1
|
Liu JZ, Wang YD, Fang HQ, Sun GB, Ding G. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-Based Targeted Discovery of Chetomin Analogues from Chaetomium cochliodes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2024; 87:1660-1665. [PMID: 38888514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.4c00215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Chetocochliodin M (5) containing a rare cage-ring and chetocochliodin N (6) featuring an unusual piperazine-2,3-dione ring system together with known analogues chetomin (1), chetoseminudin C (2), chetocochliodin I (3), and oidioperazine E (4) were targeted for purification from the fungus Chaetomium cochliodes using a UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and ECD spectra. Compounds 1, 3, and 6 exhibited strong cytotoxic activities against A549 and HeLa cancer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Duo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qi Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Gui-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Charria-Girón E, Sauer C, García D, Ebada SS, Marin-Felix Y. Neochetracin: An Unusual Chetracin-Type Epithiodiketopiperazine Derivative Produced by the Fungus Amesia atrobrunnea. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:24009-24014. [PMID: 38854506 PMCID: PMC11154914 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c02424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Epithiodiketopiperazines are a widely distributed class of secondary metabolites originating from an NRPS biosynthetic pathway and featuring diverse biological activities. In this study, the soil-borne fungus Amesia atrobrunnea FMR 19325 was found to produce a novel chetracin-like epithiodiketopiperazine, neochetracin (1), featuring a unique C-11a'-S-N cross-linkage, along with the known congener, chetracin B (2). Chemical structures were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS and comprehensive 1D/2D NMR spectroscopic analyses. The relative configuration of 1 was distinguished based on a ROESY experiment while its absolute configuration remains undetermined. Chetracin B was found to be a more potent cytotoxic agent compared with its new congener. Compounds 1 and 2 also exerted strong antibacterial effects against the tested bacteria; however, our results suggested that the presence of the C-11a'-S-N cross-linkage in 1 resulted in the total or partial loss of activity against Gram-negative bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Charria-Girón
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute
of Microbiology, Technische Universität
Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße
7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christina Sauer
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dania García
- Unitat
de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències
de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira
i Virgili, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sherif S. Ebada
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain
Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmina Marin-Felix
- Department
of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for
Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute
of Microbiology, Technische Universität
Braunschweig, Spielmannstraße
7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pierre HC, Amrine CSM, Doyle MG, Salvi A, Raja HA, Chekan JR, Huntsman AC, Fuchs JR, Liu K, Burdette JE, Pearce CJ, Oberlies NH. Verticillins: fungal epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloids with chemotherapeutic potential. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38629495 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00068k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Covering: 1970 through June of 2023Verticillins are epipolythiodioxopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids, many of which possess potent, nanomolar-level cytotoxicity against a variety of cancer cell lines. Over the last decade, their in vivo activity and mode of action have been explored in detail. Notably, recent studies have indicated that these compounds may be selective inhibitors of histone methyltransferases (HMTases) that alter the epigenome and modify targets that play a crucial role in apoptosis, altering immune cell recognition, and generating reactive oxygen species. Verticillin A (1) was the first of 27 analogues reported from fungal cultures since 1970. Subsequent genome sequencing identified the biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for producing verticillins, allowing a putative pathway to be proposed. Further, molecular sequencing played a pivotal role in clarifying the taxonomic characterization of verticillin-producing fungi, suggesting that most producing strains belong to the genus Clonostachys (i.e., Bionectria), Bionectriaceae. Recent studies have explored the total synthesis of these molecules and the generation of analogues via both semisynthetic and precursor-directed biosynthetic approaches. In addition, nanoparticles have been used to deliver these molecules, which, like many natural products, possess challenging solubility profiles. This review summarizes over 50 years of chemical and biological research on this class of fungal metabolites and offers insights and suggestions on future opportunities to push these compounds into pre-clinical and clinical development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Herma C Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Chiraz Soumia M Amrine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
- Department of Physical and Earth Sciences. Arkansas Tech University, 1701 N. Boulder Ave., Russellville, Arkansas 72801, USA
| | - Michael G Doyle
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Amrita Salvi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Huzefa A Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| | - Andrew C Huntsman
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - James R Fuchs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, 500 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Kebin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Georgia Cancer Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Joanna E Burdette
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, 900 S. Ashland Ave (M/C 870), Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | | | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, P.O. Box 26170, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan J, Wei PL, Yin WB. Formation of Bridged Disulfide in Epidithiodioxopiperazines. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202300770. [PMID: 38116907 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidithiodioxopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids, featuring a 2,5-diketopiperazine core and transannular disulfide bridge, exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities. However, the structural complexity has prevented efficient chemical synthesis and further clinical research. In the past few decades, many achievements have been made in the biosynthesis of ETPs. Here, we discuss the biosynthetic progress and summarize them as two comprehensible metabolic principles for better understanding the complex pathways of α, α'- and α, β'-disulfide bridged ETPs. Specifically, we systematically outline the catalytic machineries to install α, α'- and α, β'-disulfide by flavin-containing oxygenases. This concept would contribute to the medical and industrial applications of ETPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
| | - Peng-Lin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, P. R. China
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li J, Ma J, Wei C, Zheng Z, Han Y, Wang H, Wang X, Hu C. Polyoxometalate-based ionic liquids: efficient reversible phase transformation-type catalysts for thiolation of alcohols to construct C-S bonds. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:4492-4500. [PMID: 38348738 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00046c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
As important building blocks in natural products and organic synthesis, thioethers have a wide range of potential applications. Herein, polyoxometalate-based ionic liquids (POM-ILs-SO3H) derived from N-alkyl imidazole were synthesized and used for the first time for the thiolation of alcohols to construct C-S bonds in a series of benzyl thioethers. This type of POM-ILs-SO3H catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity, providing up to 98% yield of thioether within 1 h at 70 °C. The alkyl chain length of the imidazole had a certain effect on the solubility of the POM-ILs-SO3H catalysts in the reaction solvent, and then affected their catalytic activity. The catalytic system had a wide substrate scope and was suitable for the reaction of tertiary and secondary benzyl alcohols with thiophenols or cycloalkyl thiols. In particular, [PIMPS]3PW12O40 (PIM = 1-propylimidazole, PS = propane sulfonate) as a reversible phase transformation-type catalyst, combining the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts, exhibited high activity and good recyclability with only a slight decrease in the yield after five runs. Additionally, a carbocation mechanism was proposed for the thiolation reaction of alcohols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jikun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Junwei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Optic-Electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Chuanping Wei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Zebao Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Yinfeng Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Huiping Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Xueshen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taishan University, Tai'an, 271021, Shandong, P. R. China.
| | - Changwen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen Y, Xiao T, Guo S, Chang S, Xi X, Su B, Zhang T, Yu L, Zhao W, Wu J, Li Y, Si S, Chen M. Unexpected Noremestrin with a Sulfur-Bearing 15-Membered Macrocyclic Lactone from Emericella sp. 1454. Org Lett 2024; 26:1-5. [PMID: 37988124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c02958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Two previous unreported epipolythiodioxopiperazines of the emestrin family, namely, noremestrin A (1) and secoemestrin E (2), were successfully isolated from the fungal source Emericella sp. 1454. Employing comprehensive spectroscopic techniques, such as high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), along with NMR and electronic circular dichroism calculations, the chemical structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated. Particularly noteworthy is the distinctive nature of noremestrin A, representing the inaugural instance of a noremestrin variant incorporating a sulfur-bearing 15-membered macrocyclic lactone moiety. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited weak cytotoxic activities against the human chronic myelocytic leukemia cell lines MEG-01 and K562.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchuan Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongmei Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyue Guo
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Shanshan Chang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Xi
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjie Su
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingshuai Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Si
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghua Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Alves de Castro P, Figueiredo Pinzan C, Dos Reis TF, Valero C, Van Rhijn N, Menegatti C, de Freitas Migliorini IL, Bromley M, Fleming AB, Traynor AM, Sarikaya-Bayram Ö, Bayram Ö, Malavazi I, Ebel F, Barbosa JCJ, Fill T, Pupo MT, Goldman GH. Aspergillus fumigatus mitogen-activated protein kinase MpkA is involved in gliotoxin production and self-protection. Nat Commun 2024; 15:33. [PMID: 38167253 PMCID: PMC10762094 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus is a saprophytic fungus that can cause a variety of human diseases known as aspergillosis. Mycotoxin gliotoxin (GT) production is important for its virulence and must be tightly regulated to avoid excess production and toxicity to the fungus. GT self-protection by GliT oxidoreductase and GtmA methyltransferase activities is related to the subcellular localization of these enzymes and how GT can be sequestered from the cytoplasm to avoid increased cell damage. Here, we show that GliT:GFP and GtmA:GFP are localized in the cytoplasm and in vacuoles during GT production. The Mitogen-Activated Protein kinase MpkA is essential for GT production and self-protection, interacts physically with GliT and GtmA and it is necessary for their regulation and subsequent presence in the vacuoles. The sensor histidine kinase SlnASln1 is important for modulation of MpkA phosphorylation. Our work emphasizes the importance of MpkA and compartmentalization of cellular events for GT production and self-defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Alves de Castro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Camila Figueiredo Pinzan
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Thaila Fernanda Dos Reis
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Clara Valero
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Norman Van Rhijn
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Carla Menegatti
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Michael Bromley
- Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair B Fleming
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aimee M Traynor
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland
| | | | - Özgür Bayram
- Department of Biology, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Co. Kildare, Ireland.
