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Bukharina D, Cauffiel K, Killingsworth LM, Brackenridge JA, Poliukhova V, Kim M, Brower J, Bernal-Chanchavac J, Stephanopoulos N, Tsukruk VV. Click-Chemistry-Enabled Functionalization of Cellulose Nanocrystals with Single-Stranded DNA for Directed Assembly. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024. [PMID: 39259018 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) requires precise control over their surface chemistry for the directed assembly of advanced nanocomposites with tailored mechanical, thermal, and optical properties. In this work, in contrast to traditional chemistries, we conducted highly selective click-chemistry functionalization of cellulose nanocrystals with complementary DNA strands via a three-step hybridization-guided process. By grafting terminally functionalized oligonucleotides through copper-free click chemistry, we successfully facilitated the assembly of brushlike DNA-modified CNCs into bundled nanostructures with distinct chiral optical dichroism in thin films. The complexation behavior of grafted DNA chains during the evaporation-driven formation of ultrathin films demonstrates the potential for mediating chiral interactions between the DNA-branched nanocrystals and their assembly into chiral bundles. Furthermore, we discuss the future directions and challenges that include new avenues for the development of functional, responsive, and bioderived nanostructures capable of dynamic reconfiguration via selective complexation, further surface modification strategies, mitigating diverse CNC aggregation, and exploring environmental conditions for the CNC-DNA assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Bukharina
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Katherine Cauffiel
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Laura Mae Killingsworth
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Justin A Brackenridge
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Valeriia Poliukhova
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Minkyu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea
| | - Justin Brower
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85251, United States
| | - Julio Bernal-Chanchavac
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85251, United States
| | - Nicholas Stephanopoulos
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
- Biodesign Center for Molecular Design and Biomimetics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85251, United States
| | - Vladimir V Tsukruk
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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Knapp TV, Hasan MR, Niebuur BJ, Widmer-Cooper A, Kraus T. Stabilization of Apolar Nanoparticle Dispersions by Molecular Additives. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:13527-13537. [PMID: 38889250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
We study the effect of additives on the colloidal stability of alkanethiol-coated gold nanoparticles. Cyclic amines and sulfides of different sizes were added to dispersions in decane at additive concentrations below 128 mM. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) indicated that tetrahydrothiophene reduced the agglomeration temperature, Tagglo, by up to 29 °C, a considerable increase in colloidal stability. Amines had a much weaker stabilizing effect of up to 2.5 °C. We found an unexpected maximum of stabilization for low additive concentrations, where Tagglo increased at concentrations above 64 mM. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to correlate these observations with the ligand shell structure. They excluded the physisorption of additives as a stabilization mechanism and suggested that sulfides replace hexadecanethiol on the AuNP surfaces by chemisorption. This hinders ligand ordering, thereby reducing Tagglo, which explains the stabilizing effect. Clustering of chemisorbed additive molecules at high concentration restabilized the ligand ordered state, explaining the detrimental effect of higher additive concentrations. The predictions of the simulations were confirmed by using thermogravimetric analyses and SAXS measurements of washed samples that indicated that the structure of the ligand shell itself, not the presence of physisorbed additives, changes Tagglo. Finally, we calculated potentials of mean force, which show that larger sulfide-based additives have a weaker affinity for the gold surface than smaller ones due to stronger steric hindrance. This explains why smaller cyclic sulfides were the most efficient stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Rashedul Hasan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bart-Jan Niebuur
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Asaph Widmer-Cooper
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Exciton Science, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Tobias Kraus
- INM - Leibniz Institute for New Materials, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Saarland University, Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Campus D2 2, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Mazumder K, Voit B, Banerjee S. Recent Progress in Sulfur-Containing High Refractive Index Polymers for Optical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:6253-6279. [PMID: 38371831 PMCID: PMC10870412 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
The development in the field of high refractive index materials is a crucial factor for the advancement of optical devices with advanced features such as image sensors, optical data storage, antireflective coatings, light-emitting diodes, and nanoimprinting. Sulfur plays an important role in high refractive index applications owing to its high molar refraction compared to carbon. Sulfur exists in multiple oxidation states and can exhibit various stable functional groups. Over the last few decades, sulfur-containing polymers have attracted much attention owing to their wide array of applications governed by the functional group of sulfur present in the polymer repeat unit. The interplay of refractive index and various other polymer properties contributes to successfully implementing a specific polymer material in optical applications. The focus on developing optoelectronic devices induced an ever-increasing need to integrate different functional materials to achieve the devices' full potential. Several devices that see the potential use of sulfur in high refractive index materials are reviewed in the study. Like sulfur, selenium also exhibits high molar refraction and unique chemical properties, making it an essential field of study. This review covers the research and development in the field of sulfur and selenium in different forms of functionality, focusing on the chemistry of bonding and the optical properties of the polymers containing the heteroatoms mentioned above. The strategy and rationale behind incorporating heteroatoms in a polymer matrix to produce high-refractive-index materials are also described in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
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Khatun N, Sridurai V, Nair GG. Towards complete photonic band gap in a high refractive index nanoparticle-doped blue phase liquid crystal. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:17808-17817. [PMID: 37661760 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03366j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with complete photonic band gap (PBG) are fascinating due to the possibility of controlling light in all directions. Realizing such photonic crystals is nontrivial due to symmetry requirements and associated fabrication challenges. Liquid crystalline cubic blue phases (BPs) are soft 3D photonic crystals with an incomplete PBG due to the low refractive index contrast (<0.1). The present work attempts to drive a cubic BP towards a complete PBG via a simple approach of high refractive index nanoparticle-doping. The photonic band diagrams and reflection spectra of the nanoparticle-doped BP simulated using the finite element method show an increased PBG width, a parameter that quantifies the complete PBG. The reflection spectra obtained from UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy show an increase (by a factor of >2) in PBG width for the nanoparticle-doped BP, validating the simulations. The findings are explained based on increased refractive index contrast (∼1.4) due to the nanoparticles getting trapped in the cores of disclination lines that make up the BP lattice. The simulations also indicate effective confinement of electric field eigenmodes in the nanoparticle-doped BP leading to high attenuation of the incident light. Further, the iso-frequency contours extracted from the band diagrams exhibit self-collimation and negative refraction of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurjahan Khatun
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Vimala Sridurai
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
| | - Geetha G Nair
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Bangalore 562162, India.
