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Wang L, Liu S, Zhao W, Li J, Zeng H, Kang S, Sheng X, Wang L, Fan Y, Yin L. Recent Advances in Implantable Neural Interfaces for Multimodal Electrical Neuromodulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2303316. [PMID: 38323711 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Electrical neuromodulation plays a pivotal role in enhancing patient outcomes among individuals suffering from neurological disorders. Implantable neural interfaces are vital components of the electrical neuromodulation system to ensure desirable performance; However, conventional devices are limited to a single function and are constructed with bulky and rigid materials, which often leads to mechanical incompatibility with soft tissue and an inability to adapt to the dynamic and complex 3D structures of biological systems. In addition, current implantable neural interfaces utilized in clinical settings primarily rely on wire-based techniques, which are associated with complications such as increased risk of infection, limited positioning options, and movement restrictions. Here, the state-of-art applications of electrical neuromodulation are presented. Material schemes and device structures that can be employed to develop robust and multifunctional neural interfaces, including flexibility, stretchability, biodegradability, self-healing, self-rolling, or morphing are discussed. Furthermore, multimodal wireless neuromodulation techniques, including optoelectronics, mechano-electrics, magnetoelectrics, inductive coupling, and electrochemically based self-powered devices are reviewed. In the end, future perspectives are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wentai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Jiakun Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Haoxuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shaoyang Kang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Fan
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, and with the School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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2
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Ilic IK, Galli V, Lamanna L, Cataldi P, Pasquale L, Annese VF, Athanassiou A, Caironi M. An Edible Rechargeable Battery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211400. [PMID: 36919977 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Edible electronics is a growing field that aims to produce digestible devices using only food ingredients and additives, thus addressing many of the shortcomings of ingestible electronic devices. Edible electronic devices will have major implications for gastrointestinal tract monitoring, therapeutics, as well as rapid food quality monitoring. Recent research has demonstrated the feasibility of edible circuits and sensors, but to realize fully edible electronic devices edible power sources are required, of which there have been very few examples. Drawing inspiration from living organisms, which use redox cofactors to power biochemical machines, a rechargeable edible battery formed from materials eaten in everyday life is developed. The battery is realized by immobilizing riboflavin and quercetin, common food ingredients and dietary supplements, on activated carbon, a widespread food additive. Riboflavin is used as the anode, while quercetin is used as the cathode. By encapsulating the electrodes in beeswax, a fully edible battery is fabricated capable of supplying power to small electronic devices. The proof-of-concept battery cell operated at 0.65 V, sustaining a current of 48 µA for 12 min. The presented proof-of-concept will open the doors to new edible electronic applications, enabling safer and easier medical diagnostics, treatments, and unexplored ways to monitor food quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan K Ilic
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
| | - Valerio Galli
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Leonardo Lamanna
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, Campus Ecotekne, University of Salento, Via per Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Pietro Cataldi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Lea Pasquale
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Valerio F Annese
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
| | | | - Mario Caironi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via R. Rubattino, 81, Milan, 20134, Italy
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3
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Balakrishnan G, Bhat A, Naik D, Kim JS, Marukyan S, Gido L, Ritter M, Khair AS, Bettinger CJ. Gelatin-Based Ingestible Impedance Sensor to Evaluate Gastrointestinal Epithelial Barriers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2211581. [PMID: 36799712 PMCID: PMC10192083 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202211581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Low-profile and transient ingestible electronic capsules for diagnostics and therapeutics can replace widely used yet invasive procedures such as endoscopies. Several gastrointestinal diseases such as reflux disease, Crohn's disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and eosinophilic esophagitis result in increased intercellular dilation in epithelial barriers. Currently, the primary method of diagnosing and monitoring epithelial barrier integrity is via endoscopic tissue biopsies followed by histological imaging. Here, a gelatin-based ingestible electronic capsule that can monitor epithelial barriers via electrochemical impedance measurements is proposed. Toward this end, material-specific transfer printing methodologies to manufacture soft-gelatin-based electronics, an in vitro synthetic disease model to validate impedance-based sensing, and tests of capsules using ex vivo using porcine esophageal tissue are described. The technologies described herein can advance next generation of oral diagnostic devices that reduce invasiveness and improve convenience for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Balakrishnan
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Arnav Bhat
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Durva Naik
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Julie Shin Kim
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Chemical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Sona Marukyan
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Lily Gido
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Chemical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mia Ritter
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Aditya S Khair
- Chemical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Christopher J Bettinger
- Materials Science and Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Yu L, Zeng G, Xu J, Han M, Wang Z, Li T, Long M, Wang L, Huang W, Wu Y. Development of Poly(Glycerol Sebacate) and Its Derivatives: A Review of the Progress over the past Two Decades. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2150774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanjie Zeng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingying Han
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Long
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Biomaterials Research Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaobin Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Translation of Medical 3D Printing Application, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Biomechanics, Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Fukada K, Tajima T, Seyama M. Thermally Degradable Inductors with Water-Resistant Metal Leaf/Oleogel Wires and Gelatin/Chitosan Hydrogel Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:44697-44703. [PMID: 36095329 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ingestible electronics monitor biometric information from outside the body. Making them with harmless or digestible materials will contribute to further reducing the burden on the patient's oral intake. Here, considering that the inductive part plays an important role in communications, we demonstrate a degradable inductor fabricated with harmless substances. Such a transient component must meet conflicting requirements for both operation and disassembly. Therefore, we integrated a substrate made of gelatin, a thermally degradable material, and a precision coil pattern made of edible gold or silver leaf. However, gelatin itself lost its initial shape easily due to quick sol-gel changes in physiological conditions. Thus, we managed the gelatin's thermal responsiveness by using a tangle of gelatin/chitosan gel networks and genipin, an organic cross-linking agent, and gained insights into the criteria for developing transient devices with thermo-degradability. In addition, to compensate for the lack of water resistance and low conductivity of thin metal foils, we propose a laminated structure with oleogel (beeswax/olive oil). LCR resonance circuits, by connecting a commercial capacitor to the coil, worked wirelessly in the megahertz band and gradually degraded in a warm-water environment. The presented organic electronics will contribute to the future development of transient wireless communications for implantable and ingestible medical devices or environmental sensors with natural and harmless ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Fukada