| | - Iran Malavazi
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Frank Ebel
- Institut für Infektionsmedizin und Zoonosen, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU, 80539, München, Germany
| | | | - Taícia Fill
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Monica Tallarico Pupo
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gustavo H Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Salim AA, Butler MS, Blaskovich MAT, Henderson IR, Capon RJ. Natural products as anthelmintics: safeguarding animal health. Nat Prod Rep 2023; 40:1754-1808. [PMID: 37555325 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Covering literature to December 2022This review provides a comprehensive account of all natural products (500 compounds, including 17 semi-synthetic derivatives) described in the primary literature up to December 2022, reported to be capable of inhibiting the egg hatching, motility, larval development and/or the survival of helminths (i.e., nematodes, flukes and tapeworms). These parasitic worms infect and compromise the health and welfare, productivity and lives of commercial livestock (i.e., sheep, cattle, horses, pigs, poultry and fish), companion animals (i.e., dogs and cats) and other high value, endangered and/or exotic animals. Attention is given to chemical structures, as well as source organisms and anthelmintic properties, including the nature of bioassay target species, in vivo animal hosts, and measures of potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela A Salim
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Mark S Butler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Mark A T Blaskovich
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Ian R Henderson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| | - Robert J Capon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 4072.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhong LF, Ling J, Luo LX, Yang CN, Liang X, Qi SH. Lecanicilliums A-F, Thiodiketopiperazine-Class Alkaloids from a Mangrove Sediment-Derived Fungus Lecanicillium kalimantanense. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:575. [PMID: 37999399 PMCID: PMC10672332 DOI: 10.3390/md21110575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Six new thiodiketopiperazine-class alkaloids lecanicilliums A-F were isolated from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Lecanicillium kalimantanense SCSIO41702, together with thirteen known analogues. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configurations were determined by quantum chemical calculations. Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and the structure of Lecanicillium C were further confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Lecanicillium A contained an unprecedented 6/5/6/5/7/6 cyclic system with a spirocyclic center at C-2'. Biologically, lecanicillium E, emethacin B, and versicolor A displayed significant cytotoxicity against human lung adenocarcinoma cell line H1975, with IC50 values of 7.2~16.9 μM, and lecanicillium E also showed antibacterial activity against four pathogens with MIC values of 10~40 μg/mL. Their structure-activity relationship is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (L.-F.Z.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Juan Ling
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (L.-F.Z.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Lian-Xiang Luo
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (L.-X.L.); (C.-N.Y.)
| | - Chang-Nian Yang
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (L.-X.L.); (C.-N.Y.)
| | - Xiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (L.-F.Z.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Shu-Hua Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; (L.-F.Z.); (J.L.); (X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cheng M, Tang X, Shao Z, Li G, Yao Q. Cytotoxic Epipolythiodioxopiperazines from the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Exophiala mesophila MCCC 3A00939. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 86:2342-2347. [PMID: 37807846 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.3c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Four new aranotin-type epipolythiodioxopiperazines, graphiumins K-N (1-4), along with four known analogues (5-8), were isolated from the deep-sea-derived fungus Exophiala mesophila MCCC 3A00939. Their structures were elucidated by detailed interpretation of NMR and mass spectrometric data. The absolute configuration of the isolates was deduced by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and the comparisons of experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data with calculated ECD spectra. Graphiumins K (1) and L (2) exhibited cytotoxic activities against the K562, H69AR, and MDA-MB-231 cancer cells with IC50 values ranging from 2.3 to 5.9 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuli Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongze Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqiang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery System, Key Laboratory for Biotechnology Drugs of National Health Commission (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan 250117, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurita D, Sato H, Miyamoto K, Uchiyama M. Mechanistic Investigation of the Degradation Pathways of α-β/α-α Bridged Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs). J Org Chem 2023; 88:12797-12801. [PMID: 37574909 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs) make up a class of biologically active fungal metabolites with a transannular disulfide bridge. In this work, we used DFT calculations to examine in detail the degradation (desulfurization) pathways of α-β/α-α bridged ETPs. The chemical stability of ETPs is influenced by the type of sulfur bridge, the structural features, and the storage conditions. Our results suggest appropriate protection of the phenolic OH of ETPs would improve various pharmaceutically relevant properties, including bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Kurita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Hajime Sato
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 4-4-37 Takeda, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masanobu Uchiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Research Initiative for Supra-Materials (RISM), Shinshu University, 3-15-1 Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Walker KL, Loach RP, Movassaghi M. Total synthesis of complex 2,5-diketopiperazine alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2023; 90:159-206. [PMID: 37716796 PMCID: PMC10955524 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
The 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) motif is present in many biologically relevant, complex natural products. The cyclodipeptide substructure offers structural rigidity and stability to proteolysis that makes these compounds promising candidates for medical applications. Due to their fascinating molecular architecture, synthetic organic chemists have focused significant effort on the total synthesis of these compounds. This review covers many such efforts on the total synthesis of DKP containing complex alkaloid natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Walker
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Richard P Loach
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang L, Jiang Q, Chen S, Wang S, Lu J, Gao X, Zhang D, Jin X. Natural epidithiodiketopiperazine alkaloids as potential anticancer agents: Recent mechanisms of action, structural modification, and synthetic strategies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 137:106642. [PMID: 37276722 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become a grave health crisis that threatens the lives of millions of people worldwide. Because of the drawbacks of the available anticancer drugs, the development of novel and efficient anticancer agents should be encouraged. Epidithiodiketopiperazine (ETP) alkaloids with a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) ring equipped with transannular disulfide or polysulfide bridges or S-methyl moieties constitute a special subclass of fungal natural products. Owing to their privileged sulfur units and intriguing architectural structures, ETP alkaloids exhibit excellent anticancer activities by regulating multiple cancer proteins/signaling pathways, including HIF-1, NF-κB, NOTCH, Wnt, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, or by inducing cell-cycle arrest, apoptosis, and autophagy. Furthermore, a series of ETP alkaloid derivatives obtained via structural modification showed more potent anticancer activity than natural ETP alkaloids. To solve supply difficulties from natural resources, the total synthetic routes for several ETP alkaloids have been designed. In this review, we summarized several ETP alkaloids with anticancer properties with particular emphasis on their underlying mechanisms of action, structural modifications, and synthetic strategies, which will offer guidance to design and innovate potential anticancer drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- China Medical University-Queen's University of Belfast Joint College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Siyi Wang
- The 1st Clinical Department, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xun Gao
- Jiangsu Institute Marine Resources Development, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Dongfang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Xin Jin
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Koshizuka M, Shinoda K, Makino K, Shimada N. Concise Synthesis of 2,5-Diketopiperazines via Catalytic Hydroxy-Directed Peptide Bond Formations. J Org Chem 2023. [PMID: 37125993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
2,5-Diketopiperazines (DKPs) with hydroxymethyl functional groups are essential structures found in many bioactive molecules and functional materials. We have established a simple protocol for the concise synthesis of this type of DKPs through diboronic acid anhydride-catalyzed hydroxy-directed peptide bond formations. The sequential reactions in this report, which consist of three steps, an intermolecular catalytic condensation reaction in which water is the only byproduct, a simple deprotection of the nitrogen-protecting group, and an intramolecular cyclization, enabled the synthesis of functionalized DKPs in high to excellent yields without any intermediate purification. The utility of this protocol has been demonstrated by synthesizing natural products, phomamide and Cyclo(Deala-l-Leu).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Koshizuka
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kaito Shinoda
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuishi Makino
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Drug Development and Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Shimada