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Mazumder K, Bittrich E, Voit B, Banerjee S. Sulfur-Rich Polyimide/TiO 2 Hybrid Materials with a Tunable Refractive Index. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:43236-43242. [PMID: 38024668 PMCID: PMC10653067 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
High refractive index (RI) polyimide/titania nanoparticle hybrid materials were synthesized and characterized in this study. The polyimide synthesis took place via the conventional polycondensation process following the preparation of poly(amic acid), and the nanoparticles were incorporated using an in situ sol-gel process. Thin films of the polyimide/titania nanoparticle hybrids were prepared by optimizing the coating conditions using a spin coater. Thermal imidization of the nanoparticle containing poly(amic acid) films on Si wafers was completed in a temperature-controlled drying oven under a N2 atmosphere. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed the successful formation of inorganic bonds as well as imide linkages, and transmission electron microscopy results show well-dispersed nanocrystalline TiO2 nanoparticles of around 5 nm in the polymer matrix. Thorough optimization of the reaction time and concentration of TiO2 precursors enabled to achieve a titania content as high as 30% (wt). The RI of the resultant hybrid materials was found to be tunable according to the titania content, while the RI increased linearly with increasing titania content. A homogeneous hybrid material with a very high RI of 1.84 at 589 nm was achieved in this work for 30% (wt) TiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kajari Mazumder
- Materials
Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur − 721302, India
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Eva Bittrich
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Brigitte Voit
- Leibniz-Institut
für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Strasse 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Chair
Organic Chemistry of Polymers, Technische
Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Susanta Banerjee
- Materials
Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology
Kharagpur, Kharagpur − 721302, India
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Watanabe S, Nishio H, Oyaizu K. Facile synthesis of telechelic poly(phenylene sulfide)s by means of electron-deficient aromatic sulfonium electrophiles. RSC Adv 2023; 13:32363-32370. [PMID: 37928850 PMCID: PMC10623243 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06262g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the facile synthesis of telechelic poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) derivatives bearing functional groups at both termini. α,ω-Dihalogenated dimethyl-substituted PPS were obtained in high yield with a high degree of end-functionalization by using soluble poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylenesulfide) (PMPS) and 4,4'-dihalogenated diphenyl disulfide (X-DPS, X = Cl, Br) as a precursor and an end-capping agent, respectively. Further end-functionalization is achieved through cross-coupling reactions; particularly, the Kumada-Tamao cross-coupling reaction of bromo-terminated telechelic PMPS and a vinylated Grignard reagent afforded end-vinylated PMPS with thermosetting properties. This synthetic approach can be applied to the preparation of various aromatic telechelic polymers with the desired structures and functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Hiromichi Nishio
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
| | - Kenichi Oyaizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University Tokyo 169-8555 Japan
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Li X, Jia C, Wang C, Ma L, Liu L. A novel theoretical method to determine the effective optical properties of high refractive index nanocomposites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25689-25700. [PMID: 37721446 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02360e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
The continuous development of advanced optical devices towards high performance, miniaturization and integration has led to an increasing demand for high refractive index optical materials. Nanocomposites - made from high refractive index inorganic nanoparticles and good processability polymers - combine the advantages of both materials to create a synergistic effect. However, the diversity and complexity of the composites make laboratory preparation less efficient. Therefore, to prepare composites that meet the refractive index requirements, it is essential to predict the effective optical properties at different wavelengths. This study proposes a finite element parametric retrieval (FEPR) method to calculate the effective complex refractive index of nanocomposites (meff). The effects of the ratio of film thickness to particle diameter, particle arrangement, particle volume fraction (fv) and particle diameter (d) on meff are considered. The results demonstrate that changing the spatial arrangement, volume fraction and diameter of the particles can cause changes in the scattering effect of particles or the interaction between the electromagnetic waves and the particles, resulting in changes in the meff. Compared with effective medium theory (EMT), the FEPR method can be used to characterise the meff values in complex cases through finite element parametric modelling. The FEPR method is an efficient and accurate method for predicting the effective optical properties of nanocomposites, and can also be applied to the design and development of materials to discover the factors influencing the properties and variation patterns from large amounts of data, and to obtain predictive models that can guide the design of new materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Li
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Chengwei Jia
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Chengchao Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lanxin Ma
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Linhua Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, China.
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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Arumugam C, Velu N, Radhakrishnan P, Roy VAL, Anantha-Iyengar G, Lee DE, Kannan V. Studies on the Functional Properties of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Distributed in Silyl-Alkyl Bridged Polyaniline-Based Nanofluids. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2332. [PMID: 37630918 PMCID: PMC10459259 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, a new kind of nanocomposite (NC)-based solid component was prepared for formulating nanofluids (NFs). The NC comprised metal oxide (titanium dioxide, TiO2) dispersed in a conducting polymer with polyaniline (PANI) and chemically linked silyl-alkyl units in it (PSA) that were designated as T-PSA NC. The NFs with ethylene glycol (EG) as a base fluid were prepared with T-PSA NCs with various compositions of TiO2 and PSA as well for various concentrations of T-PSA NCs. The scanning electron microscopic evaluation of the NC revealed that PSA deposition on TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) decreased particle agglomeration. The PSA coating on the TiO2 NPs did not influence the crystalline structure of the TiO2 NPs, according to the X-ray diffraction patterns. The thermophysical characterization and molecular interaction features of the NFs at 303 K including a novel inorganic-organic T-PSA NC, were detailed. Furthermore, the stability of the T-PSA NC-based NFs was investigated experimentally using the zeta potential, and the particle size distribution change was analyzed using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. The T-PSA NCs had particle sizes that were significantly bigger than pristine PSA and pure TiO2. Most of the preparation conditions used to produce the T-PSA NCs resulted in moderately stable suspensions in EG. The results revealed that the ultrasonic velocity increased with the increase in the concentration of T-PSA NC mass % in the NFs, the refractive index and thermal conductivity increased with the increase in the concentration, and the surface tension exhibited a linear change when the ratio of mass % concentration of the T-PSA NCs increased. The combined presence of components that synergistically contribute to the electro, thermal, optical, and rheological properties is expected to attract advanced applications for NFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandravadhana Arumugam
- Department of Physics, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, India; (C.A.); (N.V.); (P.R.)
- Department of Physics, S.A. Engineering College), Chennai 600077, India
| | - Nandakumar Velu
- Department of Physics, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, India; (C.A.); (N.V.); (P.R.)
- Department of Physics, Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysuru 570005, India
| | - Padmanaban Radhakrishnan
- Department of Physics, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, India; (C.A.); (N.V.); (P.R.)
| | - Vellaisamy A. L. Roy
- School of Science and Technology, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Gopalan Anantha-Iyengar
- Intelligent Construction Automation Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Intelligent Construction Automation Center, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea;
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environment and Energy, Kyungpook National University, 1370, Sangyeok-dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702701, Republic of Korea
| | - Venkatramanan Kannan
- Department of Physics, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, India; (C.A.); (N.V.); (P.R.)
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Wenzel B, Schmid M, Teodoro R, Moldovan RP, Lai TH, Mitrach F, Kopka K, Fischer B, Schulz-Siegmund M, Brust P, Hacker MC. Radiofluorination of an Anionic, Azide-Functionalized Teroligomer by Copper-Catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:2095. [PMID: 37513105 PMCID: PMC10385230 DOI: 10.3390/nano13142095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the synthesis, radiofluorination and purification of an anionic amphiphilic teroligomer developed as a stabilizer for siRNA-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-NPs). As the stabilizing amphiphile accumulates on nanoparticle surfaces, the fluorine-18-labeled polymer should enable to track the distribution of the CaP-NPs in brain tumors by positron emission tomography after application by convection-enhanced delivery. At first, an unmodified teroligomer was synthesized with a number average molecular weight of 4550 ± 20 Da by free radical polymerization of a defined composition of methoxy-PEG-monomethacrylate, tetradecyl acrylate and maleic anhydride. Subsequent derivatization of anhydrides with azido-TEG-amine provided an azido-functionalized polymer precursor (o14PEGMA-N3) for radiofluorination. The 18F-labeling was accomplished through the copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of o14PEGMA-N3 with diethylene glycol-alkyne-substituted heteroaromatic prosthetic group [18F]2, which was synthesized with a radiochemical yield (RCY) of about 38% within 60 min using a radiosynthesis module. The 18F-labeled polymer [18F]fluoro-o14PEGMA was obtained after a short reaction time of 2-3 min by using CuSO4/sodium ascorbate at 90 °C. Purification was performed by solid-phase extraction on an anion-exchange cartridge followed by size-exclusion chromatography to obtain [18F]fluoro-o14PEGMA with a high radiochemical purity and an RCY of about 15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wenzel
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schmid
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rareş-Petru Moldovan
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thu Hang Lai
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Franziska Mitrach
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, School of Science, Technical University Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Fischer
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Peter Brust
- Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University, 04317 Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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Park JY, Jang JW, Shen X, Jang JH, Kwak SL, Choi H, Lee BR, Hwang DH. Fluorene- and arylamine-based photo-crosslinkable hole transporting polymer for solution-processed perovskite and organic light-emitting diodes. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Variation in the Optical Properties of PEO-Based Composites via a Green Metal Complex: Macroscopic Measurements to Explain Microscopic Quantum Transport from the Valence Band to the Conduction Band. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030771. [PMID: 36772071 PMCID: PMC9920557 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a green chemistry method was used to synthesize polymer composites based on polyethylene oxide (PEO). The method of the remediation of metal complexes used in this study is an environmentally friendly procedure with a low cost. Zinc metal ion (Zn2+)-polyphenol (PPHNL) complexes were synthesized for two minutes via the combination of a black tea leaf (BTL) extract solution with dissolved Zn-acetate. Then, UV-Vis and FTIR were carried out for the Zn-PPHNL complexes in a liquid and solid. The FTIR spectra show that BTLs contain sufficient functional groups (O-H, C-H, C=O, C=C, C-O, C-N, and N-H), PPHNL, and conjugated double bonds to produce metal complexes by capturing the cations of Zn-acetate salt. Moreover, FTIR of the BTL and Zn-PPHNL complexes approves the formation of the Zn-PPHNL complex over the wide variation in the intensity of bands. The UV absorption spectra of BTL and Zn-PPHNL indicate complex formation among tea PPHNL and Zn cations, which enhances the absorption spectra of the Zn-PPHNL to 0.1 compared to the figure of 0.01 associated with the extracted tea solution. According to an XRD analysis, an amorphous Zn-PPHNL complex was created when Zn2+ ions and PPHNL interacted. Additionally, XRD shows that the structure of the PEO composite becomes a more amorphous structure as the concentration of Zn-PPHNL increases. Furthermore, morphological study via an optical microscope (OM) shows that by increasing the concentration of Zn-PPHNL in a PEO polymer composite the size of the spherulites ascribed to the crystalline phase dramatically decreases. The optical properties of PEO: Zn-PPHNL films, via UV-Vis spectroscopy, were rigorously studied. The Eg is calculated by examining the dielectric loss, which is reduced from 5.5 eV to 0.6 eV by increasing the concentration of Zn-PPHNL in the PEO samples. In addition, Tauc's form was used to specify the category of electronic transitions in the PEO: Zn-PPHNL films. The impact of crystalline structure and morphology on electronic transition types was discussed. Macroscopic measurable parameters, such as the refractive index and extinction coefficient, were used to determine optical dielectric loss. Fundamental optical dielectric functions were used to determine some key parameters. From the viewpoint of quantum transport, electron transitions were discussed. The merit of this work is that microscopic processes related to electron transition from the VB to the CB can be interpreted interms of measurable macroscopic quantities.
