinsic Inflammasomes. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00017-20. [PMID: 32284374 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00017-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have determined that inflammasome signaling plays an important role in driving intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) responses to bacterial infections, such as Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. There are two primary inflammasome pathways, canonical (involving caspase-1) and noncanonical (involving caspase-4 and -5 in humans and caspase-11 in mice). Prior studies identified the canonical inflammasome as the major pathway leading to interleukin-18 (IL-18) release and restriction of S Typhimurium replication in the mouse cecum. In contrast, the human C2Bbe1 colorectal carcinoma cell line expresses little caspase-1 but instead utilizes caspase-4 to respond to S Typhimurium infection. Intestinal enteroid culture has enabled long-term propagation of untransformed IECs from multiple species, including mouse and human. Capitalizing on this technology, we used a genetic approach to directly compare the relative importance of different inflammatory caspases in untransformed mouse and human IECs and transformed human IECs upon S Typhimurium infection in vitro We show that caspase-1 is important for restricting intracellular S Typhimurium replication and initiating IL-18 secretion in mouse IECs but is dispensable in human IECs. In contrast, restriction of intracellular S Typhimurium and production of IL-18 are dependent on caspase-4 in both transformed and untransformed human IECs. Notably, cytosolic replication in untransformed cells from both species was less pronounced than in transformed human cells, suggesting that transformation may impact additional pathways that restrict S Typhimurium replication. Taken together, these data highlight the differences between mouse and human IECs and the utility of studying transformed and untransformed cells in parallel.
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50
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Bibo-Verdugo B, Snipas SJ, Kolt S, Poreba M, Salvesen GS. Extended subsite profiling of the pyroptosis effector protein gasdermin D reveals a region recognized by inflammatory caspase-11. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:11292-11302. [PMID: 32554464 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is the caspase-dependent inflammatory cell death mechanism that underpins the innate immune response against pathogens and is dysregulated in inflammatory disorders. Pyroptosis occurs via two pathways: the canonical pathway, signaled by caspase-1, and the noncanonical pathway, regulated by mouse caspase-11 and human caspase-4/5. All inflammatory caspases activate the pyroptosis effector protein gasdermin D, but caspase-1 mostly activates the inflammatory cytokine precursors prointerleukin-18 and prointerleukin-1β (pro-IL18/pro-IL1β). Here, in vitro cleavage assays with recombinant proteins confirmed that caspase-11 prefers cleaving gasdermin D over the pro-ILs. However, we found that caspase-11 recognizes protein substrates through a mechanism that is different from that of most caspases. Results of kinetics analysis with synthetic fluorogenic peptides indicated that P1'-P4', the C-terminal gasdermin D region adjacent to the cleavage site, influences gasdermin D recognition by caspase-11. Furthermore, introducing the gasdermin D P1'-P4' region into pro-IL18 enhanced catalysis by caspase-11 to levels comparable with that of gasdermin D cleavage. Pro-IL1β cleavage was only moderately enhanced by similar substitutions. We conclude that caspase-11 specificity is mediated by the P1'-P4' region in its substrate gasdermin D, and similar experiments confirmed that the substrate specificities of the human orthologs of caspase-11, i.e. caspase-4 and caspase-5, are ruled by the same mechanism. We propose that P1'-P4'-based inhibitors could be exploited to specifically target inflammatory caspases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott J Snipas
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sonia Kolt
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Poreba
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Guy S Salvesen
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
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