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry for Molecular Transformations, Department of Chemistry and the Institute of Natural Sciences, Nihon University, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kollath DR, Morales MM, Itogawa AN, Mullaney D, Lee NR, Barker BM. Combating the Dust Devil: Utilizing Naturally Occurring Soil Microbes in Arizona to Inhibit the Growth of Coccidioides spp., the Causative Agent of Valley Fever. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9030345. [PMID: 36983513 PMCID: PMC10056400 DOI: 10.3390/jof9030345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The fungal disease Valley fever causes a significant medical and financial burden for affected people in the endemic region, and this burden is on the rise. Despite the medical importance of this disease, little is known about ecological factors that influence the geographic point sources of high abundance of the pathogens Coccidioides posadasii and C. immitis, such as competition with co-occurring soil microbes. These “hot spots”, for instance, those in southern Arizona, are areas in which humans are at greater risk of being infected with the fungus due to consistent exposure. The aim of this study was to isolate native microbes from soils collected from Tucson, Arizona (endemic area for C. posadasii) and characterize their relationship (antagonistic, synergistic, or neutral) to the fungal pathogen with in vitro challenge assays. Secreted metabolites from the microbes were extracted and described using analytical techniques including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry. Bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus and fungi in the Fennellomyces and Ovatospora genera were shown to significantly decrease the growth of Coccidioides spp. In vitro. In contrast, other bacteria in the Brevibacillus genus, as well as one species of Bacillus bacteria, were shown to promote growth of Coccidioides when directly challenged. The metabolites secreted from the antagonistic bacteria were described using HPLC and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). The microbes identified in this study as antagonists to Coccidioides and/or the metabolites they secrete have the potential to be used as natural biocontrol agents to limit the amount of fungal burden at geographic point sources, and therefore limit the potential for human infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel R. Kollath
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-708-280-5867
| | - Matthew M. Morales
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Ashley N. Itogawa
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Dustin Mullaney
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Naomi R. Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Bridget M. Barker
- The Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huber EM. Epipolythiodioxopiperazine-Based Natural Products: Building Blocks, Biosynthesis and Biological Activities. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200341. [PMID: 35997236 PMCID: PMC10086836 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs) are fungal secondary metabolites that share a 2,5-diketopiperazine scaffold built from two amino acids and bridged by a sulfide moiety. Modifications of the core and the amino acid side chains, for example by methylations, acetylations, hydroxylations, prenylations, halogenations, cyclizations, and truncations create the structural diversity of ETPs and contribute to their biological activity. However, the key feature responsible for the bioactivities of ETPs is their sulfide moiety. Over the last years, combinations of genome mining, reverse genetics, metabolomics, biochemistry, and structural biology deciphered principles of ETP production. Sulfurization via glutathione and uncovering of the thiols followed by either oxidation or methylation crystallized as fundamental steps that impact expression of the biosynthesis cluster, toxicity and secretion of the metabolite as well as self-tolerance of the producer. This article showcases structure and activity of prototype ETPs such as gliotoxin and discusses the current knowledge on the biosynthesis routes of these exceptional natural products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Huber
- Chair of Biochemistry, Center for Protein Assemblies, Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bispyrrolidinoindoline Epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines (BPI-ETPs) and Simplified Mimetics: Structural Characterization, Bioactivities, and Total Synthesis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217585. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the 2,5-dioxopiperazine-containing natural products generated by “head-to-tail” cyclization of peptides, those derived from tryptophan allow further structural diversification due to the rich chemical reactivity of the indole heterocycle, which can generate tetracyclic fragments of hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole or pyrrolidinoindoline skeleton fused to the 2,5-dioxopiperazine. Even more complex are the dimeric bispyrrolidinoindoline epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines (BPI-ETPs), since they feature transannular (poly)sulfide bridges connecting C3 and C6 of their 2,5-dioxopiperazine rings. Homo- and heterodimers composed of diastereomeric epi(poly)thiodioxopiperazines increase the complexity of the family. Furthermore, putative biogenetically generated downstream metabolites with C11 and C11’-hydroxylated cores, as well as deoxygenated and/or oxidized side chain counterparts, have also been described. The isolation of these complex polycyclic tryptophan-derived alkaloids from the classical sources, their structural characterization, the description of the relevant biological activities and putative biogenetic routes, and the synthetic efforts to generate and confirm their structures and also to prepare and further evaluate structurally simple analogs will be reported.
Collapse
|
18
|
Li Q, Fu A, Wei M, Xiao Y, Yin J, Huang J, Li XN, Tong Q, Chen C, Zhu H, Zhang Y. Asperemestrins A-D, Emestrin Hybrid Polymers with Bridged Skeletons from the Endophytic Fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Org Lett 2022; 24:6800-6804. [PMID: 36074729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Four emestrin hybrid polymers, asperemestrins A-D (1-4, respectively), were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. Asperemestrins A-C are the first examples of emestrin-sterigmatocystin heterodimers bearing a 7/5/6/6/5/5/6/6/6 nonacyclic system with a 2,5-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-3,6-dione core, while asperemestrin D features an unprecedented 2,15-dithia-17,19-diazabicyclo[14.2.2]icosa-4,8-diene-12,18,20-trione core skeleton. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, electronic circular dichroism calculations, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Asperemestrin B showed moderate cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, including SU-DHL-2, HEPG2, and HL-60.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengsha Wei
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzheng Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyi Tong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunmei Chen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Hucheng Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chang S, Cai M, Xiao T, Chen Y, Zhao W, Yu L, Shao R, Jiang W, Zhang T, Gan M, Si S, Chen M. Prenylemestrins A and B: Two Unexpected Epipolythiodioxopiperazines with a Thioethanothio Bridge from Emericella sp. Isolated by Genomic Analysis. Org Lett 2022; 24:5941-5945. [PMID: 35938920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Prenylemestrins A and B (1 and 2, respectively), two unusual epipolythiodioxopiperazines featuring a thioethanothio bridge instead of a polysulfide bridge, were isolated from the fungus Emericella sp. CPCC 400858 guided by genomic analysis. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, NMR and ECD calculations, and X-ray diffraction analysis. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1 and 2 was proposed on the basis of gene cluster analysis. Prenylemestrins A and B exhibited cytotoxicities against human chronic myelocytic leukemia cell lines K562 and MEG-01.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Chang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Meilian Cai
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongmei Xiao
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchuan Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wuli Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Liyan Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongguang Shao
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Maoluo Gan
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyi Si
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghua Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory for Microbial Drug Bioengineering, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
García-Domínguez P, Areal A, Alvarez R, de Lera AR. Chemical synthesis in competition with global genome mining and heterologous expression for the preparation of dimeric tryptophan-derived 2,5-dioxopiperazines. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1172-1225. [PMID: 35470828 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00006g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2021Within the 2,5-dioxopiperazines-containing natural products, those generated from tryptophan allow further structural diversification due to the rich chemical reactivity of the indole heterocycle. The great variety of natural products, ranging from simple dimeric bispyrrolidinoindoline dioxopiperazines and tryptophan-derived dioxopiperazine/pyrrolidinoindoline dioxopiperazine analogs to complex polycyclic downstream metabolites containing transannular connections between the subunits, will be covered. These natural products are constructed by Nature using hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS) and nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) assembly lines. Mining of microbial genome sequences has more recently allowed the study of the metabolic routes and the discovery of their hidden biosynthetic potential. The competition (ideally, also the combined efforts) between their isolation from the cultures of the producing microorganisms after global genome mining and heterologous expression and the synthetic campaigns, has more recently allowed the successful generation and structural confirmation of these natural products. Their biological activities as well as their proposed biogenetic routes and computational studies on biogenesis will also be covered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Areal
- CINBIO and Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Koning N, Strand D. A C-H Activation Approach to the Tricyclic Core of Glionitrin A and B. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12329-12341. [PMID: 35449932 PMCID: PMC9016890 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthesis of diketopiperazines has been of long-standing interest in both natural product synthesis and medicinal chemistry. Here, we present an operationally convenient and efficient approach to the fused indoline-diketopiperazine tricyclic core of glionitrin A/B and related structures using a Pd-catalyzed C-H activation reaction to form the indoline five-membered ring. Exploratory work aimed at elaborating the tricyclic structures into the corresponding natural products is discussed.