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12
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Ferrara V, Marchetti M, Alfieri D, Targetti L, Scopelliti M, Pignataro B, Pavone F, Vetri V, Sancataldo G. Blue Light Activated Photodegradation of Biomacromolecules by N-doped Titanium Dioxide in a Chitosan Hydrogel Matrix. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Optical, electrical and chemical properties of PEO:I2 complex composite films. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSynthesized PEO:I2 complex composite films with different I2 concentrations were deposited onto fused silica substrates using a dip-coating method. Incorporation of PEO films with I2 increases the electrical conductivity of the composite, reaching a maximum of 46 mS/cm for 7 wt% I2. The optical and optoelectronic properties of the complex composite films were studied using the transmittance and reflectance spectra in the UV-Vis region. The transmittance of PEO decreases with increasing I2 content. From this study, the optical bandgap energy decreases from 4.42 to 3.28 eV as I2 content increases from 0 to 7 wt%. In addition, the refractive index for PEO films are in the range of 1.66 and 2.00.1H NMR spectra of pure PEO film shows two major peaks at 3.224 ppm and 1.038 ppm, with different widths assigned to the mobile polymer chains in the amorphous phase, whereas the broad component is assigned to the more rigid molecules in the crystalline phase, respectively. By adding I2 to the PEO, both peaks (amorphous and crystal) are shifted to lower NMR frequencies indicating that I2 is acting as a Lewis acid, and PEO is acting as Lewis base. Hence, molecular iodine reacts favorably with PEO molecules through a charge transfer mechanism, and the formation of triiodide ($${\mathrm{I}}_{3}^{-}$$
I
3
-
), the iodite ($${\mathrm{IO}}_{2}^{-}$$
IO
2
-
) anion, $${\mathrm{I}}_{2} \cdot \cdot \cdot \mathrm{ PEO}$$
I
2
·
·
·
PEO
and $${\mathrm{I}}_{2}^{+} \cdot \cdot \cdot \mathrm{ PEO}$$
I
2
+
·
·
·
PEO
complexes. PEO:I2 complex composite films are expected to be suitable for optical, electrical, and optoelectronic applications.
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14
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Theoretical study of electronic, magnetic, optical and thermoelectric properties of XMnO2 (X=Au, Ag, Cu) oxides by DFT. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.123432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Hanumaiah Anupama B, AL‐Gunaid MQA, Shivanna Shasikala B, Theranya Ereppa S, Kavya R, Hatna Siddaramaiah B, Sangameshwara Madhukar B. Poly (o‐anisidine) Encapsulated K
2
ZrO
3
Nano‐core based Gelatin Nano Composites: Investigations of Optical, Thermal, Microcrystalline and Morphological Characteristics. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202201621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bommalapura Hanumaiah Anupama
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering JSS Science and Technology University Mysuru 570006 India
| | | | - Badaga Shivanna Shasikala
- Department of Physics, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering JSS Science & Technology University Mysuru 570006 India
| | | | - Rajanna Kavya
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering JSS Science and Technology University Mysuru 570006 India
| | - Basavarajaiah Hatna Siddaramaiah
- Department of Polymer science and Technology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering JSS Science & Technology University Mysuru 570006 India
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16
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Zhao Y, Wang Z, Yu C, Wu H, Olszewski M, Yin R, Zhai Y, Liu T, Coronado A, Matyjaszewski K, Bockstaller MR. Topologically Induced Heterogeneity in Gradient Copolymer Brush Particle Materials. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Zhao
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Zongyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Chenxi Yu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Hanshu Wu
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Rongguan Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Yue Zhai
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Amy Coronado
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Michael R. Bockstaller
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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17
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Cao C, Qiu Y, Guan L, Wei Z, Yang Z, Zhan L, Zhu D, Ding C, Shen X, Xia X, Kuang C, Liu X. Dip-In Photoresist for Photoinhibited Two-Photon Lithography to Realize High-Precision Direct Laser Writing on Wafer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:31332-31342. [PMID: 35786857 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For decades, photoinhibited two-photon lithography (PI-TPL) has been continually developed and applied into versatile nanofabrication. However, ultrahigh precision fabrication on wafer by PI-TPL remains challenging, due to the lack of a refractive index (n) matched photoresist (Rim-P) with effective photoinhibition capacity for dip-in mode. In this paper, various Rim-P are developed and then screened for their applications in PI-TPL. In addition, different lithography methods (in terms of oil-mode and dip-in mode) are analyzed by use of optical simulations combined with experiments. Remarkably, one type of Rim-P (n = 1.518) shows effective photoinhibition capacity, which represents an outstanding breakthrough in the field of PI-TPL. In contrast to photoresist with an unsuitable refractive index, optical aberrations are almost completely eliminated in the dip-in mode by using the Rim-P. Consequently, features with a minimum critical dimension as small as 39 nm are successfully achieved on wafer by dip-in PI-TPL, which paves the way for subdiffraction silicon-based chip manufacturing by PI-TPL. Moreover, through a combination of the Rim-P and dip-in mode, the ability to achieve tall and high-precision three-dimensional nanostructures is no longer problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Cao
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Yiwei Qiu
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lingling Guan
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Zhenyao Yang
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Lanxin Zhan
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Dazhao Zhu
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Chenliang Ding
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xiaoming Shen
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Xianmeng Xia
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
| | - Cuifang Kuang
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Research Center for Intelligent Chips and Devices, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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18
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Tountas M, Soultati A, Armadorou KK, Ladomenou K, Landrou G, Verykios A, Skoulikidou MC, Panagiotakis S, Fillipatos PP, Yannakopoulou K, Chroneos A, Palilis LC, Yusoff ARBM, Coutsolelos AG, Argitis P, Vasilopoulou M. Core–shell carbon-polymer quantum dot passivation for near infrared perovskite light emitting diodes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS: PHOTONICS 2022; 4:034007. [DOI: 10.1088/2515-7647/ac79e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
High-performance perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) require a high quality perovskite emitter and appropriate charge transport layers to facilitate charge injection and transport within the device. Solution-processed n-type metal oxides represent a judicious choice for the electron transport layer (ETL); however, they do not always present surface properties and energetics compatible with the perovskite emitter. Moreover, the emitter itself exhibits poor nanomorphology and defect traps that compromise the device performance. Here, we modulate the surface properties and interface energetics between the tin oxide (SnO2) ETL with the perovskite emitter by using an amino functionalized difluoro{2-[1-(3,5-dimethyl-2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene-N)ethyl]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrolato-N}boron compound and passivate the defects present in the perovskite matrix with carbon-polymer core–shell quantum dots inserted into the perovskite precursor. Both these approaches synergistically improve the perovskite layer nanomorphology and enhance the radiative recombination. These properties resulted in the fabrication of near-infrared PeLEDs based on formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) with a high radiance of 92 W sr−1 m−2, an external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14%, reduced efficiency roll-off and prolonged lifetime. In particular, the modified device retained 80% of the initial EQE (T80) for 33 h compared to 6 h of the reference cell.