- NTT Device Technology Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Takuro Tajima
- NTT Device Technology Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Michiko Seyama
- NTT Device Technology Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
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Chen K, Yan L, Sheng Y, Ma Y, Qu L, Zhao Y. An Edible and Nutritive Zinc-Ion Micro-supercapacitor in the Stomach with Ultrahigh Energy Density. ACS NANO 2022; 16:15261-15272. [PMID: 36049456 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c06656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Miniature energy storage devices simultaneously combining high energy output and bioavailability could greatly promote the practicability of green, safe, and nontoxic in vivo detection, such as for noninvasive monitoring or treatment in the gastrointestinal tract, which is still challenging. Herein, we report ingestible and nutritive zinc-ion-based hybrid micro-supercapacitors (ZMSCs) consisting of an edible active carbon microcathode and zinc microanode, which can be inserted into a standard-sized capsule and ingested in a pig stomach. With features including flexibility, light weight, and shape adaptability, a single microdevice displays a high energy density of 215.1 μWh cm-2, superior to that of state-of-the-art biocompatible SCs/MSCs and even traditional ZMSCs reported previously. It also delivers an areal capacitance of 605 mF cm-2 and a high working voltage of 1.8 V, exceeding that of miniaturized commercial button batteries (1.55 V, RENATA 337). Comprehensive studies in vivo and in vitro demonstrate that the ZMSCs with high biocompatibility and safety not only power electronic equipment in the porcine stomach without a voltage booster but also act as a nutritional supplement of trace element zinc within the dose range, as well as the ability of potent antibacterial activity against bacterium Escherichia coli during the discharging process. This work provides an example for the design and fabrication of edible energy storage devices with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyue Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Liben Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Separation and Analysis in Biomedicine and Pharmaceuticals, Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yukai Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yu Ma
- School/Hospital of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Liangti Qu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering, Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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7
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Choi S, Park A, Seo D, Lee WB, Nam KM, Kim Y, Chang J. Redox-Transition from Irreversible to Reversible Vitamin C by Pore Confinement in Microporous Carbon Network. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:36557-36569. [PMID: 35917313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of redox-reversibility in electroactive species has been studied because of fundamental interest and their importance for energy storage systems. Various electroactive molecules suffer from redox-irreversible behavior, and this is a critical reason for their exclusion as redox electrolytes in energy storage systems. In this article, we fully demonstrated that ascorbic acid (ASC), which is an abundant but redox-irreversible molecule, can become redox-reversible when it is confined in microporous carbon regimes. From a theoretical perspective, redox-reversibility in an electrochemical reaction coupled with an irreversible chemical process can be greatly enhanced due to kinetic acceleration toward the inverse direction of the chemical reaction by accumulation of products in the nanoconfined regime. However, the kinetic acceleration in a nanoconfined domain shows limitations for enhancing the redox-reversibility, which indicates that stabilization of the species undergoing an irreversible chemical process is another important factor for redox-reversibility enhancement. The origin of nanoporous confinement of ASC and its enhanced redox-reversibility was rationalized by molecular dynamics simulations. We found that ASC-clusters of a fully protonated ASC and its conjugated base formed inside carbon pores, which would be a main driving force for its confinement in microporous carbon networks. Lastly, we demonstrated a prototype energy storage device using redox-reversible ASC in microporous carbon as the half electrode, which shows the feasibility of ASC as a possible redox electrolyte in an aqueous energy storage system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Anseong Park
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongho Seo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Bo Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Institute of Functional Materials, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - YongJoo Kim
- School of Advanced Materials Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinho Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute for Convergence of Basic Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
- Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
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Singaraju SA, Weller DD, Gspann TS, Aghassi-Hagmann J, Tahoori MB. Artificial Neurons on Flexible Substrates: A Fully Printed Approach for Neuromorphic Sensing. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114000. [PMID: 35684621 PMCID: PMC9182789 DOI: 10.3390/s22114000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Printed electronic devices have demonstrated their applicability in complex electronic circuits. There is recent progress in the realization of neuromorphic computing systems (NCSs) to implement basic synaptic functions using solution-processed materials. However, a fully printed neuron is yet to be realised. We demonstrate a fully printed artificial neuromorphic circuit on flexible polyimide (PI) substrate. Characteristic features of individual components of the printed system were guided by the software training of the NCS. The printing process employs graphene ink for passive structures and In2O3 as active material to print a two-input artificial neuron on PI. To ensure a small area footprint, the thickness of graphene film is tuned to target a resistance and to obtain conductors or resistors. The sheet resistance of the graphene film annealed at 300 °C can be adjusted between 200 Ω and 500 kΩ depending on the number of printed layers. The fully printed devices withstand a minimum of 2% tensile strain for at least 200 cycles of applied stress without any crack formation. The area usage of the printed two-input neuron is 16.25 mm2, with a power consumption of 37.7 mW, a propagation delay of 1 s, and a voltage supply of 2 V, which renders the device a promising candidate for future applications in smart wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surya A. Singaraju
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.D.W.); (T.S.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (J.A.-H.); Tel.: +49-721-608-26978 (S.A.S.); +49-721-608-28318 (J.A.-H.)
| | - Dennis D. Weller
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.D.W.); (T.S.G.)
- Institute of Computer Science & Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
| | - Thurid S. Gspann
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.D.W.); (T.S.G.)
| | - Jasmin Aghassi-Hagmann
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany; (D.D.W.); (T.S.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.S.); (J.A.-H.); Tel.: +49-721-608-26978 (S.A.S.); +49-721-608-28318 (J.A.-H.)
| | - Mehdi B. Tahoori
- Institute of Computer Science & Engineering, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;
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Chen Y, Zhang L, Lin L, You H. A Composite Porous Membrane Based on Derived Cellulose for Transient Gel Electrolyte in Transient Lithium-Ion Batteries. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15041584. [PMID: 35208124 PMCID: PMC8877982 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The transient lithium-ion battery is a potential candidate as an integrated energy storage unit in transient electronics. In this study, a mechanically robust, transient, and high-performance composite porous membrane for a transient gel electrolyte in transient lithium-ion batteries is studied and reported. By introducing a unique and controllable circular skeleton of methylcellulose to the carboxymethyl cellulose-based membrane, the elastic modulus and tensile strength of the composite porous membrane (CPM) are greatly improved, while maintaining its micropores structure and fast transiency. Results show that CPM with 5% methylcellulose has the best overall performance. The elastic modulus, tensile strength, porosity, and contact angle of the optimized CPM are 335.18 MPa, 9.73 MPa, 62.26%, and 21.22°, respectively. The water-triggered transient time for CPM is less than 20 min. The ionic conductivity and bulk resistance of the CPM gel electrolyte are 0.54 mS cm−1 and 4.45 Ω, respectively. The obtained results suggest that this transient high-performance CPM has great potential applications as a transient power source in transient electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lin Lin
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (H.Y.)
| | - Hui You
- Correspondence: (L.L.); (H.Y.)