Collapse
|
22
|
Cyclic 5-membered disulfides are not selective substrates of thioredoxin reductase, but are opened nonspecifically. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1754. [PMID: 35365603 PMCID: PMC8975869 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29136-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyclic five-membered disulfide 1,2-dithiolane has been widely used in chemical biology and in redox probes. Contradictory reports have described it either as nonspecifically reduced in cells, or else as a highly specific substrate for thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Here we show that 1,2-dithiolane probes, such as "TRFS" probes, are nonspecifically reduced by thiol reductants and redox-active proteins, and their cellular performance is barely affected by TrxR inhibition or knockout. Therefore, results of cellular imaging or inhibitor screening using 1,2-dithiolanes should not be interpreted as reflecting TrxR activity, and previous studies may need re-evaluation. To understand 1,2-dithiolanes' complex behaviour, probe localisation, environment-dependent fluorescence, reduction-independent ring-opening polymerisation, and thiol-dependent cellular uptake must all be considered; particular caution is needed when co-applying thiophilic inhibitors. We present a general approach controlling against assay misinterpretation with reducible probes, to ensure future TrxR-targeted designs are robustly evaluated for selectivity, and to better orient future research.
Collapse
|
23
|
Shevkar C, Pradhan P, Armarkar A, Pandey K, Kalia K, Paranagama P, Kate AS. Exploration of Potent Cytotoxic Molecules from Fungi in Recent Past to Discover Plausible Anticancer Scaffolds. Chem Biodivers 2022; 19:e202100976. [PMID: 35315213 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fungi are known to produce diverse scaffolds possessing unique biological activities, however, to date, no molecule discovered from a fungal source has reached the market as an anti-cancer drug. Every year number of cytotoxic molecules of fungal origin are getting published and critical analysis of those compounds is necessary to identify the potent ones. A review mentioning the best cytotoxic fungal metabolites and their status in the drug development was published in 2014. In this report, we have included 176 cytotoxic molecules isolated from fungi after 2014 and categorized them according to their potencies such as IC50 values below 1 μM, 1-5 μM, and 5-10 μM. The emphasis was given to those 42 molecules which have shown IC50 less than 1 μM and discussed to a great extent. This review shall provide potent scaffolds of fungal origin which can be given priority in the development as a drug candidate for cancer therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaitrali Shevkar
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Pranali Pradhan
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Ashwini Armarkar
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Komal Pandey
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Priyani Paranagama
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kelaniya, Dalugama, Kelaniya, 11600, Sri Lanka
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382355, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma Z, Zhou A, Xia C. Strategies for total synthesis of bispyrrolidinoindoline alkaloids. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 39:1015-1044. [PMID: 35297915 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00060h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Covering up to 2021Complex cyclotryptamine alkaloids with a bispyrrolidino[2,3-b]indoline (BPI) skeleton are an intriguing family of natural products, exhibiting wide systematic occurrences, large structural diversity, and multiple biological activities. Based on their structural characteristics, BPI alkaloids can be classified into chimonanthine-type BPI alkaloids, BPI diketopiperazines, and BPI epipolythiodiketopiperazines. These intricate molecules have captivated great attention soon after their isolation and identification in the 1960s. Due to the structural complexity, the total synthesis of these cyclotryptamine alkaloids is challenging. Nevertheless, remarkable progress has been achieved in the last six decades; in particular, several methods have been successfully established for the construction of vicinal all-carbon quaternary stereocenters. In this review, the structural diversity and chemical synthesis of these BPI alkaloids were summarized. BPI alkaloids are mainly synthesized by the methods of oxidative dimerization, reductive dimerization, and alkylation of bisoxindole. The purpose of this review is to present overall strategies for assembling the BPI skeleton and efforts towards controlling the stereocenters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Ankun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| | - Chengfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, and Yunnan University Library, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Pacheco-Tapia R, Vásquez-Ocmín P, Duthen S, Ortiz S, Jargeat P, Amasifuen C, Haddad M, Vansteelandt M. Chemical modulation of the metabolism of an endophytic fungal strain of Cophinforma mamane using epigenetic modifiers and amino-acids. Fungal Biol 2022; 126:385-394. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2022.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
26
|
Secondary Metabolites from Marine-Derived Fungi and Actinobacteria as Potential Sources of Novel Colorectal Cancer Drugs. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20010067. [PMID: 35049922 PMCID: PMC8777761 DOI: 10.3390/md20010067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers diagnosed in the world. Chemotheraphy is one of the most common methods used for the pharmacological treatment of this cancer patients. Nevertheless, the adverse effect of chemotherapy is not optimized for improving the quality of life of people who are older, who are the most vulnerable subpopulation. This review presents recent updates regarding secondary metabolites derived from marine fungi and actinobacteria as novel alternatives for cytotoxic agents against colorectal cancer cell lines HCT116, HT29, HCT15, RKO, Caco-2, and SW480. The observed marine-derived fungi were from the species Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Neosartorya sp., Dichotomomyces sp., Paradendryphiella sp., and Westerdykella sp. Additionally, Streptomyces sp. and Nocardiopsis sp. are actinobacteria discussed in this study. Seventy one compounds reviewed in this study were grouped on the basis of their chemical structures. Indole alkaloids and diketopiperazines made up most compounds with higher potencies when compared with other groups. The potency of indole alkaloids and diketopiperazines was most probably due to halogen-based functional groups and sulfide groups, respectively.