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19
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Jhalaria M, Jimenez AM, Mathur R, Tekell MC, Huang Y, Narayanan S, Benicewicz BC, Kumar SK. Long-Term Aging in Miscible Polymer Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Jhalaria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Andrew M. Jimenez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Reha Mathur
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Marshall C. Tekell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yucheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Brian C. Benicewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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20
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Yang H, Jacucci G, Schertel L, Vignolini S. Cellulose-Based Scattering Enhancers for Light Management Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:7373-7379. [PMID: 35475342 PMCID: PMC9134489 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To manipulate the light-matter interaction effectively, we often rely on high refractive index inorganic nanoparticles. Such materials are contained essentially in everything that looks colorful or white: from paints to coatings but also in processed food, toothpaste, and cosmetic products. As these nanoparticles can accumulate in the human body and environment, there is a strong need to replace them with more biocompatible counterparts. In this work, we introduce various types of cellulose-based microparticles (CMPs) of four sizes with optimized dimensions for efficient light scattering that can replace traditional inorganic particles. We demonstrate that the produced materials can be exploited as highly efficient scattering enhancers, with designed optical performance. Finally, exploiting these cellulose colloids, we fabricated scattering materials and high transmittance/haze films with record performances with respect to the state-of-the-art values. The renewable and biocompatible nature of our systems, combined with their excellent optical properties, allows for the use of our cellulose-based particles in paints, LEDs, and solar cell devices and especially in applications where the biocompatibility of the component is essential, such as in food and pharmaceutical coatings.
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21
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Pokratath R, Van den Eynden D, Cooper SR, Mathiesen JK, Waser V, Devereux M, Billinge SJL, Meuwly M, Jensen KMØ, De Roo J. Mechanistic Insight into the Precursor Chemistry of ZrO 2 and HfO 2 Nanocrystals; towards Size-Tunable Syntheses. JACS AU 2022; 2:827-838. [PMID: 35557760 PMCID: PMC9088301 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
One can nowadays readily generate monodisperse colloidal nanocrystals, but a retrosynthetic analysis is still not possible since the underlying chemistry is often poorly understood. Here, we provide insight into the reaction mechanism of colloidal zirconia and hafnia nanocrystals synthesized from metal chloride and metal isopropoxide. We identify the active precursor species in the reaction mixture through a combination of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. We gain insight into the interaction of the surfactant, tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO), and the different precursors. Interestingly, we identify a peculiar X-type ligand redistribution mechanism that can be steered by the relative amount of Lewis base (L-type). We further monitor how the reaction mixture decomposes using solution NMR and gas chromatography, and we find that ZrCl4 is formed as a by-product of the reaction, limiting the reaction yield. The reaction proceeds via two competing mechanisms: E1 elimination (dominating) and SN1 substitution (minor). Using this new mechanistic insight, we adapted the synthesis to optimize the yield and gain control over nanocrystal size. These insights will allow the rational design and synthesis of complex oxide nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Pokratath
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24, BPR 1096, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Dietger Van den Eynden
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24, BPR 1096, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Susan Rudd Cooper
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Jette Katja Mathiesen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Valérie Waser
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24, BPR 1096, Basel 4058, Switzerland
| | - Mike Devereux
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Simon J. L. Billinge
- Applied
Physics and Applied Mathematics Department, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
- Condensed
Matter Physics and Material Science Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Markus Meuwly
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 80, Basel 4056, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Jonathan De Roo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24, BPR 1096, Basel 4058, Switzerland
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22
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Ahmed KK, Hussen SA, Aziz SB. Transferring the Wide Band Gap Chitosan: POZ-based Polymer Blends to Small Optical Energy Band Gap Polymer Composites through the Inclusion of Green Synthesized Zn2+-PPL Metal Complex. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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23
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Abo-Lila GM, Sokkar TZN, Seisa EA, Omar EZ. Investigation of the opto-thermo-mechanical properties of antimicrobial PET/TiO 2 fiber using the transport of intensity equation technique. APPLIED PHYSICS. B, LASERS AND OPTICS 2022; 128:15. [PMID: 35013651 PMCID: PMC8732971 DOI: 10.1007/s00340-021-07745-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The transport of intensity equation (TIE) technique is used to investigate the effect of stretching and annealing conditions on the optical features and antimicrobial activity of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers treated with TiO2 nanoparticles. The main core of this paper gets the most preferable optical and mechanical properties for PET/TiO2 fiber which maintains its antibacterial activity. The variation of the refractive index of untreated PET/TiO2 fiber along its axis is studied. The computed tomography technique is used to investigate the morphology of the tested fiber and the distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles inside the fiber. The effect of stretching on the refractive index and the density of TiO2 nanoparticles of drawn PET/TiO2 fibers are carried out. The antimicrobial activity of the PET/TiO2 fibers are evaluated before and after stretching. The PET/TiO2 fibers are annealed at different temperatures and durations. The influence of annealing on the variation of the refractive index of PET/TiO2 fiber along its axis and the distribution of TiO2 is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. M. Abo-Lila
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - T. Z. N. Sokkar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - E. A. Seisa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - E. Z. Omar
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
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24
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Nagao M, Hayashi T, Imoto H, Naka K. Unsymmetric Dumbbell-Shaped Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Compound as a Single-Component POSS Hybrid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:14777-14784. [PMID: 34882423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dumbbell-shaped polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivatives, in which two POSS units are linked through a bridge, have attracted attention in the last decade. Here, we prepared an unsymmetric dumbbell-shaped POSS derivative (3Ph-iBu) in which isobutyl- and phenyl-substituted POSS units are linked by a disiloxane unit and compared its thermal properties with those of the corresponding symmetric isobutyl- and phenyl-substituted dumbbell-shaped POSS derivatives (3iBu-iBu and 3Ph-Ph, respectively). The symmetric isobutyl- and phenyl-substituted dumbbell-shaped POSS derivatives, 3iBu-iBu and 3Ph-Ph, were almost completely phase-separated during a mixing process. This phase separation is due to the limited solubility of phenyl-substituted POSS compounds, which are only soluble in tetrahydrofuran (THF) and insoluble in hydrocarbons such as n-hexane and toluene, while the isobutyl-substituted POSS derivatives exhibit a wider spectrum of soluble solvents. The unsymmetric dumbbell-shaped POSS, 3Ph-iBu, showed hybrid properties of solubility in solvents and thermal behaviors. Differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis showed that enthalpy of the phase transition of 3Ph-iBu was significantly lower than those of the mixture of 3iBu-iBu and 3Ph-Ph. No apparent melting behavior was observed above the phase transition. The thermal degradation of the weakest isobutyl substituents improves in the present single-component hybrid structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Nagao
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Taihei Hayashi
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Materials Innovation Lab, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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25
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Oh BM, Jeong Y, Zheng J, Cho NY, Song M, Choi JW, Kim JH. Simple one-pot synthesis and high-resolution patterning of perovskite quantum dots using a photocurable ligand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12824-12827. [PMID: 34786577 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05892d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we report a UV-light-curable azide ligand (AzL) for the micro-patterning of PeQDs. AzL can be attached to the surface of the PeQDs during their synthesis without additional ligand exchange. Using the AzL-grafted CsPbBr3 PeQDs, high-color-purity 240 × 240 μm2 square-shaped patterns were successfully fabricated using UV light irradiation, which corresponds to a resolution of >50 pixels per inch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong M Oh