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10
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Xu R, Zhou J, Gong H, Qiao L, Li Y, Li D, Gao M, Xu G, Wang M, Liang X, Zhang X, Luo M, Qiu H, Liang K, Li Y. Environment-friendly degradable zinc-ion battery based on guar gum-cellulose aerogel electrolyte. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1476-1485. [PMID: 35142754 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01747k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
With the vigorous development of electronics and the increasingly prominent problem of environmental pollution, it is particularly important to exploit environmentally friendly electronic devices. Transient electronics represent a kind of device that once the specified functions have completed can completely or partially disappear through physical or chemical actions. In this work, we introduce a novel guar gum-cellulose aerogel (GCA) membrane based on natural biomaterials and successfully use it as an electrolyte film to fabricate a degradable zinc-ion battery (DZIB). All components of the prepared DZIBs can be successfully degraded or disintegrate in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) containing a solution of proteinase K after approximately 40 days. This electrolyte film has a high ionic conductivity of approximately 4.73 × 10-2 S cm-1 and a good mechanical stress property. When applied to DZIB, the production of zinc dendrites can be restrained, leading to the battery showing excellent electrochemical performance. The battery exhibits a specific capacity of 309.1 mA h g-1 at a current density of 308 mA g-1 after 100 cycles and a steady cycling ability (100% capacity retention after 200 cycles). More importantly, the electrochemical performance of DZIB is better than that of transient batteries reported in the past, taking a solid step in the field of transient electronics in the initial stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Xu
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Junjie Zhou
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China. .,Department of Medical Equipment, Shandong Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Gong
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Li Qiao
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yuguo Li
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Dongwei Li
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Meng Gao
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Guanchen Xu
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiu Liang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xingshuang Zhang
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Mingfu Luo
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Hongbo Qiu
- Shandong Guoshun Construction Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250300, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yong Li
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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11
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Nie B, Liu S, Qu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao M, Liu J. Bio-inspired flexible electronics for smart E-skin. Acta Biomater 2022; 139:280-295. [PMID: 34157454 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
"Learning from nature" provides endless inspiration for scientists to invent new materials and devices. Here, we review state-of-the-art technologies in flexible electronics, with a focus on bio-inspired smart skins. This review focuses on the development of E-skin for sensing a variety of parameters such as mechanical loads, temperature, light, and biochemical cues, with a trend of increased integration of multiple functions. It highlights the most recent advances in flexible electronics inspired by animals such as chameleons, squids, and octopi whose bodies have remarkable camouflage, mimicry, or self-healing attributes. Implantable devices, being overlapped with smart E-skin in a broad sense, are included in this review. This review outlines the remaining challenges in flexible electronics and the prospects for future development for biomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This article reviews the state-of-the-art technologies of bio-inspired smart electronic skin (E-skin) developed in a "learning-mimicking-creating" (LMC) cycle. We emphasize the most recent innovations in the development of E-skin for sensing physical changes and biochemical cues, and for integrating multiple sensing modalities. We discuss the achievements in implantable materials, wireless communication, and device design pertaining to implantable flexible electronics. This review will provide prospective insights integrating material, electronics, and mechanical engineering viewpoints to foster new ideas for next-generation smart E-skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoqing Nie
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Sidi Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Qing Qu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Yiqiu Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Mengying Zhao
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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12
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Fukada K, Tajima T, Seyama M. Thermoresponsive Gelatin/Chitosan Hydrogel Films for a Degradable Capacitor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:59006-59011. [PMID: 34817996 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c14905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ingestible electronic devices are tools for exploring the condition of the gastrointestinal tract and adjacent organs without a burden on the patients. Making them safe requires that they be fabricated with harmless materials. In this study, we developed a capacitor using food materials for a wireless sensing component. As a safer approach, gelatin, an ingredient responsive to external stimuli, was selected as a substrate for deforming the device at the desired time. Gelatin experiences sol-gel changes near body temperature; however, it is instantly dissolved and is not suitable for long-term use in the body. Thus, to maintain its thermal responsiveness, we used a tangle of gel networks created by mixing gelatin and chitosan without cross-linking agents. Our search for the appropriate gel mixing ratio provided insights into the criteria for achieving slow sol-gel changes and how to improve the thermal durability. We transferred a sputtered gold film onto the gel films to produce electrodes and then made a capacitor by sandwiching a naturally dried sodium polyacrylate film between the electrodes. The resonance frequency measurement of RLC circuits in combination with commercial plane coils showed that the capacitor worked in the megahertz band and that it collapsed when immersed in hot water. Gastric acid detection was also achieved with this capacitor. This electronic part will contribute to the development of implanted or ingestible medical devices and a wide range of environmental sensors composed of natural ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Fukada
- NTT Device Technology Labs, NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Takuro Tajima
- NTT Device Technology Labs, NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
| | - Michiko Seyama
- NTT Device Technology Labs, NTT Corporation 3-1 Morinosato, Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0198, Japan
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13
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Yang SY, Sencadas V, You SS, Jia NZX, Srinivasan SS, Huang HW, Ahmed AE, Liang JY, Traverso G. Powering Implantable and Ingestible Electronics. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2021; 31:2009289. [PMID: 34720792 PMCID: PMC8553224 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202009289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Implantable and ingestible biomedical electronic devices can be useful tools for detecting physiological and pathophysiological signals, and providing treatments that cannot be done externally. However, one major challenge in the development of these devices is the limited lifetime of their power sources. The state-of-the-art of powering technologies for implantable and ingestible electronics is reviewed here. The structure and power requirements of implantable and ingestible biomedical electronics are described to guide the development of powering technologies. These powering technologies include novel batteries that can be used as both power sources and for energy storage, devices that can harvest energy from the human body, and devices that can receive and operate with energy transferred from exogenous sources. Furthermore, potential sources of mechanical, chemical, and electromagnetic energy present around common target locations of implantable and ingestible electronics are thoroughly analyzed; energy harvesting and transfer methods befitting each energy source are also discussed. Developing power sources that are safe, compact, and have high volumetric energy densities is essential for realizing long-term in-body biomedical electronics and for enabling a new era of personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Yoon Yang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vitor Sencadas
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; School of Mechanical, Materials & Mechatronics Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Siheng Sean You
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Neil Zi-Xun Jia
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Shriya Sruthi Srinivasan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hen-Wei Huang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abdelsalam Elrefaey Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jia Ying Liang
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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14
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Mittal N, Ojanguren A, Niederberger M, Lizundia E. Degradation Behavior, Biocompatibility, Electrochemical Performance, and Circularity Potential of Transient Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2004814. [PMID: 34194934 PMCID: PMC8224425 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Transient technology seeks the development of materials, devices, or systems that undergo controlled degradation processes after a stable operation period, leaving behind harmless residues. To enable externally powered fully transient devices operating for longer periods compared to passive devices, transient batteries are needed. Albeit transient batteries are initially intended for biomedical applications, they represent an effective solution to circumvent the current contaminant leakage into the environment. Transient technology enables a more efficient recycling as it enhances material retrieval rates, limiting both human and environmental exposures to the hazardous pollutants present in conventional batteries. Little efforts are focused to catalog and understand the degradation characteristics of transient batteries. As the energy field is a property-driven science, not only electrochemical performance but also their degradation behavior plays a pivotal role in defining the specific end-use applications. The state-of-the-art transient batteries are critically reviewed with special emphasis on the degradation mechanisms, transiency time, and biocompatibility of the released degradation products. The potential of transient batteries to change the current paradigm that considers batteries as harmful waste is highlighted. Overall, transient batteries are ready for takeoff and hold a promising future to be a frontrunner in the uptake of circular economy concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeru Mittal
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Alazne Ojanguren
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Markus Niederberger
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
| | - Erlantz Lizundia
- Laboratory for Multifunctional MaterialsDepartment of MaterialsETH ZürichVladimir‐Prelog‐Weg 5Zürich8093Switzerland
- Life Cycle Thinking GroupDepartment of Graphic Design and Engineering ProjectsFaculty of Engineering in BilbaoUniversity of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)Bilbao48013Spain
- BCMaterialsBasque Center for MaterialsApplications and NanostructuresUPV/EHU Science ParkLeioa48940Spain
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15
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Wehner L, Mittal N, Liu T, Niederberger M. Multifunctional Batteries: Flexible, Transient, and Transparent. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2021; 7:231-244. [PMID: 33655063 PMCID: PMC7908028 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.0c01318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The primary task of a battery is to store energy and to power electronic devices. This has hardly changed over the years despite all the progress made in improving their electrochemical performance. In comparison to batteries, electronic devices are continuously equipped with new functions, and they also change their physical appearance, becoming flexible, rollable, stretchable, or maybe transparent or even transient or degradable. Mechanical flexibility makes them attractive for wearable electronics or for electronic paper; transparency is desired for transparent screens or smart windows, and degradability or transient properties have the potential to reduce electronic waste. For fully integrated and self-sufficient systems, these devices have to be powered by batteries with similar physical characteristics. To make the currently used rigid and heavy batteries flexible, transparent, and degradable, the whole battery architecture including active materials, current collectors, electrolyte/separator, and packaging has to be redesigned. This requires a fundamental paradigm change in battery research, moving away from exclusively addressing the electrochemical aspects toward an interdisciplinary approach involving chemists, materials scientists, and engineers. This Outlook provides an overview of the different activities in the field of flexible, transient, and transparent batteries with a focus on the challenges that have to be faced toward the development of such multifunctional energy storage devices.