Collapse
|
27
|
de Castro PA, Colabardini AC, Moraes M, Horta MAC, Knowles SL, Raja HA, Oberlies NH, Koyama Y, Ogawa M, Gomi K, Steenwyk JL, Rokas A, Gonçales RA, Duarte-Oliveira C, Carvalho A, Ries LNA, Goldman GH. Regulation of gliotoxin biosynthesis and protection in Aspergillus species. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1009965. [PMID: 35041649 PMCID: PMC8797188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aspergillus fumigatus causes a range of human and animal diseases collectively known as aspergillosis. A. fumigatus possesses and expresses a range of genetic determinants of virulence, which facilitate colonisation and disease progression, including the secretion of mycotoxins. Gliotoxin (GT) is the best studied A. fumigatus mycotoxin with a wide range of known toxic effects that impair human immune cell function. GT is also highly toxic to A. fumigatus and this fungus has evolved self-protection mechanisms that include (i) the GT efflux pump GliA, (ii) the GT neutralising enzyme GliT, and (iii) the negative regulation of GT biosynthesis by the bis-thiomethyltransferase GtmA. The transcription factor (TF) RglT is the main regulator of GliT and this GT protection mechanism also occurs in the non-GT producing fungus A. nidulans. However, the A. nidulans genome does not encode GtmA and GliA. This work aimed at analysing the transcriptional response to exogenous GT in A. fumigatus and A. nidulans, two distantly related Aspergillus species, and to identify additional components required for GT protection. RNA-sequencing shows a highly different transcriptional response to exogenous GT with the RglT-dependent regulon also significantly differing between A. fumigatus and A. nidulans. However, we were able to observe homologs whose expression pattern was similar in both species (43 RglT-independent and 11 RglT-dependent). Based on this approach, we identified a novel RglT-dependent methyltranferase, MtrA, involved in GT protection. Taking into consideration the occurrence of RglT-independent modulated genes, we screened an A. fumigatus deletion library of 484 transcription factors (TFs) for sensitivity to GT and identified 15 TFs important for GT self-protection. Of these, the TF KojR, which is essential for kojic acid biosynthesis in Aspergillus oryzae, was also essential for virulence and GT biosynthesis in A. fumigatus, and for GT protection in A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, and A. oryzae. KojR regulates rglT, gliT, gliJ expression and sulfur metabolism in Aspergillus species. Together, this study identified conserved components required for GT protection in Aspergillus species. A. fumigatus secretes mycotoxins that are essential for its virulence and pathogenicity. Gliotoxin (GT) is a sulfur-containing mycotoxin, which is known to impair several aspects of the human immune response. GT is also toxic to different fungal species, which have evolved several GT protection strategies. To further decipher these responses, we used transcriptional profiling aiming to compare the response to GT in the GT producer A. fumigatus and the GT non-producer A. nidulans. This analysis allowed us to identify additional genes with a potential role in GT protection. We also identified 15 transcription factors (TFs) encoded in the A. fumigatus genome that are important for conferring resistance to exogenous gliotoxin. One of these TFs, KojR, which is essential for A. oryzae kojic acid production, is also important for virulence in A. fumigatus and GT protection in A. fumigatus, A. nidulans and A. oryzae. KojR regulates the expression of genes important for gliotoxin biosynthesis and protection, and sulfur metabolism. Together, this work identified conserved components required for gliotoxin protection in Aspergillus species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Alves de Castro
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Colabardini
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maísa Moraes
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | - Sonja L. Knowles
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina United States of America
| | - Huzefa A. Raja
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina United States of America
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina United States of America
| | - Yasuji Koyama
- Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 338 Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ogawa
- Noda Institute for Scientific Research, 338 Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Katsuya Gomi
- Department of Bioindustrial Informatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jacob L. Steenwyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Antonis Rokas
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Relber A. Gonçales
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Duarte-Oliveira
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Agostinho Carvalho
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s—PT Government Associate Laboratory, Guimarães/Braga, Portugal
| | - Laure N. A. Ries
- MRC Centre for Medical Mycology at the University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Exeter, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (LNAR); (GHG)
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- * E-mail: (LNAR); (GHG)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Koning NR, Sundin AP, Strand D. Total Synthesis of (-)-Glionitrin A and B Enabled by an Asymmetric Oxidative Sulfenylation of Triketopiperazines. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21218-21222. [PMID: 34808045 PMCID: PMC8704193 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Asymmetric construction
of dithiodiketopiperazines on otherwise
achiral scaffolds remains a pivotal synthetic challenge encountered
in many biologically significant natural products. Herein, we report
the first total syntheses of (−)-glionitrin A/B and revise
the absolute configurations. Emerging from the study is a novel oxidative
sulfenylation of triketopiperazines that enables asymmetric formation
of dithiodiketopiperazines on sensitive substrates. The concise
route paves the way for further studies on the potent antimicrobial
and antitumor activities of glionitrin A and the intriguing ability
of glionitrin B to inhibit invasive ability of cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas R Koning
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders P Sundin
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Daniel Strand
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fungal Secondary Metabolites as Inhibitors of the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413309. [PMID: 34948102 PMCID: PMC8707610 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) is the major non-lysosomal pathway responsible for regulated degradation of intracellular proteins in eukaryotes. As the principal proteolytic pathway in the cytosol and the nucleus, the UPS serves two main functions: the quality control function (i.e., removal of damaged, misfolded, and functionally incompetent proteins) and a major regulatory function (i.e., targeted degradation of a variety of short-lived regulatory proteins involved in cell cycle control, signal transduction cascades, and regulation of gene expression and metabolic pathways). Aberrations in the UPS are implicated in numerous human pathologies such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmunity, inflammation, or infectious diseases. Therefore, the UPS has become an attractive target for drug discovery and development. For the past two decades, much research has been focused on identifying and developing compounds that target specific components of the UPS. Considerable effort has been devoted to the development of both second-generation proteasome inhibitors and inhibitors of ubiquitinating/deubiquitinating enzymes. With the feature of unique structure and bioactivity, secondary metabolites (natural products) serve as the lead compounds in the development of new therapeutic drugs. This review, for the first time, summarizes fungal secondary metabolites found to act as inhibitors of the UPS components.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yamazaki H. Exploration of marine natural resources in Indonesia and development of efficient strategies for the production of microbial halogenated metabolites. J Nat Med 2021; 76:1-19. [PMID: 34415546 PMCID: PMC8732978 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01557-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Nature is a prolific source of organic products with diverse scaffolds and biological activities. The process of natural product discovery has gradually become more challenging, and advances in novel strategic approaches are essential to evolve natural product chemistry. Our focus has been on surveying untouched marine resources and fermentation to enhance microbial productive performance. The first topic is the screening of marine natural products isolated from Indonesian marine organisms for new types of bioactive compounds, such as antineoplastics, antimycobacterium substances, and inhibitors of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, sterol O-acyl-transferase, and bone morphogenetic protein-induced osteoblastic differentiation. The unique biological properties of marine organohalides are discussed herein and attempts to efficiently produce fungal halogenated metabolites are documented. This review presents an overview of our recent work accomplishments based on the MONOTORI study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Urquhart AS, Elliott CE, Zeng W, Idnurm A. Constitutive expression of transcription factor SirZ blocks pathogenicity in Leptosphaeria maculans independently of sirodesmin production. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252333. [PMID: 34111151 PMCID: PMC8191991 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirodesmin, the major secondary metabolite produced by the plant pathogenic fungus Leptosphaeria maculans in vitro, has been linked to disease on Brassica species since the 1970s, and yet its role has remained ambiguous. Re-examination of gene expression data revealed that all previously described genes and two newly identified genes within the sir gene cluster in the genome are down-regulated during the crucial early establishment stages of blackleg disease on Brassica napus. To test if this is a strategy employed by the fungus to avoid damage to and then detection by the host plant during the L. maculans asymptomatic biotrophic phase, sirodesmin was produced constitutively by overexpressing the sirZ gene encoding the transcription factor that coordinates the regulation of the other genes in the sir cluster. The sirZ over-expression strains had a major reduction in pathogenicity. Mutation of the over-expression construct restored pathogenicity. However, mutation of two genes, sirP and sirG, required for specific steps in the sirodesmin biosynthesis pathway, in the sirZ over-expression background resulted in strains that were unable to synthesize sirodesmin, yet were still non-pathogenic. Elucidating the basis for this pathogenicity defect or finding ways to overexpress sirZ during disease may provide new strategies for the control of blackleg disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S. Urquhart
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Candace E. Elliott
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Biosecurity Operations Division, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment, Post Entry Quarantine, Mickleham, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei Zeng
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Alexander Idnurm
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hwang JY, Chung B, Kwon OS, Park SC, Cho E, Oh DC, Shin J, Oh KB. Inhibitory Effects of Epipolythiodioxopiperazine Fungal Metabolites on Isocitrate Lyase in the Glyoxylate Cycle of Candida albicans. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19060295. [PMID: 34067454 PMCID: PMC8224697 DOI: 10.3390/md19060295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Four epipolythiodioxopiperazine fungal metabolites (1-4) isolated from the sponge-derived Aspergillus quadrilineatus FJJ093 were evaluated for their capacity to inhibit isocitrate lyase (ICL) in the glyoxylate cycle of Candida albicans. The structures of these compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques and comparisons with previously reported data. We found secoemestrin C (1) (an epitetrathiodioxopiperazine derivative) to be a potent ICL inhibitor, with an inhibitory concentration of 4.77 ± 0.08 μM. Phenotypic analyses of ICL-deletion mutants via growth assays with acetate as the sole carbon source demonstrated that secoemestrin C (1) inhibited C. albicans ICL. Semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated that secoemestrin C (1) inhibits ICL mRNA expression in C. albicans under C2-assimilating conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Hwang
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-Y.H.); (O.-S.K.); (S.C.P.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Beomkoo Chung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (B.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Oh-Seok Kwon
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-Y.H.); (O.-S.K.); (S.C.P.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Sung Chul Park
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-Y.H.); (O.-S.K.); (S.C.P.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Eunji Cho
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (B.C.); (E.C.)