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yongcheol Jeong
- Department of Energy & Electronic Materials, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwon-daero, Sungsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jian Zheng
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, 524048, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Young Cho
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myungkwan Song
- Department of Energy & Electronic Materials, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwon-daero, Sungsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Woo Choi
- Department of Energy & Electronic Materials, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwon-daero, Sungsan-Gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51508, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong H Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Yasir M, Sai T, Sicher A, Scheffold F, Steiner U, Wilts BD, Dufresne ER. Enhancing the Refractive Index of Polymers with a Plant-Based Pigment. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103061. [PMID: 34558188 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymers are essential components of many nanostructured materials. However, the refractive indices of common polymers fall in a relatively narrow range between 1.4 and 1.6. Here, it is demonstrated that loading commercially-available polymers with large concentrations of a plant-based pigment can effectively enhance their refractive index. For polystyrene (PS) loaded with 67 w/w% β-carotene (BC), a peak value of 2.2 near the absorption edge at 531 nm is achieved, while maintaining values above 1.75 across longer wavelengths of the visible spectrum. Despite high pigment loadings, this blend maintains the thermoforming ability of PS, and BC remains molecularly dispersed. Similar results are demonstrated for the plant-derived polymer ethyl cellulose (EC). Since the refractive index enhancement is intimately connected to the introduction of strong absorption, it is best suited to applications where light travels short distances through the material, such as reflectors and nanophotonic systems. Enhanced reflectance from films is experimentally demonstrated, as large as sevenfold for EC at selected wavelengths. Theoretical calculations highlight that this simple strategy can significantly increase light scattering by nanoparticles and enhance the performance of Bragg reflectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yasir
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Tianqi Sai
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alba Sicher
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Scheffold
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ullrich Steiner
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Bodo D Wilts
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Eric R Dufresne
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
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27
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Abdalkarim KA, Aziz SB, Abdulwahid RT, Alshehri SM, Ahamad T, Hadi JM, Hussein SA. Synthesis of Hg metal complex and its application to reduce the optical band gap of polymer. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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28
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Xu FR, Shi R, Jia XM, Chai SC, Li HL, Qian HJ, Lu ZY. Block-copolymer-like self-assembly behavior of mobile-ligand grafted ultra-small nanoparticles. SOFT MATTER 2021; 17:5897-5906. [PMID: 34037067 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00393c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to study the self-assembly behavior of polyoxometalate (POM) nanoparticles (NPs) decorated with mobile polymer ligands under melt conditions. We demonstrate that due to the mobile nature of the grafted ligands on the NP surface, NPs have the ability to expose a part of their surfaces, leading to a block-copolymer-like self-assembly behavior. The exposed NP surface serves as one block and the grafted ligand polymers as another. This system has a strong ability to self-assemble into long-range ordered structures such as block copolymers due to large incompatibility between POM and ligand polymers, i.e., POM NPs can form lamellar, cylindrical, and spherical structures, which are consistent with previous experimental results. More importantly, these ordered structures are on the sub-10 nm scale, which is an important requirement for many applications. At low graft density, we find a new inverse-cylindrical structure formation where polymers form cylinders and POMs form a continuous network structure. A full self-assembly phase diagram is constructed which illustrates rules to manipulate the self-assembly structures of NPs decorated with mobile polymer ligands. We hope that these computational results will be useful for the new design of nanostructures with improved optical or electronic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Rui Xu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China. and State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China. and State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiang-Meng Jia
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China. and State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Sheng-Chao Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao-Long Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hu-Jun Qian
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China. and State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Lu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China. and State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Cazan C, Enesca A, Andronic L. Synergic Effect of TiO 2 Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13122017. [PMID: 34203085 PMCID: PMC8234789 DOI: 10.3390/polym13122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposites with polymer matrix offer excellent opportunities to explore new functionalities beyond those of conventional materials. TiO2, as a reinforcement agent in polymeric nanocomposites, is a viable strategy that significantly enhanced their mechanical properties. The size of the filler plays an essential role in determining the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite. A defining feature of polymer nanocomposites is that the small size of the fillers leads to an increase in the interfacial area compared to traditional composites. The interfacial area generates a significant volume fraction of interfacial polymer, with properties different from the bulk polymer even at low loadings of the nanofiller. This review aims to provide specific guidelines on the correlations between the structures of TiO2 nanocomposites with polymeric matrix and their mechanical properties. The correlations will be established and explained based on interfaces realized between the polymer matrix and inorganic filler. The paper focuses on the influence of the composition parameters (type of polymeric matrix, TiO2 filler with surface modified/unmodified, additives) and technological parameters (processing methods, temperature, time, pressure) on the mechanical strength of TiO2 nanocomposites with the polymeric matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cazan
- Renewable Energy Systems and Recycling Research Center, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Alexandru Enesca
- Product Design, Mechatronics and Environment Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania; (A.E.); (L.A.)
| | - Luminita Andronic
- Product Design, Mechatronics and Environment Department, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania; (A.E.); (L.A.)
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Synthesis of Optically Tunable and Thermally Stable PMMA-PVA/CuO NPs Hybrid Nanocomposite Thin Films. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111715. [PMID: 34073877 PMCID: PMC8197247 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis and comprehensive characterization of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA)/polyvinylalcohol (PVA) polymeric blend doped with different concentrations of Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles (NPs). The PMMA-PVA/CuO nanocomposite hybrid thin films containing wt.% = 0%, 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16% of CuO NPs are deposited on glass substrates via dip-coating technique. Key optical parameters are measured, analyzed, and interpreted. Tauc, Urbach, Spitzer-Fan, and Drude models are employed to calculate the optical bandgap energy (Eg) and the optoelectronic parameters of PMMA-PVA/CuO nanocomposites. The refractive index and Eg of undoped PMMA-PVA are found to be (1.5-1.85) and 4.101 eV, respectively. Incorporation of specific concentrations of CuO NPs into PMMA-PVA blend leads to a considerable decrease in Eg and to an increase of the refractive index. Moreover, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) transmittance spectra are measured and analyzed for undoped and doped polymeric thin films to pinpoint the major vibrational modes in the spectral range (500 and 4000 cm-1) as well as to elucidate the nature of chemical network bonding. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is conducted under appropriate conditions to ensure the thermal stability of thin films. Doped polymeric thin films are found to be thermally stable below 105 °C. Therefore, controlled tuning of optoelectronic and thermal properties of doped polymeric thin films by introducing an appropriate concentration of inorganic fillers leads to a smart design of scaled multifunctional devices.