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16
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Kouhi M, Prabhakaran MP, Ramakrishna S. Edible polymers: An insight into its application in food, biomedicine and cosmetics. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Ashton MD, Appen IC, Firlak M, Stanhope NE, Schmidt CE, Eisenstadt WR, Hur B, Hardy JG. Wirelessly triggered bioactive molecule delivery from degradable electroactive polymer films. POLYM INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Ashton
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Lancaster UK
| | - Isabel C Appen
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Lancaster UK
| | - Melike Firlak
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Lancaster UK
- Department of Chemistry Gebze Technical University Kocaeli Turkey
| | | | - Christine E Schmidt
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida, Biomedical Sciences Building JG‐53 Gainesville FL USA
| | - William R Eisenstadt
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida, New Engineering Building Gainesville FL USA
| | - Byul Hur
- Department of Engineering Technology and Industrial Distribution Texas A&M University College Station TX USA
| | - John G Hardy
- Department of Chemistry Lancaster University Lancaster UK
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida, Biomedical Sciences Building JG‐53 Gainesville FL USA
- Materials Science Institute, Lancaster University Lancaster UK
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18
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Pradhan S, Brooks A, Yadavalli V. Nature-derived materials for the fabrication of functional biodevices. Mater Today Bio 2020; 7:100065. [PMID: 32613186 PMCID: PMC7317235 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nature provides an incredible source of inspiration, structural concepts, and materials toward applications to improve the lives of people around the world, while preserving ecosystems, and addressing environmental sustainability. In particular, materials derived from animal and plant sources can provide low-cost, renewable building blocks for such applications. Nature-derived materials are of interest for their properties of biodegradability, bioconformability, biorecognition, self-repair, and stimuli response. While long used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, their use in functional devices such as (bio)electronics, sensors, and optical systems for healthcare and biomonitoring is finding increasing attention. The objective of this review is to cover the varied nature derived and sourced materials currently used in active biodevices and components that possess electrical or electronic behavior. We discuss materials ranging from proteins and polypeptides such as silk and collagen, polysaccharides including chitin and cellulose, to seaweed derived biomaterials, and DNA. These materials may be used as passive substrates or support architectures and often, as the functional elements either by themselves or as biocomposites. We further discuss natural pigments such as melanin and indigo that serve as active elements in devices. Increasingly, combinations of different biomaterials are being used to address the challenges of fabrication and performance in human monitoring or medicine. Finally, this review gives perspectives on the sourcing, processing, degradation, and biocompatibility of these materials. This rapidly growing multidisciplinary area of research will be advanced by a systematic understanding of nature-inspired materials and design concepts in (bio)electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pradhan
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - A.K. Brooks
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - V.K. Yadavalli
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
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19
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Huang X, Wang L, Wang H, Zhang B, Wang X, Stening RYZ, Sheng X, Yin L. Materials Strategies and Device Architectures of Emerging Power Supply Devices for Implantable Bioelectronics. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1902827. [PMID: 31513333 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201902827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Implantable bioelectronics represent an emerging technology that can be integrated into the human body for diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Power supply devices are an essential component of bioelectronics to ensure their robust performance. However, conventional power sources are usually bulky, rigid, and potentially contain hazardous constituent materials. The fact that biological organisms are soft, curvilinear, and have limited accommodation space poses new challenges for power supply systems to minimize the interface mismatch and still offer sufficient power to meet clinical-grade applications. Here, recent advances in state-of-the-art nonconventional power options for implantable electronics, specifically, miniaturized, flexible, or biodegradable power systems are reviewed. Material strategies and architectural design of a broad array of power devices are discussed, including energy storage systems (batteries and supercapacitors), power devices which harvest sources from the human body (biofuel cells, devices utilizing biopotentials, piezoelectric harvesters, triboelectric devices, and thermoelectric devices), and energy transfer devices which utilize sources in the surrounding environment (ultrasonic energy harvesters, inductive coupling/radiofrequency energy harvesters, and photovoltaic devices). Finally, future challenges and perspectives are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Huachun Wang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology and Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Bozhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xibo Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Rowena Y Z Stening
- Department of Materials Science, Trinity College, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX13BH, UK
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology and Beijing Innovation Center for Future Chips, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Center for Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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20
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Jamshidi R, Chen Y, Montazami R. Active Transiency: A Novel Approach to Expedite Degradation in Transient Electronics. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13071514. [PMID: 32224921 PMCID: PMC7177843 DOI: 10.3390/ma13071514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transient materials/electronics is an emerging class of technology concerned with materials and devices that are designed to operate over a pre-defined period of time, then undergo controlled degradation when exposed to stimuli. Degradation/transiency rate in solvent-triggered devices is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of the constituents, as well as their interactions with the solvent upon exposure. Such interactions are typically slow, passive, and diffusion-driven. In this study, we are introducing and exploring the integration of gas-forming reactions into transient materials/electronics to achieve expedited and active transiency. The integration of more complex chemical reaction paths to transiency not only expedites the dissolution mechanism but also maintains the pre-transiency stability of the system while under operation. A proof-of-concept transient electronic device, utilizing sodium-bicarbonate/citric-acid pair as gas-forming agents, is demonstrated and studied vs. control devices in the absence of gas-forming agents. While exhibiting enhanced transiency behavior, substrates with gas-forming agents also demonstrated sufficient mechanical properties and physical stability to be used as platforms for electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reihaneh Jamshidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hartford, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Yuanfen Chen
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China;
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
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21
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Yi N, Cui H, Zhang LG, Cheng H. Integration of biological systems with electronic-mechanical assemblies. Acta Biomater 2019; 95:91-111. [PMID: 31004844 PMCID: PMC6710161 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Biological systems continuously interact with the surrounding environment because they are dynamically evolving. The interaction is achieved through mechanical, electrical, chemical, biological, thermal, optical, or a synergistic combination of these cues. To provide a fundamental understanding of the interaction, recent efforts that integrate biological systems with the electronic-mechanical assemblies create unique opportunities for simultaneous monitoring and eliciting the responses to the biological system. Recent innovations in materials, fabrication processes, and device integration approaches have created the enablers to yield bio-integrated devices to interface with the biological system, ranging from cells and tissues to organs and living individual. In this short review, we will provide a brief overview of the recent development on the integration of the biological systems with electronic-mechanical assemblies across multiple scales, with applications ranging from healthcare monitoring to therapeutic options such as drug delivery and rehabilitation therapies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: An overview of the recent progress on the integration of the biological system with both electronic and mechanical assemblies is discussed. The integration creates the unique opportunity to simultaneously monitor and elicit the responses to the biological system, which provides a fundamental understanding of the interaction between the biological system and the electronic-mechanical assemblies. Recent innovations in materials, fabrication processes, and device integration approaches have created the enablers to yield bio-integrated devices to interface with the biological system, ranging from cells and tissues to organs and living individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - Lijie Grace Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA; Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, and Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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22
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Tian Z, Hwang W, Kim YJ. Mechanistic understanding of monovalent cation transport in eumelanin pigments. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:6355-6361. [PMID: 31465076 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb01211g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent research advances in charge-conducting materials have enabled the transformation of the naturally-occurring materials into crucial components in many technologies, including renewable energy storage devices or bioelectronics. Among various candidates, eumelanins are promising charge storage materials, exhibiting hybrid electronic ionic conductivity in a hydrated environment. The chemical and electrochemical properties of eumelanins are relatively well studied; however, the structure-property relationship is still elusive up to date. Herein, we reported the mesoscale structure of eumelanins and its impact on the charge transport. X-ray scattering suggests that eumelanin pigments exhibit the semi-crystalline structure with ordered d-spacings. These unique mesoscale structures further influence the charge transport mechanism with the cations of various sizes. Understanding the structures with consequent electrochemical properties suggest that eumelanins can further be tuned to serve as high-performance naturally-occurring charge storage materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
| | - Wonseok Hwang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD 20740, USA
| | - Young Jo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
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23
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Hemmatian Z, Tunuguntla RH, Noy A, Rolandi M. Electronic control of H+ current in a bioprotonic device with carbon nanotube porins. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0212197. [PMID: 30794578 PMCID: PMC6386364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0212197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid biotic abiotic devices can be used to interface electronics with biological systems for novel therapies or to increase device functionality beyond silicon. Many strategies exist to merge the electronic and biological worlds, one dominated by electrons and holes as charge carriers, the other by ions. In the biological world, lipid bilayers and ion channels are essential to compartmentalize the cell machinery and regulate ionic fluxes across the cell membrane. Here, we demonstrate a bioelectronic device in which a lipid bilayer supported on H+-conducting Pd/PdHx contacts contains carbon nanotubes porin (CNTP) channels. This bioelectronic device uses CNTPs to control of H+ flow across the lipid bilayer with a voltage applied to the Pd/PdHx contacts. Potential applications of these devices include local pH sensing and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
| | - Ramya H. Tunuguntla
- Physics and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
| | - Aleksandr Noy
- Physics and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States of America
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, Merced, CA, United States of America
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States of America
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24
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Abstract
Biodegradable batteries play an important role in fully degradable biomedical or environmental systems. The development of biodegradable batteries faces many challenges including power content, device compactness, performance stability, shelf and functional lifetime. In particular, a key driver in the lifetime and overall size of microfabricated biodegradable batteries is the liquid electrolyte volume. Harnessing liquid from the environment to serve as the battery electrolyte may, therefore, be desirable; however, for stable operation, maintaining a constant electrochemical environment inside the cell is required even in the presence of changing body or environmental conditions. We report a biodegradable battery featuring a solid electrolyte of sodium chloride and polycaprolactone. This approach harnesses the body fluid that diffuses into the cell as an element of the electrolyte; however, the large excess of sodium chloride suspended in the polycaprolactone holds intracell ionic conditions constant. A constant discharge profile can then be achieved even in the presence of varying external aqueous conditions, enabling compact, stable-performing cells. This design also features easy integration and automatic activation, providing a simplified strategy to fabricate batteries with long shelf life and desirable functional life span. In addition, the polymeric skeleton of the solid electrolyte system acts as an insulating layer between electrodes, preventing the metallic structure from short-circuit during discharge.