| | - Dong-Chan Oh
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-Y.H.); (O.-S.K.); (S.C.P.); (D.-C.O.)
| | - Jongheon Shin
- Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (J.-Y.H.); (O.-S.K.); (S.C.P.); (D.-C.O.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (K.-B.O.); Tel.: +82-2-880-2484 (J.S.); +82-2-880-4646 (K.-B.O.)
| | - Ki-Bong Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; (B.C.); (E.C.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (K.-B.O.); Tel.: +82-2-880-2484 (J.S.); +82-2-880-4646 (K.-B.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Boucher M, Jordan TW. Primary Impacts of the Fungal Toxin Sporidesmin on HepG2 Cells: Altered Cell Adhesion without Oxidative Stress or Cell Death. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13030179. [PMID: 33670922 PMCID: PMC7997482 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The fungal metabolite sporidesmin is responsible for severe necrotizing inflammation of biliary tract and liver of livestock grazing on pasture containing spores of Pithomyces chartarum that synthesizes the toxin. The toxin is secreted into bile causing the erosion of the biliary epithelium accompanied by inflammation and damage to surrounding tissues. Toxicity has been suggested to be due to cycles of reduction and oxidation of sporidesmin leading to oxidative damage from the formation of reactive oxygen species. The current work is the first test of the oxidative stress hypothesis using cultured cells. Oxidative stress could not be detected in HepG2 cells incubated with sporidesmin using a dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay or by use of two-dimensional electrophoresis to search for oxidized peroxiredoxins. There was also no evidence for necrosis or apoptosis, although there was a loss of cell adhesion that was accompanied by the disruption of intracellular actin microfilaments that have known roles in cell adhesion. The results are consistent with a model in which altered contact between cells in situ leads to altered permeability and subsequent inflammation and necrosis, potentially from the leakage of toxic bile into surrounding tissues. There is now a need for the further characterization of the damage processes in vivo, including the investigation of altered permeability and mechanisms of cell death in the biliary tract and other affected organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magalie Boucher
- Centre for Biodiscovery and School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington PO Box 600, New Zealand;
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - T. William Jordan
- Centre for Biodiscovery and School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington PO Box 600, New Zealand;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu H, Fan J, Zhang P, Hu Y, Liu X, Li SM, Yin WB. New insights into the disulfide bond formation enzymes in epidithiodiketopiperazine alkaloids. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4132-4138. [PMID: 34163685 PMCID: PMC8179532 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06647h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidithiodiketopiperazines (ETPs) are a group of bioactive fungal natural products and structurally feature unique transannular disulfide bridges between α, α or α, β carbons. However, no enzyme has yet been demonstrated to catalyse α, β-disulfide bond formation in these molecules. Through genome mining and gene deletion approaches in Trichoderma hypoxylon, we identified a putative biosynthetic gene cluster of pretrichodermamide A (1), which requires a FAD-dependent oxidoreductase, TdaR, for the irregular α, β-disulfide formation in 1 biosynthesis. In vitro assays of TdaR, together with AclT involved in aspirochlorine and GliT involved in gliotoxin biosynthesis, proved that all three enzymes catalyse not only the conversion of red-pretrichodermamide A (4) to α, β-disulfide-containing 1 but also that of red-gliotoxin (5) to α, α-disulfide-containing gliotoxin (6). These results provide new insights into the thiol-disulfide oxidases responsible for the disulfide bond formation in natural products with significant substrate and catalytic promiscuities. A FAD-dependent oxidoreductase TdaR was responsible for α, β-disulfide formation in the biosynthesis of pretrichodermamide A. TdaR, together with its homologs AclT and GliT, catalysed not only α, α- but also α, β-disulfide formation in fungi.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China
| | - Jie Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China
| | - Youcai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100050 P. R. China
| | - Xingzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China
| | - Shu-Ming Li
- Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie und Biotechnologie, Fachbereich Pharmazie, Philipps-Universität Marburg Robert-Koch-Straße 4 Marburg 35037 Germany
| | - Wen-Bing Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, CAS Key Laboratory of Microbial Physiological and Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 P. R. China .,Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Oberhofer M, Wackerlig J, Zehl M, Büyük H, Cao JJ, Prado-Roller A, Urban E, Zotchev SB. Endophytic Akanthomyces sp. LN303 from Edelweiss Produces Emestrin and Two New 2-Hydroxy-4 Pyridone Alkaloids. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:2184-2191. [PMID: 33521458 PMCID: PMC7841945 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new antibiotics, several fungal endophytes were isolated from the medicinal plant Leontopodium nivale subsp. alpinum (Edelweiss). The extract from one of these fungi classified as Akanthomyces sp. displayed broad-spectrum antibiotic activity against gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Further investigation into the composition of this extract using bioactivity-guided fractionation, HRMS, and nuclear magnetic resonance revealed two new 4-hydroxy-2-pyridone alkaloids (1, 2) and emestrin (3), an epidithiodioxopiperazine not previously known to be produced by a member of Cordycipitaceae. Further testing of purified compounds 1 and 2 proved that they are devoid of antibiotic activity, and all the activities observed in the crude extract could be assigned to emestrin (3), whose configuration was confirmed by crystallographic data. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that endophytic fungi from Edelweiss can produce new compounds, prompting further investigation into them for drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Oberhofer
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Wackerlig
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Zehl
- Department
of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Havva Büyük
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jia Jian Cao
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Prado-Roller
- Department
of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ernst Urban
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergey B. Zotchev
- Department
of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Scharf DH, Chankhamjon P, Scherlach K, Dworschak J, Heinekamp T, Roth M, Brakhage AA, Hertweck C. N-Heterocyclization in Gliotoxin Biosynthesis is Catalyzed by a Distinct Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase. Chembiochem 2021; 22:336-339. [PMID: 32835438 PMCID: PMC7891397 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Gliotoxin and related epidithiodiketopiperazines (ETP) from diverse fungi feature highly functionalized hydroindole scaffolds with an array of medicinally and ecologically relevant activities. Mutation analysis, heterologous reconstitution, and biotransformation experiments revealed that a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (GliF) from the human-pathogenic fungus Aspergillus fumigatus plays a key role in the formation of the complex heterocycle. In vitro assays using a biosynthetic precursor from a blocked mutant showed that GliF is specific to ETPs and catalyzes an unprecedented heterocyclization reaction that cannot be emulated with current synthetic methods. In silico analyses indicate that this rare biotransformation takes place in related ETP biosynthetic pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H. Scharf
- Department of Molecular and Applied MicrobiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
- Department of MicrobiologyZhejiang University School of MedicineYuhangtang Road 866Hangzhou310058P. R. China
- The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of MedicineNational Clinical Research Center for Child HealthBinsheng Road 3333Hangzhou310052P. R. China
| | - Pranatchareeya Chankhamjon
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Jan Dworschak
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Thorsten Heinekamp
- Department of Molecular and Applied MicrobiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Martin Roth
- Bio Pilot PlantLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
| | - Axel A. Brakhage
- Department of Molecular and Applied MicrobiologyLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller University Jena07743JenaGermany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Department of Biomolecular ChemistryLeibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology (HKI)Beutenbergstrasse 11a07745JenaGermany
- Faculty of Biological SciencesFriedrich Schiller University Jena07743JenaGermany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jiang G, Zhang P, Ratnayake R, Yang G, Zhang Y, Zuo R, Powell M, Huguet-Tapia JC, Abboud KA, Dang LH, Teplitski M, Paul V, Xiao R, Ahammad KH, Zaman U, Hu Z, Cao S, Luesch H, Ding Y. Fungal Epithiodiketopiperazines Carrying α,β-Polysulfide Bridges from Penicillium steckii YE, and Their Chemical Interconversion. Chembiochem 2021; 22:416-422. [PMID: 32816319 PMCID: PMC7895331 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Some fungal epithiodiketopiperazine alkaloids display α,β-polysulfide bridges alongside diverse structural variations. However, the logic of their chemical diversity has rarely been explored. Here, we report the identification of three new (2, 3, 8) and five known (1, 4-7) epithiodiketopiperazines of this subtype from a marine-derived Penicillium sp. The structure elucidation was supported by multiple spectroscopic analyses. Importantly, we observed multiple nonenzymatic interconversions of these analogues in aqueous solutions and organic solvents. Furthermore, the same biosynthetic origin of these compounds was supported by one mined gene cluster. The dominant analogue (1) demonstrated selective cytotoxicity to androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells and HIF-depleted colorectal cells and mild antiaging activities, linking the bioactivity to oxidative stress. These results provide crucial insight into the formation of fungal epithiodiketopiperazines through chemical interconversions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangde Jiang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Peilan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ranjala Ratnayake