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Nofal MM, Aziz SB, Hadi JM, Karim WO, Dannoun EMA, Hussein AM, Hussen SA. Polymer Composites with 0.98 Transparencies and Small Optical Energy Band Gap Using a Promising Green Methodology: Structural and Optical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1648. [PMID: 34069445 PMCID: PMC8159149 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a green approach was implemented to prepare polymer composites using polyvinyl alcohol polymer and the extract of black tea leaves (polyphenols) in a complex form with Co2+ ions. A range of techniques was used to characterize the Co2+ complex and polymer composite, such as Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Visible) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The optical parameters of absorption edge, refractive index (n), dielectric properties including real and imaginary parts (εr, and εi) were also investigated. The FRIR and XRD spectra were used to examine the compatibility between the PVA polymer and Co2+-polyphenol complex. The extent of interaction was evidenced from the shifts and change in the intensity of the peaks. The relatively wide amorphous phase in PVA polymer increased upon insertion of the Co2+-polyphenol complex. The amorphous character of the Co2+ complex was emphasized with the appearance of a hump in the XRD pattern. From UV-Visible spectroscopy, the optical properties, such as absorption edge, refractive index (n), (εr), (εi), and bandgap energy (Eg) of parent PVA and composite films were specified. The Eg of PVA was lowered from 5.8 to 1.82 eV upon addition of 45 mL of Co2+-polyphenol complex. The N/m* was calculated from the optical dielectric function. Ultimately, various types of electronic transitions within the polymer composites were specified using Tauc's method. The direct bandgap (DBG) treatment of polymer composites with a developed amorphous phase is fundamental for commercialization in optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (A.M.H.); (S.A.H.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - Jihad M. Hadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory of Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Human Development, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq;
| | - Wrya O. Karim
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq;
| | - Elham M. A. Dannoun
- Associate Director of General Science Department, Woman Campus, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahang M. Hussein
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (A.M.H.); (S.A.H.)
| | - Sarkawt A. Hussen
- Hameed Majid Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Laboratory, Physics Department, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (A.M.H.); (S.A.H.)
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Stroea L, Chibac-Scutaru AL, Melinte V. Aliphatic Polyurethane Elastomers Quaternized with Silane-Functionalized TiO 2 Nanoparticles with UV-Shielding Features. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1318. [PMID: 33923812 PMCID: PMC8074198 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of high-performance nanocomposites with improved mechanical, thermal or optical properties compared to starting polymers has generated special interest due to their use in a wide range of targeted applications. In the present work, polymer nanocomposites composed of polyurethane elastomers based on polycaprolactone or polycaprolactone/poly(ethylene glycol) soft segments and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles as an inorganic filler were prepared and characterized. Initially, the surface of TiO2 nanoparticles was modified with (3-iodopropyl) trimethoxysilane as a coupling agent, and thereafter, the tertiary amine groups from polyurethane hard segments were quaternized with the silane-modified TiO2 nanoparticles in order to ensure covalent binding of the nanoparticles on the polymeric chains. In the preparation of polymer nanocomposites, two quaternization degrees were taken into account (1/1 and 1/0.5 molar ratios), and the resulting nanocomposite coatings were characterized by various methods (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis). The mechanical parameters of the samples evaluated by tensile testing confirm the elastomeric character of the polyurethanes and of the corresponding composites, indicating the obtaining of highly flexible materials. The absorbance/transmittance measurements of PU/TiO2 thin films in the wavelength range of 200-700 nm show that these partially block UV-A radiation and all UV-B radiation from sunlight and could possibly be used as UV-protective elastomeric coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Violeta Melinte
- Polyaddition and Photochemistry Department, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (L.S.); (A.-L.C.-S.)
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Bani-Salameh AA, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Qattan IA, Aljarrah IA. Synthesis, Optical, Chemical and Thermal Characterizations of PMMA-PS/CeO 2 Nanoparticles Thin Film. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1158. [PMID: 33916630 PMCID: PMC8038548 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of hybrid thin films based on polymethyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) doped with 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs). The As-prepared thin films of (PMMA-PS) incorporated with CeO2 NPs are deposited on a glass substrate. The transmittance T% (λ) and reflectance R% (λ) of PMMA-PS/CeO2 NPs thin films are measured at room temperature in the spectral range (250-700) nm. High transmittance of 87% is observed in the low-energy regions. However, transmittance decreases sharply to a vanishing value in the high-energy region. In addition, as the CeO2 NPs concentration is increased, a red shift of the absorption edge is clearly observed suggesting a considerable decrease in the band gap energy of PMMA-PS/CeO2 NPs thin film. The optical constants (n and k) and related key optical and optoelectronic parameters of PMMA-PS/Ce NPs thin films are reported and interpreted. Furthermore, Tauc and Urbach models are employed to elucidate optical behavior and calculate the band gaps of the as-synthesized nanocomposite thin films. The optical band gap energy of PMMA-PS thin film is found to be 4.03 eV. Optical band gap engineering is found to be possible upon introducing CeO2 NPs into PMMA-PS polymeric thin films as demonstrated clearly by the continuous decrease of optical band gap upon increasing CeO2 content. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis is conducted to identify the major vibrational modes of the nanocomposite. The peak at 541.42 cm-1 is assigned to Ce-O and indicates the incorporation of CeO2 NPs into the copolymers matrices. There were drastic changes to the width and intensity of the vibrational bands of PMMA-PS upon addition of CeO2 NPs. To examine the chemical and thermal stability, thermogravimetric (TGA) thermograms are measured. We found that (PMMA-PVA)/CeO2 NPs nanocomposite thin films are thermally stable below 110 °C. Therefore, they could be key candidate materials for a wide range of scaled multifunctional smart optical and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areen A. Bani-Salameh
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. A. Ahmad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - A. M. Alsaad
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
| | - I. A. Qattan
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Ihsan A. Aljarrah
- Department of Physical Sciences, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan; (A.A.B.-S.); (A.A.A.); (I.A.A.)
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Synthesis of PVA/CeO 2 Based Nanocomposites with Tuned Refractive Index and Reduced Absorption Edge: Structural and Optical Studies. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14061570. [PMID: 33806999 PMCID: PMC8004838 DOI: 10.3390/ma14061570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, polymer nanocomposites (NCPs) based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with altered refractive index and absorption edge were synthesized by means of a solution cast technique. The characterization techniques of UV–Vis spectroscopy and XRD were used to inspect the structural and optical properties of the prepared films. The XRD patterns of the doped samples have shown clear amendments in the structural properties of the PVA host polymer. Various optical parameters were studied to get more insights about the influence of CeO2 on optical properties of PVA. On the insertion of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) into the PVA matrix, the absorption edge was found to move to reduced photon energy sides. It was concluded that the CeO2 nanoparticles can be used to tune the refractive index (n) of the host polymer, and it reached up to 1.93 for 7 wt.% of CeO2 content. A detailed study of the bandgap (BG) was conducted using two approaches. The outcomes have confirmed the impact of the nanofiller on the BG reduction of the host polymer. The results of the optical BG study highlighted that it is crucial to address the ε” parameter during the BG analysis, and it is considered as a useful tool to specify the type of electronic transitions. Finally, the dispersion region of n is conferred in terms of the Wemple–DiDomenico single oscillator model.
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Xiao Y, Luo H, Tang R, Hou J. Preparation and Applications of Electrospun Optically Transparent Fibrous Membrane. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:506. [PMID: 33567610 PMCID: PMC7915363 DOI: 10.3390/polym13040506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The optically transparent electrospun fibrous membrane has been widely used in many fields due to its simple operation, flexible design, controllable structure, high specific surface area, high porosity, and unique excellent optical properties. This paper comprehensively summarizes the preparation methods and applications of an electrospun optically transparent fibrous membrane in view of the selection of raw materials and structure modulation during preparation. We start by the factors that affect transmittance among different materials and explain the light transmission mechanism of the fibrous membrane. This paper also provides an overview of the methods to fabricate a transparent nanofibrous membrane based on the electrospinning technology including direct electrospinning, solution treatment after electrospinning, heat treatment after electrospinning, and surface modification after electrospinning. It further summarizes the differences in the processes and mechanisms between different transparent fibrous membranes prepared by different methods. Additionally, we study the utilization of transparent as-spun membranes as flexible functional materials, namely alcohol dipstick, air purification, self-cleaning materials, biomedicine, sensors, energy and optoelectronics, oil-water separation, food packaging, anti-icing coating, and anti-corrosion materials. It demonstrates the high transparency of the nanofibers' effects on the applications as well as upgrades the product performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiazi Hou
- Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China; (Y.X.); (H.L.); (R.T.)