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Sun L, Wang M, Chen S, Sun B, Guo Y, He C, Mo X, Zhu B, You Z. Molecularly engineered metal-based bioactive soft materials - Neuroactive magnesium ion/polymer hybrids. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:310-319. [PMID: 30586648 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of bioactive soft materials that can guide cell behavior and have biomimetic mechanical properties is an active and challenging topic in regenerative medicine. A common strategy to create a bioactive soft material is the integration of biomacromolecules with polymers. However, limited by their complex structures and sensitivity to temperature and chemicals, it is relatively difficult to maintain the bioactivity of biomacromolecules during their preparation, storage, and application. Here, a new kind of bioactive soft material based on the molecular integration of metal ions and polymers is designed and exemplified by a hybrid of magnesium ion (Mg2+) and poly(glycerol-sebacate-maleate) (PGSM-Mg). Mg2+ was firmly incorporated into PGSM molecules through a complexation interaction as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The PGSM matrix provided the soft nature and facile processing of the hybrid, which could serve as an injectable material and be fabricated into elastic porous three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. The Mg2+ immobilized in the PGSM chain conferred neuroactivity to the resultant hybrid. PGSM-Mg exhibited adequate biodegradability and a sustained release of Mg2+. PGSM-Mg 3D scaffolds promoted the adhesion and proliferation of Schwann cells (SCs) more effectively than poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds. Furthermore, SCs on PGSM-Mg scaffolds expressed significantly more neural specific genes than those on PLGA, PGS, and PGSM, including nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophic factor-3 (NTF3). All these results indicated that Mg2+ immobilized through molecular integration could efficiently regulate the bioactivity of polymers. In view of the wide availability, diverse bioactivity, and high stability of metal ions, the strategy of molecular coupling of metal ions and polymers is expected to be a new general approach to construct bioactive soft materials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Bioactive soft materials are designed on the basis of the molecular integration of metal ions and polymers. Immobilized metal ions offer a new way to endow bioactivity to polymers. Different from biomolecules such as proteins and genes, metal ions are quite stable and can resist harsh processing conditions. Further, the polymeric matrix provides the soft nature and facile processing of the hybrid. Different from stiff metal-containing inorganic materials, the hybrid is a biomimetic soft material and can be readily processed just like its polymer precursor under mild conditions. In view of the diversity of metal ions and polymers, this strategy is expected to be a new powerful and general approach to construct bioactive soft materials for a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Binbin Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Yifan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Chuanglong He
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Xiumei Mo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhengwei You
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fiber and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, North Renmin Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Zhang G, Geng F, Zhao T, Zhou F, Zhang N, Zhang S, Deng C. Biocompatible Symmetric Na-Ion Microbatteries with Sphere-in-Network Heteronanomat Electrodes Realizing High Reliability and High Energy Density for Implantable Bioelectronics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:42268-42278. [PMID: 30457330 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The prolonged life expectancy accelerates the development of implantable bioelectronic devices. However, conventional batteries with limited lifetime, rigid architecture, and inferior energy density greatly restrict their applications in patient's body. Herein, a novel flexible symmetric Na-ion microbattery based on the heteronanomat electrode and the biocompatible electrolyte has been developed. The film electrodes with sphere-in-network architecture are synthesized by simultaneously electrospinning and electrospraying followed by carbonization. The combined technologies allow a uniform incorporation of active materials/C spheres into the carbon nanofiber matrix, which results in the heteronanomat electrodes with robust structure, fast electron/ion transport, and compact mass loading. The flexible microbatteries are fabricated based on the interdigitated microelectrodes and the biocompatible electrolytes, which provides a new implantable power source for bioelectronics. As a proof-of-concept study, the symmetric sodium-ion microbatteries are constructed from the heteronanomat bifunctional electrodes (based on Na2VTi(PO4)3) and the biocompatible electrolyte. The high reversibility, fast kinetics, and high energy density of the symmetric system in the biocompatible electrolytes reveal their superior performance in bioenvironments. Moreover, the high capacity retention (over 98%) and the high stability of microbattery implanted in a living SD rat for a month further demonstrate its high reliability for long-term in vivo diagnosis. Therefore, this work not only presents a new sphere-in-net heteronanomat structure for fabricating high-performance electrode but also gives significant contributions to develop high-energy-density and high safety biocompatible power sources of implantable bioelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Fang Geng
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Fangshuo Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , Heilongjiang , China
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Jiamusi , Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine , Jiamusi 154007 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Sen Zhang
- College of Material Science and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Engineering University , Harbin 150001 , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Chao Deng
- Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Harbin Normal University , Harbin 150025 , Heilongjiang , China
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Yi N, Cheng Z, Yang L, Edelman G, Xue C, Ma Y, Zhu H, Cheng H. Fully Water-Soluble, High-Performance Transient Sensors on a Versatile Galactomannan Substrate Derived from the Endosperm. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36664-36674. [PMID: 30261722 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Green electronics on biodegradable substrates from natural sources have gained broad interest because of the advantages of being biodegradable, recyclable, sustainable, and cost-efficient. This study presents a low-cost, yet simple extraction and purification method that explores aqueous extraction and precipitation with ethanol for the synthesis of galactomannan films. In salient contrast to the other materials of natural origin, the process to obtain galactomannan films is energy efficient and environmentally friendly. As an alternative biodegradable material, galactomannan has direct relevance to the recent emerging biodegradable or transient electronics. The galactomannan substrate with temperature sensors and electrodes fabricated from zinc, a biodegradable material noted for its essential biological function, demonstrates a high-precision measurement of temperature and high-fidelity monitoring of electrophysiological signals (electromyogram or electrocardiogram). The resulting disposable sensors disappear without a trace in water and produce environmentally benign end products that could even be used for alkaline soil amendments. The set of materials explored in this study is also stable in organic solutions, enabling solvent-based fabrication that may be combined with recent advances in additive manufacturing techniques for a novel manufacturing method.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Cheng
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | | | - Cuili Xue
- School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yi Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Hongli Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering , Northeastern University , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
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28
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Li R, Wang L, Kong D, Yin L. Recent progress on biodegradable materials and transient electronics. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:322-333. [PMID: 29744469 PMCID: PMC5935787 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient electronics (or biodegradable electronics) is an emerging technology whose key characteristic is an ability to dissolve, resorb, or physically disappear in physiological environments in a controlled manner. Potential applications include eco-friendly sensors, temporary biomedical implants, and data-secure hardware. Biodegradable electronics built with water-soluble, biocompatible active and passive materials can provide multifunctional operations for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, such as monitoring intracranial pressure, identifying neural networks, assisting wound healing process, etc. This review summarizes the up-to-date materials strategies, manufacturing schemes, and device layouts for biodegradable electronics, and the outlook is discussed at the end. It is expected that the translation of these materials and technologies into clinical settings could potentially provide vital tools that are beneficial for human healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084 China