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Ran Zuo
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Magan Powell
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - José C Huguet-Tapia
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611, FL, USA
| | - Khalil A Abboud
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611, FL, USA
| | - Long H Dang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA
| | - Max Teplitski
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA
| | - Valerie Paul
- Smithsonian Marine Station at Ft., Pierce, 701 Seaway Drive, Ft. Pierce, 34949, FL, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Departments of Aging and Geriatric Research, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Center for Smell and Taste, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, FL, USA
| | - K H Ahammad
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Uz Zaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
| | - Zhenquan Hu
- Warshel Institute for Computational Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Shugeng Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Daniel K. Inouye College of Pharmacy, University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Hilo, Hawaii, 96720, USA
| | - Hendrik Luesch
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Yousong Ding
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Natural Products, Drug Discovery and Development, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
A microbial metabolite synergizes with endogenous serotonin to trigger C. elegans reproductive behavior. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:30589-30598. [PMID: 33199611 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017918117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products are a major source of small-molecule therapeutics, including those that target the nervous system. We have used a simple serotonin-dependent behavior of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, egg laying, to perform a behavior-based screen for natural products that affect serotonin signaling. Our screen yielded agonists of G protein-coupled serotonin receptors, protein kinase C agonists, and a microbial metabolite not previously known to interact with serotonin signaling pathways: the disulfide-bridged 2,5-diketopiperazine gliotoxin. Effects of gliotoxin on egg-laying behavior required the G protein-coupled serotonin receptors SER-1 and SER-7, and the Gq ortholog EGL-30. Furthermore, mutants lacking serotonergic neurons and mutants that cannot synthesize serotonin were profoundly resistant to gliotoxin. Exogenous serotonin restored their sensitivity to gliotoxin, indicating that this compound synergizes with endogenous serotonin to elicit behavior. These data show that a microbial metabolite with no structural similarity to known serotonergic agonists potentiates an endogenous serotonin signal to affect behavior. Based on this study, we suggest that microbial metabolites are a rich source of functionally novel neuroactive molecules.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cheng Y, Pham AT, Kato T, Lim B, Moreau D, López-Andarias J, Zong L, Sakai N, Matile S. Inhibitors of thiol-mediated uptake. Chem Sci 2020; 12:626-631. [PMID: 34163793 PMCID: PMC8179002 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc05447j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellman's reagent has caused substantial confusion and concern as a probe for thiol-mediated uptake because it is the only established inhibitor available but works neither efficiently nor reliably. Here we use fluorescent cyclic oligochalcogenides that enter cells by thiol-mediated uptake to systematically screen for more potent inhibitors, including epidithiodiketopiperazines, benzopolysulfanes, disulfide-bridged γ-turned peptides, heteroaromatic sulfones and cyclic thiosulfonates, thiosulfinates and disulfides. With nanomolar activity, the best inhibitors identified are more than 5000 times better than Ellman's reagent. Different activities found with different reporters reveal thiol-mediated uptake as a complex multitarget process. Preliminary results on the inhibition of the cellular uptake of pseudo-lentivectors expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike protein do not exclude potential of efficient inhibitors of thiol-mediated uptake for the development of new antivirals. Thiol-reactive inhibitors for the cellular entry of cyclic oligochalcogenide (COC) transporters and SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudo-lentivirus are reported.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Cheng
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Anh-Tuan Pham
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Takehiro Kato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Bumhee Lim
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Dimitri Moreau
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Javier López-Andarias
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Lili Zong
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland http://www.unige.ch/sciences/chiorg/matile/ +41 22 379 6523
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Uka V, Cary JW, Lebar MD, Puel O, De Saeger S, Diana Di Mavungu J. Chemical repertoire and biosynthetic machinery of the Aspergillus flavus secondary metabolome: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:2797-2842. [PMID: 33337039 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi represent a rich source of extrolites, including secondary metabolites (SMs) comprising a great variety of astonishing structures and interesting bioactivities. State-of-the-art techniques in genome mining, genetic manipulation, and secondary metabolomics have enabled the scientific community to better elucidate and more deeply appreciate the genetic and biosynthetic chemical arsenal of these microorganisms. Aspergillus flavus is best known as a contaminant of food and feed commodities and a producer of the carcinogenic family of SMs, aflatoxins. This fungus produces many SMs including polyketides, ribosomal and nonribosomal peptides, terpenoids, and other hybrid molecules. This review will discuss the chemical diversity, biosynthetic pathways, and biological/ecological role of A. flavus SMs, as well as their significance concerning food safety and security.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valdet Uka
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Division of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina, Pristina, Kosovo
| | - Jeffrey W Cary
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Matthew D Lebar
- Southern Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Olivier Puel
- Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - José Diana Di Mavungu
- Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zhu M, Yang Z, Wang H, Gan Q, Zhang G, Che Q, Zhu T, Gu Q, Han B, Li D. Penispirozines A-H, Three Classes of Dioxopiperazine Alkaloids with Spirocyclic Skeletons Isolated from the Mangrove-Derived Penicillium janthinellum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2647-2654. [PMID: 32816473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Eight new dioxopiperazine alkaloids, penispirozines A-H (1-8), were discovered from the mangrove-derived fungus Penicillium janthinellum HDN13-309. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, TDDFT-ECD calculations, and X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 had an unusual pyrazino[1,2]oxazadecaline coupled with a thiophane ring system, and compound 2 possessed a 6/5/6/5/6 pentacyclic ring system with two rare spirocyclic centers. Interestingly, compounds 3-8 were distinguished by not only the existence of a spiro-thiophane or spiro-furan ring system but also the chirality of the pentacyclic moiety. Compounds 3 and 4 increased the expression of the two relevant phase II detoxifying enzymes SOD2 and HO-1 at 10 μM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Development Technology of Marine Resources, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Gan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Che
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingnan Han
- Department of Development Technology of Marine Resources, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kilgore HR, Olsson CR, D'Angelo KA, Movassaghi M, Raines RT. n→π* Interactions Modulate the Disulfide Reduction Potential of Epidithiodiketopiperazines. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:15107-15115. [PMID: 32701272 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epithiodiketopiperazines (ETPs) are a structurally complex class of fungal natural products with potent anticancer activity. In ETPs, the diketopiperazine ring is spanned by a disulfide bond that is constrained in a high-energy eclipsed conformation. We employed computational, synthetic, and spectroscopic methods to investigate the physicochemical attributes of this atypical disulfide bond. We find that the disulfide bond is stabilized by two n→π* interactions, each with large energies (3-5 kcal/mol). The n→π* interactions in ETPs make disulfide reduction much more difficult, endowing stability in physiological environments in a manner that could impact their biological activity. These data reveal a previously unappreciated means to stabilize a disulfide bond and highlight the utility of the n→π* interaction in molecular design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry R Kilgore
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Chase R Olsson
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kyan A D'Angelo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mohammad Movassaghi
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ronald T Raines