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Synthesis and Characterization of Polymeric (PMMA-PVA) Hybrid Thin Films Doped with TiO2 Nanoparticles Using Dip-Coating Technique. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11020099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of hybrid thin films based on Poly(MethylMethAcrylate) (PMMA) and Poly(VinylAlcohol) (PVA), doped with different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). As-prepared thin films of (PMMA-PVA) doped by TiO2 NPs (wt.% = 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16%) are deposited on glass substrate. Transmittance (T%), reflectance (R%), absorption coefficient (α), optical constants (n and k), and optical dielectric functions (ε1 and ε2) are deduced using the experimental transmittance and reflectance spectra. Furthermore, a combination of classical models such as Tauc, Urbach, Spitzer-Fan, and Drude models are applied to calculate the optical and optoelectronic parameters and the energy gaps of the prepared nanocomposite thin films. The optical bandgap energy of PMMA-PVA thin film is found to be 4.101 eV. Incorporation of TiO2 NPs into PMMA-PVA polymeric thin films leads to a decrease in the optical bandgap and thus bandgap engineering is possible. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) transmittance spectra of thin films are measured and interpreted to identify the vibrational modes. To elucidate the chemical stability, thermogravimetric (TGA) curves are measured. We found that (PMMA-PVA)/TiO2 NPs polymeric thin films are thermally stable below 110 °C enable them to be attractive for a wide range of optical and optoelectronic applications.
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Al-Bataineh QM, Ahmad AA, Alsaad AM, Telfah AD. Optical characterizations of PMMA/metal oxide nanoparticles thin films: bandgap engineering using a novel derived model. Heliyon 2021; 7:e05952. [PMID: 33506128 PMCID: PMC7814163 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesize and optically characterize pure PMMA and PMMA incorporated with metal oxides nanoparticles (MO NPs) such as ZnO, CuO, TiO2 and SiO2 NPs nanocomposite thin films with weight concentration of 10% using dip-coating technique. SEM images of MO NPs show that all NPs have nearly an average size of around 50 nm. The optical parameters such as, optical parameters (n and k), optoelectronics properties, dispersion, band-gap energy and band structure of as-prepared nanocomposite thin films were determined by analyzing the transmittance and reflectance spectra. Mainly, optical band-gap energy (Eg) and the thickness of thin films are evaluated to a high degree of accuracy by utilizing Q-functional derived using a mathematical model recently published. The Q(E) is a functional containing experimental transmission and reflection data and the incident photon energy. The Eg value of un-doped PMMA thin films is found to be 4.273 eV. This value decreases as pre-selected MO NPs are introduced into thin films. These values are in excellent agreement with those determined using Tauc method. The FTIR technique is employed to elucidate the vibrational bands of the nanocomposites and the intermolecular bonding between PMMA matrix and the MOs NPs. Thermal stability is investigated by employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at temperatures up to 400 °C. The obtained TGA thermograms indicate that adding MOs NPs to PMMA yield thin films of better thermal stability. The obtained doped thin films show a great promise for fabricating high-efficient optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qais M Al-Bataineh
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad A Ahmad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - A M Alsaad
- Department of Physics, Jordan University of Science & Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Ahmad D Telfah
- Leibniz Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS-e.V., Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Straße 11, 44139, Dortmund, Germany.,Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research (HMCSR), the Jordan University, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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Rubinsztajn S, Chojnowski J, Mizerska U, Basko M, Uznanski P, Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska A, Cypryk M. Reactions of Zirconium (IV) n-Propoxide with SiH-Functional Polysiloxanes as a Route to Siloxane-Zirconium Hybrid Materials with Enhanced Refractive Index. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000601. [PMID: 33270347 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of poly(hydromethylsiloxane-co-methylphenylsiloxane) with zirconium (IV) n-propoxide in dry toluene leads to extensive scission of the siloxane chain and conversion of Si-H groups. These processes produce oligomeric siloxanes and organosilanes containing moisture sensitive propoxy and siloxy-zirconate groups. The obtained post-reaction solution of zirconium containing heterosiloxane oligomers is stable under anhydrous conditions for several weeks. However, its exposure to moisture initiates the hydrolytic condensation of the reactive groups leading to cross-linking and the formation of a siloxane-zirconium composite. Spin coating of the siloxane-zirconium prepolymer followed by exposure to moisture produces thin films with excellent light transparency and increased refractive index. The final coatings are characterized by ellipsometry, UV-Vis, IR, and 29 Si MAS NMR spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Rubinsztajn
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Julian Chojnowski
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Urszula Mizerska
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Basko
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Pawel Uznanski
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
| | - Marek Cypryk
- Dr. S. Rubinsztajn, Prof. J. Chojnowski, Dr. U. Mizerska, Dr. M. Basko, Dr. P. Uznanski, Dr. A. Walkiewicz-Pietrzykowska, Prof. M. Cypryk, Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences, Sienkiewicza 112, Lodz, 90-363, Poland
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Chen Y, Yang Z, Chen M, Qin Z. High‐refractive index polythiourethane resin based on 2,3‐bis((2‐mercaptoethyl) thio)‐1‐propanethiol and 1,3‐bis(isocyanantomethyl) cyclohexane using tertiary amine catalyst. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | | | - Yuanyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Zhao Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Mingyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
| | - Zongyi Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering Donghua University Shanghai China
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Steps Toward the Band Gap Identification in Polystyrene Based Solid Polymer Nanocomposites Integrated with Tin Titanate Nanoparticles. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102320. [PMID: 33050519 PMCID: PMC7600492 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the film fabrication of polystyrene (PS) based polymer nanocomposites (NCs) with tuned refractive index and absorption edge was carried out using the solution cast method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) light characterization techniques were performed. The structural and optical properties of the prepared films were specified. The hump of PS decreased significantly when SnTiO3 nanoparticles (NPs) were introduced. Sharp and high intense peaks of SnTiO3 NPs at a high filler ratio were observed. The crystalline size was determined for SnTiO3 NPs from the sharp crystalline peaks using Debye-Scherrer’s equation and was found to be 25.179 nm, which is close enough to that described by the supplier. Several optical parameters, such as absorption coefficient (α), refractive index (n), and optical dielectric properties, were investigated. The absorption spectra were tuned with increasing SnTiO3NPs. Upon the addition of the NPs to the PS host polymer, the absorption edge undergoes shifting to lesser photon energy sides. The optical dielectric constant (ε′) was correlated to the refractive index. The study of the optical band gap was conducted in detail using both Tauc’s model and the optical dielectric loss (ε″) parameter. The results showed that the ε″ parameter is noteworthy to be measured in the optical band gap study of materials.