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29
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Huang X, Wang D, Yuan Z, Xie W, Wu Y, Li R, Zhao Y, Luo D, Cen L, Chen B, Wu H, Xu H, Sheng X, Zhang M, Zhao L, Yin L. A Fully Biodegradable Battery for Self-Powered Transient Implants. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1800994. [PMID: 29806124 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201800994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradable transient devices represent an emerging type of electronics that could play an essential role in medical therapeutic/diagnostic processes, such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. The associated biodegradable power sources, however, remain as a major challenge toward future clinical applications, as the demonstrated electrical stimulation and sensing functions are limited by wired external power or wireless energy harvesters via near-field coupling. Here, materials' strategies and fabrication schemes that enable a high-performance fully biodegradable magnesium-molybdenum trioxide battery as an alternative approach for an in vivo on-board power supply are reported. The battery can deliver a stable high output voltage as well as prolonged lifetime that could satisfy requirements of representative implantable electronics. The battery is fully biodegradable and demonstrates desirable biocompatibility. The battery system provides a promising solution to advanced energy harvesters for self-powered transient bioresorbable implants as well as eco-friendly electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhangyi Yuan
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wensheng Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Rongfeng Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Deng Luo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Liang Cen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hui Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hangxun Xu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Milin Zhang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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30
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Bonacchini GE, Bossio C, Greco F, Mattoli V, Kim YH, Lanzani G, Caironi M. Tattoo-Paper Transfer as a Versatile Platform for All-Printed Organic Edible Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1706091. [PMID: 29460421 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201706091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of natural or bioinspired materials to develop edible electronic devices is a potentially disruptive technology that can boost point-of-care testing. The technology exploits devices that can be safely ingested, along with pills or even food, and operated from within the gastrointestinal tract. Ingestible electronics can potentially target a significant number of biomedical applications, both as therapeutic and diagnostic tool, and this technology may also impact the food industry, by providing ingestible or food-compatible electronic tags that can "smart" track goods and monitor their quality along the distribution chain. Temporary tattoo-paper is hereby proposed as a simple and versatile platform for the integration of electronics onto food and pharmaceutical capsules. In particular, the fabrication of all-printed organic field-effect transistors on untreated commercial tattoo-paper, and their subsequent transfer and operation on edible substrates with a complex nonplanar geometry is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio E Bonacchini
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Caterina Bossio
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Greco
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Center for Micro-BioRobotics @SSSA, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Italy
| | - Yun-Hi Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Research Institute of Green Energy Convergence Technology (RIGET), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Guglielmo Lanzani
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133, Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32, 20133, Milano, Italy
| | - Mario Caironi
- Center for Nano Science and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli, 70/3, 20133, Milano, Italy
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31
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Stauss S, Honma I. Biocompatible Batteries—Materials and Chemistry, Fabrication, Applications, and Future Prospects. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2018. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20170325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Stauss
- Chemistry of Energy Conversion Devices Laboratory, Research Center for Sustainable Science & Engineering, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
| | - Itaru Honma
- Chemistry of Energy Conversion Devices Laboratory, Research Center for Sustainable Science & Engineering, Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan
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32
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Jeerapan I, Ciui B, Martin I, Cristea C, Sandulescu R, Wang J. Fully edible biofuel cells. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3571-3578. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00497h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This article describes the first example of edible energy harvesting biofuel cells, based solely on highly biocompatible and ingestible food materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itthipon Jeerapan
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
| | - Bianca Ciui
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
- Analytical Chemistry Department
| | - Ian Martin
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
| | | | | | - Joseph Wang
- Department of NanoEngineering
- University of California
- San Diego La Jolla
- USA
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33
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Kim J, Jeerapan I, Ciui B, Hartel MC, Martin A, Wang J. Edible Electrochemistry: Food Materials Based Electrochemical Sensors. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 28783874 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the first example of completely food-based edible electrochemical sensors. The new edible composite electrodes consist of food materials and supplements serving as the edible conductor, corn, and olive oils as edible binders, vegetables as biocatalysts, and food-based packing sleeves. These edible composite electrodes are systematically characterized for their attractive electrochemical properties, such as potential window, capacitance, redox activity using various electrochemical techniques. The sensing performance of the edible carbon composite electrodes compares favorably with that of "traditional" carbon paste electrodes. Well defined voltammetric detection of catechol, uric acid, ascorbic acid, dopamine, and acetaminophen is demonstrated, including sensitive measurements in simulated saliva, gastric fluid, and intestinal fluid. Furthermore, successful biosensing applications are realized by incorporating a mushroom and horseradish vegetable tissues with edible carbon pastes for imparting biocatalytic activity toward the biosensing of phenolic and peroxide compounds. The attractive sensing performance of the new edible sensors indicates considerable promise for physiological monitoring applications and for developing edible and ingestible devices for diverse biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayoung Kim
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Itthipon Jeerapan
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Bianca Ciui
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Martin C. Hartel
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Aida Martin
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
| | - Joseph Wang
- Department of Nanoengineering; University of California; San Diego La Jolla CA 92093 USA
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34
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Flexible piezoelectric devices for gastrointestinal motility sensing. Nat Biomed Eng 2017; 1:807-817. [PMID: 31015594 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Improvements in ingestible electronics with the capacity to sense physiological and pathophysiological states have transformed the standard of care for patients. Yet, despite advances in device development, significant risks associated with solid, non-flexible gastrointestinal transiting systems remain. Here, we report the design and use of an ingestible, flexible piezoelectric device that senses mechanical deformation within the gastric cavity. We demonstrate the capabilities of the sensor in both in vitro and ex vivo simulated gastric models, quantify its key behaviours in the gastrointestinal tract using computational modelling and validate its functionality in awake and ambulating swine. Our proof-of-concept device may lead to the development of ingestible piezoelectric devices that might safely sense mechanical variations and harvest mechanical energy inside the gastrointestinal tract for the diagnosis and treatment of motility disorders, as well as for monitoring ingestion in bariatric applications.