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhu M, Zhang X, Huang X, Wang H, Anjum K, Gu Q, Zhu T, Zhang G, Li D. Irregularly Bridged Epipolythiodioxopiperazines and Related Analogues: Sources, Structures, and Biological Activities. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:2045-2053. [PMID: 32543845 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b01283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Epipolythiodioxopiperazines (ETPs) are a class of biologically active fungal secondary metabolites characterized by a bridged polysulfide piperazine ring. Regularly, the sulfide functionality is attached in the α-positions of the dioxopiperazine scaffold. However, ETPs possessing irregular sulfur bridges have rarely been explored. This review summarizes that 83 compounds of this subtype have been isolated and characterized since the discovery of gliovirin in 1982. Herein, particular emphasis is given to the isolation, chemistry, and biological activity of this subtype. For a better understanding, a relevant summary focusing on the source microorganisms and their taxonomy is provided and will help elucidate the fascinating chemistry and biology of these unusual ETPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meilin Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuenan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Road, Bengbu 233030, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Komal Anjum
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianjiao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojian Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, People's Republic of China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Willems T, De Mol ML, De Bruycker A, De Maeseneire SL, Soetaert WK. Alkaloids from Marine Fungi: Promising Antimicrobials. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9060340. [PMID: 32570899 PMCID: PMC7345139 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance of pathogenic microorganisms against antimicrobials is a major threat to contemporary human society. It necessitates a perpetual influx of novel antimicrobial compounds. More specifically, Gram− pathogens emerged as the most exigent danger. In our continuing quest to search for novel antimicrobial molecules, alkaloids from marine fungi show great promise. However, current reports of such newly discovered alkaloids are often limited to cytotoxicity studies and, moreover, neglect to discuss the enigma of their biosynthesis. Yet, the latter is often a prerequisite to make them available through sufficiently efficient processes. This review aims to summarize novel alkaloids with promising antimicrobial properties discovered in the past five years and produced by marine fungi. Several discovery strategies are summarized, and knowledge gaps in biochemical production routes are identified. Finally, links between the structure of the newly discovered molecules and their activity are proposed. Since 2015, a total of 35 new antimicrobial alkaloids from marine fungi were identified, of which 22 showed an antibacterial activity against Gram− microorganisms. Eight of them can be classified as narrow-spectrum Gram− antibiotics. Despite this promising ratio of novel alkaloids active against Gram− microorganisms, the number of newly discovered antimicrobial alkaloids is low, due to the narrow spectrum of discovery protocols that are used and the fact that antimicrobial properties of newly discovered alkaloids are barely characterized. Alternatives are proposed in this review. In conclusion, this review summarizes novel findings on antimicrobial alkaloids from marine fungi, shows their potential as promising therapeutic candidates, and hints on how to further improve this potential.
Collapse
|
46
|
Qi P, Sun F, Chen N, Du H. Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Azoarenes with Dialkyl Disulfides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:8588-8596. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Qi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Sun
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongguang Du
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yamazaki H, Takahashi O, Kirikoshi R, Yagi A, Ogasawara T, Bunya Y, Rotinsulu H, Uchida R, Namikoshi M. Epipolythiodiketopiperazine and trichothecene derivatives from the NaI-containing fermentation of marine-derived Trichoderma cf. brevicompactum. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:559-567. [PMID: 32427947 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0314-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The marine-derived fungus Trichoderma sp. TPU199 (cf. Trichoderma brevicompactum) produces pretrichodermamide A (1) and gliovirin (2), which possess a rare type of epipolythiodiketopiperazine (ETP) structure with a disulfide bridge between the α- and β-positions of two amino acid residues. We previously reported that this strain gave the halogenated ETPs, DC1149B (4), DC1149R (6), and iododithiobrevamide (7), when fermented with sodium halides (NaCl, NaBr, and NaI). Further analyses of the metabolites obtained under NaI-containing culture conditions resulted in the isolation of two new ETP derivatives (11 and 12) and three new trichothecene sesquiterpenes (13-15). The structures of 11 and 12, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated based on spectroscopic data for 11 and 12 and comparisons with those for 1 and related compounds, revealing that 11 was an epimer of 1 at the C-5 position and 12 was a trithio-derivative of 11. The structures of 13-15 were established by analyzing their 1D and 2D NMR data. The absolute configurations of 13-15 were assigned by comparing their experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra with the calculated ECD spectrum of 13.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Yamazaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.
| | - Ohgi Takahashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Ryota Kirikoshi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Akiho Yagi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Teruki Ogasawara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Yuki Bunya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Henki Rotinsulu
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.,Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Kampus Bahu, Manado, 95115, Indonesia
| | - Ryuji Uchida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| | - Michio Namikoshi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang MH, Zhang XY, Tan XM, Niu SB, Sun BD, Yu M, Ding G, Zou ZM. Chetocochliodins A-I, Epipoly(thiodioxopiperazines) from Chaetomium cochliodes. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:805-813. [PMID: 32115958 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.9b00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nine new epipoly(thiodioxopiperazine) (ETP) analogues, chetocochliodins A-I (1-9), along with two known ones, chetoseminudins E and C (10 and 11), were purified from the fungus Chaetomium cochliodes. The planar structures and absolute configurations of these new compounds were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis, CD spectra, and chemical reactions. Shielding effects from the indole on the 3-SCH3/3-OCH3/3-OCH2- groups facilitated the determination of relative configuration of the analogues. Compound 9 was cytotoxic, suggesting the importance of the sulfide bridge for the diketopiperazine bioactivities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Mei Tan
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Bin Niu
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing City University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Da Sun
- Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100090, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Yu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Ding
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Mei Zou
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
The fungal metabolite sporidesmin is responsible for the hepatogenous photosensitising disease facial eczema in livestock. Toxicity is due to a sulfur-bridged epidithiodioxopiperazine ring that has wide biological reactivity. The ways in which the toxin causes hepatobiliary and other tissue damage have not been established. Hypotheses include direct interaction with cellular thiols including protein cysteine residues or production of reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative stress. Comparison with the cellular effects of the structurally related compound gliotoxin suggests additional mechanisms including interaction with cell adhesion complexes and possible downstream consequences for regulated necrosis as a response to tissue injury. Revision of hypotheses of how sporidesmin affects cells has the potential to generate new strategies for control of facial eczema including through identification of proteins and genes that are associated with resistance to the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T W Jordan
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Secondary Metabolites from the Culture of the Marine-derived Fungus Paradendryphiella salina PC 362H and Evaluation of the Anticancer Activity of Its Metabolite Hyalodendrin. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18040191. [PMID: 32260204 PMCID: PMC7230232 DOI: 10.3390/md18040191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput screening assays have been designed to identify compounds capable of inhibiting phenotypes involved in cancer aggressiveness. However, most studies used commercially available chemical libraries. This prompted us to explore natural products isolated from marine-derived fungi as a new source of molecules. In this study, we established a chemical library from 99 strains corresponding to 45 molecular operational taxonomic units and evaluated their anticancer activity against the MCF7 epithelial cancer cell line and its invasive stem cell-like MCF7-Sh-WISP2 counterpart. We identified the marine fungal Paradendryphiella salina PC 362H strain, isolated from the brown alga Pelvetia caniculata (PC), as one of the most promising fungi which produce active compounds. Further chemical and biological characterizations of the culture of the Paradendryphiella salina PC 362H strain identified (-)-hyalodendrin as the active secondary metabolite responsible for the cytotoxic activity of the crude extract. The antitumor activity of (-)-hyalodendrin was not only limited to the MCF7 cell lines, but also prominent on cancer cells with invasive phenotypes including colorectal cancer cells resistant to chemotherapy. Further investigations showed that treatment of MCF7-Sh-WISP2 cells with (-)-hyalodendrin induced changes in the phosphorylation status of p53 and altered expression of HSP60, HSP70 and PRAS40 proteins. Altogether, our study reveals that this uninvestigated marine fungal crude extract possesses a strong therapeutic potential against tumor cells with aggressive phenotypes and confirms that members of the epidithiodioxopiperazines are interesting fungal toxins with anticancer activities.
Collapse
|