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Werdehausen D, Santiago XG, Burger S, Staude I, Pertsch T, Rockstuhl C, Decker M. Modeling Optical Materials at the Single Scatterer Level: The Transition from Homogeneous to Heterogeneous Materials. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202000192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Werdehausen
- Corporate Research & Technology Carl Zeiss AG Carl Zeiss Promenade 10 07745 Jena Germany
- Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 15 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Xavier Garcia Santiago
- JCMwave GmbH Bolivarallee 22 14050 Berlin Germany
- Zuse Institute Berlin Takustr. 7 14195 Berlin Germany
- Institut für Nanotechnology Karlsruher Institut für Technologie PO‐Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sven Burger
- JCMwave GmbH Bolivarallee 22 14050 Berlin Germany
- Zuse Institute Berlin Takustr. 7 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 15 07745 Jena Germany
- Institute for Solid State Physics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Max‐Wien‐Platz 1 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Thomas Pertsch
- Institute of Applied Physics Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University Jena Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 15 07745 Jena Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering Albert‐Einstein‐Str. 7 07745 Jena Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics Germany
| | - Carsten Rockstuhl
- Institut für Nanotechnology Karlsruher Institut für Technologie PO‐Box 3640 76021 Karlsruhe Germany
- Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik Karlsruher Institut für Technologie Wolfgang‐Gaede‐Str. 1 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Max Planck School of Photonics Germany
| | - Manuel Decker
- Corporate Research & Technology Carl Zeiss AG Carl Zeiss Promenade 10 07745 Jena Germany
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Aziz SB, Brza MA, Nofal MM, Abdulwahid RT, Hussen SA, Hussein AM, Karim WO. A Comprehensive Review on Optical Properties of Polymer Electrolytes and Composites. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E3675. [PMID: 32825367 PMCID: PMC7503865 DOI: 10.3390/ma13173675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Polymer electrolytes and composites have prevailed in the high performance and mobile marketplace during recent years. Polymer-based solid electrolytes possess the benefits of low flammability, excellent flexibility, good thermal stability, as well as higher safety. Several researchers have paid attention to the optical properties of polymer electrolytes and their composites. In the present review paper, first, the characteristics, fundamentals, advantages and principles of various types of polymer electrolytes were discussed. Afterward, the characteristics and performance of various polymer hosts on the basis of specific essential and newly published works were described. New developments in various approaches to investigate the optical properties of polymer electrolytes were emphasized. The last part of the review devoted to the optical band gap study using two methods: Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss parameter. Based on recently published literature sufficient quantum mechanical backgrounds were provided to support the applicability of the optical dielectric loss parameter for the band gap study. In this review paper, it was demonstrated that both Tauc's model and optical dielectric loss should be studied to specify the type of electron transition and estimate the optical band gap accurately. Other parameters such as absorption coefficient, refractive index and optical dielectric constant were also explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujahadeen B. Aziz
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq
| | - M. A. Brza
- Manufacturing and Material Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Gombak 53100, Malaysia;
| | - Muaffaq M. Nofal
- Department of Mathematics and General Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Rebar T. Abdulwahid
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
- Department of Physics, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government, Old Campus, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq
| | - Sarkawt A. Hussen
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Ahang M. Hussein
- Advanced Polymeric Materials Research Lab., Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq; (R.T.A.); (S.A.H.); (A.M.H.)
| | - Wrya O. Karim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani, Qlyasan Street, Sulaimani 46001, Kurdistan Regional Government, Iraq;
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Kolb C, Gumpert K, Wolter H, Sextl G. Highly translucent dental resin composites through refractive index adaption using zirconium dioxide nanoparticles and organic functionalization. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1332-1342. [PMID: 32736851 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES For dental resin composites, high translucency is important. Therefore, the aim of the study was to create a biocompatible and highly translucent resin-based composite, and to investigate the effect of material thickness on translucency. METHODS A biocompatible ORMOCER® resin matrix was reinforced with dental glass powder as fillers. To reach a high translucency, refractive index matching of the matrix and fillers was done in the two ways: (1) Highly refractive ZrO2 nanoparticles were incorporated into the resin. (2) The resin was modified via addition of 4-Methylthiophenol. The corresponding refractive indices were acquired on an Abbe refractometer (n = 5). In both cases, the dental glass powder was added and translucency of the resulting minifilled and nanohybrid composites were measured using spectral photometry (n = 5). Additionally, the translucency of the experimental composites was determined as a function of specimen thickness in the range 10 μm-2 mm (n = 5). One-way ANOVA was performed to determine the significant differences in various optical parameters among different amounts of modifications and thicknesses at α = 0.05. Furthermore, cytotoxicity tests (extract and direct contact tests) were conducted according to ISO 10993 to classify the biocompatibility of the composites (n = 6). RESULTS The translucency values of the composites with 47 wt.-% dental glass powder and a specimen thickness of 2 mm, could be increased from 26% up to 71% by increasing the refractive index of the matrix through incorporating ZrO2 nanoparticles. Moreover, it can also be increased to 67% via addition of 4-Methylthiophenol. Further results showed that the translucency significantly depended on the sample thickness following an exponential function. The effect of all tested parameters was significant among the materials (p < 0.001). The composites did not show any cytotoxic effect. SIGNIFICANCE Highly translucent and biocompatible resin composites were developed. They show attractive properties for the use as dental enamel material in direct and indirect restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Kolb
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany.
| | - Katrin Gumpert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Wolter
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sextl
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Wuerzburg, Germany
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Kwon HJ, Tang X, Shin S, Hong J, Jeong W, Jo Y, An TK, Lee J, Kim SH. Facile Photo-cross-linking System for Polymeric Gate Dielectric Materials toward Solution-Processed Organic Field-Effect Transistors: Role of a Cross-linker in Various Polymer Types. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:30600-30615. [PMID: 32527080 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Energy-efficient solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) are highly sought after in the low-cost printing industry as well as for the manufacture of flexible and other next-generation devices. The fabrication of such electronic devices requires high-functioning insulating materials that are chemically and mechanically robust to avoid lowering insulating properties during the device fabrication process or utilization of devices. In this study, we report a facile, fluorinated, UV-assisted cross-linker series using a fluorophenyl azide (FPA), which reacts with the C-H groups of a conventional polymer. This demonstrates the application of the cross-linked films in OFET gate dielectrics. The effects of the cross-linkable chemical structure of the FPA series on the cross-linking chemistry, photopatternability, and dielectric properties of the resulting films are investigated for low/high-k or amorphous/crystalline polymeric gate dielectric materials. The characteristics of insulating layers and behavior of OFETs containing these cross-linked gate dielectrics (for example, leakage current density (J), hysteresis, and charge trap density) depend on the polymer type. Furthermore, an organic-based complementary inverter and various printable OFETs with excellent electrical characteristics are successfully fabricated. Thus, these reported cross-linkers that enable the solution process and patterning of well-developed conventional polymer dielectric materials are promising for the realization of a more sustainable next-generation industrial technology for flexible and printable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeok-Jin Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaowu Tang
- Department of Advanced Organic Materials Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongjun Shin
- Department of IT Energy Convergence, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Hong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyo Jeong
- Department of IT Energy Convergence, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Jo
- Department of IT Energy Convergence, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyu An
- Department of IT Energy Convergence, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Lee
- Department of IT Energy Convergence, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Advanced Organic Materials Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Bommalapura Hanumaiah A, Al-Gunaid MQA, Siddaramaiah. Performance of nano-K-doped zirconate on modified opto-electrical and electrochemical properties of gelatin biopolymer nanocomposites. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Rubinsztajn S, Chojnowski J, Cypryk M, Mizerska U, Uznański P, Walkiewicz‐Pietrzykowska A. Reactions of titanium alkoxide with SiH containing polymers as a route to titanium/siloxane hybrid materials with enhanced refractive index. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Rubinsztajn
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Julian Chojnowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Marek Cypryk
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Urszula Mizerska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
| | - Pawel Uznański
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular StudiesPolish Academy of Sciences Sienkiewicza 112 90‐363 Łódź Poland
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Baruah S, Kumar S, Nayak B, Puzari A. Optoelectronically suitable graphene oxide-decorated titanium oxide/polyaniline hybrid nanocomposites and their enhanced photocatalytic activity with methylene blue and rhodamine B dye. Polym Bull (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-020-03182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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48
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Zhao D, Shan SX, Zhang M, Zhang XA, Jiang SL, Lyu YF. Preparation of Titanium-silphenylene-siloxane Hybrid Polymers with High Refractive Index, Transmittance, and Thermal Stability. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-020-2398-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Insight on the structural aspect of ENR-50/TiO2 hybrid in KOH/C3H8O medium revealed by NMR spectroscopy. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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50
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Electrospun nanofibre membrane based transparent slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces with icephobic properties. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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