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35
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Strakosas X, Selberg J, Hemmatian Z, Rolandi M. Taking Electrons out of Bioelectronics: From Bioprotonic Transistors to Ion Channels. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1600527. [PMID: 28725527 PMCID: PMC5515233 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201600527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
From cell-to-cell communication to metabolic reactions, ions and protons (H+) play a central role in many biological processes. Examples of H+ in action include oxidative phosphorylation, acid sensitive ion channels, and pH dependent enzymatic reactions. To monitor and control biological reactions in biology and medicine, it is desirable to have electronic devices with ionic and protonic currents. Here, we summarize our latest efforts on bioprotonic devices that monitor and control a current of H+ in physiological conditions, and discuss future potential applications. Specifically, we describe the integration of these devices with enzymatic logic gates, bioluminescent reactions, and ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xenofon Strakosas
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - John Selberg
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of California Santa CruzSanta CruzCalifornia95064USA
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36
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Wirthl D, Pichler R, Drack M, Kettlguber G, Moser R, Gerstmayr R, Hartmann F, Bradt E, Kaltseis R, Siket CM, Schausberger SE, Hild S, Bauer S, Kaltenbrunner M. Instant tough bonding of hydrogels for soft machines and electronics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1700053. [PMID: 28691092 PMCID: PMC5479648 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1700053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Introducing methods for instant tough bonding between hydrogels and antagonistic materials-from soft to hard-allows us to demonstrate elastic yet tough biomimetic devices and machines with a high level of complexity. Tough hydrogels strongly attach, within seconds, to plastics, elastomers, leather, bone, and metals, reaching unprecedented interfacial toughness exceeding 2000 J/m2. Healing of severed ionic hydrogel conductors becomes feasible and restores function instantly. Soft, transparent multilayered hybrids of elastomers and ionic hydrogels endure biaxial strain with more than 2000% increase in area, facilitating soft transducers, generators, and adaptive lenses. We demonstrate soft electronic devices, from stretchable batteries, self-powered compliant circuits, and autonomous electronic skin for triggered drug delivery. Our approach is applicable in rapid prototyping and in delicate environments inaccessible for extended curing and cross-linking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wirthl
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Robert Pichler
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Michael Drack
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Gerald Kettlguber
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Richard Moser
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Robert Gerstmayr
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Florian Hartmann
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
- Linz Institute of Technology, Soft Electronics Laboratory, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Elke Bradt
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Rainer Kaltseis
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian M. Siket
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Stefan E. Schausberger
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sabine Hild
- Institute of Polymer Science, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Siegfried Bauer
- Department of Soft Matter Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenbergerstrasse 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Martin Kaltenbrunner
- Linz Institute of Technology, Soft Electronics Laboratory, Johannes Kepler University Linz, 4040 Linz, Austria
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37
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Abstract
Ingestible electronics have revolutionized the standard of care for a variety of health conditions. Extending the capacity and safety of these devices, and reducing the costs of powering them, could enable broad deployment of prolonged monitoring systems for patients. Although prior biocompatible power harvesting systems for in vivo use have demonstrated short minute-long bursts of power from the stomach, not much is known about the capacity to power electronics in the longer term and throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we report the design and operation of an energy-harvesting galvanic cell for continuous in vivo temperature sensing and wireless communication. The device delivered an average power of 0.23 μW per mm2 of electrode area for an average of 6.1 days of temperature measurements in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs. This power-harvesting cell has the capacity to provide power for prolonged periods of time to the next generation of ingestible electronic devices located in the gastrointestinal tract.
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38
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Landi G, Sorrentino A, Iannace S, Neitzert HC. Differences between graphene and graphene oxide in gelatin based systems for transient biodegradable energy storage applications. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 28:054005. [PMID: 28029106 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/28/5/054005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A comparison between graphene flakes and graphene oxide as filler in gelatin based systems for low-cost transient biodegradable energy storage applications has been carried out. The two bio-composites have been prepared and characterized by rheological measurements, cyclic voltammetry measurements, chronopotentiometry measurements and impedance spectroscopy. Differences in dielectric and mechanical properties have been correlated to the different structural organizations determinate by the hydrophobic/hydrophilic character of the used filler. In particular, the addition of the graphene oxide to the gelatin causes an increase in the elastic modulus with a parallel increase in the mechanical stability with time as compared to the composites obtained by adding graphene. Conversely, the surface capacitance is slightly increased by the graphene oxide addition compared to the pure gelatin sample. On the other hand, the introduction of the graphene flakes into the gelatin leads to a marked increase of the dielectric properties of the resulting bio-composite.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Landi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via G. Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy. Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB-CNR), Piazzale Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (NA), Italy
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39
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Keller A, Pham J, Warren H, in het Panhuis M. Conducting hydrogels for edible electrodes. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5318-5328. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb01247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conducting hydrogels prepared from edible, commercially available materials were shown to function as capacitive pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Keller
- Soft Materials Group
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - Jonathan Pham
- Soft Materials Group
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - Holly Warren
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science
- AIIM Facility
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
| | - Marc in het Panhuis
- Soft Materials Group
- School of Chemistry
- University of Wollongong
- Wollongong
- Australia
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40
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Hemmatian Z, Keene S, Josberger E, Miyake T, Arboleda C, Soto-Rodríguez J, Baneyx F, Rolandi M. Electronic control of H + current in a bioprotonic device with Gramicidin A and Alamethicin. Nat Commun 2016; 7:12981. [PMID: 27713411 PMCID: PMC5059763 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, intercellular communication is mediated by membrane proteins and ion channels that regulate traffic of ions and small molecules across cell membranes. A bioelectronic device with ion channels that control ionic flow across a supported lipid bilayer (SLB) should therefore be ideal for interfacing with biological systems. Here, we demonstrate a biotic-abiotic bioprotonic device with Pd contacts that regulates proton (H+) flow across an SLB incorporating the ion channels Gramicidin A (gA) and Alamethicin (ALM). We model the device characteristics using the Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz (GHK) solution to the Nernst-Planck equation for transport across the membrane. We derive the permeability for an SLB integrating gA and ALM and demonstrate pH control as a function of applied voltage and membrane permeability. This work opens the door to integrating more complex H+ channels at the Pd contact interface to produce responsive biotic-abiotic devices with increased functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hemmatian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Scott Keene
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Erik Josberger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Takeo Miyake
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Carina Arboleda
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Jessica Soto-Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - François Baneyx
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Marco Rolandi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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41
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Chen Y, Jamshidi R, White K, Çınar S, Gallegos E, Hashemi N, Montazami R. Physical-chemical hybrid transiency: A fully transient li-ion battery based on insoluble active materials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.24113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfen Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reihaneh Jamshidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Kathryn White
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Simge Çınar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Emma Gallegos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Nastaran Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Ames National Laboratory; Department of Energy; Ames Iowa 50011 USA
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42
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Kim YJ, Khetan A, Wu W, Chun SE, Viswanathan V, Whitacre JF, Bettinger CJ. Evidence of Porphyrin-Like Structures in Natural Melanin Pigments Using Electrochemical Fingerprinting. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:3173-3180. [PMID: 26924536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201504650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Eumelanins are extended heterogeneous biopolymers composed of molecular subunits with ambiguous macromolecular topology. Here, an electrochemical fingerprinting technique is described, which suggests that natural eumelanin pigments contain indole-based tetramers that are arranged into porphyrin-like domains. Spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations suggest that sodium ions undergo occupancy-dependent stepwise insertion into the core of porphyrin-like tetramers in natural eumelanins at discrete potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Abhishek Khetan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH, Aachen, 52062, Germany
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Sang-Eun Chun
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA
| | | | - Jay F Whitacre
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Christopher J Bettinger
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, 450 Technology Drive, Suite 300, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
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43
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Bazaka K, Jacob MV, Ostrikov KK. Sustainable Life Cycles of Natural-Precursor-Derived Nanocarbons. Chem Rev 2015; 116:163-214. [PMID: 26717047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sustainable societal and economic development relies on novel nanotechnologies that offer maximum efficiency at minimal environmental cost. Yet, it is very challenging to apply green chemistry approaches across the entire life cycle of nanotech products, from design and nanomaterial synthesis to utilization and disposal. Recently, novel, efficient methods based on nonequilibrium reactive plasma chemistries that minimize the process steps and dramatically reduce the use of expensive and hazardous reagents have been applied to low-cost natural and waste sources to produce value-added nanomaterials with a wide range of applications. This review discusses the distinctive effects of nonequilibrium reactive chemistries and how these effects can aid and advance the integration of sustainable chemistry into each stage of nanotech product life. Examples of the use of enabling plasma-based technologies in sustainable production and degradation of nanotech products are discussed-from selection of precursors derived from natural resources and their conversion into functional building units, to methods for green synthesis of useful naturally degradable carbon-based nanomaterials, to device operation and eventual disintegration into naturally degradable yet potentially reusable byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Bazaka
- Institute for Future Environments, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,Electronics Materials Lab, College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia.,CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Materials and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia
| | - Mohan V Jacob
- Electronics Materials Lab, College of Science, Technology and Engineering, James Cook University , Townsville, Queensland 4811, Australia
| | - Kostya Ken Ostrikov
- Institute for Future Environments, School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia.,CSIRO-QUT Joint Sustainable Materials and Devices Laboratory, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization , P.O. Box 218, Lindfield, New South Wales 2070, Australia.,School of Physics, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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44
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Çınar S, Jamshidi R, Chen Y, Hashemi N, Montazami R. Study of mechanics of physically transient electronics: A step toward controlled transiency. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/polb.23941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simge Çınar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reihaneh Jamshidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Yuanfen Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Nastaran Hashemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy; Ames Iowa 50011
- Center for Bioplastics and Biocomposites; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Center of Advanced Host Defenses Immunobiotics aaand Translational Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
| | - Reza Montazami
- Department of Mechanical Engineering; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Ames Laboratory, Department of Energy; Ames Iowa 50011
- Center for Bioplastics and Biocomposites; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
- Center of Advanced Host Defenses Immunobiotics aaand Translational Medicine; Iowa State University; Ames Iowa 50011
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45
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Kataky R, Hadden JHL, Coleman KS, Ntola CNM, Chowdhury M, Duckworth AR, Dobson BP, Campos R, Pyner S, Shenton F. Graphene oxide nanocapsules within silanized hydrogels suitable for electrochemical pseudocapacitors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:10345-8. [PMID: 25977943 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc00968e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Soft biocompatible gels comprised of rolled up graphene oxide nanocapsules within the pores of silanized hydrogels may be used as electrochemical pseudocapacitors with physiological glucose or KOH as a reducing agent, affording a material suitable for devices requiring pulses with characteristic time less than a second.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kataky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK.
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46
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Hwang SW, Lee CH, Cheng H, Jeong JW, Kang SK, Kim JH, Shin J, Yang J, Liu Z, Ameer GA, Huang Y, Rogers JA. Biodegradable elastomers and silicon nanomembranes/nanoribbons for stretchable, transient electronics, and biosensors. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:2801-8. [PMID: 25706246 DOI: 10.1021/nl503997m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Transient electronics represents an emerging class of technology that exploits materials and/or device constructs that are capable of physically disappearing or disintegrating in a controlled manner at programmed rates or times. Inorganic semiconductor nanomaterials such as silicon nanomembranes/nanoribbons provide attractive choices for active elements in transistors, diodes and other essential components of overall systems that dissolve completely by hydrolysis in biofluids or groundwater. We describe here materials, mechanics, and design layouts to achieve this type of technology in stretchable configurations with biodegradable elastomers for substrate/encapsulation layers. Experimental and theoretical results illuminate the mechanical properties under large strain deformation. Circuit characterization of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor inverters and individual transistors under various levels of applied loads validates the design strategies. Examples of biosensors demonstrate possibilities for stretchable, transient devices in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Won Hwang
- †KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Chi Hwan Lee
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Jae-Woong Jeong
- ∥Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Seung-Kyun Kang
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jae-Hwan Kim
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jiho Shin
- ⊥Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jian Yang
- #Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Zhuangjian Liu
- ∇Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Fusionopolis Way, #16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore
| | - Guillermo A Ameer
- #Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yonggang Huang
- §Department of Mechanical Engineering, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Center for Engineering and Health, and Skin Disease Research Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - John A Rogers
- ‡Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- ○Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- ◆Department of Chemistry, Mechanical Science and Engineering, Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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47
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Drack M, Graz I, Sekitani T, Someya T, Kaltenbrunner M, Bauer S. An imperceptible plastic electronic wrap. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:34-40. [PMID: 25332107 PMCID: PMC4315904 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Extremely compliant sub-2-μm sensor films enable temperature mapping on complex 3D objects, like integrated circuits on printed circuit boards, food packages, and on human skin. In their stretchable form, these metal films withstand strains up to 275%. This imperceptible electronic foil technology platform offers new avenues for the design of complex, hybrid rigid-island stretchable-interconnect electronic devices such as RGB light-emitting diode (LED) strips that can be stretched and twisted without impairing their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Drack
- Department of Soft Matter Physics Johannes Kepler UniversityAltenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria E-mail:
| | - Ingrid Graz
- Department of Soft Matter Physics Johannes Kepler UniversityAltenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria E-mail:
| | - Tsuyoshi Sekitani
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems The University of Tokyo7–3–1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8656, Japan
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)2–11–16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–0032, Japan
| | - Takao Someya
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Information Systems The University of Tokyo7–3–1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–8656, Japan
- Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (ERATO) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)2–11–16, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113–0032, Japan
| | - Martin Kaltenbrunner
- Department of Soft Matter Physics Johannes Kepler UniversityAltenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria E-mail:
| | - Siegfried Bauer
- Department of Soft Matter Physics Johannes Kepler UniversityAltenbergerstrasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria E-mail:
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48
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Hwang SW, Kang SK, Huang X, Brenckle MA, Omenetto FG, Rogers JA. Materials for programmed, functional transformation in transient electronic systems. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:47-52. [PMID: 25357247 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201403051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Materials and device designs are presented for electronic systems that undergo functional transformation by a controlled time sequence in the dissolution of active materials and/or encapsulation layers. Demonstration examples include various biocompatible, multifunctional systems with autonomous behavior defined by materials selection and layout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suk-Won Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
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49
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Jia X, Yang Y, Wang C, Zhao C, Vijayaraghavan R, MacFarlane DR, Forsyth M, Wallace GG. Biocompatible ionic liquid-biopolymer electrolyte-enabled thin and compact magnesium-air batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:21110-7. [PMID: 25380306 DOI: 10.1021/am505985z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
With the surge of interest in miniaturized implanted medical devices (IMDs), implantable power sources with small dimensions and biocompatibility are in high demand. Implanted battery/supercapacitor devices are commonly packaged within a case that occupies a large volume, making miniaturization difficult. In this study, we demonstrate a polymer electrolyte-enabled biocompatible magnesium-air battery device with a total thickness of approximately 300 μm. It consists of a biocompatible polypyrrole-para(toluene sulfonic acid) cathode and a bioresorbable magnesium alloy anode. The biocompatible electrolyte used is made of choline nitrate (ionic liquid) embedded in a biopolymer, chitosan. This polymer electrolyte is mechanically robust and offers a high ionic conductivity of 8.9 × 10(-3) S cm(-1). The assembled battery delivers a maximum volumetric power density of 3.9 W L(-1), which is sufficient to drive some types of IMDs, such as cardiac pacemakers or biomonitoring systems. This miniaturized, biocompatible magnesium-air battery may pave the way to a future generation of implantable power sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoteng Jia
- Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, University of Wollongong , Wollongong 2522, Australia
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50
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Brombosz SM, Seifert S, Firestone MA. Patterning a π-conjugated polyelectrolyte through sequential polymerization of a bifunctional ionic liquid monomer. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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